1 !"#$%&'()* SM POI LAM (SUWA) IPOH FINAL EXAMINATION 2022 BIOLOGY PAPER 4 DATE: 17-11-2022 TIME: 1425-1540 (1 hour 15 minutes) Name: ________________________ Reg no: ______________ Class: S1LI, SIHE ___________________________________________________________________________ READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST 1. Please answer all questions. 2. This paper consists of 7 structured questions. 3. Answer ALL questions in the spaces provided. 4. Each correct answer will be given the marks indicated at the side. The total mark of this paper is 80%. This paper consists of 14 printed pages. Prepared by ： ……………………… (MS. WONG YAO WEN) Checked by： ………………… (MR. LOKE WAI CHUAN) Do not turn this page unless you are told to do so.
2 1. The menstrual cycle involves monthly changes in the ovary and the uterus. Figure below shows the sequence of changes within the ovary that occur during the menstrual cycle. a) Name structures R and S, using the options given. (2m) R: _____________________________ S: _________________________ b) State the name of the process that is occurring at T, using the options given. (1m) _____________________________________________________________________ c) Describe the role of oestrogen in controlling the menstrual cycle. (4m) _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ d) Describe the role of progesterone during the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. (3m) _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ [TOTAL= 10 MARKS] Choose your answer from: Ovum Corpus luteum Follicle Ovulation Fertilisation
3 2. Figure below shows the events that follow fertilisation in a human. a) Name structures A, B and C, using the options given. (3m) A B C b) State the process that is occurring at D and the process that is occurring at E, using the options given. (2m) D E c) Suggest how the embryo is moved along the oviduct. (2m) _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ Choose your answer from: Cervix Uterus Vagina Oviduct Cell division Ovulation Implantation
4 d) Figure below shows the human female reproductive system. Complete the table by: • naming the part of the system that carries out each of the functions, using the options given; • using the letters from the figure to identify the part of the system named. (3m) Function Name of organs Letter in figure Production of gametes Site of implantation Site of fertilisation Dilates during birth Cervix V Ovary Uterus Ovary Urethra Oviduct [TOTAL= 10 MARKS]
5 3. The growth and development of an embryo begins immediately after fertilisation. The figure below shows some of the events (S to Y) between fertilisation and birth. a) Put the events into the correct sequence. Two have been done for you. (2m) Y X b) Figure below shows a developing fetus and part of the reproductive system of the mother. Complete the table according to the figure below. (5m)
6 c) State two places where progesterone is produced during pregnancy. (2m) ________________________________________________________________________ d) Arrange the different stages in the correct sequence (from fertilisation to birth): fetus, embryo, baby, zygote (1m) ______________________________________________________________________________ [TOTAL= 10 MARKS]
7 4. The figure below is a diagram showing the events from pollination to fertilisation in a species of flowering plant. a) Name the likely method of pollination for the flowers shown at A. Give an explanation for your choice. (3m) _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ b) In the figure above, the pollen is transferred from one plant to another. State the name for this type of pollination. (1m) _____________________________________________________________________ c) Name structure B and state its function. (2m) _____________________________________________________________________
8 d) Describe what happens at fertilisation in flowering plants. (2m) _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ e) Name the part of the flower that develops into the seed. (1m) _____________________________________________________________________ f) Name the part of the flower that develops into the fruit. (1m) _____________________________________________________________________ [TOTAL= 10 MARKS] 5. Figure below is a vertical section of the kidney. a) Complete the table by: naming the part of the kidney that carries out each function, using letters from the figure to identify the part of the kidney named. One row has been completed for you. (4m)
9 Renal artery Renal vein cortex urethra ureter b) Dialysis is a treatment for kidney disease. Figure below shows a dialysis machine. The composition of the dialysis fluid changes as it passes through the dialysis machine. Complete the table using the words ‘low’, ‘high’, ‘same’ or ‘none’ to show how the concentration of each substance changes in the dialysis fluid. The last one has been done for you. (3m)
10 c) Explain how a dialysis machine filters blood. (4m) _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ d) Kidney patients may be given a kidney transplant. State one advantage and one disadvantage of kidney transplants compared with dialysis. (2m) Advantage____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ Disadvantage__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ e) Outline the role of liver in excretion. (2m) _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ [TOTAL= 15 MARKS]
11 6. A woodlouse is a small animal. The rate of respiration of a woodlouse can be measured using a simple respirometer as shown in the figure below. As the woodlouse respires the drop of coloured liquid moves along the capillary tube. a) Record the position of the drop of coloured liquid in the capillary tube shown in the figure at the start and after 30 minutes. (1m) start ........................................................ mm after 30 minutes ..................................... mm b) Calculate the distance moved by the drop of coloured liquid in 30 minutes. (1m) distance moved ................................................... mm c) Calculate the rate of movement of the drop of coloured liquid in mm per minute. Give your answer to one decimal place. (2m) Space for working.
12 d) The rate of movement of the drop of coloured liquid along the respirometer can be used to estimate the rate of respiration. A student used a respirometer to investigate the rate of respiration in four animal species. The results are shown in the table below. Calculate the missing mean for animal species A. (1m) e) Plot a bar chart on the grid to show the mean rate of movement of the drop of coloured liquid in the capillary tube for the four animal species. (3m)
13 f) Diagram below shows a photograph of a woodlouse. Draw a large diagram of the woodlouse. (4m) g) Write the equation of aerobic respiration. (1m) _____________________________________________________________________ h) Write the equation of anaerobic respiration in muscle cell. (1m) _____________________________________________________________________ i) Write the equation of anaerobic respiration in yeast. (1m) _____________________________________________________________________ [TOTAL= 15 MARKS]
14 7. Synapse are essential for the transmission of messages from one neurone to another. a) Define the term synapse. (1m) _____________________________________________________________________ b) Describe how impulses are transmitted across a synapse. (3m) _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ c) When a body senses danger, more adrenaline is secreted from the adrenal glands. Describe two ways in which the hormone adrenaline affects the body in preparation for action. (2m) _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ d) State one difference between nervous and hormonal control systems. (1m) _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ e) Describe the defences of the body which prevent or fight infection. (2m) _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ f) Explain why antibiotics are not successful in treating influenza. (1m) _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ [TOTAL= 10 MARKS]
