PREFACE (Bro. Surakit Srisrankulwong, Ph.D.) Director March 2023 Nowadays, learning English is the most essential activity in our daily routine. Needless to say, it is the most fundamental means of communication in the field of education in order to instill in the learner’s positive attitudes towards English language. Consequently, the learner can use the language in multiple life situations, and in search for knowledge to sustain a career and further high level of studies. In addition, it can also aid the ability to understand various cultural differences and challenges. Therefore, the teaching and learning process is considered to be most beneficial as the teacher educates the subject content thus enabling the learner to grasp in a less complex effort. This vocabulary book is published for the exclusive use in teaching and learning of five basic subjects namely Mathematics, Science, Technology and Occupation, Social Studies, Religion and Culture and English for Primary 1 to Secondary 6 students. This book introduces English vocabulary words used in the abovementioned subjects with examples on how to adapt them in daily communication to attain goals and efficiency. It is with great expectation that the contents in this English vocabulary book may benefit the teachers and students in a way that it is genuinely learned as English is a medium of instruction. Every single vocabulary word is related to the learner’s daily life. The contents are expected to respond to the basic learning needs and preferences of the learner and therefore may involve recreational learning and utmost advantage. Finally, I would like to acknowledge the valuable efforts of the teachers of the Foreign Languages Department, the Academic Affairs, and those who in one way or another have been part of the preparation and success of this book. God bless you constantly.
2 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE 565 Samsen Rd., Dusit, Bangkok 10300. THAILAND. Tel. 0-2243-0065, 0-2243-7002, 0-2243-2153, Fax: 0-2243-2150 Website: http://www.sg.ac.th All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any forms or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of Saint Gabriel’s College. HONORARY ADVISOR : Bro. Surakit Srisrankulwong, Ph.D. COMMITTEE : Bro. Bhuvarindhara Khemrachanon, M.A. Bro. Pathanant Chaiyara Bro. Siriroj Viriyasirimongkol, Ph.D. Board of Director Mr. Thong-in Sawaengsin, M.A. Mr. Pisit Krittayanawach, M.A. Mr. Avirut Wisetchart, M.A. Mrs. Sureerat Chaisuriya, M.Ed. Ms. Yaowaluck Yoocharoen, M.A. Ms. Pornsirin Watthanasathian, M.A. English Teachers Primary 1 - Secondary 6 EDITORIAL TEAM : Mrs. Sureerat Chaisuriya, M.Ed. Members of the Foreign Language Department DESIGN & LAYOUT : Mr. Wutichart Chatarupacheewin, M.FA. Mr. Sarayut Jorjaroenpanich Mr. Peerawit Arjloi Mr. Pheempapob Chatarupacheewin PRODUCED BY : Saint Gabriel’s College BANGKOK, THAILAND Copyright @ 2023
3 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND CONTENTS Preface 1 Coat of Arms 4 Foreign Languages (English) 6 Mathematics 24 Science and Technology 34 Social Studies 44 Occupation 60 - Computer 61 - Technology 63
4 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND COAT OF ARMS Coat of arms is a translation of the French COTTE D’ ARMES. Usually it is depicted with the particular heraldic bearings of a person or family on an escutcheon, and from it we can learn much about the person or family which adopted the particular coat of arms. BROTHERS OF ST. GABRIEL The name “the Brothers of St. Gabriel” reminds us of those Brothers who sacrificed their lives, and their mother’s land, in order to help educate and develop our Thai children to grow in the right path. “LABOR OMNIA VINCIT” is the motto of our school. “We can overcome all difficulties through working hard,” or, as the Latin proverb says : “Labor conquers all things.” “Life - Boat” Symbolized By “The Ship in The Sea” “The ship in the Sea” symbolizes that we have to keep on struggling and facing different difficulties in the sea of life, just like the ship or the boat that fights stormy wing, steamy sun and rainy sea in order NOT to capsize in the middle of the sea. This should always remind us that “Life is a Struggle” or “To Live is to Struggle” against the problems and difficulties and not to give up. “DS” (read “D and S”) Cross In The Middle With The Cross “D” or Divinity represents “Religion”. We all need religion in life and mind. The Cross is the symbol of “love” and “sacrifice” just as Jesus sacrificed his life for our love and he redeemed our sins as he said: “There is no other love greater than sacrificing our life for others.” “S” or “Science” means “Knowledge,” which is the root of man’s ability to reason. Everyone should always aim at gaining more knowledge. The
5 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND more we learn about mundane knowledge, the more we should also learn about “Dharma” or religious, ethical virtues. Moreover, DIS also comes from the French phrase, “Dieu Seul,” which means “ALL WE DO IS FOR THE GRACE OF GOD ONLY.” It is to remind us of St. Louis Marie de Montfort, the Founding Father of the Brothers of St. Gabriel’s motto. With this powerful motto, we have the will to work without yielding to difficulties, at studies as well as at work. We all uphold it up to this day. A.M. and The White Lilies “A.M.” is abbreviated from a Latin word, “ALMA MATER,” meaning literally, “Dear Mother,” in Latin and indicating “MOTHER COLLEGE,” which symbolizes that our institution is like our “Alma Mater”, our own birth place and as a part of our own families. We should love our institution as much as we should love our own parents. Moreover, “A.M.” is also abbreviated from “AVE MARIA” (in Latin), the name of Jesus’ Mother. This means that we should love our own Mother with our heart and soul. And the beautiful snow - white lilies are symbols to remind us that we should be clean and sincere with all our thoughts, words and minds, wherever we are. The Star and The Man In a Boat “The Star and the Boat” symbolizes “Spiritual Hope” meaning that religion is “the light of Dharma or Absolute Truth” and all the knowledge or sciences we have learned from the institution is “the Light of the Intelligence”. Altogether they keep conduct and intelligence on track so we are not lost or capsized in the middle of the sea of life. “The man in the boat” reflects us, ourselves, rowing or guiding our own “boat of life”. “The Shield” That Frames The “Four Symbols” The “Shield” that frames the “Four Symbols” is the “COAT OF ARMS” which stands for “HONOUR,” or “PRIDE and DIGNITY”. It also represents the HONOUR, DIGNITY, PRIDE AND PRAISE that our institution has received from the King who reigns over the Kingdom.
FOREIGN LANGUAGE
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 7 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND VOCABULARY ENGLISH UNIT 1 : IN STYLE No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 scarf (n.) ผ้าพันคอ She tucked her woolly scarf around her neck. 2 swap (v.) แลกเปลี่ยน If you swap something with someone, you give it to them and receive a different thing in exchange. 3 tight (adj.) แน่น, คับ She twisted her handkerchief into a tight knot. 4 cozy (adj.) สบาย A cozy cabin tucked away in the trees. 6 geography (n.) ภูมิศาสตร์ Geography is the study of the diverse environments, places, and spaces of Earth's surface and their interactions. 7 blog (n.) บล็อก (หน้า บทความออนไลน์) A blog is a website where someone regularly records their thoughts or experiences. 8 confuse (v.) ทำ�ำให้สับสน The points made by the authors confuse rather than clarify the issue.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 8 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 9 mistake (n.) ความผิด When you make a mistake, you've done something incorrectly. 10 comparison (n.) การเปรียบเทียบ They drew a comparison between Gandhi's teaching and that of other teachers. 11 similar (adj.) เหมือน A soft cheese similar to Brie. 12 stuck (adj.) ติด If your foot gets stuck in the mud, it means you can't get your foot out of it. 13 collar (n.) ปก, ปกเสื้อ In clothing, a collar is the part of a shirt, dress, coat or blouse that fastens around or frames the neck. 14 sleeve (n.) แขนเสื้อ A shirt with the sleeves rolled up. 15 label (n.) ติดฉลาก Put such an identifier on the jar, and you label it 16 chain (n.) โซ่ He slid the bolts on the front door and put the safety chain across. 17 servant (n.) คนรับใช้ His mother used to work as a servant in many houses and had led their family. 18 powerful (adj.) แข็งแรง, มีพลัง The president is so powerful that he is able to dictate to the government.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 9 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 19 immediately (adv.) ทันทีทันใด If something happens immediately, it happens without any delay. 20 annoy (v.) ทำ�ำให้รำ�ำคาญ It really annoys me when people push in front of me like that. 21 wardrobe (n.) ตู้เสื้อผ้า She went to wardrobe for her fitting. 22 cloak (n.) เสื้อคลุม The cloak hangs loosely from her shoulders, keeping her warm even when the fire died down. 23 throne (n.) บัลลังก์ Queen Elizabeth II ascended the throne in 1952. 24 strange (adj.) แปลก, ประหลาด Suddenly his countenance shone with a strange and impressive beauty. 25 woolen (adj.) ทำ�ำจากขนสัตว์ Wearing woolen socks and with a cap still on his head, Oscar climbs out of bed. 25 rainforest (n.) ป่าฝน, ป่าดงดิบ We were deep in a tropical rainforest. UNIT 2 : FUTURE TECHNOLOGY No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 useful (adj.) มีประโยชน์ Maybe she's decided to make herself useful again. 2 repair (n.) การซ่อมแซม The second repair pathway is a lot more interesting.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 10 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 3 able (adj.) สามารถ Jurgen may be right, but we might not be able to prove it. 4 install (v.) ติดตั้ง Until those new systems are installed, all the cash will be stored upstairs. 6 condition (n.) สภาพ How do you expect to stay there alone in your condition? 7 competition (n.) การแข่งขัน He won a national math competition in China! 8 organize (v.) จัดตั้ง, จัดระเบียบ Gmail has new ways to organize your inbox, view upcoming events and take action on emails. 9 announce (v.) ประกาศ, แจ้ง I'm pleased to announce the formation of a new division. 10 invent (v.) ประดิษฐ์, สร้าง Spent decades trying to invent the perfect nutritional ration. 11 jealous (adj.) อิจฉา, ริษยา Maybe your guts have become somewhat jealous because she can do what you can do. 12 wireframe (n.) โครงร่าง A visual guide could be a wireframe, creative composition, or information architecture. 13 symbol (n.) สัญลักษณ์, เครื่องหมาย You turn the different sides to the different symbols to get the translation on the other side. 13 huge (adj.) ใหญ่โต A huge wave capsized the yacht.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 11 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND UNIT 3 : JIM - NASTICS No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 describe (v.) บรรยาย Chapters 1 - 2 describe a time of great political trouble. 2 athletic (adj.) ด้านกีฬา In high school I won three successive titles in the yearly national athletic contests. 3 countryside (n.) ชนบท I want to go for a walk in the countryside. 4 unusual (adj.) แปลก, ผิดปกติ Have you noticed anything unusual about his behavior? 6 arrange (v.) จัดเตรียม, จัดระเบียบ This organizational arrangement calls for each of us to be obedient and submissive. 7 charity (n.) การกุศล I was at a breakfast for an environmental charity we sponsor. 8 versus (v.) สู้ Good versus evil, love versus hate. 9 event (n.) เหตุการณ์ This book is attractively illustrated and covers Biblical events in chronological order. 10 commentary (n.) ข้อคิดเห็น, คำ�ำอธิบาย A commentary on their attitude observes: “A man who overloads a horse is nowadays chargeable before the law. 11 chariot (n.) รถม้า If we don't find a way to deal with the chariots, we will be vanquished anyway.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 12 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 12 receive (v.) รับ, ได้รับ A special treat that we always enjoy is receiving news from our son serving in Africa. 13 instructor (n.) ผู้ฝึกสอน He wanted all his followers, “every public instructor,” to feel that way. 14 stadium (n.) สนามกีฬา I want to know everything we're doing to identify this person in the stadium. 15 crowded (adj.) แน่น, คับคั่ง On a crowded elevator, do you stand at the back or the front? 16 statue (n.) รูปปั้น, ประติมากรรม In 1874, Bellver completed a statue portraying this dramatic fall. 17 spectacular (adj.) น่าประทับใจ What a spectacular sight when it erupts at night! 18 relationship (n.) ความสัมพันธ์ Do you understand the relationship of those places? 19 injure (v.) ทำ�ำให้บาดเจ็บ He was seriously injured in a car crash during the pursuit. 20 handstand (n.) การทำ�ำหกสูง One youth, for example, died from injuries suffered in attempting a handstand on the hood of a speeding pickup truck. 21 forearm (n.) แขนท่อนล่าง I need you to step on my forearm.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 13 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 22 triceps (n.) กล้ามเนื้อ ไตรเซ็ปส์ Instead, your triceps, the muscle that is the partner of your biceps, contracts, enabling you to straighten out your arm quickly. 23 stretch (v.) ยืด กาง There is no one left to stretch out my tent or raise up my tent cloths. 24 afterward (adv.) ตอนหลัง, หลังจากนั้น If you didn’t admit your mistake, how did you feel afterward? 24 straight (adj.) ตรง Straight trees have crooked roots. UNIT 4 : BE CAREFUL! No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 emergency (adj.) ฉุกเฉิน I'm here to be removed as his emergency contact. 2 appointment (n.) การนัดหมาย I called the guy, made two appointments, he never showed. 3 painful (adj.) เจ็บปวด Sometimes choosing life is just choosing a more painful form of death. 4 ankle (n.) ข้อเท้า I feel like I'm playing with somebody wearing ankle weights and flippers. 6 patient (n.) ผู้ป่วย Think they were just happy to have one less patient to care for.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 14 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 7 awful (adj.) แย่ It's just this awful reminder that all of my friends look at my differently now. 8 towards (prep.) มุ่งไปทาง I want you to turn and head directly towards the planet. 9 chemistry (n.) เคมี, วิชาเคมี We learned about this stuff in chemistry class. 10 throat (n.) ลำ�ำคอ They utter no sound with their throat. 11 lake (n.) ทะเลสาบ You said when it was all over, you would build me a house on a lake. 12 prescription (n.) ใบสั่งยา He didn't turn violent until you gave him his prescription. 13 pill (n.) ยา My mom still needs pills to get to sleep. 14 operation (n.) การผ่าตัด When we performed your operation we found something very unique. 15 flu (n.) ไข้หวัดใหญ่ Such habits are good all the time but especially so during the flu season. 16 fever (n.) ไข้ The alcohol treatment took away the heart and fever problems. 17 robbery (n.) การปล้น Watch and wallet were missing, so everybody's thinking robbery.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 15 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 18 pile (n.) กอง, กลุ่ม, ทับถม So you're offering us a chance to short this pile of blocks? 19 criminal (adj.) ทางอาชญากรรม So look into criminal records of men with extensive computer training. 20 terrify (v.) ทำ�ำให้ตื่นกลัว They'll be terrified till they realize he's a marshmallow. 21 nervous (adj.) ตื่นตระหนก, ประหม่า You got nothing to be nervous about. 22 furious (adj.) โกรธจัด Even though he apologized, I'm still furious. 23 whisper (v.) กระซิบ They whispered in my ear how they wanted to marry me and take me back to their castles. 23 difference (n.) ความแตกต่าง One false step will make a great difference. UNIT 5 : FUN FOODS No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 cabbage (n.) กระหล่�่ำำปลี I would like mushrooms and lotus leaves over rice, cabbage salad, and omija tea. 2 prefer (v.) ชอบ I prefer a story that has the good sense to stay on the page where it belongs. 3 roast (v.) อบ Don't want to be doing roast pork, not if you're slicing up cadavers.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 16 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 4 caterpillar (n.) ดักแด้ While still in the caterpillar stage, some species of butterflies are also tended by ants. 6 melting (n.) การละลาย And so, as the surrounding water gets warmer, it speeds up the melting of the ice. 7 recipe (n.) สูตร, ตำ�ำรับอาหาร I wrote the recipe for cooking that delicious Indian dish. 8 position (n.) ตำ�ำแหน่ง Security, move emergency response team into position one! 9 empathy (n.) ความเห็นอก เห็นใจ Even empathy from one person can make a difference 10 grain (n.) ธัญพืช Chickens and other fowl are often fed with grain. 11 nutrient (n.) สารอาหาร Since the nutrients can't be transported via the blood vessels, he may even starve to death. 12 decorative (adj.) มีการตกแต่ง The top bunk blocks the view of the stars, and there's nothing decorative down here. 13 slice (n.) ชิ้น If Scylla was like a pizza, all we got is a slice. 13 foggy (adj.) มีหมอกหนา It was foggy, and all the cars had their headlights on.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 17 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND UNIT 6 : ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 interview (v.) การสัมภาษณ์ I heard you really pitched a stock in your job interview. 2 curtain (n.) ม่าน, ผ้าม่าน The shower curtain helped preserve the bodies and the clothes. 3 bulb (n.) หลอดไฟ An incandescent light bulb loses over 90 percent of its energy as heat. 4 traditional (adj.) ที่ทำ�ำต่อกันมา, ตามประเพณีนิยม You play safe in the boundary of traditional; it's against the modern concept. 6 cave (n.) ถ้�้ำำ, อุโมงค์ In this same area, Tello made his next discovery underground funereal caves shaped like upside-down goblets. 7 electrical (adj.) ที่ใช้ไฟฟ้า Then I use a small electrical charge to ignite and disperse it. 8 instead (adv.) แทน, แทนที่ Although, unlike other couples, you've opted for murder instead of divorce. 9 liberty (n.) เสรีภาพ After you read a scripture passage, color the matching numbered areas on the title of liberty! 10 petrol (n.) น้�้ำำมัน I got it at the petrol garage.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 18 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 11 rainforest (n.) ป่าดิบชื้น However, when rainforests are cleared, the amount of moisture reaching the soil decreases significantly. 12 positive (adj.) ที่เป็นบวก, ทางบวก It'll have an emotional effect on her killer, but positive or negative, neither one will help. 13 negative (adj.) ที่เป็นทางลบ, ทางลบ It'll have an emotional effect on her killer, but positive or negative, neither one will help. 14 exotic (adj.) แปลก, ต่างจากที่คุ้นเคย She pretends she doesn't speak the common tongue so that people will think she's exotic. 15 empire (n.) จักรวรรดิ The preceding empires were Egypt, Assyria, Babylon, and Medo-Persia. 16 tropical (adj.) ร้อนชื้น It's the most tropical country in the world. 17 disappear (v.) หาย, สูญหาย So, how did they make the fake money disappear from the vault? 18 ignore (v.) มองข้าม, ละเลย All this time and we've been ignoring our most obvious advantage. 19 urban (adj.) ในเมือง Shopping malls are quickly mushrooming in this very urban city
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 19 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 20 instrument (n.) เครื่องดนตรี, เครื่องมือ And in bluegrass, each instrument takes its turn playing the melody and improvising off it. 20 robotics (n.) การออกแบบ หุ่นยนต์ We are into the era of robotics. UNIT 7 : FEELING IT No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 satisfied (adj.) พึงพอใจ People are often satisfied to find that they are as successful as their peers. 2 miserable (adj.) เศร้า, เป็นทุกข์ Riley dumped her best friend, had a miserable day at school and quit hockey. 3 embarrassed (adj.) อับอาย Would you care to comment on your embarrassing save by a certain girl wonder? 4 ought to (v.) ควรจะ But where widows are in need, family members ought to help. 5 recover (v.) นำ�ำคืนมา Those files are private property and I'm here to recover them. 6 ache (n.) ความเจ็บปวด You may feel some muscle aches and tenderness the first few days. 7 ranch (n.) ไร่, ฟาร์ม, ปศุสัตว์ The territory was varied cattle ranches, sheep ranches, Indian reservations, as well as many small towns and villages.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 20 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 8 definitely (adv.) อย่างแน่นอน, อย่างชัดเจน On the off chance that there actually is a heaven, this is definitely going to get me barred. 9 complain (v.) บ่น, ร้องเรียน I complain and then you complain and no one offers any solutions. 10 aware (adj.) ตระหนัก I'm far from more aware than you need to get inside there. 11 argument (n.) การโต้แย้ง, การโต้เถียง Says here you were dismissed after an argument over compensation. 12 caution (n.) ความระมัดระวัง, คำ�ำเตือน I don't want to be the guy putting up the caution tape. 13 temperature (n.) อุณหภูมิ If you squeeze things together, the temperature goes up. UNIT 8 : PRETTY CITIES No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 attraction (n.) ความดึงดูด, ความมีเสน่ห์ Japanese macaques, their cousins, have also become a famous tourist attraction at the hot springs in Japan. 2 cruise (n.) การล่องเรือ With his band, Hunter’s Croonaders, provides music during a two-month cruise to Asia.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 21 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 3 monument (n.) อนุสาวรีย์, อนุสรณ์สถาน Bari’s most important monuments are closely tied to historical events. 4 sculpture (n.) รูปปั้น, ประติมากรรม Many of his sculptures were exhibited in major cities of Europe. 6 sightseeing (n.) การท่องเที่ยว, การเยี่ยมชม The trains travel mainly at night, and passengers spend their days sightseeing. 7 roundabout (n.) วงเวียน They are like roundabouts or traffic jams or gridlock in conversation. 8 signpost (n.) ป้ายบอกทาง Most people would agree that it is unwise to ignore signposts. 9 pavement (n.) ฟุตบาท, บาทวิถี They've taken up the pavement outside the post office there. 9 rusty (adj.) เป็นสนิม Would you scrape that rusty pan? UNIT 9 : LIGHTS, CAMERA, ACTION No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 familiar (adj.) คุ้นเคย And this is kind of the traditional form that you're familiar with. 2 recommend (v.) แนะนำ�ำ, สนับสนุน I'm going to recommend we militarize this project. 3 documentary (n.) สารคดี I felt that so many of the documentaries I've seen have the same theme.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 22 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 4 costume (n.) เสื้อผ้า I don't know, would you mind coming on board as my costume designer? 5 clown (n.) ตัวตลก Coco the clown will make you any balloon animal you want. 6 dye (v.) ย้อม Her hair is dyed with color violet and gray. 7 advertisement (n.) การโฆษณา They say that she's the new investment for many advertisements. 8 scene (n.) ฉาก Isn't it really dangerous for the criminal to be staying on the crime scene? 9 doubt (v.) สงสัย, ข้องใจ I seriously doubt the authorities would fall for yet another suicide in the family. 10 artificial (adj.) ปลอม, สังเคราะห์ He learned to fill a root canal and to attach an artificial tooth to the root.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 23 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND NO ONE HAS YET REALIZED THE WEALTH OF SYMPATHY, THE KINDNESS AND GENEROSITY HIDDEN IN THE SOUL OF A CHILD. THE EFFORT OF EVERY TRUE EDUCATION SHOULD BE TO UNLOCK THAT TREASURE.
MATHEMATICS
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 25 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND VOCABULARY MATHEMATICS UNIT 1 : WHOLE NUMBERS No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 digit (n.) หลัก (เลข) Write the value of digit. 2 compare (v.) เปรียบเทียบ Compare and arrange the following numbers in increasing order. 3 cheque (n.) เช็ค These are the traveller's cheques you requested. 4 estimate (v.) ประมาณ He estimated the loss at five million yen. 5 approximately (adv.) โดยประมาณ From our location, it is approximately 100 meters to the entrance. UNIT 2 : FOUR OPERATIONS OF WHOLE NUMBERS No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 operational (adj.) พร้อมปฏิบัติการ I am completely operational and all my circuits are functioning perfectly. 2 remaining (adj.) เหลืออยู่ All our remaining supplies have rotted. Every last grain.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 26 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 3 method (n.) วิธี What I need is to get you to follow my method, Drama. UNIT 3 : FRACTION No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 fraction (n.) เศษส่วน Now, if you were interested in science, you would know facts like the human nose and ears grow a fraction of an inch each year. 2 proper fraction (n.) เศษส่วนที่มีเศษ น้อยกว่าส่วน Multiplying a proper fraction and a whole number. 3 improper fraction (n.) เศษเกิน Change the improper fraction to mixed number. 4 numerator (n.) ตัวเศษ In a vulgar fraction the numerator is written above a line; thus, in the fraction 5/9 (five ninths) 5 is the numerator; 5 denominator (n.) ตัวส่วน in 3/5, 5 is the denominator, showing that the integer is divided into five parts; UNIT 4 : AREA OF TRIANGLES No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 area (n.) พื้นที่ Someone saw him in this area. 2 base (n.) ฐาน Toydaria would be honored to host a Republic base.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 27 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 3 shade (n.) ที่ร่ม Please, just sit down here, and we can enjoy a cup of bush tea in the shade. UNIT 5 : VOLUME No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 volume (n.) ปริมาตร What causes low lung volume. 2 capacity (n.) ความสามารถ ที่จะรับ, ความจุ Everyday for two hours, you have to increase your lung capacity by exercising day and night. 3 length (n.) ความยาว A centimeter is a unit of length. 4 width (n.) ความกว้าง Scissors match the width and depth of the wound. 5 height (n.) ความสูง He is six feet in height. 6 cuboid (n.) รูปทรงสี่เหลี่ยม Cuboid is a rectangular prism. 7 cube (n.) ลูกบาศก์ I like to put an ice cube into my coffee, because it's usually too hot. 8 rectangular (n.) ทรงสี่เหลี่ยม มุมฉาก A rectangular has more angles of 90 degrees. 9 square centimeter (n.) ตารางเซนติเมตร Unit of area is square centimeter. 10 cubic centimeter (n.) ลูกบาศก์ เซนติเมตร 3000 cubic centimeters are equal 3000 milliliters. 11 maximum (n.) จำ�ำนวนมากที่สุด I got 80 marks out of a maximum of 100.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 28 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND UNIT 6 : RATIO No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 ratio (n.) อัตราส่วน A ratio shows the relative sizes of two or three quantities. 2 direct proportion (n.) การแปรผันตรง The two quantities are in direct proportion. 3 increase (n.) เพิ่ม Accidents have increased in number. UNIT 7 : DECIMALS No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 decimal (n.) ทศนิยม Decimal is a number expressed in the scale of tens. 2 separate (v.) แยก Ireland and England are separated by the sea. 3 tenth (n.) หนึ่งในสิบส่วน ที่เท่าๆ กัน The tenth is one part in ten equal parts. 4 hundredth (n.) หนึ่งในร้อยส่วน ที่เท่าๆ กัน One of a hundred equal parts into which one whole is hundredth. 5 half (n.) ครึ่ง An accident delayed us for half an hour. 6 possible (adj.) เป็นไปได้ A trip to Mars may become possible in my life. 7 without (prep) โดยปราศจาก A home without love is no more a home than a body without a soul is a man. 8 convert (v.) เปลี่ยน I converted my yen into dollars.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 29 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND UNIT 8 : RATE No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 rate (n.) อัตรา They walked at the rate of three miles an hour. 2 minute (n.) นาที A few minutes after he finished his work, he went to bed. 3 petrol (n.) น้�้ำำมันเบนซิน Can you spare me a few liters of petrol? 4 courtyard (n.) สนามรอบบ้าน Could you look in on the courtyard? 5 revolution (n.) การหมุนหนึ่งรอบ The revolution of the earth around the sun was proposed by Copernicus. UNIT 9 : PERCENTAGE No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 percentage (n.) เปอร์เซ็นต์ Percentages are fractions with denominators that equal to 100. 2 price (n.) ราคา The price of oil has risen sharply. 3 normal (adj.) ปกติ They were selling the goods at half the normal cost. 4 selling price (n.) ราคาขาย The selling price of the computer is $70. 5 receive (v.) รับ He will receive a prize of 1,000 gold pieces.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 30 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND UNIT 10 : AVERAGE No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 average (adj.) โดยเฉลี่ย A person with average intelligence would understand that. 2 income (n.) รายได้ She has a fixed income and at the moment some medical problems. UNIT 11 : ANGLE No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 straight line (n.) เส้นตรง Angles on a straight line add up to 180o 2 vertical angle (n.) มุมตรงข้าม A pair of angles opposite each other, formed by two intersecting straight lines that form an “X” like shape, are called vertical angles or opposite angles or vertically opposite angles. 3 adjacent (adj.) ติดกัน I'd like you to get two adjacent rooms 4 perpendicular (n.) เส้นตั้งฉาก Perpendicular is a straight line at right angles to another line 5 supplementary angle (n.) มุมประกอบสอง มุมฉาก Two angles that sum to a straight angle are called supplementary angles.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 31 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND UNIT 12 : PROPERTIES OF TRIANGLES No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 equilateral triangle (n.) รูปสามเหลี่ยม ด้านเท่า An equilateral triangle has all sides the same length. 2. isosceles triangle (n.) รูปสามเหลี่ยม หน้าจั่ว An isosceles triangle has two sides of equal length. 3 scalene triangle (n.) รูปสามเหลี่ยมด้าน ไม่เท่า A scalene triangle has all its sides of different lengths. 4 right-angled triangle (n.) รูปสามเหลี่ยมที่ มุมฉาก Right-angled triangle has one of its interior angles measuring 90o . 5 acute-angled triangle (n.) รูปสามเหลี่ยม มุมแหลม A triangle with all interior angles measuring less than 90o is an acute-angled triangle. 6 obtuse-angled triangle (n.) รูปสามเหลี่ยมมุม ป้าน A triangle with one interior angle measuring more than 90o is an obtuse-angled triangle. 7 interior (adj.) ภายใน A triangle with an interior angle of 180o 8 exterior (adj.) ภายนอก The exterior angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of interior opposite angles. UNIT 13 : PARALLEOGRAM, RHOMBUS AND TRAPEZIUM No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 square (n.) สี่เหลี่ยมจัตุรัส A square has equal sides and every angle is a right angle (90o ).
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 32 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 2 rectangle (n.) สี่เหลี่ยมผืนผ้า A rectangle is a four-sided shape where every angle is a right angle. Also opposite sides are parallel and of equal length. 3 kite (n.) สี่เหลี่ยมรูปว่าว Kite has two pairs of sides. Each pair is made of two equal-length sides that join up. 4 parallelogram (n.) รูปสีเหลี่ยมด้าน ขนาน A parallelogram is a flat shape with opposite sides parallel and equal in length. 5 rhombus (n.) รูปสี่เหลี่ยมขนม เปียกปูน, A rhombus is a flat shape with 4 equal straight sides. 6 trapezium (n.) รูปสี่เหลี่ยมคางหมูA trapezium has a pair of opposite sides parallel.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 33 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND IF EDUCATION IS ALWAYS TO BE CONCEIVED ALONG THE SAME ANTIQUATED LINES OF A MERE TRANSMISSION OF KNOWLEDGE, THERE IS LITTLE TO BE HOPED FROM IT IN THE BETTERING OF MAN'S FUTURE. FOR WHAT IS THE USE OF TRANSMITTING KNOWLEDGE IF THE INDIVIDUAL'S TOTAL DEVELOPMENT LAGS BEHIND?
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 35 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND VOCABULARY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIT 1 : REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 reproduction (n.) การสืบพันธุ์ Reproduction is the process by which organisms, such as plants and animals, produce offspring. 2 cotyledon (n.) ใบเลี้ยง A cotyledon is a significant part of the embryo within the seed of a plant. 3 disperse (v.) กระจาย To prevent overcrowding, plants disperse their seeds with the help of animals. wind, or water. 4 seedling (n.) ต้นอ่อน Before the seedling is able to make its own food, it gets its food from the seed leaves. 5 fertilization (n.) การปฏิสนธิ The pollen grain enters the ovule and fuses with the egg to form a fertilized egg. This process is called fertilization. 6 germination (n.) การงอก Germination is the process by which an organism grows from a seed or similar structure.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 36 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 7 pollination (n.) การถ่ายละออง เรณู The transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma is called pollination. 8 sucker (n.) หน่อ Sucker is a new shoot that grows from bud at the base of the parent plant’s stems. UNIT 2 : REPRODUCTION IN ANIMALS No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 extinct (adj.) สูญพันธุ์ Dinosaurs are now extinct. 2 exist (v.) ดำ�ำรงอยู่ The reason living things reproduce is to ensure that their kind (species) will continue to exist. 3 offspring (n.) ลูกหลาน Many characteristics of an organism are passed on from parents to offspring. 4 trait (n.) ลักษณะ There are some traits that are passed on from parents to their offspring in a human being. 5 heredity (n.) พันธุกรรม The passing on of characteristics from parents to offspring is called heredity. 6 species (n.) สายพันธุ์ Living things reproduce to ensure the continuity of their own kind (species).
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 37 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 7 characteristic (n.) บุคลิกลักษณะ Organisms pass on characteristics to their offspring through their genes. UNIT 3 : CELL AND CELL DIVISION No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 microscope (n.) กล้องจุลทรรศน์ A microscope is an instrument which help man view very small objects. 2 cell (n.) เซลล์ A cell is the smallest unit of life. 3 organism (n.) สิ่งมีชีวิต All organisms are made up of at least one cell. 4 cell wall (n.) ผนังเซลล์ The plant cell has cell wall and chloroplast. 5 cell membrane (n.) เยื่อหุ้มเซลล์ The cell membrane controls the movement of materials in and out of a cell. 6 nucleus (n.) นิวเคลียส The nucleus of a cell controls all the activities of the cell. 7 cytoplasm (n.) ไซโทพลาซึม The cytoplasm is made up of a jelly like substance that contains many cell parts. 8 chloroplast (n.) คลอโรพลาสต์ Chloroplast contains chlorophyll, the pigment that captures sunlight to make food.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 38 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 9 cell division (n.) การแบ่งเซลล์ The splitting of a cell to produce two new cells is called cell division. 10 budding (n.) การแตกหน่อ Hydra reproduces by budding. UNIT 4 : FOOD CHAIN AND FOOD WEB No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 food chain (n.) ห่วงโซ่อาหาร A food chain is a sequence of who eats whom in a community to obtain nutrition. 2 food web (n.) สายใยอาหาร A network of interconnected food chains is called a food web. 3 autotroph (n.) ผู้ผลิต Green plants are known as autotrophs or producers. 4 producer (n.) ผู้ผลิต Green plants are called producers because they can make their own food out of water and carbon dioxide in the presence of sunlight. 5 heterotroph (n.) ผู้บริโภค Animals are also known as heterotrophs or consumers. 6 consumer (n.) ผู้บริโภค Consumers directly or indirectly consume the food made by plants. 7 omnivore (n.) ผู้บริโภคทั้งพืช และสัตว์ An omnivore is an animal that has the ability to eat and survive on both plant and animal.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 39 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 8 herbivore (n.) ผู้บริโภคพืช Herbivores get their energy directly from plants. 9 carnivore (n.) ผู้บริโภคสัตว์ Carnivores feed on other animals only. 10 predator (n.) นักล่า Each food chain ends with a top predator like the alligator, hawk, polar bear etc. 11 detritivore (n.) ผู้บริโภคซาก When any organism dies, it is eventually eaten by detritivores like vulture. 12 decomposer (n.) ผู้ย่อยสลาย Decomposers are organisms that feed on dead plants and animals. 13 scavenger (n.) ผู้บริโภคซาก Scavengers are animals that consume dead organisms that have died from causes other than predation. 14 decay (n.) การย่อยสลาย The process of breaking down dead material or waste matter into simple substances is called decay.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 40 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND UNIT 5 : ELECTRICITY No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 electricity (n.) ไฟฟ้า Dry cells produce much less electricity than a power generator. 2 generator (n.) เครื่องกำเนิด ไฟฟ้า Electricity is produced by power generators in power station. 3 electrical appliance (n.) เครื่องใช้ไฟฟ้า Most home electrical appliances can work only if they are plugged into the power points and switched on. 4 circuit (n.) วงจรไฟฟ้า An electric circuit consists of power source and other components. 5 current (n.) กระแส Electric current flows in a closed circuit, but not in an open circuit. 6 symbol (n.) สัญลักษณ์ Symbols are used to represent some of components in an electric circuit. 7 arrangement (n.) การจัดเรียง The arrangement of the components in a circuit affect the brightness of the bulb in a circuit. 8 conductor (n.) ตัวนำ Materials that allow electricity to flow through them are called electrical conductors. 9 insulator (n.) ฉนวน Plastic, glass and rubber are examples of insulator of electricity.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 41 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 10 conserve (v.) ประหยัด We should conserve electricity electrical energy because the burning of fuels causes air pollution. 11 precaution (n.) ข้อควรระวัง We should take safety precautions when using electricity. 12 fossil fuel (n.) พลังงานเชื้อเพลิง จากซากฟอสซิล Fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gases are burnt to produce electricity. UNIT 6 : FORCE AND SIMPLE MACHINE No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 effect (n.) ผลที่เกิดขึ้น We cannot see a force but we can observe its effects. 2 simple machine (n.) เครื่องกลอย่างง่าย A simple machine is any simple device or tool that helps us to do work more easily. 3 effort (n.) ความพยายาม The force that is applied is called the effort. 4 load (n.) น้ำหนักบรรทุก The force that is overcome is called the load. 5 fulcrum (n.) จุดหมุน A fulcrum is a pivot point around which a lever turn. 6 lever (n.) คาน Levers are grouped into three types depending on the position of the effort, load and fulcrum.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 42 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 7 pulley (n.) รอก A pulley is a simple machine consisting of a grooved wheel with a rope going over the wheel. 8 inclined plane (n.) พื้นลาดเอียง Ramps, slides and ladders are examples of inclined plane. 9 wheel and axle (n.) ล้อและเพลา The wheel and axle is a simple machine made up of two cylinders joined at the center. 10 gear (n.) ฟันเฟือง The gears in the egg beater can change the direction and speed of rotation to mix the food. UNIT 11 : THE SOLAR SYSTEM No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 satellite (n.) ดาวเทียม The moon is a natural satellite of the earth. 2 orbit (n.) วงโคจร The planets revolve around the sun in fixed paths called orbits. 3 atmosphere (n.) ชั้นบรรยากาศ The atmosphere is a layer of gasses surrounding the earth. 4 revolution (n.) การโคจร The movement of the earth around the sun is call a revolution. 5 rotation (n.) การหมุน It takes one day (24 hours) for the earth to make one complete rotation about its axis.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 43 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 6 axis (n.) แกนโลก The earth rotates about its axis all the time. 7 reflect (v.) สะท้อน The moon reflects the sun’s light. MEMO
SOCIAL STUDIES
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 45 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND VOCABULARY SOCIAL STUDIES GEOGRAPHY UNIT 1 : PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE CENTRAL REGION No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 administrative (adj.) ปกครอง Thailand is divided into 77 administrative areas. 2 occupy (v.) ครอบครอง, กิน (เนื้อที่) The Central Region occupies roughly one fifth of the total land area of the country. 3 delta (n.) ดินดอนสาม เหลี่ยมปากแม่น้�้ำำ The Central Region lies on the Chao Phraya river delta. 4 terrain (n.) ภูมิประเทศ, พื้นที่ The fertile soil and flat terrain of the delta makes it ideal for traditional rice cultivation. 5 cluster (v.) รวมกันเป็นกลุ่ม The most fertile land in the region are clustered around the middle delta area and the northern part of the region. 6 density (n.) ความหนาแน่น The population density in the Central Region is higher than in any other region of Thailand. 7 rural (adj.) ชนบท In the rural areas, villages run parallel to the rivers.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 46 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 8 urban (adj.) ในเมือง In the urban areas, settlements run parallel to the roads. 9 topography (n.) การศึกษาลักษณะ ภูมิประเทศ Topography is the study of the height and shape of the land. 10 climate (n.) ภูมิอากาศ The study of temperature, rainfall, air pressure, wind and storms is called climate. 11 hydrology (n.) อุทกวิทยา Hydrology is the study of water. 12 pedology (n.) ปฐพีวิทยา The study of soil is called pedology. 13 geology (n.) ธรณีวิทยา Geology is the study of rocks and minerals found under the soil layers. 14 bio-geography (n.) ชีวภูมิศาสตร์ The study of the links between living things and the physical environment is called bio-geography. 15 paddy field (n.) นาข้าว The Central Region is mostly low, flat land with large areas that are covered with wet rice paddy fields. 16 river basin (n.) ลุ่มแม่น้�้ำำ A river basin is a gently slopping area with a river that is flowing downhill towards sea level. 17 empty into (v.) ไหลลงสู่ The rivers in the Central Region began in higher land and will empty into the Gulf of Thailand.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 47 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 18 flood plain (n.) ที่ราบน้�้ำำท่วมถึง A flood plain is a flat area on both sides of a river. 19 sediment (n.) ตะกอน The sediments are little bits of sand and minerals that float in the water. 20 overflow (v.) ไหลล้น, ไหลบ่า, ท่วม The rivers often overflow their banks and flood the near by land on both sides of the bank. 21 recede (v.) ถดถอย When the flood water recedes the sediments sink to the ground leaving nutrients in the soil. 22 limestone (n.) หินปูน Most mountains in the Central Region are made of limestone. 23 monsoon (n.) ลมมรสุม The Central Region has a sub-tropical monsoon climate. 24 manufacture (v.) ผลิต, ทำ�ำ, สร้าง Industry needs large amount of water to manufacture things. 25 plenty (n.) อุดมสมบูรณ์, จำ�ำนวนมาก In the Central Region, there is plenty of natural water for our needs. 26 reservoir (n.) อ่างเก็บน้�้ำำ The reservoirs and dams at Chao Phraya Dam in Chainat hold a lot of water for electricity, agriculture and people’s needs. 27 mining (n.) การทำ�ำเหมือง Mining is the word used to describe what people do to remove valuable minerals or other resources from the earth.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY PRIMARY 5 48 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 28 conserve (v.) รักษา, อนุรักษ์, สงวน The trees in a forest conserve water in the soil. 29 flood (n.) น้�้ำำท่วม, อุทกภัย Rain can cause flash floods. 30 drought (n.) ความแห้งแล้ง Usually flash flood is followed by drought. 31 approximately (adv.) ประมาณ, คร่าวๆ The Central Region has approximately 23.5% of the total forests of Thailand. 32 orchard (n.) สวนผลไม้ An orchard is not a natural environment because the trees are being planted for fruits and nuts. UNIT 2 : THE NATURAL RESOURCES OF THE CENTRAL REGION No. Vocabulary & Parts of speech Thai Definition Sentence 1 dominate (v.) ครอบงำ�ำ, มีอำ�ำนาจเหนือ The basin is dominated by the flood-plain of the Chao Phraya River. 2 annual (adj.) ประจำ�ำปี, ทุกปี The annual flood in the rainy season puts nutrients back into the soil. 3 edge (n.) ขอบ, ริม, สัน Many areas at the edge of the mountains have soils which come from dissolved limestone. 4 dissolve (v.) ละลาย, สลาย Many areas at the edge of the mountains have soils which come from dissolved limestone.