Unit 8 : Time to Spare

Unit 8 :

TIME TO
SPARE

WORD FOCUS 01
_________________

_W_O__R_D__F_O_C__U_S_____

GROUP
MEMBERS :

AISYAH BATRISYIA
HUSNA DAMIA
NUR SAKINAH
NUR AFIQAH SYAKIRAH
SITI AISYAH HUMAIRA'
NUR BATRISYIA HANINA

WORD FOCUS

1) Headlamp
2) Threat
3) Victim

HEADLAMP

Clickatolaadmd tpexat ttached to the front of a vehicle
to illuminate the road ahead.

- I got into the car and turn off the headlamp.

THREAT

a warning that may hurt, kill or punish
you if you do not do what they want

- His family convinced him to take the anonymous
threats seriously and call the police.

VICTIM

a person harmed, injured, or killed as a result
of a crime, accident or other event and action
- She claimed to have been a victim of child abuse.

VOCABULARY

RELATED WORDS-NOUNS

NOUN MEANING EXAMPLE

Photography The art,process or job of Her hobbies include
hiking and photography
taking photographs or
filming something

Cookery The art or activity of I'm going on a cookery
Martial art preparing and cooking course

Drama food Tai chi is a martial art
thst brings together
Any of fighting sports coordination,balance,
that include judo and and strength

karate The movie is a heart-
warming family drama
A play for the
theatre,television or

radio

Sculpture The art of making She trained in painting
sculptures
and sculpture at
Colombia University

Painting A picture that has Kahlo's paintings often
Ballet been painted depict his suffering

Gaming A style of dancing that She wants to be a ballet
tells a dramatic story dancer

with music but no With each new
talking or singing release,this video game

Playing computer has repeatedly
games transformed the world of

gaming

PHRASAL VERBS

phrasal meaning example
verb

call for to require He calls for help
(memerlukan)

call out to announce She called them out on their
(mengumumkan) lies

cut out for to be suited to He's not cut out for this kind of
(sesuai untuk) work

find out to discover I need to find out his name
(mencari)
show off My friend always shows off her
take to to behave new clothes
take up boastfully
try out for (berkelakuan My cat has taken to sleeping on
sombong) my bed

to start to like Sam has taken up basketball
(mula suka) recently and he likes it

to begin
(memulakan)

to audition If you like to sing, you should
(uji bakat) try out the choir

GRAMMAR
MODALS & SEMI MODALS

Mustn't &
Don't Have To

Can & Could May & Might

Must MODALS & Have To
Should SEMI MODALS Be Able To

Needn't Would

CAN & COULD

We use can + bare infinitive : can
• To talk about general ability in the present and the future.

- He can make beautiful things out of stone.
• For requests.

- Can we go to the concert tonight?
• For permission .

- People can enter this cave and explore if they like.
We use can't + bare infinitive to show that we are sure that
something isn't true.

- That can't be Jane! Isn' she away on a trip?

We use could + bare infinitive : could
• To talk about general ability in the past (past form of can).

- I could ski when I was only seven years old.
• To talk about possibility.

- We could go sailing if the wind went down by tomorrow.
• For polite requests.

- Could you please give me that magazine?
• To make suggestions.

- We could go to the cinema.

MAY & MIGHT may
might
We use may + bare infinitive :
• To talk about possibility in the future.

- I may take up painting as a hobby next month.
• For polite requests. (with I and we)

- May we borrow your camera?
• For polite permission

- You may ask me any question you like.

We use might + bare infinitive (past tense of may)
• To talk about possibility in the future.

- Sue might decide to join a gym soon.

MUST

We use must + bare infinitive :
• To say that something is necessary.

- I must be home at 7 o'clock at the latest.
• To talk about obligations.

- You must wear a helmet when riding a motorbike in this country.
• To show that we are sure that something is true.

- My sister must be nervous about the dance competition.
• To recommend something.

- You really must go and see that play! It was great!
We can use mustn' t + bare infinitive to talk about something that is
not allowed

- People mustn't speak on their mobiles while driving.

BE ABLE TO

We use be able to to talk about :
• Ability.

- I will be able to play the giutar tonight.
• A specific ability in the past. (Could cannot be used here)

- She wasn't able to practise the new dance at the weekend.

NEEDN'T

We use needn't + bare infinitive :
• To say something is not necessary. We don't use it in affirmative

sentences.
- You needn't take photos at the party because my brother is
videotaping it.

NOTE : We can also use need as an ordinary verb. It has affirmative, negative and
question forms and it is usually used in the Present Simple and the Past
Simple. It is followed by a full infinitive.
- Mary needs to find a new hobby.
- The twins didn't need to walk to the cinema becouse their mum took
them in the car.
- Did he need to pay to join the chess club?

SHOULD

We use should + bare infinitive to :
• Give advice.

- People of all ages should take some exercise every week.
• Ask fo advice.

- What should I do about losing weight?
NOTE : Ought to can also be used to give advice, but it is not usually used in the

question form.

WOULD

We use would + bare infinitive for :
• Actions that we did regularly in the past, but that we don't do now.

- I would always go for a run in the morning before I started work.
• Polite requests.

- Would you please buy some batteries for my camera?

HAVE TO

We use have to to :
• Say that something is necessary.

- You have to rehearse your part in the play every day.
• Talk about obligation.

- We have to have some training before we can go parachuting.

MUSTN'T & DON'T HAVE
TO

There is important difference between mustn't and don't have to .
• Mustn't : To say that something is not allowed.

- In basketball, players mustn't kick the ball.
• Don't have to : To show that there is no obligation or necessity.

- You don't have to play basketball with us this afternoon if you don't
want to.

PAST SIMPLE &
PAST CONTINUOUS

Past Simple

▪ The past simple shows us that an action was in the past, not in

the present.

▪ Regular past simple verbs have -ed at the end

(e.g. called, played, arrived).

▪ Irregular verbs have a different form, usually with a different

vowel sound
(e.g. wake → woke, break → broke, feel → felt).

Past Continuous

▪ The past continuous shows us that the action was already in
progress at a certain time in the past.

▪ The past continuous can also show that an activity was in
progress for some time, not just for a moment.

▪ We make the past continuous with was or were and the -
ing form of the verb.

PAST SIMPLE

Affirmative (Positive) I/you/we/they/he/she/it played
Negative I/you/we/they/he/she/it didn’t play
Questions Did I/you/we/they/he/she/it play?
Yes, I/you/we/they/he/she/it did.
Short Answers No, I/you/we/they/he/she/it didn’t.

USAGE

something that started and Seojun made some coffee a few
finished in the past minutes ago.

past routines and habits(often Suho never ate fast food at school.
with adverbs of frequency)

actions that happened one after Mark went to the park and had a
the other in the past, like telling picnic.

story

COMMON TIME EXPRESSIONS USED

yesterday at the weekend
last night/week/month/summer in March

a week/month/year ago in the morning/afternoon/evening
twice a week at night
once a month
ago on Thursday
on Monday mornings

PAST CONTINUOUS

Affirmative (Positive) I/he/she/it was playing
You/we/they were playing

Negative I/he/she/it was not playing
You/we/they were not playing

Questions Was I/he/she/it playing?
Were you/we/they playing?

Yes, I/he/she/it was.

Short Answers Yes, you/we/they were.
No, I/he/she/it wasn’t.
No, you/we/they weren’t.

USAGE

actions that were in progress at a Mum was making hamburgers at 7
specific time in the past o’clock last night.

two/more actions that were in I was cooking while my brother was
progress at the same time in the watching TV.

past

The sun was shining and the children
giving background info in a story were playing outside when suddenly

there was a loud bang.

an action that was in progress in We were getting ready when the
the past that was interrupted by doorbell rang.

another

COMMON TIME EXPRESSIONS USED

as at ten o'clock last night
while last sunday/week/year
this morning all day/week/month/year

WRITING

what is postcard

A card for sending a message by post
without an envelope, typically having a
photograph or other illustration on one side

How to write
a postcard ?

open and close use informal
your postcard in a language

friendly way

explain the good use linking words
points about your and phrases to
join your ideas
holiday

POSTCARD

Salutation Hi Mark !
/ Greeting
Introduction I have received your postcard and noted
the content about a suggestion for a hobby.
Contents
Why don't you try listening to music? This
Closing / is a great hobby as it can release your
Conclusion tension. Listening to music lets you have a
tremendously relaxing effect on our minds
and bodies, especially slow, quiet and
classical music. It also helps to lower heart
rate and blood pressure. Plus, you can
enhance your language comprehension.
English music can improve your listening
skills and increase your vocabulary. Music
even helps your pronunciation. As you
listen to the lyrics, you will be exposed to
new English words.

That's all from me. I hope you would love
it.

Sign off Love,
Lucas

Guideline to write a review

Introduction

Identifies the thing you'll be reviewing Identifies the author, star, or director
(e.g : book's title)

Body

Opens with a topic Has several detail Use quotes or examples
sentence that says what
the paragraph is about sentences that prove the from the book or movie to

point you're trying to make help prove your point

Conclusion

Restates the main ideas of Make a judgement about Recommend the reader to
the review the book or movie or go to the movie or read

whatever it is good or bad the book or buy a meal at
the restaurant (or not, if it

is no good)

REVIEW

to talk or think about something again,
In order to make changes to it or
to make a decision about it

Introduction GINO'S : A GOOD CHOICE FOR
Body HUNGRY SHOPPERS

Conclusion Are you bored with fast-food? Next
time you are hungry, why not pay a
visit to the Italian restaurant,
Gino's?

I was shopping last weekend when I
saw the modern restaurant in the
city centre, so I decided to try it. I
had a small starter of grilled
aubergine and chicken pasta for my
main. The aubergine was tasty and
the pasta was delicious.

Gino's is a small restaurant with
lovely tablecloths, trendy pictures,
and friendly waiters. Hence, it's the
perfect place for lunch for everyone!