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Published by Cikgu Masni, 2021-03-08 18:30:49

Ulangkaji Ekspres Tingkatan 1

Ulangkaji Ekspres Tingkatan 1

REVISI EKSPRES 1

Arahan: Jawab soalan-soalan yang berikut.
Instructions: Answer the following questions.

1 (a) Fizik , kimia dan biologi adalah tiga cabang sains.
(b) Physics , chemistry and biology are three branches of science.
Jurutera , guru sains dan doktor adalah tiga contoh kerjaya sains.
Engineer , science teacher and doctor are three examples of science careers.

2 Namakan radas di bawah./Name the apparatus below.

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

Silinder penyukat Kaki retort Tungku kaki tiga Mangkuk penyejat Corong turas
Measuring cylinder Retort stand Filter funnel
Tripod stand Evaporating dish

3 Nyatakan unit S.I. bagi kuantiti fizik yang berikut./State the S.I. units for the following physical quantities.

(a) Panjang/Length : Meter/Metre (d) Suhu/Temperature : Kelvin

(b) Jisim/Mass : Kilogram (e) Arus elektrik/Electric current : Ampere
(c) Masa/Time : Saat/Second


4 Nyatakan nilai imbuhan awalan bagi yang berikut./State the prefix values for the following.
(d) desi/deci : 0.1 (g) mili/milli : 0.001
(a) mega : 1 000 000 (e) senti/centi : 0.01
(b) giga : 1 000 000 000 (h) mikro/micro : 0.000 001
(c) nano : 0.000 000 001 (f) kilo : 1 000

5 Tukarkan unit kuantiti fizik kepada bentuk imbuhan awalan yang lain.
Change the units of physical quantities to other prefix forms.

(a) 0.000 009 m : 9 μ m (d) 0.000 000 004 m : 4 n m (g) 7 500 m : 7.5 k m
(b) 6 000 000 g : 6 M g (e) 0.6 m : 6 d m (h) 0.02 m : 2 c m
(c) 3 000 000 000 m : 3 G m (f) 0.007 m : 7 m m

6 Namakan alat pengukuran dan nyatakan kuantiti fizik yang diukur/disukat olehnya di dalam petak.
Name the measuring tools and state the physical quantities measured by the tools in the boxes.

(a) (b) (c)

Pita pengukur/Measuring tape Neraca tuas/Lever balance Angkup vernier/Vernier calipers
Panjang/Length Jisim/Mass Panjang/Length

(d) (e) (f)

Jam randik/Stopwatch Tolok skru mikrometer Ammeter/Ammeter
Masa/Time Micrometer screw gauge Arus/Current

Panjang/Length

147

(g) (h) (i)

Penimbang digital Termometer klinik Angkup vernier digital
Digital balance Clinical thermometer Digital vernier calipers

Jisim/Mass Suhu/Temperature Panjang/Length

(j) (k) (l)

Neraca tiga palang Termometer digital Tolok skru mikrometer digital
Triple beam balance Digital thermometer Digital micrometer screw gauge

Jisim/Mass Suhu/Temperature Panjang/Length

7 Tulis formula ketumpatan. Ketumpatan/Density = isi jisim/mass
Write the formula for density. padu/volume

8 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebiji gabus 1.25 g ditenggelamkan dalam air di dalam sebuah silinder penyukat.
The diagram below shows a cork with a mass of 1.25 g that is immersed in the water in a measuring cylinder.

(a) Hitung ketumpatan gabus.
Calculate the density of the cork.

Isi padu gabus/Volume of the cork 63 cm3

= 63 cm3 – 58 cm3 = 5 cm3

Ketumpatan gabus/Density of the cork 58 cm3 Gabus
Batu Cork
= 1.25 g = 0.25 g/cm3 Stone Batu
5 cm3 Stone

(b) Berikan satu sebab mengapa gabus diikat kepada batu untuk menenggelamkannya dalam air.

Give one reason why the cork is tied to a stone for immersing it in the water.

Gabus kurang tumpat daripada air./The cork is less dense than water.

9 Lengkapkan peta alir bagi menunjukkan langkah-langkah penyiasatan saintifik mengikut urutan yang betul.
Complete the flow map to show the steps of scientific investigation in the correct sequence.

Membuat hipotesis Mengenal pasti masalah Membuat laporan Membuat kesimpulan
Making a hypothesis Identifying a problem Making a report Making a conclusion

(a) Mengenal pasti (b) Membuat Mengawal Merancang
masalah hipotesis pemboleh ubah penyiasatan
Identifying a Making a Controlling Planning the
problem hypothesis variables investigation

Menjalankan eksperimen (c) Membuat (d) Membuat
Conduct experiment kesimpulan laporan
• Mengumpul, menganalisis dan mentafsir data Making a
Collect, analyse and interpreting the data conclusion Making a
report
148

REVISI EKSPRES 2

Arahan: Jawab soalan-soalan yang berikut.
Instructions: Answer the following questions.

1 Label bahagian sel-sel hidupan di bawah.
Label the parts of the living cells shown below.

P: Membran sel T: Dinding sel
Cell membrane Cell wall

Q: Nukleus U: Kloroplas
Nucleus Chloroplast

R: Sitoplasma V: Vakuol
Cytoplasm Vacuole

Sel haiwan S: Mitokondria Sel tumbuhan
Animal cell Mitochondrion Plant cell

2 Organisma unisel terdiri daripada hanya satu sel dan organisma multisel terdiri daripada
banyak sel.
Unicellular organisms consist of only one cell and multicellular organisms consist of many cells.

3 Namakan organisma di bawah. Nyatakan sama ada organisma itu merupakan organisma unisel (U) atau
multisel (M) di dalam petak yang diberi.
Name the organisms below. State whether they are unicellular (U) or multicellular (M) organisms in the boxes
provided.

(a) U (b) U (c) M (d) M

Amoeba Paramecium Spirogyra Hydra

4 Lengkapkan organisasi sel yang berikut./Complete the following cell organisation.

Tisu/Tissues Organ/Organs Sistem/Systems Organisma/Organism
Sel/Cells

5 Berdasarkan organ yang diberi, namakan jenis sistem dalam badan manusia.

Based on the given organs, name the systems in the human body.

(a) Sendi, tulang : Sistem rangka (b) Ovari, testis, uterus : Sistem pembiakan
: Skeletal system Ovaries, testes, uterus : Reproductive system
Joints, bones

6 Tuliskan persamaan perkataan bagi respirasi sel./Write the word equation for cellular respiration.

Glukosa + Oksigen Karbon dioksida + Air + Tenaga
Glucose Oxygen Carbon dioxide Water Energy

7 Tuliskan persamaan perkataan bagi fotosintesis./Write the word equation for photosynthesis.

Karbon dioksida + Air Cahaya matahari/Sunlight Glukosa + Oksigen
Carbon dioxide Water Klorofil/Chlorophyll Glucose Oxygen

149

REVISI EKSPRES 3

Arahan: Jawab soalan-soalan yang berikut.
Instructions: Answer the following questions.

1 Homeostasis ialah pengawalaturan badan untuk mengekalkan keseimbangan persekitaran dalam
badan. is the regulation of the body to maintain a balanced internal environment.
Homeostasis

2 Contoh homeostasis dalam manusia adalah pengawalaturan air dan suhu badan.
and temperature of the body.
Examples of homeostasis in humans include the regulation of water

3 Lengkapkan peta pelbagai alir di bawah tentang pengawalaturan air dalam badan manusia.

Complete the multi-flow map below on water regulation in the human body.

(a) (i) Ginjal menambahkan lebih banyak air kepada

Aras air air kencing.

dalam darah Pengawalaturan The kidneys add more water to the urine.
meningkat air (ii) Isi padu air kencing yang besar terhasil.
The water Water regulation
level in the A large volume of urine is produced.
blood rises

(b) (i) Ginjal menambahkan kurang air kepada
water to the urine.
Aras air Pengawalaturan air kencing. less
dalam darah air The kidneys add
menurun Water regulation
The water (ii) Isi padu air kencing yang kecil terhasil.
level in the A small volume of urine is produced.
blood drops

4 Lengkapkan peta pelbagai alir di bawah tentang pengawalaturan suhu dalam badan manusia dalam keadaan
terlalu panas.
Complete the multi-flow map below on the regulation of temperature in the human body when the condition is too hot.

(a) Lebih berpeluh.
Sweating increases  .

Terlalu panas Pengawalaturan suhu (b) Bulu roma condong dan rapat dengan
Too hot Temperature regulation kulit.
Hairs lie flat and close to the skin.

(c) Salur darah dalam kulit mengembang  .
The blood vessels in the skin dilate  .

(d) Kadar metabolisme badan berkurang  .
The body metabolic rate decreases  .

5 Tumbuhan mengawal atur air melalui proses transpirasi  .
Plants regulate water through the process of transpiration  .

150

REVISI EKSPRES 4

Arahan: Jawab soalan-soalan yang berikut.
Instructions: Answer the following questions.

1 (a) Pembiakan seks melibatkan pergabungan gamet jantan dan gamet betina.
Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of a male gamete and a female gamete.
hanya melibatkan satu individu organisma tanpa melibatkan sel pembiakan.
(b) Pembiakan aseks only involves one individual organism without involving reproductive cells.
Asexual reproduction

2 Kategorikan organisma mengikut jenis pembiakan aseks.
Categorise the organisms according to the types of asexual reproduction.

Mucor Paramecium Amoeba Bakteria Paku pakis Tomato
Ferns Tomato
Mucor Paramecium Amoeba Bacteria Kunyit Orkid
Turmeric Orchid
Hydra Rumput Yis Tapak sulaiman

Hydra Grass Yeast Starfish

(a) Belahan dedua/Binary fission : Amoeba, Paramecium, bakteria/Amoeba, Paramecium, bacteria

(b) Pertunasan/Budding : Yis, Hydra/Yeast, Hydra

(c) Penjanaan semula/Regeneration : Tapak sulaiman/Starfish

(d) Pembentukan spora/Spore formation : Mucor, paku pakis/Mucor, ferns

(e) Pembiakan vegetatif/Vegetative reproduction : Kunyit, rumput/Turmeric, grass

(f) Kultur tisu/Tissue culture : Tomato, orkid/Tomato, orchid

3 Label organ sistem pembiakan lelaki dan nyatakan fungsinya.
Label the organs in the male reproductive system and state their functions.

P: Duktus sperma/Sperm duct T: Kelenjar prostat/Prostate gland
Fungsi/Function:
Menyalurkan sperma dari testis Fungsi/Function:
Menghasilkan bendalir yang
Channels sperms from the testis
mengaktifkan sperma/Produces

Q: Skrotum/Scrotum R: Uretra/Urethra a fluid that activates sperms
S: Zakar/Penis
Fungsi/Function: U: Testis/Testis
Melindungi testis Fungsi/Function:
Menghasilkan sperma
Protects the testis Produces sperms

4 Label organ sistem pembiakan perempuan dan nyatakan fungsinya.
Label the organs of female reproductive system and state its function.

V: Tiub Falopio/Fallopian tube Y: Uterus/Uterus
Fungsi/Function: Fungsi/Function:
Tempat persenyawaan berlaku Melindungi embrio/fetus
The place where fertilisation Protects the embryo/foetus
occurs
Z: Ovari/Ovary
W: Serviks/Cervix Fungsi/Function:
Menghasilkan ovum
X: Faraj/Vagina Produces ova

151

5 Nyatakan proses yang berlaku pada X dan Y serta fasa Z dalam kitar haid.

State the processes which occur in X and Y and phase Z in the menstrual cycle.

15 14 28 1 5 (a) Proses/Process X : Haid/Menstruation

X (b) Proses/Process Y : Pengovulan/Ovulation
Y (c) Fasa/Phase Z : Fasa subur/Fertile phase
Z

6 Lengkapkan peta alir di bawah untuk menunjukkan pergerakan sperma dari badan lelaki ke tiub Falopio.
Complete the flow map below to show the movement of sperms from the male body to the Fallopian tube.

Testis Duktus sperma Kelenjar prostat Uretra Zakar
Testis Sperm duct Prostate gland Urethra Penis

Faraj Serviks Uterus Tiub Falopio
Vagina Cerviks Uterus Fallopian tube

7 Lengkapkan peta alir tentang perkembangan zigot kepada bayi.
Complete the flow map on the development of a zygote into a baby.

Persenyawaan Zigot Embrio Fetus Bayi
Fertilisation Zygote Embryo Foetus Baby

8 Label struktur dalam uterus dan nyatakan fungsinya.
Label the structures of the uterus and state their functions.

P: Tali pusat/Umbilical cord Fetus Q: Plasenta/Placenta
Fungsi/Function: Foetus Fungsi/Function:
Menghubungkan plasenta Membekalkan makanan dan
dengan fetus/Connects the
placenta with the foetus oksigen kepada fetus/Supplies

food and oxygen to the foetus

9 Berdasarkan rajah yang diberikan, namakan alat atau kaedah pencegahan kehamilan.
Based on the given diagrams, name the devices or the methods of birth control.

(a) (b) (c)

Testis Duktus
Testis sperma
Sperm
duct

Implan Alat kontraseptif dalam Vasektomi
Implant uterus/Intrauterine Vasectomy
contraceptive device (IUCD)

(d) (e) (f)

Ovari Tiub Falopio
Ovary Fallopian tube

Ligasi Kondom Pil pencegah hamil
Ligation Condom Contraceptive pills

152

10 (a) Label struktur bunga dan isi tempat kosong./Label the parts of a flower and fill in the blanks.

(iii) Stamen (i) Anter (iv) Stigma (vii) Pistil
Stamen Anther Stigma Pistil
(Organ
jantan) (ii) Filamen (v) Stil (Organ
(Male Filament Style betina)
organ) (Female
(ix) Ranggi (vi) Ovari organ)
Petal Ovary

(x) Sepal (viii) Ovul
Sepal Ovule

(b) Nyatakan fungsi bahagian-bahagian bunga./State the functions of the parts of a flower.

(i) Ovari/Ovary : Menghasilkan ovul/Produces ovule

(ii) Anter/Anther : Menghasilkan butir debunga/Produces pollen grains

(iii) Filamen/Filament : Memegang anter/Holds the anther

(iv) Stigma/Stigma : Menerima butir debunga/Receives pollen grains

11 Selepas persenyawaan, ovul akan berkembang menjadi biji benih manakala ovari akan menjadi buah .
After fertilisation, the ovule will develop to become a seed while the ovary will become a fruit .

12 (a) Pendebungaan sendiri berlaku apabila butir debunga dari anter sekuntum bunga berpindah ke stigma

pada bunga yang sama, atau stigma pada bunga yang lain pada pokok yang sama.

Self-pollination occurs when pollen grains from the anther of a flower are transferred to the stigma

of the same flower, or the stigma of a different flower on the same tree.

(b) Pendebungan kacuk berlaku apabila butir debunga dari anter sekuntum bunga berpindah ke stigma
bunga pada pokok yang berlainan./ Cross-pollination occurs when pollen grains from the anther of a

flower are transferred to the stigma of a flower in another tree.

(c) Pendebungaan kacuk digunakan untuk menghasilkan tanaman yang bermutu tinggi dan mempunyai
rintangan terhadap jangkitan penyakit  ./The cross-pollination is used to produce crops which

are high in quality and are resistant to the infection of diseases  .

13 Nyatakan syarat-syarat untuk percambahan biji benih./State the conditions of the seed germination.

(a) Udara/Air (b) Air/Water (c) Suhu yang sesuai/A suitable temperature

14 Label struktur biji benih dan nyatakan fungsinya./Label the parts of a seed and state their functions.

P: Testa/Testa S: Plumul/Plumule

Fungsi/Function: Fungsi/Function:
Melindungi biji benih Berkembang menjadi pucuk

Protects the seeds Develops into the shoot

Q: Mikropil/Micropyle R: Radikel/Radicle T: Kotiledon/Cotyledon
Fungsi/Function: Fungsi/Function: Fungsi/Function:
Membenarkan udara dan air Berkembang menjadi akar Membekalkan makanan untuk
Develops into the root
memasuki biji benih percambahan biji benih
153
Allows air and water to enter Supplies food for seed

the seed germination

REVISI EKSPRES 5

Arahan: Jawab soalan-soalan yang berikut. Bikar Ditekan
Instructions: Answer the following questions. Beaker Is pressed

1 Nyatakan kesimpulan bagi aktiviti-aktiviti di bawah.
State the conclusions for the activities below.

(a) (b)

Tali
String

Belon Jarum Air
Balloon Jeedle Water

Udara mempunyai jisim Udara memenuhi ruang
Air has mass Air occupies space

2 Lukis susunan zarah-zarah dalam tiga keadaan jirim di dalam petak yang disediakan.
Draw the arrangement of the particles in the three states of matter in the boxes provided.

Pepejal Cecair Gas
Solid Liquid Gas

3 Bandingkan zarah-zarah dalam tiga keadaan jirim dalam jadual di bawah.
Compare the particles in the three states of matter in the table below.

Ciri-ciri/Property Pepejal/Solid Cecair/Liquid Gas/Gas

(a) Susunan zarah Sangat rapat Kurang rapat Berjauhan
Arrangement of particles Very close Less close Far apart

(b) Tarikan antara zarah Sangat kuat Lemah Sangat lemah
Attraction between particles Very strong Weak Very weak

(c) Kandungan tenaga kinetik Sangat rendah Low Sangat tinggi
Kinetic energy content Very low Rendah Very high

(d) Kebolehan dimampat Tidak boleh Sukar Boleh
Compressibility Cannot Difficult Can

4 Gariskan jawapan yang betul tentang ciri-ciri jirim.
Underline the correct answers on the properties of matter.
(a) (Pepejal, Cecair, Gas) mempunyai bentuk yang tetap.

(Solids, Liquids, Gases) have a fixed shape.
(b) (Pepejal, Cecair, Gas) mempunyai isi padu yang tetap.

(Solids, Liquids, Gases) have a fixed volume.
(c) Zarah-zarah dalam keadaan (pepejal, cecair, gas) ditarik bersama oleh daya tarikan yang sangat kuat.

Particles in the (solid, liquid, gaseous) state are held together by very strong forces of attraction.
(d) Zarah-zarah dalam keadaan (pepejal, cecair, gas) mempunyai tenaga kinetik yang paling tinggi.

Particles in the (solid, liquid, gaseous) state have the highest kinetic energy.
(e) Apabila dipanaskan, jarak antara zarah-zarah dalam bahan akan (bertambah, berkurang).

When heated, the distance between the particles in a substance will (increase, decrease).
(f) Apabila dimampatkan, daya tarikan antara zarah-zarah akan (bertambah, berkurang).

Upon compression, the forces of attraction between the particles will (increase, decrease).

154

5 Susun keadaan jirim (pepejal, cecair atau gas) bagi kadar resapan zarah dalam urutan menaik.
Arrange the states of matter (solid, liquid or gas) for the rate of diffusion of particles in ascending order.

Pepejal/Solid Cecair/Liquid Gas/Gas

Bertambah/Increasing

6 Nyatakan proses yang terlibat dalam perubahan keadaan jirim. Nyatakan sama ada haba diserap (S) atau
terbebas (B) semasa proses itu./State the processes involved in the changes of state of matter. State whether heat
is absorbed (A) or released (R) during the processes.

P Pepejal U Proses/Process Haba/Heat
Q Solid T P: Pemejalwapan/Sublimation B/R
S/A
Gas R Cecair Q: Pemejalwapan/Sublimation S/A
Gas S Liquid
R: Pendidihan atau penyejatan B/R
Boiling or evaporation B/R
S: Kondensasi/Condensation

T: Pembekuan/Freezing

U: Peleburan/Melting S/A

7 Takat suhu tidak berubah semasa peleburan ais, pembekuan air dan pendidihan air.

The temperature remain unchanged during the melting of ice, freezing of water and boiling of water.

8 Jisim kekal tidak berubah semasa perubahan fizikal seperti peleburan dan pengembangan

bahan.

The mass remains unchanged during a physical change such as the melting and expansion of a substance.

9 Nyatakan takat yang proses-proses ini berlaku./State the points at which these processes occur.
(a) Peleburan/Melting : Takat lebur/Melting point
(b) Pembekuan/Freezing : Takat beku/Freezing point
(c) Pendidihan/Boiling : Takat didih/Boiling point

10 Namakan perubahan keadaan jirim yang berlaku dalam kehidupan harian.
Name the changes of state of matter that occur in daily life.

Kejadian Perubahan keadaan jirim
Occurrence Change of state of matter

(a) Pemanasan lilin. Peleburan
Heating of a candle. Melting

(b) Ais kering (pepejal karbon dioksida) bertukar menjadi gas. Pemejalwapan
Dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) becomes a gas. Sublimation

(c) Pakaian basah dijemur di bawah Matahari. Penyejatan
Wet clothes dry in the Sun. Evaporation

(d) Awan bertukar kepada air hujan. Kondensasi
Clouds become rainwater. Condensation

(e) Air bertukar menjadi ais. Freezing
Water becomes ice. Pembekuan

(f) Pembentukan embun pada daun. Kondensasi
Formation of dew drops on a leaf. Condensation

(g) Minyak wangi dalam botol yang tidak bertutup menjadi kering. Penyejatan
Perfume drying up in an open bottle. Evaporation

155

REVISI EKSPRES 6

Arahan: Jawab soalan-soalan yang berikut.
Instructions: Answer the following questions.

1 Pilih jawapan yang betul./Choose the correct answer. 3 Nyatakan zarah-zarah subatom.
Semua jirim terdiri daripada (atom, molekul). (Atom, Molekul) State the subatomic particles.

merupakan gabungan sekumpulan (atom, molekul). P: Elektron/Electron

All matter is made up of (atoms, molecules). (An atom, A molecule) is
a combination of a group of (atoms, molecules).

2 Atom terbina daripada zarah-zarah subatoms  , iaitu  , Q: Proton
proton , neutron dan elektron . R: Neutron

An atom is made up of subatomic particles which are protons

neutrons and electrons  .

4 Lengkapkan ruang dalam Jadual Berkala yang berikut./Complete the spaces in the following Periodic Table.

Gas nadir Logam Kala Kumpulan Bukan logam Separuh logam
Inert gas Metal Period Group Non-metal Semi-metal

P: Kumpulan/Group 1 18
12 13 14 15 16 17
U: Gas nadir/Inert gas

Q: Kala/Period

R: Logam/Metal S: Separuh logam/Semi-metal T: Bukan logam/Non-metal

5 Tentukan jenis bahan di bawah (unsur, sebatian atau campuran).
Determine the types of substances below (element, compound or mixture).

(a)




Sebatian/Compound C ampuran/MixtureCam puran/(Mivix) tuUrde ar a/Air Unsur/Element
(b) (i) Air laut/Seawater : : Campuran/Mixture

(ii) Besi/Iron : Unsur/Element (v) Merkuri/Mercury : Unsur/Element

(iii) Air/Water : Sebatian/Compound (vi) Garam/Salt : Sebatian/Compound

6 Lengkapkan pengelasan jirim di bawah./Complete the classification of matter below. Contoh: Emas
(d) Logam/Metals Example: Gold

(a) Unsur/Elements Contoh: Karbon
Example: Carbon
(e) Bukan logam/Non-metals

Jirim (b) Campuran/Mixtures Contoh: Air laut
Matter Example: Seawater

(c) Sebatian/Compounds Contoh: Natrium klorida
Example: Sodium chloride

156

7 Tandakan ( ✓) jenis unsur berdasarkan cirinya./Tick ( ✓ ) the types of elements based on their characteristics.
Logam/Metal Bukan logam/Non-metal

(a) Takat lebur rendah/Low melting point: ✓

(b) Permukaan berkilat/Shiny surface: ✓

(c) Ketegangan permukaan rendah/Low tensile strength: ✓
(d) Boleh ditempa/Malleable:


(e) Mulur/Ductile: ✓

(f) Konduktor haba yang lemah/Poor conductor of heat: ✓
(g) Ketumpatan tinggi/High density:


(h) Mengkonduksi elektrik/Conducts electricity: ✓

8 Lengkapkan persamaan perkataan di bawah./Complete the word equation below.
Magnesium/Magnesium + oksigen/oxygen → magnesium oksida/magnesium oxide

9 Cadangkan satu kaedah untuk mengasingkan campuran yang berikut.
Suggest one method of separation for each of the following mixtures.

Campuran/Mixture Kaedah/Method Campuran/Mixture Kaedah/Method

(a) Serbuk besi dan pasir Gunakan magnet . (d) Pasir dan cuka Penurasan
Iron filings and sand Using a magnet  . Sand and vinegar Filtration

(b) Alkohol dan air Penyulingan (e) Gula kasar dan halus Penapisan
Alcohol and water Distillation Coarse and fine sugar Sieving

(c) Kerosin dan air Gunakan corong pemisah  . (f) Garam dan air Penyejatan
Kerosene and water Using a separating funnel  . Salt and water Evaporation

(g) Garam dan pasir Larutkan garam dalam air, turaskan pasir dan sejatkan air
Salt and sand
untuk memperoleh garam .
filter the sand and evaporate the water
Dissolve the salt in water,

to obtain the salt  .

10 Sebatian seperti natrium klorida dapat dipisahkan kepada unsur-unsurnya melalui elektrolisis .
A compound such as sodium chloride can be separated into its elements by electrolysis  .

11 (a) Perubahan fizik ialah perubahan yang tidak melibatkan pembentukan bahan baharu.
A physical change is a change that does not involve the formation of a new substance.

(b) Perubahan kimia ialah perubahan yang melibatkan pembentukan bahan baharu.
A chemical change is a change that involves the formation of a new substance.

12 Kenal pasti perubahan fizik (F) dan perubahan kimia (K) bagi situasi yang berikut.
Identify the physical changes (P) and chemical changes (C) for the following situations.

(a) Pereputan daun K/C (f) Pembakaran kertas K/C
Decay of a leaf Burning of paper F/P
K/C
(b) Pengaratan besi K/C (g) Pembentukan embun pada daun K/C
Rusting of iron Formation of dew drops on a leaf F/P

(c) Fotosintesis K/C (h) Memanaskan besi dengan sulfur
Photosynthesis Heating of iron with sulphur

(d) Pengeringan pakaian F/P (i) Perubahan warna pada sehiris epal
Drying of clothes Change in the colour of sliced apples

(e) Kitar air F/P (j) Penghasilan gula daripada jus tebu
The water cycle Producing sugar from sugar cane juice

157

REVISI EKSPRES 7

Arahan: Jawab soalan-soalan yang berikut.
Instructions: Answer the following questions.

1 Nyatakan gas P, Q, R dan S, serta peratus gas dalam udara biasa.
State the gases P, Q, R and S, and the percentages of these gases in ordinary air.

Oksigen Gas nadir dan lain-lain Nitrogen Karbon dioksida
Oxygen Inert gases and others Nitrogen Carbon dioxide

Q Gas Peratus/Percentage
P Gas (%)
R P Nitrogen/Nitrogen
78
S
21
Q Oksigen/Oxygen

R Karbon dioksida/Carbon dioxide 0.03

S Gas nadir dan lain-lain/Inert gases and others 0.97

2 Lukis aras air pada rajah X. Kemudian, tuliskan kesimpulannya.
Draw the water level in diagram X. Then, write the conclusion.

Kesimpulan/Conclusion:
Satu perlima daripada udara terdiri daripada oksigen.

One fifth of air consists of oxygen.

X

3 Lengkapkan jadual di bawah dengan gas-gas berdasarkan kegunaannya.

Complete the table below with gases relating to their uses.

Oksigen Karbon dioksida Nitrogen Gas nadir
Oxygen Carbon dioxide Nitrogen Inert gas

Gas/Gas Kegunaan/Uses

(a) Karbon dioksida Wasap di atas pentas.
Carbon dioxide Fumes on the stage.

(b) Nitrogen Digunakan untuk membuat ammonia.
Nitrogen Used for making ammonia.

(c) Nitrogen Digunakan untuk membuat pewarna.
Nitrogen Used for making colouring or dyes.

(d) Gas nadir Digunakan sebagai anestetik dalam bidang perubatan.
Inert gas Used as an anaesthetic in the field of medicine.

(e) Oksigen Diperlukan oleh pesakit di hospital, ahli bomba dan penyelam laut.
Oxygen Needed by patients in hospitals, fire fighters and sea divers.

(f) Gas nadir Mengisi lampu iklan dan lampu pendaratan di landasan kapal terbang.
Inert gas Fills advertisement lamps and landing lamps at airports.

(g) Nitrogen Digunakan untuk membuat baja.
Nitrogen Used for making fertilisers.

4 Kitar karbon dan kitar oksigen mengekalkan peratus gas karbon dioksida dan oksigen dalam
atmosfera.
Carbon and oxygen cycles maintain the percentages of carbon dioxide and oxygen gases in the atmosphere.

158

5 Isi tempat kosong bagi kitar oksigen dan karbon dioksida. Pereputan/Decaying
Fill in the blanks on the oxygen and carbon dioxide cycles.

Respirasi/Respiration  Fotosintesis/Photosynthesis  Pembakaran/Combustion 

Karbon dioksida/Carbon dioxide

(a) Fotosintesis (b) Pereputan (c) Respirasi (d) Pembakaran
Photosynthesis Decaying Respiration Combustion

(tumbuhan/plants) (organisma mati/ (hidupan/living (bahan api/fuels)
dead organisms) things)

Oksigen/Oxygen

6 Pilih jawapan yang betul tentang kesan rumah hijau.
Choose the correct answers on the greenhouse effect.

Haba (a) (Sulfur dioksida, Karbon dioksida) menyerap haba.
Heat (Sulphur dioxide, Carbon dioxide) absorbs heat.
(b) (Kesan rumah hijau, Pemanasan global) yang berlaku menyebabkan
Bumi
Earth (kesan rumah hijau, pemanasan global).

The (greenhouse effect, global warming) occurs causing the (greenhouse

effect, global warming).

(c) Ais di kawasan kutub (membeku, mencair) dan aras air laut (menurun, meningkat).
Ice at the Poles (freezes, melts) and the sea level (drops, rises).

(d) Kesan rumah hijau dapat dikurangkan dengan (menebang, menanam) lebih banyak pokok hijau dan
(membenarkan, melarang) pembakaran terbuka.
The greenhouse effect can be reduced by (chopping down, planting) more green trees and (allowing, prohibiting)
open burning.

7 Pembakaran hanya berlaku dengan kehadiran oksigen  , bahan api dan haba  .
Combustion can only take place in the presence of oxygen  , fuel and heat  .

8 Berikan dua contoh alat pemadam api./Give two examples of fire extinguishers.

Alat pemadam api karbon dioksida dan alat pemadam api
serbuk kering  .
Carbon dioxide fire extinguishers and dry powder fire extinguishers.



9 Pilih bahan pencemar yang betul./Choose the correct pollutant(s).
(a) (Karbon dioksida, Karbon monoksida) menyebabkan kesan rumah hijau dan pemanasan global.

(Carbon dioxide, Carbon monoxide) causes the greenhouse effect and global warming.
(b) (Sulfur dioksida, Karbon monoksida, Nitrogen dioksida) menyebabkan hujan asid.

(Sulphur dioxide, Carbon monoxide, Nitrogen dioxide) causes acid rain.
(c) (Besi, Plumbum) boleh menyebabkan kerosakan otak, ginjal atau sistem saraf.

(Iron, Lead) can cause damage to the brain, kidneys or nervous system.
(d) (Karbon monoksida, Karbon dioksida) mengurangkan kandungan oksigen dalam darah.

(Carbon monoxide, Carbon dioxide) reduces the oxygen content of the blood.
(e) (Klorofluorokarbon, Karbon dioksida) menyebabkan penipisan lapisan ozon.

(Chlorofluorocarbons, Carbon dioxide) cause the depletion of the ozone layer.

159

REVISI EKSPRES 8

Arahan: Jawab soalan-soalan yang berikut.
Instructions: Answer the following questions.

1 Ciri-ciri imej pada cermin satah: 2 Lukiskan imej huruf K pada cermin satah.
Characteristics of the image in a plane mirror: Draw the image of K in the plane mirror.
(a) Maya/Virtual
(b) Tegak/Upright KK
(c) Songsang sisi/Laterally inverted

3 Padankan cermin dengan ciri-ciri imej yang terbentuk dan aplikasinya.
Match the mirror and the characteristics of the image formed and their applications.

Jenis cermin Ciri-ciri imej Aplikasi
Type of mirror Characteristics of the image Application

(a) Cermin satah • • Maya, tegak mengecil • • Cermin doktor gigi
Plane mirror • Virtual, upright, dimisnished Dental mirror

(b) Cermin cekung • Nyata, songsang, membesar • • Cermin pada ammeter
Concave mirror Real, inverted, enlarged Mirror of an ammeter

(b) Cermin cembung • Maya, tegak, sama saiz • • Cermin sisi kereta
Convex mirror Virtual, upright, same size Side-view mirror of a car

4 Determine the angles of incidence and reflection. 5 Lukiskan rajah bagi sinar pembiasan.

Tentukan sudut tuju dan sudut pantulan. Draw diagrams of refracted rays.

Garis normal (a) Sinar tuju Garis normal (b) Sinar tuju Garis normal
Normal Normal Incident Normal
Sinar tuju Incident ray ray Udara
Incident ray Sinar pantulan Air
Reflected ray Air
Water
40º Udara Air
Air Water

(a) Sudut tuju : 50°
50°
Angle of incidence

(b) Sudut pantulan :
Angle of reflection

6 Lukiskan laluan sinar cahaya yang melalui prisma dan lengkapkan ruang yang disediakan.

Draw the path of a light ray which passes through a prism and complete the spaces provided.

(a) Cahaya warna/Colour of lights

Skrin P: Merah/Red
Screen Q: Ungu/Violet

KRoatyakbosxinar Prisma P (b) Dua proses/Two processes
Prism
Spektrum (i) Penyebaran/Dispersion
Spectrum (ii) Pembiasan/Refraction

Q

7 Lengkapkan rajah di bawah untuk menunjukkan pembentukan pelangi. Tiga proses yang berlaku
Complete the diagram below to show the formation of a rainbow. Three processes that occur
(a) Penyebaran/Dispersion
Cahaya matahari (b) Pembiasan/Refraction
Sunlight (c) Pantulan/Reflection

Pelangi Titisan air hujan
Rainbow Raindrop

160

8 Isi tempat kosong tentang penyerakan cahaya./Fill in the blanks on the scattering of light.

Kebiruan langit Kemerahan Matahari terbenam
Blueness of the sky Redness of the setting Sun

Cahaya biru/Blue light Cahaya merah
Red light

Bumi/Earth Bumi/Earth

Cahaya biru bergerak melalui lapisan atmosfera Cahaya merah bergerak melalui lapisan atmosfera
yang nipis dan diserakkan oleh zarah- yang tebal dan kurang diserakkan .
zarah dalam udara.
Blue light travels through a thin atmospheric Red light travels through a thick atmospheric
layer and is scattered by the particles in the air. layer and is less scattered .

9 (a) Merah , hijau dan biru ialah warna-warna primer cahaya.
Red , green and blue are primary colours of light.
sian dan magenta ialah warna-warna sekunder cahaya.
(b) Kuning , cyan and magenta are secondary colours of light.
Yellow ,

10 Nyatakan warna W, X, Y dan Z hasil daripada penambahan cahaya berwarna.
State the colours, W, X, Y and Z, produced by the addition of coloured lights.

Hijau W: Kuning/Yellow
Green X: Sian/Cyan
Y: Magenta/Magenta
WX Z: Putih/White
Z

Merah Y Biru
Red Blue

11 Nyatakan warna cahaya pada skrin yang dihasilkan oleh penolakan cahaya berwarna.
State the coloured light on the screen produced by the subtraction of coloured light.

Penapis Y/Filter Y Penapis X Penapis Y Cahaya terbentuk pada skrin
Filter X Filter Y Light formed on the screen
Cahaya Skrin Hijau/Green
putih Screen (a) Hijau/Green Kuning/Yellow Hijau/Green
White light (b) Kuning/Yellow Sian/Cyan Biru/Blue
(c) Magenta/Magenta Sian/Cyan Tiada cahaya/No light
Penapis X (c) Merah/Red Sian/Cyan
Filter X

12 Tuliskan jenis proses cahaya yang berlaku bagi fenomena yang diberikan.

Write the types of the process of light that take place for the given phenomena.

(a) Pembentukan pelangi/Formation of a rainbow. ➠ Penyebaran/Dispersion

(b) Kebiruan langit/Blueness of the sky. ➠ Penyerakan/Scattering

(c) Kolam kelihatan cetek./A pool looks shallow. ➠ Pembiasan/Refraction

(d) Melihat imej anda dalam cermin./See your image in a mirror. ➠ Pantulan/Reflection

(e) Pencampuran cahaya berwarna./Mixing of coloured lights. ➠ Penambahan/Addition

(f) Cahaya melalui penapis./Light travels through a filter. ➠ Penolakan/Subtraction

161

REVISI EKSPRES 9

Arahan: Jawab soalan-soalan yang berikut.
Instructions: Answer the following questions.

1 Sfera yang utama bagi struktur Bumi ialah atmosfera , biosfera , geosfera dan

hidrosfera ./The main spheres of the Earth structure are the atmosphere , biosphere ,
geosphere and hydrosphere .

2 Label lima lapisan atmosfera. Kemudian, padankan lapisan atmosfera dengan pernyataan yang betul.
Label the five layers of the atmosphere. Then, match the layers of the atmosphere with the correct statements.

Atmosfera Pernyataan
Atmosphere Statement

(a) Eksosfera Perubahan cuaca
Exosphere Changes in the weather

(b) Termosfera Meteor terbakar dan berbara
Thermosphere Meteors burn and glow

(c) Mesosfera Kapal angkasa mengorbit Bumi.
Mesosphere Spaceships orbit the Earth.

(d) Stratosfera Penipisan lapisan ozon.
Stratosphere Depletion of the ozone layer.

(e) Troposfera Ion-ion memantul gelombang radio.
Troposphere Ions reflect radio waves.

3 Lengkapkan peta alir di bawah dengan zon-zon yang berlainan untuk menunjukkan stratifikasi dalam lautan.
Complete the flow map below by writing the different zones to show the stratification of the ocean.

Zon permukaan/Surface zone Zon senja/Twilight zone Zon gelap/Dark zone

Kedalaman bertambah/Increasing depth

4 Taburan air di Bumi termasuk lautan , sungai , awan , salji dan
, rivers ,
air bawah tanah/glasier ./The water distribution on the Earth includes oceans

clouds , snow and groundwater/glaciers .

5 Label lapisan Bumi di bawah. Kemudian, labelkan bahagian Bumi berdasarkan pernyataan yang diberikan.
Label the layers of the Earth below. Then, label the parts of the Earth based on the given statements.

Lapisan Bumi (d) Litosfera/Lithosphere
Earth’s layer Kerak dan bahagian pepejal

(a) Kerak/Crust paling atas mantel.
The crust and solid outermost
(b) Mantel/Mantle part of the mantle.

(c) Teras/Core (e) Astenosfera/Asthenosphere
Batuan separa cecair di
(f) Mesosfera/Mesosphere
Bahagian pepejal mantel di bawah astenosfera dan di atas teras bahagian tengah mantel.
Semi-liquid rock at the centre
luar. part of the mantle.
The solid part of the mantle below the asthenosphere and above the
outer core.

162

6 Kenal pasti jenis batuan sama ada batuan igneus (I), batuan sedimen (S) atau batuan metamorfik (M) dalam
petak yang diberikan./Identify the types of rock whether igneous rock (I), sedimentary rock (S) or metamorphic
rock (M).

(a) Syal S (f) Kuarzit M (k) Konglomerat S
Shale Quartzite Conglomerate

(b) Gneis M (g) Pumis I (l) Arang batu S
Gneiss Pumice Coal

(c) Granit I (h) Basalt I (m) Serpentin M
Granite Basalt Serpentinite

(d) Batu kapur S (i) Slat M (n) Diorit I
Limestone Slate Diorite

(e) Marmar M (j) Batu pasir S (o) Gabro I
Marble Sandstone Gabbro

7 Kenal pastikan jenis batuan berdasarkan penerangan yang diberikan.
Identify the types of rock based on the given explanations.

Jenis batuan Penerangan
Types of rock Explanation

(a) Batuan metamorfik Batuan yang mengalami suhu dan tekanan yang sangat tinggi serta tindak
Metamorphic rock balas kimia./The rock which is subjected to a very high heat and pressure
and chemical reactions.
(b) Batuan igneus
Igneous rock Penyejukan magma daripada semua jenis batuan.
The cooling of magma from all kinds of rock.
(c) Batuan sedimen
Sedimentary rock Enapan batuan yang mengalami luluhawa dan hakisan.
Sedimentation of rock that undergoes weathering and erosion.

8 Berdasarkan penerangan yang diberikan, nyatakan proses Bumi. Tuliskan jenis proses Bumi sama ada eksogen
(Ek) atau endogen (En) dalam petak yang disediakan.
Based on the given explanations, state the Earth’s processes. Write the types of Earth’s processes, whether exogenic
(Ex) or endogenic (En) process in the boxes provided.

(a) Pemecahan (secara fizikal) dan pemindahan batuan dan tanah Hakisan Ek
dari satu tempat ke tempat lain. Erosion Ex

The breaking down (physically) and transportation of rock and Aktiviti magma En
soil from one location to another. Magmatic activity
Ek
(b) Transformasi magma daripada pembentukannya sehingga Luluhawa Ex
pemejalan menjadi batuan. Weathering Ek
Ex
The transformation of magma from its creation until solidification Pengenapan Ek
into rock. Deposition Ex
Angkutan
(c) Pemecahan batuan di kerak bumi (secara fizikal, kimia dan Transport En
biologi)./The breaking down of rock in the Earth’s crust (physical,
chemical and biological). Olakan mantel En
Mantle convection
(d) Pengenapan batuan terhakis pada dasar tasik atau laut./The
deposition of eroded rock materials at the bottom of lakes or seas. Pergerakan kerak
bumi (tektonik
(e) Pemindahan bahan-bahan batuan hakisan. plat)/Earth’s crust
The transfer of eroded rock materials. movement (plate
tectonics)
(f) Pergerakan bahan mantel daripada bahagian dalam Bumi ke
permukaan./The motion of mantle materials from the interior to
the Earth’s surface.

(g) Teori yang menyatakan bahawa kerak luar Bumi dibahagikan
kepada beberapa plat yang menggelongsor di atas mantel,
disebabkan arus dalam mantel./The theory which states that the
Earth’s outer shell is divided into several plates that glide over the
mantle, due to the currents in the mantle.

163

9 (a) Geobencana ialah proses semula jadi Bumi yang boleh menyebabkan kehilangan nyawa, kerosakan
harta benda dan boleh menjejaskan kualiti alam sekitar.
Geohazards are the natural phenomena of the Earth which can cause loss of life, damage to propety and
affect the quality of the environment.

(b) Seismometer digunakan untuk mengukur pergerakan Bumi seperti gelombang yang dihasilkan oleh
gempa bumi dan letusan gunung berapi.
A seismometer is used to measure the motion of the ground such as the waves produced by earthquakes
and volcanic eruptions.

10 Kenal pastikan jenis-jenis geobencana berdasarkan penerangan yang diberikan. Pemanasan global
Identify the types of geohazard based on the given explanations. Global warming

(a) Peningkatan suhu atmosfera Bumi. Tsunami
The increase in the Earth’s atmospheric temperature. Tsunami

(b) Kejadian ombak raksasa. Tanah runtuh
A huge wave. Landslide

(c) Tanah bergerak menuruni cerun akibat tarikan graviti. Gempa bumi
The ground moves downhill due to the pull of gravity. Earthquake

(d) Gegaran di permukaan kerak Bumi. Hujan asid
The shaking on the surface of the Earth’s crust. Acid rain

(e) Air hujan bersifat asid. Volkanisme
The rain water has an acidic property. Volcanism

(f) Letusan gunung berapi. Lubang benam
The eruption of a volcano. Sinkhole

(g) Lubang besar disebabkan keruntuhan tanah. Tanah jerlus
A big hole caused by collapse of the ground. Land subsidence

(h) Penenggelaman secara perlahan atau mendadak permukaan Bumi.
A gradual settling or sudden sinking of the Earth’s surface.

11 (a) Skala masa geologi digunakan oleh ahli geologi untuk menjelaskan masa dan hubungan antara

peristiwa yang terjadi di sepanjang sejarah Bumi.
The geological time scale is used by geologists to describe the timing and relationship between events that

have occurred throughout the Earth’s history.
(b) Pentarikhan karbon digunakan untuk mengkaji usia artifak purba.
Carbon dating
is used to study the age of ancient artefacts.

12 (a) Air bawah tanah ialah jenis air yang terbentuk apabila sebahagian air hujan meresap ke dalam

tanah di bawah permukaan bumi.
Groundwater
is the type of water formed when rainwater penetrates into the ground under the

Earth’s surface.
Akuifer
(b) ialah lapisan batuan atau bahan seperti kerikil dan pasir yang boleh menakung

air bawah tanah.
Aquifers
are the layers of rock or materials such as gravel and sand which can hold

groundwater.

13 Mineral ekonomi terdiri daripada mineral logam , mineral bukan logam dan mineral nadir bumi  .
Economic minerals consist of metallic minerals , non-metallic minerals and rare earth minerals .

14 Tenaga hidroterma ialah tenaga yang dijana daripada air panas pada Bumi seperti geiser. Tenaga

geoterma ialah satu contoh tenaga ini.
Hydrothermal energy is the energy which is generated from the Earth’s hot water such as geysers. Geothermal

energy is an example of this energy.

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