Page | 31 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION FOR EDUCATORS 2024 (ICREE 2024) significantly related to employment anxiety, among which individual types, duration of use, mimicry environment in social media and algorithm recommendation all play an important role in employment anxiety. According to the research findings, the following suggestions are put forward to the media: First, adhere to the principles of news reporting and avoid creating negative news; The second is to set the agenda and channel anxiety. Undergraduates should also improve their media literacy and view anxiety correctly. Keywords – Undergraduate students; social media use; employment anxiety; mimetic environment BLENDED TEACHING OF COLLEGE ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION IN THE POST-EPIDEMIC ERA AND THE CONTEXT OF THE INTERNET-TAKE SHANDONG, CHINA AS AN EXAMPLE Zhang Lanqing Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Abstract- Nowadays, as the development of information technology, more and more universities use multimedia to enrich students' class. In 2020, COVID-19 epidemic attacked the world, students could not enjoy their lesson in campus, therefore, online course helped us. In 2021, China has entered post-epidemic ear, students can back to the campus. Teachers and students can have face-to-face class. In addition, because of previous experience of online teaching and learning, we can continue to use the online teaching which can combine with offline teaching in the future. As a result, in this dissertation, the author will study on the blended teaching. The research project focuses on exploring college students' feelings and attitudes towards online learning English. The study used an online questionnaire to gather data on the satisfaction and factors affecting online English courses in a university of China. Results showed that students were generally satisfied with online courses, but network technology problems and lack of interaction were major issues. The study highlighted the need for schools to invest in teaching equipment and for teachers to improve their information technology skills. Challenges in implementing blended teaching methods were noted due to a lack of understanding and proficiency in technology among teachers and students. The research emphasizes the importance of improving students' information technology skills, independent learning abilities, and teacher training to enhance the effectiveness of blended learning in college English education. Keywords – Blended teaching, Blended learning, Online learning, College English, TESL, teacher's training, Internet+ AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF THE YIELDS OF DISCIPLINE AND GENDER DIFFERENCES IN POSTGRADUATE EDUCATION OF CHINA Xu Xiwen and Ko Jang Wan Sungkyunkwan University, Korea Abstract- In 2015, the State Council issued the "Overall Plan to Promote the Construction of World-Class Universities and First-Class Disciplines" and adopted the "double-class" policy as a long-term national strategy for the development of higher education. The "double firstclass" policy takes the promotion of postgraduate education as an important work direction. At the same time, subject layout and subject adjustment are the important contents of the comprehensive reform of graduate education.
Page | 32 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION FOR EDUCATORS 2024 (ICREE 2024) To adapt to the current general trend of postgraduate education in China, there are new changes in the choice of subjects and employment fields for individual students corresponding to the national macro-policy and subject development strategy. Based on CFPS data on a large sample of household tracking, OLS regression using Mincer's income equation and PSM were used to control the sample's self-selection from subject and gender perspectives. Empirical results show that (1) after controlling the subject and gender, each additional year of postgraduate education can significantly increase the income of learners by 17.2%.(2)The return on investment is inverted "U" as the number of years of work increases, that is, as the number of years of work increases, income increases, and when the number of years of work reaches a peak, income begins to decline. (3) The yield on female graduate education is significantly lower than that of male graduate education. Based on the research results, it is proposed that educational reform should be carried out by following this trend, perfecting the postgraduate management mechanism, and improving the precision of postgraduate education. At the same time, for the problem of inequality in the income of male and female education, universities should strengthen employment guidance and promote the rational allocation of resources. Keywords – Chinese postgraduate education; educational yield; Münther income equation; discipline; gender THE IMPACTS OF SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS’ DIGITAL LEADERSHIP COMPETENCIES ON TEACHERS IN SARAWAK, MALAYSIA. Caroline Cathy Nubun and Zaiton Hassan Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS) Abstract- In the context of digitalizing education, school administrators must take the lead in promoting digital literacy among staff, teachers, and students to enable the smooth integration of digital technologies in the classroom. The goal of the Malaysian education system especially in line with the Digital Education Policy is to improve the quality of teaching and learning experiences using digital tools or platforms by streamlining management and administrative process and fostering a culture of digital competency inside schools. Digital leadership influences the success of digital transformation in the school. However, the low levels of digital leadership competencies can slow the digital transformation process at school. This study employs a qualitative approach to explore the impacts of school administrators' digital leadership competencies on teachers. This study, which involved six teachers from diverse backgrounds in Sarawak, Malaysia. The study revealed the impacts of school administrations’ digital leadership competencies had positive and negative effects on both mental and physical health. Thus, knowing the impacts of digital leadership can help to develop strategies to overcome the weaknesses. The conclusions and recommendations are important for policy makers, school administration teams, and other stakeholders with an interest in the management and control of education to empowering the school administrators’ competencies in digital technologies. Therefore, in order to succeed in the digital transformation in a school, the level of digital leadership must be high in order to improve teachers’ efficacy and teachers’ well-being. Keywords – Digital Leadership, Competencies, School Administrators, Teachers
Page | 33 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION FOR EDUCATORS 2024 (ICREE 2024) PEMBELAJARAN TERADUN MELALUI MATA GURU: PENEROKAAN FENOMENOLOGI MENINGKATKAN KEMAHIRAN ABAD KE-21 DALAM PENDIDIKAN PRASEKOLAH Rosny Maidin and Mohd Khalid Mohamad Nasir Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Abstrak- Kertas kerja ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki pengalaman hidup dan persepsi guru prasekolah mengenai pembelajaran teradun yang memfokuskan kepada peranan dan keberkesananya dalam memupuk kemahiran abad ke-21 di kalangan pendidik dan murid prasekolah. Melalui lensa fenomenologi, kajian ini mendedahkan pandangan, cabaran, dan kejayaan yang rumit yang dihadapi oleh guru semasa mereka mengintegrasikan pendekatan pembelajaran teradun ke dalam amalan pedagogi mereka. Pembelajaran teradun menggabungkan pengajaran bilik darjah tradisional dengan sumber dalam talian, telah mendapat daya tarikan dalam tetapan pendidikan. Walau bagaimanapun, kurangnya kajian lepas dalam menyelidik aplikasinya dalam pendidikan prasekolah dan potensinya dalam memupuk kemahiran penting untuk kanak-kanak muda. Rentetan itu, makalah ini mengulas topik-topik penting meliputi paradigma pembelajaran teradun, kajian literatur metodologi pembelajaran teradun, kerangka teoritikel kajian, metodologi kajian, serta analisis data kajian fenomenologi ini. Dengan meneroka amalan subjektif guru, penyelidikan ini memberikan pandangan berharga mengenai potensi pembelajaran teradun untuk pembangunan kemahiran penting abad ke-21 seperti pemikiran kritis, kerjasama, komunikasi dan celik digital dalam konteks pendidikan prasekolah. Dapatan kajian ini mempunyai implikasi yang signifikan terhadap dasar pendidikan, amalan, dan usaha penyelidikan masa depan yang bertujuan mengoptimumkan integrasi pembelajaran teradun dan meningkatkan pengalaman pembelajaran secara holistik bagi guru dan murid prasekolah dalam era digital. Keywords – Fenomenologi, Pembelajaran Teradun, Pendidikan Prasekolah, Kemahiran Abad Ke-21, Persepsi Guru A STUDY ON THE MECHANISM OF GROWTH MINDSET ON ANXIETY OF CHINESE STUDENTS: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF EMOTION REGULATION STRATEGIES Wang Kang1,2 and Wong Siew Ping1 City University Malaysia1 and Ankang University2 Abstract- The current study investigates the impact of positive psychology methods on enhancing individual emotional well-being, particularly focusing on the internal mechanisms through which individual mindsets influence emotional health. Utilizing a purposive sampling technique, 465 college students from Shaanxi Province, China were selected as participants. The research employed the Dweck Mindsets Scale, Emotion Regulation Scale, and Anxiety Scale to examine the relationship between mindsets and anxiety, constructing a structural equation model to test the research hypothesis. Results reveal a negative direct correlation between growth mindset and anxiety, cognitive reappraisal strategies and anxiety, as well as a positive direct association between expression suppression strategies and anxiety. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that growth mindset impacts anxiety indirectly through cognitive reappraisal and expression suppression emotional regulation strategies. These findings contribute to a deeper comprehension of the intrinsic connection between mindsets and emotional well-being, elucidating the mediating function of various emotion regulation strategies in mindset and anxiety. The implications suggest that educators and administrators
Page | 34 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION FOR EDUCATORS 2024 (ICREE 2024) in universities should actively foster a growth mindset among college students to enhance their emotional well-being and academic success. INVESTIGATING THE IMPACT OF TASK COMPLEXITY ON SPEAKING PERFORMANCE IN THE MUET TEST Noormaizatul Akmar Bt Muhamad Nasir, Marina Bt Razaki, Nurul Husna Bt Yaacob, Raihan Bt Mohd Arifin, Banu a/p Ramanan Kolej Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Sultan Ismail Petra Abstract- Mastering the skill of speaking has long posed a significant challenge for language learners, necessitating the development of effective pedagogical strategies to address this vital aspect of language acquisition. This study aims to investigate the aspect of task complexity encountered by Malaysian University English Test (MUET) candidates during speaking assessments. Through the administration of a set of questionnaires covering various components of speaking, insights into the challenges faced by these candidates were obtained. The data analysis in this study employed a quantitative approach, primarily utilizing mean and standard deviation as the key parameters for analysis. The reliability of the questionnaire was initially tested and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.97 was obtained, affirming the instrument’s reliability. Further analysis of the data revealed that these students considered vocabulary as the most challenging component when speaking English, identified by the highest mean score of 3.43 which indicate a high level of difficulty. This urges English instructors to prioritize expanding students’ vocabulary to enable them to communicate more confidently without being hindered by lexical limitations. The findings of this study hold significance as they provide valuable insights for English instructors to comprehend the challenges students face when speaking English. With this understanding, instructors can devise targeted strategies and tailor the teaching modules accordingly to improve candidates’ overall proficiency levels. Keywords – Task Complexity, Speaking Performance, Pedagogical Strategies, Vocabulary Challenges, Lexical Limitations, MUET Speaking Test THE INFLUENCE OF TEACHERS' NONVERBAL BEHAVIORS ON COLLEGE STUDENTS' CLASSROOM ENGAGEMENT IN HEBEI PROVINCE, CHINA Hao Lingling and Wong Siew Ping City University Malaysia Abstract- Classroom is the main position of talent training. The level of students' classroom engagement is an important factor to determine the quality of classroom teaching and education teaching. At present, college students have low engagement in class (Qian, 2019). Students' classroom engagement is not enough, their classroom performance is passive, almost no students take the initiative to ask questions, and students have low autonomy (Li, 2022). In teaching practice, college teachers pay less attention to non-verbal behaviors (Liang, 2021). For a long time, scholars also focus on the study of teachers' verbal behavior in the classroom, but ignore the non-verbal behavior. The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of teachers' nonverbal behaviors on college students' classroom engagement, and to provide scientific and objective conclusions through systematic research methods and data analysis, so as to provide certain theoretical support and practical guidance for college education. Past research shows that students’ engagement in the classroom is influenced by teachers’ nonverbal behaviors. Soviet educationalist, Makarenko (1981), pointed out that in
Page | 35 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION FOR EDUCATORS 2024 (ICREE 2024) teaching practice, teachers' standing posture, sitting posture and voice have decisive significance to the classroom. The study will be quantitative research. It examines teachers' nonverbal behaviors that focuses on students’ perception about teachers’ gestures, paralanguage, eye contact, facial expression, postures and body distance. The dimensions of classroom engagement include behavioral engagement, cognitive engagement and emotional engagement. According to the official website of the National Bureau of Statistics of China, the number of students in colleges and universities in Hebei Province in 2021 is 1.7 million. This study selected students from L, M and N universities in Hebei Province, China as research samples. According to the calculation formula in Determining the Sample Size of Research Activities by Krejcie & Morgan (1970), the sample size for this study should be 368 people. At the same time, the relevant theories of this study are expounded, and on this basis, the theoretical framework and conceptual framework of this study are built. RETHINKING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THEORY AND PRACTICE IN EDUCATION MENG RUJIE City University Malaysia Abstract- Educational research and educational practice are two very important concepts in the field of education. Educational research aims to analyze problems in education through scientific research methods, explore new educational theories and methods, and improve the quality of education. Educational practice, on the other hand, is the application of educational theories to actual teaching and learning, the verification of the validity of theories through practice, and the continuous improvement and enhancement of practice. Educational research and educational practice are interdependent and mutually reinforcing. Educational research provides theoretical guidance and methodological support for educational practice. Through in-depth study of various educational issues, educational researchers can propose some guiding principles, concepts and methods of education based on scientific theories and empirical findings. These theories and methods can help educators to carry out better educational practices and improve teaching effectiveness. At the same time, educational practice contributes to educational research. Problems and challenges in educational practice stimulate the interest and motivation of educational researchers to conduct in-depth studies and to propose solutions and improvements. The experience of practice and the results of empirical research can provide valuable data and case studies for educational research, and further promote the development of educational research. Therefore, it is only when educational research and educational practice complement and promote each other that the continuous improvement and development of education can be promoted. RACIAL MICROAGGRESSION AMONG MULTIRACIAL AND INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS AT MALAYSIAN ISLAMIC Noormaizatul Akmar Bt Muhamad Nasir, Nurul Husna Bt Yaacob, Noraini Mohd Nor and Ahmad Mujahideen Haji Yusoff Kolej Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Sultan Ismail Petra Abstract- This study explores racial microaggression - a modern type of racism that is subtle, often undetected, and its existence may not be realised by the perpetrators and the victims but can have a significant impact on the well-being, sense of belonging, and mental health of individuals experiencing them over time. The suppression of overt racism act may sublimate into more subtle and indirect forms if it is not properly taken care of from the beginning.
Page | 36 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION FOR EDUCATORS 2024 (ICREE 2024) Standing on a belief that multiracial individuals often navigate unique experiences and challenges related to their racial identities, this qualitative study was conducted through online, in-depth interviews with six undergraduates from Malaysian minority races and international students recruited through purposive sampling. The collected data was analysed using Thematic Analysis. Results indicated 11 racial microaggression themes such as excluded and avoided, ridiculed for accent and in-group benefit. These racial microaggression acts took place mainly during lectures, institutional events as well as in day-to-day life. The participants experienced both positive and negative aspects of racial microaggression, which necessitated them to employ certain coping strategies to deal with those experiences. The present study provides educational insights into the reality of inter/ intra-ethnic interaction in an Islamic university setting. By addressing and challenging these microaggressions, individuals and institutions can work towards creating more equitable and inclusive environments that support the well-being and success of multiracial students. Keywords – Racial Microaggression, Multiracial Students, Coping Strategies. PERKEMBANGAN SOSIOEMOSI KANAK-KANAK BERASASKAN PENGHASILAN KARYA KREATIF MELALUI AKTIVITI MENGGAMBAR Zailatul Nazirah Binti Zakaria and Zaharah Binti Osman Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Abstrak- Perkembangan sosioemosi khususnya adalah keupayaan kanak-kanak untuk berinteraksi serta memberi tindak balas emosi terhadap sesuatu situasi atau keadaan. Ianya dapat dilihat melalui kelakuan kanak-kanak. Ianya dikategorikan sebagai tingkah laku positif dan tingkah laku negatif. Tingkah laku yang positif merujuk kepada berkongsi, berdikari, mengikut peraturan dan lain-lain. Manakala tingkah laku negatif merujuk kepada bergaduh, mengasingkan diri, dan menggigit. Adalah penting bagi kanak-kanak untuk terlibat dalam aktiviti seni dalam memperolehi emosi dan tingkah laku yang diingini. Pendidikan seni dipercayai dapat menyumbang kepada perkembangan kemahiran peribadi dan sosial kanakkanak seperti keyakinan diri dan perkongsian. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan satu kertas konsep bagi pembangunan modul perkembangan sosioemosi kanak-kanak prasekolah di TABIKA KEMAS. Modul ini berfokus pada penggunaan aktiviti menggambar sebagai medium untuk menggalakkan perkembangan sosioemosi kanak-kanak. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan berasaskan penghasilan karya kreatif, modul ini dirancang untuk memperkukuhkan kemahiran sosial, emosi, dan kognitif kanak-kanak dalam persekitaran pendidikan prasekolah. Kertas konsep ini akan membincangkan penyelidikan terdahulu yang berkaitan dengan pentingnya aktiviti seni dalam pembangunan kanak-kanak, serta konsep teori sosioemosi yang akan diintegrasikan dalam modul yang diusulkan. Selain itu, kertas konsep ini akan menjelaskan struktur dan kandungan modul yang dicadangkan, termasuk objektif pembelajaran, strategi pengajaran, dan aktiviti menggambar yang dirancang untuk mencapai tujuan perkembangan sosioemosi kanak-kanak. Hasil daripada kajian ini diharapkan dapat menyumbang kepada peningkatan kualiti pendidikan prasekolah di TABIKA KEMAS melalui penghasilan modul yang menyeluruh dan berkesan untuk pembangunan sosioemosi kanak-kanak. Kata Kunci – Aktiviti menggambar, Modul, Sosioemosi, Tabika
Page | 37 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION FOR EDUCATORS 2024 (ICREE 2024) PEMERKASAAN PENGKOMERSIALAN HASIL PENYELIDIKAN DI INSTITUSI PENGAJIAN TINGGI MALAYSIA Marina Muhammad Razaki, Khairulnazrin Nasir, Mohd Faizul Aziz Kamil, Norhaslinda Abd Razak, Tengku Badariah Tengku Yahya Kolej Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Sultan Ismail Petra (KIAS) Abstract- Penyelidikan merupakan aspek penting bagi sesebuah Institusi Pengajian Tinggi (IPT) dan dapat menyumbang kepada pembangunan ekonomi negara. Salah satu cara untuk memperkasakan penyelidikan adalah melalui pengkomersialan hasil penyelidikan. Menyedari tentang kepentingan pengkomersialan penyelidikan, kerajaan Malaysia telah mengambil pelbagai inisiatif untuk meningkatkan kadar pengkomersialan penyelidikan. Walaupun pelbagai inisiatif dan usaha telah dilakukan untuk aktiviti pengkomersialan, namun, kadar pengkomersialan penyelidikan IPT di Malaysia masih rendah. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneroka beberapa faktor memperkasakan pengkomersialan penyelidikan di IPT. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk tinjauan literatur sebagai metodologi kualitatif untuk menganalisis kajian-kajian lepas berkaitan dengan pengkomersialan penyelidikan. Data-data diperoleh daripada sumber-sumber data sekunder seperti tesis, disertasi, artikel jurnal, kertas kerja persidangan, buku rujukan, dan laman sesawang yang membincangkan topik berkaitan tema kajian. Dapatan utama kajian menunjukkan bahawa faktor sumber manusia, sosial, teknikal dan kewangan memainkan peranan penting dalam penyelidikan di IPT Malaysia. Kesimpulannya, kajian ini menekankan pentingnya penyelidik, kerjasama antara universitiindustri, pusat pengurusan pengkomersialan dan dana penyelidikan untuk memastikan kejayaan dalam pengkomersialan hasil penyelidikan di universiti sekali memperkasakan penyelidikan di IPT. Kata Kunci – Penyelidikan, Pengkomersialan Hasil Penyelidikan, Institusi Pengajian Tinggi, Faktor Penentu EFFECT OF FOLLOWERSHIP STYLE ON ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT: A PARTIAL LEAST SQUARES-STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELLING (PLS-SEM) APPROACH Cammellia Othman and Abdul Halim Busari Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS) Abstract- According to Kelley (1992), followers play a significant role in approximately 80% of an organization's overall performance. Followers' actions and attitudes are vital to execution and goal achievement. Nevertheless, the concept of followership has received limited attention in academic research. Therefore, this research aims to provide a valuable contribution to the academic field by conducting an empirical investigation of Kelley's The Followership Questionnaire (TFQ) in Sarawak, Malaysia. The purpose of this research is to identify prevalent followership styles in organization and analyze the relationship between these styles and teachers' organizational commitment. To conduct this study, a total of 899 primary school teachers were involved as respondents. To measure the followership style, The Revised of Kelly Followership Questionnaire (KFQ-R) which has been revised by Kevin et al. (2019) was found to be the most suitable for the purpose of the study. While the Three Component Model Employee Commitment Survey (TCM-ECS) questionnaire developed by Meyer and Allen (2004) was used to measure teachers' organizational commitment. This study uses quantitative methods and the data analyzed descriptively (mean, standard deviation & beta value) by using IBM Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences 2.7 (SPSS). Inferential analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-
Page | 38 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION FOR EDUCATORS 2024 (ICREE 2024) SEM). The findings of this study show that the most common followership style among teachers is exemplary followership style and there is a significant effect between followership style and organizational commitment. Overall, this study produces a model to show the contribution of followership style to organizational commitment. The study's findings have practical implications for leadership practices and tactics targeted at improving leader-follower interactions and emphasizes the need of studying followership in different circumstances to recognize their crucial role in attaining organizational commitment. Future studies should be extended to other states in Malaysia to see the effectiveness of this relationship. With that, the gap between research and practice in education can be bridged. Keywords – Followership Style, Organizational Commitment, Partial Least SquaresStructural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) TRANSFORMING EDUCATION: INNOVATIVE PRACTICES IN TEACHER CONTINUOUS PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT Josephine Ambon, Bity Salwana Alias, and Azlin Norhaini Mansor Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Abstract- Teacher Continuous Professional Development (TCPD) is essential for educators to stay current with the latest educational trends, methodologies, and technologies, ensuring they can provide the highest quality education to their students. The main goal of this study was to identify the prevailing level of engagement and implementation of innovative practices within TCPD. Recognizing the pivotal role of CPD in enhancing teaching efficacy and student outcomes, this research employs a quantitative methodology which involved 113 teachers from primary schools in Sarawak, Malaysia. A seven-point Likert scale was used to collect the data and the level of innovative practices in teacher CPD was analysed using the Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) version 29.0. Through a comprehensive survey distributed among 113 respondents, the study meticulously collects data on various dimensions of CPD practices, including keeping up-to-date, experimenting, reflecting and asking for feedback, collaborating with colleagues with the aim of improving lessons and collaborating with colleagues with the aim of improving school development. The results of this study indicate that the overall level of teacher CPD innovative practices is high (M=5.71; SP=0.68). For findings according to dimensions, keeping up-to-date dimension recorded a higher mean score compared to all dimensions of teacher CPD (M=5.76; SP=0.66), while both experimenting dimension and reflecting and asking for feedback dimension recorded a lower mean score (M=5.56; SP=0.82). By providing a clear snapshot of current practices in teacher CPD, this research contributes valuable insights to the ongoing discourse on educational transformation. It underscores the necessity for targeted interventions and support mechanisms to elevate the quality of CPD, thereby fostering a more dynamic, responsive, and effective educational ecosystem. This study lays the groundwork for future research aimed at optimizing CPD strategies to meet the evolving needs of teachers. Keywords – Teacher continuous professional development, Professional development, Innovative practises, Transforming education
Page | 39 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION FOR EDUCATORS 2024 (ICREE 2024) SELF-ESTEEM'S MEDIATING ROLE BETWEEN PARENTING STYLES AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AMONG PRESCHOOL EDUCATION STUDENTS OF VOCATIONAL COLLEGES, SICHUAN, CHINA Wu Mingli1,2 , Nordin Mamat3 and Yasmin Hussain1 City University Malaysia1 , Sichuan Preschool Educators College2 and Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris3 Abstract- Background and Purpose: Since the Chinese government released or revised laws and politics on family education, pre-school education and vocational education in recent four years, the emphasis of these education has been raised to a new height. To vocational college students majoring in preschool education, how to improve their academic performance and professional quality is related not only to their own development but also to the next generation’s development when they become preschool teachers. We examined whether selfesteem mediate the relationship between parenting style and academic performance among these students. Methodology: The quantitative survey method was used. 1050 college students majoring in preschool education were recruited through stratified sampling from four preschool educators’ colleges in Sichuan Province of China and completed: the Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ); the Self-Esteem Questionnaire (SEQ); and some demographic questions, including their current GPA. AMOS and SPSS were used to do the structural equation model (SEM), exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, reliability and validity test, and correlation analysis. Findings: PAQ and SEQ each is tested with high reliability and validity. It is found that there is a correlation between three parenting styles and academic performance (GPA); and self-esteem plays a mediating role between them. There is a significant positive relationship between authoritative parenting style and GPA. There is a low negative correlation between authoritarian parenting style and GPA. There is a low or medium negative correlation between father's and mother’s permissive parenting style and GPA. Authoritative parenting style is positively correlated with self-esteem whereas authoritarian and permissive parenting style each is negatively correlated with selfesteem. There is a significant positive relationship between self-esteem and academic performance. Conclusion and Implications: It concludes that authoritative parenting style is good for students’ self-esteem and academic performance; and high self-esteem is better for academic performance than low self-esteem. The results provide insight on using authoritative parenting style to improve students’ self-esteem and academic performance, with efforts to decrease the negative impact of authoritarian and permissive parenting styles on self-esteem and academic performance. Keywords – Academic performance, Quantitative method, Mediating effect, Self-esteem, Parenting style I DEVELOPMENT OF GAMIFICATION-BASED BILINGUAL LEARNING MATERIALS WITH LOCAL MAJAPAHIT WISDOM TO IMPROVE LITERACY AND NUMERACY SKILLS OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS Feriyanto, Wiwik Mardiana and Taswirul Afkar Majapahit Islamic University, Mojokerto, Indonesia Abstract- Purpose - This study aims to describe the process and the result of developing the gamification-based bilingual learning materials with local Majapahit wisdom to improve literacy and numeracy skills of high school students that are valid, practical and effective criteria. Methodology - The subject of this study are 12th grade students at public senior high school of Puri. The instruments of this research are initial observation sheets, interview guidelines,
Page | 40 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION FOR EDUCATORS 2024 (ICREE 2024) response questionnaires, and literacy and numeracy ability test. Findings - In preliminary stage, mathematics teacher stated that students’ literacy and numeracy ability are still low. They never prepared and used teaching materials that supported students' literacy and numeracy abilities. Only limited to giving Final Semester Examination questions. Then, the researcher and teacher determine the research subject and timeline. At the self-evaluation stage, Curriculum analysis, SMAN 1 Puri uses the independent curriculum for class X and XI, while the 2013 curriculum is for class XII. Student analysis: Class X students needed help understanding trigonometry comparisons, quadratic functions, SPLDV, SPLTV, and series. It's shown in low learning outcomes, especially when solving story problems. In the analysis of teaching materials, mathematics teachers rarely use teaching materials or learning media, only using discussion methods and approaches for students who need help understanding the material. The researcher design learning material based on the previous analysis. At the expert review stage, the expert reviewer give advice to enrich local wisdom in practice questions on teaching materials. This prototype is very valid. At the one-to-one stage, there are part of prototype needed to be understood, such as in the material for sequences and series of terms divergent, convergent, paradox Zeno. Subjects experienced difficulties understanding word problems with local wisdom on the material system of equations, which only modeled the mathematical equations. But the subject solves the problem in the final settlement. Significance – Through the results of this research, teachers can develop learning media by considering gamification, local wisdom, and bilingualism to improve students' English language skills and numeracy literacy. Keywords – Gamification, Majapahit, Bilingual, Local Wisdom UNVEILING THE PEDAGOGICAL PROFICIENCY: EXPLORING THE CRITICAL THINKING COMPETENCY FRAMEWORK OF ARABIC LANGUAGE EDUCATORS TEACHING AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE USING PARTIAL LEAST SQUARES-STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING Hanzalah Mohamed Nor1 , Ahmad Johari Sihes2 , Khairuddin Said1 , Ab Hamid Ali1 and Zai Hazreen Ab Malik3 Institute Pendidikan Guru Malaysia Kampus Kota Bharu1 , Universiti Teknologi Malaysia2 and Sekolah Kebangsaan Puteri Ledang3 Abstract- Recent studies have highlighted the importance of critical thinking skills across various fields, with significant implications for educational curricula. The competence of foreign language educators in possessing the necessary skills, abilities, and competencies is crucial for effective task performance, ultimately impacting student learning outcomes. Guided by a combination theory of competencies proposed by Boyatzis (1982, 2008), Facione (1990) and al-Farabi (1968), this research adopts the 21 st century competency model to identify the competency elements of Arabic language educators in Malaysia. This research study aims to explore and identify the existingcompetency elements of Arabic language educators in secondary school. This quantitative study used a population comprising 286 respondents of Arabic language educators in Malaysia. Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) is employed for data analysis to explore the relationship between various latent constructs. Exogenous constructs include personal attributes, critical thinking skills, critical thinking dispositions, and environments, while the endogenous construct focuses on the critical thinking competency framework. The construct validity and reliability of the model are evaluated using Internal Consistency Reliability (Cronbach Alpha, Composite Reliability) and Validity (Cross Loading, Fornell Larcker’s Criteria, and HTMT Correlation). Indicators that do not meet the PLS-SEM requirements are dropped, resulting in a final set of 102 retained indicators. The evaluation model is then implemented to form a comprehensive framework assessing the interlinked constructs.
Page | 41 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION FOR EDUCATORS 2024 (ICREE 2024) Keywords – Arabic Teachers, Foreign Language Educators, Competency Framework, Critical Thinking, PLS-SEM, Secondary School. DEVELOPMENT OF KIAS RESEARCH INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (KIASEXPERTS) FOR MALAYSIA RESEARCH ASSESSMENT (MYRA) AUDITING PURPOSES MOHD FAIZUL AZIZ BIN KAMIL Kolej Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Sultan Ismail Petra Abstract- As KIAS prepares for MyRA audit and accreditation, joining MyRA signifies a step forward, offering potential benefits such as quality assurance, benchmarking, funding, and stakeholder confidence. However, KIAS currently lacks a comprehensive research management system, relying on manual processes. The development of KIASEXPERTS aims to address this gap, potentially improving research management practices by providing a platform for efficient and transparent information management. This system aims to streamline processes and enhance accountability, potentially benefiting research endeavors at KIAS. The objectives of this study encompass several key facets aimed at enhancing research information management within KIAS. Firstly, the development aims to automate data collection processes, centralize information, track progress effectively, generate comprehensive reports, and ensure compliance with regulatory standards and institutional requirements. Through these objectives, KIASEXPERTS aims to potentially foster efficiency, transparency, and accountability in research management at KIAS. In adopting a waterfall model for development, our technology stack includes Apache, PHP, MariaDB, and HMVC architecture. Integration of various JavaScript libraries and PHP classes/plugins enables potential enhancements such as dynamic data table generation, rapid front-end design, and efficient data export. Leveraging pre-existing solutions may facilitate accelerated development and enhance user experience. Insights from discussions with other organizations may inform our methodology. Currently in the implementation phase, KIASEXPERTS aims to potentially feature comprehensive data management capabilities, tailored user interfaces, and robust reporting functionalities. Specific features aim to ensure potential compliance with MyRA standards, facilitating accreditation requirements. Upon completion, KIASEXPERTS may potentially contribute to improving research management at KIAS, potentially leading to enhanced research quality, efficiency, and stakeholder confidence. In conclusion, the development of KIASEXPERTS may potentially contribute to improving research management at KIAS. With planned enhancements to potentially facilitate SETARA audit information management, its completion may potentially play a role in advancing research quality and efficiency, potentially representing a step forward in research governance at KIAS. Keywords – Information Management System; System Development; Institute of Higher Learning BRIDGING FORM AND FUNCTION: ENHANCING AESTHETIC ABILITY THROUGH TEACHING DESIGN IN HEBEI'S ENGINEERING EDUCATION Zhu Yumin City University Malaysia Abstract- This paper explores the vital integration of aesthetic education into the engineering curriculum in Hebei, China, a region pivotal to the nation’s technological progress.
Page | 42 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION FOR EDUCATORS 2024 (ICREE 2024) Recognizing the evolving complexity of engineering challenges, this study advocates for a comprehensive educational approach that harmonizes technical skills with aesthetic sensibility, essential for fostering innovation. Drawing from constructivist learning theory, Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences, Dewey’s concept of aesthetic experience, and cultural-historical activity theory, we propose a pedagogical framework emphasizing experiential learning. This framework aims to enhance students' aesthetic appreciation alongside their technical acumen, employing a mixed-methods research design including surveys, interviews, and classroom observations across Hebei’s engineering colleges. The research seeks to pinpoint effective strategies for embedding aesthetic education within engineering disciplines, with the goal of nurturing engineers who are not only technically adept but also possess aesthetic and creative capacities. By underscoring the importance of integrating aesthetic judgment and technical skills, this study aims to significantly impact curriculum development, teaching strategies, and educational policy reform. It advocates for a paradigm shift in engineering education that values innovation, technical skills, and aesthetic judgment equally, preparing engineers to meet contemporary challenges with a balanced blend of creativity and technical expertise. Keywords – Teaching design, aesthetic education, Hebei Engineering Colleges TRANSFORMING MALAYSIA’S HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS WITH SETARA RATING Tengku Badariah Tengku Yahya1 , Khairulnazrin Nasir2 , Marina Muhammad Razaki1 , Mohd Faizul Aziz Kamil1 and Norhaslinda Abd Razak1 Kolej Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Sultan Ismail Petra and Pusat Pendidikan Universiti Malaya Abstract- The aim of this paper is to give an overview on SETARA rating towards improving the quality assurance for Higher Education Institutions in Malaysia. By following the instruments in SETARA will transforms the institutions to next level, upgraded the quality assurance practices and innovation to create new value added for institutions. The implementation of rating system in Malaysia and current institutions’ achievement to ensure the success and sustainability of institutions in the market. The paper reviews literatures on SETARA rating, main objectives in developing the instrument of SETARA and the government visions. The roles of Higher Education Institutions in Malaysia (PHEIs) on quality assurance, to meet the standard and becomes public choice to further their study were discussed and previous studies were analysed. The method used to complete this paper was from data collection of published journals, conferences papers and books. The results showed that using the SETARA rating is the keys to stay competitive in business and relevant in the field expert. Besides, the instruments revised also could create innovation and ideas that were unique from others. Keywords – Higher Education Institutions, SETARA Rating, Instrument, Innovation and Quality Assurance.
Page | 43 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION FOR EDUCATORS 2024 (ICREE 2024) EFFECTS OF TGFU AND SET MODELS AS COACHING INSTRUCTIONS ON GAME PERFORMANCE AMONG MALAYSIAN PRIMARY ABORIGINAL STUDENT FOOTBALL PLAYERS Mohamad Nor Farihan Sulong1 , Zulakbal Abd Karim2 , Sanmuga Nathan K. Jeganathan3 , Abdul Rahaman Mohamed4 dan Mohd Izwan Shahril5 Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris1,2,4,5 dan Independent Researcher3 Abstrak- Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kajian-kajian lepas berkaitan dengan Malaysia Research Assessment (MyRA) dan memberikan sorotan literatur yang komprehensif tentang MyRA. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menganalisis tema dan tumpuan kajian-kajian lepas berkaitan MyRA, terutamanya peranan MyRA dalam pembangunan penyelidikan, cabaran pelaksanaan MyRA, dan strategi meningkatkan pencapaian penarafan MyRA. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk tinjauan literatur sebagai metodologi kualitatif untuk menganalisis kajian-kajian lepas berkaitan dengan MyRA. Data-data diperoleh daripada sumber-sumber data sekunder seperti tesis, disertasi, artikel jurnal, kertas kerja persidangan, buku rujukan, dan laman sesawang yang membincangkan topik berkaitan tema kajian. Datadata ini dianalisis secara tematik. Dapatan utama kajian menunjukkan bahawa MyRA memainkan peranan penting dalam pembangunan penyelidikan di IPT Malaysia, tetapi terdapat cabaran dalam pelaksanaannya seperti halangan bahasa, akses terhad kepada peluang penerbitan, dan persaingan untuk penerbitan dalam jurnal berimpak tinggi. Oleh itu, strategi yang disyorkan untuk mengatasi cabaran ini termasuk meningkatkan kemahiran bahasa Inggeris, meningkatkan akses kepada peluang penerbitan, dan memperbaiki kualiti penyelidikan. Kesimpulannya, MyRA memainkan peranan penting dalam pembangunan penyelidikan di IPT Malaysia, dan strategi yang disyorkan perlu dilaksanakan untuk meningkatkan pencapaian penarafan MyRA. Keywords – Penilaian penyelidikan, Malaysia Research Assessment (MyRA), IPT, tinjauan literatur, pembangunan penyelidikan PELAKSANAAN INSTRUMEN PENILAIAN PENYELIDIKAN OLEH MALAYSIA RESEARCH ASSESSMENT (MYRA) DI IPT MALAYSIA: PERANAN, CABARAN DAN STRATEGI Khairulnazrin Nasir, Marina Muhammad Razaki, Faizul Aziz Kamil, Norhaslinda Abd Razak and Tengku Badariah Tengku Yahya Pusat Pendidikan Universiti Malaya and Kolej Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Sultan Ismail Petra Abstrak- Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kajian-kajian lepas berkaitan dengan Malaysia Research Assessment (MyRA) dan memberikan sorotan literatur yang komprehensif tentang MyRA. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menganalisis tema dan tumpuan kajian-kajian lepas berkaitan MyRA, terutamanya peranan MyRA dalam pembangunan penyelidikan, cabaran pelaksanaan MyRA, dan strategi meningkatkan pencapaian penarafan MyRA. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk tinjauan literatur sebagai metodologi kualitatif untuk menganalisis kajian-kajian lepas berkaitan dengan MyRA. Data-data diperoleh daripada sumber-sumber data sekunder seperti tesis, disertasi, artikel jurnal, kertas kerja persidangan, buku rujukan, dan laman sesawang yang membincangkan topik berkaitan tema kajian. Datadata ini dianalisis secara tematik. Dapatan utama kajian menunjukkan bahawa MyRA memainkan peranan penting dalam pembangunan penyelidikan di IPT Malaysia, tetapi terdapat cabaran dalam pelaksanaannya seperti halangan bahasa, akses terhad kepada peluang penerbitan, dan persaingan untuk penerbitan dalam jurnal berimpak tinggi. Oleh itu,
Page | 44 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION FOR EDUCATORS 2024 (ICREE 2024) strategi yang disyorkan untuk mengatasi cabaran ini termasuk meningkatkan kemahiran bahasa Inggeris, meningkatkan akses kepada peluang penerbitan, dan memperbaiki kualiti penyelidikan. Kesimpulannya, MyRA memainkan peranan penting dalam pembangunan penyelidikan di IPT Malaysia, dan strategi yang disyorkan perlu dilaksanakan untuk meningkatkan pencapaian penarafan MyRA. Kata Kunci – Penilaian penyelidikan, Malaysia Research Assessment (MyRA), IPT, tinjauan literatur, pembangunan penyelidikan. EXPLORING LIFE VALUES EDUCATION AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS IN CHINA Hou Xianqiang and Wong Siew Ping City University Malaysia Abstract- Currently, the majority of college students exhibit emotional stability, yet there are a few who don't fully appreciate the value of life. Upon investigation, it becomes evident that the primary obstacles impeding the advancement of life values education include inadequate educational content, limited educational methodologies, and challenges in fostering collaborative efforts. These issues stem largely from familial, educational, and societal influences. This research aims to underscore the significance of life values education by presenting real-life instances of cognitive biases in college students' understanding of life values. It will identify and critique the shortcomings of life values education within ideological and political education, analyze the underlying causes of these deficiencies, introduce the concept of consciousness regarding rights and responsibilities related to life values, and propose corresponding solutions to enhance the development of life values education. Emphasizing the concept of life values aids students in recognizing and practicing life values to achieve their life goals effectively. Furthermore, moral values and social education constitute fundamental components of this educational approach, addressing contemporary security issues. With these, students are equipped with strategies to navigate life's challenges more effectively. Keywords – Malaysian Literature in English; Poetry; Eye-tracking method; Cognitive process; Reading Strategies EXPLORING THE READING OF MALAYSIAN POEMS USING EYE-TRACKING METHOD: A CASE STUDY IN UTAR Foong Soon Seng1 , Raphael Thoo Yi Xian1 , Chin Ying Shin1 , Lee Ai-Suan2 and Pong Kok Shiong3 Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman1 , Sunway University2 and Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, China3 Abstract- Reading is a cognitive process where readers construct meaning from the reading materials. Despite that, studies show that readers do not fixate on every word while reading. Recent eye- tracking studies suggest that readers tend to be selective with the words they read, and repeatedly return to areas that draw their attention. As compared to prose, teaching and learning poetry within English Literature has always been challenging due to its highly abstract, subjective, and variable structures. These challenges are heightened when online resources are scarce, particularly in analysing lesser-known works by Malaysian Anglophone
Page | 45 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION FOR EDUCATORS 2024 (ICREE 2024) writers. Therefore, the current research aims to examine the reading strategies used by undergraduate English majors when they interpret poems written by Malaysian Anglophone writers through the use of eye-tracking methods. The current study involves two stages - Stage 1- experiment and Stage 2- In-depth interview. A total of 35 English language major students will be recruited using purposive sampling for this study. Data will be collected by using an eye-tracker device and based on participants’ gaze patterns, a semi-structured interview will be conducted to understand their mental processes and challenges (if any) as they were interpreting the poems. While previous studies have examined reading patterns in academic material, less is known about their thought processes while reading highly subjective texts, such as poetry, which are open to interpretation. Thus, eye-tracking method can be utilised to understand students' cognitive process while they read the selected poems in this study, which provide factual insights rather than relying solely on assumptions and self-reporting by students. Keywords – Malaysian Literature in English; Poetry; Eye-tracking method; Cognitive process; Reading Strategies FROM CHALK TO CLICKS: TRANSFORMING PHYSICAL EDUCATION WITH DIGITAL TOOLS AND RESOURCES Zakiah Noordin1 and Mohamad Nizam Nazarudin2 Institut Pendidikan Guru Kampus Pendidikan Islam and Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Abstract-This study objectives are to identity readiness to incorporate technology-based activities, skills, and knowledge to effectively integrate technology into teaching practices, and access to technological resources. This study employs a quantitative approach and a descriptive research design. The study targets 217 physical education teachers working in various secondary schools across a specific district in the state of Selangor, Malaysia. The selection of participants is based on a non-probability sampling technique, aiming for a broad representation of schools in the district. Data collected using a structured questionnaire and distributed in a digital format via Google Forms to facilitate ease of distribution and response collection. Descriptive statistics, including means, standard deviations employed to analyse the collected data. Readiness to Incorporate Technology indicates a moderate level of readiness among P.E. teachers, with the highest readiness seen in 'Attitudes towards Technology in Education' (Mean=4.65, SD=9.45). Skills and Knowledge for Integration indicates a moderate level, and teachers demonstrate relatively high proficiency with technology tools (Mean=3.95, SD=12.21) and an ability to adapt pedagogically (Mean=4.10, SD=10.42), indicating a strong foundation for integrating technology into teaching practices. Access to Technological Resources indicates a moderate level and notably low score in 'Availability of Devices' (Mean=1.98, SD=12.23). P.E. teachers show a readiness to incorporate technology and possess relevant skills, significant disparities in access to technological resources and varying levels of readiness and skills could hinder effective integration. Further research is needed to explore the underlying factors contributing to these disparities and to develop strategies to support teachers in overcoming these challenges. Keywords – Physical, Health, Education, Digital Tools, Technology, Teaching
Page | 46 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION FOR EDUCATORS 2024 (ICREE 2024) EDUCATION 4.0: INVESTIGATING ESL PRESERVICE TEACHERS' PERCEPTIONS OF GAMIFICATION AS A TEACHING STRATEGY Tee Yun Jia and Mohd Amir Izuddin bin Mohamad Ghazali Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar Abstract- Integrating technology and innovative pedagogical approaches has become increasingly vital in today's modern education landscape. Within the context of Education 4.0, which emphasizes the integration of digital technologies and 21st-century skills into education, gamification emerges as a compelling strategy to meet the evolving needs of learners in Malaysia. Given the potential of gamification to revolutionize teaching and learning practices, this paper examines the English as a Second Language (ESL) preservice teachers' (PSTs) perceptions regarding the integration of gamification as a teaching strategy to teach English language during their practicum stint in school. Framed within the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) theoretical framework, the study uses a quantitative research method to explore ESL PSTs' perceptions of using gamification in instructional activities. The findings revealed that they perceived gamification as an excellent and effective teaching strategy to transform their students into active learners during their classroom activities. Not only that, it provides them the opportunity to improve their knowledge and skills in integrating technology into their lesson. As a result, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of gamification's potential benefits and implications as a pedagogical approach to language teaching. Ultimately, the research aims to inform teacher education programs and instructional practices, guiding the effective utilization of gamification to enhance ESL learning experiences. AMALAN PENGAJARAN DAN PEMBELAJARAN AKTIVITI “NATURE WALK” DALAM KALANGAN PENDIDIK TASKA Nurshahira Ismail, Nik Nur Eisya Izzati Nik Lah dan Mohamed Ayob Sukani Universiti Selangor Abstrak- Kajian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan maklumat mengenai amalan pengajaran dan pembelajaran (PdP) aktiviti “Nature Walk" dalam kalangan pendidik Taska. Objektif kajian adalah mengenal pasti amalan pengajaran dan pembelajaran aktiviti “Nature Walk" dalam kalangan pendidik Taska dan mengenal pasti pola amalan pengajaran dan pembelajaran aktiviti “Nature Walk" dalam kalangan pendidik Taska. Seramai 50 orang responden dilibatkan dalam kajian ini, yang terdiri daripada kalangan guru-guru Taska di negeri Selangor. Kaedah kajian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan satu set instrumen soal selidik melibatkan tiga bahagian. Data kajian dianalisis menggunakan perisian SPSS, bagi mendapatkan hasil kajian dalam bentuk min, sisihan piawai dan peratusan. Dapatan kajian bagi amalan pengajaran dan pembelajaran aktiviti “Nature Walk", adalah pada tahap Min (4.31) Sisihan Piawai (0.67) dan Peratus adalah 86.26%. Manakala dapatan kajian bagi pola amalan pengajaran dan pembelajaran aktiviti “Nature Walk" dalam kalangan pendidik Taska adalah, Min 4.24, S.P 0.67, 84.8% dapatan bagi pengajaran yang melibatkan Pendekatan, Min 4.30, S.P. 0.75, 86.1% dapatan bagi pengajaran yang melibatkan Kaedah, Min 4.36, S.P 0.65, 87.1% dapatan bagi pengajaran yang melibatkan Teknik, Min 4.17, S.P. 0.67, 83.4% dapatan bagi pengajaran yang melibatkan Strategi, serta Min 4.50, S.P. 0.60, 90.0% pula adalah dapatan bagi pengajaran yang melibatkan Aktiviti. Manakala, dapatan pendapat umum kajian membuktikan bahawa amalan pengajaran dan pembelajaran “Nature Walk" yang melibatkan elemen “aktiviti” menjadi sangat penting untuk perkembangan kanak-kanak kerana melibatkan penerokaan kanak-kanak dengan dunia persekitaran mereka.
Page | 47 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION FOR EDUCATORS 2024 (ICREE 2024) Sehubungan itu, pendidik TASKA perlu lebih kreatif, berkemahiran dan berpengetahuan dalam melaksanakan pengajaran dan pembelajaran “Nature Walk". Kata Kunci – Nature Walk, Taska, Pengajaran, Amalan, Pengajaran Dan Pembelajaran The Impact of Collaborative Learning Factors on Enhancing Colleges Students’ involvement in Extra-Curricular Activities: The role of Perceived Benefits, Learning Goals, and Educator Support in China Feng Feng City University Malaysia Abstract- This study explores the impact of collaborative learning factors on college students' involvement in extra-curricular activities in Anhui Province, China. Through a quantitative correlational design, data were collected from 1402 students across four colleges. The research investigates the interplay between perceived benefits, learning goals, and educator support in shaping students' engagement in non-academic pursuits. Findings reveal that perceived benefits, including skill development and personal growth, significantly influence students' motivation to participate in extra-curricular activities. Additionally, the alignment of these activities with students' academic and personal learning goals plays a pivotal role in determining their level of involvement. Moreover, educator support, such as mentorship and encouragement, emerged as a critical factor in promoting students' participation in extracurricular pursuits. Despite challenges such as time management issues and social pressures, addressing these barriers is essential to creating an enabling environment that fosters active engagement. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the collaborative learning factors influencing college students' involvement in extra-curricular activities, providing insights for educational institutions to develop targeted interventions and strategies. Keywords – Collaborative Learning, Extra-Curricular Activities, Perceived Benefits, Learning Goals, Educator Support A SURVEY ON ACADEMIC BURNOUT OF HIGHER VOCATIONAL COLLEGE STUDENTS IN JIUJIANG VOCATIONAL UNIVERSITY Zhang Xiaoxi City University Malaysia Abstract- Academic burnout has become an important problem that troubles the learning and life of vocational college students. Academic burnout not only leads to internal and external problems such as depression, aversion to learning, and dropout among students, but also affects their future employment and career development. The study takes students in vocational college as the research object and uses questionnaire to investigate and analyze the current situation of their academic burnout. Keywords – Academic Burnout, Higher Vocational College Students, Questionnaire
Page | 48 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION FOR EDUCATORS 2024 (ICREE 2024) CONSTRUCTION OF EVALUATION INDICATOR SYSTEM FOR INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION IN SICHUAN UNIVERSITIES LI DAI QIONG City University Malaysia Abstract- The upgrading of industrial structure and the comprehensive application of intelligent manufacturing technology have prompted a transformation in the landscape of innovation and entrepreneurship education in Chinese colleges and universities, accompanied by a reconfiguration of the evaluation system. The theory of entrepreneurial competence, Bloom's theory of classification of educational goals, and contemporary educational evaluation theory are employed in accordance with the requirements of the General Office of the State Council on the Implementation Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education in Colleges and Universities, and guided by the theory of the C The IPP evaluation model can be utilized to construct an evaluation system for innovation and entrepreneurship education in Sichuan colleges and universities. This system can be constructed from the following aspects: the purpose of the evaluation, the content of the evaluation, the subject of the evaluation, the object of the evaluation, the method of evaluation, the evaluation criteria, and the results of evaluation. The evaluation system of entrepreneurship education is of great practical significance for deepening the reform of innovation and entrepreneurship education and improving the quality of entrepreneurial talents. Keywords – Sichuan, Universities, Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education Effectiveness, Evaluation Index System THE MODERATING ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY-BASED RESOURCES AND MOTIVATION: EXAMINING THE INFLUENCE OF SOFT AND HARD SKILL ON ENGLISH-SPEAKING PROFICIENCY AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS IN NANCHANG, CHINA Zhang Donghua City University Malaysia Abstract- The study investigates the influence of soft skills, hard skills, technology-based resources, and motivation on English-speaking proficiency among college students in Nanchang, China. Through a comprehensive examination of these factors, the research aims to provide insights into the complex dynamics of language acquisition in an educational context characterized by globalization and digitalization. Findings reveal the interplay between soft skills, such as communication and empathy, and hard skills, including grammar and vocabulary, in shaping language proficiency. Additionally, the study highlights the moderating role of technology-based resources and intrinsic motivation in facilitating language learning. By adopting a holistic approach to language education and leveraging technological innovations, educators and policymakers can better support students in achieving Englishspeaking proficiency and preparing for success in an increasingly interconnected world. Keywords – Soft Skills, Hard Skills, Technology-Based Resources, Motivation, EnglishSpeaking Proficiency
Page | 49 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION FOR EDUCATORS 2024 (ICREE 2024) UNDERUTILIZATION OF MALAY LANGUAGE TEXTBOOKS AND THE POTENTIAL OF FLIP TEXTBOOKS: EXPLORING TEACHERS' PERCEPTIONS AND THE IMPACT ON STUDENTS' MOTIVATION AND LEARNING PERFORMANCE Rosmaria Omar1, Azhar Md Sabil2 , Shamsuddin Othman3 and Abu Bakar Mohammad 4 Open University Malaysia1 and University Putra Malaysia2,3,4 Abstract- This study aims to explore the use of Malay Language textbooks among Malay Language teachers in lower secondary schools. The researchers sought to examine the suitability of the content, materials, presentation, and language contained in the textbooks, as well as their usage in the teaching and learning process. Based on an interview with a Malay Language teacher, it was found that the use of textbooks among teachers is very low. Most teachers tend to use exercise books and other materials obtained from other states for examination purposes. Textbooks are seen as not helpful for students and teachers and do not meet the requirements of the examinations. Additionally, teachers' proficiency and attitudes towards the Malay Language subject also influence the use of textbooks. Teachers were found to be less skilled in grammar and language terminology and do not strive to increase their knowledge. They are also bound by school administration instructions in lesson planning, which limits teachers' creativity. This study aims to identify the role of textbooks in enhancing motivation and learning performance in Malay Language from the perspective of educational psychology. Textbooks are the primary resource in teaching and learning in schools, yet their effectiveness in influencing students' psychological aspects is still understudied. This quantitative study involves 200 randomly selected Malay Language teachers from secondary schools in several states in Malaysia. Data were collected using a questionnaire containing items related to teachers' perceptions of textbook characteristics, students' motivation levels, and Malay Language learning performance. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis to identify the relationship between study variables and multiple regression analysis to determine the influence of textbook characteristics and students' motivation levels on Malay Language learning performance. The findings show that there is a significant positive relationship between textbook characteristics and students' motivation levels (r=0.72, p<0.01) and Malay Language learning performance (r=0.68, p<0.01). Multiple regression analysis also shows that textbook characteristics (β=0.53, p<0.001) and students' motivation levels (β=0.39, p<0.001) are significant predictors of Malay Language learning performance, with 64% of the variance in learning performance explained by the regression model (F(2,197)=175.62, p<0.001, R²=0.64). These findings contribute to the understanding of the importance of textbooks in influencing students' psychological aspects and improving Malay Language learning outcomes. The implications of this study suggest that textbook characteristics that are effective from the perspective of educational psychology should be emphasized in the process of developing and selecting textbooks in schools. Further research is recommended to identify specific textbook characteristics that can enhance students' motivation and learning performance in different contexts. Keywords – Textbooks, Motivation, Learning Performance, Malay Language, Educational Psychology, Correlation Analysis, Regression Analysis
Page | 50 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION FOR EDUCATORS 2024 (ICREE 2024) THE CHALLENGES OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Hutkemri Zulnaidi1 , Nofouz Mafarja2 , Suzieleez Syrene Abdul Rahim1 & Umi Kalsum Mohd Salleh1 UniversitI Malaya1 and Universiti Tun Hussain Onn2 Abstract- This research investigates the relationship between collaboration and mathematics teachers' preparedness for the Industrial Revolution, with morality acting as a mediator. Data on collaboration, preparedness, and moral values will be collected through a survey and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The study included 231 mathematics teachers from Indonesia and 384 from Malaysia. The findings indicate that morality significantly mediates the link between collaboration and the readiness of mathematics teachers for IR4.0 in both countries. The study underscores the importance of morality in shaping the relationship between collaboration and teachers' preparedness for the Industrial Revolution. Additionally, it sheds light on the factors affecting the success of teacher training programs aimed at equipping educators for the Industrial Revolution. The research suggests that incorporating moral values into the design of teacher training programs can enhance the impact of collaboration on teachers' readiness. Keywords – Textbooks, Motivation, Learning Performance, Malay Language, Educational Psychology, Correlation Analysis, Regression Analysis Lifelong Learning: Collaborative Teacher Learning as a Mediator Umi Kalsum Mohd Salleh1 , Hutkemri Zulnaidi1 , Suzieleez Syrene Abdul Rahim1 & Nofouz Mafarja2 UniversitI Malaya1 and Universiti Tun Hussain Onn2 Abstract- Self-directed learning involves individuals taking charge of their own educational journey and aligning it with their personal objectives. This research indicates that self-directed learning is a key factor in lifelong learning, as those who manage their own learning are more likely to continue learning throughout their lives. The study explored the connections between self-directed learning, collaborative teacher learning, and teachers' views on Information and Communication Technology (ICT), which may influence lifelong learning. The research included 310 postgraduate students in Malaysia, comprising 105 (33.7%) males and 207 (66.3%) females, selected through cluster random sampling. A correlational research design was used to assess the relationships between self-directed learning, collaborative teacher learning, teacher perceptions of ICT, and lifelong learning. Data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis with AMOS 18. The results supported previous findings that selfdirected learning and teacher perceptions of ICT impact lifelong learning. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis revealed significant effects of self-directed learning and collaborative teacher learning, but no significant link was found between teacher perceptions of ICT and collaborative teacher learning. Collaborative teacher learning partially mediated the effects of self-directed learning on lifelong learning. Indirect effects of teacher perceptions of ICT on lifelong learning were observed through collaborative teacher learning as a partial mediator. The findings suggest that collaborative teacher learning plays a crucial role in the interplay between self-directed learning, teacher perceptions of ICT, and lifelong learning. Keywords – Collaborative teacher learning, self-directed learning, teacher perception of ICT
Page | 51 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF RESEARCH AND EDUCATION FOR EDUCATORS 2024 (ICREE 2024) A Teacher From the Lense of Preservice Teachers Suzieleez Syrene Abdul Rahim & Hutkemri Zulnaidi UniversitI Malaya Abstract- Teachers in the 21st century need to be reflective practitioners. This preliminary research investigated the use of journal to support pre-service teachers’ reflective practice in their journey to become teachers. The aim of this paper is to share initial findings of the perspectives of 5 preservice teachers on who a teacher is. A qualitative research approach was adopted where the preservice teachers were required to write honestly a reflective account of who is a teacher to them. The main source of data was the individual reflective account of the preservice teachers. This data was analysed by constant comparative method. The findings provided varied insights into how teachers are perceived as well as indicating the use of journals as a reflective tool. Keywords – Reflective practice, Preservice teachers, Perception of a teacher
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