writing & completing report proposal_compressed

Komunikasi Bisnis

Writing & Completing
Reports & Proposal

Dikutip dari: Business Communication Essentials, Fourth Edition, by Courtland L. Bovée and John V. Thill. Published by
Prentice Hall. Copyright © 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc.
[email protected]

.

Write: adapt to your audience

• The you attitude: menggunakan sudut pandang pembaca
• Message tone
• Journalism style: menekankan objektivitas , menghindari

pendapat pribadi , dan membangun argumen dengan fakta
• Cultural awareness

Write: compose the message

Pilih kata-kata terbaik, menulis kalimat yang efektif, dan
mengembangkan koherensi paragraf.
Report terdiri dari 3 bagian
• Introduction
• Body
• Conclusion

Composing Reports
and Proposals

Introduction Body Closing

Report Context Presentation Main Points
Benefits
Subject/Purpose Analysis Structure

Main Ideas Interpretation Action Items

Overall Tone Support

Consistency Interpret Images Emphasis

Contrast Visual Convention
Literacy

Balance Create Images Simplicity

Pick the Right Visuals

Data and
Information

Concepts
and Ideas

The Parts of a Table

Multicolumn Head*

Subhead Subhead Subhead Subhead Column
Head
Row head XXX XXX XX
Row head XX
Subhead XX XXX XX
Subhead XX XXX XX XX
Total XXX XXX XX XX
XX

Source: (In the same format as a text footnote).
*Footnote (for explanation of elements in the table).

Line and Surface Charts

100% Trends
80%

60% Variables

40%

Relationships

2006 2007 2008 2009

Home Game Ticket Sales

Average Per Game 90,000
80,000
70,000 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
60,000
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000

0
2003

Other Students Families Alumni Staff

Using Bar Charts

Compare Items
Show Changes
Indicate Composition
Show Relative Sizes

CommuniCo
Staff Computer Skills

100% East
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%

E-mail Instant Graphics Spread Desktop Database HTML/XML
Message Sheets Publish Develop

CommuniCo Employee Training
Costs

Head Count 16,000 $8,000 Training Costs
14,000 $7,000
12,000 $6,000
10,000 $5,000
$4,000
8,000 $3,000
6,000 $2,000
4,000 $1,000
2,000 $0

0

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Head Count
Training Costs

Using Pie Charts

The Number of Slices
Logical Arrangement
Contrasting Colors
Numbers or Percents

Flow Chart of the Report Writing Process

Keyboard First Next
Input Hard Copy Hard Copy

Yes Edit Edit OK? Yes

Add? Keyboard No Submit
Input/Edit Report
No Keyboard
Style and Input/Edit
Style and Spelling
Spelling

Completing: revising

• Content
• Readability
• Organization
• Style and Tone

Completing: producing formal report

• Bagian pendahuluan (prefatory part)
• Isi Laporan (text of report)
• Bagian tambahan (supplementary part)

The Prefatory Parts

Cover Title Fly Title Page

Letter of Letter of Table of
Authorization Transmittal Contents

List of Synopsis or Executive
Illustrations Abstract Summary

The Text of the Report

Introduction
Body

Closing

Supplementary Parts

Appendixes
Bibliography

Index

Proofreading

Inconsistencies
Errors and Omissions

Missing Elements

Distribution of
Reports and Proposals

Physical Electronic Web-Based

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