Chaah New Village 三合港新村

Cha‟ah New Village
三合港新村 :

An Unique „Rural‟ Cultural Landscape in Malay(si)a
- Colonial Planning Idea with Community Architecture

Historical Data Documentation
Cha‟ah NV, Johor in 2021 (70 years after formation)

Chaah New Village Shared Built Heritage
established on 27 Aug 1951 Intangible Cultural Heritage

Prepared by Ar. Dr. GOH Ai Tee (dated 27 Nov 2021) Supported by

Chair, ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group
Board Member, ICOMOS Malaysia (2020-2022)
Vice President, ICOMOS International Scientific Committee Shared Built Heritage (2021-2023)

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG)

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

The Cha‟ah “New Village” scheme is one of the earliest examples adopting the Site
and Services approach to provide adequate housing for squatter in Malaya between

1948 to 1960.

From “Squatter Housing” to “Concentrated Camp” to “New Village”.

It was introduced by British Government as added strategies during the “Emergency”,
under the Briggs Plan to defeat communist.

In 1954, a total of 576,000 persons (86% Chinese, 9% Malay, 4% Indian and 1% Others)
were relocated to 480 resettlement sites throughout Malaya. It is one of the move towards

winning of „Hearts and Minds” included steps towards preparing the Federation of

Malaya for independence.

In 2002 survey, there are about 1.25 million people (82% Chinese, 13% Malay, 4% Indian
and 1% Others) or roughly 21% Chinese population in 450 NVs in Malaysia.

Over period of 70 years, the evolution and development of the “self-help” schemes

(commercial, residential and religion buildings) within the NVs inevitably become showcase

of “community architecture” for sub-urban and rural areas. The traditional way
of life - cultural and religious practices, clan association
relationships, dialects speaking are still very much maintain and present in

amongst Chinese villagers within these 450NVs in Malaysia.

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

 State : Johor
 District : Segamat
 Nearest town : Labis (16 km away)

 Local Authority Yong Peng (27 km away)
 Area (hectares) * Batu Pahat (80 km away)
 Year established : Majlis Daerah Labis

: 76.013
: 1951

 Total number of households (2000) ** : 840
 Average household size ** : 4.0

Ethnic group 1991 % 2000 %
** No. No.
69.2 67.9
Chinese 3,210 15.9 2,299 19.1
Malay 738 13.1 645 10.7
Indian 607 361
Others 83 1.8 79 2.3
Total 100 100
4,638 3,384

Age group (2000) ** Male Female Total
0 – 14 497 503 1,000
15 – 64 997 2,053
142 1,056
65 and above 189 331
1,636 3,384
Total 1,748
%
 Poverty rate % 0
34
 very poor 10 34
17
 poor 10 0
15
 average 75

 rich 5

 Land tenure type (residential)
 TOL
 30 year lease
 60 year lease
 99 year lease
 freehold
 others : no grant, govt land, grant under

process

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Part 1: 1840 to 1920

• Cha‟ah Village developed under Kangchu System in Johor
• Kangchu and Gambir Plantation along river and link to Batu Pahat
• River as major transportation system

Part 2: 1921 to 1949

• The growth of Cha‟ah Village resulting from the development of inner land of Johor for plantation
• The construction of main trunk road linking Singapore to Kuala Lumpur through Cha‟ah Village
• The foreign investment (SOCFIN) in large scale plantation (Johor Labis Estate) surrounding Cha‟ah Village since 1930
• Development of JLE housing, air field, golf course, French Church and locomotive for export of Oil Palm from the estate
• More Job opportunity resulting from the Plantation Growth
• WWII and safety of villagers since 1948

Part 3(A): 1950 to 1969

• Resettlement: The negotiation between villagers and resettlement of entire Cha‟ah Village in 1951
• Spatial Design - Briggs Plan 1951
• The Omnipresence of Government Agents : district officer (DO), assistance district officer (ADO), resettlement officer (RS), Chinese Affair

Officer (CAO), Assistant Chinese Affairs Officers (ACAO) and new village headmen in charge of daily administration
• The development of Community based institutions: Village Committee later known as Local Councils (administrative organization); Home

Guard unit (self-defence organization); the MCA )political party); co-operatives, missionary bodies and voluntary organizations such as the
British Red Cross Society and the St John Ambulance Brigade. Other social organizations include Boy Scouts and Girl Guides
• Education System: SRJK(C) Cha‟ah - Malaysianization

Part 3(B): 70 years after the resettlement

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

PART 1

1840 to 1920
• Cha‟ah Village developed under Kangchu System in Johor
• Kangchu and Gambir Plantation along river and link to Batu Pahat
• River as major transportation system

Chaah New Village Shared Built Heritage
established on 27 Aug 1951 Intangible Cultural Heritage

Prepared by Ar. Dr. GOH Ai Tee (dated 13 July 2021) Supported by

Chair, ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group
Board Member, ICOMOS Malaysia (2020-2022)
Vice President, ICOMOS International Scientific Committee Shared Built Heritage (2021-2023)

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG)

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

1898 Mid-19th Century (1840) to 1920

• Chinese from China (Guangzhou – Teochew) were invited by Johor State Government to develop the land

for gambier in 1840s with land title (Kangchu) issued on 9 Oct 1844
• Sg Cha‟ah connect to Sg Simpang Kiri and then to Batu Pahat.
• 1885 – Johor accept a British Console
• 1914 –„Console‟ to „General Advisor‟
• 1917 – abolished Kangchu System
• Lands were subsequently measured in 1920 and land titles were then issued to respective land developers

1913 Sungai
Cha‟ah

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Chia Swee Yong, descendent of Supported by
Kangchu at Cha‟ah.
The registered Kangchu owners are
Chia Too Tee and Chia Ah Kwang
Chia Ah Kwa was the Kangchu.

Above: Chia family house (on stilt) taken in
1940s, located beside Sg. Cha‟ah and in front
the Chinese Old Temple in Cha‟ah

The house was burn down during WWII, what
is left behind only part of the brick and cement
staircase

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG)

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

The Straits Times, 20 December 1939, Page 11 Supported by

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG)

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

PART 2

1921 to 1949
• The growth of Cha‟ah Village resulting from the development of inner

land of Johor for plantation
• The construction of main trunk road linking Singapore to Kuala Lumpur

through Cha‟ah Village
• The foreign investment (SOCFIN) in large scale plantation (Johor Labis

Estate - JLE) surrounding Cha‟ah Village since 1930
• Development of JLE housing, air field, golf course, French Church and

locomotive for export of Oil Palm from the estate
• More Job opportunity resulting from the Plantation Growth
• WWII
• safety of villagers since 1948 – declaration of emergency

Chaah New Village Shared Built Heritage
established on 27 Aug 1951 Intangible Cultural Heritage

Prepared by Ar. Dr. GOH Ai Tee (dated 1 Sept 2021) Supported by

Chair, ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group
Board Member, ICOMOS Malaysia (2020-2022)
Vice President, ICOMOS International Scientific Committee Shared Built Heritage (2021-2023)

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG)

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

1920s:

• The British Government convinced to push for the cultivation of
crops (coffee, tapioca, tea, rubber, coconuts, etc) for the global
market.

• Survey on plantation done and published in 1926

1926/27:
• Garden City Planning Principles promoted by 1st

Town Planner in F.M.S., Charles C. Reade

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Reade return to Britain on The Garden City Idea and Garden City Planning Principles
leave in 1925 and gave a talk
at the Town Planning Institute The Garden City idea was formulated in England by Ebenezer Howard (1850-1928)
based Ebenezer Howard (1898), Tomorrow: a peaceful path to real reform
on his work in Malaya, South Ebenezer Howard (1902), Garden Cities of Tomorrow
Australia; and his visit to some
cities in China, Japan and The catastrophic social and environmental effects of industrialization were playing out in the cities and
America. Having collected and rural towns across the new world. Howard‟s focus was on devising a method of physical planning that would:
researched into Town 1. Improve human environments and particularly urban living and working conditions
Planning related materials, he 2. Allow for people‟s social, cultural, physical, emotional, and aesthetic needs
thereon proceeded to hold the 3. Facilitate opportunities for social interaction to enhance well-being and to foster community living
4. Create healthy, visually harmonious, comfortable and convenient residential and workplace
1st town planning exhibition
1. Kuala Lumpur (1926) environments.
2. Ipoh (1927)
with numerous talks and An internationally accepted approach to modern town planning known as „planning on garden city lines”.
lantern slides shows. 1. Letchworth Garden City (1903) in Hertfordshire, England,
2. Hamstead Garden Suburb (1907). North-west of London. More suitable at suburbs thus the model for garden
suburbs around the world

No set „criteria‟ or „physical manuals‟ were produced but a range of planning and design principles, adopted to suit
local conditions and cultural preferences, informed the design and development of places planned on garden city
lines. The distinctive physical characteristics were meant to contribute to a sense of place and in turn, to residents‟
well-being and contentment with their environs, and to social interaction and community living

Charles Reade (in Australia and Malaysia)
1. Mitcham Garden Suburb (1917), Adelaide, Australia (for the South Austrian GovernmSeonutr)ce: Christine Garnaut (2021)
2. Accepted as 1st Town Planner in F.M.S., based in KL. Key built projects in F.M.S. projects included

a. Imbi Village, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (designed 1922, demolished in 2002)
b. Kuala Kubu Baru, Selangor, Malaysia (designed 1924-26).

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

1926 1930:

The Societe Financiere des Caoutchoucs (Socfin) embarked on an
enormous expansion and planting programme (for both rubber and oil
palms – total 20,510 ha) under the dynamic leadership of RME
Michaux.

No registered Batu Pahat Notes. A New Town Being Built
owner for “…almost in the heart of the jungle, near Labis, a fairly large village
Estate along
the Sg. Cha’ah called Chaah, comprising about 200 attap shophouses, has suddenly
sprung up….soon be declared a town, as the whole land, exept a small
Undeveloped jungle with
fertile land + water source Government reserve, has been bought up for purpose of building
(suitable for Rubber and Oil Palm shops…”

1931 Malaya Tribune, 14 February 1930, Page 3

1931:March,20

Johore Government Gazette that Postal Agencies opened at

Cha‟ah

Kangkar Labis 1932:
Cha’ah
“An innovation in railway transport in Malaya – the 1st bulk
Main trunk road shipment of palm oil by railway tank wagon was made. This
connecting developed and experimented by Socfin at Batang Berjuntai station,
where tank lorries from Socfin estates discharged palm oil by gravity
S‟pore and KL into tank wagons of 10-ton capacity which have been specially
constructed by the F.M.S. Railways for this traffic. This pail oil was sent
Yong Peng to to Port Swettenham, where it was discharged into a tank lighter and
Batu Pahat then pumped into a specially equipped steamer. This method of
transport effects a saving of about £5 a ton on transport in barrels.
Batu
Pahat The Straits Times, 19 May 1932, Pg 11

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) The Straits Times, 9 Jan 1931

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a Supported by
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

1937 1936:
Socfin set up the largest oil palm processing factory in Cha‟ah Johor.

12,074 ha (30,668 acres) – Rubber Plantation then Palm Oil Plantation

Police Socfin’s
Station Largest Oil
1939 Palm Mill

1939 The Straits Times, 20 July 1937, Pg6

A town plan designed for Cha‟ah in 1936, however was executed in full swing in1951 during
resettlement scheme at Cha‟ah .

Singapore Standard, 7 April 1951, Pg 6

1939:

Cha’ah Uptown Sunday Tribute (Singapore), 9 April 1939, Pg2
Cha’ah Downtown
Supported by
New Police Station cost 22,500 at Cha‟ah, Segamat, Johor

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG)
NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

1941 1941:
Land Settlement for “retired” estate workers. An interesting experiment
Road connect o with a Tamil settlement is in progress on the Johor Labis Estate.
Bekok Completed
Land is allotted to each family of old laborers of the estate. Vegetables are grown
Cha’ah with the guidance of demonstration gardening by Chinese….Each family is given
Intanal road half an acre of land and more will be given later, if required. Grazing land of about
network
expanded. 50 acres is available…The houses are of pise-de-terrace type, semi-
Plots for detached, single storey with thatched roofs…Six families Settled
Police Station
and JKR The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser, 19 May 1941, Pg 7
Quarter visible
1942-45 (WW II):
Cha’ah Old
Village built • WW II brought the palm oil industry to its knees, and recovery was slow and
along main road agonizing.
and ribbon
along river (Sg • Demand spiked with the outbreak of the Korean War.
Cha’ah • The Socfin, act in both business and civic sphere of Malaysian lift.
• The company operated a retirement gratuity and with very systematic and good

workers‟ housing schemes

1947:

Tender for Street Light and Night Soil on 15 Oct 1947

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Malaya Tribune, 15 October 1947, Pg2

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a Supported by
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

1957

Labis

Saiding

JLE

Bekok

Club Air JLE
& Field JLE
Golf

JLE

Cha‟ah
NV

Malaysia Map Extracts Labis, 1956-1966 Young Malayans, 8 June 1960 Arkib Negara Malaysia, 2007/0050270W
Source: State Library of New South Wales, under National Archive Singapore)
Supported by
ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG)

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

1957 “JLE transports palm oil Source: Mahendran Kutty (Sofin Group
Berhad Ex-resident at JLE)
by Locomotive from
Labis Factory to Saiding.

This Railway station only
caters for JLE. It was
located after Div. One.
From there it goes the
Port Swettenham (now
Port Klang).

Saiding The oil palm kernels was
packet in gunny sack of
100 Katil per sack.

JLE The SMR rubber is packet Source: Mahendran Kutty (Sofin Group
50 katil per pack and Berhad Ex-resident at JLE)
transported mainly by
Source: Goh Swee Hee, resident at Cha‟ah
lorries to Port.” NV

Divakaran a/l Madhaven,
ex-resident JLE, Cha‟ah

(2021)

Bekok

JLE JLE

Club &

Golf
Air

Field

Cha‟ah Palm Oil Mill 2004:
NV SMR
The Socfin‟s last remaining oil palm in Malaysia with approximately 12,074 ha (30,668 acres) was sold to
JLE
Achi Jaya Plantation Sdn Bhd on 1 June 2004.
Malaysia Map Extracts Labis, 1956-1966
Source: State Library of New South Wales, under National Archive Singapore)

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

JLE Division 2

Labis

JLE
Bekok

JLE Club Air JLE
& Golf Field

SPO & JLE
SMR

Cha‟ah

NV

Malaysia Map Extracts Labis, 1956-1966
Source: State Library of New South Wales, under
National Archive Singapore)

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Declaration of “Emergency” and introduction of identification card registration in 1948

1948 – “Declaration of “Emergency”

Malaya developed into new Cold War between communism
and democracy with it peak in 1948

“Terrorists Fire At Dispatch Rider”

Malaya Tribune, 20 July 1948, Page 1

“FAMILIES SHOT IN SAFETY FLIGHT”

The Straits Times, 22 July 1948, Page 7

“Red Leader Killed”

The Straits Times, 22 July 1948, Page 7

“THREE TERRORISTS KILLED IN JOHORE SWOOPS”

Malaya Tribune, 22 July 1948, Page 2

“DAYLIGHT HOLD-UP OF BUS ON JOHORE MAIN ROAD”

Malaya Tribune, 11 August 1948, Page 1

“24 Held In Police Swoop”

Malaya Tribune, 18 August 1948, Page 1

“GUN GANG KILL TAXI DRIVER”

The Singapore Free Press, 18 August 1948, Page 1

“POLICE KILL 10 TERRORISTS”

The Straits Times, 19 August 1948, Page 1

“47 HELD IN SWOOP BY FEDERATION POLICE”

Malaya Tribune, 20 August 1948, Page 2

“TERROR CHIEFS HELD”

The Straits Times, 20 August 1948, Page 1

“Johore police kill bandit”

The Singapore Free Press, 23 September 1948, Page 8

“BANDIT TRAINING-SCHOOL FOUND IN JUNGLE”

Malaya Tribune, 28 September 1948, Page 3

“3 BANDITS KILLED”

Malaya Tribune, 30 September 1948, Page 1

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Policy – “coercion and enforcement”

1948

“No Rush To Register In Johore”

The Straits Times, 17 November 1948, Page 9
“ASST. MANAGER MURDERED”

The Straits Times, 27 November 1948, Page 1

1949

“Waitress Brutally Murdered”

The Straits Times, 1 January 1949, Page 6

“AWARD FOR AID TO TROOPS”

The Straits Times, 11 January 1949, Page 4

“'Kidnapped By Partner's Bandit Friends' Story,”

The Straits Times, 18 January 1949, Page 5

“POLICE OFFER $2,500 REWARD”

The Straits Times, 21 January 1949, Page 3

“OUT IN CURFEW”

The Straits Times, 13 March 1949, Page 7

“CERTIFICATE FOR JOHORE DOCTOR”

The Straits Times, 13 March 1949, Page 3

“Four Bandit Camps Fired Near Segamat”

Malaya Tribune, 25 March 1949, Page 12

“HAD NO CARD”

The Straits Times, 12 April 1949, Page 4

“FINED FOR MAKING OWN 'MEDICINE”

The Straits Times, 15 May 1949, Page 7

“BANDITS FIRE AT SC”

The Singapore Free Press, 4 August 1949, Page 1

“SICKENING, SAYS BANDIT LETTER”

The Straits Times, 26 August 1949, Page 1

“ONLY TEMPORARY BUT HE WAS FINED”

The Straits Times, 2 October 1949, Page 7

“BANDITS SET FIRE TO SMOKE HOUSE”

Sunday Tribune (Singapore), 25 December 1949, Page 3

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

PART 3A

Chaah New Village 1950 to 1969
established on 27 Aug 1951 • Resettlement: The negotiation between villagers and resettlement of

entire Cha‟ah Village in 1951
• Spatial Design - Briggs Plan 1951
• The Omnipresence of Government Agents : district officer (DO),

assistance district officer (ADO), resettlement officer (RS), Chinese Affair
Officer (CAO), Assistant Chinese Affairs Officers (ACAO) and new village
headmen in charge of daily administration
• The development of Community based institutions: Village Committee
later known as Local Councils (administrative organization); Home Guard
unit (self-defence organization); the MCA (political party); co-operatives,
missionary bodies and voluntary organizations such as the British Red
Cross Society and the St John Ambulance Brigade. Other social
organizations include Boy Scouts and Girl Guides
• Education System: SRJK(C) Cha‟ah - Malaysianization

Shared Built Heritage

Prepared by Ar. Dr. GOH Ai Tee (dated 1 Sept 2021) Intangible Cultural Heritage

Chair, ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group
Board Member, ICOMOS Malaysia (2020-2022)
Vice President, ICOMOS International Scientific Committee Shared Built Heritage (2021-2023)

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Policy – From “coercion and enforcement” in 1950 to a “hearts and minds” 1951

1950 1950:

“Chinese murdered” Policy – From “coercion and enforcement” in 1950 to a “hearts and minds” 1951 approach for British
Govt to defeat the communist insurgency - “resettlement and Regroupment. Lieutenant General Sir
The Singapore Free Press, 23 January 1950, Page 1
Harold Briggs established a Federal Joint Intelligent Advisory Committee in May 1950 with aim
“CINEMA SHOW COST $20” • to coordinate all intelligence activities of the security forces and Civil Department,
• to supervise the collation, evaluation and dissemination of strategic and tactical information, and
The Singapore Free Press, 25 January 1950, Page 5 • to advise the Director of Operations on Emergency intelligence matters.

“POSSESSION OF GUN ALLEGED” It has enable the authorities to implement a vigorous food denial campaign, which combined the

The Straits Times, 3 March 1950, Page 8 disruption of the CPM supply lines with a sustained military effort to seek out and destroy their jungle

“CURFEW CHARGE” cultivation plots.

The Straits Times, 5 March 1950, Page 9

“BANDIT CHIEF IS KILLED”

The Straits Times, 15 March 1950, Page 7

“Placed $20 On Table, Police Said 'Bribe”

The Straits Times, 15 March 1950, Page 8

“MALAYA ARMY MEN CITED”

The Singapore Free Press, 22 March 1950, Page 1

“THREE TRUCKS HELD UP”

The Singapore Free Press, 27 March 1950, Page 1

“TWO LORRIES SET ON FIRE”

Malaya Tribune, 27 March 1950, Page 5

“Dungun Bandit Supplies Cut”

The Straits Times, 28 March 1950, Page 4

“RED POSTERS”

Sunday Tribune (Singapore), 2 April 1950, Page 3

“KONGSI FIRED”

The Singapore Free Press, 8 May 1950, Page 1

“Bandits Bayonet Boy And Strangle Woman”

Malaya Tribune, 7 June 1950, Page 8

“BANDITS KILL ESTATE KEPALA”

Malaya Tribune, 7 June 1950, Page 8

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Briggs Plan : major principles/ guidelines for resettlement outlined on Jan 1951

1950 1951:

“Bandits Strangle Woman Tapper” Briggs sent a memorandum to all the SWECs outlining major guidelines for resettlement in Jan 1951, and in
June 1951, the resettlement programme was in full swing.
The Straits Times, 7 June 1950, Page 7 Resettlement involved 2 processes: Regrouping and Relocation, through 3 main methods
1. Military force
“SUFFOLKS KILL TWO BANDITS” 2. Providing Financing support to rebuild new home in NV
3. To collaborate with MCA in resettling the squatters
The Straits Times, 19 June 1950, Page 5
The major principles/ guidelines for resettlement outlined by Briggs on Jan 1951
“NEW SCHOOL”
1. Where possible, resettlement villages were to be located on main roads or other major
Malaya Tribune, 19 August 1950, Page 2 transportation arteries.

“SHOPS CLOSED” 2. Villagers were to be relocated, wherever possible, on rolling terrain to promote drainage
3. Squatters were to be concentrated into compact villages which were fenced-in and protected by a
The Straits Times, 21 September 1950, Page 7
police post capable of commanding the entire village, most particularly, the village gate
“Shops Told To Close” 4. Villages were to be sited in such a manner as to minimize squatter dislocation, and apart from

Malaya Tribune, 23 September 1950, Page 2 security, the most important aspect to be considered in deciding upon a site had to be the economy of
the future settlers
“Bandits kill Frenchman” 5. Standardised disturbance grants were paid to all squatters forced to vacate their homes and a
subsistence allowance to each individual forced to give up their land or job upon moving to the new site.
The Singapore Free Press, 1 November 1950, Page 1 6. Generally, there should be no more then 6 houses (families) per acre of residential land. This
permitted each family to have a vegetable garden on their house lot if they so desired
1951 7. Sufficient water was to be supplied, either from adjacent towns, or from wells within the village, health
and fire regulations were expected to be observed.
“SHOPS RESTRICTED 8. Amenities such as schools, dispensaries, community centres, et had to be provided as quickly as
possible
The Straits Times, 11 January 1951, Page 5 9. Sufficient agriculture land of good quality was to be provided for all agriculturists forced to abandon
their previous holdings. Agriculturists should have their land situated within 2 to 3 miles of the villages to
“Unregistered guests cost him. $500” enable them to transport manure from their stay in the villages to their fields.
10. Estate workers had to be within 2 miles of their places of employment
The Straits Times, 11 March 1951, Page

“OUT OF DOORS”

The Straits Times, 3 April 1951, Page 7

“SWEET AND SOUR”

Singapore Standard, 7 April 1951, Page 6

“SUNGEI CHAAH SAVED FROM BANDIT MENACE”

Singapore Standard, 12 April 1951, Page 3

“Mission May Aid Federation Squatters”

Singapore Standard, 26April 1951, Page 1

“Church plan to help squatter”

The Straits Times, 27 April 1951, Page 5

“New resettlement area opened in Johore”

The Straits Times, 27 August 1951, Page 5

“North Johore's Food Blockade Hits Segamat Bandits Hard”

The Straits Times, 17 October 1951, Page 12

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Enforcement on resettlement in April 1951 with aim to win “hearts and minds” of the people

Cha‟ah NV that town planning was done in 1936 complied with the guidelines outlined under Briggs Plan!!!

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Grand Opening of New Cha‟ah on 27 August 1951 A Photograph taken at the opening
of Cha‟ah resettlement Johore.
ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG)
NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a Seating (left to right):-
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村 Imam Cha‟ah, Inche Abdul Rahman
Mr I.E. Abbey
Inche Yunos bin Ali
Inche Haron
Mr T.P.Hamilton
Mr D.R.L.Massy Collier
Mr Marrables
O.S.P.C. Segamat
Mr D.I.Goodwin
Administrative Office, Batu Pahat
Mr Leong Yew Chor
Mr De Silva
Inche Othman bin Mohamed
Dr E.A. Heaselett
Towkay Tan Soong Lian
Mr Cheng Chee Ting
Mr Tan Hock Peng

The Straits Times,
27 August 1951, Pg 5

Supported by

Missionaries for New Villages from 1951

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Community based institutions: missionary bodies (education and religion)

1954 – Upon Completion 1954 – Sunday Service 1949:

1951 China Communist took over the government, John Sinton (China Inland Mission – Oversea
Missionary Fellowship) announced at Shanghai to totally evacuated (600+200+ kids) from
1951
China (between 1950 to 1953). Their direction was to propagate at Chinese living in SEA .
Pastor David Day & Left: Margerat Hollad 1951:
Edith Cork - 18 Aug 1970 Phyllis Day 1953 Right: Maud Wilkinson
The China Inland Mission arrived in Malaya in 1951, and the 1st NV to set up Christian
1954 Church was in Cha‟ah NV. British Government pre-arranged for few Christian Hakka
families at Cha‟ah NV before their arrival. Hayden Mellsop and Harold Wik. The
Aug 1952 Group PhoStoource: missionaries - Edith Cork and Winifred Rand arrived on 10 Dec 1951.
– Cha‟ah Christian Church (50 years anniversary Book)
1952:
Front Middle: Edith Cork
After set up Clinic at Cha‟ah NV, Dr. & Mrs Pearce, Sommerville joint the China Inland
ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Mission (Oversea Missionary Fellowship) at Cha‟ah NV for propagation. In 1953, there were
about 880 villagers (approx. 20% ) get his consultation as it is with no charge or low charge.

1953:

Pastor David Day & Phyllis Day arrived in 1953. They stayed next to diesel generator -
Current church site.

1954:

The China Mainland Mission promotes idea of self-help, self-sustain, self-propagation.
Thus, no funding from external source for Church building. The villagers to build based on
their desired and needs. Due to lack of funding, the church building, which is located at the
present Church site, was designed by Pastor David Day and constructed by villagers using
more affordable and locally available building materials.
The Church completed on Jan 1954, whereby the Sunday Service and other services for
local community able to offer. As the mission of the group is self-sustained -to let the local to
take lead. David Day & Phyllis Day left Cha‟ah NV on Oct 1957.

1960s:

The Oversea Missionary Fellowship (China Mainland Mission) last Pastors at Cha‟ah were
Margeret Holand and Maud Wilkinson.
Subsequently, the Cha‟ah Christain Church is self-managed by villagers (Han Sin Hua and
Zhen Yu Fa). As explained by Marvin H Dunn, the earliest local Church that able to self-
sustained.

2021:

Continue to provide good pre-school education to local (Chinese, Malay, Indian) community

Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

High Commissioner Sir Gerald Templer renamed them “New Village” in 1952

1952 1952:

“BROKE CURFEW” Lieutenant General Sir Harold Briggs retired.
High Commissioner Templer renamed them “New Village”
The Straits Times, 4 April 1952, Page 9
“WHISPERS_ DRAMATIC NEW MOVE” - Promote idea that resettlement was part of modernizing and developing communities, providing
then with superior standard of living compared to their previous „unsanitary” squatter house.
The Straits Times, 11 May 1952, Page 1
- To win the „Minds and Heart‟ of the Chinese Villagers
“Headmen to fly to K.L.”

The Straits Times, 12 May 1952, Page 5

“THE VILLAGE SECRETS ARE POURING IN”

The Straits Times, 13 May 1952, Page 1

“$16,500 gift to school fund”

The Straits Times, 20 May 1952, Page 4

“ONE LARGE BANDIT CAMP WAS FOUND”

The Straits Times, 4 June 1952, Page 6

“Missionaries for new villages”

The Straits Times, 13 May 1952, Page 1

“M.C.A. BUILDS HOMES FOR OLD FOLK”

The Straits Times, 15 June 1952, Page 5

“RESTRICTED 'FOOD AREAS”

The Straits Times, 5 July 1952, Page 5

“NO REPLY, SO HE WAS SHOT DEAD”

The Singapore Free Press, 10 July 1952, Page 5

“RESTRICTED AREAS”

The Straits Times, 20 July 1952, Page 9

“122 ESTATE SCHOOLS”

The Straits Times, 13 August 1952, Page 4

“ALL-OUT WAR AGAINST JOHORE REDS”

The Straits Times, 1 November 1952, Page 6

“WOMAN RED BOSS KILLED”

The Straits Times, 2 November 1952, Page 11

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

High Commissioner Sir Gerald Templer „s dramatic new move in 1952

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Cha‟ah NV will be the 1st out of 39 villages to elect a council on 11 Feb 1953 Supported by

1952

“SHE DESERTED HER HUSBAND”
The Straits Times, 3 November 1952, Page 5

“JOHORE TRUNK ROAD CLOSED”
The Straits Times, 9 November 1952, Page 1

“Templer drops in on the Red hot trouble spots”

The Straits Times, 13 November 1952, Page 1

“PLANTER, IN RED AMBUSH, HITS BACK, ESCAPES”

The Straits Times, 11 December 1952, Page 7

1953

“French medal for Malayan planter”

The Singapore Free Press, 15 January 1953, Page 5

“39 villages will rule themselves”

The Straits Times, 2 February 1953, Page 7

“8 REDS DIE IN TRAP”

The Straits Times, 20 February 1953, Page 1

“Training ended with 'camp fire„”

The Straits Times, 6 April 1953, Page 7

“Firms back up Sir Gerald”

The Straits Times, 11 June 1953, Page 7

“Goh Sing Liang Killed on 16.06.1953 at Ma Kao Kang Estate,
Labis by Bandits”

Arkib Negara Malaysia, 1957/0637376W

”11 MORE BANDITS OUT OF ACTION”

The Straits Times, 17 August 1953, Page 1

“Security forces head for record bag this month”

The Straits Times, 18 August 1953, Page 7

“Two constables awarded medal”

The Straits Times, 1 December 1953, Page 8

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG)

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

For administrative at rural areas, a sub-district at Labis was created in 1954

1954

“TERROR OF LABIS' SHOT DEAD”

The Straits Times, 9 February 1954, Page 3

“Pahang Red shot dead”

The Straits Times, 16 February 1954, Page 1

“Bringing the Govt. closer”

The Straits Times, 9 March 1954, Page 7

“REDS STOP BUS ON TRUNK ROAD”

The Straits Times, 12 June 1954, Page 7

“Bandit victims are named”

The Straits Times, 6 August 1954, Page 4

“Ammunition was found in home of teenagers”

The Straits Times, 21 December 1954, Page 7

300 acres farm land Supported by
dedicated for villagers open
for application, at $50/ acre

Cha‟ah Co-operative
Farming Society Limited
registered on 12 Nov 1954

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG)

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Cha‟ah NV declared as “White Area” in 1958

1955:

“Boyd tours bandit 'black spots”

The Straits Times, 26 August 1955, Page 5

“Champion bandit killer traps 2 Reds and brings his score up
to 8”

The Straits Times, 7 November 1955, Page 1

“Joint effort”

The Straits Times, 15 December 1955, Page 5

1956:

“Cha'ah election result”

The Straits Times, 8 February 1956, Page 4

“New post office”

The Straits Times, 5 July 1956, Page 4

“Home Guard promotion”

The Straits Times, 8 September 1956, Page 4

1957:

“KOMUNIS BUNOH ASHKAR”

Berita Harian, 9 October 1957, Page 1

“RED AMBUSH_ CIVILIAN IS KILLED”

The Straits Times, 9 October 1957, Page 1

1958:

“BIG NEW AREA IN JOHORE NOW 'WHITE„”

The Singapore Free Press, 27 August 1958, Page 1

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Development - Johore to spend $10m on development in 1961

1959:

Choice of Mentri will be left to Tengku after Alliance meeting”

The Straits Times, 12 June 1959, Page 4

“France's contribution to the building of rubber trade”

The Straits Times, 11 October 1959, Page 17

“KEMENANGAN PERIKATAN DI-CHA'AH”

Berita Harian, 19 December 1959, Page 5

1960

“Iron mines get the go-ahead”

The Straits Times, 8 February 1960, Page 7

“TOUR AFTER THE CORONATION”

The Straits Times, 8 February 1960, Page 4

“$4,720 grant for village playground”

The Singapore Free Press, 14 May 1960, Page 5

“Young Malayans, 8 June 1960”

Arkib Negara Malaysia, 2007/0050270W

“P-raya kechil”

Berita Harian, 14 November 1960, Page 5

“65 TO FIGHT FOR 30 SEATS”

The Straits Times, 17 December 1960, Page 13

“Victory for Alliance”

The Straits Times, 19 December 1960, Page 18

“Johore to spend $10.m. on development in '61”

The Singapore Free Press, 21 December 1960, Page 11

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Development –Health facility, land allocation, rural electricity, premix road construction

1961

“JALAN BARU (500 BATU) UTK JOHOR”

Berita Harian, 16 November 1961, Page 2

1962

“91 majlis tempatan Johor akan direbut dalam p-raya bulanMay”

Berita Harian, 15 April 1962, Page 10

“GOVT. AWARE OF MISHAPS AT BAILEY BRIDGE”

The Straits Times, 10 June 1962, Page 2

“Ketua kampong berkursus”

Berita Harian, 24 November 1962, Page 8

1963

“NEARLY 9,000 ACRES FOR 900 LANDLESS FAMILIES”

The Straits Times, 21 November 1963, Page 5

“Atlas Ice diversifies its activities”

The Straits Times, 27 December 1963, Page 18

1964

“Desak JKR”

Berita Harian, 11 February 1964, Page 7

“UMNO Cha'ah mahu jalan di-perbaiki”

Berita Harian, 12 February 1964, Page 2

“Banjir_ 2,000 terancham”

Berita Harian, 2 March 1964, Page 1

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Development Exhibition in 1968

1965

“Minister of Health for four-day Johore tour”

The Straits Times, 11 February 1965, Page 7

“RURAL ELECTRICITY”

The Straits Times, 21 June 1965, Page 8

“Labis lights”

The Straits Times, 17 July 1965, Page 10

1966

“PEKEBUN2 KECHIL DI-BERI KURSUS GETAH”

Berita Harian, 9 March 1966, Page 6

1968

“1,000 are evacuated as floods hit Johore again”

The Straits Times, 1 January 1968, Page 1

”License for Supply of Electricity”

The Straits Times, 23 March 1968

“PENDUDOK2 CHA'AH UCHAPKAN T_KASEH KAPADA
KERAJAAN”

Berita Harian, 26 September 1968, Page 8

“Pameran Kemajuan”,

Berita Harian, 29 September 1968, Page 2

1969

“Tender Notice for SM Cha‟ah”

Berita Harian, 23 May 1969, Page 8

“Expanding water bill for one person”

The Straits Times, 16 June 1969, Page 10

“Belia Chaah”

Berita Harian, 11 July 1969, Page 9

“Pekebun minta kilang kelapa sawit”

Berita Harian, 27 November 1969, Page 8

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Spatial Design: Briggs Plan ??? 1957

To
Labis

Cha‟ah NV

To Sg. 1960
Cha‟ah Socfin‟s Largest Palm Oil Mill IN SEA
Source: Cha‟ah NV Working YGoronugp)
Peng G.S.A Socfin Maturated Rubber = Rubber
(6 ac)
Cha‟ah Processing Factory

NV 1960

Government Civic Buildings Kg Cha‟ah NV
1939: Police Station Built Jawa
1947: P.W.D Workers Housing Quarter Workshop
1952: Old Folk Home (MCA) Malaysia Map Extracts Labis, 1956-1966 - 4 rows single storey & store
1956: Post Office Source: State Library of New South Wales, under National Archive - 2 rows double storey
1965: Public Health Clinic Singapore) - 2 shops Palm Oil
Services: - Tamil School Mill
1961-5: Water Supply
1961: Tar road Mechanical, Railway line
1965: 12 hrs Electricity Supply Engineering and
1968: 24 hrs Electrical supply Transportation Rubber Processing
Others: Factory &
1950: Religious school Packing Socfin
1951: Chinese Primary School Maturated Rubber
1959: Tamil Primary School

Source: Mahendran Kutty (Sofin Group Berhad Ex-resident at JLE)

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Community based institution: Co-operatives

To Cha‟ah Socfin (Johor Labis Estate)
Labis Low Cost Palm Oil Processing Mill
Housing Socfin Maturated Rubber
In 1970 (Processing Factory)

G.S.A Kg Melayu
Kg Jawa 2

Cha‟ah Cha‟ah NV 300 acres farm land
Police Station dedicated for villagers open
PWD Quarter Kg for application, at $50/ acre
Post Office Jawa
Health Centre Cha‟ah Co-operative
300 acres Farming Society Limited
Cha‟ah registered on 12 Nov 1954
Low Cost farm land
Housing Cha‟ah NV What are the products by
In 2000 individual farmers in 2021?
What can be for future for
To Land title issued on 1972 these farms?
Yong (21 years) Potential collaboration
Peng with govt on technology
Source: Secretary, Koperasi Cha‟ah and Oversea Market for
Kg Kangkar Berhad better return in income?
formerly known as Cha‟ah Co-operative
Farming Society Limited )

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Economic Growth: Population increased and Mixed at Cha‟ah NV

Surname and Places of Origin, China:

How many surname we have in Cha‟ah NV?

Cha‟ah NV (2021)

1. Hakka 400+
2. Kwangxi 300+
3. Fujian 100+
4. Hainan 100+
5. Teochew <100
6. Fuzhou <10

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) History of Clan associations…
History of local religious place…
NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a Clans vs traditional foods…
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村
Supported by

Early Houses (1950s-1970s) with central courtyard/ airwell with well for household use

House Lot title House with Internal
within the Cha‟ah Courtyard and generally
NV issued in 1962
with an airwell?
Sense of Ownership Sustainable
Moving towards
Malaysianisation Development Goal?

• Our old family house was location in the plantation, and much smaller in Supported by
size. The well and toilet were outside the house.

• The 1st family house at Cha‟ah NV in 1951 located at Jalan Othman. Lot
size 60‟x120‟ and was constructed by my Grandfather using materials
from old house (from farm and some materials given by govt). The house
with internal courtyard (well and airwell).

• In 1960s, we moved to 2nd family house at Jalan George (now Jalan Dato
Bendara Luar. Lot size 60‟x120‟ purchased in 1960s from other villager. It
was constructed by local contractor based on modification from standard
design. House with internal courtyard (well and air well) – total 8 bedooms
for extended family

• The 3rd family house at Jalan Tsi You Cha‟ah NV purchased and
renovated in 2017 to suit our family members‟ fengshui requirements. The
house constructed end 1990s. size approx 120‟x60‟. As there are already
electricity and water supply, this house designed without the internal
courtyard.

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG)

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Education System: SRJK(C) Cha‟ah - Malaysianization

1930s 1956

1963

English Afternoon Class for Adult Early version of the Certificate for
Estalished in Cha‟ah NV for graduate from Cha‟ah School with
teenager and adult development record of origin (TeoChew,
- Part of Nation Building Guangdong) in 1950s

Program System evolved into SJK (C) in 1960s
with more Malaysian ideology as
History of schools… Nation Building but still maintaining
the important of language and culture

Development of education system

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

PART 3B

2021

• 70 years after the resettlement

Chaah New Village Shared Built Heritage
established on 27 Aug 1951 Intangible Cultural Heritage

Prepared by Ar. Dr. GOH Ai Tee (dated 1 Sept 2021) Supported by

Chair, ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group
Board Member, ICOMOS Malaysia (2020-2022)
Vice President, ICOMOS International Scientific Committee Shared Built Heritage (2021-2023)

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG)

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Cha‟ah Bus and Taxi Station Cha‟ah Pos Office Cha‟ah Community Hall Cha‟ah Village Representative Centre
Cha‟ah Police Station
Cha‟ah Rela/ Fire Department Government Civic Buildings and Public Transport Station Cha‟ah Old Folk Home

Cha‟ah Columbarium Centre

Cha‟ah Health Clinic Cha‟ah Wet Market

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by
NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Cha‟ah Farmer‟s Recreational Centre Hokkian Association Buddhist Association (Phor Tor Festival) Tai Chi Chuan Association Cha‟ah branch

Hakka Association Clan Associations and Community Centres MIC Cha‟ah branch

Hainan Assoiation MCA Cha‟ah branch

Kwangxi Association Buddhist Temple Hakka Association Community Hall

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Sek Agama Cha‟ah Tadika Fokus Ilmu Berjaya SJK(T)Cantuman Cha‟ah- Madrasah Quwwatul Islam Cha‟ah
SMK Cha‟ah- SJK(C) Cha‟ah
Education Facilities Tadika Berkat Ilmu
Tadika Pasti Nur Iman 3
SK Seri Bali
Supported by
SMK Seri Bali

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG)
NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Taoist Temple – Hong Xian Gong (New) Masjid Jamek Cha‟ah Catholic – Tamil Methodist Church Buddhist Temple – Shung Hee To

Kuil – Tiruchendur Murugan Religious Buildings Taoist Temple – Liu Ren Fa Tan

Taoist Temple – Fa Nan Gong Catholic - Church of St Anthony
Protestant – Cha‟ah Christian Church
Taoist Temple – Hong Xian Gong (Old)
Supported by
ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG)
NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Commercial Buildings

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Light and Heavy Industrial Buildings

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Residential Buildings

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by

NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村

Green belt (Main Trunk Road) Village Green Field - soccer Green belt Village Green Field – Children Playground
Jalan Labis and Cha‟ah NV Jalan Kilang and Cha‟ah NV
Village Green Field – Children Playground
Village Green Field – Basketball Garden City Planning Ideas and Principles and Sepak Takraw

Green belt (Main Trunk Road) Green belt :
Jalan Labis and Cha‟ah NV Jalan Penghulu Yunus and Cha‟ah NV

Green belt (Main Trunk Road) Green belt :
Jalan Labis and Cha‟ah NV Sungai Cha‟ah and Cha‟ah NV

ICOMOS Malaysia New Village Working Group (NVWG) Supported by
NVWG#2: A melting pot of built form and culture in the rural areas in Malay(si)a
Case Study 1: Cha‟ah New Village三合港新村