MODUL BAHASA INNGRIS SMA SEMESTER GENAP

[Year]

MODUL
BAHASA INGGRIS

SMA KELAS XI
SEMESTER 2

ANANDHA MEYLIA HERMADIANTI PUTRI
192120019 PBI 5A

Modul Bahasa Inggris. Kelas XI. KD 3.6/4.6

DAFTAR ISI

A. Kompetensi Dasar.......................................................................................................... 4
B. Deskripsi Singkat Materi ............................................................................................... 4
C. Petunjuk Penggunaan Modul ......................................................................................... 5
D. Materi Pembelajaran ...................................................................................................... 5
A. Tujuan Pembelajaran ..................................................................................................... 6
B. Uraian Materi ................................................................................................................. 6
Pay close attention to the personal letter below . ................................................................ 6

Pengertian ........................................................................................................................ 7
Struktur dari Personal Letter............................................................................................ 7
Ciri Kebahasaan............................................................................................................... 8
C. Rangkuman .................................................................................................................... 8
D. Penugasan Mandiri ........................................................................................................ 9
E. Latihan Soal ................................................................................................................... 9
F. Penilaian Diri ............................................................................................................... 10
A. Tujuan Pembelajaran ................................................................................................... 11
B. Uraian Materi ............................................................................................................... 11
Salutation ....................................................................................................................... 11
Starting the letter............................................................................................................ 11
Closing........................................................................................................................... 11
Conclusion ..................................................................................................................... 11
8. Thank You letter..................................................................................................... 12
9. Love letter .............................................................................................................. 12
C. Rangkuman .................................................................................................................. 13
D. Penugasan Mandiri ...................................................................................................... 13
E. Latihan Soal ................................................................................................................. 13
A. Soal .............................................................................................................................. 15
CAUSE AND EFFECT BAHASA INGGRIS - XI........................................................... 21
A. Identitas Modul .......................................................................................................... 21
B. Kompetensi Dasar ...................................................................................................... 21
C. Deskripsi Singkat Materi............................................................................................ 21
D. Materi Pembelajaran .................................................................................................. 21
KEGIATAN PEMBELAJARAN 1................................................................................... 22
A. Tujuan Pembelajaran.................................................................................................. 22
B. Uraian Materi ............................................................................................................. 22
C. Rangkuman ................................................................................................................ 24

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Modul Bahasa Inggris. Kelas XI. KD 3.6/4.6

D. Penugasan Mandiri..................................................................................................... 24
E. Latihan Soal ............................................................................................................... 25
KEGIATAN PEMBELAJARAN 2................................................................................... 27
A. Tujuan Pembelajaran.................................................................................................. 27
B. Uraian Materi ............................................................................................................. 27
C. Rangkuman ................................................................................................................ 28
D. Penugasan Mandiri..................................................................................................... 29
E. Latihan Soal ............................................................................................................... 29
EVALUASI ....................................................................................................................... 32
A. Choose the best answer .............................................................................................. 32
B. Complete the sentences by using the word because or becauseof.............................. 32
C. Choose a topic by writing the causes on the roots of the tree and the effects on the
branches. After that, write a paragraph telling your topic. Use some expression showing
the cause andeffect relationship, ....................................................................................... 33
B. Kompetensi Dasar........................................................................................................ 35
C. Deskripsi Singkat Materi ............................................................................................. 35
D. Petunjuk Penggunaan Modul ....................................................................................... 35
E. Materi Pembelajaran .................................................................................................... 36
A. Tujuan Pembelajaran ................................................................................................... 36
B. Uraian Materi ............................................................................................................... 36
C. Rangkuman .................................................................................................................. 39

A general statement...................................................................................................... 39
D. Penugasan Mandiri ...................................................................................................... 40
E. Latihan Soal ................................................................................................................. 40
F. Penilaian Diri ............................................................................................................... 45
A. Tujuan Pembelajaran ................................................................................................... 46
B. Uraian Materi ............................................................................................................... 46
C. Rangkuman .................................................................................................................. 47
D. Penugasan Mandiri ...................................................................................................... 48
PENDAHULUAN............................................................................................................. 58
A. Identitas Modul .......................................................................................................... 58
B. Kompetensi Dasar ...................................................................................................... 58
C. Deskripsi Singkat Materi ........................................................................................... 58

Let’s sing the song ......................................................................................................... 59
A. Tujuan Pembelajaran ................................................................................................. 59
B. Uraian Materi ............................................................................................................. 59
C. Rangkuman ................................................................................................................ 64
D. Penugasan Mandiri..................................................................................................... 64
E. Latihan Soal ............................................................................................................... 64

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Modul Bahasa Inggris. Kelas XI. KD 3.6/4.6

F. Penilaian Diri ............................................................................................................. 66
A. Tujuan Pembelajaran ................................................................................................. 67
B. Uraian Materi ............................................................................................................. 67
C. Rangkuman ................................................................................................................ 71
D. Latihan Soal ............................................................................................................... 72
DAFTAR PUSTAKA

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Modul Bahasa Inggris. Kelas XI. KD 3.6/4.6

PENDAHULUAN

Mata Pelajaran : Bahasa Inggris
Kelas : XI
Alokasi Waktu : 4 Jam Pelajaran
Judul Modul : Personal Letter

A. Kompetensi Dasar

3. 6 Membedakan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan beberapa
tekskhusus dalam bentuk surat pribadi dengan memberi dan menerima
informasi terkait kegiatan diri sendiri dan orang sekitarnya, sesuai dengan
konteks penggunaannya

4. 6. Teks surat pribadi
4.6.1 Menangkap makna secara kontekstual terkait fungsi sosial, struktur teks,
dan unsur kebahasaan teks khusus dalam bentuk surat pribadi terkait
kegiatan diri sendiri dan orang sekitarnya
4.6.2 Menyusun teks khusus dalam bentuk surat pribadi terkait kegiatan diri
sendiri dan orang sekitarnya, lisan dan tulis, dengan memperhatikan fungsi
sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan, secara benar dan sesuai
konteks

B. Deskripsi Singkat Materi

Salam sehat, Anak-anak.
Kalian pasti pernah punya keinginan menanyakan keadaan atau kabar dari keluarga,
seorang teman, sahabat atau bahkan seorang kenalan yang pernah bertemu disuatu
tempat dan bertukar alamat. Bagaimanakah cara kalian untuk mengetahui hal
tersebut ? Ya betul sekali, kita dapat mengetahui keadaan seseorang dengan melalui
surat. Sebelum menyusun surat, hal pertama kali yang harus kita persiapkan adalah
kepada siapa surat itu akan dikirimkan dan di mana alamat orang yang akan kita
kirimi surat. Selain itu, kalian pun harus memperhatikan struktur teks dan sejumlah
unsur kebahasaan surat tersebut.

Pada modul ini kalian akan diajak berlatih untuk membuat sebuah surat pribadi
dengan menggunakan unsur kebahasaan dan struktur yang benar. Untuk mencapai
Kompetensi Dasar (KD) ini, kalian perlu berlatih lebih banyak dalam berinteraksi

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Modul Bahasa Inggris. Kelas XI. KD 3.6/4.6

lisan dan tulis terkait surat pribadi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari di lingkungan
Kalian. Untuk mengetahui kemajuan belajar kalian, perlu dilakukan penilaian
otentik berupa penilaian produk dalam bentuk surat pribadi untuk kemudian
dikumpulkandalam portofolio masing-masing.

C. Petunjuk Penggunaan Modul

Modul ini akan membantu kalian untuk memahami, mempraktikkan dan
menganalisis materi Personal Letter dalam proses pembelajaran. Pada modul ini
diharapkan kalian benar-benar mampu memahami secara utuh materi yang ada pada
modul ini. Secara khusus, perhatikan petunjuk penggunaan modul berikut ini :
1. Modul ini dapat kalian pelajari secara mandiri.
2. Kalian dapat mempelajari modul ini dengan membaca, melihat dan

mengamaticontoh-contoh dari gambar yang disajikan.
3. Kerjakan latihan-latihan dan evaluasi yang ada pada modul ini.
4. Jika ada kendala dan kalian mengalami kesulitan, tanyakan kepada guru

atauorang yang kalian anggap lebih tahu tentang Personal Letter.

Setelah mengerjakan latihan / tugas / soal pada akhir setiap kegiatan pembelajaran,
ukurlah kemampuan kalian dengan memeriksa hasil pekerjaan tersebut menggunakan
kunci jawaban atau pedoman penilaian yang disediakan. Kemudian hitunglah berapa
perolehan nilainya secara mandiri. Nilai yang kalian peroleh menggambarkan tingkat
penguasaan dan penentu bagi kalian untuk melanjutkan atau kembali mempelajari modul
ini. Selain itu, lakukan refleksi diri untuk menjawab beberapa pertanyaan pendek untuk
meyakinkan bahwa kalian betul-betul memahami materi dalam modul ini.

Selamat belajar dan berlatih!

D. Materi Pembelajaran

Modul ini terbagi menjadi 2 kegiatan pembelajaran
1. Kegiatan Pembelajaran pertama membahas tentang fungsi sosial, struktur teks dan

unsur kebahasaan dari sebuah surat pribadi atau Personal Letter, dan di dalamnya
terdapat uraian materi, contoh teks, latihan dan evaluasi.
2. Kegiatan Pembelajaran kedua membahas tentang ungkapan-ungkapan,
menemukan makna dari surat pribadi dan menyusun sebuah surat pribadi . Kalian
akan berlatih berkomunikasi secara tulis.

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Modul Bahasa Inggris. Kelas XI. KD 3.6/4.6

KEGIATAN PEMBELAJARAN 1 : FUNGSI SOSIAL, STRUKTUR DAN
UNSUR KEBAHASAAN SURAT PRIBADI
A. Tujuan Pembelajaran

Setelah mempelajari materi dalam modul kegiatan pembelajaran 1, kalian
diharapkan mampu membedakan dan menggunakan fungsi sosial, struktur teks dan unsur
kebahasaan surat pribadi serta menangkap makna dari surat tersebut.

Dalam kegiatan pembelajaran 1 ini, kalian akan dikenalkan pada contoh surat
pribadi yang disajikan dalam bentuk tulis pada kegiatan membaca. Sebelum masuk ke
kedua kegiatan tersebut, kalian akan diberikan pengertian, struktur dan ciri kebahasaan
surat pribadi, sehingga kalian akan lebih mudah memahaminya.
B. Uraian Materi

Pay close attention to the personal letter below .

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Modul Bahasa Inggris. Kelas XI. KD 3.6/4.6

Pengertian
Surat dalam bahasa Inggris disebut dengan letter. Personal Letter ( Surat Pribadi )
merupakan surat tidak resmi yang ditulis untuk perseorangan. Biasanya, yang terlibat
adalah dua orang yang saling mengenal dengan baik. Namun, mari kita telusuri lagi lebih
dalam tentang pengertian personal letter ini.
Dikutip dari buku Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI Semester 2 disebutkan bahwa :
Personal letters are letters you write to people you have already known well or been familar
with, such as family members, friends, classmates or pen friends.
Jadi, kalian bisa menulis surat pribadi untuk orangtua, kakak atau adik, teman akrab,
sahabat yang pernah tinggal di dekat kalian, dan lain-lain.

Struktur dari Personal Letter

 Date (Tanggal) = Biasanya tanggal ini ditulis pada kiri paling atas. Tanggal ini
menunjukkan kapan waktu surat ditulis.
Misalnya: 12th January 2014

 Address (Alamat) = Bagian ini adalah tempat dimana kamu menulis surat atau
alamat asal si pengirim tinggal. Alamat ditulis pada bagian kanan atas.
Misal: 35 Senggigi Raya Lombok 75009 Nusa Tenggara Timur

 Salutation & Name (Salam & Nama) = Bagian ini menuliskan salam pembuka
dannama penerima surat.
Misalnya: My Dear Lovely Siti, Dear..., Dearest..., Sweetheart, Darling, My love,
dan lain-lain.

 Introduction (Pembukaan) = Biasanya dimulai dengan sebuah kalimat seperti
tanggapan dari surat sebelumnya atau bisa juga awal perkenalan diri jika kalian
baru memulai surat-menyurat.

 Body (Isi Surat) = Bagian ini merupakan isi atau inti dari surat. Pada bagian body
ini kalian menceritakan seluruh isi surat yang ingin kalian tuliskan.

 Closure (Penutup) = Bagian ini berfungsi untuk menutup pembicaraan, yang
menunjukan bahwa surat akan segera berakhir.

 Complimentary Close (Salam Penutup) = Bagian ini merupakan ungkapan
penutup pendek.
Misalnya: With love, Sincerely yours, dan lain-lain.

 Signature (Tanda Tangan) = Bagian ini berada di bawah complementary close,
kalian bisa membubuhkan kalian tangan atau bisa juga hanya inisial nama kalian
saja.

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Modul Bahasa Inggris. Kelas XI. KD 3.6/4.6

Ciri Kebahasaan

Linguistic Features

Sentence - Accuracy of grammar is important.
Structure - Complete sentences are expected.

- Slang can be used.
- Use the contractions such as I’ll, I’m, We’ll

Style - Use personal pronouns such as I, We, You
- Use active voice
- Language use may be personal like first and second person

pronouns.
- Be warm
- Use the person’s name you are writing to
- Vary sentence length.
- Write in a natural, conversational style.
- Let your personality shine through in your writing.

C. Rangkuman

Personal Letter digunakan untuk menjalin hubungan dengan orang lain melalui
tulisan. Sekarang ini, dengan kemajuan zaman, hubungan surat menyurat sudah
jarang digunakan dalam berkomunikasi karena sudah tergantikan oleh alat
komunikasi yanglebih cepat dan canggih. Penggunaan surat masih banyak digunakan
di daerah yang belum banyak menggunakan alat komunikasi elektronik.
Struktur sebuah surat pribadi meliputi: tempat dan tanggal surat dibuat, alamat, salam
dan nama, pembukaan, isi, penutup, salam penutup dan tanda tangan.
Unsur kebahasaan yang kalian pelajari meliputi ungkapan keakraban yang lazim
digunakan dalam surat pribadi, nomina singular dan plural dengan atau tanpa a,
the,this, those, my, their, dsb., serta ucapan, tekanan kata, intonasi, ejaan, tanda
baca, dantulisan tangan.

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Modul Bahasa Inggris. Kelas XI. KD 3.6/4.6

D. Penugasan Mandiri

Look at the expressions and match them with the purpose of the letter. Do like
theexample.

Expressions Purpose

I am so happy to share this with you To apologize

Thank you so much for remembering To ask for reply
me To ask a favor
Did you know ….

I am so sorry Closing

I will be waiting for your letter eagerly To give advice

Can I ask you for this favor To give bad news

Love always Changing topic

I think you should think it over before To share some information

I am so sorry but I have to tell you To thank the person
That reminds me of … To share good news

E. Latihan Soal
Analyze the personal letter below. Give the structure in box given

Kupang, April 2, 2018 1

2

Dear Paula, 3 4

Hello Paula, how are you? It’s been a month since l last heard from you. Well l just

wanted to tell you that I was in a hospital last week. According to the doctor l was

infected by dengue fever. 5

At first, I felt my body became weak then fainted when was studying in the classroom.

Then, I was taken to the hospital because of the high fever.

At the hospital, I was brought into the emergency unit. The doctor immediately gave

some treatments. Finally, l had to stay there for one week. Everyday the doctor kept

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Modul Bahasa Inggris. Kelas XI. KD 3.6/4.6

me on a drip. At the seventh day, my condition was getting better. After the final

check, the doctor gave me permission to go home. Now, I’m okay and because of my

illness, I am now more careful about keeping in my house clean especially my room, I

don’t want to get the same illness again.

OK, think that’s all from me, write to me soon ok? I am looking forward to seeing you

soon. 7

Regards 6
Nadira

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F. Penilaian Diri

No Pernyataa SS S TS STS

n

1 Saya berdoa sebelum dan sesudah melakukan kegiatan

belajar menggunakan modul ini.
2 Saya belajar menggunakan modul ini secara terjadwal

3 Saya mengerjakan modul ini sendiri tanpa bantuan
orang lain

4 Saya sudah memahami bentuk dan penggunaan
Personal

Letter dalam kehidupan sehari-hari
5 Saya dapat membuat Personal Letter dengan

sistematika yang

benar

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KEGIATAN PEMBELAJARAN 2 : MAKNA SURAT PRIBADI

A. Tujuan Pembelajaran

Setelah mempelajari materi dalam modul kegiatan pembelajaran 2 ini, kalian
diharapkan mampu menangkap makna secara kontekstual dari surat pribadi terkait
fungsi sosial, struktur teks dan unsur kebahasaan.
Dalam kegiatan pembelajaran 2 ini, kalian akan lebih dikenalkan pada contoh surat
pribadi yang disajikan dalam bentuk tulis dalam kegiatan membaca. Sebelum masuk
pada kegiatan tersebut, kalian akan diberikan sebuah contoh surat pribadi, sehingga
kalian akan lebih mudah memahaminya.

B. Uraian Materi

Ungkapan yang digunakan pada personal letters

Salutation
Dear, Dearest, Sweetheart, Darling,, My Dear, My Love, dan lain-lain
(Salutation choice depends on how well you know the person you are writing to)

Starting the letter
 How are you?
 Hope this letter finds you...
 Thank you for your last letter.
 It was so good to hear from you.
 Sorry for answering late
 I am sorry I should have written earlier...
 Haven't heard from you in a while so I thought...
 I am sorry to inform you that...

Closing
Yours, with love, sincerely yours, all the love, all the best, affectionately, much
love,best wishes, dan lain-lain.

Conclusion
 I am looking forward to seeing you soon.
 I am looking forward to hear from you soon.

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 My best wishes for the coming test.
 See you.
 I will write soon.
 I will have to stop now.
 I am waiting for a quick reply.
 Looking forward to see you again.
 Bye.

Setelah penjelasan-penjelasan tersebut, pasti akan muncul banyak pertanyaan dalam
benak kalian. Sebenarnya untuk apa Personal Letter ditulis atau apa tujuan
personal letter? Untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut, mari kita lihat jenis-jenis
personal letter.

Jenis Personal Letter

Personal letter terdiri dari:
1. Family Letter : Written to a family members to share recent news (ditulis
untukanggota keluarga yang bertujuan membagi berita terbaru).
2. Pen friend letter : Written to a pen friend ( sahabat pena ).
3. Fan Mails : Written to someone you idolise or admire (ditulis untuk
seseorangyang kamu idolakan atau kagumi )
4. Holiday/Celebration letter ( surat ucapan selamat berlibur / peringatan
haritertentu )
5. Farewell letter : Written to say goodbye to someone who is moing interstate or
overseas,or changing school (ditulis untuk mengucapkan selamat tinggal
kepada seseorang yang pindah negara bagian atau keluar pulau. Atau juga
pindah sekolah)
6. Get well letter : Written to wish someone a speedy recovery from illness.
(ditulisuntuk mengharapkan seseorang sebuah pemulihan yang cepat dari
sakit).
7. Congratulations letter ( surat ucapan selamat atas pencapaian prestasi tertentu )
8. Thank You letter
9. Love letter

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Modul Bahasa Inggris. Kelas XI. KD 3.6/4.6

C. Rangkuman

Berkomunikasi melalui surat menyurat selain perlu memperhatikan ungkapan –
ungkapan yang lazim dipakai dalam surat pribadi dan juga memperhatikan jenis
darisurat yang akan kita buat.

D. Penugasan Mandiri

Read again the expressions that are used in making Personal Letter, then answer these
questions below based on the text given !

Surabaya, February 1st, 2017

Dear Nathan
How are you? Hope everything is okay with you. I’m all right here.
We are going to have the national examination, aren’t we? Are you well prepared for
it? Well, to be honest, I just have some difficulties in preparing for it, especially in
Science. There are extra lessons in my school and I take them all. But, I feel that they
don’t help. I’m still confused in solving Mathematic problems. I’m just worried that I
fail the national examination. Do you have any suggestion for me? I really appreciate
your help.
I look forward to hearing from you.

Your buddy,
Rendy

1. What does the letter tell us about?
2. Why is Rendy worried that he may fail the national examination?
3. I’m still confused in solving Mathematic

problems.What does the word confused mean?
4. I’m just worried that I fail the national

examination.The antonym of the word fail is ….
5. Why did Rendy write the letter ?

E. Latihan Soal

Read again the expressions that are used in making Personal Letter, then answer
thequestion by analyzing the text.

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Dear Aunt Nia
Aunty, I have some good news for you. Last month I passed my final examination. A
week ago I succeeded to join in a senior high school English competition. Last night
my parents promised to send me to a famous English course in my town. They also
promised me if my scores in English are good, they’ll send me to a foreign university.
Great, isn’t it? I’ll work hard. I want to be a great pediatrician like you, Aunty.
Well, that’s all for now. Looking forward to having your news.
Love
Dewi

1. Dear Aunt Nia, we can say that it is as ……
2. Looking forward to having your news refers to …..
3. Aunty, I have some good news for you refers to ….
4. Looking forward to having your news refers to….
5. Love Dewi refers to ….

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Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.7-4.7

EVALUASI

A. Soal
Choose the best
answer!Text 1
Apt BLK 30, Eunos St. #05 – 116
Singapore 1441
2nd April 2009
Dear Liza,
I have received you letter asking me to meet you at your house this Sunday to
discuss the urgent matter you have. I regret however to say that it will not be
possible for me to see you on Sunday as I already have a previous appointment .
I shall see you on Monday next week at 5 p.m . Hoping the change of date will be
convenient to you .
Your sincerely
Daisy

1. What does the letter tell us about?
A. Liza’s problem
B. Liza’s appointment
C. Daisy’s previous letter to Liza
D. Daisy’s regret for not being able to come
E. A meeting held at Liza’s house

2. Why did Liza ask Daisy to come to her house?
A. Liza wanted Daisy to solve her problem
B. Daisy would discuss her problem with Liza
C. Liza persuaded Daisy to go somewhere
D. Daisy wanted to meet Liza’s family
E. Liza wanted to chat with Daisy

Text 2

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Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.7-4.7

Jl. Jambu 129 Bima
January 30th, 2017

Dear Frodi,
It was a real sorrow that I heard this morning of your great loss. I knew your
mother was ill, for your brother told me several weeks ago. However, as he at
that time did not seem to think the illness was very serious, the news of your
mother’s death came to me as a shock. You have my sincere and heartfelt
sympathy, my dear fellow, in your sorrow. I know you will feel it deeply, for you

always thought so much of your mother and loved her so truly. I feel it also as a
personal loss to myself, for your mother was always very kind to me. Her death
must be a terrible grief to your father, too. Please assure him of my sincere
sympathy.
Words, I know, are poor comforters. “The heart knows its own sorrow”, and in
such sorrows we are always alone. However, it is not mere words when I say
that I feel with you in your sorrow.

Your sincere friend,
Jean

3. What is the possible relation between the sender and the recipient?
A. Relatives
B. Employers
C. Friends
D. Siblings
E. Employees

4. From the letter we know that ….
A. Frodi’s mother was not ill before her death
B. Jean sent letter to Frodi several weeks ago
C. Jean was very sorrowful to send the letter to his mother
D. Jean had known Frodi’s mother before
E. Frodi is the only child in his family

5. You have my sincere and heartfelt sympathy, my dear fellow, in your sorrow.
Whatis the closest meaning of word sincere?
A. Real
B. Caring
C. Generous
D. Honest
E. Curious

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Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.7-4.7

Text 3

Dear Jonny,

Hello! How are you? I received your letter today. I am very excited to hear that
you are coming to stay with me for the holidays. I am sure we will have a lot of
fun together.
My parents have agreed to let you stay with me. They offered to pick you up at
the airport. All you have to do is to tell us when you are coming.
I will now tell you about some of the things you will experience here in Indonesia.
You do not have to worry about the local spicy food. We have a lot of

fast food restaurants here like the ones you have in England.
You can also shop for souvenirs to bring home. Sarinah or Blok M are our
famous shopping areas. They have many shops selling all kinds of things. I am
sure you will love them.
I am also planning to take you to a few tourist spots like miniature of Indonesia,
National monument, or Safari Garden. We can also go to the Ancol beach where
you can swim, play on the beach, and have picnics.
My family and I are looking forward to your coming. I hope to hear from you
soon. Good bye.

With love.
Nadim

6. What is the letter about?
A. Planning to stay and do some activities in Indonesia during holiday.
B. Buying in the fast food restaurant and shopping at Sarinah.
C. Going to buy souvenirs and going to tourist spots.
D. Planning to stay in Indonesia for the holidays.
E. Picking up at the airport when he comes.

7. What will probably Jonny buy for his lunch while he is in Indonesia?
A. Mixed vegetables with peanut chilly sauce.
B. Spicy food with chilly sauce.
C. Soup with hot black pepper.
D. Satay with hot pepper.
E. Non spicy food.

Text 4

17

Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.7-4.7

Jl. Flamboyan No. 89 Pemalang
February 2nd, 2009

Dear Intan
Intan, sorry I haven’t written to you for so long. We moved into a new
apartment last month and we’ve been really busy getting settled.
It’s a nice apartment. It is bigger than our old one. It’s big so there are a lot of
rooms to work in. It has a big living room, two bedrooms and two bathrooms.
Another thing I like is the kitchen.
The apartment is on a quiet street in a good neighborhood. There’s also a
shopping centre just down the street with a supermarket, some quite good
restaurants and some stores.
We really enjoy living here. Do come over and have a look next time you are in
the town. I’ll wait.

Love
Shinta

8. What is the letter about?
A. Shinta’s room.
B. Shinta’s business
C. Shinta’s new apartment
D. Intan and Shinta’s apartment
E. shopping centre near Shinta’s apartment

9. Why hasn’t Shinta written a letter to Intan for so long?
A. Because she was busy getting settled
B. Because she enjoyed living in an apartment
C. Because she was reluctant
D. Because she had to move into an apartment
E. Because she lived in an apartment

Text 5

18

Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.7-4.7

Surabaya, February 1st, 2014

Dear Igon
How are you? Hope everything is okay with you. I’m all right here.
We are going to have the national examination, aren’t we? Are you well
prepared for it? Well, to be honest, I just have some difficulties in preparing for
it, especially in science. There are extra lessons in my school and I take them all.
But, I feel that they don’t help. I’m still confused in solving mathematic
problems. I’m just worried that I fail the national examination. Do you have any
suggestion for me? I really appreciate your help.
I look forward to hearing from you.

Your buddy
Fahim

10. What does the letter tell us about?
A. Asking for a friend to teach mathematic
B. Giving a solution to a friend
C. Preparing for the national examination
D. Having extra lesson at school
E. Asking for a friend’s suggestion to solve a problem

11. Why is Fahim worried that he may fail the national examination?
A. There are extra lessons at Fahim’s school
B. He appreciated Igon’s help
C. He will have the national examination soon
D. His friends are all well prepared
E. He is confused in solving mathematic problem

12. I’m still confused in solving mathematic problems. The word confused means ….
A. Unable to think clearly
B. unable to perform well
C. unable to behave politely
D. Unable to speak fluently
E. unable to read quickly

13. I’m just worried that I fail the national examination. The antonym of word fail is
….
A. escape
B. predict
C. success
D. reach
E. underestimate

19

Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.7-4.7

Dear Susan,

It feels like such a long time since the last time I saw you. I know it’s only been
several weeks since I saw you. So far my summer has been great!
I spend my all my weekends at the beach. I am getting a nice tan and you can
no longer say I am paler than you. I have been playing lots of volleyball, surfing
and building a nice collection of sea shells. Just this past week-end I took second
place in a sandcastle building contest!
On the weekdays I work. I drive an ice cream truck around and sell ice cream to
the kids. It is so cool. It is a combination of the two things I love most, ice cream
and kids. The pay isn’t too great but I love the job so much.
I hope the summer’s been going well for you too. There’s only a month and a
half left in summer vacation and after that it’s back to school. Would you like to
meet up some time before school starts?

Your friend,

P.S. John Austin.

Text 6

14. The letter shows about ….
A. Spending time in summer
B. Happiness someone who meet her friends soon
C. The poor students in summer vacation
D. How to finished summer vacation
E. Missing old friend in summer

15. What is writer do on the weekdays?
A. She is getting a nice tan
B. Drive an ice cream truck around and sell ice
cream
C Spend her time with working
D. Playing lots of volleyball and surfing
E. Building a nice collection of sea shells

20

Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.7-4.7

CAUSE AND EFFECT
BAHASA INGGRIS - XI

A. Identitas Modul

Mata Pelajaran : Bahasa Inggris
Kelas : XI
Alokasi Waktu : 4 x 45 menit ( 2 x Pertemuan
)Judul Modul : Cause and Effect

B. Kompetensi Dasar

3.7. Menerapkan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan teks interaksi
transaksional lisan dan tulis yang melibatkan tindakan memberi dan meminta
informasi terkait hubungan sebab akibat, sesuai dengan konteks penggunaannya.
(Perhatikan unsur kebahasaan because of ..., due to ..., thanks to ...)

4.7 Menyusun teks interaksi transaksional lisan dan tulis yang melibatkan tindakan
memberi dan meminta informasi terkait hubungan sebab akibat, dengan
memperhatikan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan yang benar dan
sesuai konteks

C. Deskripsi Singkat Materi

Pada modul ini kalian akan diajak berlatih untuk mampu menerapkan
fungsi sosial, struktur teks dan unsur kebahasaan berupa kata yang menyatakan
hubungan sebab akibat: because of ..., due to ..., thanks to ..., Nomina singular dan
pluraldengan atau tanpa a, the, this, those, my, their, dsb. Juga Ucapan, tekanan kata,
intonasi,ejaan, tanda baca, dan tulisan tangan.
Hal ini dapat membantu kalian untuk dapat menyusun teks interaksi transaksional
lisan dan tulis yang melibatkan tindakan memberi dan meminta informasi terkait
hubungan sebab akibat, dengan memperhatikan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur
kebahasaan yang benar dan sesuai konteks

D. Materi Pembelajaran

Modul ini terbagi menjadi 2 kegiatan pembelajaran dan di dalamnya terdapat uraian
materi, contoh soal, soal latihan dan soal evaluasi.

Materi Pertama : Fungsi sosial, struktur teks dan unsur kebahasaan teks interaksi
transaksional lisan dan tulis yang melibatkan tindakan memberi
dan meminta informasi terkait hubungan sebab akibat, sesuai
dengan konteks penggunaannya.

Materi Kedua : Makna hubungan sebab dan akibat atau cause and effect sesuai
konteks.

21

Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.7-4.7

KEGIATAN PEMBELAJARAN 1

A. Tujuan Pembelajaran

Setelah kegiatan pembelajaran 1 ini kalian diharapkan mampu membedakan dan
menggunakan fungsi sosial, struktur teks dan unsur kebahasaan ungkapan sebab
akibat because of ..., due to ..., thanks to .. dalam percakapan sehari-hari sesuai
dengan konteks penggunaannya.

B. Uraian Materi

Perhatikan percakapan di bawah ini !

Pay close attention to the expalanation below !

22

Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.7-4.7

Kata penghubung sebab-akibat atau dalam bahasa Inggris disebut cause-effect
adalah kata penghubung yang menghubungkan sebuah sebab dan akibatnya. Ada dua
jeniskata penghubung yaitu:
1. Kata penghubung yang diikuti dengan clause

Kata penghubung yang diikuti dengan klausa/ clause adalah kata penghubung yang
memerlukan sebuah subject dan predicate dalam penulisannya. Kata penghubung
jenispertama ini antara lain:

a) Because
Sinta was absent because she got bad cold yesterday

b) Since
Jenny has decided to move to Surabaya since there are more opportunities for
employment in that city.

23

Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.7-4.7

c) As
The players delivered a splendid performance as they had rehearsed well

d) For
He could not get a seat for he came too late

e) As a result of
There are too many tasks, as a result most of the students are unhappy
andstressed.

2. Kata penghubung yang diikuti frasa / gerund

Kata penghubung yang diikuti frasa adalah kata hubung yang hanya diikuti
denganfrasa benda saja atau gerund tanpa ada predicate atau verb di dalamnya.
Kata penghubung jenis kedua ini antara lain:

a) Due to
Due to driving while drunk, his driving license was seized by the police

b) Because of
The teacher got angry because of the students’ disobedience

c) Owing to
Owing to her hard work, she passed the SBMPTN entrancestest

d) Thanks to
Thanks to their good plan, the event ran well.

We can mention the cause first, then the effect.
e.g. A tsunami causes disturbances.

We can also mention the effect first, then the cause.
e.g. A tsunami is caused by the displacement of a large volume of a body of water

C. Rangkuman

Menggabungkan dua kalimat yang berkaitan dengan sebab akibat membutuhkan
kata penghubung cause and effect conjunction. Menulis dan berbicara dalam
bahasa Inggris tentang sebab akibat ini disebut cause effect relationship. Ada
kalimat yang menjadi penyebab dan juga ada kalimat yang menjadi akibat.

D. Penugasan Mandiri

Match the words in the left column with the word in the right one so that they show a

relationship.

1. Global warming A. Anopheles Mosquito bite

2. Accident B. Lack of rain

3. Malaria C. Economic crisis
4. Flood D. Broken home
5. Juvenile delinquency E. Ozone depletion
6. Drought F. Lack of vitamin

7. Water pollution G. Careless driving

8. Unemployment H. Plastic waste
9. Avitaminosis I. Misunderstanding

10. Chaos J. Barren forest

24

Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.7-4.7

Based on your answer, make a sentence showing a cause and effect relationship.
Numberone is done for you.

1. Global warming is caused by ozone depletion

2.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………..

3.
……………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………..

4.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………..

5.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………..

6.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………..

7.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………..

8.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………..

9.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………..

10.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………..

E. Latihan Soal

Do these exercises below by completing the sentences using Because or Because of
!

1. I can not come to your house it is rain
2. I am afraid a ghost
3. Sinta makes a cake her mom likes it
4. we will join that community _you
5. _we never realize him anymore in our life
6. I don’t bring an umbrella it is not rain
7. That girl is so smart _she never be lazy to study
8. Diana can not come to the party _her mom never let her
9. My life has changed and it is you

25

Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.7-4.7

10. I let him to go _ I care with you
11. we were bored _the space was too long
12. We decided to stay at office the weather was bad
13. the weather was bad, she stayed at office
14. she lets me go she never care with me
15. I am not happy _the film is not so good
16. Alex was worried the rain
17. we were bored the speech
18. I am so happy I always with you here
19. _this cake, he loves me so much
20. I will wear a jacket the weather was so cold.

26

Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.7-4.7

KEGIATAN PEMBELAJARAN 2

A. Tujuan Pembelajaran

Setelah kegiatan pembelajaran 2 ini, kalian diharapkan dapat menyusun teks yang
berisi hubungan sebab dan akibat , dan melengkapi cause dan effect berdasarkan
situasi yang diberikan.

B. Uraian Materi

27

Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.7-4.7

C. Rangkuman

Penggunaan dari because of ..., due to ..., thanks to .. semuanya berdasarkan pada
situasi dan kondisi yang diperlukan untuk membuat munculnya hubungan sebab
dan akibat. Dengan memperhatikan unsur dan ciri kebahasaan yang telah dipelajari
di atas , maka pastikan Kalian akan memberikan alasan yang memang masuk akal
dan logika.

28

Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.7-4.7

D. Penugasan Mandiri

Read the following sentences. Decide if the words in bold are the cause or the effect.
Write cause or effect on the line. Then underline the signal word or phrase. Number
1 is done for you.

1) Early man used weapons because they needed to find

food.Cause : They needed to find food

Effect : Early man used

weaponsSignal Word : Because

2) The glaciers began to melt; therefore, the land bridge between Asia and

NorthAmerica became flooded.

Cause :
…………………………………………………………………………………..

Effect :
…………………………………………………………………………………..

Signal Word :
…………………………………………………………………………………..

3) Because they wanted to learn about different civilization that

existed,archeologists studied artifacts.

Cause :
…………………………………………………………………………………..

Effect :
…………………………………………………………………………………..

Signal Word :
…………………………………………………………………………………..

4) Early man slowly started to grow food, and as a resukt, their lives became

easier.Cause :
…………………………………………………………………………

………..

Effect :
…………………………………………………………………………………..

Signal Word :
…………………………………………………………………………………..
5) My sister was very tired because she stayed up past midnight.

Cause :
…………………………………………………………………………………..

Effect :
…………………………………………………………………………………..

Signal Word :
…………………………………………………………………………………..

E. Latihan Soal

Read the cause. Write the effect . Then write the complete sentence using the signal

word. Number 1 has been done for you.
1) Cause
: It was very windy

Effect : All the flights were cancelled

Sentence : It was very windy; therefore, all the flights were cancelled
2) Cause : She ate too much

Effect :
……………………………………………………………………………………

29

Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.7-4.7

…

Sentence :
……………………………………………………………………………………
…
3) Cause
: I ran out of money

Effect :
……………………………………………………………………………………
…

Sentence :
……………………………………………………………………………………
…
4) Cause
: He is afraid to fly

Effect :
……………………………………………………………………………………
…

Sentence :
……………………………………………………………………………………
…
5) Cause
: After the car accident

Effect :
……………………………………………………………………………………
…

Sentence :
……………………………………………………………………………………
…

Read the sentences then find the cause and effect. The first one has been done for
you.

1) The milk spilled all over the floor, so Jane got a mop and cleaned it up.

Cause : Milk spilled
Effect : Jane mopped
2) Siti has planned a trip to her uncle’s house because she loves her cousins.
Cause :
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………
Effect :
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………
3) The green house gases trap the heat in the air, so the Earth becomes
warmer.Cause :
………………………………………………………………………………
…………………
Effect :
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………
4) Because the Sumatran tigers were almost extinct, the Indonesian
Governmentdeclared them as endangered species .
Cause :
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………
Effect :
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………

30

Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.7-4.7

5) Animals are becoming extinct because human are moving into their
habitats.Cause :
……………………………………………………………………………
……………………
Effect :
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………

31

Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.7-4.7

EVALUASI

A. Choose the best answer it is raining.

1. I am staying at home

a. Due to
b. Owing to
c. Because
d. Because of
e. Thanks to

2. I am staying at home _ the rain.

a. Due to
b. Because
c. Since
d. For
e. As

3. Many species of wildlife are becoming extinct, the rain forests are
being destroyed.

a. therefore
b. since
c. so
d. consequently
e. as a result

4. The flight is postponed the weather is bad.

a. therefore
b. since
c. so
d. consequently
e. owing to

5. The flight is postponed _ bad weather.

a. Because of
b. Because
c. Therefore
d. For
e. Since

B. Complete the sentences by using the word because or becauseof

1. We stayed at home _ the cold weather

2. I will have to rent a car my car was stolen
3. She didn’t go to the supermarket
_ her sickness

4. You’ll need a flashlight when you go dow into the basement the

lightsdon’t work

32

Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.7-4.7

5. I am going to ask my friend if I can borrow his calculator fot the tomorrow exam

_ I lost mine

6. All the flights were cancelled the harsh weather conditions.

7. Diane missed her flight _ a traffic delay on her way to the airport.

8. Gareth could pass the examination he studied hard.

9. He lost his driving licence he was convicted of drinking and driving

10. He’s very difficult to understand his accent.

C. Choose a topic by writing the causes on the roots of the tree and the effects on the

branches. After that, write a paragraph telling your topic. Use some expression
showing the cause andeffect relationship,

………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………

33

Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.7-4.7

………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………

34

Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.8

Mata Pelajaran : Bahasa Inggris
Kelas : XI
Alokasi Waktu : 4 Jam Pelajaran
Judul Modul : Tell Me How and Why

A. Kompetensi Dasar

3. 8. Membedakan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan beberapa teks
explanation lisan dan tulis dengan memberi dan meminta informasi terkait gejala
alam atau sosial yang tercakup dalam mata pelajaran lain di kelas XI, sesuai
dengan konteks penggunaannya

4.8. Menangkap makna secara kontekstual terkait fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur
kebahasaan teks explanation lisan dan tulis, terkait gejala alam atau sosial yang
tercakup dalam mata pelajaran lain di kelas XI

B. Deskripsi Singkat Materi

Salam sehat, Anak-anak.
Kalian pasti pernah harus menjelaskan dalam bahasa Inggris proses dan penyebab
gunung meletus, proses dan penyebab hujan turun begitu deras, proses dan penyebab
bencana alam tsunami, dan banyak lagi fenomena alam lainya. Pembahasan tentang
cara menjelaskan bagaimana dan mengapa semua fenomena alam itu dapat terjadi,
akan Kalian pelajari dalam modul ini, baik struktur teks, unsur kebahasaan maupun
fungsi sosialnya. Teks yang akan Kalian pelajari adalah Explanation text.

Explanation text is a non-fiction text which describes a process, for example, the
water cycle and so on. Teks ini menjelaskan tentang suatu proses. An explanation is
written toexplain how and why something in the world happens. It is about actions
rather than about thing. Explanation text berfungsi untuk menjelaskan proses dan
penyebab terjadinya suatu peristiwa atau suatu hal secara detail.

Pada modul ini Kalian juga akan diajak berlatih untuk dapat memberikan latar
belakang dan menjelaskan proses terjadinya fenomena alam tersebut dengan
menggunakan unsur kebahasaan dan struktur yang benar. Untuk mencapai
Kompetensi Dasar (KD) ini Kalian perlu berlatih lebih banyak dalam berinteraksi
lisan dan tulis terkait Explanation Text yang banyak terjadi dalam kehidupan sehari-
hari di lingkungan Kalian. Untuk mengetahui kemajuan belajar Kalian, perlu
dilakukan penilaian otentik antara lain unjuk kerja dalam bentuk teks Explanation
untuk kemudian dikumpulkan dalam portofolio masing-masing.

C. Petunjuk Penggunaan Modul

1. Modul kita ini terdiri dari dua kegiatan belajar. Masing- masing terdiri dari
kegiatan mempelajari materi dan kegiatan mengerjakan latihan.

2. Pelajari materi dengan baik.
3. Setelah Kalian memahami materi pembelajaran dan merasa mampu, kerjakan

soal latihan untuk menilai pemahaman Kalian terhadap materi pertama.
4. Cocokan jawaban Kalian dengan kunci jawaban yang tersedia. Apabila nilai

Kalian masih belum memuaskan menurut Kalian, baca sekali lagi materi dan
kerjakan kembali soal latihan tersebut.
5. Kemudian pelajari materi berikutnya dan kerjakan latihannya.

6. Kerjakan evaluasi untuk mengetahui pemahaman Anda terhadap penguasaan
KD.Selamat belajar.

[Type here]

Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.8

D. Materi Pembelajaran

Modul ini terbagi menjadi 2 kegiatan pembelajaran
1. Materi pertama yaitu tentang fungsi sosial, struktur teks dan unsur kebahasaan

dari sebuah teks Explanasi atau Explanation Text, dan di dalamnya terdapat uraian
materi, contoh teks, latihan dan evaluasi.
Fungsi Sosial: Menjelaskan, memberi gambaran alasan terjadinya suatu
fenomenaStruktur teks: Mencakup fenomena, identitas gejala dan rangkaian
penjelasan Unsur Kebahasaan: adverbia (first, then, following, finally),
hubungan sebab-akibat(if –then, so, as a consequence, since, due to, because
of, thanks to, Kalimat pasifdalam tenses yang presen, Ucapan, tekanan kata,
intonasi, ejaan, tanda baca, dantulisan tangan
2. Materi kedua yaitu tentang bagaimana cara merancang teks eksplanasi,
menggunakan kalimat pasif yang benar, dan menyusun sebuah teks eksplanasi
sederhana. Kalian akan banyak berlatih tentang teks eksplanasi baik secara lisan
ataupun tulisan.

KEGIATAN PEMBELAJARAN 1: FUNGSI SOSIAL, STRUKTURTEKS DAN
UNSUR KEBAHASAAN TEKS EKSPLANASI

A. Tujuan Pembelajaran

Setelah Kegiatan Pembelajaran 1 ini diharapkan Kalian terampil dan dapat
membedakan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan beberapa teks
explanation lisan dan tulis dengan memberi dan meminta informasi terkait gejala
alamatau sosial yang terjadi di sekitar lingkungan Kalian.
Dalam kegiatan pembelajaran 1 ini, Kalian akan dikenalkan pada contoh Explanation
Text yang disajikan dalam bentuk tulis pada kegiatan membaca.

B. Uraian Materi

Pada bagian ini Kalian akan mempelajari tentang pengertian Explanation Text. Apa
yang dimaksud dengan Explanation Text? Yang dimaksud dengan Explanation Text
adalah teks yang digunakan untuk menerangkan cara atau proses terjadinya sesuatu,
terutama yang berkaitan dengan fenomena alam, dunia ilmiah atau sosial budaya.
An explanation is written to explain how and why something in the world happens.
It is about actions rather than about thing. Explanation text berfungsi untuk
menjelaskan proses dan penyebab terjadinya suatu peristiwa atau suatu hal secara
detail. Sebuah Explanation text biasanya berasal dari pertanyaan terkait why dan how
terhadap suatufenomena yang ada.
Dapat disimpulkan bahwa tujuan Explanation Text yaitu untuk menerangkan proses-
proses yang terjadi dalam pembentukan sesuatu atau kegiatan yang terkait dengan
fenomena-fenomena alam, sosial, ilmu pengetahuan, budaya, dan lainnya yang
bertujuan menjelaskan mengapa dan bagaimana hal tersebut bisa terjadi.
Struktur teks / Generic Structure sebuah explanation text terdiri atas General
Statement, Sequenced Explanation dan Closing atau Concluding Statement.

[Type here]

Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.8

Practice 1:

Read the following text carefully and answer the questions below.

EARTHQUAK Title
ES

Earthquakes being the most deadly natural hazards strike General Statement

without any prior warning leaving catastrophe in their wake

with terrible loss of human lives as well as economic loss.

Technically, an earthquake (also known as tremor, quake or Sequenced
temblor) is a kind of vibration through earth’s crust. These Explanation

powerful movements trigger a rapid release of energy that

creates seismic waves that travel through the earth.

Earthquakes are usually brief, but may repeat over a long

period of time (earth science 2001).

Earthquakes are classified as large and small. Large

earthquakes usually begin with slight tremors but rapidly take

form of violent shock. The vibrations from a large earthquake

last for few days known as aftershocks. Small earthquakes are

usually slight tremors and do not cause much damage. Large

earthquakes are known to take down buildings and cause death

and injury (Richter 1935). According to some statistics, there

may be an average of 500,000 earthquakes every year but only

about 100,000 can be felt and about 100 or so can cause damage

each year.

Earthquakes are dreaded by everyone. Closing atau
Concluding Statement

Apakah Kalian sudah membaca teks di atas dengan baik? Kalian dapat membaca dalam
hatidan atau dengan nyaring. Ulangi dua atau tiga kali sampai benar-benar lancar dalam
membacanya dan Kalian memahami isi teks tersebut.
Nah, sekarang Kalian tentu sudah paham isi teks eksplanasi tadi, bukan? Good job. Ayo,
sekarang kita analisa kembali teks di atas terkait fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan ciri
kebahasaannya dengan menjawab pertanyaan berikut.

Questions:
1. What does the text mostly talk about?
2. What is paragraph 1 about?
3. What do paragraph 2 and 3 discuss on?
4. What does paragraph 4 tell us about?
5. What does the writer write the text for?
6. What kind of tense does the text mostly use?

Kalian pasti dapat menjawab pertanyaan–pertanyaan tadi dengan baik. Untuk
lebihmeyakin Kalian, mari kita bahas dan kerjakan bersama-sama.

1. What does the text mostly talk about?
Dari judul teks di atas kita bisa melihat bahwa penulis akan memberikan informasi
tentang earthquake. Maka jawabannya: The text mostly talks about earthquake.

2. What is paragraph 1 about?
Di paragraf 1 dijelaskan tentang apa itu gempa bumi. Paragraf ini berisi
penjelasanumum tentang gempa bumi. Maka jawabannya: Paragraph 1 is about

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Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.8

the descriptionof earthquake.
3. What do paragraph 2 and 3 discuss on?

Di paragraf 2 dan 3 dijelaskan tentang bagaimana proses gempa bumi terjadi.
Makajawabannya: Paragraph 2 is about how earthquake happens.
4. What does paragraph 4 tell us about?
Paragraf 4 berisi pendapat / kesimpulan dari penulis. Maka jawabannya:
Paragraph4 is about the writer opinion toward earthquake.
5. What does the writer write the text for?
Tujuan teks eksplanasi bisa dilihat bagaimana penulis memberikan informasi di
setiap paragrafnya. Di setiap paragraph dari teks di atas, dijelaskan mengenai
bagaimana earthquake bisa terjadi.
Maka jawabannya: The writer writes the text to explain how and why an
earthquakehappens to the readers
6. What kind of tense does the text mostly use?
Berdasar kata kerja yang digunakan dalam teks diatas, (strike, trigger, travel,
begin, take, cause, dll.) dapat disimpulkan bahwa sebagian besar tense yang
digunakan adalah present tense. Maka jawabannya: The text mostly uses present
tense.

Practice 2:
Read and understand the explanation below. Then, rewrite this explanation on your
notebooks using your own language.

Structure of Explanation Text

Social Function An Explanation text is used to describe how and
why a certain phenomenon happens

Generic Structure 1. A Tittle that identifies the topic to be
explained

2. AGeneral Statement
3. A sequenced Explanation ( a clear order about

how and why )
4. Closing / Concluding Statement

Linguistic 1. Focused on general group rather than specific
Features 2. Use a linking word like, in general , rather, for

[Type here] instance
3. Use action verbs like breaks, erupts
4. Use Present tense
5. Use Passive voice
6. Reference to people should not be given

7. Use of technical terms and language relevants to
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Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.8

C. Rangkuman

Sekarang Kalian perhatikan penjelasan di bawah ini, agar pemahaman Kalian tentang
Explanation text lebih mendalam.
STRUKTUR EXPLANATION TEXT

A general statement
Yaitu pengenalan suatu peristiwa yang akan kita ceritakan. Atau penjelasan umum
tentang peristiwa tersebut. Dalam general statement berisi tentang penjelasan umum
tentang fenomena yang akan dibahas, bisa berupa pengenalan fenomena tersebut atau
penjelasannya.

Sequenced explanations
Yaitu penjelasan mengapa dan bagaimana peristiwa itu terjadi. Dalam bagian ini penulis
dapat menulis lebih dari satu paragraf. Sequenced explanations berisi tentang penjelasan
proses mengapa fenomena tersebut bisa terjadi atau tercipta. Sequenced explanations
berupa jawaban dari pertanyaan why dan how penulis ketika membuat sebuah explanation
text. Sequenced explanations bisa terdiri lebih dari satu paragraf.

Closing / Concluding Statement
Yaitu penutup atau kesimpulan dari cerita tersebut. Sebenarnya closing itu tidak tercantum
dalam generic structure dari explanation text, tetapi kebanyakan orang beranggapan
bahwa paragrap terakhir dari sebuah explanation text adalah closing, padahal itu
merupakan bagian dari sequenced explanations yang berisi tentang langkah akhir yang
dijelaskan padabagian sequenced explanations.
CIRI-CIRI KEBAHASAAN
Unsur Kebahasaan

- Adverbia first, then, following, finally
- Hubungan sebab-akibat (if –then, so, as a consequence, since, due to, because of,

thanks to
- Kalimat pasif, dalam tenses yang present
- Ucapan, tekanan kata, intonasi, ejaan, tanda baca, dan tulisan tangan
TOPIK
Benda-benda non manusia, seperti air, penguapan, hujan dengan paparan
yangmenumbuhkan perilaku yang termuat dalam KI

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Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.8

D. Penugasan Mandiri

Agar lebih mahir dalam menangkap makna berbagai teks eksplanasi, mari berlatih
untukmemahami makna dari teks berikut ini.
Answer these questions below based on the text given correctly.

Tsunami
Tsunami occurs when major fault under the ocean floor suddenly slips. The
displaced rock pushes water above it like a giant paddle, producing powerful water
waves at the ocean surface. The ocean waves spread out from the vicinity of the
earthquake source and move across the ocean until they reach the coastline, where
their height increases as they reach the continental shelf, the part of the earth crust that
slopes, or rises, from the ocean floor up to the land.
A tsunami washes ashore with often disastrous effects such as severe flooding,
loss of lives due to drowning and damage to property.
A tsunami is a very large sea wave that is generated by a disturbance along the ocean
floor. This disturbance can be an earthquake, a landslide, or a volcanic eruption. A
tsunami is undetectable far out in the ocean, but once it reaches shallow water, this fast
traveling wave grows very large.

1. Tsunami happens because ….
2. What are the impacts of tsunami ?
3. Mention the disturbance of tsunami!
4. From second paragraph we know that ….
5. The text mostly tells us about ….

E. Latihan Soal

Choose the best option A, B, C , D or E !
Teks Eksplanasi 1:
Recycling is a collection, processing, and reuse of materials that would otherwise
be thrown away. Materials ranging from precious metals to broken glass, from old
newspapers to plastic spoons, can be recycled. The recycling process reclaims the
original material and uses it in new products.
In general, using recycled materials to make new products costs less and requires
less energy than using new materials. Recycling can also reduce pollution, either

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Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.8

by reducing the demand for high-pollution alternatives or by minimizing the
amount of pollution produced during the manufacturing process.

Paper products that can be recycled include cardboard containers, wrapping
paper, and office paper. The most commonly recycled paper product is newsprint.
In newspaper recycling, old newspapers are collected and searched for
contaminants such as plastic bags and aluminum foil. The paper goes to a
processing plant where it is mixed with hot water and turned into pulp in a
machine that works much like a big kitchen blender. The pulp is screened and
filtered to remove smaller contaminants. The pulp then goes to a large vat where
the ink separates from the paper fibers and fl oats to the surface. The ink is
skimmed off, dried and reused as ink or burned as boiler fuel. The cleaned pulp is
mixed with new wood fibers to be made into paper again.

Experts estimate the average office worker generates about 5 kg of wastepaper
per month. Every ton of paper that is recycled saves about 1.4 cu m ( about 50 cu ft
) of landfill space. One ton of recycled paper saves 17 pulpwood trees ( trees used
to produce paper ).

1. The following things can be recycled, EXCEPT….
A. Precious metals
B. Broken glass
C. Old newspapers
D. Plastic spoons
E. Fresh vegetables and fruits

2. Which of the following is NOT the benefit of recycling?
A. It costs much money for the process of recycling
B. It costs less to make new products
C. It requires less energy
D. It can reduce pollution
E. It reduces the demand for high-pollution alternatives

3. What is the third step of recycling paper products?
A. Collect and search for contaminants such as plastic bags and
aluminiumfoil
B. Mix the paper with hot water in a blender which turns it into pulp
C. Screen and filter the pulp to remove smaller contaminants
D. Put the pulp to a large vat to separate the ink from the paper fibres
E. Mix the pulp with new wood fibres to be made into paper again

4. We can make use of the ink after being separated from the paper fibres by
doingthe followings, EXCEPT….
A. Skim it off
B. Dry it
C. Reuse as ink
D. Burn as boiler fuel
E. Mix it with the pulp

Teks Eksplanasi 2

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Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.8

Human body is made up of countless millions of cells. Food is needed to built up
new cells and replace the worn out cells. However, the food that we take must be
changed into substances that can be carried in the blood to the places where they
are needed. This process is called digestion.
The first digestive process takes place in the mouth. The food we eat is broken up
into small pieces by the action of teeth, mixed with saliva, a juice secreted by glands
in the mouth. Saliva contains digestive juice which moisten the food, so it can be
swallowed easily.

From the mouth, food passes through the esophagus (the food passage) into the
stomach. Here, the food is mixed with the juices secreted by the cells in the stomach
for several hours. Then the food enters the small intestine. All the time the muscular
walls of the intestine are squeezing, mixing and moving the food onwards.

In a few hours, the food changes into acids. These are soon absorbed by the villi
(microscopic branch projections from the intestine walls) and passed into the
bloodstream.

5. What is the text about?
A. The digestive system
B. The digestive juice
C. The method of the digestive system
D. The process of intestine work
E. The food substances

6. How can we swallow the food easily?
A. The food changes into acids absorbed by the villi.
B. The food must be digested first through the process.
C. The food is directly swallowed through esophagus into the stomach.
D. The food is mixed with the juices secreted by the cells in the stomach.
E. The food we take must be changed into substances carried in the blood
tothe places.

7. From the text above, we imply that ….
A. a good process of digestive system will help our body becoming healthier.
B. no one concerned with the process of digestive system for their health.
C. the digestive system is needed if we are eating the food instantly.
D. every body must conduct the processes of digestive system well.
E. the better we digest the food we eat, the healthier we will be.

8. Human body is made up of countless millions of cells.
(Paragraph 1)The phrase made up means ….
A. Produced
B. Managed
C. Arranged
D. Completed
E. Constructed

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Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.8

Teks Eksplanasi 3

Have you ever wondered how people get chocolate from? In this article we’ll
enter the amazing world of chocolate so you can understand exactly what you’re
eating.

Chocolate starts with a tree called the cacao tree. This tree grows in equatorial
regions, especially in places such as South America, Africa, and Indonesia. The cacao
tree produces a fruit about the size of a small pine apple. Inside the fruit are the
tree’s seeds, also known as cocoa beans.

The beans are fermented for about a week, dried in the sun and then shipped to
the chocolate maker. The chocolate maker starts by roasting the beans to bring out
the flavour. Different beans from different places have different qualities and flavor,
so they are often sorted and blended to produce a distinctive mix. Next, the roasted
beans are winnowed. Winnowing removes the meat nib of the cacao bean from its
shell. Then, the nibs are blended. The blended nibs are ground to make it a liquid.
The liquid is called chocolate liquor. It tastes bitter. All seeds contain some amount
of fat, and cacao beans are not different. However, cacao beans are half fat, which
is why the ground nibs form liquid. It’s pure bitter chocolate.

9. The text is about ….
A. the cacao tree
B. the cacao beans
C. the raw chocolate
D. the making of chocolate
E. the flavour of chocolate

10. The third paragraph focuses on ….
A. the process of producing chocolate
B. how to produce the cocoa flavour
C. where chocolate comes from
D. the chocolate liquor
E. the cacao fruit

11. …so they are often sorted and blended to produce … (Paragraph 3.) The word sorted
has the closest meaning to ….
A. Arranged
B. Combined
C. Separated
D. Distributed
E. Organized

12. How does the chocolate maker start to make chocolate?
A. By fermenting the beans.
B. By roasting the beans
C. By blending the beans.
D. By sorting the beans.
E. By drying the beans

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Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.8

Teks Eksplanasi 4
What is photosynthesis? Photosynthesis is a food-making process that occurs in
green plants. It is the chief function of leaves. The word photosynthesis means
putting together with light. Green plants use energy from light to combine
carbon dioxide and water to make sugar and other chemical compounds.
How is the light used in photosynthesis?

The light used in photosynthesis is absorbed by a green pigment called
chlorophyll. Each food-making cell in a plant leaf contains chlorophyll in small
bodies called chloroplasts. In chloroplast, light energy causes water drawn form
the soil to split into hydrogen and oxygen.

What are the steps of photosynthesis process? Let me tell you the process of
photosynthesis, in a series of complicated steps, the hydrogen combines with
carbon dioxide from the air, forming a simple sugar. Oxygen from the water
molecules is given off in the process. From sugar together with nitrogen,
sulphur, and phosporus from the soil-green plants can make starch, fat, protein,
vitamins, and other complex compounds essential for life. Photosynthesis
provides the chemical energy that is needed to produced these compounds.

13. What step after the hydrogen combines with carbon dioxide from the air …
A. Photosynthesis provides the chemical energy that is needed to
producedthese compounds.
B. Water drawn form the soil to split into hydrogen and oxygen.
C. Food-making process that occurs in green plants.
D. Phosporus from the soil-green plants can make starch, fat,
protein,vitamins, and other complex compounds essential for
life.
E. Oxygen from the water molecules is given off in the process.

14. What are photosynthesis need ….
A. Water, light, oxygen, worm
B. Soil, chlorophyll, sun, human
C. Bug, air, oxigen, food
D. Light, Carbon dioxide, humus
E. Candle, vitamins, hydrogen

15. What the product of photosynthesis ….
A. Sugar
B. Food and O2
C. Root
D. Food
E. Branch

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Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.8

F. Penilaian Diri
Sebelum kita melanjutkan kegiatan belajar kita, ayo kita lakukan refleksi terhadap

pembelajaran kita kali ini dengan memilih pernyataan berikut sesuai apa yang Kalian
rasakan.
SS = Sangat Setuju
S = Setuju
TS = Tidak Setuju
STS = Sangat Tidak Setuju

No Pernyataa SS S TS STS
n

1 Saya berdoa sebelum dan sesudah melakukan kegiatan
belajar menggunakan modul ini.

2 Saya belajar menggunakan modul ini secara terjadwal

3 Saya mengerjakan modul ini sendiri tanpa bantuan
orang lain

4 Saya sudah memahami fungsi social, struktur ,
dan cirikebahasaan dari teks explanation.

5 Saya dapat menjelaskan secara lisan bagaimana dan
mengapafenomena alam disekitar saya, dapat terjadi

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Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.8

KEGIATAN PEMBELAJARAN 2: KALIMAT PASIF DALAMTEKS
EKSPLANASI

A. Tujuan Pembelajaran

Setelah Kegiatan Pembelajaran 2 ini diharapkan Kalian diharapkan mampu:
1. Merancang teks eksplanasi sederhana
2. Menggunakan kalimat pasif dalam tense yang benar
3. Menulis teks eksplanasi sederhana

B. Uraian Materi

Pada Kegiatan Pembelajaran 2 ini Kalian akan berlatih menyusun teks eksplanasi
sederhana. Agar Kalian terampil menulis teks eksplanasi tersebut dalam bahasa
Inggris, mari berlatih menulis. Tetapi sebelum itu, Kalian harus mempelajari lagi
unsurkebahasaan yang ada dalam teks tersebut. Coba Kalian baca dan pahami uraian
materiberikut ini

Mudah bukan untuk memahami konsep di atas? Good. Setelah Kalian mempelajari
dan paham tentang piranti dalam menulis teks eksplanasi di atas, saatnya Kalian
membuatdraft teks eksplanasi dengan bantuan writing organizer dibawah ini. Kalian
juga harusmempelajari dan memahami deskripsi dari sebuah teks eksplanasi.

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Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.8

C. Rangkuman

Untuk memudahkan Kalian mengingat dan memahami uraian materi pada
KegiatanPembelajaran 2 ini, bacalah rangkuman berikut ini.
1. Dalam menyusun teks eksplanasi ada unsur kebahasaan yang harus

diperhatikanyaitu: penggunaan kalimat pasif dan tense.
Rules for changing Active Voice to Passive one:

a) Identify the Subject, the Verb and the Object
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Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.8

b) Change the subject into Subject
c) Put the suitable helping verb or auxiliary verb. In case the helping verb is

given, use the same verb but note that the helping verb given agrees with
theObject.
d) Change the Verb into the past participle form
e) Add the preposition by
f) Change the Subject into
ObjectExamples:
a) A letter is written by me.
b) American was discovered by Columbus
c) Macbeth was written by Shakespeare
d) The door was opened by his son
e) The new ideas were suggested by Edo
2. Pahami deskripsi penyusunan teks eksplanasi yang benar.
3. Buatlah draft dengan bantuan writing organizer agar teks yang dihasilkan
benarsesuai dengan fungsi sosial, struktur teks dan unsur kebahasaan sebuah
teks eksplanasi.

D. Penugasan Mandiri

Untuk lebih memahami tentang penggunaan kalimat pasif yang benar, ayo kita
cobakerjakan latihan soal berikut ini.
Choose the right passive voice form!
1. Mommy cleans the room every day.

A. The room was clean by mommy every day
B. The room is clean by mommy every day
C. The room is cleaned by mommy every day
D. Mommy is cleaned the room every day
E. The room was being cleaned by mommy every day
2. My uncle fixed the toy yesterday. The passive voice of the sentence is ….
A. My uncle was fixed the toy yesterday
B. The toy was fixed by my uncle yesterday
C. The toy was fix by my uncle yesterday
D. My uncle was being fixed the toy yesterday
E. The toy had been fixed by my uncle yesterday

3. Joe has taken a Mandarin course.
A. Joe has been taken a Mandarin course
B. A Mandarin course taken by Joe
C. A Mandarin course has been taken by Joe
D. Mandarin courses have taken by Joe
E. Mandarin course will be taken by Joe

4. In the 1920’s, this TV ….
A. is manufactured
B. was manufactured
C. will be manufactured
D. is going to manufactured
E. would manufacture

5. She … to my wedding party.
A. are invited
B. have been invited
C. has been invited

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Modul Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI KD 3.8

D. invited
E. has invited

6. Her first novel … tomorrow morning.
A. is launched
B. was launched
C. will be launched
D. has launched
E. have launched

.
1. Give the generic structure of the text below by giving the name for

everyparagraph in boxes given.
Generic Structure Explanation Text

Biodiesel is a clean burning substitute for petroleum based
dieselfuel. Biodiesel is made of vegetable oil
To make or manufacture Biodiesel, you must first start with
rawmaterials. The raw materials needed in the production of
Biodiesel are a small amount of methanol and a ready
supply of vegetable product. One of the most common
vegetables used inthe production of Biodiesel is corn,
although depending on the geographic location of the
manufacturing facility many other plants are used as well
(rapeseed, soybeans, flaxseed, etc.). The first step is to use
the raw vegetable product to make vegetable
oil. Vegetable oil by itself will not be what you need to
power acar, from here it has to be processed into
Biodiesel.
The process for converting vegetable oil into Biodiesel is
sometimes called ester interchange. To complete this process
thevegetable oil has to be combined with a smaller amount of
methanol and then put in the presence of a small quantity of
an alkaline catalyst (for example, 5% to 1% sodium
hydroxide).
Vegetable oil is made up of so-called triglycerides, which is
a compound of the trivalent alcohol glycerin with three fatty
acids.The goal of ester interchange is to separate the
glycerin molecule from the three fatty acids and replace it
with three
methanol molecules
This process then yields roughly 90% Biodiesel and 10% of a
glycerin byproduct. The glycerin byproduct can be used in a
number of other chemical processes for different industries.

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