Apr2017

March 2017 Skill Power 3

4 Skill Power March 2017

In this issue

SKILL POWER April 2017

3 Foreword

4 Letters to Editor

6 3D Printing: The Next
Revolution

8 From Industry 4.0 to 10 23
Energy 4.0 14

10 Industry 4.0: The Skill
Challenges Ahead

12 A handy information
about Industry 4.0

14 Exclusive interview with
Mr. George Kuruvilla

20 Indian Manufacturing
Industries: Challenges and
Present Prospective

23 Common Transmission 26
Infrastructure for Co-
location of FM transmitters

26 News & Events

6

April 2017 Skill Power 5

3D PRINTING
The Next Revolution

By Tanuj Taneja
Boulevard
[email protected]

With the importance of compared to just showing the school, office and manufacturing
technology growing in pictorial representations of objects. labs. The technology helps in
the education sector, 3D evaluating ideas that can be printed
printing is fuelling limitless creativity 3D printers can be used in home, quickly by a student using easy to
among students. use open-source CAD software via
The technology a Browser or download 3D print files
To enrich teaching across STEM helps in evaluating available on the Internet in open-
(Science, Technology, Engineering ideas that can be source communities.
and Mathematics) and Design printed quickly by
subjects, there are innovative ways 3D printing technology is turning
of using 3D printers as a technology a student using out to be an effective means for
to help teach subjects in a much easy to use open- classrooms, where students are
more engaging and interactive way. source CAD software
Some education institutions are via a Browser or
still in the early stage of adopting download 3D print
this new innovative technology, files available on the
but 3D printing has the ability to Internet in open-
revolutionise education in a holistic source communities.
manner.

Also known as Additive
Manufacturing, the technology
provides teachers with three
dimensional visual aids to use in the
classroom while illustrating methods
but also makes it easy for them to
seize the interest of the students

6 Skill Power April 2017

undertaking real world learning Also known as Additive Boulevard based in Delhi provide 3D
experiences to be better prepared for Manufacturing, the Printing School kits and it is a first of
tomorrow’s challenges. It nurtures technology provides its kind in India. 3D Printing is a great
creativity, satisfies intellectual teachers with three way for schools to really engage their
curiosity and inspires students dimensional visual students in the learning process
to invent, design and engineer. It aids to use in the and offer advanced possibilities for
encourages new ideas, helps them classroom while a variety of disciplines. Every school
bring things to life, and create real illustrating methods would need to integrate 3D printing
objects that model the innovations but also makes it to prepare next generation for their
with high accuracy, fine detail and future careers.
moving parts. easy for them to seize
the interest of the 3D Printing is changing School
Tomorrow’s engineers, designers students compared education in many different areas.
and problem solvers deserve every to just showing the The most obvious applications are
tool available to build a brilliant pictorial in the prototyping capabilities useful
future. representations of for Engineering, Medical, Fashion,
objects. Architecture and Art students. More
A recent pilot project conducted disciplines where 3D Printing adds
in the UK demonstrated how new regimen for psychiatric patients value are:
and emerging technologies such as for some time, and has recently • Historical artefacts can be
the 3Doodler (3D Pen) can enhance, been expanded to include medical
shape and influence an educational patients. This new art therapy printed to be investigated without
setting in a variety of ways as well as program is funded entirely by donors. worrying about damaging the
encourage students to take on new original piece or a landmark which
challenges. The program specifically Jennifer Bassin is an art therapist is located remotely.
highlighted how the 3Doodler 3D at SickKids. Her background includes • An extra dimension can be
Pen can be used to: a Master’s degree in counselling added to the artwork of Graphic
• Incentivise performance amongst and a background in psychology. Designers.
She doesn’t consider herself an • 3D prints of skulls and all other
students, artist; rather, she considers art bones can be used by Biology
• Diversify teaching methods within and the making of art as a tool that students.
allows children to address difficult • Chemistry students can 3D print
the classroom, challenges in a controlled way. molecular structures to support
• Stimulate kinaesthetic and visual their learning process.
Indian companies like 3D • Engineering and Computer
learners, Science students can design
• Enhance the performance of prototype to test their creation.
3D printing has been evolving very
divergent thinkers, rapidly in last couple of years. The
• Improve concentration amongst printers are getting more advanced,
cheaper and make use of several
students, including those with materials like ABS (Acrylonitrile
ADHD and Butadiene Styrene), PLA (Poly Lactic
• Level the playing field between Acid), LayWood - Wood Composite
male and female students, Filament, Metal Composite, Con-
especially in the sciences. ductive Filament, Carbon Fibre
At The Hospital for Sick Children Composite, Nylon, HIPS - High
(SickKids) in Toronto, art therapy Impact Polystyrene, Soft PLA,
has been a part of the treatment Flexible Filament, Neon & Glow in the
Dark Filament, Limestone, LayBrick
and many more.
3D printing is a disruptive
technology and will see a huge impact
on manufacturing, logistics, and
healthcare. Niche applications like
arts and crafts, interior decoration,
fashion accessories, footwear
designs, jewellery designs, animation
& gaming, customised footwear
designs, furniture and modelling
have potential as well. If anyone
has interest in learning and taking a
workshop, I suggest you contact 3D
Boulevard at [email protected].

April 2017 Skill Power 7

From Industry 4.0 to

ENERGY 4.0

By Bhushan Pagar
EnergySolution Labs Pvt. Ltd.
[email protected]

Industry 4.0, or the Fourth Industrial of any country is directly affected The next trend of automation
Revolution, is set to revolutionize by the growth spur of industrial and manufacturing industries in the
the manufacturing and production organizations which in turn rely on case of data exchange technology
industry by integrating the the energy profusion. is Industry 4.0. The premise is to
Internet of Things (IoT), Cloud
Computing, Data Integration and Fig. 2
other technological advances
into the heart of production and
manufacturing systems. With most
of the industries looking forward to
becoming “smart industry” the need
for energy efficiency has become
consequential.

Energy is the key metrics for any
geography, especially, the countries
that are developing from an economic
point of view. It has been observed
that the industrial development has
played a crucial role in the context of
the global economic empowerment.
Overall the economic ameliorating

8 Skill Power April 2017

take all the individual processes and Energy is the key is highly scalable at any point of
computing that factory machines metrics for any time, there is no worry about the
perform in their siloed systems geography, especially, increment of the data in long run. The
and import them into the cloud, the countries that data is optimized through multiple
meaning the workflow, upkeep, and are developing algorithms. The fast response time
management of each individual from an economic to the query made is achieved by
machine and series of machines can point of view. It optimized data management on the
be done remotely. has been observed cloud.
that the industrial
Our product, marc.energy follows development has The cloud storage system is
the trend of industry 4.0. It is equipped played a crucial role redundant in nature and takes care
to communicate with the connected in the context of the of the failure in the server. It is also
sensor through the internet. It is global economic tolerant to the faults occurring on
cloud based next generation energy empowerment. the storage cloud server.
data analytics platform for demand 4. Front-end interface: The data
side management of energy loads connect with the cloud, the bridge analytics can be accessed on
and process parameter monitoring. has the connectivity options of LAN Mobile, tablet, laptop or desktop
It is designed to handle quantitative and GSM. The connectivity options with the web browser functionality.
and qualitative data to provide make this device very flexible It is independent of any operating
users with an in-depth analysis as there may be a possibilities system. By entering web address
and insight into their load systems of unavailability of LAN at some on the browser, the portal can be
enabling them with possibilities for location. GSM connectivity makes it assessed which is secured with
optimization, energy OPEX savings, truly wireless. username and password.
and building efficiency in their load
networks. Extending the features of data The user interface is responsive
bridge, it has an internal storage and app-like on all the devices,
It works on the principle of memory of 8 GB which saves the offers high end features such as
collecting data from a multiple data in real-time and simultaneously customized dashboard.The data is
hardware sensors and analysing uploads to the cloud server. The visualized in real-time direct from
the data through the designed storage function works on FIFO the sensors and also the stored data
algorithms to get the actionable method, similar to CCTV. The storage can be assessed in any point of time
analytics. memory makes sure that even if the in future. All the analog, digital & SLD
connectivity is failed, the data will be views shows the real-time data. The
As shown in the architecture safe and can be pulled through SD smart system also let you know the
(Fig.2), the data travels through card or USB drive. ups and downs of energy in the plant.
four phases. First being the sensor 3. Cloud storage: The cloud storage
i.e. hardware units then the data Using the hi-tech coding methods,
conditioning through data bridge the data analytics can be viewed
(marc.gateway) after that the in multiple format such as graphs,
cloud data storage and finally the tables, gauges, digital reading,
visualization of the data wirelessly on comparison etc.
devices. This process is very smooth
and functions simultaneously in The front end is completely
real-time. Below is the detailed focused on user customization,
explanation to all the four phases: almost all the analytics are viewed
1. Hardware sensors: The hardware and exported as per the user’s
sensors are the energy, pressure, requirement.
flow, temperature or any other
process parameter sensor with the
communication port in its out. These
sensors are connected to the load or
machine used in the organization.
The communication port required
is RS 485 with MODBUS protocol or
Ethernet port. There is no limitation
to the make of sensors used with the
system, there is a full liberty of using
any make sensors as long as the
register map is available from the
manufacturer.
2. Data bridge (marc.gateway):
As the name suggests, this device is
bridge and a gateway between the
sensors and the cloud storage. To

April 2017 Skill Power 9

INDUSTRY 4.0

The Skill Challenges Ahead

By Gayathri

Mankind has always had the restricted to manufacturing The shift from mechanical to
constant urge towards industries, is capable in bringing intellectual abilities has been the
betterment for existence. widespread change across societies defining proposition of information
The journey through civilizations and mankind, in general. This kind and digital era. A large amount of
reflect this power for change as of tectonic shift is bound to affect mundane work, both mechanical
a constant driver. The journey people and their livelihoods. & clerical, slowly disappeared and
to Industrialization began with were taken over by smart systems.
Mechanization by using steam and There has been a distinctive The next wave predicted is to take
water power. This was followed by characteristic with respect to skills that the intellectual capability to a new
Mass Production using electricity as are identifiable with every era of change. high, i.e, enabling things to cull
a new source. Further Automation To start with, Industrial revolution in information by itself through
and Digitization with advancement that built mass producing system sensors, use of artificial intelligence,
in the electronic field led to the required skills which were typically automation and take decision for
present digital era. The next phase mechanical. The next revolution best optimization.
is about Cyber-Physical Systems involving steam energy demanded
enabled by Internet of Things and enhanced speed and efficiency of the Let’s take the simple example
Cloud Computing. The scope of existing mechanical skill. In both these of driving a vehicle. Earlier this was
this revolution, though presently periods the mechanical skills has been a specialized skill that required
predominant. extensive training. Today self-driven

10 Skill Power April 2017

cars are replacing this need in the panels and also knowledge to fix the since skilling is not adequately
western countries.This can become a breakdowns. Over a period of time, spread across the population, by
normal scenario in the days to come. a sub-driver may not be required anticipating the right skilling, future
Machines in the healthcare industries to accompany the truck driver skill requirement can be nurtured
today have been able to diagnose and hence his wage will eventually proactively, while the western
and read through patterns and data increase. To service these new countries may have to re-focus on
and arrive at concrete diagnosis models of vehicles, new service reskilling their workforce. Thirdly, the
which would earlier required skilled stations will need to be developed. present government’s focus on Make
medical practitioners. Similar strides And similarly, a new trainer will be in India in the manufacturing sector
have been emulated in the aviation required to train theses drivers. could help start-ups to integrate
and spacecraft industry. the new trends into their business
Hence, the flip side of this new models. It is likely that by taking the
We are already seeing a quantum wave is that it will create new kinds right proactive steps with proper
leap between the networking of of job opportunities and job roles vision and foresight we can move in
people, machine and data at real- while some of the older ones will taking on the challenges generated
time. A situation which earlier become obsolete. Since the system by the new wave.
would have been defined as being will be highly integrated across
‘fiction’ or ‘figment of imagination’ functions, the job roles will have Future Ready
is getting actualized and grounded. to be re-defined and will require
This change is popularly referred as more complexities to manage the As mentioned earlier, many of the
industry 4.0. cross functionality. The growing present job roles may cease to exist,
use of software, connectivity, and while new roles will be created with
Impact on labour market analytics will increase the demand Industry 4.0. What will be the nature of
for employees with competencies skills required to tackle the situation?
Industry 4.0 is likely to make in software development and IT What kind of new jobs and roles that
in roads in aviation, oil and gas, technologies. Fields such as data will emerge? These are questions that
transportation, power generation standards, data-analysis, system will define the road ahead.
and distribution, manufacturing, securities will see a rise in demand.
healthcare, and mining industries. High order skills that include
Most of these industries have been The lower end jobs will move data processing ability, analytical
labour intensive in nature. It is towards marketing and retailing. thinking, creativity and out of the
estimated that 30% of core skills in The rise in e-commerce and box thinking need to be essentially
these industries will change in the related businesses would require nurtured. These skills need to be
next 3-10 years. manpower with enhanced soft skills nurtured at very young age, hence
that will increase the demand for early intervention will be the best
Some of the skills areas that will consumption and business growth. solutions.
see a churning include -
It will also give rise to individual With increase in complexities
a) highly repetitive nature enterprise systems that will seek of job, it is important that an early
of jobs as seen in factories and support of aggregators to find intervention that integrates the
manufacturing units. business opportunities. Lower end vocational and educational streams
jobs such plumbing, carpentry etc. with cross-over adaptability will
b) supervisory nature of jobs will be run more as an individual bring more desirable results.
including procurement, process and enterprise who will seek the Learning methodologies need to be
quality control. e-commerce support of aggregators designed with equipped trainers to
to reach out to customers. help assimilate the new pedagogy.
c) administrative and clerical Knowledge of cross functionality
nature of work which will become However, areas where machine equipped with the right set of soft
obsolete as things move in real time. cannot replace human interventions skills like team work, partnership and
such as hospitality sectors, personal shared responsibility will largely be
The integrated approach of care, health and hygiene, which the skill requirement of the day.
Internet of things and cyber-physical today may be on the fringe could
system will slowly replace roles of take a centerstage and have more The important stakeholders who
supervision, planning and control people demand. need to get involved in this economic
as they get integrated within the transition will include manufacturers,
system. Hence, a large workforce The Indian scenario suppliers, technology firms,
involved in the these category will government agencies, universities
see a downsize. The new wave is yet to hit the and laboratories. Constant dialogue
Indian market. It is at a very nascent and deliberation amongst these
Take the case of truck -driving. The explorative stage. stakeholders to find avenues for
new models of heavy-vehicle that are interoperable skill exchange need be
arriving in the market are far superior Our country has an edge compared encouraged.
in technology and to a great extent to the other western countries in a
automated. Therefore, the driving number of aspects. Firstly, unlike the The mantra that could help make
skill requirement is less arduous than western countries, we can leapfrog the jump should be a shift from
it was earlier. It requires a different into the new zone as we have the being “job ready” to being “future
orientation in applying the skill. The huge potential of young population ready”.
further improvement in technology, to cater to the need. Secondly,
drivers in the future, will need new
skills to operate these automated

April 2017 Skill Power 11

A handy information about

INDUSTRY 4.0

By S K Das
International Institute for Advanced Training
on Control & Automation (IIATCA), Kolkata
[email protected]

We are standing on the
edge of a technological
revolution that will clearly
alter the way we live, work, and

think. In scale, perspective, and

severity, the transformation will be

unlike anything mankind hadever

experienced before. We are clearly

waiting to know just how it will unfold,

but the direction is focused towards

integrated and comprehensive

approach, involving all stakeholders,

from the public and private sectors

to universities and civil society.

The First Industrial Revolution

was triggered with water and steam

power to mechanize production.

The Second revolution used electric

power to create mass production.

The Third revolution used electronics

and information technology to

further automate production. Now a

Fourth Industrial Revolution is being

ushered in, the digital revolution

encompassing measurement,

transmission, processing &

implementation. It is marked by a

fusion of technologies that is wiping

out the lines between the physical, Investment it had been found that; for big data analysis, cloud storage
• Digitisation of Value chain had & cloud computing.
digital, and all other spheres. • Horizontal & Vertical association
been started by 80% of the to improve value chain for quality
This revolution started in Europe Manufacturers. & sustainability.
• Industrial Internet of Things (IIOT) • Ushering in disruptive technology
with an estimated investment that will aim towards about 15 % to address new requirement and
efficiency. competitive market.
could come in the international level • IIOT will trigger vast opportunities

and they found that in Europe itself

the investment by 2020 would cross

140 Billion Euro annually. Apart from

12 Skill Power April 2017

• Digitisation of product and quality
monitoring for the entire lifecycle.

• Hence enormous opportunities,
development of competencies in
new work area.

• To give special emphasis on work
force development to sustain
changed industrial scenario.

Hence, there is a volatile situation
where the society had understood
that unless a new changed way
of working is evolved, the social
platform will perish.

Evolution of Industry 4.0

Steps to be adopted for
Industry-4.0 compliance;

Tagging: RAMI 4.0 (Reference Architectural Model Industrie) STRUCTURE
All Raw materials, Intermediate IEC 62890- Life-cycle management for systems and products used in
Productsand Final Products to be industrial-process measurement, control and automation.
identified by separate names and
codified by barcode or other methods. IEC 62264-Enterprise-control system integration.
Then these can be identified and
digitized for further processing. IEC 61512-Batch control.
Collection and analysis of these data
will have significant impact on the handling will ensure confidentiality 4. Preferably contact less or
value chain management. on private information. impregnated in the system to
monitor on line without disrupting
Measuring: Industry 4.0 Approach the process.
All product components in the value
chain to be measured to acquire a RAMI 4.0 – The Reference Requirement of Faster
comprehensive information on the Architecture Model Industry Communication:
product and the production state. 4.0 ( IEC 62264 & IEC 62890) We are merging in Internet speed
By analysing these data, Product to represent Hierarchy and Life towards 1 terabits/second, to cover
quality, improvement of processing Cycle & value Stream. the entire world with broad band.
time & cost reduction can also be Requirement of Advance Control
measured. a Cyber Physical System. System.
a Internet technology. 1. AI (Artificial Intelligence)
Transmit, Connect , Manage & a Manufacturing Objects as
Analyse: packages will the ruler in all
Secured data needs to be captured Information Carriers. devices, with adaptive learning,
and transmitted with digitized coded a Holistic Approach for Safety, data capture, data management
items with digitized information & interpretation of data & driving
on quality & status. Wireless Security, Privacy and Knowledge results.
communication needs to be develop Protection. 2. Higher level integration to Level-2,
through various methods, and all a Collaborative approach in both 3 automation & upwards.
relevant data will be captured,stored, Horizontal & Vertical Integration. 3. Cloud Computing.
and analysed in real time for further a Ushering in Disruptive 4. Robotics.
decision making.Management and Technologies . 5. Virtualization.
maintaining of huge data base and
sharing only relevant information Opportunities in Industry New developments that will be
with the appropriate program is very 4.0 ushered in will be
important for the process success. 1. Cheaper non conventional power.
New Domain of Work Opportunities 2. Higher speed Internet and Broad
Security Of Plant Data & Plant due to new WOW prompted by New
Safety Demands of Industry 4.0: band connection across the
Requirement of Measurement: Globe.
Secured communication by proper 1. Measurement shall be very 3. Flying Cars & Drones as a medium
encryption & secured data storage & for transportation.
accurate irrespective of time, 4 Basic Research with Disruptive
place or environment. technology.
2. It shall be fast.
3. It shall be digitally reproducible.

April 2017 Skill Power 13

EXCLUSIVE INTERVIEW WITH

MR. GEORGE KURUVILLA

By Team Instrumentation Automation Surveillance &
Communication Sector Skill Council

Mr. George Kuruvilla is the Chairman Broadcasting, a miniratna company. Q How do you witness the shift
cum Managing Director of Broadcast In an exclusive interview for in the Broadcast Communication
Engineering Consultants India Skill Power Magazine, George has Sector during the past one
Limited (BECIL) since December, explained a lot of unknown facts decade? How do you visualize
2015. Before that he was serving about the Broadcast Industry and the likely changes in the coming
as the Director (O&M), BECIL, a the extremely important role BECIL decade?
Government of India Enterprise, is playing in the overall growth of
under Ministry of Information and the country. Here are the excerpts: In the last one decade we have seen
a migration to digital. The terrestrial
broadcasting was purely based
out of Doordharsan and All India
Radio till such time. The private FM
broadcast came somewhere in 2005
and then the programming changed
and it became very popular among
the people who travel on vehicles.
FM is even today very popular in the
country and apart from that there
is medium wave transmission and
short wave transmission for external
services of All India Radio.

In the television, we are having
terrestrial transmitters which we
receive through yagi antenna but
after the advent of the satellite
television after the Iraq war in 1995,
channels in India started growing
very fast. So in the last one decade,
we have seen the shift from analog
channel to the digital one. The
satellite up linking is in digital, the
production is in digital and now
they have shifted from standard
definition television to high definition
television and very recently they
have started switching over to the
ultra-high definition. So the quality
of the content and the technology
of delivery platforms has changed
in the last one decade and another
addition in the last one decade is
that of the Direct To Home (DTH).

14 Skill Power April 2017

Till now, here in India, we were “In the last one decade, we have
dependent on the analog cable seen the shift from analog channel
distribution in which there was a to the digital one. The satellite up
limitation of getting some 60 – 70 linking is in digital,the production is
channels and sometimes the quality in digital and now they have shifted
of channels were also not good. But, from standard definition television
now because of the direct to home,
it has happened that you can receive to high definition television”
the channels with a small dish of half
meter to one meter, by placing it demodulation code, one cannot (TRAI) has given the suggestion of
anywhere on your terrace or balcony, access the data and service provider portability to be
customize accordingly and receive 4. Customized delivery is also implemented. They are discussing
good quality signals of around 400 possible. it, corhersing with various DTH
channels. The Government of India For the transmission, we have not operators to why not go for one
has decided to go for digitization of faced any major challenges rather the box. But there are certain practical
cable and the first phase happened major challenge is from the receiver challenges in the implementation,
somewhere in 2011-2012, second end. There are two things that restrict the major one being the encryption
phase happened in 2014-2015 and the transmission to happen: one is part of it that is the security of the
now the final phase of digitization of when it goes to high-definition, it content. So, somebody from the
cable is on the way. requires 3-4 times the bandwidth reciever’s end like a cable operator
of the normal bandwidth and when can use a DTH operator’s signals
In radio also with the it goes to ultra-high definition, it and distribute it to his recievers. The
digitalization, now you can have the requires more than 5 times the distribution cost is very high in this
same frequency which you receive bandwidth of the high definition industry. So there is a risk of piracy
in one channel for receiving three bandwidth. The high-definition can and no DTH operator wants to part
to four channels in the same one occupy upto 3 channel space of a away with the encryption facility. And
radio bandwidth. So now we can standard bandwidth and a ultra high- so they feel if they go for inter-optical
have different genres of channels definition can occupy upto 10 channel box, security may be compromised.
under the same bandwidth. The space of a standard bandwidth. So,
private FM is just dependent on one the cost of transmission increases as Q In India, we have more than 15
package channel in that they will you go to the higher quality. For the crore households which are using
have entertainment and everything. terrestrial transmission or reception, TV sets. Do you have the skill staff
you require a receiver. So, in the case for implementing and sustaining
Right now only All India Radio is of DTH, they require a set-top box. Digitalization? What are your
reaching people pan India and all Earlier in the analog time, the people plans to acquire skilled workforce
the private channels are reaching used to receive through a normal in future?
the selected cities with limited dish antenna, now all of them need
programs. So in the coming days, if to have a box whether you want Across the country, for setting up
digitization happens, the reach of to receive through cable or digital the DTH connections, there are boys
private channels will also increase terrestrial or digital, and that is an who are trained. It is something that
and they can also come up with added cost to every consumer of Rs. can be trained in a very short time.
channels based on health, education, 1000-2000 for the box and the cost All these boys are passed out from
general awareness etc. of subscription has also increased. So ITI and they are ready to do it. For
to the consumer it is much more cost our country, since a lot of manpower
Q How the consumer is benefitted and they also get a variety of content is available, I don’t see it as a major
after digitalization? What and the quality is much better than challenge as far as the installation
challenges did you face in its earlier. process is concerned. But, what
implementation? may be required is the manpower
Q A consumer faces a lot of to fix up the issues of the software
With the digitalization, the problem while shifting from or the troubleshooting part of it,
consumer is mainly benefitted in one DTH Operator to another which is more than installation and
four ways: as one needs to purchase a commissioning, and so we require
1. The Quality improves, new set–top box. Why can’t the specialised trained people. For that
2. The Bandwidth improves with the setup box service portability be there is a need and people needs
implemented as it is in the case of to be skilled accordingly which can
new compression techniques and mobile connections? be achieved and we as the part of
we can tune in different channels IASC SSC are developing QPs and
under the same bandwidth, and This is a big discussion going standardizing them so that the
with some statistical multiplexing around in the country. The Telecom people can be trained as per the
techniques, one can have more Regulatory Authority of India needs arising.
than 20 channels in the same
transponder.
3. The encryption is possible
because you can secure the
produced content. Which means
that unless someone has the

April 2017 Skill Power 15

“Community Radio is another comes into picture as we Audit the
medium which has got huge performances through GPF tagging
scope as it is ‘By the People and and how effective they have been.
For the People’. The programmes
Community Radio is another
are created in the local medium which has got huge scope
languages that these people as it is ‘By the People and For the
People’. The programmes are created
understand.” in the local languages that these
people understand. It solves two
The specialized training takes time Q How do you see the role of major purposes; one it generates
and we are on the verge on training Broadcast Media in spreading employment for those who make
people. The numbers are huge. So awareness about the local culture/ these programmes and second it is
in the first few years, we will have customs? interpersed with what government
to target much higher numbers and wants to impart to the masses and
then therafter sustain them over a Yes, media plays a very big role keep on educating them.The Ministry
period of time. With the council in the infact media is the only medium of Information & Broadcasting is
picture, we are really at the takeoff through which we can reach to the encouraging Community Radio and
time. We have started shortlisting people with the local culture, which is giving more and more grants to
trainers and we are preparing all is very important because we are a this media to promote it. BECIL also
the information about the trainers country of cultural diversity. has got its transmitter so we also
availble with us, how much time it will install Community Radio for those
take, what cost it will involve, what The Prime Minister’s initiative at who wants us to do it for them.
will be the certifications so that we the Ugaadi Festival, regarding the
can put all these data on our website cultural exchange of different states Q Is there any regulatory agency
for people to refer and thereafter I is a great step towards re-building for the tariffs of DTH service
feel that the training will happen big the local culture. He elaborated the providers? If yes, what are
time. agreement between Telengana and its major functions which are
Haryana that each state will send beneficial for the subscribers?
Q The formal ITI format has their boys and girls to another state
somehow failed. So what so as to make people acquainted with Yes it is being presently done
according to you should be the the other state’s culture, festivities, by Telecom Regulatory Authority
primary focus for the training; the food, clothes, music, dance, and he of India (TRAI). They do have an
location, the conditions or both, said in the coming time, if these types interface with people and they keep
considering the QPs and the Nos of cultural exchange programs will be putting this question in the public
remain the same? there, India will become One as Unity forum and keep taking feedback from
in Diversity. The feeling of north- them. They fix the rates accordingly
Yes. This is what the Government south, east-west will go away and in so that people don’t monopolize
of India is concerned about that the this, media has to play a big role for and charge as per their minds. All
formal education is not what the making it a movement. The impact the information is available on their
industry requires. Industry is also will be very positive and media can website. So, all of this has been
finding it very difficult to find the highlight such things, they can cover regulated by TRAI.
skilled manforce despite the fact and make 1-2 episodes and show it
that a lot of people are applying but on different platforms and forums. Q Why has the digitalization
still they are not been able to get the not reached the villages? What
numbers they require. So, in order to Then we have a song and drama measures have you taken, if any,
bring in the curriculum of education; division under the Ministry of to make this possible?
the practical knowledge, the major Information and Broadcasting
challenge is the trained teacher to that is going to remote areas and When we talk about Cable
teach the skills which are required. engaging in what is known as rural TV digitalization, the cost of the
Right now what is happening is that communication in the form of cheapest setup box is Rs. 800-1000
the teachers are trained according Nukkad Nattak as these are those and doordarshan free DTH also cost
to the curriculum as they don’t have people who don’t read newspapers around Rs. 1000. So to implement or
any industry attachment. So we all or watch TV or listen to Radio. for the people of last mild villages,
need to conceive a plan along with The artists communicate in local who are poor people and can’t even
the Government of India to allow language so it becomes very affective invest thousand rupees to watch
industry attachment for the teachers in communicating the government’s only doordarshan, they don’t have
who have to skill others so that initiatives in a very entertaining that much money and the second
eveyone gets aware of the place and manner that helps them register thing is even the cable operators,
conditions they have to work in. what we want to communicate they now need to have digital setup,
to them. There is a technology so they have to invest money for
interface involved and there BECIL it which is sometime 50 lakhs to
one crore rupees. So for the local
tv operators to service about a five
thousand houses, to invest this

16 Skill Power April 2017

amount of money and then to lay alot of employment will be generated more than a crore, so the challenge
down the cable and then reach to and the distribution chain will be is really big. The training numbers
the last mild, is very expensive. bigger last mile and for the whole have to increase and that is what the
industry the tv receivers will come IASC and other Sector Skill Councils’
Government has to come out with more. So it is resulting in building are doing: to skill up the trainers
schemes and plans which is not easy up the business environment in the and initiating training institutes. We
because whom can you choose for country and the cash flow among need to focus on trainers also and
such categories, sometimes you the people and so the talents of make them adjust with the coming
can choose border people or like the people are coming forward and up scenerio. So its a huge challenge
one of those areas for protecting therefore also with the popularity of but the country is gearing up, the
your people from those activities, the social media, where you have got government is very certain and clear.
that can be chosen. You can go for Youtube and Facebook, people can
media target areas so government upload their talent, because of the Q Do you see his vision of India
can do finements but those are media development youth is coming being the skill capital of the World
sometimes very huge amount so forward with their talents. It is very by 2022 a possibility?
you can’t do it in one go. So schemes easy and affordable media and now
have to be made for subsidising and people are more aware that they Yes definitely. Once we have the
it is a thought process and it has to have a talent, they can take a shot, trained manpower, and trained
be implemented to make it more upload on the social media and it can trainers, then we can transform
affordable. also help them to get a job. So media this into reality as we have a
has got a great future. Huge scope is huge demographic dividend where
Over a period of time, affordability there. I see in the next 10 years, there very educated, skilled, semi-skilled
factor is improving, and we believe will be a huge growth in the media. manpower is expected by 2022. It will
in the coming time people will be be a very good number of people and
able to afford it and opt it for general Q How far do you see the broadcast we can send them abroad including
entertainment and information. sector compatible for industry European, African and south asian
4.0? What are your plans to make countries, as they don’t have the
Q How does broadcast sector it a hit? young people to work. So its a huge
contributing to the overall growth opportunity and this is Hon’ble Prime
of the country? Industry 4.0 is a set of Minister’s vision which just needs to
manufacturing ofcourse the setup be focused upon to make it a reality.
Broadcast sector is contributing box the design is made to be
immensely for the whole ecosystem developed so thats how industry 4.0 Q What solutions have been
of the country. On one side is basically the box manufacturers. conceived by BECIL for creating
manufacturing is there so people As if today I see the receivers as a SMART CITIES out of Old cities?
have now started manufacturing huge area where the industry can What challenges are you facing
in india; both the setup box and come and they can come to the for the same?
small radio sets. Earlier, in the first latest tools and technologies for
phase, we saw a huge number of set- building up this, the reception both As BECIL, we get so many invites
top boxes being imported. So, the in the setup box and radio receivers, for various smart cities conclaves,
hon’ble Prime Minister’s trust over digital tv receivers in the coming where whole of the chosen smart
‘MAKE IN INDIA’ is playing a major days. cities ideations are discussed with
role as now the industries are gearing various processes of the Muncipality
up and they have got the confidence We have also started preparing the that need to be digitalised and
that they can setup industry and a youth for adaptability of Industry 4.0. captured and available so that there
lot of industries are there that can As of now, we are doing it on a very can be a central command in the
manufacture setup boxes. So, with small scale, keeping in the view that control system through which they
the PM’s trust and initiative, I can see the young people who are turning out can monitor and therefore they can
in the coming years a huge number of to be employed every year in the age have a dispatch team to implement it.
boxes being made in india. So it builds bracket of 20-25 years is very huge, So all this is presently required. BECIL
up an ecosystem of manufacturing, is also playing a role of a technology
company and we know the last mild
connectivity, the command and
control system bringing the signal
from captured areas and centralised
and we have the storage, the
analytics part of its, we are all there
in all what is required. So basically
smart cities requires say there is a
garbage manufacturer, there must
be a camera for capturing each small,
whether it has been taken on time,
are all are having the tag and papers
on the garbage , whether is dumping

April 2017 Skill Power 17

is right or not, all that converting document it that is all that today is Q How would you measure the
those signals to digital signals, required to implement it also they performance of IASC SSC for the
readable and understandable signals need implementing agencies who growth of Communication Sector
and so you need to have water are able to convert each of those all in past one year?
management, waste management, the signals from the ground into the
electricity management, everywhere digital domain called transfussions If I look from the beginning, the
the technology interface the central which are understandable. So in IASC Sector Skill Council have taken
command and control is required. all the implementation stage, you lot of correct steps.First was the
And we have also envolved CCTV need manpower to fix the camera to establishment of the Sector itself,
surveillance which is the part of safe the right place, all the connections so hiring of right people, having the
city part of the smart city, so the to be done correctly, feed to be space itself, putting all the parts in
policing part of it can keep a watch centralized, how to protect the cables right position. And second part is
on people who is doing what, who from getting damaged, so, though it making the governing body more
has committed crime, whom to be looks very small but it need a very representative in the industry
caught, so there are lot of technology trained manpower to do this task and from the institution and so
and analytics available today in a proper manner, that when the the experts, so all that has those
and we are already studying and rain comes, the wind comes, there fundamental steps have been very
implementing those technologies in wires and these connections don’t correctly taken and making a web
some of the places through tender. get damaged as it also includes very portal very very important where
We have got huge orders from huge cost and very vital information. people can register themselves, those
Airport Authorities, Indian Railways, So, the requirement is for highly who seeking jobs, those who want
Food Corporation of India, Rajasthan trained professional. I think this is to be the part of the trainer, so it has
Government to implement these one area where connection part is been a very very important decision
access controls and surviellence and hugely required and we are training and it has been implemented as well
we are implementing them. The work people in accordingly. We have a and now the final part of it before it
has already started. huge worshop in the BECIL office rolls out in proper manner is putting
in Noida, where we are training these QPs and NOs into position,
Challenges are to educate the people in this respect. As in future which is happening at a fast pace and
officers, on how do you do the a huge requirement is going to once it is finally completed and done,
analytics on the basis of the inputs come right from the ground level the training in the real strength will be
you are getting, so all these cameras, technicians to high level managers done. I would say in one year, IASC has
if you look at the cities, it has 5000 and supervisors. done a commendable job and I feel we
cameras, Delhi have 5-6 thousand will be one of the fastest and best skill
cameras and all the signals come councils and that is what we aspire
to a centralized storage, a benguit and that is what we look forward to.
is required to store them at a
centralized storage, then you have to
do analysis, so if anything happens
you cannot expect to watch 6000
cameras all the time. So you need
big time analytic, so you have to have
a skilled manpower to understand
the analytics part of it. They have all
the sources, the analytic tools are
there to capture it in the fashion and

Q Are you involved with any CSR
activity? If yes, kindly share the
details.

Over the last few years, we have
been mostly into the community
Radio domain as we have provided
transmitters and similar facilities and
we have also taken main training of
our technicians, ITI passed students
who are below poverty line. We impart
them free education on Community
Radio, cable connectivity and related
fields, so there are few activities we
have done as CSR activity and we
want to scale it up in future.

18 Skill Power April 2017



Indian Manufacturing Industries:

CHALLENGES AND
PRESENT PROSPECTIVE

By Dr. Varghese Samuel
Managing Director,
Biologic Science Instruments Pvt. Ltd
[email protected]

With $2.3 trillion in GDP, India of world class excellence in lagged behind the target. Despite
is the world’s ninth largest industrial progress self-sufficiency
economy and third largest manufacturing core sectors like is a distant dream and import
by purchasing parity of $8 trillion. substitution a major problem. Under
Yet manufacturing accounts only for textiles, automobile component and utilization of existing capacity is
16% of the country’s GDP, compared another major problem which is due
with the service sectors which is petrochemicals. to lack of power, raw material and
nearly 52%and India represents only demand.
2% of the world’s manufacturing Technology development is critical
output, one tenth of what its neighbor Industry has developed elite
China contributes. to a country’s effort in improving oriented pattern. Concentration
of economic power in the hands
Growth in manufacturing is crucial productivity, efficiency and of few, regional imbalances,
for India’s economic development. sickness of industries, loss in public
Manufacturing has the potential to competitiveness in manufacturing sector industries, lack of R&D,
provide large scale employment to unsatisfactory labour relations,
the young Indian population and sector. Factor cost advantages lack of capital and industrial raw
thereby enable a significant section materials, changing policies of
of the population to move out of the are being replaced by technology the government, and defective
poverty line. licensing policy are some of the
related factors such as Zero –Defect problems which are hindering the
Keeping this in mind, the new overall industrial development in the
elected Indian Government has product quality and International country. In following paragraphs an
adopted “Make In India” as a core attempt has been made to highlight
policy initiative to encourage and certification of Organizations, some of these problems.
increase the growth of manufacturing
sector. Quality assurance systems (eg.ISO Unbalanced Industrial
Structure
India is having certain inherent 9000) in determining International
strength to become a manufacturing Despite all efforts, India has not
powerhouse, a large pool of young competitiveness. Central to been able to attain self sufficiency in
technical staff, young labor force, respect of industrial material. India is
wages half of our neighboring country maintaining competitiveness still dependent on foreign imports for
like China and most importantly, transport equipments, Scientific and
it has the significant domestic is the ability of producers to research instruments, machineries
consumption of manufactured (electrical and non-electrical), iron
goods. respond quickly and effectively

India does have a few examples to the changing demands of the

International market.

India has made sufficient

achievement in industrial

development during the last five

decades and has emerged as the

tenth largest industrialized country

of the world. But considering the size

of the country this development has

not reached the level of satisfaction.

There are many areas where

despite requisite facilities, industrial

development is either insufficient

or completely absent. The pace of

industrial progress has been very

slow and the growth has always

20 Skill Power April 2017

and steel, paper, chemicals and to power cut and rostering which License Policy
fertilizers, plastic material etc. In hampers the industrial production.
the total industrial production, Most of the State Electricity Boards The license policy approving the
consumer goods contribute 38 are running in loss and are in site, capacity, type and expansion
per cent. In newly industrialized deplorable condition. Rail transport of industries is a typical example of
countries like Singapore, South is overburdened while road transport excessive state interference and red
Korea and Malaysia this percentage is plagued with many problems. Even tapes which hinder the industrial
is 52, 29 and 28 respectively. This national highways in many places are development. With the introduction
shows that import substitution is still in bad shape. Telecommunication of liberalization policy, many
a distant goal for the country. facilities are mainly confined to big shortcomings of the license policy
cities. have been removed.
Regional Concentration
Shortage of Industrial Raw Lack of R&D
In India, most of the industries are Material
located in few selected areas leaving The biggest challenge to
out vast expanse of the country Indian Agricore, the major source manufacturing sector in India, over
devoid of industrial establishments. of industrial raw material, is still the years, is lack of R&D. It will not be
Most of the industries are located dependent on the monsoon. Natural possible to take it as a manufacturing
in and around metropolitan cities calamities like drought, famine, leader without being a technology
like Mumbai, Chennai, Hyderabad, flood etc badly affect agricultural leader.
Kolkata and Delhi. While the states production as well the supply of
like Maharashtra, Gujarat, Tamil industrial raw material. Failure of Lack of Skilled Manpower
Nadu etc are well ahead in industrial monsoon even affects the purchasing
development others like Meghalaya, power of the people and also the There is still a lack of skilled
Manipur, Jammu and Kashmir, demand for industrial products. manpower in-spite of being the 2nd
Tripura, Orissa, Assam etc are far It sometimes creates glut in the most populated country in the world.
behind. This has not only created market and industrial plumpness. There is an urgent need to update
regional imbalance and regional Cement industry is recently facing the work process as well as working
disparity but has encouraged such crisis. environment, in order to survive in
fissiparous tendency including this era of globalization. This does
unrest, violence and terrorism. Drought like situation even affects not imply to remove the existing
hydel generation, leading to energy employees, but rather it suggests
Industrial Sickness crisis, more pressure on railways upgrading their skills by imparting
to transport coal and on thermal them with proper training.
In the private industrial sector a power sector for higher output. This
growing number of industrial units leads to a chain of crises which have Country is facing a paradoxical
are becoming sick. Widespread interlinking effect. situation where on the one hand
sickness has, indeed, become a young men and women entering
major problem of this sector. The Higher Cost of Production the labour market are looking for
causal factors for this sickness and Low Quality of Goods jobs; on the other hand industries
are: (i) deficient management, are complaining of unavailability
(ii) under-utilization of capacity Indian industries mostly survive on of appropriately skilled manpower.
due to shortage of raw materials, home demands. These have been This paradox reflects the criticality
coal and power and transport, (iii) given a number of concessions of skill development to enhance the
obsolete machinery, equipment and even protection from foreign employability of the growing young
and production techniques, (iv) industries. Here most of the work is population and also to gear-up the
uneconomical scale of production, done by hand on old and obsolete economy to realise the target of
(v) faulty choice of products and machines. faster and inclusive growth.
processes, (vi) difficulties in selling
the products, (vii) diversion of funds This increases the cost of It is known that 93% of the total
to new units under same ownership, production and brings down the labour force is in the unorganised
and (viii) conflict between different quality of products produced. sector. Thus, the major challenge
interest groups among the owners. Since these industries have virtual of skill development initiatives is
monopoly they hardly bother to also to address the needs of a vast
Lack of Infrastructure improve their quality. Public sector population by providing them skills
units, under direct control of the which would make them employable
An inadequate infrastructural facility government, frequently increase and enable them to secure decent
is another major problem faced by the prices which provide golden work leading to improvement in the
the Indian industries. Energy crisis opportunity to private industrialists quality of their life.
has a great bearing on the industrial also to increase the prices. Our
development and production. It leads industrial products are not able to The National Policy for Skill
make wide market abroad. Development and Entrepreneurship
2015 supersedes the policy of 2009.
This primarily aims at meeting the
challenge of skilling at scale with

April 2017 Skill Power 21

speed, standards (quality) and Keeping this in mind, China’s products in the eighties and
sustainability. According to India the new elected nineties, China has graduated into a
Labour Report 2012, it is estimated reliable manufacturer of goods that
that 12.8 million new persons join Indian Government carry some of the best known brand
the labour market annually vis-à- has adopted “Make names sold in the USA. China wanted
vis the current capacity of the skill In India” as a core to do this, and has succeeded. India
development which is 3.1 million in too can.
our country. policy initiative
to encourage and An emerging new middle
It is estimated that incremental HR increase the growth class in rapidly globalizing urban
requirement for skill development of manufacturing economies across Asia, Africa, and
in the period 2012 to 2022 for the Latin America would add millions
whole country is 12.03 crore. Hence sector. of potential new customers for
there is pressing need to expand the Indian entrepreneurial talent in
infrastructure for skill development that all government schemes now lean manufacturing for delivering
many fold to cater to the target which has the component which takes customized products supported
is more than four times the present care of skill development as per the by a strong service component.
capacity. As mid- term strategy, programme’s requirement. Skill gap India would then become the
104.62 million fresh entrants to the studies conducted by NSDC for 21 source of a million new mutinies
labour force between 2015 to 2022 high growth sectors of the country that shape global production and
would be required to be skilled/ will project the human resource distribution networks, led by its
provided vocational education. At requirement in those sectors by MSME capitalists. These are not pipe
present, 21 Ministries/Departments 2022. dreams, but eminently achievable
of Government of India are engaged targets resulting from targeted
in skill development programme. Industrialization started in India regulatory and procedural reforms
roughly a century later than in the based on strong private-sector
There are several challenges developed countries. That is why, feedback. In the actualization of
which have been identified in skill when it was in mature stage in the these reforms lies the final test
development of the Indian Youth. Western countries it was in infantile for Indian democracy as it begs to
For instance increasing the capacity stage in India. Hence, India had to answer the question whether Indian
of the existing system to ensure perform dual task of promoting policies are democratic enough
equitable access for all and at the industrialization as well as to equip for the smallest capitalist to be
same time maintaining their quality herself with latest technology in the empowered to participate in the
and relevance is a big challenge. This fields of electronics, nuclear science, pursuit of prosperity in a globalized
involves strong and effective linkages space research etc. world.
between the industry and the trainer
institute with adequate provisions From 1978 to today, China has The Make in India campaign
for constant knowledge upgrading transformed into a manufacturing launched by Prime Minister
of the trainers. Creating effective powerhouse. Two years ago, my Narendra Modi is drawing mix
convergence between school friend’s 11-yr old son, while shopping reactions. Political parties, political
education and the governmental in Walmart in the USA, remarked analysts, businessmen, industrialists
efforts in the area of skill development “everything here is made in China.” and social activists are articulating
also need to be reworked. All this has It was a bit of an exaggeration, but diverse opinions. But all said and
to be in consonance with Labour had a lot of truth to it. For all the new done, ‘Make in India’ has moved far
Market Information System. Other startup businesses, the number one beyond the catch phrase to take
challenges include creation of place that comes to their mind for concrete shape. Yet there are plenty
institutional mechanism for research sourcing the complete assembled of challenges and hurdles, which
development, quality assurance, product is China, even if they never pose threat to this initiative.
examination, certification, affiliation sourced a thing from China before--
and accreditation. Needless to say China has become the default source This initiative is launched to
those efforts should be on to make for manufactured goods. give boost to different sectors
the skill development attractive and like automobiles, chemicals, IT,
productive to motivate the youth to We can learn from China. The pharma, textiles, engineering &
aspire for it. learning should NOT be left to manufacturing, aviation, railways,
some hit or miss method; it has not defense, renewable energy, mining,
Addressing the above challenges, worked. China was focused. It can bio-technology, electronics, leather,
government has taken some be done. We need focus. China also tourism & hospitality etc. The
concrete steps which include has worked on its infrastructure to initiative also aims to transform
dovetailing and rationalization of improve trade and commerce, which India from highly potential market to
the Central Government Schemes has contributed to its manufacturing. the powerhouse of manufacturing,
on Skill Development in order to thereby creating millions of job
achieve maximum convergence After the initial image of poor opportunities. In short the campaign
and making skill development an quality and reliability in the US for is conceived and designed to achieve
integral part of all Government of multiple objectives and far reaching
India schemes which has ensured impact on the economy.

22 Skill Power April 2017

Common Transmission Infrastructure for

CO-LOCATION OF FM
TRANSMITTERS

By R.Narasimha Swamy
Senior Consultant, BECIL
[email protected]

The policy of Government of India on privatization quite expensive for the broadcasters. If the broadcasters
of FM Radio broadcasting mandates thatall independently choose to setup their stations, each of
the successful broadcasters (licensees) of a them have to get locate most appropriate location for
particular city are required to establish their FM RF the station and this apart, each of them have to make
transmission setup from a shared common facility investment for establishment of tower, captive power
in a common location rather than each individual arrangement etc which can be very well shared if all the
broadcaster establishing their own transmission facility transmitters are centrally located instead of spreading
in different locations of a particular city. This common all over the city.
shared technical facility for transmission is termed
as “Common Transmission Infrastructure” (CTI). This Further, in the absence of the concept of CTI (that is
article discusses the reason behind this important the case in many third world countries where technical
mandate of Government of India and also provides brief regulations are lax or even absent), if the FM broadcast
technical details of the CTI facility already established by stations are spread all over the city, listeners in the vicinity
Broadcast Engineering Consultants India Ltd (BECIL), a of a particular station will find it difficult to tune to other FM
Govt of India undertakingduring phase-I and II expansion stations of their choice, thus depriving of level playing field
of private FM broadcasting in India. for the broadcasters and listeners. Apart from RF hazards,
another technical problem is that, if the FM transmitting
Propagation of FM radio waves broadcast in VHF band- antennae are located very closely or on same tower, then
II (88 to 108 MHz) from the transmitting station to the the quality of the broadcast signal may suffer due to
receiver is required to follow line-of-sight propagation for inter-modulation products. Considering that, private FM
satisfactory reception. Hence, selection of a strategically stations are commercially driven entities, all these factors
located (the most obvious choice is elevated land like an are very important for the viability of the station.
adjoining hill or high grounds of the city or can be man
made structures like towers or high raise buildings) in In view of all these valid reasons, it has become a
the city for the establishment of FM transmitting station general engineering practice among all developed
is an important criteria for the effective coverage of the countries to share the resources like tower and antenna
station. As the transmitting station is required to have for the establishment of common transmission facilities
tower to a height of 60 meters or even higher as stipulated for FM radio broadcasting. Thousands of such CTIs
by the Government for hoisting the transmitting antenna, are functioning smoothly since decades all across the
and also as adequate land for installing the transmitter globe. Quite justifiably, Government of India has made a
and associated auxiliary equipment is required, there will conscious decision to mandate CTI for all the private FM
be considerable pressure on each of the broadcasters to broadcasters in our country.
select most appropriate site for their transmission facility. The setup of CTI: The block schematic setup of private
Also, the cost of establishing a structurally sound and FM broadcasters is indicated below. Each broadcasting
robust tower to withstand high wind pressure loads and station will have their own studio/studios for originating
broadcast antenna with desired radiation pattern etc are the content. It is not required to co-locate the Studio in
the CTI complex.

April 2017 Skill Power 23

Technically this is an essential requirement to match
the transmitter output impedance to the characteristic
impedance of the feeder cable and also to ensure that,
the output of the transmitters are electrically isolated
from each other. Several technologies are available to
combine the output of the FM transmitters by topologies
like Star point, Stretch-line, Band reject hybrid and
Band pass hybrid combiners. In CTI of our country, due
to several advantages particularly considering future
expandability, band pass 3 dB hybrid is employed.

It can be situated anywhere in the City. Content from Output 3dB
the Studio is linked to the transmitter through data Coupler
circuits. The received content is processed and sent to
the FM transmitter. The modulated RF output of each of Refer to the following schematic of one of the Module
the transmitter is combined in the Combiner Module. As of the combiner employed for interfacing the output of
each transmitter is assigned a frequency by the wireless the transmitter termed as “Narrow band (NB)” to “Wide
and planning authorities, RF output of each of the Band (WB)” output which is connected to the antenna
transmitter will not really get “frequency multiplexed” up, through the feeder cable. In this type of combiner, the
thus maintaining the integrity of each of the broadcast feed from the NB port input is split by the input 3 dB
carrier. Brief description of the combiner will follow. The hybrid coupler, and both signals pass through the band-
Combined output also called as frequency multiplexed pass filters to the output 3 dB coupler, then summed in
equal phase at output port. The wideband signal applied
output of all the transmitters is fed to the common at Port 3 is split by the output 3 dB hybrid, reflected
wideband antenna hoisted on the top of the tower as back completely by band-pass filters, and combined at
indicated through coaxial feeder cable. The antenna will the output port.The narrowband input is isolated from
have sufficient bandwidth to preserve the integrity of the wideband input by the 3 dB coupler. But additional
the signals of all the transmitters. The following sketch isolation is provided due to the stop band attenuation
indicates the characteristics of a typical broadband of band-pass filters. However the isolation of WB signal
broadcast antenna. from the NB signal is only as good as that of the 3 dB
coupler. The following schematic indicates the method
The common resources shared by all the broadcasters of connecting each combiner module to make a practical
is site, building, electric power supply arrangement from combiner. By feeding the output of each Module to the
ESCOM, captive power arrangement, multiplexer, feeder broadband input of next Combiner Module, we can
cable, tower and broadcast antenna. Each broadcaster expand combiner and increase channels in a daisy-
will install and maintain their own broadcast transmitter chain topology. The number of channels possible in a
and input audio rack, UPS and air-conditioning given frequency band is limited by the minimum spacing
equipment. between the signals and insertion loss, which may pose
practical difficulty; insertion loss increases each time the
signal passes through each Combiner Module.

RF Combiner

When several transmitter outputs are to be connected to a
common feeder cable, RF combiner is essential interface
between the transmitters and the transmission system
to ensure that the output impedance of the transmitter
is not disturbed by combining several transmitters.

24 Skill Power April 2017

across the country in the year 2006 was found to be
successful and beneficial to the private FM broadcasters
in terms of capital costs, optimum coverage and
improved operational efficiency and quality reception to
the listeners. Encouraged by its success, Government
of India has rightly mandated the concept of CTI during
the on-going implementation of Phase-III expansion of
private FM broadcasting also in other 227 cities across
the country.

The concept of CTI mandated by Government of References
India during phase-II expansion for the private FM
broadcasting and implemented by BECIL in 86 cities a. “Co-sited FM Transmission Systems”, by Richard

J.Fry, Harris
b. “Primer on FM combiners” by Meenakshi Singhvi,

Prasar Bharati, Radio World, April 2016.

UPCOMING EVENT of
Instrumentation Automation Surveillance and Communication Sector Skill Council

NATIONAL WORKSHOP ON INDUSTRY 4.0: IMPACT ON EMPLOYMENT

A National Worshop on Industry of both automation and digitisation.
4.0: Impact on Employment, It means machines using self-
sponsored by Instrumentation optimisation, self-configuration
Automation Surveillance and and even artificial intelligence to
Communication Sector Skill Council complete complex tasks. This in
(IASC SSC) will be held on 13thApril, turn will help to deliver superior cost
2017 at Adamas University, Barasat, efficiencies and better quality goods
Kolkata,West Bengal. or services. The workshop will aim
to bring together the Process
The workshop will be based on Industries, End User Segments,
discussions related to employability OEMs, System Integrators, various
challenges due to rapid automation. PSUs, other industrial players and training solution
World Bank study shows India will lose more than 50 % providers to not only brainstorm on the probable skill gaps
jobsduetoindustry4.0.Tomeetoutthesechallenges,ithas in the near future but also urgent skilling needs to fill up the
been proposed to organise the above workshop in Adamas gap, opportunities to be tapped in to reduce the impact
University. Industry 4.0 is the current trend of automation on employability and challenges to be faced in creating
and data exchange in manufacturing technologies. It employable skilled manpower.
includes cyber-physical systems, the Internet of things As this workshop will result in a massive exchange of
and cloud computing. Smart factories, which will be at the knowledge and ideas, it will be highly productive if you will
heart of Industry 4.0, will take on board information and bring along 10 members of your professional fraternity to
communication technology for an evolution in the supply attend this workshop.
chain and production line that brings a much higher level

April 2017 Skill Power 25

News & Events

World’s first 3D-printed skyscraper to be built in UAE will be able to build architecturally
complex buildings at never-before
A construction firm, called Cazza, buildings,” Cazza CEO Chris Kelsey seen speeds… It is all about
based in Dubai has announced economies of scale where the initial
its’ plans to build the world’s first disclosed in an interview. high technology costs will reduce
3D-printed skyscraper in the United “Developers kept asking us if it as we enter the mass-production
Arab Emirates. It says it will use a new phase.,” added Mr Kelsey.
technique called “crane printing” to was possible to build a 3D printed
create the building. skyscraper. This led us to begin Cazza is yet to disclose the
researching how we could adapt the
“When we first thought technologies for taller structures.” building’s planned height or any
of implementing 3D printing
technologies, we were mostly Buildings have been 3D-printed commencement or completion dates,
thinking of houses and low-rise
before, with the key benefits being but the Encyclopedia Britannica

low costs and speedy completion. describes a skyscraper as a building
“Through our technologies, we “of unusual height, generally greater
than 40 or 50 stories”.

Concrete and steel will be two

of the materials printed by the

company’s cranes.
“The crane printing system can be

easily adopted with existing cranes
which means we don’t have to build
cranes from scratch,” said Fernando
De Los Rios, Cazza’s chief operating

officer.
“We are adding new features

to make it adaptable to high wind
speeds along with the use of our
layer smoothing system that creates
completely flat surfaces. You won’t
know it’s 3D printed.”

Set to be built in Dubai by 2020,

the skyscraper will stand at 1,375

feet tall, with each of its 80 storeys

capable of rotating individually

around a concrete core.

BSF launched skill development for resident of Indo-Bangla border

In an effort to enhance better Police Forces (CAPF) or any other and wished that more local youth
career opportunities for border uniform organisation to make them should join the force. It appears that
dwelling youths, the Border more compatible for the forces and there is a tendency that the local
Security Force (BSF) has launched enable to qualify the recruitment youth of Meghalaya do not want
its orientation programme on skill tests. to leave out of the state. Therefore
development for the unemployed we need to create awareness and
youth residing along the Indo-Bangla “We wanted youths from the motivate them to join force and
border under Meghalaya sector. border areas to participate in the infuse national integration among
recruitment rally conducted by them,” he added.
“The main purpose of the various CAPFs. There are a number
programme was to reach out to of vacancies but few youths from
the border population and prevent Meghalaya joined the forces,” Mr
youths in the border from joining Dubey said.
militancy or get influenced by any
illegal activities,” Inspector General He also said that the youths who
of BSF in-charge Meghalaya Frontier completed the skill development
P K Dubey said. programme would be referred to
various security agencies outside the
Collaborated with Meghalaya state like Gujarat and Assam if they
State Skill Development, the BSF are willing to work. According to him,
brought 33 youths from border areas a plan is in the offing to also conduct
of East Khasi Hills and East Jaintia a recruitment rally for youths hailing
Hills districts. The youths were from districts border Bangladesh.
introduced and oriented about their
career progression in Central Armed “The BSF wanted to have a
connection with the border residents

26 Skill Power April 2017

7th GC Meeting: IASC Sector Skill Council Held on 24th March, 2017
at Corporate Office, New Delhi

7th GC Meeting of IASC Sector Skill Council was held on meet are covered as follows–
24th March, 2017 at Council Office at New Delhi, chaired by Declaration of first set of five QPs/NOs as national
Mr. Nagendra Goel, Chairman & by ten of its members.
standards by NSDC on 10th March, 2017, was brought
The salient issues discussed and approved during the to the notice of all members besides details of
Training partners, Assessment Agencies and Industry
Members empanelled/ enlisted by the Councils for
the year 2016-17.

The commencement of training on non-PMKVY QPs
and RPL certification on selected QPs was also brought
to the notice to the members for the month of March
for the year 2017-18. Kindly find the TOT & TOA training
schedules as follows:

Training of Trainers Training Schedule for 2017 – 2018 :

April 2017 3rd April - 12th April 18th June - 27th June
May 2017 14th May - 23rd May 18th July - 27th July
June 2017 4th June - 13th June 20th Aug - 29th Aug
July 2017 2nd July - 11th July 17th Sep - 26th Sep.
August 2017 1st Aug. - 10th Aug. 22nd Oct. - 31st Oct.
September 2017 3rd Sep. - 12th Sep. 19th Nov. - 28th Nov.
October 2017 3rd Oct. - 12th Oct.
November 2017 1st Nov. - 10th Nov. Total 18 Batches of 10 members each
December 2017 3rd Dec. - 12th Dec
Jan 2018 14th Jan - 23rd Jan
Feb 2018 1st Feb - 10th Feb
March 2018 11th Mar. - 20th Mar.

Training of Assessors Training Schedule for 2017 – 2018 : The members were also
briefed about the process
April 3rd April - 9th April set in motion by council to
get the ISO Certification and
May 14th May – 20th May NABL Accreditation of its
Labs at Research Centre,
June 4th June - 10th June Bhagpat through established
procedures.
July 2nd July - 8th July
The budget for the ensuing
August 1st Aug. - 7th Aug. financial year and Income/
expenditure of the FY 2016-
September 3rd Sep. - 9th Sep. 17 was also presented and
approved by the members.
October 3rd Oct. - 9th Oct. The members were also
apprised about the need of
November 1st Nov. - 7th Nov. enhancing paid up capital
and authorized share capital
December 3rd Dec. – 9th Dec by amending Memorandum
and Articles of Association
Jan 2018 14th Jan - 20rd Jan through circular note. The
members ratified the same.
Feb 2018 1st Feb - 7th Feb
April 2017 Skill Power 27
March 2018 11th Mar. - 17thMar.
Total 12 Batches of 10 members each

Smart Cities: NSDC, NDMC arm ink pact for skill development

The National Skill Development towards realising the Smart City Class Skill Development Centre at
Corporation (NSDC) and New Mission envisioned by Prime Moti Bagh, New Delhi for running
Delhi Municipal Council Smart City Minister,” Union Minister for Skill futuristic skill development courses
Limited (NDMCSCL) signed a pact Development and Entrepreneurship such as 3D Printing, Automation and
to boost skill development under the Rajiv Pratap Rudy said. Robotics.
Smart Cities Mission.
Union Urban Development The MoU also envisages setting
Under the agreement, the NSDC Minister M Venkaiah Naidu said up of a national-level ‘Centre for
and NDMCSCL, a public limited smart city development focuses on Excellence’ equipped with laboratory
company wholly owned by the New employment generation and every having simulated environment for
Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC), will smart city needs to have at least one all job roles of healthcare sector.
jointly develop e-learning content skill development centre. They will also run a Pradhan Mantri
for skilling in smart cities. Kaushal Kendra (PMKK) where
Both Rudy and Naidu were skill development courses will be
“For effective development of present on the occasion. imparted under the Pradhan Mantri
any smart city, skilled workforce Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY).
is required and this MoU will work Under the pact, NDMCSCL
has decided to develop a World

8,000 candidates to undergo skill-development training under RSDC

The RSDC, a sector skill council candidates will be assessed, trained an incentive to bridge their skill gaps
for the rubber sector set up by and certified under the Recognition and be recognised for the skills that
the All-India Rubber Industries of Prior Learning (RPL). The they possess,” said Meghna Mishra,
Association (AIRIA) and Automotive Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) Chief Executive Officer, RSDC.
Tyre Manufacturers Association is a platform to ensure informal
(ATMA) in collaboration with learning or learning at the work The project implementation
the National Skill Development place gets equal recognition and agency (PIA), Mentor Skills India
Corporation (NSDC), is focusing certification as the formal levels of LLP, has been mandated to provide
on skill development and training education. skill gap training as per the RSDC
needs of the rubber sector. guidelines. After the training,
The job roles for which the candidates will be assessed
The Rubber Skill Development candidates will be certified include by independent assessors and
Council (RSDC) has launched a junior rubber technician, mill certification will be done by the
major effort towards upskilling and operator, compression moulding RSDC.
reskilling of workforce employed operator, material handling and
in rubber industries.The training storage operator. Prominent names that have
is being currently provided under enrolled for the RPL project in
the Pradhan Mantri Kausal Vikas “This project will benefit the Punjab include Metro Tyres,
Yojana (PMKVY) of the Central industry, where they will be able to Ludhiana; Govind Rubber Ltd.,
Government. match the skills of their workforce Ludhiana; Ralson India Ltd.,
and deploy them efficiently. At the Ludhiana; and Speedways Tyre Ltd.,
The ongoing exercise, over 8,000 same time, the work force will have Jalandhar.

NSDC ties up with Art of Living to skill youth The National Skill Development
Corporation (NSDC) signed a
28 Skill Power April 2017 Memorandum of Understanding with the
Art of Living Digital India Movement to
empower the youth of the country with
‘vocational training and entrepreneurship
development’, the NSDC declared through
Social Media platform.

The MoU was signed in the presence of
Rajiv Pratap Rudy, Minister of State Skill
Development and Entrepreneurship and
Sri Sri Ravi Shankar, the founder of Art of
Living.

The MoU between the two will also
strive to spread digital literacy and teach
entrepreneurship skills to the youth.

GE Healthcare to spend $300 mn on affordable solutions in India, South Asia

GE Healthcare will invest $300 million (Rs 1,996 crore) Bangalore. Beyond cost-effectiveness, our equipment are
in next five years to deliver affordable healthcare solutions also designed to take care of empathy of the patients,”
across India, other South Asian countries and Africa. added Bresenham.

A subsidiary of US-based conglomerate General She believes India’s model can potentially revolutionise
Electric, GE Healthcare delivers healthcare equipment healthcare delivery in the rest of the world with low-cost
and technology services that are aimed at reducing and quality care.
cost of care using digital technologies. The firm has also
partnered with 11 organisations to provide technical GE Healthcare also aims to create a pool of quality
skills to medical industry professionals. While it has medical professionals to extend better care beyond
trained nearly 6,500 people through skill enhancement urban areas. The company is co-creating programmes
programmes, GE Healthcare aims to train another 10,000 and solutions with Healthcare Sector Skill Council and
people annually to extend better healthcare solutions medical institutions. It has redesigned a radiology course
across smaller cities and towns. with a mix of classroom training and internship to make
people economically stable and will work on training the
“We will invest nearly $300 million across India and aspiring medical professionals with soft skills.
South Asian countries to extend our cost-effective
healthcare solutions. For example, we are working on a
cost-effective imaging facility (CT scan) which will reduce
the cost for CT scan by 40 per cent. We are also working
on an affordable incubation facility for premature babies
to reduce the infant mortality rate,” said Terri Bresenham,
president & CEO, Sustainable Healthcare Solutions, GE
Healthcare.

The company is primarily focusing on providing
affordable care through digitisation of diagnostic
information. Such equipment and technologies will be
designed and manufactured in India.

“What will be coming up later this year is a cost-effective
incubation facility designed and manufactured here in

All polytechnic colleges to come under skill development ministry

The committee of secretaries Once enacted, this recommendation starts from the level of secondary
has recommended that all 23,000 will result in polytechnic colleges education, provides diploma
polytechnic colleges – with 16 lakh getting transferred from the holders with an opportunity to gain
engineering students – and other department of higher education to lateral entry into technical degree
significant central skill development the MSDE. institutions.For instance,an individual
programmes run by various with a three-year diploma can be
ministries be converged under the Apart from polytechnics, skilling admitted directly in the second year
Ministry of Skill Development and programmes for spinning and of a technical degree institution by
Entrepreneurship (MSDE). weaving under the integrated passing the lateral entry test.
skill development scheme of the
Engineering students undertaking ministry of textiles and community “Furthermore, it will be our
vocational education in the form development training polytechnics endeavour to increase the number
of three-year diploma courses are – both components of the national of technical institutions providing
currently governed through norms set apprenticeship training scheme for lateral entry to polytechnic diploma
by the All India Council for Technical undergraduates (10+2) – will also holders because such options are still
Education, under the purview of the be transferred to the MSDE from limited. The decades-old problems
HRD ministry. The shift is seen as the department of higher education plaguing polytechnics have resulted
yet another attempt by the MSDE to (which functions under the aegis of in inadequate or non-existence of
bring a scattered mandate of skilling the HRD ministry), said officials. industry connect. Being a supply
under one roof. driven model, we plan to convert
Minister of State for Skill polytechnics into demand-driven
In 2015, the central government Development and Entrepreneurship models. Just like there are industry-
had transferred 22,000 Industrial (Independent Charge) Rajiv Pratap led sector skill councils for ITIs,
Training Institutes (ITIs) – the training Rudy said, “This will result in the similar bodies to reduce skill gaps and
and apprenticeship verticals of the opening of lateral pathways in training improve the quality of polytechnic
directorate general of employment and upward mobility of students with colleges will be put in place,” said
and training – from the labour ministry a bottom-up approach.” Rudy.
to the skill development ministry.
Intake to the institutions, which

April 2017 Skill Power 29

CSIR-NEIST organises skill development programme

CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology, vermicomposting, banana fibre extraction and products,
Itanagar branch organised a skill development solid and liquid deodorant, wood care, mosquito repellent
programme on “post training intervention for initial incense sticks and candles, and cultivation of aromatic
financial assistance and business link-up” under the plants and distillation technology during February and
CSIR-800 programme at the institute premises. March this year.

CSIR-NEIST took upon itself the onerous task of The basic objective of the programme of the post
developing a few simple technologies suitable for the training intervention programme for the beneficiaries,
micro-scale sector of the industry which are simple, entrepreneurs and farmers was to set up a business link-
easy to operate with low skill and minimum land, labour up and initial financial assistance to start or implement
and capital, and are meant for the unskilled or semi- the CSIR technologies.
skilled entrepreneurs.Accordingly, the institute had
completed four awareness cum training programmes on Around 60 farmers, villagers, and beneficiaries
mushroom spawn production and cultivation technology, from different parts of Arunachal Pradesh and North
Lakhimpur, Assam attended the day-long programme.

Sankhya Infotech Ltd Launches B2C Skills Training with TSSC

Sankhya Infotech Ltd. a global leader technology and learning management would lead skill development and our
in offering simulation and training platform. Telecom sector has high rate partnership with Sankhya is aimed at
solutions, announced partnership with of obsolescence due to rapid technology this objective.We are confident that skills
Telecom Sector Skill Council (TSSC), changes and to meet the changing provided by Sankhya to the telecom
an apex body to impart skilled human needs the skills of people needs to professionals will make the sector more
resources to the telecom industry, to be enhanced at a faster pace. Our dynamic and strong”.
provide online and digital training to partnership with TSSC will help improve
telecom professional across India. the skills using the online platforms and KPMG National Skills Development
virtual classrooms using digital tools like Council Report estimates 5.6 Million
As the digital content partner for Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality”. telecom services jobs in India in the
TSSC, Sankhya would offer various next 5 years. Indian Cellular Association
TSSC courses on an online e-market Speaking on the partnership, TSSC report estimates 3.1 Million telecom
place giving trainees experiential training sector manufacturing jobs over the next
in learning telecom technology. Chief Executive Officer, Lt. Gen (Dr) SP 5 years that need high degree of skill.
Kochhar said “Telecom sector is one Government of India’s “Make in India”
Commenting on the partnership, of the largest employment generating program is expected to push the demand
N Sridhar, Chairman and Managing sectors in the country and it has the for telecom sector jobs even further, and
Director, Sankhya Infotech said, “We are potential to generate 5.6 million Job in the next 5 years over 10 million skilled
excited by the launch of the first B2C opportunities over the next 5 years (as jobs in telecom sector are expected to be
training technology platform. Sankhya’s per the KPMG report). This gives rise generated in India.
high fidelity immersive training to the need for an organization that

ITI students to get equivalent certificates as Class 10 & 12 through MSDE

The Human Resource Development (HRD) Ministry ITI course need not have to pursue 10+2 and they can get
has accepted the suggestion made by the Ministry of Skill direct admission to the first year of the graduate programme.
Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) to set up a
separate board for Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs). The Minister of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship, Rajiv
separate board will award Class 10 & 12 certificates that are Pratap Rudy, explained that an eighth pass ITI student can get
equivalent to the certificates issued by regular boards. The direct admission to Class 10 in any recognised school across
approval will benefit around two million students who have the country. National Council for Vocational Training (NCVT)
been graduating from ITIs every year. Currently, there are will conduct the academic examination for ITI pass-outs.
13,000 ITIs across the country.
He further specified that there has been a fall in the number
The academic certificates that are issued to students who of students joining in Industrial Training Institutes. Therefore,
pass out from ITIs will be acknowledged by NCERT, CBSE, the new ITIs, which are going to come up soon, will maintain
AICTE, UGC, AIU and state education boards. These students standards at par with Kendriya Vidyalayas and other training
will get admission to the institutes that are recognised by these institutes.
boards.
As per the proposal, subjects like Mathematics, Hindi and
With this decision, the students who are pursuing two-year English will be added to the curriculum of ITI and it will become
mandatory for the students to clear these subjects.

30 Skill Power April 2017

March 2017 Skill Power 31