SBB3014 EVOLUTION&BIODIVERSITY(A) AIFFYVANIELLENNELSON NURULAQILAHIZZATIBINTIMOHDJOHARI NURULIZZATIBINTISHAMSULKAMAL WANNURFARAHAMANINABINTIWANMOHRADZI ZAHIAHBINTIAZEMI D20201095413 D20211099438 D20201095406 D20211099445 D20202096904 GROUP6 GROUP MEMBERS FOLIO FIELDWORK: AGRO TECHNOLOGY PARK MARDI CAMERON HIGHLANDS
TABLEOFCONTENTS 1 MOSSES Clastobryophilum bogoricum 6 MARATTIALEANFERNS Angiopteris evecta Ptisana salicina 4 LYCOPHYTES Lycopodium clavatum 7 TRUEFERNS Asplenium nidus Davallia densiculata 8 GYMNOSPERMS PInus merkusii Araucaria heterophylla 9 ANGIOSPERMS Malus domestica Taraxacum officinale Osteospermum ecklonis 2 HORNWORTS Phaeoceros laevis 3 LIVERWORTS Marchantia polymorphaL. 5 FERNALLIES Psilotum complanatum
MOSSES
HABITAT on branches of trees, mossy jungle epiphytic on living and dead trees, humus and rock, basically weft forming but can be pendulous mainly in comparatively moist forest, but in drier places where there is shade, altitude from 45-1725 m, but most frequent from 400-1000m, perhaps reflecting the presence of forest. TAXONOMY DISTRIBUTION Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Sarawak, Brunei, Cambodia, Thailand, Madagascar and Philippines MOSSES Kingdom:Plantae Phylum : Bryophyta Class :Bryopsida Order :Hypnales Family :Sematophyllaceae Genus :Clastobryophilum Species :Clastobryophilumbogoricum Mosses found in Cameron Highlands (Clastobryophilum bogoricum)
CHARACTERISTIC OF THE LEAVES Leaves are lanceolate, widest at the base, hollowed at the base, margins usually reflexed for most of the length, toothed more strongly towards the apex, usually with some teeth long and curved, alar cells larger than other cells, rectangular, not swollen or porose, and the cells above are narrower and porose. MOSSES CHARACTERISTICS Plant reddish- or yellowish-green, often glossy, tuft forming. The stems shirt creeping with irregularly pinnate branched, branches laxy, normally more densely foliate, it also has very long, slightly flexuose leaves, twisted towards the apex, especially when dry. This species (Clastobryophilum bogoricum) is dioecious. It means this species has antheridia (male reproductive organ) and archeogonia (female reproductive organ) that are produces on separate plants. (Clastobryophilum bogoricum) GAMETOPHYTE
HORNWORTS
Hornwort found in Cameron Highlands Kingdom:Plantae Division : Anthocerotophyta Class :Anthocerotopsida Order :Notothyladales Family :Notothyladaceae Genus :Phaeoceros Species :Phaeoceros laevis TAXONOMY HORNWORT HABITAT Grow in damp stubble fields, on fallow land, ditchsides, woodland tracks and in poached field corners. Usually found in moist or wet, cool and shady places. 6 DISTRIBUTION Phaeoceros laevis is cosmopolitan, can be found in North America, South America, Europe and Asia. (Phaeoceros laevis)
Thallus The is nearly flat on the upper surface. It is of dark green and somewhat lustrous color, devoid of intercellular spaces. HORNWORT (Phaeoceros laevis) LIFECYCLE OF HORNWORT The lifecycle of hornworts follow the general pattern of alternation of generations. The gametophytes grow as flat thalli on the soil with embedded gametangia. Flagellated sperm swim to the archegonia and fertilize eggs. The zygote develops into a long and slender sporophyte that eventually splits open, releasing spores. Thin cells called pseudoelaters surround the spores and help propel them further in the environment. The hornwort pseudoelaters are single-celled structures. The haploid spores germinate and give rise to the next generation of gametophyte. STRUCTURE OF SPOROPHYTE Foot The foot is a bulbous parenchymatous structure that is embedded in the gametophyte. It helps in absorbing water and nutrients from the gametophyte. Intercalary zone It is narrow zone of meristematic cells that is found between the foot and capsule. These cells keep the continuous growth of sporophyte. Capsule It is fertile, major and conspicuous part of the sporophyte. It is green, long and cylindrical when young, but turns brown or grey upon maturity. The capsule has following two parts: Columella: It is the central solid core of sterile cells arranged in 16 rows of vertical cells. It extends from the base to almost the tip of the capsule. 1. Sporogenous Tissue: It is a group of spore-forming fertile cells that surrounds the columella. It is single-layered at the base of the capsule and thickens as it goes upwards and forms diploid spore mother cells. The spore mother cells divide by meiosis to produce haploid spores. 2. Protonema Grows the adult gametophyte Grows of a thin ribbon-like thallus between 1 and 5 cm in diameter, and several layers of cells in thickness.
LIVERWORTS
LIVERWORT INTRODUCTION Housing more than 9,000 species of small nonvascular spore-producing plants. The name liverwort comes from the Anglo-Saxon word “lifer” (liver) and “wyrt” (a plant), the inference being that plants that look like organs of the human body might provide medicinal benefits for that organ. Liverworts are close relatives of mosses. Traditionally, they were considered to be one class (Hepaticae) of the division Bryophyta of the Plant Kingdom. The other two classes were the mosses (musci) and the hornworts (Anthocerotae). Using modern molecular techniques, botanists have now elevated each of these classes to divisions of the plant kingdom, so now only mosses belong to the Division Bryophyta. Liverworts are placed in the Division Marchantiophyta and hornworts in the Division Anthocerophyta. All three divisions are now collectively referred to as “Embryophytes”, that is, land plants that do not have a vascular system. Liverworts produce spores together with helically coiled structures called elaters. When spores mature, the capsules burst open; the elaters twist hygroscopically and like tightly coiled springs suddenly released, explosively eject the spores.
Male species TAXONOMY Kingdom: Plantae Division: Hepaticophyta/ Marchantiophyta Class: Hepaticopsida/ Marchantiopsida Order: Marchantiales Family: Marchantiaceae Genus: Marchantia Species: Marchantia polymorpha L. Female species C H A R A C T E R I S T I C S The plant body is thalloid. The thallus is dorsiventral, flat and dichotomously branched. The gametophyte is the dominant phase of plant life. The dorsal surface contains diamond-shaped markings, which have central pore in the middle for gaseous exchange. There are chambers present internally beneath the polygonal markings. The ventral surface contains scales and rhizoids. The rhizoids are unicellular and the root-like structure. The main function is to anchor the plant to the substratum and absorb water and minerals. The upper epidermis consists of air pores, which open in the air chamber present in the photosynthetic zone. The upper epidermis also contains few chloroplasts. Beneath the air chamber and photosynthetic zone lies the storage zone. It lacks chloroplasts and is made up of parenchymatous cells. They store protein, starch, oil and mucilage. The rhizoids and scales are extended from the lower epidermis Is a dioecious species having male and female organs on dif erent thalli. Female and male gametangia, known as the 'archegonium' (plural: archegonia) and 'antheridium' (plural: antheridia), are produced on the umbrella-like sexual branches of the female and male thalli, respectively. HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTIONS Mainly found in circumpolar boreal-arctic cosmopolitan distribution, worldwide on all continents except Antarctica. The species often grows in man-made habitats such as gardens, paths and greenhouses and can be a horticultural weed. MMaarrcchhaannttiiaa ppoollyymmoorrpphhaa L..
LYCOPHYTES
Lycopodium clavatum TAXONOMY Kingdom:Plantae Phylum : Lycopodiaphyta Class :Lycopodiopsida Order :Lycopodiales Family :Lycopodiaceae Genus :Lycopodium LYCOPHYTES 7 The plant has long, thin and erect stems that branch out horizontally. These stems bear small, scale-like leaves that are arranged in spirals. Lycopodium clavatum is a spore-bearing plant, with the spores located in cone-like structures called strobili. Lycopodium clavatum is a widespread species found in various habitats, including forests, heathlands, and moorlands. Lycopodium clavatum, commonly known as clubmoss or stag's horn moss, is a species of evergreen fern-like plant. Itis characterizedby its small size,withanaverage heightrangingfrom10to30centimeters.
FERN ALLIES
Psilotum complanatum FERNALLIES Kingdom:Plantae Phlyum : Lycopodiophyta Class :Psilotopsida Order :Psilotales Family :Psilotaceae Genus :Psilotum TAXONOMY Psilotum complanatum, also known as the whisk fern, is a unique and ancient plant species that exhibits several distinctive characteristics. One of the key characteristics of Psilotum complanatum is its lack of true leaves. Instead, it has small, scale-like structures called enations that serve as photosynthetic organs. These enations are arrangedinawhorlpatternalongthestem, giving the plant a whisk-like appearance. Another characteristic of Psilotum complanatum is its rhizome, which serves as both an anchoring structure and a storage organfornutrients 7
MARATTIALEAN FERNS
MARATTIALEANFERN BY:ZAHIAH VERNACULARNAME ELEPHANTFERN(ENGLISH) GIANTFERN(ENGLISH) JANTANKAKI(MALAY) KINGFERN(ENGLISH) PAKUGAJAH(ENGLISH) PAKUGAJAH(MALAY) PAKUGANTANG(MALAY) SEDUANTUMBUH(KELANTAN) TURNIPFERN(ENGLISH) TAXONOMY Kingdom: Plantae Division: Pteridophyta Ferns Class: Marattiopsida Order: Marattiales Family: Marattiaceae Genus: Angiopteris Angiopteris evecta
ITS LARGE GLOBULAR RHIZOMES CAN GROW UP TO 1.5 M TALL WHILE ITS ADULT LEAVES CAN BEAR THOUSANDS OF SPORANGIA, EACH OF WHICH PRODUCES1,440SPORES. THIS ELEPHANT FERN REPRODUCES VEGETATIVELY ORBYPRODUCINGSPORES. REPRODUCTION COMMONLY REFERRED TO AS THE ELEPHANT FERN, KING FERN OR PAKU GAJAH IN MALAY IS A LARGE AND VERY PRIMITIVEFERN. IT CAN GROW UP TO 7 M WITH MASSIVE FRONDS UP TO 5 M LONGANDPETIOLESUPTO2MLONG(HUXLEY,1992). THE FRONDS MAKE A SPECTACULAR DISPLAY AND NICE SPOTTED SHADE THAT ARE SUITABLE TO BE GROWN AS AN ORNAMENTAL. CHARACTERISTICS 1 3 THERE ARE FLESHY STIPULES AT THE BOTTOM OF EACH PETIOLE THAT BEAR MANY BUDS WHICH WILL GROW INTO NEW PLANTS WHEN THE STIPULES BREAKOFFANDFINDSUITABLEGROUND. 2 HABITAT & DISTRIBUTION THISSPECIES CANBEFOUNDGROWINGALONGWATER COURSESINTHE UNDERSTORY OF RAINFORESTS FROM SEA LEVEL TO AN ALTITUDE OF 1,500 M. IT IS WIDESPREAD THROUGHOUT MALAYSIA, POLYNESIA, NEW GUINEA ANDAUSTRALIA Angiopteris evecta
Ptisana salicina
TAXONOMY HABITATS & DISTRIBUTION OCCURS IN KAURI, PODOCARP AND BROADLEAVED FOREST, OFTEN IN DEEP, SHADED GULLIES OR ON THE BANKS OF STREAMS AND CREEKS, ESPECIALLY WHERE IT IS SECURE FROMSTOCKANDPIGS. KING FERN IS INDIGENOUS TO NORFOLK ISLAND (THE TYPE LOCALITY), NEW ZEALAND, NEW CALEDONIA, COOK ISLANDS, AUSTRAL ISLANDS, SOCIETY ISLANDSANDTHEMARQUESAS. RHIZOMES SHORT, ERECT, FORMING A HARD MASS, WITH PAIRS OF LARGE EAR-LIKELOBESPROTECTINGNEWFRONDS.FRONDS2000–2800MMLONG (UPTO4000MMINCULTIVATION). STIPES1000–1500MMLONG,30–40MMINDIAMETER. NOT WINGED, GREEN, SMOOTH EXCEPT FOR ABUNDANT,VERY NARROWLY OVATE, FIMBRIATE, NON-CLATHRATE SCALES UP TO 15 MM LONG, 1.5 MM WIDE. MIDRIBS OF THE PRIMARY PINNAE SWOLLEN AT THE JUNCTION WITH THE MAINSTEM.SECONDARYPINNAEENTIRE,OBLONG,STRAP-LIKE,ANDTAPER TOWARDSTHETIP.SORIDISTINCTIVELYBOAT-SHAPED.ANUNUSUALFORM WITHCRESTEDTIPSTOTHEADULTPINNULESISSOMETIMESFOUNDINTHE WILDAROUNDTHEKAWHIAAREA. SYNANGIA OBLONG WITH ROUNDED ENDS, 1.5–3.5 MM LONG, ON VEINS JUST INSIDE THE PINNA MARGIN, COMPRISING 2 ROWS OF 5–14 FUSED SPORANGIA; PARAPHYSES PRESENT AS VERY NARROW, HAIR-LIKE SCALES SURROUNDINGTHESYNANGIA. REPRODUCTION CAN BE GROWN FROM SPORES BUT VERY SLOW. SMALLBROWNSPORANGIAAREFUSEDTOTHE UNDERSIDE OF THE FROND IN TWO ROWS. MATURE PLANTS MAY PRODUCE SPORES AT ANY TIME OF YEAR, THOUGH PROPAGATION IS OFTEN VERY SLOW AND SOMETIMES DIFFICULT. CHARACTERISTICS Ptisana salicina Kingdom: Plantae Division: Polypodiophyta Class: Polyopsida Order: Marattiales Family: Marattiaceae Genus: Ptisana Species: Ptisana salicina Vernacular name(s): Horseshoe Fern, King Fern, Para
TRUE FERNS
LIGHTGREEN,OFTENCRINKLEDWITHABLACKMIDRIB ANDEXHIBITCIRCINATEVERNATION CLASSIFIEDAS“EPIPHYTES”ORAIRPLANTSASTHEYGROW ONPLANTSANDELEVATEDSUPPORTS DONOTHAVEFLOWERSORSEEDS THESPORONGIADEVELOPINCLUSTERS(SORI),COVERED BYANELONGATEDINDUSIUMONTHEBACKSOFTHE FRONDS CHARACTERISTICS GROWTERRESTRIALLYONTHEGROUNDOR EPIPHYTICALLYONTHETREES SOMETIMESGROWONROCKS GROWINGINSIDEFORESTSWHEREITISSHADEDBYHIGH TREESTHATDONOTALLOWTHESUNTOUCHTHEFERN DIRECTLY HABITATS TRUE FERN commonly known as a bird’ s nest fern. In Malaysia it is called ‘Rumah Langsuyar ’ MEDICINAL USE : A LOTION CAN BE EXTRACTED FROM THE LEAVES WHICH IS USED TO TREAT FEVER OR USES INFUSION OF LEAVES TO TREAT LABOUR PAIN , ALSO A DECOCTION IS USED TO EASE LABOUR IN CHILDBIRTH. IN ADDITION, THE YOUNG FRONDS CAN BE USED TO MAKE TEA TAKEN IN THE MORNING TO RELIEVE GENERAL WEAKNESS. Asplenium nidus Kingdom: Plantae Division: Polypodiophyta Class: Polypodiopsida Order: Polypodiales Family: Aspleniaceae Genus: Asplenium Species: Asplenium nidus TAXONOMY
GROWINGONANOTHERORGANISMBUTNOTPARASITIC NOTGROWINGONTHEGROUND PRIMARYRAINFOREST,MOUNTAIN,AGRICULTURALLAND, SECONDARYRAINFOREST,MONSOONFOREST,COASTAL FOREST,FRESHWATERSWAMPFOREST,RIVERINE, DISTURBEDAREA HABITATS TRUE FERN ACOMMONFERNWITHASTOUTANDHAIRYBROWN RHIZOME THEDELTATE-SHAPEDFRONDISBIPINNATE EACHLOBEOFTHESTERILELEAFLETSHAVEFINE CRENATEMARGINS HAVECOMPOUND,BROADLEAVES ANEPIPHYTEORLITHOPHYTEANDGROWSPRIMARILYIN THEWETTROPICALBIOME CHARACTERISTICS known as a rabbit’s foot fern or toothed Davallia. In Malaysia it is called ‘paku tertutup’ THIS IS ONE OF THE MOST COMMON EPIPHYTIC FERNS FOUND ON MATURE TREES FROM URBAN TO FORESTED AREAS. Davallia denticulata Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Tracheophytes Division: Polypodiophyta Class: Polypodiopsida Order: Polypodiales Family: Davalliaceae Genus: Davallia Species: Davallia denticulata TAXONOMY
GYMNOSPERMS
Plant Growth Form: Tree (Big (>30m) Mode of Nutrition: Autotrophic Plant Shape: Rounded, Conical Maximum Height: 70 m Trunk Gray brown, thick and fissured. Foliage: Has 2 needles per bundle, on short woody stumps. Reproductive Parts - non-flowering plant Male in yellow catkins. Female in thick woody cones, mature cone up to 11cm long, scaly, cylindrical with pedicel about 1cm long. Seeds small, ovate, bearing a thin wing. Ethnobotanical Uses: Timber & Products: The wood is for construction, flooring and boats. Others: The resin in the wood is used in medicine, paints and in the perfume industry. Class: Pinopsida Order: Pinales Family: Pinaceae Genus: Pinus 3 TAXONOMY NATIVEDISTRIBUTION DISTRIBUTEDNATURALLYANDARTIFICIALLYIN SOUTHEASTASIAINCLUDINGVIETNAM,LAOS, CAMBODIA,THAILAND,MALAYSIA,INDONESIA, CHINAANDTHEPHILIPPINES NATIVEHABITAT TERRESTRIAL(MOUNTAIN) PREFERREDCLIMATEZONE TROPICAL HABITAT&DISTRIBUTION Pinus merkusii
Kingdom Plantae - Plants Subkingdom Tracheobionta - Vascular plants Superdivision Spermatophyta - Seed plants Division Coniferophyta - Conifers Class Pinopsida Order Pinales Family Pinaceae Spreng. ex Rudolphi - Pine family Genus Pinus ATRADITIONALPARTOFTHE ARTSANDCRAFTSOFCULTURES. THEUSESINCLUDESSEASONAL WREATHSANDDECORATIONS, FIRESTARTERS,BIRDFEEDERS, TOYS,ETC. CONE IN GYMNOSPERMS, A LEAFY GREEN SPOROPHYTE GENERATES CONES CONTAINING MALE AND FEMALE GAMETOPHYTES; FEMALE CONES ARE BIGGER THAN MALE CONES AND ARE LOCATED HIGHER UP IN THE TREE. REPRODUCTION CULTURAL USES TAXONOMY
Kingdom:Plantae Division :Pinophyta Class :Pinopsida Order :Araucariales Family :Araucariaceae Genus : Araucaria Species :Araucariaheterophylla TAXONOMY Araucaria heterophylla Norfolk Island Pine is a large coniferous evergreen tree found on Norfolk Island. Norfolk Island is a small island located in the central Pacific Ocean. Norfolk Island pine is a member of the genus Araucaria. The genus Araucaria is derived from the name of the island where the tree was first found. FACT ABOUT THIS SPECIES In its native habitat, the Norfolk Island pine can grow to a height of 200 feet or more (60 meters). However, it is usually smaller when grown. The Norfolk Island pine has a unique symmetrical shape. It also has horizontally spreading branches in whorl formation, giving it the appearance of a layered tree or a tiered tree. The tree’s trunk is straight and covered in rough brown bark.
The leaves are distinctive and change with age. In young trees, the leaves are needle-like, dark green, and cover the entire tree. As tree grows, the lower branches shed their leaves and the upper branches grow long, spiralshaped leaves. Morphology of Araucaria heterophylla REPRODUCTION Male and female cones are produced on the same tree, but male cones are small, cylindrical while female cones are larger, oval-shaped. It takes several years for male and female cones to mature. Once mature, male and female cones will release seeds that are distributed by birds. FOLIAGE Young tree Bigger tree CULTIVATION Norfolk Island Pine is a popular ornamental tree. It can be grown as a houseplant or used in landscape design. Norfolk Island pines prefer temperate climates and are frost-hardy. They can be grown outdoors in tropical and subtropical areas and can grow to large trees. They are usually grown indoors in pots and require bright, indirect sunlight. They also need good soil drainage and regular watering.
ANGIOSPERMS
7 Commonly known as Cape Marguerite Daisy, also known as Star of the veldt or Sundays river daisy . It is an evergreen , parennial small shrub withtypicaldaisy-shaped whiteorpurpleflowes. Flowers of this plant are oftenvisitedbybees andotherpollinators. The daisy flowers are 5to7centimeters indiameter.Itcomes invarious shades of white , pinkorpalepurple withablue-violetringaroundadarkcentraldisk. The flowers close at night or on cloudy days. The leaves of this plant are dark green , lance shaped and slightly fleshly with a fine covering of hairs. It grows inopen,grassyhabitatsandalongtheedgesofforests. Kingdom:Plantae Phylum :Angiosperm Class :Eudicots Order :Asterales Family :Asteraceae Genus :Osteospermum Species :Osteospermumecklonis TAXONOMY Osteospermum ecklonis
ANGIOSPERM 7 The common dandelion grows in temperate region of the world in areas with moist soils.They arehardyplants, able togrowina variety of environments andare tolerant of crowding, extremes of temperature and low moisture. It is most often consideredweed, especially inlawns andalongroadsides. Commonly known as dandelion which is a herbaceous perennial floweringplantin the daisy familyAsteraceae. It is well known forits yellow flower heads that turn into round balls of many silver-tufted fruits that disperse in the wind. These balls are called “clocks” in both British and AmericanEnglish.Thename “blowball” is alsoused. Kingdom : Plantae Phylum :Angiosperm Class : Eudicots Order :Asterales Family :Asteraceae Genus : Taraxacum TAXONOMY Taraxacum officinale
TAXONOMY Kingdom : Plantae Phylum : Magnoliophyta Class : Magnoliopsida Order : Rosales Family : Rosaceae Genus : Malus Species :Malus domestica Malus domestica Malus domestica have been grown for thousands of years in Asia and Europe and were inroduced to North America. Malus domestica are typically found between 0 to 8,202 ft. above sea level. They thrive in soils that are well drained and with pH levels of about 5.5 to 7.5. Prefer cooler climate such as Cameron Highlands (Malaysia) CHARACTERISTICS Malus domestica is a deciduous tree, which means it sheds its leaves for part of the year annually. Leaves:The leaves are simple, alternate and ovate with a pointed tip. Fruits: The fruits are vary in size, colour and shape depends on the cultivar Flowers: The flowers produced are attractive with a pleasant fragrance. The flowers are hermaphrodite and are pollinated by insects. HABITAT DISTRIBUTION
LIFECYCLE OF ANGIOSPERM I M A G E O F A N G I O SPER M L I F E C Y C L E Malus domestica (angiosperm) has a lifecycle with an alternation of generations. This means that the organism grows and alternates between a haploid stage (n) and a diploid stage (2n). The left side of this angiosperm lifecycle (image) shows the female gametophyte developing an embryo sac. The right side of this angiosperm lifecycle (image) shows the male gametophyte developing a pollen grain. For the bottom part of the angiosperm lifecyle (image), the pollen fertilizes the embryo sac to form a zygote, which is the seed. A F TE R D O U B LE FE R T I L IZ A T I O N : ovary develops into fruit ovule develops into seed seed consist of diploid embryo seed is enclosed by seed coat (derived from integuments of ovule) fruit protect seed and aid in dispersal ANGIOSPERM UNDERGOES DOUBLE FERTILIZATION
REFLECTION WAN NURFARAH AMANINA BINTI WAN MOHD RADZI D20211099445 Through completing this assignment, I had the opportunity to go to Cameron Highlands to observe and find many kind of species and genus of plants such as Mosses, Liverworts, Hornworts and so on. Besides, now, I know how to classify each plant in their group for example for fern, I know this fern is categorized in true fern, fern allies, or marattialean fern which I don't know before this. I also learned a lot about working as a team with all my team members. Before this, I always worry about working in a team. But after join this trip for assignment, I am grateful because my team members and I were really competent and we put all the efforts to find all the species needed. I gained such a beautiful experiences and enjoyed every moments there while learning more about plants. I also want to thank Dr. Fatimah by giving this golden opportunity to improve our knowledge as a preparation to be a good teacher in the future. I hope that this journey can give benefits to my team members and I to polish our skills to a be a good educator in the future and I hope I can spread awareness about this plant species about the habitat, taxonomy and so on to other people so that people out there also can improve their knowledge about plants as I have to take the responsibility in educating people especially as a Science student. Lastly, if I am given a chance, I also would like to do research paper about plant species to learn more deeply about it and at the same time, it will give people out there to learn more about plant species. NURUL AQILAH IZZATI BINTI MOHD JOHARI D20211099438 Through this assignment, I had gained many new knowledge about variety species of plant and I also gained many wonderful experience during this fieldwork in Cameron Highland. I felt really grateful for having this opportunity to learn and classify different types of plants and thanks to Dr. Fatimah for giving us this unforgettable experience and knowledge.
Aiffy Vaniellen Nelson D20201095413 REFLECTION Zahiah binti Azemi D20202096904 This assignment gave me a lot of new knowledge about the uniqueness of the various plant species that exist in nature. Its uniqueness includes, in terms of genus, species whose characteristics differ from each other. Through my direct or indirect observation, there is something I can beautifully see in this variety of nature that has opened my eyes and allowed me to become more appreciative and grateful for everything created in nature. As I sorted these different types of plants, I learned that even though these plants have the same family and genus, they must adapt according to the suitability of their habitat, place, or nature. Evolving of these, resulting in the emergence of unique new species. So that, I am really thankful, as this assignment embedded many beautiful memories and knowledge in my mind that I will never forget.I hope in the future there will be a lot of awareness campaigns or labotariums that can be opened, especially in small villages, as a method to show and educate the community about the uniqueness and various types of plants. Hands-on activity allow me to acquire a better learning process through the field trip visit. Learning the plants theoritically is also informative but with a touch of a more practical approach , it has better clear my understanding on the plants that we seek , picked and measures by ourselves. Such opportunity is what makes learning the nature more enjoyable as it is near to my daily life experiences. The progress of completing this task made me reflect on my contribution to produce a good quality of works as well as my ability to work in a group. For better outcome both in product and group work , I should work and improve better.
REFLECTION Nurul Izzati Binti Shamsul Kamal D20201095406 Based on the activity and assignment being done, I can properly state that there are a lot of interesting and highly educational things that I was able to get my mind on. Learning about the plants around us that oftentimes being seen daily outside really helps me to understand more about nature, how it works and its functions in the ecosystem. In addition, while completing the work I could find myself developing better skills in communicating and working in teams. Overall, as someone that has quite a lot of interest in science especially in biology, this kind of activity gave me a broader learning experience that I could try to integrate when working in the education field or so. In the future, I would like to volunteer or cooperate with authorities specifically that nature involved projects to enhance the actions that can be done to protect these plants. On top of that, I think hosting a campaign to raise awareness about these plants around us is a good move as well because it offers new knowledge for people and that to help taking care of the nature.