FLIP THERMOFLUID

FORMULA SHEET & DATA

 For polytropic process: PV n  Constant Pvn  Constant

where n = constant

2 dV 2  PV2 V1 
Vn
P1V1n  P1 dV

1 1
For n = 0  W 

For n = 1 W  2 dV  P1V1lnV2  lnV1   P1V1 ln V2
V V1
P1V1

1

For n K 1 2 dV P2V2  P1V1
Vn 1 n
P1V1n 

1
W 

 For adiabatic process PV k  Constant Pvk  Constant

where k = cp/cv

Alternate forms for adiabatic process: PV k  Constant P1V1k  P2V2k

k  k 1 k 1

P2  V1 T2  V1 T2  P2  k
P1 V2 T1 V2 T1 P1
  

 Ideal gas law: PV  mRT
M

 Universal gas constant R = 8.3143 kJ/kmol.oK

 Molecular weight:

o R134-a : M = 102.03 kg/kmol  Air : M = 28.97 kg/kmol

 First Law: m  h1  C12  Z1 g      m  h2  C22  Z2g 
2 2
Q W

 The property entropy for reversible process: 2 dQ
s2  s1  1T

 The entropy change for an ideal gas with constant specific heats,

s2  s1  cp ln T2  R ln P2
T1 M P1

 Loss Coefficient in sudden contraction and sudden expansion.

 Losses in piping system:

Major head loss: l Vm2 Minor head loss: V2
D 2g KL 2g
 o
hL  f Minor losses 

Laminar Turbulent

o Friction factor: f  64 1  1.8 log  1.11  6.9 
Re D f D  Re 

3.7
  

 Reynolds number: Re  DhV


 The location of centroids for many common shapes:

 Moody Diagram: