Hamlet

GLOSSARY 265

CARRION, (a) dead flesh, (b) ' t h e the room of that which they
flesh' 'in the Pauline sense' steal' (Dr Johnson); 5. 2. 53
N.E.D. (v. note): 2. 2. 182 CHANSON, song, ballad; 2. 2. 424
CHARACTER (vb.), imprint, inscribe}
CARRY I T AWAY, carry the day, he
*• 3- 59
victorious (cf. Rom. 3. 1. 79 CHARGE (sb.), (a) importance,
'Alia stoccata carries it away')}
2. 2. 363 (b) weight, load (cf. 1 Hen. IF,
2. 1. 50 'great charge')} 5. 2.
CARRY THROUGH, carry through
difficulties, enable to pass mus- 43
ter} 5. 2. 192 CHARIEST, 'most fastidious, shy'

CART, chariot (cf. Spenser, F.Q. v, (N.E.D.), cf. M.W.W. 2.1.102
viii, 34); 3. 2. 153 'the chariness of our honesty'
(= modesty); 1. 3. 36
CARVE FOR ONESELF, help oneself CHECK AT, abandon a course. A
at will, indulge oneself} 1. 3. term of falconry, lit. to swerve
aside (cf. Tiv.Nt. 3 . 1 . 64'And,
20 like the haggard, check at every
feather')} 4. 7. 61
CAST BEYOND ONESELF, to overrun CHEERE, chair, v. anchor} 3.2.218
CHOLER, bile, hence (a) bilious
the trail in hunting (v. letter by disorder, (b) anger (N.E.D. i c ,
K. M . Buck in T.L.S. Jan. 7, 2)5 3. 2. 304, 308
1932)5 2. 1. 112
CHOP-FALLEN, (a) chopless, q.v.,
CATAPLASM, plaster, poultice} 4 . 7 . (b) cast down, dejected} 5. 1.
142 186

CAUTEL, deceit, craft (cf. Lov. Com. CHOPINE, a shoe worn in Italy and
303 'Applied to cautels' and Spain at the end of the sixteenth
Cor. 4. 1. 33 'With cautelous century, with cork soles and
baits and practice'); 1. 3. 15 heels sometimes of great height}
2. 2. 432
CAVIARY, caviare. The figurative
use derives from this passage; CHOPLESS, without the lower jaw
2. 2. 441 (chop or chap); J. 1. 87

CENSURE (sb.), opinion, judgment} CHORUS, an actor who summarises
1. 3. 69} 1.4. 35} with a quibble the action or explains the mean-
on 'disapproval'} 3. 2. 26, 85 ing of a theatrical spectacle
(v. dumb-show)', 3. 2. 244
CENTRE, middle of the earth (v.
note); 2. 2. 159 CHOUGH, a bird of the crow family,
a jackdaw, (hence) a chatterer;
CEREMENTS, lit. wax wrappings for 5. 2. 89
the dead, (hence) grave-clothes
generally} 1. 4. 48 CICATRICE, scar of a wound;

CESS (sb.), cessation, extinction 4- 3-59
(v. note)} 3. 3. 15
CIRCUMSTANCE, (i) circumlocution,
CHAMELEON. 'From their inani- beating about the bush} 1. J .
mate appearance, and power of 127} (ii) relevant facts, evidence;
existing for long periods without 2. 2. 157; 3. 3. 83
food, they were formerly sup-
posed to live on air' (N.E.D.); CLEPE, call, name; 1,4.19
3-2.91

CHANGELING, 'a child which the
fairies are supposed to leave in

266 GLOSSARY

CLIMATURE. A variant of'climate* CO-MEDLED, mixed or mingled
«=. region. N.E.D. ('climate' together; N.E.D. quotes only
I b) quotes from 1605: 'When one other instance, Le. Webster,
the Sunne is Eclipsed, all the White Devil (1612), 3. 3. 36
earth is not darkened, but onely 'Religion; oh how it is com-
one Climat'; 1. 1. 121 medled with policie'; 3. 2. 67

CLOSE (adj.), secret; 2. 1.115 COMMA, brief pause or interval
CLOSE WITH, engage in conversa- (v. note); 5. 2 . 4 2

tion, lit come to close quarters COMMEND, (a) offer respectfully,
in fight (cf. 2 Hen. IF, 2.1.20)$ (£) praise; 5. 2.182, 184
2. x. 44
COMMENT (sb.), critical observa-
CLOSELY, secretly; 3. 1. 29 tion; 3. 2.77

CLOUDS (IN), in obscurity; 4. 5. 88 COMMERCE, intercourse, conversa-
CLOUTS, cloths, clothes; 2. 2. 387 tion; 3. 1.109

COCK (BY), by God; 4. 5. 60 COMPANIES, companionship; 2. 2.

COCKLE HAT, 'a hat with a cockle 14
or scallop-shell stuck in it, worn COMPARE WITH, vie with, rival;
by pilgrims, as a sign of their
having been at the shrine of 5. 2.142
St James of Compostella in COMPETENT, adequate, (here) equal;
Spain' (N.E.D.); 4. 5. 25
1.1. 90
COIL (sb.), (a) bustle, turmoil, COMPLEXION, disposition, constitu-
(b) with a quibble upon 'coil' of
rope (v. Introd. p. xxxiv); 3 . 1 . tion. One of the four tempera-
67 ments (sanguine, melancholy,
choleric and phlegmatic); 1. 4.
COIXEAGUED, allied; 1. 2. 21 27; 5.2.103
COMPLY, 'observe the formalities
COLLECTION, (i) deduction, in- of courtesy' (N.E.D.); 2.2.375;
ference, guess-work (from Lat. 5. 2. 188
colleclio, deduction, a term of
rhetoric); 4 . 5 . 9 ; (ii) assortment COMPOST, prepared manure; 3: 4.
'of extracts, historical or literary
materials' (N.E.D. 3 a); 5. 2. 151
192
CONCEIT, (i) imagination; 2. 2.
COLOUR (vb.), gloss, disguise; 556,560; 3.4.114; (ii) 'conceit
upon' •= fanciful notion sug-
2. 2. 284; 3.1. 45 gested by; 4. 5 . 4 3 ; (iii) design;
COLUMBINE, an emblem of cuck-
$• *• 155
oldry (N.E.D.); 4. 5. 180 CONCEPTION, (a) understanding,
CO-MART, joint bargain (cf.
(b) pregnancy (cf. Lear, 1. 1.
'mart' 1. 1. 74 and Shrew, 12-13); 2. 2. 184
2 . 1 . 320 'a desperate mart'); CONCERNANCY, import, relevance;
1. 1. 93 5. 2. 126

COME AWAY, COME YOUR WAYS, CONCERNING, concern; 3 . 4 . 191

come along; 1. 3. 135; 4. z. 28 CONCLUSION, experiment; 3. 4.
etc
„ I95
COME TARDY OFF, fall short, to be
done inadequately; 3. 2 . 2 5 CONDOLEMENT, gtiefj I . 2 . 9 3

CONFEDERATE, conspiring to assist;
3. 2. 256

GLOSSARY 267

CONFERENCE, talk, conversation; COUNTENANCE, favour, patronage;

3. 1. 1, 188 4. 2. 15

CONFINE (sb.), prison cell, place of COUNTER (adv.), a hunting term, lit.

confinement; 1.1.1555 2.2.249 in the opposite direction to the

CONGRUE, to agree, accord (cf. course taken by the game;

L.L.L. 1. 2. 13; 5. 1. 89 4. 5. n o

'congruent'); 4. 3. 63 COUNTERFEIT (past part.), repre-

CONJUNCTIVE, (a) closely united, sented in a picture or image;

{b) a technical term of astrology 3- 4- 54
used of two planets in close COUPLETS, the twofledglingsof the
proximity; 4. 7. 14
dove; 5. 1. 281

CONSCIENCE, consciousness, 'spe- COURAGE, a brave, a spark (of a

culative reflexion' (Herford); person), v. note; 1. 3. 6 j

3.1.83 COUSIN, kinsman (of any kind

CONSIDERED, suitable for thought; except parent, child, brother or

2. 2. 81 sister); 1. 2. 64

CONSONANCY, agreement; 'con- COZEN (vb.), cheat; 3. 4. 77

sonancy of our youth,' being of COZENAGE, (a) cheating, decep-

the same age; 2. 2. 288 tion, {b) with a poss. quibble

CONSTANTLY, steadily; 1. 2. 235 on 'cousinage' = kinship; 5. 2.

CONTINENT (sb.), (i) receptacle, 67

cover, anything that contains or CRACKED WITHIN THE RING, (a) of

covers; 4. 4. 64; (ii) (a) sum- a coin cracked within the circle

mary, embodiment, (i>) geo- surrounding the head of the

graphical continent (to suit sovereign and therefore no

'card'); 5. 2. 115 longer legal tender, (6) of a boy

CONTRACTION, good faith, con- singer's voice, liable to crack on
tractual relations in general a high note. Cf. Beaumont,
(v. note); 3. 4. 46 Remedy of Love (ed. Dyce, xi.
477) 'If her voice be bad,
CONVEYANCE, (i) convoy, conduct; erack'd in the ring'; 2. 2. 433
4. 4. 3; (ii) legal document for

the transference of land; 5. 1. CRANTS, garland. The word (from

107 German 'Kranz' or Danish

CONVOY (sb.), means of conveyance, 'Krans') was in fairly common

transport (cf. All's Well, 4.4.10 use in England in the sixteenth

'We have convenient convoy'); and seventeenth centuries

i-3- 3 (N.E.D. quotes Hardman, Our
COOPPE (vb.), encounter, meet; Prayer Book (1890) 'the
"crants" were garlands which
„ 3> Z' 5 3 it was usual to make of white
paper and to hang up in the
COTE, to outstrip (a coursing term); church on the occasion, of a
2. 2. 321 young girl's funeral....Some of
these were hanging up in Flam-
COUCH (vb.), lurk, hide; 5. 1. 216 borough Church, Yorkshire, as
COUNSEL, (a) advice, (b) secret; late as 1850'); 5. 1. 226

4. 2. 11
COUNT (sb.), account, reckoning;

4. 7. 17

268 GLOSSARY

CRESCENT, growing (cf. 'crescive,* 191; (ii) rare, precious, unusual;
Hen. V, i . i . 66)5 1; 3. 11 5. 2. 154
DEAREST, direst, cruellest (of
CROSS (vb.), cross the path of, come different origin from 'dearest'
in the way of, obstruct (v. «= most precious); 1. 2. 182
N.E.D. 'cross' 12); 1.1.127 DEARTH, clearness (N.E.D. quotes
Bishop Barlow, Three Sermons,
CROWFLOWER, buttercup (but also 1596, 'Dearth is that when all
applied occasionally to the ragged . . . things...are rated at a high
robin and the wild hyacinth); price'); 5. 2. 122
4. 7.168
DEBATE (vb.), dispute, contend;
CROWNER, coroner; 5. 1. 4 ; 4. 4. 26
'crowner's quest,' coroner's in-
quest; 5. 1. 22 DECLENSION, decline, deterioration;
2. 2. 149
CROWNET, coronet; 4. 7. 171
CRY (sb.), a pack of hounds; 3. 2. DEFEAT, destruction; 5. 2. 58;
'to make defeat upon' = to bring
277 about the ruin or destruction of;
CRY ON (trans, vb.), cry aloud, 2. 2. 574

exclaim (in joy or terror). App. DEFEATED, disfigured, marred (cf.
not the same as 'cry on' Oth. 1. 3. 346 'Defeat thy
«= exclaim against, or 'cry on' favour with a usurped beard');
«= yelp like a hound on the scent
(cf. 4. 5. 109). Cf. Oth. 5 . 1 . 4 8 1. 2. 10
'what noise is this that cries on
murder'; Rich. Ill, 5. 3. 231 DEFENCE, science of fence; 4 . 7 . 9 6
'cried on victory.' N.E.D. DEFINEMENT, description, speci-
misses this .meaning; 5. 2. 362
fication; 5. 2. 117
CUNNING (sb.), skill, wisdom, DELATED, accusing ('delate' = re-
dexterity; 2. 2. 4455 4. 7. 154
port details of acrimetoajudge);
CURB (vb.), bow, bend; 3. 4. 155 1. 2. 38
CURRENT, unchecked course (cf. DEVISE, explain, give an account
(of); 4. 7. 52
M.F. 4. 1. 64 ' T o excuse the
current of thy cruelty' and DICTION, description; 5. 2.122
I Hen. IF, 2. 3. 58 'currents of DIET, a day's pay (v. All's Well
a heady fight'); 3. 3. 57
note on 5. 3. 220); 1. 1. 99
DAMON, a faithful friend (a re-
ference to the classical story of DIFFERENCE, (i) a quibble on the
Damon and Pythias); 3. 2. 281 heraldic term = an alteration
or addition to a coat of arms to
DANSKER, a Dane. The correct distinguish a junior member or
Danish term, not found else- branch of a family; 4. 5. 182;
where in English though Danske (ii) distinguishing qualities; 5.
( = Danish) occurs rarely; 2 . 1 . 7
2. 112
DAYS OF NATURE, days of one's life
(N.E.D. does not note this DIGESTED, ordered, disposed in an
phrase). Perhaps suggested by orderly way (cf. Trail. Prol. 29
'course of nature'; 1. 5, 12 'What may be digested in a
play'); 2. 2. 443
DEAR, (i) important, vital; 3. 4 .
DIRECTIONS, i.e. how to proceed}
2. 1. 63

GLOSSARY 269

DISAPPOINTED, ill-equipped (of a DIVIDE INVENTORIALLY, classify in

person), unprepared (cf. ap- detail; 5. 2. 118

pointment. Theobald quotes DIVULGING, becoming publicly

Meas. 3. 1. 56-60, where known; 4. 1. 22

'appointment' = preparation for DIZZY (vb.), bewilder, make giddy;

a journey); 1. 5. 77 5.2. 119

DISASTER. An astrological term DOCUMENT, lesson. A legal term,

«•» an unfavourable aspect of a lit. a detailed proof set out in

star or planet. Prob. here writing (cf. N.E.D. 3 quoting

= partial eclipse (v. note)} Raleigh, Hist. World 'This may

r. 1. 123 serue as a document of Fortunes

DISCLOSE (vb. and sb.), hatch out instabilitie'); 4. 5. 177

(of young birds). N.E.D. quotes DOUBLE VOUCHER, V. voucher^ 5.

Book of St Albans (i486), A. 1. 102

ij a, 'First thay been Egges, and DOUBT (vb.), suspect; 1. 2. 2565

afterwarde they bene disclosed 2. 2. 1185 3. 1. 169

hawkys's 3. 1. 169; 5. 1. 281 DOUBT (IN), ambiguous; 4. 5. 6

DISCOURSE, the reasoning faculty; DOUT (vb.), extinguish (v. note

'discourse of reason' also = the i-4- 37)5 4-7- 19°

reasoning faculty (cf. Troil. DOWN-GYVED, fallen down to the
2. 2. 116 'So madly hot that
ankle, like gyves or fetters;

no discourse of reason...Can 2. 1. 77

qualify the same'); 1. 2. 150; DRAW ON MORE, bring others with

4. 4. 36 it; 5. 2. 390

DISCOVERY, disclosure; 2. 2. 298 DRIFT (sb.), (i) purpose, plot (cf.

DISMAL, calamitous; 5. 2. 365 T-wo Gent. 2. 6. 43 'Wit to plot

DISMANTLE, divest, deprive one of this drift'); 2. I. 37; 4. 7. 150;

the protection of; 3. 2. 282 (ii) leading one on in conversa-

DISPATCH (vb.), (i) deprive (cf. tion; 2. 1. 10 ('drift of ques-

N.E.D. 7 b ) ; 1. 5. 7S5 (ii) exe- tion'); 3. 1. 1 ('drift of
cute swiftly; 3. 3. 3 conference')

DISPRIZED, disparaged, held in DROSSY, worthless, frivolous; J. 2.

contempt; 3. 1. 72 190

DISTEMPER (sb.), 'deranged or dis- DRUNK ASLEEP, dead drunk; 3.3.89

ordered condition of the body DUMB-SHOW. A device frequent in

or mind (formerly regarded as Eliz. drama for (i) foreshadowing

due to disordered state of the the contents of a play or an act

humours)' N.E.D.; 2. 2. 55; by means of a historical or

3.2. 339; 3. 4. 123 symbolical tableau, or (ii) sum-

DISTEMPERED, (a) disturbed in marising a part of the action,
'humour,' ill in body or mind, not otherwise represented, in a

(b) intoxicated (cf. Hen. V, living picture, which was then

2. 2. 54); 3. 2. 301 explained by a Presenter or

DISTRACTED, confused, agitated, Chorus. The Dumb-show in
unstable; 1. 5. 97; 4. 3. 4 Hamlet belongs to neither type;

DISTRUST (vb.), fear for; 3. 2. 163 3. 2. 12, 133 S.D. (v. note)

270 GLOSSARY

DUP (vb.), open; 4. $. 51 ENTREATMENT, conversation, In-

DUTY, (i) conduct to a superior, terview (a diplomatic term);

respect; 3. 2. 3515 (ii) (a) as at 1. 3. 122

3. 2. 351, (i>) bow, obeisance (cf. ENVIOUS, malicious, spiteful; 4. 7.

L.L.L. 4. 2. 149 'Stay not thy 172

compliment, I forgive thy ENVIOUSLY, maliciously; 4. 5. 6

duty'); 5. 2.182 EQUIVOCATION, ambiguity (v. note);

EAGER, sharp, sour; 1.4.251.5.69 5 . 1 . 134 .

EASINESS, (i) facility; 3. 4. 1665 ERRING, wandering; 1. 1. 154
(ii) indifference; 5. 1. 68 (v. ERUPTION, an outbreak of calamity
note)
or evil; r. I. 69
ECSTASY, madness; 2. 1. 99; 3. 1. ESCOT, pay a reckoning for, main-

tain; 2. 2. 349

1 6 3 : 3 . 4 . 74, 139 ESPIALS, spies (cf. 1 Hen. VI,

EDGE (GIVE), stimulate, incite^ 1.4. 8 "The prince's espials have

3. 1. 26 informed me'); 3. 1. 32

EFFECT, (i) operative influence; ESSENTIALLY, really, in fact; 3. 4.

1. 5. 645 (ii) something obtained 187

by an action; 3. 3. 545 (iii) out- ESTATE, authority, rank; 3. 3. 55

ward symptom of a state of mind 5.1.215

(cf. Ado, 2. 3. n o 'what effects ETERNAL, pertaining to eternity
of passion shows she?1); 3. 4.
(v. note); 1. 5. 21

129 EVEN, straightforward; 2. 2. 291

EISEL, vinegar (v. note); 5. 1. 270 EVEN-CHRISTEN, fellow-Christians

ENACTURE, fulfilment (N.E.D. (coll. sb. v. N.E.D. 'Christen');

quoting this passage); 3. 2. 196 5. 1. 28

ENCOMPASSMENT, 'talking round' EVENT, issue, consequence; 4. 4.

a subject; 2. 1. 10 41,50

ENCOUNTER (sb.), manner of ad- EXCEPTION, disapproval, objection

dress or accosting (cf. A.T.L. (cf. All's Well, 1. 2. 40 'Ex-

2. 5. 24 'that they call compli- ception bid him speak') 5 5.2.229

ment is like the encounter of EXCREMENT, outgrowth (such as

two dog-apes'); 5. 2. 191 nails, hair); 3. 4. 121

ENCUMBERED, folded (N.E.D. with EXERCISE (sb.), act of devotion
a query, quoting this passage). (cf. Rich. Ill, 3. 7. 64 'in holy
Possibly=' striking a superior exercise'); 3. 1. 45
attitude'; 1. 5. 174
EXERCISES, manly sports (cf. A.Y.L.

ENDS, results; 3. 2. 212 1. r. 67 'Allow me such exer-

ENGAGED, entangled; 3. 3. 69 cise's as may become a gentle-
ENGINER, military engineer (cf. man'); 2. 2. 301

modem sapper); 3. 4. 206 EXPOSTULATE, debate, discourse
ENSEAMED,* loaded with grease. upon (cf. Two Gent. 3. 1. 251'
"The time now serves not to
'Seam' =(a) fat used in cloth expostulate'); 2. 2, 86
manufacture, (i) hog's-lard for
frying (cf. N.E.D. 'seam,' sb.3 1, EXPRESS (adj.), direct, purposive
z)j 3. 4. 92 (v. note); 2. 2. 309

GLOSSARY 271

EXTENT, 'condescension, the be- form 'fact* was in more common
haviour of a superior to an Elizabethan use); 4. 7. 6
inferior when he makes the first FEATURE, comeliness of proportion
advances' (Clar.); (cf. 'extend' (cf. Rich. Ill, 1. 1. 19 'Cheated
in All's Well, 3. 6. 65 ' T h e of Feature by dissembling Na-
duke shall. ..extend to you ture'); 3. 1. 162
what further becomes his great-
ness' and Tiv. Nt. 4. 1. 53 ' I n FEE, 'in fee' = in fee simple, with
this uncivil and unjust extent'); absolute possession, freehold;
2. 2. 376
4. 4. 22
EXTRAVAGANT, wandering out of FELL-INCENSED, fiercely angered;
bounds, vagrant; 1. 1. 154.
5. 2. 61
EYAS, young hawk; 2. 2. 342 FELLY or felloe, one of the curved
EYE, (i) 'in his eye,' in his presence;
pieces forming the rim of a
4 . 4 . 6 ; (ii) ' I have an eye of you,' wheel; 2. 2. 499
I have an eye on you, I am
watching you; 2. 2. 294 FETCH (sb.), device; 2. 1. 38
FIERCE, violent (cf. K. John, $. 7.
FACULTY, 'an inherent power or
property of the body or one of its 13 'Fierce extremes In their
organs' (N.E.D.); 2. 2. 308, 569 continuance will not feel them-
selves'); 1. 1. 117
FALSE FIRE, fire-works, or blank
discharge of fire-arms (N.E.D. FIND, (i) discover the secret of;
'false'14 b,'fire'8 a); 3. 2. 266 3.1.1885 (ii) return as a verdict;

FAMILIAR, friendly; 1. 3. 61 5- r> 8.
FANCY, (i) fantasticalness (cf.
FINE (adj.), (i) exquisite, subtle,
L.L.L. 1. 1. 170); 1. 3. 7 1 ; highly wrought; 2. 2. 450;
(ii) 'to fancy,' in taste or design; 4. 5.161; (ii) (a) pure, unalloyed,
(b) egregious, consummate (in
5- 2- 154- a contemptuous sense; cf.
FANTASY, imagination; 1. 1. 23, M.W.TV. 5. 1. 17 'the finest
mad devil of jealousy' and Oth.
54 4. 1. 155 ' I was a fine fool to
FARDEL, package, bundle (cf. Wint. take it'); 5. r. 104

4- 4- 713)5 3- I - 7 6 FINE (sb.), (a) a fictitious suit for
FARM, rent; 4. 4. 20 the conversion of estate tail into
fee simple (v. fee), (b) end;
FASHION OF HIMSELF, his usual 5. 1. 102, 103

behaviour; 3. r. 178 FINE (IN), finally; 2.2. 695 5.2.15
FAT, sweaty (v. note); 5. 2. 285 FINGER (vb.), filch; 5. 2. 15
FATNESS, grossness, slackness; FISHMONGER, bawd (v. note);

3-4-153 2. 2. 174
FAVOUR (sb.), (a) beauty, (b) face, FLAW, a sudden squall of wind;

aspect; 5. 1. 188 5. 1. 210
FEAR (sb.), solicitude, anxiety; FLUSH (adj.), lusty; 3. 3. 81

3-3-8 FLUSHING, redness; 1. 2. 155
FEAR (vb.), fear for; 4. 5. 122 FOIL (sb.), bated or blunted rapier
FEAT, evil deed (cf. Macb. 1. 7. 80
for fencing (v. note 5. 2. 222
'this terrible feat'5 the variant S.D.); 2. 2. 325; (a) fencing

272 GLOSSARY

foil, (b) anything that serves by ber With golden cherubins is
contrast to set off another thing fretted'); 2. 2. 305
to advantage; 5. 2. 253 FRIENDING, friendship; 1. 5. 185
FRONT (sb.), brow; 3. 4. 56
FOND, foolish; 1. 5. 99 FRONTIER, frontier town or fortress
FOOL, (i) ? baby (v. note); the word
(v. N.E.D. 'frontier' 5); 4 . 4 . 1 6
is commonly used by Sh. as a FRUIT, dessert; 2. 2. 52
term of endearment; 1. 3. 109; FUNCTION, bearing or action during
(ii) dupe; 1. 4. 54.
performance (of any kind);
FOOT, V. at foot; 4. 3. 53 2. 2. SS9
FUST, grow mouldy; 4. 4. 39
FOR A NEED, at need; 2. 2. 543
GAGED, engaged, staked; 1. I. 91
FORCED CAUSE (BY), by reason of GAINGIVING (sb.), misgiving; 5. 2.

compulsion; 5. 2. 381 213
GAIT, progress, going forward
FORDO, destroy; 2. 1. 100; 5. I .
215 (a variant of 'gate'); I. 2. 31
GALL (vb.), (i) make sore from rub-
FOREST OF FEATHERS, the plumes
bing or chafing; 5. 1. 137;
worn by tragedians (v. note 5. 2. (ii) vex; 1. 3. 395 (iii) graze}
96-7); 3. 2. 275 4. 7. 146

FORESTALLED, prevented; 3. 3. GALLED, sore from rubbing or
chafing (cf. ungalled)', I. 2, 1555
49 3. 2. 241
FORGERY, invention (not in a bad
GAMBOL (vb.), leap or start. Used
sense; cf. M.N.D. 2. 1. 81 of a horse shying (v. N.E.D. 1)}
'These are the forgeries of 3. 4. 144
jealousy'); 2. 1. 20; 4. 7. 88
FORM (sb.), (i) manners, gesture, GARB (sb.), manner, form of be-
facial expression; 1. 4. 30; haviour (cf. Hen. F, 5. I. 80
' H e could not speak English in
2. 2. 308, 560; (ii) sketch (cf. the native garb'); 2. 2. 376
K. yohn, 5. 7. 32 ' I am a scrib-
bled form, drawn with a pen')} GATHER, infer, make deductions}
1. 5. 100 2. 2. 108
FRAME (sb.), (i) form, order;
3. 2. 310; (ii) (a) the framework GENDER, sort, class, 'the general
of the gallows, (A) the wooden gender' = the common people}
frame made by a carpenter in 4. 7. 18
building a house; 5. I. 43
GENERAL (adj.), of the public}
FRANKLY, freely, without con- I. 4. 35; 2. 2. 5665 4. 7. 18
straint; 3. 1. 34
GENERAL (sb.), the public, the
FREE, (i) guiltless; 2. 2. 5675 common people; 2. 2. 442
3. 2. 2405 (ii) voluntary, uncon-
strained; 2. 2. 278; 4. 3. 60 GENTRY, courtesy, elegance; z. z.
2255.2. 114
FRET (vb.), (a) anger, irritate,
(b) furnish with frets, i.e. rings GERMANE (adj.), relevant, appro-
of gut or bars of wood to regu- priate; 5. 2. 160
late the fingering, as in a guitar
(v. Si. Eng. ii. 38); 3 . 2 . 374 GIB, tom-cat (a term of reproach)
3.4. 190
FRETTED, embossed (cf. Cymb.
2. 4. 88 'The roof o* the cham-

GLOSSARY 273

GILD, supply with money (cf. M.V. H A ? eh? ('eh?' unknown before
2. 6. 49 'gild myself with...: late 18th c ) ; 5. 1. 109
ducats'); 3. 3. 58
HANDSAW (V. note); 2. 2. 383
Gis (BY), by Jesus; 4. 5. 57 HANDSOME, stately, 'beautiful with

GIVE, God give; 1. 1. 16 dignity' (Dr Johnson); 2. 2. 450
GIVE WAY, allow free scope (cf. HANGERS, the straps by which the

2 Hen. IF, 5. 2. 82 ' I gave bold rapier hung from the belt (often
way to my authority' and Temp. richly ornamented); 5. 2. 153
1. 2. 186); 4. 6. 31
GLIMPSE, momentary flash or HAPPILY, haply; 1. 1. 134
gleam; thus 'the glimpses of the
moon' = the earth by night HAPPINESS, appropriateness, fe-
licity; 2. 2. 211
(N.E.D.)5i.4.53
Go ABOUT, (a) make it one's HARBINGER, lit. 'one that goes
before and announces the ap-
business, (b) with quibble on proach of some one' (N.E.D.),
naut. sense—change the course a forerunner; 1. 1. 118
of a ship; 3. 2. 349
GOD BYE TO YOU, GOD BYE YE, God HARD, reluctant, unwilling (with
be with you, goodbye; 2. I. 66 a quibble); 1. 2. 60
(v. note), etc.
HATCHMENT, an escutcheon, es-
GOD DILD, lit. God yield, God pecially a tablet showing the
reward you; 4. 5. 40 armorial bearings of a deceased
person; 4. 5. 213
GOD'S BODKIN. More commonly
'God's bodykins'=God's dear HAUNT (OUT OF), out of the society
body (diminutive of endearment). of others (cf. A.T.L. 2. 1. 15);
An oath, referring to the sacra- 4. 1. 18
mental bread; 2. 2. 533
HAVE, understand; 2. I. 655
GOOD NOW, please. A form of en-
treaty (cf, Wint. 5.1.19); r. 1.70 3- 2- 93
HAVIOUR, demeanour, behaviour;
GRACE, 'do grace to,' reflect credit
upon, do honour to; 1. 1. 131} 1. 2. 81; 2. 2. 12
HAVOC, indiscriminate slaughter
2. 2. 53
GRAINED, indelibly dyed; 3. 4. 90 (it is noteworthy that Shake-
speare often associates 'havoc'
GRIZZLED, grey; r. 2. 240 with the chase even when- he is
speaking of war; cf. Hen. F,
GROSS AND SCOPE, general drift} I. 2. 173 'To tear and havoc
1. 1. 68 more than she can eat'; Cor.
3. 1. 275 'Do not cry havoc
GROUND, 'upon what ground?' when you should but hunt With
= from what cause?; J. 1. 155 modest warrant'; jful. Caes.
3. 1. 273 'Cry "Havoc" and let
GROUNDLING, a spectator who paid slip the dogs of war'); 5. 2. 362
a penny to stand on the floor of
the playhouse, hence an un- HAWK, (a) mattock or pick-axe,
critical or unrefined auditor; (&) falcon (v. note); 2. 2. 383
3. 2. 11
HEAD (sb.), (i) source (lit. head of
GULES, the heraldic name for red} a stream; cf. All's Well, 1. 3.
2. 2.461 169 'Your salt tears' head')}
I . I. 106} (ii) an armed force
GULF, whirlpool} 3. 3. 16

*74 GLOSSARY

(cf. i Hen. IF, I. 3. 284 ' T o morris-dance, consisting of a man
save our heads, by raising of a riding a pasteboard or wicker
head')} 4. 5. 101 horse with his legs concealed
HEALTH, welfare, well-being beneath a footcloth (v. Douce,
(physical, mental or moral); ed. 1807, ii. p. 470, for a cut
1. 3. 2 1 ; 4. 7. 805 'spirit of and cf. Chambers, Med. Stage,
health'=angel; 1. 4. 40
1. 142, 258)5 (b) a prostitute (cf.
HEARSED, entombed; 1. 4. 47 L.L.L. 3. 1. 28-305 Oth. 4. 1.
160)5 3. 2. 132
HEAVY,* grievous, distressing; 3.3. HOIST, raise aloft, (here) blow up;
84; 4. 1. 12 3.4.207
HOLD OFF, maintain a reserve;
HEBONA, an imaginary poison, 2. 2. 295
associated with henbane (v. HOLD UP, maintain, continue; 5.1.31
note); 1. 5. 62 HOME (adv.), thoroughly; 3. 3. 29;

HECATE, Persephone, Queen of 3-4« r
Hell, presiding over witchcraft HONEST, (i) real, genuine; r. 5.
and magic rites; 3. 2. 258
1385 (ii) chastej 3. I. 103;
HECTIC (sb.), hectic or consump- (iii) respectable, with a quibble
tive fever; 4. 3. 6 j upon sense iij 2. 2. 176-785
3. 1. 123
HEIGHT (AT), at the highest point HOODMAN-BLIND, blindman's buff;
of excellence; I. 4. 21 3- +• 77
HORRID, horrible, dreadful; 2. 2.
HENT (sb.), (a) clutch, grasp (a rare 5665 3. 3. 88
sb. not found elsewhere in Sh.; HORRIDLY, horribly, dreadfully;
more common as a vb.; cf. Wint.
4. 3. 121 and Meas. 4. 6. 14); HUGGER-MUGGER, secrecy; 4. 5. 83
(J?) quibble on 'hint1 = oppor- HUMOROUS MAN, a fantastic dra-
tunity (sp. 'hent' in Oth. 1. 3.
matic character (like Jaques in
142); 3- 3- 88 A.T.L.); 2. 2. 326
HERALDY. Old form of 'heraldry, HUSBANDRY, thrift; 1. 3. 77
HYPERION, the sun god, Apollo;
the law of arms; 1. 1. 87; 2. 2. 1. 2. 1405 3. 4. 56
460
HYRCANIAN BEAST, the tiger. Cf.
HERCULES AND HIS LOAD. Refer-
Macb. 3. 4. 101. Hyrcania was
ence to the sign outside the the classical name for the wild
Globe theatre; 2. 2. 364 territory south of the Caucasus,
HEROD, king of Judaea, represented which abounded in savage beasts;
in miracle plays as blustering and 2. 2. 454
grandiose; 3. 2. 14
HEY-DAY, excitement of the spirits IDLE, out of one's mind, crazy
or passions; 3. 4. 69 (N.E.D. quotes Hall, Chron.
Hie ET UBIQUE, here and every- Rich. Ill, 55 b 'He...beganne a
where (v. note); 1. 5. 136 lytle to waxe ydle and weake in
his wit'); 3. 2. 88; 3. 4. 11
HIDE FOX AND ALL AFTER, a cry

formerly used in hide-and-seek;
4. 2. 29

HOBBY-HORSE, (a) a traditional
figure or character in the old
village festivals, esp. in the

GLOSSARY 275

IMAGE, likeness, representation; INDEX, table of contents at the
i. I. Si; 3. 2. 237
beginning of a book, (hence)
IMPART, bestow (v. note); 1. 2.
prelude; 3. 4. 52
112
INDIFFERENT (adj.), ordinary,
IMPARTMENT, communication; 1.
neither good nor bad; 2. 2. 229
4- 59
IMPASTED, formed into a paste or INDIFFERENT, INDIFFERENTLY,

crust; 2. 2. 463 (adv.), moderately, fairly; 3. 1.
IMPAWNED, staked, pledged a3
" 3 ; 3-2- 35! 5>2- I ° I
security; 5. 2. 151, 165 INDIRECTION,* roundabout methodj
IMPERIOUS, imperial; 5. 1. 207
IMPITEOUS, pitiless, impetuous 2. 1. 63

(v. note); 4. 5. 100 INDUED, endowed with appropriate
IMPLORATORS,* solicitors; r. 3.129
IMPORT (vb.), signify, make known; qualities (cf. Oth. 3. 4. 146)}

3.2.I375 4.3-62 4. 7. 178
IMPORTANT, urgent (cf. Ado, 2. I.
INFUSION, essence. A term of
63 'If the prince be too impor-
tant, tell him there is measure alchemy or medicine (cf. Per.
in everything'); 3. 4. 108
3. 2. 35—6 ' T h e blest infusions
IMPORTING, concerning; 1. Z. 23}
5. 2. 21 That dwell in vegetives, in

IMPOSTHUME, lit. abscess, (hence) metals, stones'); 5. 2. 121
swelling of pride, insolence, etc.}
4. 4. 27 INGENIOUS, noble, high-minded,

IMPRESS (sb.), enforced service (cf. 'delicately sensitive' (T.
Troth 2. 1. 107)5 1. 1. 75
Wright); 5. 1. 242
IMPUTATION, repute; 5. 2. 145
INHERITOR, possessor (cf. L.L.L.
INCAPABLE OF, insensitive to (cf.
capable); 4. 7. 177 2. 1. 5-6 'the sole inheritor Of

INCORPOKAL, incorporeal, imma- all perfections'); 5. 1. 109
terial; 3. 4. 118
INHIBITION, prohibition (of plays)
INCORPSED, made into one body
(with); 4. 7. 86 by authority; 2. 2. 335

INCORRECT, unchastened; 1. 2. 95 INNOVATION, revolution, rebellion

INDENTURES (A PAIR OF), a deed (v. note); 2. 2. 336

or legal document binding two INOCULATE, to engraft (a term-of
parties, in duplicate, both copies
being written on one piece of horticulture); 3. 1. 118
parchment or paper and then cut
apartin a serrated or sinuous line, INSINUATION, stealing into favour,
so that when brought together
again at any time the two edges ingratiation; 5. 2. 59
tally exactly and show that they
are parts of the same original; INSTANCE, (i) motive, cause; 3. 2.

5- I. 107 181; (ii) token (v. N.E.D. 7)}

4. 5. 162

INTIL, into; 5. 1. 73

INURN, inter. A use pec. to Sh. (cf.

'urn' =• grave, Hen. V, I. 2.

228)5 1. 4. 49

INVENTORIALLY, as with a list of

goods; 5. 2. 118

INVESTMENTS, (a) vestments (cf.

2 Hen. IF, 4. I. 45 'Whose

white investments figure in-

nocence'); (i) money invest-

ments; 1. 3. 128

Q-H.-2I

GLOSSARY

JEALOUSY, suspicion; 2. I . 110 j KIND, (a) sb. family, stock,
(I/) adj. natural, lawful, (c) adj.
4- 5- i9 affectionate; 1. 2. 655 4. 5. 146
JEPHTHAH, a Judge of Israel who (sense (c) only)

sacrificed his daughter in fulfil- KINDLESS, unnatural, incestuous;
ment of a foolish vow; 2. 2. 408 2. 2. 584
JIG, a farce or entertainment of
singing and dancing performed KNOW, recognise, acknowledge;
after a play (v. SA. Eng, ii. 261 I. 2. 211; 2. 2. 173; 5. 2. 7
and Chambers, Eliz. Stage, ii.
5505 2. 2. 504 KNOWING (adj.), intelligent; 4.7. 3;
(sb.) knowledge; 5. 2. 44
JIG-MAKER, a professional clown or
stage fool who composed or LA, 'an exclamation...used to
performed jigs; 3. 2. 123 call attention to an emphatic
statement* (N.E.D.); 4. 5. 55
JOHN-A-DREAMS. Usually asso-
ciated by edd. with John a LAPSED. Generally explained'hav-
Droynes, a country bumpkin, for ing let (time) slip'; better, I think,
whom v. McKerrow, Nashe, 'apprehended, arrested.' Cf. Ttv.
iii. 95 (note). There is nothing Nt. 3. 3. 36. N.E.D. (v. 'lap,'
dreamy about this stock figure. sb.1 6) commenting on the latter
I think Ham. is prob. alluding to passage suggests association with
some forgotten nursery character 'laps' and quotes Strype (1558)
like Little Johnny Head-in-airj 'fallen in the Lapse of the
2. 2. 571 Law' and Daus (1560) 'felinto
the lappes of their ennemies' (v.
JOINTRESS, a widow who holds a note); 3. 4. 107
jointure or life-interest (N.E.D.);
1. 2. 9 LAPWING. Said to run about when
newly hatched with its shell on
JOURNEYMAN, lit. an artisan who is its head; 5. 2. 186
not a master of his trade but
works for another, (hence) in- LARDED, (i) stuck over with;
different workman; 3. 2. 33 4. 5. 36; (ii) (a) garnished,
(&) greased (to make it go down
JOWL (vb.), strike, dash; 5. 1. j6 easily); 5. 2. 20
JUMP (adv.), just, exactly; 1.1. 655
LAW OF WRIT AND THE LIBERTZ
5- *• 373
JUST, sound, equable, well-balanced (v. note); 2. 2. 406
LAY, (i) wager; 5. 2.106; (ii) stipu-
(v.note)j 3.2. 52
late, lay down conditions; 5. 2.
KEEN, (a) harsh, bitter, (b) with a 166, 259; also 'lay on' (v.
strong appetite; 3. 2. 247 N.E.D. 'lay' v.1 28, 55)5 5. 2 .
168
KEEP (vb.), lodge (a word still used LAYING IN, burial; 5. 1. 161
at the older universities); 2. 1. 8 LAZAR-LIKE, like a leper; 1. 5. 72
LEAN ON, depend on (cf. 2. Hen. IVt
KEEP SHORT, keep rigidly con- I. 1. 163-64 'The lives...
fined or under strict discipline Lean on your health'); 4. 3. 56
(N.E.D.); 4. 1.18
LEAVE, give up (cf. M.V. 5.1.17.3);
KETTLE, kettledrum; 5. 2. 273
KIBE, a chilblain on the heelj 3.4- 91

5. 1.137

GLOSSARY

LECTURE, instruction; 2. 1. 64 cattle or horse breeding); cf.
Temp. 2. 1. 124 'loose her to
LENTEN, meagre; 2. 2. 320 an African'5 M.W.W. 2 . 1 . 164.
LET, hinder; 1.4. 85 'turn her loose to him' (v.
LETHE, the river of forgetfulnessj note); 2. 2. 162

x- 5- 33 LUXURY, lasciviousness, lustj 1. $,
LEVEL (adj.), (i) with direct aim,
83
straight; 4. 1. 42; (ii) plain,
straightforward, readily acces- MACHINE, 'applied to the human
sible to (cf. 2 Hen. IV, 4. 4. 7 and animal frame as a combina-
'everything lies level to our tion of several parts' (N.E.D.,
wish'); 4. 5. 151 quoting from 1687 'What
LIBERAL, (i) frank, licentious; Nobler Souls the Nobler Machins
4. 7. 169; (ii) 'liberal conceit,' Wear'); 2. 2 124
elaborate design; 5. 2. 155
LIE (vb.), in the legal sense, to be MAIN (sb.), (i) the main cause
admissible or sustainable; 3.3.61 (cf. 2 Hen. VI, 1. I. 208 'look
unto the main'); 2. 2. 56;
LIGHTNESS, lightheadedness; 2. 2. (ii) the chief or principal part,
149 the main body; 4. 4. 15

LIMED, caught (as with bird-lime) 5 MAINLY, forcibly, very greatly (cf.
3- 3- 68 1 Hen. IV, 2. 4. 222-3 'mainly,
thrust at me'); 4. 7. 9
LIST (sb.), (i) lit. catalogue of
soldiers, hence company, troop; MALLECHO = Spanish 'malhecho,'
1. 1. 985 1. 2. 32; (ii) boundary, misdeed, iniquity. N.E.D. as-
barrier; 4. 5. 99 serts that 'there is no evidence
that the Sp. word was familiar
LIVERY, (i) badge or cognizance in English,' but Dowden quotes
worn by retainer; 1. 4. 325 Shirley, Gentleman of Venice:
(ii) clothes or uniform denoting 'Be thou humble, Thou man of
some rank or calling; 3.4. 164; mallecho, or thou diest'j 3. 2.
4. 7. 78
I3S
LIVING, enduring, eternal; 5.1.291 MARGENT, margin, marginal note}
LOBBY, a passage or corridor out-
MARKET (sb.), profit, what one
side a large room, often used as makes or gets in exchange for
a waiting place or ante-room something else, or (perhaps)
(v. N.E.D. 'lobby' 2 and cf. traffic; 4. 4. 34
2 Hen. VI, 4. 1. 61 'How in our
voiding lobby hast thou stood')} MART, traffic, bargaining; 1. I. 74
2. 2. 161 MATIN, daybreak, lit. the religious
LOGGATS, a game, rather like nine-
pins, in which missiles were office recited at daybreak} I. 5.
thrown at wooden pins or bones 89
fixed in the ground (v. Sh. Eng. MATTER (sb.), (a) subject matter,
ii. 465-66); 5. 1. 90 (i) business, affair (v. note);
LONG PURPLE, early purple orchis, 2. 2. 194; business; 2. 2. 485;
Orchis mascula\ 4. 7. 168 i love-affair, love-making (v.
LOOSE (vb.), (a) release (as a dog note); 3. 2. 114.
from a leash), (6) turn loose (in

278 GLOSSARY

MAZZARD, skull, head (lit. a drink- 'Both more and less have given
ing cup or bowl); 5. 1. 87 him the revolt'); 5. 2. 355
MOREOVER THAT, besides that;
MEANS, manner; 4. 5. 212
MEED, wages, hire; 'in his meed' 2. 2. 2

«= in his pay (v. note); 5. 2. 146 MORTISED, closely and firmly fixed
MERE, pure, sheer; 5. I. 278 (as with mortise and tenon);
MERELY, completely; 1. 2. 137
3- 3- 2 0
MESS, table; 5. 2. 89 MOTION (sb.), (i) impulse, desire;
METAL, a magnet (with a quibble
3. 4. 72; (ii) a fencing term
on 'mettle'); 3. 2. 107 signifying a practised and regu-
MICHING, sneaking (for mis- lated movement of the bodyj
4. 7. 100, 156
chievous or improper purposes); MOULD (sb.), model; 3. 1. 156
MOUNT (ON), conspicuously, in
MILCH, lit. giving milk, (hence) view of all; 4. 7. 28
moist; 2. 2. 521 MOUNTEBANK, itinerant quack;
4. 7. 140
MINERAL (sb.), mine; 4. 1. 26 MOUSE, pet name for a woman or
.Mo, more in quantity. Rare (but girl (cf. L.L.L. 5.2.19, Tw.Nt.
1.5. 61); 3.4. 183
cf. Temp. 5. 1. 235 'mo MOUTH (vb.), utter in a pompously
diversity'). Generally = more oratorical style, declaim; 3. 2. 3;
in number; 3. 1. 150 5. 1. 277
MOBLED, muffled ('survives in MOUTHS, 'make mouths at* = gri-
Warwickshire,' Onions); 2. 2. mace in derision, scorn; 4. 4. 5 0
506 Mow (sb.), grimace; 2. 2. 367
MODEL, counterpart in miniature MUDDIED, confused, agitated; 4. 5.
(cf. Rick. II, 3. 2. 153)55. 2. 50 80
MODESTY, (i) sense of shame (cf. MUDDY-METTLED, thick-witted,
Lyly, Mother Bombie, 3. 1 dull; 2. 2. 570
' I can neither without danger MURDERING PIECE, a small cannon
smother the fire, nor without loaded with shrapnel, so as to
modestie disclose my furie'); inflict a number of wounds;
2. 2. 283; (ii) moderation, re- 4. 5. 94
straint; 2. 2. 445; 3. 2. 19; MUSTY, stale; 3. 2. 346
5. 1. 202 MUTE (sb.), an actor who has no
MOIETY, portion; 1. 1. 90 speaking part; 5. 2. 333
MUTINE (sb.), mutineer; 5- 2- 6
MOLE, blemish; 1. 4. 24 MUTINE (vb.), mutiny, revolt;
MONUMENT, prodigy (v. note); J. 3- 4- 83

1. 291 NAKED, destitute, devoid of re-
MOPE, be bewildered, 'move and sources; 4. 7. 44

act without the impulse and NAPKIN, handkerchief (cf. Oth.
guidance of thought' (Schmidt); 3. 3. 290 ' I am glad I have
3.4.81 found this napkin'); 5. 2. 286

MORE ABOVE, moreover; 2. 2. 126

MORE AND LESS, great and small
(cf. 2 Hen. IF, 1. I. 209
'And more and less do flock to
follow him' and Macb. 5. 4. 12

GLOSSARY 279

NATIVE (adj.), (i) closely related} O'ER-LEAVEN, lit. put too much
1. 2. 47; (ii) natural; 3. 1. 84 leaven in the bread, (hence)
'imbue to excess with some
NATURE, natural affection (cf. modifying element' (N.E.D.);
Z Hen. IV, 4. 5. 39; Mack
I. 5. 46); I. 2. 102; I. 5. 8lJ 1. 4. 29
3. 2. 396; 3. 3. 32; 4. 5. l 6 l j O'ER-RAUGHT, overtook, came up
5. 2. 229, 242
with; 3. 1. 17
NAUGHT, improper, lewd; 3. 2.145
NAVE, the hub of a wheel; 2. 2. 500 O'ER-REACH, get the better of;
NEIGHBOURED TO, intimately asso- 5. 1. 78

ciated with; 2. 2. 12 O'ER-SIZED, covered, painted; 2. 2.
NEMEAN LION, a fierce lion killed 466

by Hercules (cf. L.L.L. 4.1.87) j O'ER-TEEMED, worn out by ex-
1.4.83 cessive breeding; 2. 2. 512

NERO. The reference is to the fact O'ERTOOK, overcome by drinkj
that Nero killed his mother, 2. 1. 56
Agrippina; 3. 2. 397
OFFENCE, (a) anything offensive,
NERVE, muscle, ligament (as always {b) crime, injury; 1. 5. 135;
in Shakespeare; cf. Cor. 2. 1. 177 3. 2. 232; (sense b only 3. 3.
'Death.. .in's nervy arm doth
lie'); 1. 4. 83 36, 56, S.8)
OMEN, ominous event (cf. Hey-
NICKNAME (vb.), misname; 3.1.148
NIOBE, a daughter of Tantalus, who wood, Life of Merlin 'His
country's omen did long since
wept unceasingly for her chil- foretell'); 1. 1. 119
dren slain by the gods, and was ONCE, ever (cf. A. & C. 5. 2. 50
finally turned into stone, from 'If idle talk will once be neces-
which the tears still trickled; sary'); 1. 5. 121
1. 2. 149 OPEN TO, notorious for; 2. r. 30
NOBILITY, high degree, generosity; OPPOSITE (sb.), (i) a contrary or
hostile thing; 3. 2. 219; (ii) op-
1. 2. n o ponent; 5. 2. 62
NOYANCE, harm; 3. 3. 13 OR (conj.), before; 1. 2. 1835
5. 2. 30
OBSEQUIOUS, 'dutiful in performing ORDINANT, guiding, directive; 5. 2.
funeral obsequies or manifesting
regard for the dead; proper to ORE, gold. By confusion with'Or'
obsequies' (N.E.D.); 1. 2. 92 the heraldic name for gold
(Dr Johnson; Cotgrave glosses
OBSERVER, courtier, one who pays 'ore' as 'gold'); 4. 1. 25
respect (cf. Jul. Caes. 4. 3. 45);
OSTENTATION, display (in a good
OCCASION, opportunity; 1. 3. 545 sense); 4. 5. 214
2. 2. 16
OUTSTRETCHED, 'strained, puffed
OCCULTED, hidden; 3. 2. 78 up, hyperbolical' (Schmidt; cf.
OCCURRENT, occurrence; 5. 2. 355 Meas. 2. 4. 153); 2. 2. 267
O'ER-CROW, triumph over, (hence)
OVERPEER, tower above (cf. M.V.
overpower. A term from cock- 1. 1. 12; K. John 3. i . 23);
fighting; 5. 2. 352 4. 5. 99