Introduction Into Networking

INTRODUCTION OF
NETWORKING

by Mashitah Rahman

UNDERSTAND A NETWORK IS SIMPLY A GROUP OF
TWO OR MORE PERSONAL COMPUTERS LINKED
TOGETHER

CONTENTS

CHAPTERS PAGE

Preface 2
Introduction to Network 3
Netwok Topology 4-10
Network Protocol 11-14
Network Architecture 15-18
References 19

PREFACE

Gratitude belongs to ALLAH,I'll be able to complete
this E-Book. I'd want to thank to Mrs Hafidah Binti
Mahat, for allowing and helping me to complete this

E-Book successfully.



The goal of creating this E-Book is to make it simple
and easier for students to read and understand

study material that is right at their fingertips.Me as a
student,I dislike using the books that are thick dense

also kind of hard to understand too.Because of
that,E-Book was created and simplified the subjects

to make it easier for students to learn more.



This E-Book 'Intrduction Into Networking' will be
taught about Network and how Network Categorized

to 3 ways.I summarize all the information in this E-
Book so it will make student more understand to
learn and not to give them boredom when reading

this E-Book.



Many flaws of this E-Book's are obviously because of
me.As a result,I anticipate readers feedback to

enhance this E-Book.Hopefully with the presence of
this E-Book can help even a little in the learning of

students and myself too.

Topology

Architecture

Protocol

01

Network
Topology

What is network topology?

1. Physical – The physical network
topology refers to the actual

connections (wires, cables, etc.) of how
the network is arranged. Setup,

maintenance, and provisioning tasks
require insight into the physical
network.

2. Logical – The logical network topology
is a higher-level idea of how the
network is set up, including which

nodes connect to each other and in
which ways, as well as how data is
transmitted through the network.
Logical network topology includes any

virtual and cloud resources

common since they allow you to
conveniently manage your entire network

from a single location
each of the nodes is independently
connected to the central hub, should one
go down, the rest of the network will
continue functioning unaffected, making
the star topology a stable and secure

network layout.

are a good, cost-effective choice for
smaller networks because the layout is

simple, allowing all devices to be
connected via a single coaxial or RJ45

cable
more nodes can be easily added to the
network by joining additional cables.

each device is only connected to the
ones on either side, when data is
transmitted, the packets also travel

along the circle, moving through each of
the intermediate nodes until they arrive

at their destination
If a large network is arranged in a ring

topology, repeaters can be used to
ensure packets arrive correctly and

without data loss.

Combining elements of the star and
bus topologies allows for the easy

addition of nodes and network
expansion

Troubleshooting errors on the
network is also a straightforward
process, as each of the branches can

be individually assessed for
performance issues.

The web-like structure of mesh
topologies offers two different
methods of data transmission:

routing and flooding.
are reliable and stable, and the

complex degree of
interconnectivity between nodes
makes the network resistant to

failure

02

Network
Protocol

What is network protocol?

Network protocols are a set of rules,
conventions, and data structures that

dictate how devices exchange data
across networks. In other words,

network protocols can be equated to
languages that two devices must

understand for seamless communication
of information, regardless of their

infrastructure and design disparities.

The OSI Model

The OSI Model

03

Network
Architecture

What is network architecture?

Computer Network Architecture is
defined as the physical and logical design
of the software, hardware, protocols, and

media of the transmission of data.
Simply we can say that how computers

are organized and how tasks are
allocated to the computer.

Peer to Peer Client/Server
Network Network

Types of
Computer
Network

PEER to PEER
Network

Peer-To-Peer network is a network in which all the
computers are linked together with equal privilege and

responsibilities for processing the data.
Peer-To-Peer network is useful for small environments,

usually up to 10 computers.
Peer-To-Peer network has no dedicated server.
Special permissions are assigned to each computer for
sharing the resources, but this can lead to a problem if the

computer with the resource is down.

Client/Server
Network

Client/Server network is a network model designed for the
end users called clients, to access the resources such as

songs, video, etc. from a central computer known as
Server.

The central controller is known as a server while all other
computers in the network are called clients.

A server performs all the major operations such as security
and network management.

A server is responsible for managing all the resources such
as files, directories, printer, etc.

All the clients communicate with each other through a
server. For example, if client1 wants to send some data to
client 2, then it first sends the request to the server for the
permission. The server sends the response to the client 1

to initiate its communication with the client 2.

REFERENCES

NETWORK FUNDAMENTALS
(https://www.firewall.cx/networking-topics/general-

networking.html)



What Is Network Topology? Best Guide to Types and Diagrams
By Staff Contributor on August 15, 2019a little bit of body
(https://www.dnsstuff.com/what-is-network-topology)


Network protocols

(https://www.manageengine.com/network-monitoring/network-
protocols.html)



Computer Network Architecture
(https://www.javatpoint.com/computer-network-architecture)