SUBTOPIC 6.2 NEUTRALISATION

SUBTOPIC 6.2
NEUTRALIZATION

Prepared by cikgu husrita

6.2 NEUTRALISATION

• Chemical reaction that takes place when
an acid is mixed with an alkaline solution
to produce a neutral salt and water.

• Acid+ Alkali → Salt + Water

• Neutralization reduces the alkalinity and
acidity of solution.

2

Neutralisation

 Neutralisation is a process when an acid reacts
with an alkali to form a solution containing a salt

Acid + Alkali Salt + Water

 For example

Hydrochloric + Sodium Sodium + Water
acid hydroxide chloride

TITRATION

• A process of adding the correct amount of an acid
to alkali to get a neutral solution is known as
titration.

• At neutral point, acid reacts completely with alkali
and the solution produced do not show any acid
or alkali properties and it is pH 7.

4

EXAMPLE OF REACTION ACID AND ALKALI TO
PRODUCE SALT

• HYDROCHLORIC ACID + SODIUM HYDROXIDE  SODIUM CHLORIDE + WATER
• SULPHURIC ACID + POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE  POTASSIUM SULPHATE + WATER
• NITRIC ACID + CALCIUM HYDROXIDE  CALCIUM NITRATE + WATER

NEUTRALIZATION IN DAILY LIFE

1. Toothpaste is alkaline in order to neutralize the acid
produced by bacterial reaction on the food in the
mouth.

2. Slaked lime (alkaline) used to neutralize acidic soil
which is not suitable for germination of seeds.

3. Bee stings (acidic) can be treated with bicarbonate
soda (alkaline)

6

4. Indigestion is caused by too much acid in the stomach can be treated with milk of magnesia
(alkaline)

5. Wasp sting is alkaline can be treated by using vinegar (acid)

6. Fabric softener are acidic, thus they reduce the level of fabrics which become alkaline
after being washed with detergents.

7. Acidic waste substances from factories are treated with alkalis before being discharged into
the river