INTRODUCTION TO OPERATING SYSTEM

CHAPTER 4

141

CHAPTER 4

This topic describes about the Microsoft Windows 10
services that has been offered to the students including
in how to install Windows 10, configuring all elements
in Windows 10 through Control Panel, connecting
Windows 10 to the network

.
Lesson Learning Outcome :
At the end of this chapter, students should be able to:
• Explore Microsoft Windows 10 operating system
• Configure Microsoft Windows 10 operating system
• Maintaining Windows 10 operating system

142

4.1 Microsoft Windows 10
4.2 Configure Windows 10 OS
4.3 Maintaining Windows 10 OS

143

Windows 10 Edition Security of Windows
10
Windows 10 32 bits Utilities Program
and 64 bits
Windows 10 Desktop Windows Update

Data Security Advanced Firewall

144

4.1 Microsoft Windows 10

Windows 10 Editions

Windows 10 is a series of operating
systems developed by Microsoft and
released as part of its Windows NT
family of operating systems.

It is the successor to Windows 8.1,
released nearly two years earlier, and
was released to manufacturing on
July 15, 2015, and broadly released
for the general public on July 29,
2015.

Editions :
 Baseline editions
 Organizational editions
 Device-specific editions

.

145

4.1 Microsoft Windows 10 Windows 10 editions

>

Windows 10 Editions

Baseline editions

• Only editions available as standalone
purchases in retail outlets.

• Windows 10 Home is designed for
use in PCs, tablets and 2-in-1 PCs. It
includes all features directed at
consumers.

Organizational editions

• These editions add features to
facilitate centralized control of many
installations of the OS within an
organization.

• The main avenue of acquiring them is
a volume licensing contract with
Microsoft.

• This collection of Windows 10
operating systems contains Windows
10 Enterprise, Windows 10 Education,
Windows 10 Pro Education,
Enterprise LTSB and Windows 10
Mobile Enterprise..

146

4.1 Microsoft Windows 10 Windows 10 editions

>

Windows 10 Editions

Device-specific editions

• These editions are licensed to OEMs only, and
are primarily obtained via the purchase of
hardware that includes Microsoft Windows 10
Edition.

• There are designed to function on specific
devices such as Windows 10 Mobile.

• This version of Windows was designed for
smartphones and tablets and was the
successor to Windows RT and Windows Phone
8.1

147

4.1 Microsoft Windows 10 32 bits and 64 bits

>

Windows 10 32 Bits And 64 Bits

• Windows 10 64-bit is recommended if you have 4
GB or more RAM.

• Windows 10 64-bit supports up to 2 TB of RAM,
while Windows 10 32-bit can utilize up to 3.2 GB.

• The memory address space for 64-bit Windows is
much larger, which means, you need twice as
much memory than 32-bit Windows to accomplish
some of the same tasks.

Addressable space

Has 4 GB addressable Has 16 GB addressable
space space

Applications support

64-bit applications and 32-bit applications and
programs won't work programs will work

OS support

Need a 32-bit operating It can run on 32 and
system the 64-bit operating
system

148

4.1 Microsoft Windows 10 32 bits and 64 bits

>

Windows 10 32 Bits And 64 Bits

Support for multi-tasking

Not an ideal option for Works best for performing
stress testing and multi- multi-tasking and stress
tasking testing

OS and CPU requirement

32-bit operating systems 64-bit OS demands 64-bit
and applications require CPU, and 64-bit
32-bit CPUs applications require 64-bit
OS and CPU

System available

Support Windows 7, 8 Windows XP Professional,
Vista, XP, and, Linux Windows Vista, Windows
7, Windows 8,Windows
10, Linux, and Mac OS X

Memory limits

32-bit systems limited to 64-bit systems will
3.2 GB of RAM 32 bit enable you to
Windows. It addresses store up to 17
limitation doesn't allow Billion GB of RAM
you to use full 4GB of
Physical memory space

149

4.1 Microsoft Windows 10 Windows 10 Desktop

>

Start Menu

• To open the Start menu—which contains all
your apps, settings, and files—do either of
the following:

• On the left end of the taskbar, select
the Start icon.

• Press the Windows logo key on your
keyboard.

150

4.1 Microsoft Windows 10 Windows 10 Desktop

>

Using The Taskbar

• Right-click any open area on the taskbar and
then click “Taskbar Settings.” On the taskbar
settings page, scroll down a bit to the
“Notification Area” section and click the “Turn
system icons on or off” link. You'll see a list of
system icons. Run through them and toggle
each one on or off to suit your needs.

151

4.1 Microsoft Windows 10 Windows 10 Desktop

>

Windows Explorer

• To open Internet Explorer, select Start , and
enter Internet Explorer in Search . Select
Internet Explorer (Desktop app) from the results.
If you can't find Internet Explorer on your device,
you'll need to add it as a feature. Select Start >
Search , and enter Windows features.

152

4.1 Microsoft Windows 10 Windows 10 Desktop

>

Hiding Picture And Photo Names

153

4.1 Microsoft Windows 10 Windows 10 Desktop

>

Switching Between Windows

• You can use Flip to switch
between open windows. To do this, press and
hold the Alt key on your keyboard, then press
the Tab key. Continue pressing the Tab key until
the desired window is selected.

• Keyboard shortcut – alt + tab (Windows Flip)

154

4.1 Microsoft Windows 10 Data Security

>

Create Partition

01

• Open the Disk Management tool.
Commonly, this tool is opened by just
right-clicking on the My Computer icon
on the desktop and selecting Manage.
Some people prefer to use the
command line either by inputting
"compmgmt.msc" or "dksmgmt.msc"
Any of these options can pull up the
Disk Management interface.

155

4.1 Microsoft Windows 10 Data Security

>

Create Partition

02

• Select the disk that you want to
partition. To do so, you just have to
right-click on the partition. There will be
a set of options you can choose from.
For this, you have to choose Shrink
Volume.

156

4.1 Microsoft Windows 10 Data Security

>

Create Partition

03

• There will be a pop-up window that will
appear. In this pop-up window, it is up
to you to modify the space you want to
shrink. Once done, you have to click on
the Shrink button located at the lower
right of the pop-up window.

157

4.1 Microsoft Windows 10 Data Security

>

Create Partition

04

• Once you have finished with the
previous step, you can notice an
unallocated space in the disk that you
have chosen. You have to right-click
on this unallocated space. A set of
options will then be shown to you, by
which you will be choosing New
Simple Volume. You just have to
follow the wizard to be able to format
as well as partition the new volume.

158

4.1 Microsoft Windows 10 Data Security

>

Things to Take Care of When Partitioning
Your Hard Drive

When you are partitioning
your hard drive, there are
several things that you will
have to take care of to ensure
that nothing goes wrong.

First of all, make sure that you
are partitioning the right disk
before you go ahead with the
step-by-step tutorial. See to it
that if you want to partition
then disk C, you should be
clicking on disk C.

To avoid data losses, it
is also a good idea to
back up your important
files such as photos,
videos, documents, and
other digital files before
you do any partitioning
on your Windows 10
computer.

159

4.1 Microsoft Windows 10 Security in Windows 10

>

Security in Microsoft Windows 10

• Windows 10 includes Windows Security, which
provides the latest antivirus protection.

• Your device will be actively protected from the
moment you start Windows 10.

• Windows Security continually scans for malware
(malicious software), viruses, and security threats.

• In addition to this real-time protection, updates are
downloaded automatically to help keep your device
safe and protect it from threats.

160

4.1 Microsoft Windows 10 Security in Windows 10

>

Security in Microsoft Windows 10

• Windows Security is your home to manage the tools
that protect your device and your data:

Virus & threat protection
Monitor threats to your device, run scans, and get
updates to help detect the latest threats. (Some of
these options are unavailable if you're running
Windows 10 in S mode.)

Account protection
Access sign-in options and account settings,
including Windows Hello and dynamic lock.

Firewall & network protection
Manage firewall settings and monitor what’s
happening with your networks and internet
connections.

161

4.1 Microsoft Windows 10 Security in Windows 10

>

Security in Microsoft Windows 10

App & browser control
Update settings for Microsoft Defender SmartScreen to
help protect your device against potentially dangerous
apps, files, sites, and downloads. You'll have exploit
protection and you can customize protection settings
for your devices.

Device performance & health
View status info about your device’s performance
health, and keep your device clean and up to date
with the latest version of Windows 10.

Data security
Review built-in security options to help protect
your device from attacks by malicious software.

Family options
Keep track of your kids’ online activity
and the devices in your household.

162

4.1 Microsoft Windows 10 Utilities Program

>

Anti-virus Software

• Antivirus software was originally developed to detect
and remove computer viruses, hence the name.

• However, with the proliferation of other kinds of
malware, antivirus software started to provide
protection from other computer threats.

• In particular, modern antivirus software can protect
users.

163

4.1 Microsoft Windows 10 Utilities Program

>

Windows Firewall

• Windows Firewall is a Microsoft Windows application
that filters information coming to your system from
the Internet and blocking potentially harmful
programs.

• When using a public network, Windows Firewall can
also secure the system by blocking all unsolicited
attempts to connect to your computer

164

4.1 Microsoft Windows 10 Utilities Program

>

Windows Defender

• Windows Defender is an anti-malware tool built into
Microsoft's Windows 8 and newer operating systems
that is designed to protect computers from viruses,
spyware and other forms of malware.

165

4.1 Microsoft Windows 10 Utilities Program

>

User Account Control (UAC)

• UAC for short is a security feature of Windows which
helps prevent unauthorized changes to the operating
system.

• These changes can be initiated by applications, users,
viruses or other forms of malware.

• User Account Control makes sure certain changes are
made only with approval from the administrator. If the
changes are not approved by the administrator, they
are not executed, and Windows remains unchanged.

• It is as if nothing happened. UAC was first made
available for Windows Vista

166



CHAPTER 5

167

CHAPTER 5

This topic describes about the Mobile Device Operating
System such as Windows Phone, iOS and Android
Phone. This topic has been offered to the students
including to differentiate between three popular mobile
OS, exploring and configuring Android and iOS
interface.

Lesson Learning Outcome :
At the end of this chapter, students should be able to:
• Explain the mobile operating system
• Explain Android Touch Interface
• Explain iOS Touch Interface

168

5.1 Mobile Operating system
5.2 Android Touch Interface
5.3 iOS Touch Interface

169

Three Leading Mobile OS
Differentiation Between Three
Mobile OS
Methods of Application
Installation

170

5.1 Mobile Operating System

Mobile Devices

A mobile device is any device that
is hand-held, light, and typically
uses a touchscreen for input.

Mobile devices use an mobile
operating system to run
applications (apps), games, and
play movies and music

Examples are - Android devices,
such as the Samsung Galaxy
tablet and Galaxy Nexus
smartphone, and the Apple iPad
and iPhone.

Many mobile device
components, operating systems,
and software are proprietary so it
is important to become familiar
with as many different mobile
devices as

171

5.1 Mobile Operating System

Mobile Operating System

A mobile operating system (or
mobile OS) is an Operating system
for smartphones, tablets, or other
mobile devices.

Mobile operating systems combine
features of a personal computer operating
system with other features useful for
mobile or handheld use; usually including,
and most of the following considered
essential in modern mobile systems; a
touchscreen, cellular, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi,
Global Positioning System (GPS) mobile
navigation, camera, video camera, speech
recognition, voice recorder, music player,
near field communication, and infrared
blaster.

Typical laptops are mobile, but them are not
considered mobile ones, as they were originally
designed for desktop computers that historically did
not have or need specific mobile features. This
distinction is becoming blurred in some newer
operating systems that are hybrids made for both uses.

172

5.1 Mobile Operating System

Mobile Operating System

By the end of 2016, over 430
million smartphones were sold
with 81.7 percent running
Android, 17.9 percent running
iOS, 0.3 percent running
Windows Mobile and the other
OSs cover 0.1 percent.

0%
18%

82%

Android iOS Windows Others

173

5.1 Mobile Operating System

Three Leading Mobile OS

There are 3 primary OS utilized in most mobile device today:

Android Apple Microsoft
iOS Windows

Phone

These mobile OS user interfaces support direct touch, multi-
touch, and using the accelerometer

Here are come common features among the three
mobile OS;

Interface control elements : switches,
buttons, sliders

Response to user input : swiping, tapping,
pinching

Screen orientation using accelerometer and
gyroscope : landscape, portrait orientation

GPS capabilities to facilitate geo-tracking

Can perform mobile payment :
• iOS : Apple Pay
• Android : Google Wallet
• Windows : SoftCard
174

5.1 Mobile Operating System

Differentiation : Android v iOS v Windows

Apple • Base software that allows all
iOS application to run on iPhone,
iPod, or iPad.

• It is a CLOSED SOURCE OS, that
works only on the devices listed
here.

• The app source for iOS devices is
the App Store within iTunes.

• The virtual assistant known as
Siri

• Apps can be launched from the
Home screen, Notification
Center, Siri, or Spotlight.

Android • Built on the layer of the Linux
kernel

• Developed by the Open Handset
Alliance and is owned by Google.

• It is OPEN SOURCE developed
applications

• Apps can be obtained from
Google Play / Play Store

• The virtual assistant on Android
can be accessed by speaking the
words “Okay Google”

• Android user interface referred as
Android Launcher

175

5.1 Mobile Operating System

Differentiation : Android v iOS v Windows

Windows • Used by several phone
Phone 8.1/
(Windows manufacturer such as Nokia, HTC,
10 Mobile)
Samsung
• It is a CLOSED SOURCE and

includes some built-in applications
• Developed by Microsoft, and

similar working with Windows 8.1
• Can be used on computer or tablet
• Use the same WinApp UI with Start

Screen and Tiles
• Apps can be obtained from

Windows Store
• Virtual assistant known as Cortana
• User interface referred as Windows

Mobile Device Center Launcher

Further reading :
https://quizlet.com/148150024/mobile-operating-system-
flash-cards/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_operating_system

176

5.1 Mobile Operating System
> Methods of Application Installation

Methods of Application Installation

• Some apps can be downloaded free and others must
be purchased. Free apps are often loaded with
advertisements to help pay for development costs.

• It is important to install apps only from trusted sources.

• Two main methods for installing content on mobile
devices: Push (Tolak) and Pull (Tarik)

Push When user install app on
their laptop or desktop
and then it is Pushed to

their Android or iOS
device.

Pull When user runs Google Play
app or the Apple App Store

app content that is
downloaded is Pulled from a

server to their device.

Note: Read the list of permissions carefully and do not
install apps that request permission to access items and

features that it should not need.

177

Home Screen Item
Managing Apps, Widgets and
Folders

178

5.2 Android Touch Interface

Android Touch Interface

• Mobile devices organize icons and widgets on multiple
screens for easy access.

• Android OS uses the system bar, displayed on the
bottom of the screen, to navigate apps and screens.

• Example : HTC designed the TouchFLO interface over
Android for its phones which has now been replaced
by HTC Sense.

179

5.2 Android Touch Interface

Managing Apps, Widgets and Folders

Apps - Each home screen is
set up with a grid where apps
can be placed.
Widgets - are programs (or
pieces of programs) that
display information
Folders - On some mobile
devices, multiple apps can be
grouped into folders to help
organize them

180

Home Screen Item
Managing Apps, Widgets and
Folders

181

5.2 Android Touch Interface

iOS Touch Interface

• iOS interface works in much the same way as the
Android interface. Home screens are used to organize
apps and apps are launched with a touch. Note: iOS does

not have navigation icons, widgets or app shortcuts.

Home button - performs many of the same functions
as the Android navigation buttons:

 Wake the device, Return to the home screen,
Return to the main home screen, Open the
multitasking bar, Start Siri or voice control,
Open audio controls, Open the search screen.

Notification Center - displays all of the alerts from
apps in one location.

182

5.2 Android Touch Interface

iOS Home Screen

183

5.2 Android Touch Interface

Managing Apps and Folders

Apps - all the apps installed
on the device are located on
the home screens.
 Many apps use an alert

badge which is displayed
as a small icon over an
app. For example,
number of missed calls.
 An alert badge with
exclamation point
indicates a problem with
the app.

Multitasking Bar -
iOS allows multiple
apps to run at the
same time.

Folders - can be
created on iOS
devices to help
organize them.

184

5.2 Android Touch Interface

Differentiation Android v iOS Home Screen

185



1. Silberschatz, A., Galvin P. B. & Gagne, G. (2016).
Operating System Concepts (8th Edition), John Wiley &
Sons. Inc USA.

2. Ghate S.V (2017), Operating System Concepts and Basic
Linux Commands, Author : Shital Vivek Ghate,
Educreation Publishing, New Delhi, ISBN: 978-1-5457-
0850-7

3. McHoes, A. & Flynn, I.M. (2010), Understanding
Operating Systems (6th Edition), Course Technology,
USA. Rohit K (2011).

4. Operating Systems, Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd, New
delhi. Lammle, T. (2011),

5. CCNA Cisco Certified Network Associate Study Guide
(7th Edition), Wiley Publishing, USA.

186