In the context of today's rapid social and economic development, higher vocational education, as an important way to cultivate talents with practical technical skills, shoulders the important mission of promoting social progress and economic development. With the deepening of globalization and the continuous advancement of technological innovation, vocational education is facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges. Society's demand for high-quality technical and skilled talents is growing day by day. At the same time, the internationalization trend of education, the informatization process, and the rapid changes in industry needs have put forward higher requirements for higher vocational education. Therefore, exploring the development path of higher vocational education, optimizing the allocation of teaching resources, strengthening the construction of teaching staff, improving the quality of education, meeting the educational needs of special groups, and improving social recognition and attraction have become important issues that we cannot avoid at present. This article aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the current situation and strategies of higher vocational education in promoting students' practical abilities, professional ethics, social responsibility, intercultural communication skills, and physical and mental health. At the same time, this article will also explore the strategies and measures of higher vocational education in meeting the educational needs of special groups, responding to public expectations, integrating into the lifelong education system, and facing future development trends and challenges. Through in-depth analysis and discussion of these key issues, we hope to provide valuable insights and suggestions for the reform and development of higher vocational education, jointly promote my country's higher vocational education to a higher level, and cultivate more people with an international perspective. High-quality technical and skilled talents with innovation ability and social responsibility can make greater contributions to the sustainable development of society and the progress of mankind.