Abillity and Willingness

Expression





Ability




&




Inabilty









Mengungkapkan kemampuan

dan ketidakmampuan

EXPRESSING ABILITY & INABILTY





















CAN/CAN’T COULD/COULDN’T BE ABLE TO/NOT
ABLE TO
Present tense / Past tense / kejadian
Present / Past / Future
kejadian yang terjadi yang terjadi dimasa
Sekarang / lalu / masa
sekarang. lalu.
depan

CAN / CAN’T





Can



MENYATAKAN KEMAMPUAN ● I can drive a car
DALAM BENTUK PRESENT /

MASA SEKARANG ● Father and I can swim very well


Pola umum : S + can + V1 ● Mark can climb a tree



Can’t

Can selalu diikuti kata
● a penguin can’t fly
kerja bentuk pertama
● Mother can’t run fast



● Johnny can’t cook fried rice.

Untuk membentuk kalimat
tanya (interogative
Asking sentence),

maka Can diletakkan di
depan kalimat.

Someone ● Can he sings a song?



No, he can’t / yes, he

can.
Ability ● Can you come to my


birthday party?

● Can you help me?

● Can you drive a car?

COULD / COULDN’T




Could / couldn’t memiliki arti yang sama dengan can / can’t.


Bedanya could / couldn’t digunakan untuk mengungkapkan masa

lampau.




Pola umum : S + could + V1





Could

• I could swim when I was 5 years old.

• Johnny could climb the mountain when he was young.

• Jeffry could play piano when he was in junior high school

COULD / COULDN’T










COULDN’T INTROGATIVE SENTENCE




• I couldn’t write and read • Could you swim when you
when I was in kindergarten. were little?

• I couldn’t attend the
• Could he comes when I left
concert
yesterday?
• Theo couldn’t play tenis
at all when he was young.

Be able to

• I am able to ride a bicycle
BE ABLE TO / NOT • I was able to ride a bicycle



ABLE TO • I will able to ride a bicycle
• We are able to save black people in my

hometown
Memiliki arti yang sama yakni

untuk mengungkapkan Not able to
kemampuan di masa sekarang, • He will not able to be the president of USA

lalu dan masa depan.
• Irene is not able to come on time

Pola umum : S + to be + able to + V1 • We are not able to continue the journey


Introgative sentence
Untuk kalimat introgative, to
• Are you able to sing well?
be terletak didepan kalimat
• Is he able to play a basketball?

• Is Lucas able to make a delicious

cakes?







Expressing



Willingness



&




Unwillingness






Mengungkapkan kemauan dan ketidakmauan

Expressing

willingness &


unwillingness








Will Would not


Present / masa Past / masa
sekarang. lampau


Will not would


Present / masa Past / masa
sekarang lampau

Will & Will not (won’t)










Rumus = S + will/will not + V1 will




• This cake looks delicious. I will eat
Menyatakan kesediaan it.

(will) dan • I will wash my motorcycle.

ketidaksediaan (will

not/won’t) dimasa Will not / won’t

sekarang.
• I don’t like this cake. I won’t eat it
• The rain is falling. I won’t wash my

motorcycle

Of course, I

Asking someone’s willingness will. I have no
any activities
now.

Will you help me

to do homework,
please?


WILL digunakan untuk
non-formal atau casual.




Biasanya ditujukan
untuk seseorang yang

akrab dengan kita atau

teman sebaya.

Would / Would not (wouldn’t)








WOULD
Rumus = S + would/would not + V1

• Jeno was a really kind person. He would

always help anyone in any situation. Digunakan untuk menyatakan

• On Sunday, my parents would take me to kemauan atau ketidakmauan

dance school. yang sudah terjadi atau

terjadi di masa lalu.

Would not / Wouldn’t
Would juga digunakan untuk

• My brother always helped me to menyatakan kalimat dengan

cleaning the room but he wouldn’t wash polite (sopan)
the dishes

Asking someone’s willingness

using would


Sure, I will
Excuse me sir,
would you teach teach you.
me about this
Digunakan untuk bertanya lesson?

kepada orang yang baru kita

kenal atau orang yang lebih

tua.
WOULD digunakan untuk

menyatakan kalimat yang

sopan dan untuk kondisi
yang formal.