Civil War Lesson #7: Effects of the Civil War

CW7.2K– Questions for Images and Descriptions of the

Category Number Provide a brief description of the image. What d
and show?
title of
image

Freed 2A
Slaves
This drawing depicts the newly freed slaves who cam
Freedman’s Bureau for assistance. They all appear w
and respectable, despite their need for aid. The per
dispensing aid is in a window seat, making minimal
with the people in need.

2B
In this illustration the whites and blacks face off ag
another in the wake of the war. Both sides carry we
appear ready to do battle. The American flag hangs
to indicate that the South is now part of the Union.
Freedman’s Bureau representative manages to hold
from one another, without weapons. This governm
turns his face toward the whites, as if they are the m
aggressive of the two sides.

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Civil War Lesson #7: E
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Civil War Key (p. 2 of 7)

does it What does this image suggest about the perspective or
point of view of the photographer or artist? Can you
detect any bias (supporting one side or the other)? If
so, explain.

me to the The illustrator puts a positive light on the condition of the
well-dressed freedmen and women – they almost look as if they do not
rson need any help. The Freedman’s Bureau is made to look
contact orderly and helpful. The illustrator is in favor of freedom
for the slaves.

gainst one The artist supports the Union view. The bias seems in
eapons and favor of government efforts to improve the South, and
s in the back against Southern society, especially the whites.

The
d them back
ment agent
most

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CW7.2K– Questions for Images and Descriptions of the

Category Number Provide a brief description of the image. W
and title of
image

Freed 2C This photograph captures a Freedman’s Burea
Slaves South Carolina. The structure is in pretty good
(cont.) one broken window pane. The photo does no
class, but rather milling together outside. Som
2D do not look particularly happy, but not misera

This photo shows a large black family traveling
the freedom behind Union lines. They have a
supplies. They do not seem in a hurry, or scar
a soldier sits behind, perhaps giving them a se

2E In this picture a group of former slaves sit tog
Virginia. They now are in Union territory, and
bondage. It is a large group of people who do
but fairly relaxed.

2F This illustration shows slaves running for their
where they have worked. They are fleeing to a
apparently reachable by boat. They carry very

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Civil War Key (p. 3 of 7)

What does it show? What does this image suggest about the
perspective or point of view of the
photographer or artist? Can you detect any
bias (supporting one side or the other)? If
so, explain.

au school established in The photographer does not have an obvious
d shape, though there is bias, but was probably on the Union side. The
ot show the students in picture may have been posed, but not rigidly.
me carry buckets. They
able either.

g away from slavery into This photograph was taken by a Union
wagon and a few photographer, but it was not posed. The
red. What appears to be photographer may have selected this group
ense of security. because they stole the wagon & animals from
their master.

gether in a plantation in The photographer was probably from the
freed from their Union, and although the picture is posed, the
o not appear very happy, people look dignified, suggesting that he was
in favor of freedom for slaves.

lives from the plantation The illustration comes from a Northern
a Union encampment – publication, and in showing the slaves’
y little with them. determination to be free, the illustrator is
speaking to this positive aspect of the war.

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CW7.2K– Questions for Images and Descriptions of the

Category Number Provide a brief description of the image. W
and title
of image

People 3A A photograph of nurses and officers in the San
who cared 3B few of these men and women are dressed-up,
for the sick dressed for work. They work on an estate with
and land, and many people are employed here.
wounded
This illustration shows a “floating hospital” on
3C the different compartments inside. It is well su
be similar to a traditional hospital in terms of it
3D
This photograph is of a scene in a surgical tent
Destruction 4A nurses and doctors tending to the soldier in ne
sort of help he requires. The room looks far fro
jumble of supplies.

A photograph of a Union Army hospital ward.
and bright, even festive (perhaps for a holiday)
look happy, but not in pain either. The patient
mostly seated, resting.

This photograph shows Sherman’s march throu
intentional destruction they caused to the Sou
case, they are dismantling a railway line and ca
opposition from the Confederates.

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Civil War Key (p. 4 of 7)

What does it show? What does this image suggest about the
perspective or point of view of the
photographer or artist? Can you detect any
bias (supporting one side or the other)? If
so, explain.

nitation Commission. A The photographer was probably from the
while others look Union. The picture is posed.
h many buildings and

the Mississippi River, with This Northern publication paints a favorable
upplied, and appears to picture of the hospital on the water.
ts medical facilities.

t. There are multiple The photographer does not appear to have
eed. It is not clear what tried to make the medical tent look better
om sanitary, with a than it was. His motive could have been to
show how chaotic the war really was.
The ward looks clean
). The soldiers do not Perhaps the photographer is trying to show
ts and the nurses are the hospital as a good environment for
wounded soldiers.

ugh Georgia, and the Union photograph, showing capture of
uthern landscape. In this enemy’s railroads (critical for transport). This
ars. There is no violent might be a morale booster for Union soldiers.

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CW7.2K– Questions for Images and Descriptions of the

Category Number Provide a brief description of the image. Wh
and title
of image

Destruction 4B This photograph shows Union soldiers carting aw
(cont.) supplies from a Confederate base in Georgia. Th
march. Many enlisted men are lined up with the
4C away the supplies, while officers supervise.

This illustration shows the destruction and chaos
through the South. The Union soldiers are inten
infrastructure, often through setting fires. Blacks
leave, and some help the destruction process.

Weapons 5A This photograph shows the extensive Confedera
and the Union in Richmond. It is all assembled and r
Technology North.

5B This photograph shows a fallen train – presumab
Fighting is no longer happening around it. No o
5C the train and make use of it again.

A photograph of a Union hot-air balloon, the Int
balloon is on the ground nearby, giving air to th
be on or near a battlefield.

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Civil War Key (p. 5 of 7)

hat does it show? What does this image suggest about the
perspective or point of view of the
photographer or artist? Can you detect any
bias (supporting one side or the other)? If
so, explain.

way ammunition and Union photograph, showing capture of

hey are part of Sherman’s enemy’s ammunition. This might be a morale

e wheelbarrows to take booster for Union soldiers.

s of Sherman’s march A bias in favor of the Union - the illustration
nt to destroy all shows how effective Sherman’s march is in
s use the opportunity to ruining the South. The image does not show
Southerners suffering on an individual basis,
and it shows the chance for blacks to escape.

ate weaponry captured by Union photograph, showing the spoils of war.
ready for shipment to the

bly a casualty of war. Union photograph, showing capture of
one has yet tried to right enemy’s railroads (critical for transport). This
might be a morale booster for Union soldiers.

trepid. A second hot air No bias.
he Intrepid. It appears to

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CW7.2K– Questions for Images and Descriptions of the

Category Number Provide a brief description of the image. Wh
and title
of image

Death 6A A sketch done showing men and women paying
Lincoln’s funeral procession in Chicago. The ban
6B Martyr” and the room in which the body is displa
6C people look grief-stricken.
6D
6E A sketch of Lincoln’s body lying in state in the W
pay their respect. Mostly men are in the room, b
perhaps a family member.

A photograph of an execution of a Captain. Sold
Someone reads the Captain his death warrant. T
nearby, but the photo shows mostly soldiers.

A photograph of the Gettysburg battlefield after
dead soldiers. There are people in the backgrou
of the fallen soldiers.

An image of graves and tombstones in Virginia,
The gravesites are extensive in number.

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Civil War Lesson #7: E
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Civil War Key (p. 6 of 7)

hat does it show? What does this image suggest about the
perspective or point of view of the
photographer or artist? Can you detect any
bias (supporting one side or the other)? If
so, explain.

g their respects during This illustrator is a sympathizer of the Union,

nner reads “Liberty’s Great who thinks highly of Lincoln and what he did

ayed is quite ornate. The for the country.

White House. Dignitaries A bias in favor of Lincoln.
but there is one woman,

diers flank the scaffold. No bias.
There are some spectators

r the fighting, with many In the choice of subject, the photographer is
und standing over some showing that he sees war as destructive and
costly (not romantic.)

outside of a hospital. In the choice of subject, the photographer is
showing that he sees war as destructive and
costly (not romantic.)

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CW7.2K– Questions for Images and Descriptions of the

Category Number Provide a brief description of the image. W
and title
of image

Death 6F A photograph of a burial near a hospital in Virg
the background. Corpses are lined up ready fo
Growth of 7A dig their graves. At least one gravesite digger
Federal
Government A recruitment poster for the Union Army. This
taken over by the federal government during th

7B Greenbacks: a picture of Union currency. This i
taken over by the federal government during th

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Civil War Lesson #7: E
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Civil War Key (p. 7 of 7)

What does it show? What does this image suggest about the
perspective or point of view of the
photographer or artist? Can you detect any
bias (supporting one side or the other)? If
so, explain.

ginia, with tombstones in In the choice of subject, the photographer is
or burial, and three men showing that he sees war as destructive and
is black. costly (not romantic.)

is an example of a power A bias in favor of fighting for the Union cause.
he Civil War.

is an example of a power No bias.
he Civil War.

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CW7.3– Effects of the Civil War Chart

Directions: Based on the Civil War images and your answers to the question
the fact that although one group may have gained certain freedoms, it may
more than one group.

Impact on… Political Effects Social Effects
African Americans

Slave holders

People in states where
the war was fought

Women

The American
population as a whole

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Civil War Lesson #7: E
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ns from the images, fill out the chart below. Be sure to pay close attention to
have lost others as an effect of the war. You may use the same effect for

Economic Effects Other Effects

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CW7.3K– Effects of the Civil War Chart Key (p. 1 of 3)

Impact on… Political Effects Social Effects
African Americans *Freedom from slavery *Freedman’s Burea
*Freedman’s Bureau established school
enforced equal free children and a
protection of rights *Families escaped
Union lines
*People looked for
family members all
the South

Slave holders *Lost the war, so lost the *Women were left
states’ rights and and had to oversee
secession battles slaves, take care of
business & money
matters, which
sometimes stressed
family relations
*Freedman’s burea
treated them equa
the former slaves
*After the war, they
feared that free Afr
Americans would r
against them in vio
*Family members d
in the war

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au Economic Effects Other Effects
ls for *Freedman’s Bureau gave *Many soldiers died in the
adults equal amounts of war.
to the housing, food and
farming supplies to blacks *Farms, homes, businesses,
r their and whites, but it did not roads, railroads, ports, etc.
l over give any property to freed were destroyed and had to
slaves be rebuilt
alone *Freed slaves owned no *Many men died
e property, which meant
f they were poor
y *Lost their slaves, homes,
farms, businesses, wealth
d and male relatives
*People at home ran out
au of food
ally to *Destruction of Sherman’s
March to the Sea crushed
their will to fight

y
rican-
rise up
olence
died

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CW7.3K– Effects of the Civil War Chart Key (p. 2 of 3)

Impact on… Political Effects Social Effects
People in states where *Those on the *Women’s bread ri
the war was fought Confederate side lost and problems at ho
the war, so they had to convinced some
Women rejoin the Union and husbands and male
obey the federal relatives to leave th
government army and come ho
*In the South, some
women rioted for bread *Women were left
*In the South, some and had to oversee
women rioted for bread slaves, take care of
*Some women were business & money
inspired to seek equal matters, which
rights sometimes stressed
*Women’s rights family relations
movement became *Some women wer
more popular and inspired to seek eq
widespread rights
*Women were not *Many women lost
allowed to fight in the husbands, sons, an
armies, but some other male relative
disguised themselves as
men and fought

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iots Economic Effects Other Effects
ome *Lost their slaves, homes, *Farms, homes, businesses,
farms, businesses, wealth roads, railroads, ports, etc.
e and male relatives were destroyed and had to
he *People at home ran out be rebuilt
ome of food
*Destruction of Sherman’s *In the North, women
alone March to the Sea crushed volunteered for the Sanitary
e their will to fight Commission, to sew
f *Women had to take over uniforms, wind bandages,
y businesses, farms, etc. for collect supplies and
which they often had not supplies, and distribute
d been trained them to troops
*3,200 women served as
re nurses in hospitals in the
qual Union & Confederacy
*Clara Barton later founded
t the Red Cross (in 1881)
nd
es

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CW7.3K– Effects of the Civil War Chart Key (p. 3 of 3)

Impact on… Political Effects Social Effects
The American *Southern states had to *Deaths of family
population as a whole come back into the members and
Union. destruction was ve
*Federal government heavy
grew larger & stronger,
with the draft, a national
currency, and
Freedman’s Bureau

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Economic Effects Other Effects

*Much of the South was *There were advances in

destroyed and had to be medical care, with hospitals

ery rebuilt and a strong organization,

but many soldiers died of

disease in the hospitals and

in camps

*Improved weapons, such

as mobile cannons and

other artillery, hot air

balloons, submarines and

minie ball bullets made war

more destructive & deadly

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