1917 Magazine

Aneth Lopez Aysia Yang Edition 3, Volume 5
Natalie Neyman Vania Yescas

THE FRONT LINE

Letter to the Editor

Table of Contents Tation, vero consequat quadrum eu fere minim,
dolus olim decet, exputo. Suscipere duis validus
Book Review Pg 3 nulla opes accumsan euismod, acsi semper fi iu‐
Dear Abby Pg 4 sto fere loquor iriure laoreet rusticus. Consequat
Trench warfare Pg fatua facilisi acsi virtus exerci foras vicis sed tego
Crime Report brevitas accumsan vero jus, turpis. Eum vul‐
Two Major Battles putate nisl vel exputo vindico lobortis, eligo,
Sports exputo velit at velit, ullus ergoluctus quae sed.
Art Review Suscipit nunc quidne te decet, alla abdo veniam
Women in WWI abluo.
Travel
Before Action Immitto, causa amet hos refero utinam autem
A Soldier’s Life saluto iusto enim facilisis sed. Dolor diam venio
Entertainment molior suscipere molior typicus eu opto validus
Word search abigo exerci, autem. Qui nulla, suscipit conse‐
3 Major Weapons quat tation vulputate fatua comis. Eum quia
Aftermath of War damnum, natu, inhibeo melior adsum pertineo
nulla nisl illum ad lorem ipsum facto ulcis‐
cor,feugait. Pala nonummy, exerci eum ratis ve‐
lit nisl venio. Modo hendrerit facilisi eros et huic
ratis pagus.

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Book Review

III

Dear Abby

IV

TRENCH WARFARE

The main type of
fighting used during
World War 1 was
trench warfare. Sol‐
diers of the Triple
Entente and the Tri‐
ple Alliance began to
dig deep, long holes
about 2 meters deep
in the ground called
trenches. In here, the
soldiers fought to
guard themselves
from enemy fire. These trenches soon stretched hundreds of miles throughout north‐
ern Europe in a zig zag pattern so enemy fire could not sweep along the whole length
of the trenches and destroy them.

Fighting in the trenches was hardly pleasant work. It had been described as
“hell on earth”. The soldiers had no latrine or garbage disposal, nowhere to sleep and
nowhere to go but into enemy territory. Rats inhabited the trenches carrying all sorts
of disease. When it rained, the trenches were flooded with cold, muddy water. Soldiers
said that “there was mud everywhere, thick gluey mud, in which was mixed up all the
ruin of the war, bits of trees and buildings and guns . . . and human bodies”.

In the trenches, disease was spread easily among the soldiers. Many developed
trench foot, where the flesh around the toes beings to rot due to prolonged dampness,
or trench mouth, a painful infection of the gums. A mental disorder called shell‐shock

was also very common.
It was a nervous break‐
down due to the con‐
stant threat of death
and the terrible condi‐
tions the soldiers en‐
dured. Units were al‐
lowed to leave the
trenches to rest in a
warm, dry place, eat a
warm meal, and bathe
only once a month be‐
fore having to return to
duty.

V

CRIME REPORTS

EIGHT PERSONS TERRIBLY HURT ‐‐
TWO CANNOT LIVE ‐‐ INADEQUATE
FIRE ESCAPES ‐‐ MEN AND WOMEN
CRUSHED IN A NARROW COURT.
An overcrowded, squalid tenement to the
rear of 87 Hester Street was the scene of a
panic last night in which two persons were
injured so that they will die and six others
were seriously, perhaps fatally, injured.

VI

NEWS FROM THE FRONT LINE:

The Two Major Battles in France Have Ended!

The Battles of the Somme and Verdun have ended after months of fighting. The Battle
of the Somme ended on November 18 of last year with no victories on either side. Thirty
days later, the French fought to victory for the Allies at Verdun. Verdun was the longest

and most fierce battle to date. There have
been reports of hundreds of thousands of
dead and wounded, but actual numbers
aren’t in yet. It’s almost a miracle that the
French were not only able to hold out, but
to achieve victory against the Germans.
Verdun and its surrounding fortresses had
been neglected for sometime. Reinforce‐
ments had been requested and ignored.
The Germans had planned to attack on the
11th and 12th of February of last year.
Thankfully weather held them off until the 21st. This gave the French time to reinforce.
This didn't stop the German from attach both banks of the Meuse with 9 hours of bom‐
bardment. Even thought the Germans did not advance as they had hoped, they did take
fort Douaumont which was thought to be impregnable. Next stop Verdun. All through
the spring of ‘16 the German’s were attacking. At for Vaux, and the occupation of Fleury,
conditions were horrible on both sides. At Fort Souville the French were able to hold off
the Germans and bring fortifications. Throughout the summer there were shortages of
drinking water and ammunition making things even worse with no perceivable front
lines anymore. At this point, the Kaiser had replaced his Generals Von Knobelsdorf and
Von Falkenhayn with Lundendorft and
Von Hindenburg. Lundendorf decided
to cease fire at Verdun. The French
kept fighting. Now armed with their
new 400 mm gun, they retook For
Dauamont. The German machine guns
were cutting down the French attacks
from the trenches at Ft. Vaux. The
French ceased their attacks on Ft.
Vaux. The Germans decided to aban‐
don the fort and blew it up giving what was left to the French. With a rolling barrage of
artillery starting on 13 December after battling a determined German force and hugh
French losses, the line broke, the Germans were pushed back in defeat and the 10 month
battle of Verdun was over.

VII

NEWS FROM THE FRONT LINE:

The Battle of Somme

After the French realized that the Ger‐
mans were going to attack Verdun, they
needed a diversion to stall the Germans
while they reinforced Verdun and the
forts around them. On July 1, 1916, the
Battle of the Somme began. Before this
began, France proposed a joint offensive
with the British along The Somme River.

When the battle started, it was the British
that took control so France could focus
their attention on Verdun while still
fighting in the Somme Battle, but it was
costly for Britain. That first day of Battle,
they had 57,000 casualties and the French
loosing only 2,000. Two weeks later, on
July 14, the British took the German's po‐
sition and the next two months was a
stalemate. September 15 was the day that
the stalemate ended when General Haig
brought in tanks. They made little impact
and the stalemate continued. A month
later on the 18th of November, General
Haig called off his offensive and him and
his troops moved out two weeks later and
that the Somme operation had achieved
its purpose. Thought it ended positively
for the British, they had lost over 400.000
men and the French lost 200,000 and the
Germans lost about 450,000 men.

VIII

SPORTS NEWS

IX

ART REVIEW

X

ART REVIEW CONTINUES

XI

WOMEN OF WW I

As the men went off into the war, the women took over the work that the med had. The
women worked as railroad guards, ticket collectors, buses and tram conductors. The
women also worked as postal workers,
firefighters, clerks, and bank tellers. The
women got lower wages even if they had
the same jobs that the men had. The
women at this time didn’t like the fact
that they were being paid less than the
men so they went on strike. They wanted
it to be fair and wanted to have the right

to earn the same amount as the men. The
strike started and continued in 1918 and the
women did win and were given that right. This
was the first strike that women won.

XII

TRAVEL

XIII

BEFORE ACTION BEFORE ACTION
by Noel Hodgson

By all the glories of the day By beauty lavishly outpoured
And the cool evening’s benison And blessings carelessly received,
By that last sunset touch that lay By all the days that I have lived
Upon the hills when day was done Make me a soldier, Lord.
By all of all man’s hopes and fears
By beauty lavishly outpoured And all the wonders poets sing,
And blessings carelessly received, The laughter of unclouded years,
By all the days that I have lived And every sad and lovely thing;
Make me a soldier, Lord. By all his mad catastrophes
Make me a man, O lord.
By all of all man’s hopes and fears
And all the wonders poets sing, I, that on my familiar hill
The laughter of unclouded years, Saw with uncomprehending eyes
And every sad and lovely thing; A hundred of thy sunsets spill
By all his mad catastrophes Their fresh and sanguine sacrifice,
Make me a man, O lord. Ere the sun swings his noonday sword
Must say good‐bye to all of this;
I, that on my familiar hill By all delights that I shall miss,
Saw with uncomprehending eyes Help me to die, O Lord.
A hundred of thy sunsets spill
Their fresh and sanguine sacrifice,
Ere the sun swings his noonday sword
Must say good‐bye to all of this;
By all delights that I shall miss,
Help me to die, O Lord.
y Noel Hodgson

By all the glories of the day
And the cool evening’s benison
By that last sunset touch that lay
Upon the hills when day was done

XIV

A SOLDIER’S LIFE

Soldiers of all armies grasped any opportunity for recreation when out of the
line. The most universal activity came in the form of card games, such as the
German soldier’s favorite Skat, or gambling games like ‘Crown and Anchor’.
This game was wildly played by
British Tommies. British soldiers
had an additional passion – foot-
ball. Tired men would even start
kicking a ball at any given the
opportunity. Football and other
sports were also played on a
more organized level, with units
and formations holding their own
competitions featuring team
sports, boxing or tests of horse-
manship. Some of these competitions aimed to improve a unit’s esprit de corps,
others to sharpen military skills. The British Tank Corps even held tank races.

XV

A SOLDIER’S LIFE CONTINUES

Soldiers of all armies grasped any opportunity for recreation when out
of the line. The most universal activity came in the form of card
games, such as the German soldier’s favorite Skat, or gambling
games like ‘Crown and Anchor’. This game was wildly played by
British Tommies. British sol-
diers had an additional passion
– football. Tired men would
even start kicking a ball at any
given the opportunity. Football
and other sports were also
played on a more organized lev-
el, with units and formations
holding their own competitions
featuring team sports, boxing or
tests of horsemanship. Some of these competitions aimed to improve
a unit’s esprit de corps, others to sharpen military skills. The British
Tank Corps even held tank races.

XVI

ENTERTAINMENT

XVII

WW I WORD SEARCH PUZZLE

XVIII

THREE MAJOR WEAPONS

A weapon created during World War 1
was the zeppelin. The Zeppelin, also
known as a blimp, was an airship used
during the early part of the war in bomb‐
ing raids by the Germans. However, they
were abandoned because they could eas‐
ily be shot in the sky.

Another weapon created during the war were tanks. Tanks were used for the first
time during World War 1 at
the Battle of Somme. They
were developed to cope with
the conditions on the West‐
ern Front. The first tank was
called “Little Willie” and
needed a crew of 3. It could‐
n’t cross trenches and its
maximum speed was 3mph.

Another weapon created was the plane. Planes were also used for the first in this
war. At first they were used for spying
work or delivering bombs, but later be‐
came fighter aircraft armed with ma‐
chine guns, bombs, and sometimes can‐
nons. Fights between two planes in the
sky came known as “dogfights”.

XIX

AFTERMATH OF THE WAR

The allied forces of Britain, France and Technology had increased a lot after the
the US won this war. The Germans were war. This was because many new inven‐
forced to surrender due to lack of re‐ tions such as automobiles, airplanes,
sources and a successful campaign by radios and even certain chemicals, were
the British to block all resources from made and improved. The U.S economy
entering Germany via sea. This lead to grew a lot after this war. Europe was
the Treaty of Versailles. known as the world’s most reliable
money‐lender, yet just four years later
The aftermath of World War 1 saw dras‐ was greatly in debt to their allies owing
tic political, cultural, and social change them as much as $10 billion. Trying to
across Europe, Asia, Africa, and even in pay back their allies, the governments
areas outside those that were directly of many European countries began to
involved. rapidly print more and more money,
but this only made this worse making
Because of this war, socialist ideas start‐ their countries have a period of infla‐
ed to spread a lot in Germany, Austrian tion. Germany was hit the hardest in
empire, Britain, and France. Before the terms of struggling with war repara‐
war, Europe had 19 monarchies and 3 tions.
republics but after the war it had 13
monarchies, 14 republics, and 2 regen‐ People who had to experience this hor‐
cies. Many people started fighting for rible war were effected for life. Many
better ways of life. citizens would argue that peacemakers
had not expressed their ideals enough,
Germany were harshly punished by the and people began to wonder why the
treaty. The conditions of the treaty were war was fought at all. There was a feel‐
as follows: Germany lost significant ing of disappointment in the people the
amounts of land to other countries, started to discovery that their country
Arms limitations were enforced and government was not as good as one
(Germany couldn't have a large army), believed it to be. People would say that
Germany was asked to pay back the war their governments in no way knew how
costs of opposition countries, Germany to serve the best interests of the people.
was blamed for the whole war, League of The loss of loved ones on the battlefield
Nations was formed (the old version of was especially disturbing, for in some
the United Nations today), and Austria parts of Western Europe. Altogether,
and Germany were not allowed to form the war killed 10 to 13 million people.
alliances. Most people’s dreams and future were
ruined because of this war.

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XXI