ZIONISM - Central Connecticut State University

Zionism

their efforts in alliance with other social movements, partic- Womack, John, ed. 1999. Regellion in Chapas: An HistO,.iCal
ularly with Mexican "workers, campesinos teachers, students,
Reader. New York: New Press.
employees ... the workers of the city and the countryside."
ZIONISM
Nevertheless, the EZLN has recently criticized certain polit-
ical candidates and exhibited a loss of interest in the electoral Zionism is the political movement created to foster he
process and a loss of confidence in Mexican civil society. establishment of a Jewish state. It is based on he idea
that Jews, wherever they live, constitute a single people.lt
There are several possibilities for the future regarding
this conflict. On one hand, it is evident that the EZLN will developed in Europe in the late nineteenth ten
reinforce the "other campaign" that it launched as a new against a backdrop of rising nationalism and anti-Jewish
strategy based on listening in order to seek alliances with
the Mexican civil society. The EZLN's role in Mexican sentiment, especially in areas ruled by the car, vhere h e
politics during the electoral period has been cautious, greatest number of Jews lived, but alslo in Franc:e, where
though decisive in Chiapas. O n the other hand, the Mex-
ican government has again diminished the Chiapas conflict the Dr9&s case revealed widespread ~L,LLIL,,IC~~C of J~
and the indigenous people's demands. It would not be a
surprise to see new popular movements or rebellions occur- even in a modern democracy where tlhey werc:cornpara-
ring in Mexico in the near future.
t i d y assimilated. Because it defines/Irw not t'y religious
SEE ALSO Mayan Genocide in Guatemala; Viohce observance, language, place of birth, or cult1ire, but by
against Indigenous People, Latin America.
descent, Zionism is an ideology of race.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
To many early Zionists, the location of the future
Canal 6 de Julio. 1998. Acteal Masacre deMuerte. Documentary Jewish state was of no importance; among the areas con-
templated were Argentina and Uganda. The first World
video. Mexico: Canal 6 de Julio Zionist Congress, organized by Theodore Herzl and held
Collier, George. 1994. Basta! Land and the Zapatista Rebellion in in Basel, Switzerland, in 1897, set its sights on Palestinein
order to draw upon the religious tradition that holds that
Chiapas. Oakland, CA: Food First. with the coming of the Messiah, Jews will be reunited
EjCrcito Zapatista de Liberaci6n Nacional (EZLN). Available there and the kingdom of God will be accomplished for
the whole of humankind.
from http://www.ezln.org/. The texts of the six Declarations
of the Lacandon Jungle &n be found at http:l/www.aln.org/ MODERN PALESTINE
documentos.
Holloway, John, and Eloina Pelia, eds. 1998. Zapatista!: In 1868 there were 13,000 Jews in Palestine, out of an
Reinventing Revolution i n Mexico. London: Pluto Press.
Garcia de Le6n, Antonio. 1989. Resistenciay utopia. Memorial de estimated population of 400,000; the majority were reli-
a p v i o s y cro'nica de revueltas y proficias acaecih m la
gious pilgrims supported by charity from overseas. In 1882
provincia de Chiapas durante los tiltimos 500 arios de su historia.
the Frenchman Baron Edmond de Rothschild, combining
Mexico City: Editorial ERA.
~ u i i b zRamira, Gloria. 2003. EZLN 20y 10, el&ego y la philanthropy and investment, began to support Jewish

palabra. Mexico City: Desarrollo de Medios. settlers from eastern Europe who were brought to Palestine
Ordbiiez, Carlos Salvador. 1996. "Derechos humanos de 10s
to build a plantation system along the model the ~rench
pueblos indios." In Etnicidad y Derecho un diilogo postergado
mtre cimtifios sociales, edited by Josk Ord66a. Mexico City: had set up in Algeria. By 1895 the number of Jews had
Universidad Nacional Autbnoma de Mkxico.
Peace Brigades International. 1996. "Massacre in Acteal grown to 50,000; they spoke Yiddish, Arabic, Persian*
(Chenalho), Chiapdaramilitary group kills 45 Tzozil
Indians." Available from http://www.peacebrigades.org/ernl Georgian, and other languages. Hebrew was a liml$d,
ernchiapas.hun1.
Ruiz HernLnda, Margarito. 1999. "La Asarnblea Nacional /language, spoken in daily life by no one. As late as 19072
Indigena Plural por la Autonomia. (ANIPA) Proceso de
consuucci6n de una propuesta legislativa auton6mica iJews made up only 80,000 out of a population of 700,000-
nacional." In M&ico Experiencias de Autonomia Indkma, In 1917, Lord Balfour, the British foreign m i d s
edited by Aracely Burguete Cal y Mayor. Copenhagen, seeking support for Britain's efforts in World War 1,issued'
Denmark: Grupo Internacional de Trabajo Sobre Asuntos
Indigenas. a declaration expressing sympathy with effom to s t a b ~I
Sewicio Internacional para la Paz (SIPAZ). "Brief History of the
Conflict in Chiapas." Available from hnp://www.sipaz.org/ a Jewish homeland in Palestine, then under ~ r i d s hrule.i
fini-eng.htm.
He also vowed that such a homeland 1vould not ham the/
V k q u a Montalvk, Manuel. 2001. Marcos: Elseiior de los espgos.
stinhtatiesterse.tsaAttset mothfeenthtt,eiimnAteerarobpfremthtiaenjogBriiattlytfo.ouTmrheDeaneZc:i~oanriastcslvse~iJ:lcte,eawdsJ uaponn~1-II ,
Madrid, Spain: Aguilar. and oanod
stituted less than 10 percent of the

2.5 percent of the land in Palestine.

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