Sakinah's e-Portfolio

MY
MICROTEACHING

E-PORTFOLIO

BY

SAKINAH BINTI
MUHAMMAD RIZAL

(012020092012)

UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF MADAM
NIRMALA DEVI A/P RAJO @ RAJOO

About the Author...

Name: Sakinah Binti Muhammad Rizal
Age: 23 years old

Origin: Penang, Malaysia
Level of Education: Bachelor in Teaching English as Second

Language (TESL) (Education)

The author believes that education is important for each
individual, let it be something that is acquired or taught in
school. This is because everyone is educated with some form of
knowledge in their daily lives even when they are not in schools
and teachers are not just someone that can be found in school
as anyone can be a teacher, either they are qualified or not. As
long as they are knowledgeaable.

In teaching, I believe that every teacher should have empathy
and thoughts on their students. Each individual has their own
stories and so do the students that I will teach. Therefore, I hold
firm with the principle of empathy and passion, as it can
hopefully drive me to become a better and much more
understanding teacher, who does not just teach but guide the
students in any way that is possible.

Contents

W1 W6

TEACHING AND STIMULUS
MICROTEACHING VARIATION

- WHAT IS DSKP? - SECOND
MOCKTEACHING
W2
W7
TEACHING AND
LEARNING QUESTIONING
OBJECTIVE TECHNIQUES

- ADDITIONAL - STIMULUS VARIATION
ELEMENTS: LESSON (MINI MOCKTEACHING

PLAN FORMAT I TASK)

W3 W8

SET INDUCTION PROJECT 1 TASK B
PRESENTATION
- ADDITIONAL
ELEMENTS, LESSON - QUESTIONING
TECHNIQUE (MINI
PLAN FORMAT II MOCKTEACHING TASK)

W4 W9

LEARNING REINFORCEMENT
OBJECTIVE STRATEGIES

- FIRST MOCKTEACHING - REINFORCEMENT
I STRATEGIES (MINI
MOCKTEACHING TASK)
W5
W10
PROJECT 1 TASK A
PRESENTATION LESSON PLAN (4
LANGUAGUE SKILLS
- FIRST MOCKTEACHING
II - THIRD MOCKTEACHING

WEEK 1

TEACHING &
MICROTEACHING

WHAT IS DSKP?

5

Entry #1: Teaching and Microteaching

Date: 16th February 2022

In the first lesson, I have learnt that this module in particular is
packed with assessments that may help prepare us for our
internship. Even though it is heavy, I intend to learn and
complete them with the utmost effort and time spent in passing
the subject.

Our lecturer, Madam Nirmala, had begun with the overview of
our assessment first, before she begin questioning us about the
difference between 'Teaching' and 'Microteaching'. I learnt that
microteaching is a session done in particular for us future
teachers to practice our teaching skills among our peers with
instant feedback. Teaching on the other hand, is where we
utilize our pedagogical skills towards a real life classroom
setting, with students providing us feedbacks verbally and non-
verbally. These can be the main reference for us in the next
lesson, so as to improve our teaching skills and cater to the
needs of the students.

We proceeded to understand that teaching should be done
properly to deliver the appropriate knowledge to our students,
and for them to develop their physical, emotional, spiritual, and
intellect in producing a holistic student.

Nowadays, it is easy for them to obtain new informations from
the gadgets that are provided to them. It is the teacher's job to
develop critical thinking students, for them to not only rely on
the informations obtained easily from the Internet but also
enhance their thinking capabilities and have a chance to put on
their thinking caps.

Assessments that are
prepared for the subject

6

Entry #2: What is DSKP?

Date: 18th February 2022

It was interesting to learn about DSKP and the recent changes
done upon the introduction of the new CEFR format. However
before we began our lesson, madam had explained to us about
the 6 skills and principles of Microteaching, which I take upon
myself to focus on.

I find it important for us to know on the 6 skills to be a better
teacher and educator, for us to conduct a better lesson. I
managed to understand that there are ways and methods of
using a whiteboard in class and that we have to encourage our
students to think outside of the box with proper questioning
techniques.

Another thing about CEFR is that it is there to standardize the
level of our examination with that of Europe and that it is not to
be implemented fully to let our students focus on slowly
improving the language proficiency and not to be excessively
adapted to the foreign culture.

Besides, I also understand that Cross-Curricular Elements (CCE)
can helps our students to be holistic individuals by
implementing various skills into one subject.

I finally concluded as a future English teacher, I have to have
knowledge beyond the pages of the textbook and teach other
values to produce holistic students, who did not just excel in
English as a subject but also implement them with the values of
the world integrated in their lessons.

Learning about the
relationship between

CEFR and KSSM.

WEEK 2

TEACHING &
LEARNING
OBJECTIVE

ADDITIONAL ELEMENTS: LESSON
PLAN FORMAT I

8

Entry #3: Microteaching and Learning Objective

Date: 23rd February 2022

The usual way that I used to construct a learning objective is to
plan out the lesson first. But I was immediately wronged as I
learn that a learning objective should relate to the Content
Standard and the Learning Standard instead. It is something
new to me, at least, to experience constructing learning
objectives based on the two elements. It was challenging, but it
is the right way.

Learning objectives of course, has its own purpose in the
classroom, and that is to ensure that the students are learning
something in the lesson that we taught. It also acts as a guide
for the teachers to not go astray from the content and learning
standards provided.

But in constructing a SMART objective, one must abide the
ABCD criteria. They are to have the Audience, which are the
PUPILS, Behaviour or verbs, Condition, and Degree. These must
all be there in the objective statement, and should be
introduced to the students before the lesson begins. It is so that
the students are aware of where the lesson are heading to and
not be confused by the flow of the lesson.

Lastly, do be reminded that the 3 objectives should relate to
the Bloom's Taxonomy. For instance, 2 cognitive + 1
psychomotor/affective domains @ 3 cognitive domains. It all
depends on the school that you are attending. Though it is
better to include all three for balance in both IQ and EQ of the
students!

Inside Out scene =
Bloom's Taxonomy in

real life

9

Entry #4: Additional Elements: Lesson Plan Format I

Date: 25th February 2022

As I went to Internship during my diploma, I have seen teacher's
lesson plan being simple and short. But I learn that we, as
Intern students, have to have an elaborate lesson plan and we
should be as detailed as possible with them. This can show our
credibility as a teacher, as the same goes to our references and
materials. Not one link or material should be left out, and the
more we have them is better.

Most information that is needed at the top part of our lesson
plan, which is the theme, topic, content, and learning standards
can be obtained through the Scheme of Work provided by the
school teachers. But we should also be aware of the dateline as
it is already pre-planned throughout the year.

Focus skills that are stated in the lesson plan should not have
all four language skills at once since we have a time limit to
teach the students. So, only put two skills at a time with one of
them acting as the main skill to be taught. Now here is where
we should be aware that the skills has their own companions
and comes together as a pair (Listening + Speaking & Reading
+ Writing). Simply speaking, each skills comes with a
complementary skill, which are either the productive or
receptive skill.

So, when planning a lesson plan do read through the SOW
provided to ensure that the students are not left behind in their
syllabus, and the skills are enhanced accordingly and
appropriately so as to avoid confusion among the students.

Do not forget to teach
the students using i-

Think!

WEEK 3

SET INDUCTION

ADDITIONAL ELEMENTS: LESSON
PLAN FORMAT II

11

Entry #5: Set Induction

Date: 2nd March 2022

Set induction or anticipatory set is an important stage that
initiates the entire lesson. It help gives a little bit of exposure for
the students and make sure that they are aware of what they
are going to learn today.

Something that is not in common and rarely done by the
teachers in this stage is to introduce the learning objectives.
Now, this element may come last in the stage but it is
important for the students to know what they are going to
learn throughout the lesson. The least they can do then is to
prepare mentally for the activities that they are going to
participate in.

Set induction should be fun and meaningful for the students. It
should not just be done without regards of the topic and
objectives of the lesson. This is where the students prepare of
what to come so make sure that the activities done in this stage
or anything that is prepared for it is something that the
students can relate to throughout the lesson, like introducing
keywords and points that are important for the topic. This way,
the lesson can be put in context and students' interest can also
be grabbed for them to be more engaged with not only the
lesson but also their peers and teacher.

One of the slides in the topic
that explains on the set
induction stage.

12

Entry #6: Lesson Plan Format II

Date: 4th March 2022

In this lesson, we continue focusing on the additional elements,
differentiation strategies, activities, closure, and reflections.

In the additional elements, we are encouraged to list down
several learning modes and assessments for future reference. I
learn that in resources, textbook should of course be the main
resource, but all of the links that are used for material
developments and teaching should be included as well. The
more the reference are the better it is, as it shows how much
research and studying that we have done for the lesson for
that week in particular. Even the materials and aids has to be
included in here as it helps us with the teaching process as well.

Another element that is new to me is the differentiation
strategies, and I think that this is a good step for teachers to
keep track on the progress of all students no matter their
proficiency levels. It is a target that is also different for all
proficiency level, which is great for the teacher to provide and
set different goals for them all and to not expect too much
from the students with lower proficiency level. It helps take the
pressure off the students, and teachers can assess the
students' progress in each lesson to know which level they fall
into.

Thus the lesson plan does not only help us prepare for the
lesson and to know what comes next, but now can help us know
our students' level even better.

The new lesson plan format was
taught with newly introduced
elements

WEEK 4

LEARNING
OBJECTIVE

FIRST MOCKTEACHING
I

8

Entry #3: Learning Objective

Date: 9th March 2022

Learning Objective has their own Learning Piyramid. In this
lesson, we learned about the learning pyramid that helps
construct a lesson.

We know that learning objectives help us direct the lesson to be
more meaningful and in the correct direction. In the learning
pyramid, we learn what is the most effective way for us to
teaching a student and I know now that students learn better
with each other than with a teacher.

This is all proven in a research paper, says madam, and so it is
good for future teachers like us to conduct a flipped classroom
environment for lessons to come to encourage peer teaching.
This way, the 21st century classroom element (3Cs), can also be
implemented in the lesson easily, especially Collaboration
among the students.

In conclusion, to conduct a lesson, teachers are encouraged to
allow the students to learn with their own peers with the
implementation of visual, kinesthetic, and auditory teaching
aids for a more effective teaching process.

One of the slides in the topic
that explains on the learning

pyramid.

14

Entry #8: First Mockteaching I

Date: 11th March 2022

In this class, I did my first mock teaching on the set induction
stage as well as my teaching aids. I have chosen a Form 5 topic
called the Media (Unit 7), for it to be suitable for my classmates
and the current issue that is in discussion among the youths in
media, which is mental health association to social media.

I decided to bring in real newspapers in the class, but it is hard
to come by so I settled in with some digital newspaper and
screenshotted some of the topics that I think is interesting and
related. Thankfully, some of my classmates agreed that it is a
good materials to be brought in for the class, as it shows the
reality of the world and the issues that surfaces with the topic.
It certainly shows why they have to learn about the topic as
well, which is great for the students to have some values to be
taken home with them at the end of the lesson.

Personally, my lesson was commented to be more teacher-
based, where the teacher do most of the talking. So I was
advised to give more opportunity for the students to talk and
respond to my questions. I guess the fact that it is online and
fear of the students having weak Internet connection got into
me and I should learn to not panic during class.

Thus in set induction, I learn that students should be put first
and the materials should be eye-catching and interesting to
use in the classroom setting.

One of the slide pages that I
have prepared for the
lesson.

WEEK 5

PROJECT 1 TASK A
PRESENTATION

FIRST MOCKTEACHING II

17

Entry #9: Project 1 Task A Presentation

Date: 16th March 2022

For this project, my and my groupmates had developed a total
of 15 activities that are based on 4 language skills and 5 types
of teaching aids related to the topic Journey from Form 2
textbook. I have personally challenged myself into creating
online material, based on an e-book that contains the history of
transportations from the aspects of the world and the country.

It was a great pleasure creating the book and designing them
with the help of my groupmates. The activities that I have
created from this material is a quiz, crossword puzzle, and an
essay writing. My only mistake here is to not create something
that is fully accessible physically, which is something that is
demanded in the instructions of the project.

However, I am glad that the book can be printed and accessible
for download in flipbook.com and the quiz, crossword puzzle, as
well as essay writing can be done by the teachers with their
own creativity to be implemented in physical classrooms. It is a
shame that we did not manage to bring physical materials to
class, but at least for the Realia, we managed to impress the
others with the kinesthetic board game of snake and ladder
that is applicable in classrooms and even for our internship.

All in all. it is a great opportunity for us to brainstorm ideas on
the activities that can be implemented in online classrooms and
modified easily to fit in physical classroom setting. However, we
should be more attentive on the demands of the project before
committing into one.

E-book created by me for
the purpose of this project.

18

Entry #10: First Mockteaching II

Date: 18th March 2022

In this class, second part of the first mock teaching was done
and several of my classmates have conducted their mock
teaching on Set Induction and Teaching Aids.

Some of them had come up with interesting activities and ideas
to initiate the lesson. Some of them made small activities like
answering riddles and others asks continuous questions that
are related with the topic that they are teaching. Not much of
the feedbacks have caught my eyes as most of them are
positive, but I do find it interesting that repetition of key
information in this stage is allowed and encouraged to ensure
that the students understand. Minimal explanation can be given
for the keywords here as further explanations can be given as
the lesson goes on.

I learn here another way of conducting a set induction in
physical mode class instead of online, which is fairly different
and much more engaging for the students.

WEEK 6

STIMULUS
VARIATION

FIRST MOCKTEACHING III

19

Entry #11: Stimulus Variation

Date: 23rd March 2022

Stimulus variation is done with the purpose of keeping students
engaged with the lesson and is a part of classroom
management skills. As a future teacher, I have to be aware of
the ways to keep students engaged and one of them is to have
a variety of ways and strategies of teaching to avoid the
students become bored. This involves a good classroom
management skill from the teacher.

The classroom management skill can help manage the
condition in the class, and make the classroom condition more
controllable for the students and teachers to teach and learn.
In another word, it helps control disruptive behaviours from the
students when the teaching process is going on. This canhelp
students engage in their learning process and maintain their
focus in class.

I also learn that teachers' action in class should not always be
directed to teaching but also grabbing the attention of the
students and to do that, there are few factors that can be look
into like the intensity during lessons, contrast, movement,
audio-visual aids and teacher's personal behaviour. There are
also skills that we can look into that can help with stimulus
variation. Some of them are movement, gestures, pausing, and
change in speech pattern.

In conclusion, stimulus variation comes from the teacher to
help students pay attention and be engaged in the class when
the teaching and learning process is going on.

Stimulus variation slides
provided by Madam Nirmala.

21

Entry #10: First Mockteaching III

Date: 25th March 2022

In this session in particular, more of set induction activities were
conducted from my classmates and they had utilized many
materials and fun facts in their lessons that are engaging for
me. They helped me stay engaged and I learn new things as
well from their lessons.

I learn here how we should take note on sharing as much as
information as we can in the time span that is given and we
should not limit them to only a number of facts so as to keep
our lessons much more informative. This is another way of
making the set induction more thought provoking for the
students.

Set Induction should be a part of teaching as well and not just a
warm up session for the students to be focused. And warm up
does not just involve teachers teaching in front and students
listening, but it should take both parties into consideration.
Teachers should encourage the students to participate more in
the lesson starting from this stage to keep momentum.

Thus the stage is important for the students to start being
active in class and more focused with what they are learning.

WEEK 7

QUESTIONING
TECHNIQUES

STIMULUS VARIATION
(MINI MOCKTEACHING TASK)

23

Entry #13: Questioning Techniques

Date: 30th March 2022

To ask students a question, the teachers do not have a specific
stage to do that. In fact, it can be done and should be done
throughout the lesson just to see if the students are engaged
with the lessons or not. However, there are few criteria that we
should be aware of when asking the students a question.

As a trainee teacher, I should avoid asking impromptu
questions to avoid myself getting confused and all questions
should be written and displayed for the students to see and
refer to before answering. It can avoid them from getting
confused as well and I can avoid making grammatical mistake
when asking the question to the students. However, I have to
ensure that I ask HOTS question to ensure that the students
apply their critical thinking skills in class and initiate discussions
with their classmates and with me.

However, in certain scenarios, students may not be able to
answer our questions and at the time we should give them the
appropriate amount of time (20-30 seconds), rephrase the
question or redirect to other students. Redirecting the question
can also be applied when we, teachers, cannot answer the
question either for the students to think for themselves and
help their peers.

In another word, questioning techniques can help us
understand just how much the students have understand, and
how focused are they with the lesson conducted.

Questioning technique slide
provided by Madam Nirmala.

24

Entry #14: Stimulus Variation
(Mini Mockteaching Task)

Date: 1st April 2022

Stimulus variation techniques and strategies can help students
be engaged with the lesson, and in this class, I managed to
apply some of the strategies that I have learnt in the lecture
class.

I was chosen to teach the class and have a small sharing
session while applying the strategies of stimulus variation. So I
chose a topic that my classmates would be familiar with, which
is social media. The feedbacks that I received was positive, like
how I constantly move around the class, walk towards the
students that are talking, standing in appropriate positions
throughout the lesson, and interaction with the students with
appropriate feedbacks. I was satisfied with the material that I
have chosen as well, which is the video. because I managed to
apply the position of me standing behind the class to see where
the students' attention were directed to. I am aware that some
of them are not paying attention, and that is where I am
focused at mostly.

Besides my own progress, I have also seen my classmates
applying their strategies with various random materials and
slides. It was fresh to see us applying these strategies without
even having to teach sometimes, and it just shows me how this
strategy does not just help our students focus and engage with
our lesson, but also help us keep the person we are interacting
with interested with the topic of discourse.

Material prepared by me for
the stimulus variation task.

WEEK 8

PROJECT 1 TASK B
PRESENTATION

SECOND MOCKTEACHING

26

Entry #15: Project 1 Task B Presentation

Date: 13th April 2022

Creating a blog is not something that is easy for all teachers to
do but it does come in handy, especially when we are in the 21st
century, where most of our activities are based off on gadgets
and technologies. Students spend most of their time online, so
it is only fitting for teachers to join in the trend and make
themselves known in the Internet like in the educational blogs.

For this project, me and my groupmates have create a blog for
the topic Good Luck, Bad Luck with the inclusion of all 4
lamguage skills and 10 separate activities for the topic. It was
not easy coming up with 10 activities for each skills but we
came through and managed to find suitable activities that
utilizes the web. We decided to not go extra and focus on
platforms that the students are familiar with so as to ensure
that the students can explore the pages by themselves. It was a
project that encourages students to self-learn and utilizes self-
directed learning strategies.

This project had also taught me that educational blogs must
have elements that are not only eye-catching but also
standardized through and through, according to the topic and
theme that is chosen. Students should not feel confused when
they are in the blog, and we have made a minor mistake of not
making the design standardized in terms of colour and fonts.
So, we corrected them immediately but was glad that our
activities are good and suitable for the students to complete on
their own without help.

Reading skill activity created
by me for the purpose of
this project.

27

Entry #12: Second Mockteaching

Date: 15th April 2022

For this class, we have conducted an online mock teaching for
our assessment on stimulus variation and questioning
techniques. We have been instructed to proceed with our
previous lesson plan for the presentation stage, and I have
joined a Zoom meeting that is conducted within my project
group members to conduct the mockteaching.

I have received great verbal feedbacks from my friends, on
how I managed to use the questioning techniques well as well
as the stimulus variation. But having no feedbacks from
madam do make me feel a bit loss as the feedbacks given
from peers may be biased.

However, I have seen my groupmates' mock teaching and ways
they present their lessons. Some of them even included
activities in their presentation stage, which is very uncommon
due to time constraints. But it gave me ideas on how to keep
the students engage during class and to see whether the
students can keep up with what they are learning.

In short, implementing both these elements in my mock
teaching is certainly a challenge but being spontaneous and
relaxed is one of the keys in ensuring that the lesson goes
smooth and well according to plan.

Materials prepared for the
mock teaching

WEEK 9

REINFORCEMENT
STRATEGIES

REINFORCEMENT
STRATEGIES

(MINI MOCKTEACHING TASK)

29

Entry #17: Reinforcement Strategies

Date: 20th April 2022

Reinforcement will not just help us engage the students into the
lesson and help motivate them to learn. But it also help retain
information that they had just learn also encourage
participation among them for feedbacks. But there are time
and place to reinforce something in the students, and this is
where the strategies come in hand.

The teacher must first know what kind of behaviour that they
want to encourage or discourage from the students. And
remember that the keyword here is BEHAVIOUR. We must not
reprimand the students for who they are during classes as it
may make us appear to be unfair in the eyes of the students.

Reinforcement are divided into two types. Positive
reinforcement is to encourage positive behaviour from the
students while negative helps remove undesired behaviours
from the students. Reinforcements are encouraged, but
punishment is best avoided.

There are several types of reinforcers, which are the incentives
to reinforce the students into behaving. For instance, food,
materials, activities, or even verbal and non-verbal feedbacks.
However food or edibles should totally be avoided because the
students may be allergic to the food we give them.

In short, we have to always encourage positive behaviours
from the students with the right way. We should never harm
the students and punish them. Instead, we should discipline
them for them to know more of the consequences of their
negative behaviours.

One of the pages in the slides
provided by Madam Nirmala

30

Entry #18: Reinforcement Strategies
(Mini Mockteaching Task)

Date: 22nd April 2022

In this class, I was chosen, alongside some of my other friends
to demonstrate reinforcement strategies in an impromptu
mock teaching task from our lecturer. It was tough coming up
with a topic for the activity but I decided to go with supersitions
that have something to do with the topic Good Luck, Bad Luck
from Form 2 textbook.

As I go on with my mock teaching, I tried to come up with as
much reinforcement strategies that I can. But with lack of
materials, I find myself giving more verbal feedbacks than
others. Madam had told me that it was good that I am moving
around and others also mentioned that there are gestures that
comes out naturally that I am not aware of. So, all-in-all it was
a great impromptu mock teaching.

Throughout the class, I had so much fun learning about various
ways of feedback and conducting a lesson from my peers. The
stories we share that comes with the lessons that we taught
also teaches us a lot about someone, and perhaps this can also
be another way for me to get to know my students in the
future.

So, I learn that through teaching we can know our students
from the way they behave and participate in class, as well as
our own.

Material prepared by me for
the stimulus variation task.

WEEK 10

LESSON PLAN (4
LANGUAGE SKILLS)

THIRD MOCKTEACHING

32

Entry #19: Lesson Plan
(4 Language Skills)

Date: 20th April 2022

In this lesson, I learn to write activities for four language skills
(listening, speaking, reading, and writing), according to their
own pre-, while, and post activities.

In that section, there will be 2 or 3 activities conducted,
depending on the proficiency level of the students, however
they must all relate to the topic. Now, due to time constraints,
productive skills like speaking and writing are going to be
draggy. So the activities must be short and simple for the
students to do. For the activities to be conducted though, we
must ensure that the materials are related to it and not just the
topic.

Materials should appear mainly during the while stage (Activity
2), as this is when the students will utilize them while
participating in the activity that is conducted. The pre- stage
(Activity 1), should prepare the students for the materials that
will be given. Usually this is where it stops for the main skills we
are teaching as in the third activity, complementary skills
activitu should be conducted, aligning with the objective
created for the lesson.

In a nutshell, to teach the four language skills, activities should
be related and it should fit the pre-, while, and post stage of the
skills to be taught.

Notes written by me during the
lecture session.

32

Entry #12: Third Mockteaching

Date: 13th May 2022

On this day, we have conducted our third and final mock
teaching on the final stage of the lesson plan, which is closure,
to implement both closure and reinforcement strategies. I have
confusion and doubts on how to implement reinforcement
strategies for online classes because I only have ideas for
physical classes. So I had to come up with more usage of verbal
reinforcers for the class instead.
However, doing the mock teaching with my friends, refreshes
my mind on the implementation of the Internet and various
tools that are provided in Zoom Application. It is a shame that I
did not manage to utilize them during my mock teaching but I
am glad that I am more aware of it now.
In the end, I hope that all 3 mock teachings and tasks that I
have done will help me during my internship in terms of making
my class more interesting, engaging, and knowledgeable for
the students to take part in.

Me, taking part in my
groupmate's mock teaching
session for more exposure and

feedback on their side!

IN THIS PORTFOLIO, A LIST OF REFLECTIONS OF ATTENDED
CLASSES DURING SEMESTER FEBRUARY 2022 WERE INCLUDED.
ALL OF THE ACTIVITIES, MAIN POINTS, AND NEW INFORMATIONS
ON TEACHING WERE NOTED AND INCLUDED WITHIN THE CONTENT
OF THIS BOOK. THE AUTHOR WOULD WISH BEST OF LUCK FOR
FUTURE TEACHERS ON THEIR ENDEAVOURS TO BECOME A GREAT
TEACHER WITH GOOD PROFESSIONALISM AND TEACHING SKILLS.