PNEUMATIC STRUCTURE SIR SARVINDER SINGH A/L HACHARAM SINGH NAME REG.NO CLASS TUAN MUHAMMAD FAIZ BIN TUAN ZAINUDIN 01DSB22F1013 DSB4A : : : LECTURER : SESSION : 2 2023 / 2024 MUHAMMAD HAKIM BIN ZULKIFLI 01DSB22F1015
1.ABOUT AUTHORS 2.THE BUILDING 3.STRCUTURAL SYSTEM 4.MATERIALS 5.CONSTRUCTION DETAIL 6.LOAD ANALYSIS 7.CONSTRUCTION PROCESS 8.REFERENCES CONTENT
MUHAMMAD HAKIM BIN ZULKEFLI ABOUT AUTHOR TUAN MUHAMMAD FAIZ BIN TUAN ZAINUDIN POLYTECHNIC UNGKU OMAR STUDENTS POLYTECHNIC UNGKU OMAR STUDENTS 01DSB22F1015 01DSB22F1013
NAME OF BUILDING : THE EDEN PROJECT TYPE COMPLEX : MULTIPLE GREENHOUSE ARCHITECTURAL STYLE : INSPIRED BY JAMES T. BALDWIN'S PILLOW DOME LOCATION : ST BLAZEY, CORNWALL, ENGLAND COORDINATES : 50°21′43″N 4°44′41″ COMPLETED : MAY 2000; 23 YEARS AGO OPENED : 17 MARCH 2001; 23 YEARS AGO THE BUILDING GENERAL INFORMATION DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION ARCHITECT(S) : GRIMSHAW ARCHITECTS STRUCTURAL ENGINEER : ANTHONY HUNT AND ASSOCIATES SERVICES ENGINEER : ARUP
PNEUMATIC STRUCTURE IS A MEMBRANE WHICH CARRIES LOAD DEVELOPED FROM THE TENSILE STRESSES. ITS STABILIZATION IS DONE BY PRE-STRESSING THE MEMBRANE EITHER BY A) APPLYING AN EXTERNAL FORCE WHICH PULLS THE MEMBRANE TAUT B) INTERNAL PRESSURIZING IF THE MEMBRANE IS VOLUME ENCLOSING. SUCH STRUCTURES ARE CALLED "PNEUMATIC STRUCTURES". THESE STRUCTURES CAN CREATE ARTIFICIAL ENVIRONMENTS ADAPTABLE TO HUMAN USE. THE PNEUMATIC FORMS ARE BOUND TO INCREASE IN POPULARITY, OWING TO THE TREMENDOUS FREEDOM THEY PROVIDE TO THE ARCHITECTS IN DESIGNING LARGE FREE SPACES WITHIN THEM. THE WORD PNEUMATIC IS DERIVED FROM THE ENVIRONMENTS ADAPTABLE TO HUMAN GREEK WORD "PNEUMA" (MEANING BREATH OF AIR), THUS THESE ARE THE STRUCTURE WHICH ARE SUPPORTED BY AIR. ALTHOUGH PNEUMATIC STRUCTURES HAVE BEEN USED BY MANKIND FOR THOUSAND OF YEARS; IT WAS ONLY INTRODUCED IN THE BUILDING TECHNOLOGY ABOUT 40 YEARS AGO. TYPE OF STRUCTURE SYSTEM
AIR SUPPORT STRUCTURE TYPES OF PNEUMATIC STRUCTURE TYPES OF SURFACE CURVATURE TYPE OF STRUCTURE SYSTEM BLOWING UP: FIRST, WE USE FANS TO BLOW AIR INTO THE STRUCTURE. THIS AIR FILLS UP THE INSIDE LIKE A BALLOON, MAKING THE STRUCTURE TAKE SHAPE. STAYING UP: THE AIR INSIDE KEEPS THE STRUCTURE INFLATED AND HOLDS IT IN PLACE. IT'S LIKE WHEN YOU BLOW UP A BALLOON AND IT STAYS ROUND BECAUSE OF THE AIR INSIDE. KEEPING STABLE: TO MAKE SURE THE STRUCTURE DOESN'T COLLAPSE, WE REGULATE THE AMOUNT OF AIR INSIDE. THIS KEEPS THE PRESSURE RIGHT SO THE STRUCTURE STAYS STABLE, EVEN WHEN IT'S WINDY OUTSIDE. ANCHORING DOWN: WE ALSO SECURE THE STRUCTURE TO THE GROUND WITH GEODESIC DOME STRUCTURE, SO IT DOESN'T FLY AWAY IN STRONG WINDS. CONTINUOUS AIR: THE FANS KEEP RUNNING TO KEEP THE STRUCTURE FILLED WITH AIR. THIS WAY, IT STAYS UP AND KEEPS ITS SHAPE AS LONG AS WE NEED IT TO. AIR SUPPORTED STRUCTURE DOUBLY CURVED IN THE SAME DIRECTION
MATERIALS ETFE (ETHYLENE TETRAFLUOROETHYLENE) IT IS VERYY ENERGY EFFICIENT BECAUSE OF TRANSPARENCY , INSULATION AND UV RESISTANCE IT IS ALSO LIGHT WEIGHT HAS AN LIFESPAN ON 20 YEARS AND IS RECYCLABLE POPULAR FOR LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURES LIKE EDEN PROJECT'S BIOMES SUSTAINABLE, LOW MAINTENANCE ITS HIGH STRENGTH-TO-WEIGHT RATIO, MAKING IT IDEAL FOR SUPPORTING LARGE STRUCTURES STEEL IS HIGHLY DURABLE AND RESISTANT TO CORROSION, WHICH IS CRUCIAL FOR STRUCTURES EXPOSED TO OUTDOOR ELEMENTS OVER LONG PERIODS. CAN BE PREFABRICATED OFF-SITE AND ASSEMBLED ON-SITE, LEADING TO FASTER CONSTRUCTION TIMES AND COST SAVINGS. USING STEEL IN CONSTRUCTION CAN CONTRIBUTE TO SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH ITS RECYCLABILITY. STEEL
LOAD ANALYSIS INTERNAL PRESSURE ANALYZING THE INTERNAL PRESSURE INVOLVES CALCULATING THE AIR PRESSURE REQUIRED TO SUPPORT THE STRUCTURE'S SHAPE AND WITHSTAND EXTERNAL LOADS SUCH AS WIND OR SNOW. EXTERNAL LOADS ANALYZING THESE LOADS INVOLVES ASSESSING FACTORS SUCH AS WIND SPEED, DIRECTION, AND DURATION, AS WELL AS THE WEIGHT OF SNOW AND RAIN ACCUMULATIO ANCHORAGE AND FOUNDATIONS LOAD ANALYSIS INVOLVES ASSESSING THE STABILITY OF ANCHORAGE SYSTEMS, SUCH AS STAKES OR WEIGHTS, AND THE SUITABILITY OF FOUNDATIONS TO SUPPORT THE STRUCTURE'S WEIGHT AND RESIST UPLIFT FORCES. OCCUPANCY LOADS LOAD ANALYSIS INVOLVES CONSIDERING THE WEIGHT OF OCCUPANTS, FURNITURE, EQUIPMENT, AND OTHER LIVE LOADS. THIS ENSURES THAT THE STRUCTURE CAN SAFELY ACCOMMODATE THE INTENDED USE WITHOUT EXCEEDING DESIGN LIMITS. DYNAMIC LOADS LOAD ANALYSIS MAY INVOLVE CONDUCTING DYNAMIC SIMULATIONS OR TESTS TO ASSESS THE STRUCTURE'S RESPONSE TO THESE LOADS.
CONSTRUCTION PROGRESS 1.Preparation Phase: Site selection: The Eden site would be chosen based on factors like accessibility, environmental impact, and soil stability. Planning and design: Detailed plans would be created, including architectural designs, structural engineering considerations, and material specifications. 2. Foundation Construction: Excavation: The foundation area would be excavated to the required depth and dimensions. Foundation installation: Depending on the design, a concrete foundation or other suitable anchoring system would be constructed to support the pneumatic structure. 3. Fabrication of Pneumatic Membrane: Material procurement: High-quality, durable fabric material such as PVC or ETFE would be procured for the pneumatic membrane. Fabrication: The membrane panels would be manufactured to precise specifications, including size and shape. .
CONSTRUCTION PROGRESS 4. Assembly of Pneumatic Structure: Membrane installation: The pneumatic membrane would be carefully positioned within the foundation area and inflated to create the desired structure. Structural support: Additional structural elements, such as cables, frames, and tensioning systems, would be installed to support the membrane and maintain its shape. Connection to foundation: The membrane would be securely anchored to the foundation to prevent displacement. 5. Integration of Components: Doors and windows: Entryways and windows would be installed as needed, ensuring they are airtight and compatible with the pneumatic structure. Ventilation systems: Systems for air circulation and climate control would be integrated to ensure a comfortable interior environment. Utilities: Plumbing, electrical, and other utility systems would be installed to provide essential services within the structure.
CONSTRUCTION PROGRESS 6. Testing and Quality Assurance: Airtightness testing: The integrity of the pneumatic membrane would be tested to ensure it is airtight and capable of maintaining internal pressure. Structural testing: Load tests and simulations would be conducted to assess the structural stability and safety of the Eden structure. Quality checks: All components and systems would undergo rigorous quality inspections to verify compliance with specifications and standards. 7. Completion and Commissioning: Final touches: Any remaining finishing touches, such as interior finishes, landscaping, and signage, would be completed. Commissioning: The Eden structure would be formally commissioned for use after all construction activities are finished and all systems are operational. Handover: Ownership and responsibility for the structure would be transferred to the relevant stakeholders.
REFERENCES https://www.slideshare.net/seoulhousing/what-is-the-eden-project https://amazingarchitecture.com/exhibitions/the-eden-project-in-cornwall-unitedkingdom-by-grimshaw https://en.wikiarquitectura.com/building/eden-project/ https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/pneumatic-structures-69205352/69205352 https://grimshaw.global/projects/culture-and-exhibition-halls/the-eden-project-thebiomes/