Health Intelligence | Issue 36

ANTI-AGEING|BEAUTY|PSYCHOLOGY|NUTRITION

UfHaOTrrTbOmPaICinng

– tips to get you started

Can animals
“talk”?

SA’s top destination spas

Including reader offers

Low-carb feasting
for the holidays Forever young

The curse of Latest beauty secrets
perfectionism

15036 The face behind Miss Earth

9 772078 602004

R SA R 38 . 0 0 ( VAT I N CLU D ED) Catherine Constantinides, on saving the planet

OTHER COUNTRIES R33.30
NOV/DEC 2015 ISSUE 36





HEALTH INTELLIGENCE

78 88

On the cover 12 MEDICAL MUSE

26 THE FACE BEHIND MISS EARTH – A four-pronged approach to coping with stress

– Catherine Constantinides inspires us to become 14 HEALTH MATTERS
active citizens
– News, views & updates
36 CAN ANIMALS “TALK”?
16 HEADLINE NEWS
– Astonishing stories from animal communicator
Anna Breytenbach – The latest scientific discoveries

70 THE CURSE OF PERFECTIONISM 18 BEAUTY UPDATE

– How trying to be perfect sets us up for failure – Tips and tricks for your aesthetic needs

72 URBAN FARMING 20 GROWING UP

– Tips for keeping fish tanks, chickens and bees – Healthy tips for healthy kids
in city spaces
22 ON THE COUCH
93 LOW-CARB FEASTING FOR THE HOLIDAYS
– All about staying psychologically fit
– Healthy, fuss-free recipes the whole family
can enjoy 24 FOUR BIG QUESTIONS

98 FOREVER YOUNG – The experts weigh in

– Which anti-ageing treatments really work, 78 SMART FOOD
and which to avoid
– Foods that keep you healthy
102 SA’S TOP DESTINATION SPAS
106 BEAUTY FINDS
– Unwind at these award-winning spas, with a
little extra for our readers – Festive treats to make your day

Regulars 108 PRODUCT SHELF

4 CONTRIBUTORS – Nifty gadgets and must-have glam items
5 EDITOR’S LETTER
6 MEDICAL ADVISORY BOARD 110 BOOK BUZZ
8 MEET THE EXPERT
– Interesting reads on our radar this issue
– Sexual-health expert Dr Elna Rudolph
112 TITBITS
10 MURPHY’S LAW
– Get a taste of Africa at Cape Town’s
– How to protect your skin from summer sunshine
Moyo Eden on the Bay

2 NOV/DEC 2015 ISSUE 36

contents

26 72 36 110

In this issue 64 THE STATIN CONTROVERSY

25 THE GIFT OF LIFE – All you need to know about

– How to become an organ donor cholesterol-lowering drugs

32 IT’S ALL IN YOUR HEAD 66 RETHINKING ADDICTION

– The ins and outs of sports intelligence – Busting common misconceptions

38 GUT HEALTH AND YOUR IMMUNITY about substance abuse

– An inseparable relationship at the core of 68 FRAGILE GENES

good health – Spotlight on fragile X syndrome

42 CONTRACEPTION 80 THE DIET OF THE FUTURE

– All the options to prevent unwanted pregnancy – A shift in global thinking

46 MUSIC FOR THE SOUL 84 TIPS TO RESIST HOLIDAY TEMPTATIONS

– We explore the health-enhancing effects of music – Stay on track with your weight-loss goals

50 MIND MATTERS 88 BREASTFEEDING BEYOND A YEAR

– Diagnosing mental illnesses may soon b ecome – The pros and cons

easier and more accurate 90 5 HEALTHY FOODS YOU CAN OVERDOSE ON

52 KEEPING FIT OUTSIDE THE GYM – Avoid these dietary pitfalls

– Gym-free ways to stay in shape during the holidays 105 FAREWELL

56 FEEL HAPPIER AND HEALTHIER NOW – A message from the team

– Expert tips for fast results

60 YOU’VE GOT PERSONALITY

– How your personality affects your career

HEALTH INTELLIGENCE | 3

HEALTHY LIVING Contributors

PUBLISHER Dr Garrath Rosslee is a registered
Health Intelligence Magazine psychologist with a master’s degree
in industrial psychology, business
EDITOR Rosanne Buchanan
ethics and strategy, as well as a PhD in
DEPUTY EDITOR Clio Stevens sports intelligence. He advises sports
organisations on how to improve
MEDICAL WRITER Dr Juliane Weber
performance by optimising psychological
DESIGNER Patricia Carey skills. He writes about sports intelligence
ADVERTISING & MARKETING
Robyn Taylor on page 32.
[email protected]
Jane Griffiths, television producer, writer
PHOTOGRAPHY Shutterstock and gardening guru, is no stranger to HI.

GENERAL ENQUIRIES She’s just published her fourth book, Jane’s
[email protected] Delicious Urban Gardening. It’s packed
with inspirational ideas and practical
EDITORIAL ENQUIRIES information on all aspects of urban eco
[email protected] living. Read our exclusive extract “All
creatures great and small” on page 72.
SUBSCRIPTIONS AND BACK COPIES
Email [email protected] or Celynn Erasmus is a registered dietician
call +27 (0)86 014 6247 or download who works as a full-time professional
a subscription form at Himag.co.za/subscribe/ speaker and writer. She offers some

DISTRIBUTION end-of-year advice in her “Tips to resist
On the Dot holiday temptations” on page 84.
Email [email protected] Tel 086 188 8989
Former HI cover star Lisa Raleigh is a
CONTRIBUTING WRITERS fitness trend influencer, wellness activist, TV
David Arthur, Celynn Erasmus, Aimee Eveleigh, Jane Griffiths, Keri Harvey, personality, author, and lifestyle and wellness
Kirsten Helm, Dr Peter Hill, Tammy Jacks, Dr Yael Joffe, Kath Megaw,
Brent Murphy, Tamzyn Murphy Campbell, Lisa Raleigh, Dr Garrath Rosslee, expert. On page 52, she rounds up the top
Dr James Saunders, Janine Shamos, Steph Vermeulen holiday-friendly workouts.

POSTAL ADDRESS AND CONTACT NUMBER Aimee Eveleigh is a producer and host of
PO Box 68048 popular talk shows, including “What the
Bryanston 2021
Tel +27 (0)11 783 3906 Food show”, on 2oceansviberadio.com. She
WEBSITE writes a restaurant review for us on page 112.
Himag.co.za

All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part
without written permission is strictly prohibited.

RECYCLE Special thanks to our advisory board contributors
for sharing their wisdom in this issue.
Health Intelligence magazine is a certified member
of the Audit Bureau of Circulations South Africa. Tamzyn Murphy Campbell, who looks into the benefits of
breastfeeding beyond a year on page 88 and highlights five
The articles contained herein are intended for informational purposes only. They are not healthy foods you can overdose on (page 90).
to replace the attention or advice of a doctor or medical specialist. Anyone embarking
on any dietary, medicine, exercise or other lifestyle change described in this magazine Dr Yael Joffe, who reflects on her 25 years in dietetics and hints
should first consult with a healthcare professional. at the diet of the future on page 80.
Health Intelligence magazine takes no responsibility for the content of the advertising
material contained therein. Health Intelligence magazine does not evaluate advertised COVER PHOTOGRAPH Kevin Mark Pass @healthintmag
products or services, nor do we assess advertising claims. Neither the appearance Facebook.com/health.intelligence
of advertising in Health Intelligence magazine, nor references to products or services
within advertisements, constitutes a guarantee or endorsement of the claims made
by the advertiser. Health Intelligence magazine reserves the right to decline or refuse
advertisements in its sole and absolute discretion.

References available on request

4 NOV/DEC 2015 ISSUE 36

L editor’s letter

start with a spark of creativity, or a
change in perspective.

This happened for me at a recent
event. The Forum Company, run

ife can be so by such a forward-thinking person,

inspiring sometimes. Just Glynis Hyslop, hosted an art and food

when we think we’re going through an “Instawalk”, where a small group of

impossible time, something small but clients and media was taken on an

great can happen. Even an inspired interactive journey, from making bread

idea can be a life-saver. to an art tour interspersed with “food

To quote one of my favourite installations” celebrating their core

movies, Under the Tuscan Sun (much business, food, to doing a self-portrait

to the consternation of my husband, with your eyes closed (hence the

who is not allowed to delete this Picasso-like editor’s picture this issue!).

movie from our recordings): “Do you Faced with some tough decisions

know the most surprising thing about – or decision fatigue, as coined by

divorce? It doesn’t actually kill you. another very clever thought leader on

Like a bullet to the heart or a head-on fuelling our energy, Celynn Erasmus,

car wreck. It should. When someone also a key presenter at this event

you’ve promised to cherish 'til death – I went along to the event. Once I got

do you part says ‘I never loved you’, it there I was instantly swept up into a

should kill you instantly. I must have world of art and play. A highlight was

known, of course, but I was too scared “play activist” Anthea Moys sharing her

to see the truth. Then fear just makes ideas around using play to re-educate

you so stupid.” ourselves by creating new rules and

You can be at the end of your perspectives. And I realised it is this

tether or in the depths of despair, not space that is so vital for our own

realising there is something good development and personal reckoning.

around the corner, as in the case of On the topic of opening our minds

Frances Mayes in Under the Tuscan Sun. to new ideas, don’t miss Keri Harvey’s

And sometimes something new can interview with astounding animal

communicator Anna Breytenbach

(page 36) and Dr Juliane Weber’s

CEbSGAEsuoessisfratnheeteulgtlehslhterkiaygaaimRnhhtLouaepcHulameaGexrrg,tpresaEieeofhnvrrrn,aagosCnsmemCos.tlpbBaoKoeiaogruiresoaMrsstkB“lRueaefbet,eantunGhvi3azeaoe4nzefeus'sLs,Sar,eEithGctaebeoisD-rlslAmaaaeDhnrvnptiynimi,deeceMsrlt,eD,BiitMJcagoiahoyaimseveunrielriul,nDewaKsgweWgiMonvwa,aaynEyla,bsem”Lkhurygp.msrnwgBa!nehegel,aBeeSHuonAimitcelnhliaoenVarnne,eyNlcldMiBezamiecotakagKlenilaeer,fsyed,n.ugPerlede, z, investigation into the science behind
music as a form of therapy on page 46.
Sharon Pettit, Thabo Molemohi
There’s lots of good science and
medical reading too, so kick back and
relax this holiday. Wishing you all the
best for the holiday season from the
HI Team.

Rosanne Buchanan
PS Please read our farewell

note on page 105.

HEALTH INTELLIGENCE | 5

Prof Justus Apffelstaedt David Arthur our experts
Surgeon MBChB, MMed, FCS, MBA Pharmacist BPharm, ABAAHP
Each issue, we bring you advice, research updates and health
Diplomate, FAARM, MPS tips from our panel of local and international medical
advisory board contributors. These specialists follow an
integrative approach to well-being

Dr Sindeep Bhana Dr Corné Brink
Endocrinologist BSc, MBBCh, Obstetrician and Gynaecologist

FCP Cert Endocrinology MBChB, FCOG, MMed (O&G)

Dr Maureen dos Ramos Joanne Enslin-de Wet
Homeopathic Doctor MTech, Physiotherapist BSc

HomABAARM, FAARFM Physiotherapy, BSc Med Hons
Sports Med, MSc Exercise
Dr Duncan Carmichael Lara Dave Physiology (US)
Medical Doctor MBChB, Integrative Clinical Nutritionist

MRCGP (UK) BA (Communication), BCom (Hons)
(Financial Management), Dip
Clinical Nutrition

Dr Yvonne Holt
Medical Doctor MBBCh,

Diploma in Child Healthcare,

Dr Antoinette dos Ramos Richter Diploma in
Homeopathic Doctor MTech,
HomABAARM, FAARFM Dr Sascha Edelstein Transfusion Medicine
Obstetrician and Gynaecologist
Dr Vivien Jandera Dr Yael Joffe
MBChB, FCOG, MMed (O&G), Plastic and Reconstructive
MPhil (Reproductive) Certificate in Surgeon MBChB, FCS Registered Dietician RD, PhD

Reproductive Medicine

Dr Gerrit Gouws Tamzyn Murphy Campbell Brent Murphy Dr Clive Novis
Medical Doctor MBChB Registered Dietician BSc Med (Hons) Pharmacist BPharm, MPS Ophthalmologist Dip

(Human Nutrition and Dietetics), RD Optom, MBBCh (Cum Laude),

Dr Ahmed Haffejie MMed, FCS (Oph)
Medical Doctor MBBCh,

ABAARM, A4M Member

Prof Elna McIntosh Dr Riaz Motara
Sexual Healthcare
Practitioner PhD (Human Cardiologist MBBCh, FCP

Sexuality), DEd, MPublic Tony Paladin

Health Biokineticist BSc (Hons)

(Biokinetics), BSc (Physiology, Dr Anton Potgieter

Psychology, Human Plastic and Reconstructive

Movement Science), CrossFit Surgeon MBBCh,

Dr Sly Nedic Level 1 Coach FC (Plas Surg)

Aesthetic Physician MBChB, Dr Kamlen Pillay
Aesthetic Physician MBChB,
6 NOV/DEC 2015 ISSUE 36 WOSAAM-Certified MBA, FAAAM

The views expressed in this magazine are not necessarily those of the experts on the medical advisory board, nor of the editors or the publisher. For more details about our advisory board visit Himag.co.za Dr Anushka Reddy Dr Elna Rudolph Dr Kevin Scheepers Dr Charles Serrurier
Aesthetic Physician MBBCh Medical Doctor MBChB, General Practitioner MBBCh Cosmetic and Reconstructive
Plastic Surgeon MBBCH, FCS
HDip (Sexual Health
(Plas Surg) (CMSA)

and HIV Medicine),

MHSc (Sexual

Health), FECSM

Dr Simone Silver Dr Wian Stander Dr Wilmé Steenekamp
General Practitioner MBBCh Dr Riekie Smit Medical Doctor MBChB Psychological Therapist and
Sexologist MBChB, BA (Hons) (Psych)
Medical Doctor MBChB, MSc

(Sports Medicine)

Dr Nelia Steyn Dr Sam Thandar
Registered Dietician RD, Aesthetic Dentist BDS, Ddont

MPH, PhD (Endo) Pdd (Aesthetics)
Cum Laude
Dr Mark Steinmann
Plastic and Reconstructive international panel

Surgeon MBBCh, FCS

(Plas Surg)

Dr Sandi Amolis Dr Steve Amolis Dr Linda Friedland
Aesthetic Physician MBBCh Medical Doctor MBBCh, MD Medical Doctor MD

Dr Thierry Hertoghe Dr Hyla Cass Prof John N Giannios
Medical Doctor and Psychiatrist MD, DABPN, Translational Medicine and Personalised
Endocrinologist MD Cancer Practitioner, Molecular Oncologist and
DABIHM
Nanosurgeon BSc (Biol), BSc (Chem),
Dr Andrew Heyman
Medical Doctor MD, MHSA CertGCP, PGCertTMed, GDiplTMed, MScTMed,
cDSc, M/D Prof

Dr Sahar Swidan
Dr Mark Houston Dr Mark Rosenberg Doctor of Pharmacy PharmD,
Dr Bruce Hoffman Specialist Physician Medical Doctor MD, FACEP
Medical Doctor MBChB, RPh, ABAAHP, FAARFM
MD, MS, FACP, FAHA, FASH,
LMCC, ABAARM, FAARFM FACH, ABAARM, FAARM HEALTH INTELLIGENCE | 7

DOCTOR’S Q&A

Meet the expert

Sexual-health expert Dr Elna Rudolph heads up
My Sexual Health – a team of health professionals in
Pretoria, Johannesburg, Cape Town and Witbank
that offers treatment for all sex- and relationship-
related concerns. We asked her some intimate
questions …

How do you start your day? What’s your best advice for What are the biggest trends in
When I’m not travelling, I like an early maintaining a healthy sex life terms of human sexuality?
start, so I get up at 5am. That gives me as we age? How we can use hormones and
some me-time (which usually means Firstly, know what you want. If long- lifestyle interventions to keep people
sorting out admin and responding to term monogamy is what you aim for, sexually healthy for longer. There
emails!). At 7am I spend time with my keep your relationship emotionally has also been a lot of talk about
husband, Johann, where we connect intimate and your sexual experiences transgender issues, which I’m happy
spiritually and emotionally. We then frequent and special. Special is more about because we want to spread
have breakfast together.  important than exciting because it awareness of the support available for
is impossible for things to continue people from this community.
What is your favourite gadget to get more and more exciting
(at home)? with the same person. But they can What book are you
My new yoghurt maker, but the certainly get more and more special currently reading?
one I spend most of my time with and intense. Secondly, listen to your There are four: Bryce Courtney’s The
is unfortunately my cool Samsung body. If things are not working the Power of One; A Headache in the Pelvis by
laptop with a detachable screen that way they used to, there’s likely a David Wise and Rodney Anderson; How
doubles up as a tablet. medical reason for it, and it can to Raise a Lady by Kay West; and The
be addressed. Zimzum of Love by Rob Bell.
How do you stay healthy?
I started Banting a few months ago What excites you How do you re-energise when
and that has been so beneficial for my about your field? you are feeling low?
health, energy levels and general well- I love helping women who have I sleep! My energiser is travel. For work,
being. I’m paying attention to what I painful intercourse to experience I try to attend a few international
eat and how it affects my body for the pain-free sex and helping couples conferences every year. I always take
first time in my life. I try to get to yoga who have lost interest in their sex extra days to explore the country and
at least once a week and gym twice lives to rekindle their passion. experience other cultures. HI
a week, and Johann and I walk our
Great Danes if we get home before
dark. And I supplement.

References available on request

8 NOV/DEC 2015 ISSUE 36



MURPHY'S LAW

Protect your skin

It’s almost the end of the year, which means summer sunshine
… and skin damage 

By Brent Murphy ways to rejuvenate the skin’s cells on a cellular
BPharm, MPS level. So while the sunscreen helps keep you safe
from the sun, certain oral supplements can repair
T your skin from within your body. HI
he South African sun is one of the harshest in
the world due to the relative lack of protective ozone in the The most effective ingredients
atmosphere above our country. This means we’re exposed to
more skin-damaging UV sun rays. UV rays oxidise and destroy • Coenzyme Q10 This skin-healing antioxidant is
the skin’s collagen and elastin tissues, causing sagging and naturally produced by the body; however, levels decline
wrinkles. More than 90% of the visible changes commonly with age, resulting in accelerated skin ageing and
attributed to skin ageing are caused by the sun’s rays. wrinkles. Take at least 100mg daily, especially if you’re
older than 40.
Sun damage and cancer
• Alpha lipoic acid This antioxidant neutralises the free
These rays also deform skin-cell DNA, which can lead to skin radicals that are formed when UV rays make contact with
cancer. Skin cancer accounts for approximately 50% of all the skin. These free radicals damage collagen, causing
cancers, making it the most common type of cancer. In fact, sagging and fragile skin. Take 150–250mg daily.
skin cancer is more common than breast, prostate, lung and
colon cancers combined. • Vitamin A This vitamin helps slow down the formation
of fine wrinkles, age spots and rough skin. Take 10,000IU
Applying a topical sun-blocking agent daily is important daily (don’t take more than 3,000IU if pregnant).
but this needs to be reapplied diligently throughout the
day. While some people meticulously apply sunscreen • Green tea Research shows that EGCG, a substance
every day, there are too many of us who don’t – it’s only found in green tea, may help protect against skin cancer.
when we feel the intensity of the sun on our face, neck and Drink two cups of green tea daily or take 300mg in
arms that we remember to apply sunscreen. capsule form each morning.

Do oral supplements work?

Wouldn’t it be great if you could pop a pill and your skin
would be protected from the inside? It sounds too good
to be true, and in a sense it is. There’s no oral supplement
that can replace topical sunscreen, so topical applications
are still important.

However, whereas sunblock provides protection from the
outside, taking specific antioxidants works in more powerful

10 NOV/DEC 2015 ISSUE 36

Botox®
Lip, cheek & chin augmentation
Nasolabial & smoker’s lines
Mesotherapy - cellulite, fat & facial glow
TITAN™ - for sagging face, jowls & neck
IPL - sun spots & pigmentation
Cryo-Meso-peel facial & chemical peel
Dermoroller
Tripollar® Cellulite treatment & firming

Gorgeous,YoungeNr ow! VelaShape™ Cellulite & post pregnancy shape
CAVIX™ - cavitation for stubborn fat
Anti-aging consultation & genetic testing
Bio-identical hormone replacement

Complete facial and body MAKEOVER FOR MEN NEW AT 8TH SENSE:
AND WOMEN done in a sophisticated environment. LED new generation - stretch marks & scars
i Pixel - fractional laser for wrinkles
THERMAGE®: HARMONY XL® - pain free hair removal, all
skin types
= 8th Sense is #1 in Thermage in Africa – the Rolls Royce in aesthetics! Body Health - ultrasonic lipolysis for fat removal
= ONCE OFF ONLY! Doctors exclusively! Tighten, contour, smooth…
= Now available CPT Thermage - pain free & better results

Phone 011 884 6418 Once-off Thermage: face, neck, eyes, tummy, arms, thighs, cellulite …
www.8thsense.co.za
13 Fredman Drive
Fredman Towers
Sandton

Ultimate Body 8th SENSE OFFERS THE FOLLOWING
Revival SOLUTIONS FOR BODY REVIVAL:

CAVITATION – stubborn fat
VELA SHAPE – cellulite
LED-stretch marks
THERMAGE – sagging body skin
TRIPOLLAR – body tightening
HAIR REMOVAL – pain free /all skin types
INTEGRATIVE MEDICAL APPROACH
(diet, life style changes, genetic testing)

Dr Nedic Dr Nedic uses the latest medical research in addressing body concerns holistically:
“Stretch marks: They appear on the area where the skin is excessively tensed and dermis is weakened constitutionally
Phone 011 884 6418 or by hormonal and metabolic problems. Interrupted production of collagen and elastin by damaged fibroblasts is
www.8thsense.co.za the main problem and although it is not harmful it affects self confidence. It is a treatable condition.
Fredman Towers, Abdominal fat: This is not just an aesthetic problem! It is associated with Cardiovascular problems, Insulin
13 Fredman Drive resistance and Diabetes 2, Breast cancer, Prostate and Colon cancer, Polycystic ovarian syndrome, Depression etc
Sandton due to metabolically active visceral fat. It needs medical treatment in connection with an aesthetic one.
Cellulite: It is a multi-factorial problem depending on genetic predisposition, cortisol dis-balance, stress, poor
circulation, inadequate and polluted nutrition, sedentary life style. It is however a manageable condition and it
needs an integrative medical approach with aesthetic procedures.”

Stubborn fat - CAVITATION Stretch marks - LED Cellulite -VELA SHAPE

MEDICAL MUSE

How to stress less

A four-pronged approach to coping with everyday stress

By David Arthur in those struggling to sleep, and supplementation may be
BPharm, ABAAHP Diplomate, FAARM, MPS all that’s needed to improve sleep quality and, subsequently,
stress management.
T
he vast majority of patients who come 3Inflammation
through my door need help with handling their stress. I’m Whole-body inflammation occurs when the
the first to admit that successful stress management is no body is overwhelmed with toxins that can’t be
easy feat, but – remembering that we generally can’t control eliminated fast enough.
stress and therefore have to learn to manage it instead – I’ve This can be assessed by measuring one's
recognised a four-pronged approach to doing so. inflammatory markers in the blood, such as CRP, IL-6,
ferritin, copper/zinc, cholesterol and homocysteine,
Imagine a circle with four quadrants. This is your stress wheel. to name a few. Fortunately, even simple steps like
To successfully manage your stress, each quadrant needs to reducing your intake of inflammatory processed
be equal in size. When one becomes disproportionate to the foods or removing toxins from your diet can markedly
other, stress occurs. Let’s look at the four quadrants. reduce inflammation.

1Perceptions 4Blood sugar levels
In my opinion, perceptions are the root of all Blood sugar levels that aren’t within the healthy
evil, being the basis for all kinds of assumptions. range can start affecting our moods and, hence,
Assumptions, in turn, create our attitudes towards our stress levels. If the brain doesn’t have a
and behaviour in response to every experience we have in constant supply of the correct, balanced fuel, it may release
life. So, if you change your perceptions – whether positive adrenaline, which in turn speeds up heart rate and creates
or negative – you will automatically change your behaviour. anxiety. Imbalances can be identified by measuring blood
This can be achieved through psychological therapy or sugar, HBA1C and insulin levels, which can be improved by
by doing self-esteem courses, going on spiritual quests or following simple dietary and lifestyle advice.
following certain rituals.
While a little stress in our lives is important to drive us,
2Sleep patterns motivate us, enthuse us and perhaps even give us meaning,
For optimal sleep, various hormones and it needs to be kept in check so that all four quadrants of the
neurotransmitters (such as cortisol, DHEA, stress wheel are in balance. HI
progesterone and serotonin) need to be in
balance. Nowadays, there are tests available to measure
these levels in the blood or saliva, to identify imbalances.
Low hormone or neurotransmitter levels are often present

12 NOV/DEC 2015 ISSUE 36

with VITAMIN

BioBalance™ Colds and Flu
with Vitamin C Effervescent

tablets support the immune
system and reduces the severity

and duration of colds and flu
symptoms.

BioBalance™ is locally produced
Reg. No: 2007/008216/07 ATKA TRADING 46 (Pty) Ltd T/A ATKA PHARMA

Unit 3 & 4 Block A | 1st Floor Regency Terrace | 81 Regency Drive
Route 21 Corporate Park | Irene | Gauteng
Tel: 086 111 55 32 | www.biobalance.co.za

Health matters

News, views and updates on beauty,
psychology, fitness and anti-ageing

The way to a
woman’s heart …
is also through her

Hstomach
aving heard that you can win a man’s heart by satisfying his
stomach, you may have tried to bake, grill and sous-vide your way into Prince
Charming’s arms. But it turns out that men aren’t the only ones who go weak
at the knees when faced with mouth-watering kitchen prowess – women, too,
appear to be more responsive to their suitor’s advances when decently fed.

A study examining women’s brain activity in response to romantic cues showed
that such cues triggered greater activity in brain reward regions when the
women had recently eaten compared to when they were hungry. This response
was particularly noticeable in serial dieters, who also showed a slightly different
pattern of brain activation compared to women who hadn’t dieted. In dieters, the
pattern of brain activity observed in response to romantic cues was akin to that
seen when presented with highly palatable foods, indicating a link between the
brain’s responses to sex and food. So, evidently, presenting your prospective mate
with a lavish three-course meal won’t come amiss to either gender.

Source Appetite

14 NOV/DEC 2015 ISSUE 36

ASTRONAUT_CF_HI0515 SAY GOODBYE TO DRY HAIR AND SKIN,
FATIGUE, REDUCED STAMINA, HEADACHES,
DIZZINESS AND IRRITABILITY.

WITH FERROCHEL

Ferrochel is chelated iron bound to amino acid
proteins ensuring:
• Excellent absorption
• Reduced constipation or nausea
• No interactions with calcium, magnesium or zinc
• No dietary interactions
• Keeps you feeling well
Available in tablets or syrup to suit all ages
Contains folic acid

For more information
please e-mail [email protected] or visit www.ascendis.co.za

HEALTH MATTERS headline news

Track your
health

Dr Riaz Motara

A team including our very own advisory board expert Dr Riaz Motara
has just introduced KardioFit, a service that lets you monitor your blood
pressure – anytime, anywhere – supported by real-time clinical expertise.
This SA innovation uses technology to track your vital signs and connect
you with medical professionals, helping you to sidestep hypertension
complications. For a monthly charge that works out to less than a
cup of coffee a day, KardioFit gives you a free blood pressure monitor,
cellphone app, 24-hour medical evacuation in case of a hypertensive
emergency and several other resources and discounts to help you take
charge of your health. Visit Kardiofit.co.za

Mending damaged hearts Antibiotic-resistant An aspirin a day to …
bacteria have a boy?
Canadian researchers have developed
a microscopic, Velcro-inspired Bacteria that don’t respond to Research shows that about 51% of
“bandage” for damaged heart tissues, antibiotic treatment prolong the babies are boys – or at least that
dubbed Tissue-Velcro. Heart cells duration of illness and increase the was the case until a few decades
are grown on meshes consisting of risk of serious disease and death. ago, when more and more girls
multiple tiny loops and hooks, which Identifying such bacteria can started making their appearance.
can be connected to each other to take several days using standard Scientists believe that this may be
create a scaffold – which eventually techniques – time that many patients linked with the greater prevalence
dissolves on its own – for the desired simply don’t have. But researchers at of inflammation, which may impair
cell configuration. Heart cells grown Arizona State University have come a woman’s ability to sustain a male
on Tissue-Velcro were found to be up with a much speedier method, in embryo. But a new study reveals that
functional within days, contracting on the form of a hand-held device that daily use of low-dose aspirin may
their own and in unison when stacked takes only a few minutes to distinguish negate this effect by suppressing
into several layers, promising potential between antibiotic-resistant and inflammation. The researchers warn,
usefulness in clinical applications. antibiotic-susceptible Staphylococcus though, that women hoping to have
epidermidis – a bacterium that causes a son shouldn’t take aspirin for this
Source Science Advances many hospital-acquired infections – reason – not only is this practice
based on differences in the bacteria’s associated with potential side effects,
electric field. but is also likely to have only a minimal
influence on determining the baby’s
Source Arizona State University gender in any one woman.

Source Journal of Clinical Investigation

16 NOV/DEC 2015 ISSUE 36



HEALTH MATTERS beauty update

We try advanced Did you know? There’s a
fluorescent technology
(AFT) photo rejuvenation reason your pedi lasts longer than your
What A non-invasive, anti-ageing mani: your fingernails tend to grow
faster than your toenails. Every month
treatment to lighten sun-damaged/ fingernails grow roughly 3.47mm,
freckled skin or age spots. For 15–30 whereas toenails grow only about
minutes, light that penetrates sub- 1.62mm.
surface skin layers is applied to the
blemished area. The heat targets Source Clinical Correlations
the blemish, triggering the body’s
healing process. Smooth operator

How A cooling gel is smoothed Getting ready to bare your legs in summer dresses and
super-short shorts? Don’t skip this step in your de-fuzzing
onto the skin and a light pulse is then and bronzing routine: exfoliation. Exfoliating several days
applied, with little discomfort. At full before your wax or chemical hair-removal treatment will
strength it feels like a rubber band slough off dead skin cells, making the treatment safer and
snapping against the skin – a little more effective. Exfoliation also preps the skin for self-tan
uncomfortable for those with a low pain application, minimising the risk of streaking. But make sure
threshold. Spots may appear darker that you exfoliate at least 24–48 hours before any hair-
after treatment but there’s no redness or removal or self-tanning session. Make your own body scrub
swelling, and no downtime is required. by mixing together two cups of brown sugar, a cup of olive
The result is a more even-toned skin, oil and a sprinkling of ground ginger.
with spots appearing lighter as the
treatment progresses. Source WebMD

Cost From R500 for hands to How often should we wash our hair?

R1,800 for face, neck and chest area. “Generally, once or twice a week should do – however, if
Three to five sessions are generally you’re very active, a daily wash is recommended. Other
required for best results. factors that determine how frequently you should wash your
hair include your ethnicity, styling practices and whether
Where Placecol salons. your hair is natural or chemically processed. People who live
in hot, humid areas may also want to wash their hair more
Placecol.com or 0861 11 22 22 often than those in cool climates, because of increased
sweating,” says Dr Ncoza Dlova, senior consultant and
principal specialist at Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine’s
dermatology department.

18 NOV/DEC 2015 ISSUE 36

UVA UVB
causes penetrates
long-term BOTH the skin’s
damage, CAN LEAD surface,
including TO SKIN releasing
premature CANCER free radicals

ageing and and causing
wrinkles sunburn

HEALTH MATTERS growing up

Sporty kids perform Young teens show screen- Banish fussy eating
better in class related sleep disruption
If you’re tired of your toddler spitting
If you want your kids to pay attention While many teenagers could happily out veggies, try these steps to banish
in the classroom when they’re old sleep the whole day, new research fussy eating: repetition, role-modelling
enough to go to school, get them reveals that sleep quality in young and rewarding. Repeatedly exposing
involved in sport when they’re still in teens can be substantially impaired your child to the disliked food,
kindergarten. A group of Canadian by night-time exposure to light – showing him how much you enjoy
scientists found that kindergarten such as that illuminating various eating it and giving him non-food
children who participated in sports electronic gadgets. Scientists found rewards can help change your child’s
– especially team sports – showed that young adolescents showed attitude to eating, as found in a study
greater engagement in classroom greater suppression of melatonin, the of 115 children aged 2–4 years, who
activities at a later age, as well as hormone that regulates the sleep- showed improved consumption and
continued participation in sports. The wake cycle, when exposed to light acceptance of disliked vegetables
researchers suggest that attention before bedtime, compared with following this approach.
skills and sporting activities share a older teens.
mutual relationship, recommending Source Appetite
that both factors should be considered Source The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &
when planning school curricula. Metabolism

Source American Journal of Health Promotion

Happy go lucky

Parents’ estimation of their children’s
happiness tends to be correlated
with their own level of happiness,
but this doesn’t necessary coincide
with the children’s own assessment.
Psychologists at Plymouth University
found that parents overestimated the
happiness of 10- and 11-year-olds,
while underestimating the happiness
of 15- and 16-year-olds, with this
discrepancy believed to be caused
by “egocentric bias”. Parents need to
communicate with their children to
find out how happy – or otherwise –
they really are.

Source Journal of Experimental Child Psychology

20 NOV/DEC 2015 ISSUE 36



HHEEAALTTHHMYALTTIVEIRNSG on the couch

2 top nightmare triggers: depression

and insomnia. A University of Turku study
has found that difficulty in falling and
staying asleep at night, and depressive
symptoms like a negative self-concept are
the strongest risk factors for bad dreams

Source American Academy of Sleep Medicine

The secret to making friends Eating love

If you want to expand your social network, start fine-tuning your stand-up Ever wonder why you find certain
comedy routine. An easy way to make people open up to you – which helps foods almost irresistible, even when
form new relationships and strengthens social bonds – is to make them laugh, you’re not peckish? Researchers
say researchers from University College London. This is because a good laugh from the University at Buffalo say it’s
stimulates the release of the happy hormone endorphin, which makes us more probably because someone you love
likely to share personal details with strangers. prepared this food for you when you
were a child, and eating it now makes
Source Springer you feel comforted, safe and socially
connected, especially when you need
How not to spot a narcissist a pick-me-up. “Because comfort food
has a social function, it is especially
Identifying people with narcissistic tendencies (so you can avoid their energy- appealing to us when we are feeling
sapping effects) just got more complicated. According to new research, the old lonely or rejected. The current study
I-talk test is no longer valid. A previous study found that narcissists’ self-focus helps us understand why we might be
makes them more prone to excessive use of the pronouns “I” and “me” (known eating comfort foods even when we’re
as I-talk), so watching out for this during conversation became a simple way to dieting or not particularly hungry,” says
pinpoint potentially socially toxic individuals – but now a study conducted by the University at Buffalo’s psychologist
five US and two German universities has debunked this finding. After carrying out Shira Gabriel.
tests on over 4,800 people (67% women, mostly undergraduate students), the
researchers found no association between personal pronoun use and narcissism. Source University at Buffalo

Source American Psychological Association

References available on request

22 NOV/DEC 2015 ISSUE 36

ASTRONAUT_OFU_HI0515 Let aching joints be the
last thing on your mind.

This natural joint health supplement has been shown to assist people suffering from joint ailments.
Osteoflex Ultra contains the highest quality ingredients:
glucosamine, chondroiten, chelated manganese and
omega-3 which are safe, effective and easily absorbed.
You only require 2 tablets daily for the 1st 4-8 weeks and
1 tablet daily thereafter.*
Packed in 60’s, so it will last you 2 months after the
loading phase.

* After loading phase

For more information
please e-mail [email protected] or visit www.ascendis.co.za

HEALTH MATTERS four big questions

You ask How can I take charge of my life?

Integrative health practitioner and clinical pharmacist David
Arthur answers …
Remember that other people can’t control your life or the way you react
to situations. Actually, you shouldn’t try to control your own life either;
aim to manage it instead. To feel calm and collected, start every day
with meditation, exercise daily and treat your gut with respect by eating
correctly (what you eat influences your mood and attention span). Focus
on what’s going right and realise that you have everything you need for
where you are right now in this lifetime.

You ask What can I do to help me fall pregnant?

Fertility specialist, gynaecologist and obstetrician Dr Sascha
Edelstein answers …
The first step is becoming familiar with your menstrual cycle. Start by
keeping a menstrual calendar: take note of the first day of one menstrual
cycle and then the first day of the next, in order to calculate cycle length;
do this over three months, to calculate an average length. Normal cycles
range from 24–35 days. Having a regular cycle length suggests you’re
ovulating (ovulation occurs 14 days before you menstruate). You’re fertile
from two days before ovulation to one day after. Once you have a regular
cycle, you can time intercourse. If you’re 35 or younger, it’s appropriate to
try for up to a year, but if you’re 36 or older, seek medical advice after six
months of trying to conceive without success. Also see your doctor if your
cycle is irregular or if you experience intense menstrual pain.

You ask How can I stay motivated to keep
active these holidays?

Specialist integrative physiotherapist Joanne Enslin-de Wet
answers …
Create a  WhatsApp group of friends who enjoy similar exercise to you.
Working out together not only establishes stronger relationships, it also
encourages you to not miss a session and offers a support group to help
you meet your goals.

You ask How can I get a better night’s sleep?

General practitioner Dr Simone Silver answers …
Habits to promote a healthy sleep routine include avoiding TV and
overstimulation in the bedroom; staying away from stimulants such as
caffeine and nicotine close to bedtime; making the bedroom a quiet and
tranquil space; practising a relaxing routine, like lighting candles or playing
gentle music, before bed; doing enough exercise; and ensuring you’re in
bed early enough to get the 7–9 hours of shut-eye you need.

24 NOV/DEC 2015 ISSUE 36

HOT TOPIC

The gift of life

Less than 0.2% of the SA population have registered as organ donors,
which means that most of the over 4,300 adults and children on the
waiting list will never receive the organ or tissue they need. Here’s how
to sign up …

By Dr Juliane Weber
BSc (Hons), PhD (Physiology)

“G in June of this year, just a few months lungs, or improve the quality of life of
et me shy of the milestone, due to ongoing up to 50 people, through use of the
to 21.” This was Jenna Lowe’s wish. complications associated with the corneas, heart valves, skin and bone.
Diagnosed at the age of 17 with surgery. But Jenna’s legacy lives on, in Anybody under 70 who’s in reasonably
pulmonary arterial hypertension – a the continued quest to increase the good health and free of illnesses
degenerative disease in which the number of organ donors in such as HIV/AIDS, cancer, diabetes or
walls of the arteries in the lungs the country. hepatitis is eligible to sign up, and you
stiffen, making it difficult to breathe can decide which organs or tissues
and putting strain on the heart to South African stats you want to donate.
pump blood through the lungs –
Jenna needed a lung transplant to Over 40 years ago, the first-ever It doesn’t cost anything and signing
have a chance of making it to her human heart transplant was up is easy: simply register with the
21st birthday. Jenna invited all South performed in South Africa by Dr Chris Organ Donor Foundation (see details
Africans to the 21st birthday party she Barnard and his team at Groote Schuur below). Alternatively, you can add your
was planning, but on one condition: Hospital. Despite this pioneering wish to become an organ donor to
that they sign up to become an work, South Africa is no longer at the your will, create a written document
organ donor, improving her odds of forefront of organ transplantation, stating this wish that’s signed by
receiving the desperately needed performing less than 600 such two witnesses, or state it verbally
lungs, as well as giving hope to surgeries each year. in the presence of two witnesses.
thousands of other people around the Letting your family know about your
country in need of transplants. Our donor registries are also dismal, desire to become an organ donor is
with less than 0.2% of the population also essential, as your organs can’t
Her story inspired hundreds of registered as organ donors – this be donated without their consent.
South Africans to sign up, and Jenna compared to 40% of the US populace. Registering to become an organ donor
herself underwent a double lung This means that most of the over 4,300 is the most selfless of acts, one that
transplant in December 2014. Sadly, adults and children on the waiting has the potential to literally save lives.
she didn’t make it to her 21st birthday list will never get the donor organ Perhaps it’s time we all signed up. HI
despite the transplant, passing away or tissue they need. But you can do
something to change this. Contact the Organ Donor
Foundation on 0800 22 66 11 or visit
Signing up Odf.org.za

One organ donor can save the life
of seven people, through use of the
heart, liver, pancreas, kidneys and

References available on request

HEALTH INTELLIGENCE | 25

“Agperiisvailege”CELEBRITY INTERVIEW

If we had more young leaders like Catherine
Constantinides we could all rest assured that
Africa would be in good hands. She’s come a
long way from being crowned SA’s first Miss Earth,
and now heads up Lead SA, promoting active
citizenship and the Miss Earth programme in
Southern Africa, with a list of accolades that could
fill this entire magazine

CBy Rosanne Buchanan
atherine Constantinides has lied about her age for entirely
different reasons to most women, and her views on ageing are very considered
and mature. “I’ve had to lie about my age because I’ve been penalised for ‘being
too young’, especially in business. My belief is that if you’re good enough, you’re
old enough.”

By her own admission she was born an entrepreneur. When she was six years
old, she started selling pistachio nut shells as false nails and it became a thriving
little business. From the age of 14 she was involved in community work and raising
funds was something she was good at. “I did a once-off fundraising event and it
went so well that corporates started approaching me. So I learnt to lie about my
age (then 16) because we started getting big campaigns. This became my current
business, SA Fusion.”

Through her extensive volunteer work in Africa and developing countries she
has come to believe that age is a privilege that is denied to many. “Every wrinkle
and crease has a story to tell and we should embrace that. I recently met a very old,
wrinkled man in a refugee camp in Western Sahara and he was so beautiful to me. His
face told the story of how hard his life had been and the struggles he has endured.”

26 NOV/DEC 2015 ISSUE 36

HEALTH INTELLIGENCE | 27

CELEBRITY INTERVIEW

Volunteering to help about finding time to do a chore for but this was part of my journey,
me. I have revolved my life around my and I learnt more over the past 10
Catherine’s commitment to her volunteer work.” years than I ever could have doing
community is ingrained – retirement three degrees!”
homes, the wheelchair bound This is what makes Catherine such a
and mentally handicapped children powerful entrepreneur – although she Her path included accepting
are just a few of the causes she was building her business, she found modelling opportunities that
has supported by offering her time a way to give back to her community. evolved into her becoming a young
and service. “I had to find a way of making money entrepreneurial speaker and took her
and doing what I love.” to Egypt, Japan, Cambodia and the
When she left school it was her Philippines. “I believe we connect
dream to become a lawyer, but when From an emotional perspective with people for a reason as each
her bursary was rejected because of Catherine has had to learn to steel person I met led to another
an administrative bungle during her herself. “There have been several opportunity and challenge.”
second year she found herself not times in my life where I have felt ‘soul-
only utterly disappointed but at a drained’ because you give so much of One thing led to another but
crossroads. Her father had become yourself when you volunteer. But there it all seemed to direct Catherine
gravely ill with early-onset dementia is only so much you can do, so you back to her role as an active citizen
and could not work, so she had to need to find ways to enrich yourself and ambassador for SA. Modelling
work to support her family. through the work you do but keep assignments and campaign
your mind strong. If you don’t, you photographic shoots led to more
It took her a long time to get will question the inequalities despite volunteer work and being crowned
over her disappointment. “I was so the wonderful work being done. the first Miss Earth South Africa.
ashamed that I could not afford a You have to push past those questions
tertiary education but I decided to and focus on the efforts that have a “Through the World Peace
focus on growing my business to larger impact.” Foundation in Thailand I stayed in the
ensure that my siblings could afford slums in Cambodia and it made such
to study.” The path to active an impression on me. The children are
citizenship so poor they walk around naked. The
Even today, community service poverty is extreme and many of the
is part of Catherine’s work ethos. “I In hindsight, leaving university offered kids are sold to the sex slave industry
started being actively involved in Catherine the best life-experience as a matter of course to ensure their
voluntary charity work at 14 and it just trajectory. “I didn’t realise it at the time families’ survival.” It was there that she
became part of who I am. It wasn’t

Catherine with her son, Matthew

28 NOV/DEC 2015 ISSUE 36

realised the importance of growing up with dreams, and she closely with the UN, Catherine is also a fervent climate
believes it’s critical to aspire to something bigger than the change and food security activist. She believes it’s time
circumstances we find ourselves in, in order to change the for everyone to take responsibility and to start making
status quo. Catherine firmly believes change can happen, small changes – like buying local fresh ingredients and
even if only in small increments. “We need heroes, to come recycling waste. This month she will be attending the
out of poverty.” biggest climate negotiations ever at the United Nations
Climate Change Conference (COP21) in Paris. “We need to
As citizens of society we have to take responsibility and ensure that this is not a power game – for too long it’s been
“do” things to become active. about the US and their allies. It’s about the long-term
benefits of a low-carbon future and seeing our natural
“For me it’s about being active in small ways – where you resources protected.
are now. It’s not about driving distances to drop off goods.
Address the challenges in your environment. If you drive “And growing economies need to learn lessons from
past someone in need every day, make an extra sandwich to past experiences, like the damage caused by the industrial
give them, or, if you have a pavement with shrubbery, create revolution. In SA we need to ask what we are doing to
a food garden and allow people to pick from it.” harness energy, water and food.”

“The greatest regret we, as a generation, could have On blending work and life
is that we don’t do anything because we think it’s too little
to address the problem. We must do something for the Catherine doesn’t believe you can find a balance. “It’s
greater effect.” unrealistic as something always has to give … Being an
active citizen of my country comes at a great risk because
Voting with our money the things that I sacrifice are usually the things close to me,
like family and friends.”
Catherine’s philosophy of building people and society
around us reinforces her belief that we need to encourage So she has to set aside time for family (she has a close-
happiness and support local business. knit family and a five-year-old son) and be conscious in her
everyday life. “If it’s family time, it’s family time and I make a
“We need to think about how we are spending our choice each day. It’s just a way of life.”
disposable income and be aware of our link to the
environment. Even through the coffee we drink in the On a personal level, Catherine’s father is now bedridden,
morning, we are connected to farmers and the earth …” which only highlights the fragility of health. “One’s got to
Through her Generation Earth platform, which works

HEALTH INTELLIGENCE | 29

CELEBRITY INTERVIEW

“The greatest regret we, as a generation, could have
is that we don’t do anything because we think it’s too
little to address the problem.”

remember that no amount of money message and educate communities via what they strive for: a viable African
can buy back one’s health. Without the ambassadors it creates. “Basically continent. HI
our health we can’t work. If I’m not we identify young leaders and give
healthy I can’t give of myself to others.” them a platform to be great.” Catherine’s beauty tips
• I keep Esse Gel
She looks after herself by being Each year 500 young women sign
conscious of what she eats and up for Miss Earth but only 75 women Cleanser in my bag – it’s
enjoying being outside. She’s set are selected to take part in the the best thing to look
herself the personal challenge of intense one-year community service after my skin.
competing in the Sahara Marathon in programme, and ultimately • I can’t travel without
February 2016. in September only one Miss Earth and the organic Healing
three ambassadors are chosen. Earth Kalahari Melon
An African outlook body scrub and body
They are judged according to their balm; they are part of
Despite widespread economic doom work in their communities – they my daily ritual.
and gloom, Catherine’s commitment have to grow gardens, plant trees • I’m fanatical about my
to SA and the continent is refreshing. and create awareness about energy water with sliced lemon
Aside from the reality of corruption efficiency and waste management. and I try to keep a
and governance issues, she sees only But it’s not a beauty pageant. “If glass nearby.
opportunities ahead. they are beautiful that’s great … • I also believe in
What counts is how they supplementing with
“We must develop young leaders communicate and the impact they minerals and vitamins
and they need to understand Africa. I have on their communities.” that we don’t get in
was quite daunted when I was invited our daily diet so I
to be part of the Archbishop Tutu Catherine recently spent time at always have a bottle
Oxford Fellowship because I had to a refugee camp in Algeria where of SevenPointFive’s
push myself to the limit. I learnt that the community from the Western Silvermax with me.
while we have perceptions about Sahara has no access to water, food or • For sun-kissed skin
other parts of Africa, South Africa is electricity (other than what is sent to I choose Tan Organic
perceived as an arrogant bully for them via the World Food Programme – sunshine in a bottle!
thinking we are so advanced, when in and the UN).
fact we’re not.” For more information about
“Their will to survive is unbelievable Miss Earth, visit Missearthsa.co.za or
The solution, according to this but it’s like there’s a media blackout, follow Catherine on Twitter
young visionary, is that we need to because no one knows about the @ChangeAgentSA
strengthen each other’s struggles plight of the Western Sahara. Too
across the continent in order to move many people are unaware of what’s
forward. “Instead of pushing political happening on our own continent.”
and economic agendas, we need to
become more aligned, to make Africa Perhaps we should be taking
more viable.” She uses the Miss Earth heed of the advice from our young
leadership programme to spread this leaders, as they seem to grasp the
bigger picture and don’t lose sight of

30 NOV/DEC 2015 ISSUE 36



SPORTS INTELLIGENCE

yoIut’srahlelaidn
In pursuit of defining athletic competitive
excellence, Dr Garrath Rosslee shares his findings
Iaround the topic of “sports intelligence”
’m a serial goal-setter; I can’t help it. Always have been and probably
always will be. On the last day of December you’ll find me reviewing what I’ve
achieved, what’s outstanding and what I’ve learnt during the year. I use this as the
basis for the next year’s objectives and plans. I commit them to paper and assess
my progress every two weeks.
Eureka, I’ve found it!
In December 2011 I decided it was time to do a doctoral degree. However,
I wasn’t sure what it would be on. I was sitting in my study, staring at a section
on my bookcase where I had clustered many texts on intelligence, consciously
or unconsciously. Spiritual Intelligence was beside The Cambridge Handbook
of Intelligence, which was next to Emotional Intelligence and Appreciative
Intelligence, with a few issues of Health Intelligence and Intelligent Life close by.
I was working with sports teams at the time and I wondered if anything on
“sports intelligence” existed.

References available on request

32 NOV/DEC 2015 ISSUE 36

I searched, but could find only two of his generation. We know about preparation, practice, training,
reliable articles – one focused solely speed and skill, but what constitutes conditioning, competition and post-
on golf, while the other was a high- intelligence within a sporting context? competition periodisation.
level assessment that identified
“sports intelligence” as a personality I came across more quotes from 2Your mind: a cognitive/
trait in Olympian athletes. Both were sporting greats, like ice hockey rational subsystem
written in the US. Sports intelligence legend Wayne Gretsky: “A good The intelligent athlete
– as a concept and philosophy – had hockey player plays where the puck intimately knows and
not been adequately researched and is. A great hockey player plays where understands the rules and principles
published in South Africa. the puck is going to be.” How is it that of their sport. They devote time and
greats almost know where the puck energy to understanding the game
The topic for my doctorate had will be? deeply so they are able to make
been found. I have since spent the better decisions and judgments
last four years of my life reading, A six-dimensional when training and competing. They
interviewing, reviewing protocols, approach are constantly learning and have
observing, teaching, talking, the ability to know what the correct
writing and reflecting on this I discovered that sports intelligence course of action is in many different
exciting domain. comprises six dimensions and can’t situations. They are “process aware”,
be reduced to a single factor, as some which is the ability to remain focused
What is sports have suggested. There is actually no on tasks while observing oneself and
intelligence? “sports gene”, despite being coined a competitor’s behavior.
so eloquently by David Epstein in his
I started my journey by reviewing book of the same name. They are able to quickly learn
the little available literature on from mistakes, often not repeating
sports intelligence and then reading 1Your brain: a previous errors. They understand that
scientifically sound approaches to neurophysiological top performance and success come
intelligence and sports psychology. I subsystem from making few errors.
learnt that there are probably as many As the name suggests,
definitions of intelligence as theories the first subsystem refers to an 3Your emotions: the
on it, which raised more questions integration of the brain, its cortical emotional/affective
than I had before. activity in concert with physical subsystem
preparation and overall body The role of emotions
I found this quote from Tom Eaton management. Mental speed, reaction in sports is obvious, yet is still a
in Business Day Sports: “… one sees a time, memory, recall and retention relatively new area of research. A
bowler at the height of his powers, are key components and need to be colleague has called it "the missing
using speed, skill and intelligence to actively used by the sports intelligent link". Our practice and experience
prise batsmen off batting friendly athlete. This subsystem emphasises has confirmed psychological
wickets.” He was speaking about Dale the significance of physical
Steyn, perhaps the top fast bowler

Sports intelligent athletes don’t get caught up in “hype”
and are able to inspire themselves and others in the
midst of countless hours of sacrifice and perspiration

HEALTH INTELLIGENCE | 33

SPORTS INTELLIGENCE

stability, arousal control, response 6Your soul: a metaphysical
management, self-regulation and self- subsystem
awareness to be helpful processes in The final system I identified
managing emotions while competing was a little surprising, as
and practising. it didn’t feature prominently in the
literature, but was evident in the
4Your relationships: a team/ research and in practice. The role
group subsystem of beliefs, values and “higher order”
An international coach, factors including spirituality and
someone I interviewed religious beliefs is significant. I read an
during my four years of research, article by English rugby flyhalf Johnny
said, “I will choose a team player Wilkinson, who, reflecting on his
above talent any day”, while another, career, said, “my journey became more
a former professional athlete, made spiritual”. In essence he may have been
the point that “players who cannot arguing that other – perhaps parallel –
be effective teammates usually don’t realities exist when competing. It may
last”. The point is that the sports be that sports intelligent athletes gain
intelligent athlete has excellent a deeper understanding of themselves
interpersonal skills. They understand – perhaps life through sport.
the importance of team cohesion
and effective communication while Sports intelligence
also knowing that on- and off-field – now what?
dynamics between players, coaches,
management and other stakeholders These six concepts are intuitively
will exert considerable influence obvious to most who have played
over performance. The stronger the sport. The challenge is to hold them
psychological contract athletes have all together and process them at the
with each other in a team, the more same time. The positive is that they
likelihood of superior performance. can be taught and with ongoing
and deliberate work will improve
5Your environment: a performance and likelihood of success.
societal subsystem
Sports intelligent athletes Practically speaking, sports
are not machines: they intelligence improves your
experience a range of influences performance through optimising
that need to be kept in perspective. your psychological skills. HI
Personal relationships are functional;
they generally don’t get caught up Dr Garrath Rosslee is a
in “hype” and are able to inspire registered psychologist with a PhD
themselves and others in the midst in sports intelligence. Read more
of countless hours of sacrifice and about his courses at
perspiration. They “live the life” Sports-intelligence.com
24/7/365, which suggests that sports
intelligence is a lifestyle choice.

34 NOV/DEC 2015 ISSUE 36

21g 3g 2g

PSYCHOLOGY

Wceoanrneecatleld
Imagine if you could communicate with animals
and plants, and them with you. Would it change
the way you think and see the world? How could
it not, asks Keri Harvey
T
wants his name changed because he that this was the first time anyone
doesn’t like the associations with it – had expressed appreciation for him
of blackness and being diabolical. And and that his grunts back to Jurg were
he asks after the two leopard cubs thank yous. From a snarling cat, hating
that used to stay next to him.” Then humans and ready to kill in an instant,

he minute he saw animal Anna continues: “I reassured him that to a relaxed black leopard lying on top

communicator Anna Breytenbach, the you have no demands of him here and of his log – Spirit changed completely

black leopard stopped snarling and are willing to let him be how he wants after Anna communicated with him.

allowed her to kneel right outside his to be. He feels relieved and now he Arch sceptic Jurg was convinced of the

cage. This leopard, named Diablo, was is interested in exploring further, and communication, promptly enrolled for

a problem animal at Jukani Wildlife coming out of his shelter.” Later that Anna’s animal communication course

Sanctuary, near Plettenberg Bay. He afternoon, the black leopard walked and now communicates with all the

was vicious and dangerous – and out of his night shelter, for the first wild animals in his sanctuary. “They

hadn’t calmed a bit in the six months time since he arrived at Jukani. speak to me and I can respond,” he

he’d been at the sanctuary. Jurg Olsen, Jukani manager, says emphatically.

“Talking to” renamed the leopard Spirit and told The animal
a problem leopard him the two cubs were safe. “I also communicator
told him he was beautiful and he

“He says he had an unfortunate responded to me and was totally Based here in South Africa, Anna is a

past and doesn’t want much to do relaxed. This was the first time I felt at qualified master training facilitator and

with humans as a result,” reports ease with him and I felt he understood professional animal communicator

Anna while communicating with me. It was the most amazing moment.” who has been practising for about 15

the leopard telepathically. “He also Spirit later communicated to Anna years. She also holds a psychology,

References available on request

36 NOV/DEC 2015 ISSUE 36

economics and marketing degree and had a corporate a skin condition the vet couldn’t resolve,” explains Anna. “I
career in Australia and the US before following her passion communicated with the cat from my home on the Garden
for interspecies communication full time. Route, and asked him if he knew the solution to his skin
problem. He said there was a plant with a certain flower
“Everything is energy,” says Anna, “and your intuition outside the window where he sat in the mornings and that
knows best and kicks in when your cognitive brain is set this plant’s leaves should be put in his water bowl as this was
aside. I communicate with animals telepathically, through the cure. His owner did just that, and the cat’s skin condition
thoughts and mental pictures; no words are needed. It’s a healed immediately – much to the vet’s disbelief.” So just
two-way conversation and we are both conscious of the maybe all living things are connected, and maybe we can
communication. Telepathic communication is beyond communicate across species. But how exactly do we do this?
physical constraints or barriers or distance – and it can be
with plants, water or rocks too.” How it works

Sending and receiving messages It’s important to respect the animal and its intelligence,
then open your mind and heart to possibilities without any
Anna says that what we think and feel is being transmitted expectation or judgement. Show compassion for the animal
in a constant stream. Ever noticed that when you’re in a you wish to communicate with, as clearly, emphatically and
good mood people smile and greet you and things go well; simply as possible. Send the communication and wait for
when in a bad mood nobody greets you and things get the response with an open mind. Remember, all this is
worse? It’s all about the energy or vibes you emit, and they silent. There is simply nothing to lose and everything to
are being subconsciously read by others. gain through better understanding of all who live in our
homes and environment. Because there is not much doubt
For novices, sending information is easier than receiving at all that everything that lives has energy and is connected,
it, which requires focus and an uncluttered, quiet mind. consciously or not. HI
Messages are sent in images, emotions, feelings, thoughts
or silent words. They are received too in images, thoughts, Happy endings
emotions, physical sensations or smells. “And when you just The two leopard cubs Spirit “spoke of ”
‘know’ something, it’s also an intuitive message,” says Anna. were subsequently offered to Jukani.
Jurg had no idea they were the same
Communication in action cubs, but asked Anna to check with
Spirit if it was okay for them to live
Over the years, Anna has been tasked with finding missing in a neighbouring enclosure. Wildlife
animals, communicating with problem animals, helping sick specialists strongly advised against this
animals, using their own wisdom, and more. and said the leopards would kill each
other through the fence, since leopards
She tells of the rhino of which she saw a photo on are solitary and territorial by nature.
Facebook. It had been dehorned by poachers in the Kruger Jurg listened to Spirit and the three
National Park and was photographed by a tourist as it leopards now live together in a single
stumbled along the road. Anna communicated with the enclosure without any problem at all.
rhino and asked for a description of its surroundings so help
could be sent. It answered that it didn’t know. She asked Email Anna Breytenbach at
what the rhino could see around it, and it answered it saw [email protected] or visit Animalspirit.org,
nothing. Confused at the replies, Anna asked the rhino to or Jukani Wildlife Sanctuary at [email protected] or
head towards people or cars if it heard their sound. Hours Jukani.co.za; watch The Animal Communicator
later it appeared along the road again. Poachers had gouged documentary on YouTube
out the rhino’s eyes, which is why it couldn’t communicate
its surroundings to Anna.

In a case of self-diagnosis, a cat gave Anna information
to pass on to its owner. “It was a cat in Cape Town that had

“Telepathic communication is beyond physical
constraints or barriers or distance – and it can be
with plants, water or rocks too”

HEALTH INTELLIGENCE | 37

HEALTHY LIVING

Gyouutrhiemamlthunanitdy

Are you doing all you can to nurture an inseparable relationship at the
core of good health?

By Dr James Saunders
BSc, PhD (Physiology)

I Bacteria aren’t all bad. In fact many Collectively they are called the
f you're feeling low, take are not only good but also perform microbiota or gut flora. Development
a vitamin C supplement. This is the vital functions to keep us alive of the gut flora is not an accident.
mantra we've all been conditioned and healthy. Gut bacteria are great It’s part of the perfect natural design
to adopt from an early age. It’s not examples of the good guys. These enabling us to live and function in
necessarily wrong and a vitamin good bacteria not only perform optimal health. An imbalance in
C supplement may well tweak the several digestive functions, but there the number and species of bacteria
immune system to respond to the is now substantial evidence to suggest present in the gut is referred
onset of infection or disease. But that they also share a vital link with to as dysbiosis.
it’s like stamping out a fire that may the immune system. Awareness of this
already have begun. There’s a better two-way relationship is at the core of Perhaps one of the most
way. Taking a holistic view helps to maintaining good health. important functions of gut bacteria
ensure the immune system is standing is maintaining the integrity of the
strong before illness invades or, put The role of gut bacteria mucous membrane, the sticky mucous
another way, prevent the fire from layer that lines the gut wall. The
starting in the first place. And in order Bacteria begin to inhabit the gut from mucous membrane helps prevent
to embrace this holistic view, we birth. Milk from breastfeeding confers unwanted food particles from entering
cannot ignore the tiny organisms that significant bacteria to the infant, which the body via the gut wall. Other
inhabit the gut, working tirelessly and begin colonisation and proliferation functions of gut bacteria include
harmoniously on our behalf to keep of the gut. In the average adult, there metabolism, digestion, fermentation
us healthy. may be as many as 100 trillion bacteria of indigestible carbohydrates and
belonging to more than 500 species control of entry and proliferation of
– about 1.5kg worth of bacteria. unwanted bacteria.

38 NOV/DEC 2015 ISSUE 36

Gut bacteria and immunity

More than 60% of the body’s immune system is situated
in the gut wall. This stands to reason as the gut is under
constant threat from invasion by every nasty organism or
toxin that enters the mouth. The gut is therefore a huge
player in immunity. So then, both by their proximity and
by their respective functions, the gut, its bacteria and
the immune system are inextricably linked, each having
a profound effect on the other. “They are like brother and
sister,” says Dr Bernard Brom, a holistic practitioner based
in Cape Town. “They share a very close relationship, each
capable of affecting the other to influence overall health.”

Although it’s not fully understood, the immune system
is known to regulate the number and types of gut bacteria
that live in the gut, and in turn, the gut bacteria send
chemical signals that regulate the immune system. There is
a kind of “cross-talk” going on, the one benefitting the other
in a perfect symbiotic relationship. “It’s not a relationship
in which the one is linearly dependent on the other,” says
Dr Brom. “It’s actually a highly complex relationship where
other factors also come into play. These include antibiotics,
genetics, emotions, gluten intolerance and food allergies.
There are also many serotonin receptors in the gut, which
modulate mood. Emotional factors can therefore have a
profound influence on the system.”

To highlight the important link between immunity and
gut bacteria, some interesting experiments have been
performed on mice specifically bred without any gut
bacteria, also known as “germ-free” mice. Their immune
reactions were found to differ considerably from those of
normal mice, and under experimental conditions they were
far more susceptible to a range of infections. As soon as gut
bacteria were introduced into these germ-free mice, they
responded far more effectively to external infections. In
reverse conditions, scientists discovered that modulating
the immune system of normal mice had a significant
influence on regulating the bacterial balance.

References available on request

HEALTH INTELLIGENCE | 39

HEALTHY LIVING

The interplay between the immune system and the
gut is at the root of nearly every degenerative disorder

Leaky gut syndrome Nurture your gut flora!

Leaky gut syndrome deserves special mention when Factors that may Ways to promote a
considering the complex relationship between gut bacteria result in an imbalance healthy balance
and immunity. An imbalance of gut bacteria will result in Antibiotics and
some unwanted bacterial species multiplying and inflicting non-steroidal anti- Avoid unnecessary
some damage to the mucosal layer, adversely affecting the inf lammatories medication
permeability of the gut wall. This allows partially digested St ress/an xiet y
food, toxins and bacteria (including some of the nasty Glutens and lectins, Stress management
ones) to leak through the gut wall, where they will illicit found in food like
an immune response that goes into overdrive. The result wheat, rice and soya Foods like fermented
is a steady build-up of chronic inflammation churning vegetables
away in the body that may ultimately manifest in some Sedentary lifestyle (sauerkraut, sprouted
degenerative or autoimmune disease. Some immediate Diet low in vegetables seeds, coconut
symptoms of leaky gut syndrome include fatigue, stomach products, raw cultured
cramps, bloating, mood swings and migraines, but it’s not High-sugar/high-carb dairy, yoghurt and
always easily diagnosed. The long-term consequences of a diet kefir)
leaky gut and concomitant overstimulated immune system
include rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, coeliac Smoking, excessive Regular exercise
disease, Crohn’s disease, irritable bowel syndrome, ulcerative alcohol
colitis and food allergies. In fact, the interplay between the Depression/mood Nutrient-dense foods
immune system and the gut is at the root of nearly every swings high in fibre and with a
degenerative disorder. “The final symptoms depend on the low-glycaemic load
totality of the imbalance and will manifest differently for
different individuals,” says Dr Brom. Foods high in omega-
3s, vitamin C and
A dysbiosis and associated leaky gut may be caused by selenium
genetic predisposition, lectins and gluten (sugar-binding
proteins in grains like wheat, rice and soya), cow’s milk, as well Probiotic and prebiotic
as other external factors like chronic stress, lack of exercise or supplements
depression. Antibiotics are a big culprit in the development
of gut dysbiosis. Although they may be absolutely necessary Plenty of quality sleep
in many instances, it is common knowledge that they are
also generally massively overprescribed worldwide. In the Be the master of your own health! Change your perspective
interests of maintaining a healthy gut flora, they should if necessary and begin to see happy gut inhabitants as the
rather be avoided wherever possible. first step to good health. It may bring unexpected rewards
and long-lasting results. HI

References available on request

40 NOV/DEC 2015 ISSUE 36

CONTROL
the life you live

FeelFull™ Oil:

REDUCES

APPETITE

By opposing three causes of weight Garcinia-2x™:
gain with SOLAL®
METABOLISES
Appetite
FeelFull™ Oil with patented PinnoThin® & MCT oils. CARBOHYDRATES
Reduces appetite by boosting anti-hunger peptides.
0% carbohydrates. 100% natural fats – ideal for Irvingia Plus™:
people following a Banting diet lifestyle.
BURNS
Carbohydrate metabolism
Garcinia-2x™ with added chromium. Helps FAT
metabolise carbohydrates. Compare us to others:
2x concentrated Garcinia extract supplies the
equivalent of 1320 mg Garcinia cambogia per caplet.

Fat accumulation
Irvingia Plus™ Fat Burner with African Mango. Improves
the body’s sensitivity to Leptin, a fat-burning peptide.

All three products are Banting diet friendly, contain natural ingredients and no carbohydrates. Products can be used separately or combined to combat weight
gain in three different ways. Contains no caffeine or artificial stimulants - for safe and healthy weight loss, combine with regular exercise and diet.

It’s what’s inside that sets us apart

10-Step Quality Assurance to ensure stability, composition and strength from raw material
selection and testing, to final product quality and effectiveness.

Available from Dis-Chem Pharmacies, Health Professionals, Health Stores, Juniva.com, Leading Pharmacies,
SOLAL.co.za and Selected Retail Outlets.
086 11 SOLAL or 086 11 76525 | [email protected] | www.solal.co.za | www.facebook.com/solaltech | @SolalTech

0016

HEALTHY LIVING

Contraception

your options

Here’s all you need to know about preventing
unwanted pregnancy

By Dr Juliane Weber
BSc (Hons), PhD (Physiology)

W and gonorrhoea, as well as human The combination pill
hile summer loving papillomavirus, which puts women at The combination pill comes in
is undoubtedly an enticing prospect, risk of developing cervical cancer. different varieties, including high-
that romantic rendezvous can have a and low-dose forms, those with
few unwanted consequences – one If you choose to go this route, make different types of progestogen
of which could make its appearance sure that your partner is agreeable (artificial progesterone) and fixed-
nine months later. Unless you’re and that the condom is in place well dose or varied-dose options. The
ready to start (or expand) your family, before the act – and removed shortly two hormones contained in the
contraception is something you need thereafter – to prevent any semen combination pill work together to
to consider before getting between escaping. Also be aware that some suppress ovulation, make cervical
the sheets. But with all the options out oil-based lubricants (such as baby oil) mucus impenetrable to sperm and
there, you may be unsure what would and gynaecological preparations (such prevent embryo implantation. In
best suit your needs. To make things as canesten, dalacin, gyno-daktarin addition to these contraceptive
easier, gynaecologist and fertility and cyclogest) can damage condoms. effects, the combination pill also
expert Dr Sascha Edelstein gives If the condom breaks, seek emergency has other benefits. Among these, Dr
us a rundown of the contraceptive contraception. Edelstein lists lighter, less painful and
methods available. regular menstrual cycles; reduced
The pill premenstrual symptoms; a reduction
Condoms in the risk of benign breast disease
Having revolutionised contraception and pelvic inflammatory disease;
Dr Edelstein says that condoms, the when it was first developed, the suppression of ovarian cysts; and
most easily available contraceptive, pill is a popular choice. Dr Edelstein reduced acne, abnormal hair growth,
are effective when used appropriately. explains that there are two forms, bloating and breast tenderness.
They also come with the added the combination oral contraceptive
benefit of reducing the risk of pill, which contains oestrogen and These latter effects are tempting
acquiring sexually transmitted progesterone, and the progesterone- reasons for women to go on the
infections such as HIV, chlamydia only pill.

42 NOV/DEC 2015 ISSUE 36

While summer loving is undoubtedly an enticing
prospect, that romantic rendezvous can have a few
unwanted consequences – one of which could make
its appearance nine months later

pill, but Dr Edelstein warns that the combination pill combination pill, but can cause unpredictable bleeding
is also associated with side effects, which need to be patterns and is a less potent contraceptive option, says
carefully considered. The most significant of these is an Dr Edelstein. While ovulation is suppressed within seven
increased risk of circulatory diseases, particularly deep vein days of starting the combination pill and continues to be
thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, which is related to suppressed seven days after discontinuing its use, this isn’t
the pill’s effects on blood clotting. However, this risk is also the case with the progesterone-only pill. With the latter, if
dependent on various other factors, all of which should be the pill is taken more than three hours late, an alternative
assessed in each individual woman. Dr Edelstein advises that method of birth control should be used for 48 hours. If the
women who are obese, over 40, have recently had surgery, combination pill is taken more than 24 hours late, additional
have a history of cancer, or have a family or personal history contraception is recommended for seven days to ensure
of circulatory diseases should consider using alternative contraceptive safety.
means of contraception.
The progesterone-only pill is often prescribed to women
Another potential side effect to consider is cancer risk. who are breastfeeding, as oestrogen interferes with milk
Research suggests that the combination pill may slightly production. It’s also suitable for migraine sufferers and
increase the risk of breast, cervical and liver cancers, women with a history of deep vein thrombosis, liver disease,
although it’s been found to reduce the risk of endometrial, oestrogen-sensitive cancers such as some breast cancers,
ovarian and colon cancers. But, as with circulatory diseases, heart disease or stroke.
numerous other factors contribute to overall cancer risk, and
each woman therefore needs to be assessed individually to Long-acting progesterone
determine whether use of the combination pill is advisable
and, if so, which particular combination pill would be Long-acting progesterone can be administered via an
most suitable. injection or a small implant and prevents pregnancy for
2–3 months or three years, respectively, by suppressing
The progesterone-only pill ovulation and thinning the lining of the uterus. This
Like the combination pill, the progesterone-only pill makes type of contraception is especially useful for women
cervical mucus impenetrable to sperm and prevents who have contraindications to oestrogen, including
embryo implantation, but doesn’t necessarily suppress due to intolerable side effects. Added benefits include a
ovulation (although it does so in 50–60% of women). The reduction or cessation of menstrual bleeding, as well
progesterone-only pill has fewer side effects than the as suppression of fibroids and endometriosis, and
protective effects against endometrial cancer.

HEALTH INTELLIGENCE | 43

HEALTHY LIVING

According to Dr Edelstein, the whereas the injection results in an good option for women with
injection method is very effective, initial increase in progesterone that irregular, heavy or painful periods,
if the injection is repeated every then slowly levels off. as menstruation tends to become
2–3 months to ensure continued lighter or even stop altogether
contraceptive efficacy. Dr Edelstein Intrauterine device during its use.
points out, though, that the three-
month injection may increase appetite The intrauterine device is placed into The copper intrauterine device
and cause weight gain, and that the the womb and can prevent pregnancy contains no hormones and is thus
contraceptive effects of the injection for 3–5 years, explains Dr Edelstein. a good option for women who
can’t be reversed during the two or Placement is performed by your have been advised to stay clear of
three months that the long-acting doctor and is quick and only mildly hormonal contraceptives or who
progesterone is in your system. uncomfortable; correct positioning have experienced intolerable side
of the device is usually confirmed via effects taking such contraceptives.
If you’re looking for a long-term ultrasound after six weeks. This is very The copper device can make
contraceptive that’s more easily important, as contraceptive failure is menstruation heavier, though,
reversed, Dr Edelstein recommends usually a result of incorrect placement, and should therefore be
that you consider the implant, which says Dr Edelstein. avoided by women with heavy
is smaller than a matchstick and is or painful periods.
inserted under the skin under local There are two types of intrauterine
anaesthesia in your doctor’s office. devices, namely, a copper version and Neither intrauterine device is
Although the contraceptive effects a progesterone-containing version. necessarily the best option for women
of the implant last for three years, The copper intrauterine device works who have never been pregnant, says
the long-acting progesterone is by inducing a localised inflammatory Dr Edelstein, as this makes insertion
undetectable in the blood within a response inside the uterus, which is more difficult, although it can still
week of the implant being removed toxic to sperm, egg cells and embryos, be achieved, possibly under general
– so no need to wait two or three and also inhibits sperm motility. The anaesthetic. Intrauterine devices
months to try to fall pregnant if you progesterone-containing device should not be used by women with
want to start a family. Another benefit makes cervical mucus impenetrable uterine or pelvic infection, abnormal
of the implant over the injection is that to sperm and thins the endometrial uterine bleeding or distortion of the
the progesterone is slowly released lining, thus preventing pregnancy. For uterine cavity (for example, caused by
out of the implant at a steady state, the latter reason, the progesterone- fibroids), until these factors have
containing intrauterine device is a been appropriately addressed. HI

44 NOV/DEC 2015 ISSUE 36

N THE SOUTH AFRICAGROUP
DEPRES
SION AND ANXIETY

You are not alone. Depression is real, but it is treatable.
Call SADAG toll free on 0800 21 22 23, and we’ll help you.

HEALTHY LIVING

Mtuhseicsofourl
We explore the health-enhancing effects
of music
By Dr Juliane Weber
BSc (Hons), PhD (Physiology)

References available on request

46 NOV/DEC 2015 ISSUE 36

“Making music and singing
are connected very closely to one’s
M own psychological status and health”

usic has formed an integral part of human history and continues to play an

important role in our cultural traditions and even in everyday life, with all manner of music radiating

from TVs, radios, cars and countless electronic gadgets all around us on a daily basis. Our melodious

existence is hardly surprising, considering the profound impact that listening to a beautiful piece of

music can have – from emotional reactions such as joy or bittersweet sadness to physical responses

such as goosebumps and tears.

But are these reactions just short-lived or can music have a lasting impact on our well-being?

According to research, listening to music or playing a musical instrument is far more than a pleasantly

tuneful way of spending your time.

The musical brain

Listening to music or making music involves numerous different brain regions, including not only
those responsible for sensory perceptions such as hearing, but also areas involved in attention keeping,
planning, motor coordination and even traits such as empathy. The amalgamation of all of these
inputs leads to the widespread and unique effects of the musical experience. And it turns out that this
extensive, musically inspired mental stimulation can actually help to build a better brain.

Research shows that musicians, especially those who start at an early age, tend to have greater
volumes of specific brain areas compared to non-musicians, as well as enhanced connectivity between
different regions of the brain. This is thought to be a result of the complex mental functioning involved
in learning to read and play music – an effect that’s believed to be enhanced by the powerful emotional
reaction that music can elicit, by positively influencing the brain’s reward centre, thereby leading to
positive brain changes.

These effects aren’t limited only to fully fledged musicians, though, with benefits on mental
functioning seen in developing children and previously non-musical adults who undertake musical
training. And who better to observe such benefits than those who bring the joy of music to their
students on a daily basis?

HEALTH INTELLIGENCE | 47

HEALTHY LIVING

A teacher’s perspective And it’s these positive effects on body form of therapy in our country, with
and mind that make music such an qualified therapists registered with the
“Making music and singing are enticing therapeutic tool for a wide Health Professionals Council
connected very closely to one’s own range of conditions – and research of South Africa (HPCSA), making
psychological status and health,” says shows that it works. the practice legitimate and its
musician, performer and qualified members accountable.
music teacher Nikola Staab. Born in Music as therapy
South Africa, Nikola studied music at How it works
the prestigious Vienna Conservatory in Music therapy isn’t some new-age
Austria to fulfil her dream of having a approach to well-being that isn’t By listening to and/or making music
career in music. Having taught adults backed by tangible evidence. It’s together, the therapist and patient
and children for many years, Nikola has supported by science. Studies show develop a relationship that facilitates
no doubts about the healing effects of that music therapy significantly enhancement of the patient’s well-
music – she’s observed at close-hand improves the functioning of people being through the music itself or with
how music can help people overcome with schizophrenia and other serious the addition of other therapeutic
psychological challenges, as well as mental disorders, as well as alleviating methods. For example, patients who
enhance children’s sensory, motor and the symptoms of depression, and are unable to communicate verbally
social skills. reducing anxiety associated with (such as those with cerebral palsy or
cancer surgery. Benefits have also people who have had a stroke) can
“Children love to make music and to been observed in people with use music as a non-verbal means of
sing together. It makes them happy, Parkinson’s disease, in the form of a communication, which allows them to
but also heightens their auditory reduction in symptom severity, and express themselves in ways they might
sense and helps them to learn to music therapy has been found to not otherwise be able to do, thereby
concentrate for longer periods of improve the sleep habits of those allowing them to interact with the
time because of the positive effects with insomnia. therapist and others.
of music on the brain,” Nikola says.
Making music is a way for children – What’s more, research shows that Music lends itself particularly
and adults – to express themselves in music therapy enhances heart and well to such non-verbal forms of
a creative way, which she has found lung function in premature infants, communication because of the range
can do wonders for their self-esteem. as well as improving infants’ feeding of emotions musical compositions can
Nikola also encourages her students behaviour and sleep patterns, and convey. For the same reason, music
to use their whole bodies during her encouraging bonding with parents, therapy can help people work through
lessons, which loosens muscles and thereby also reducing parental fear difficult, and perhaps previously
improves breathing, thereby allowing and anxiety. Several other healing inaccessible, emotions in a creative
her students to become more in touch benefits of music therapy have also way. This can help in the release of
with themselves and feel less inhibited been suggested, and researchers suppressed feelings, thereby enabling
when performing. believe that it’s only a matter of time patients to improve their relationships
before concrete evidence thereof with others.
In Nikola’s experience, her students comes to light.
tend to leave her classes feeling Music therapy is applicable
invigorated and in a good mood, While you may find these in various contexts, including
which she attributes to a freeing of observations of music’s healing effects mainstream and special-needs
the mind and soul, and the release of astonishing, they come as no surprise schools, mental institutions, physical
stress and tension – all of which can to members of the South African and neurological rehabilitation
help children and adults achieve a Music Therapy Association. Although programmes, correctional services and
more positive outlook on life and deal it’s a relatively new treatment palliative care facilities, as well as the
with life’s difficulties. modality, music therapy is an accepted more typical therapist-patient setting

48 NOV/DEC 2015 ISSUE 36