Unit 5 - Let’s Experiment !

Let's Experiment

unit 5

SCIENCE

Battery

A container consisting of one or more cells, in which chemical
energy is converted into electricity and used as a source of power.

Sample sentence

Our bus won't start because the battery is flat.

Clone

An organism or cell, or group of organisms or cells, produced
asexually from one ancestor or stock, to which they
are genetically identical.

Sample sentence

She's an exact clone of her sister!

Cure

Relieve (a person or animal) of the symptoms of a
disease or condition.

Sample sentence

Sleeping is the best cure for waking troubles.

Disease

Any harmful deviation from the normal structural or functional
state of an organism, generally associated with certain signs
and symptoms and differing in nature from physical injury.

Sample sentence

They are working to stop the spread of
disease in rural areas.

DNA

The hereditary material in humans and almost all other
organisms. Nearly every cell in a person's body has the same DNA

Sample sentence

He studied the DNA molecule to see if the child was
related to the man.

Genetically modified

(of an organism or crop) containing
genetic material that has been

artificially altered so as to produce a
desired characteristic.

Sample sentence

There was contentious debate over
the use of genetically modified crops.

Crops
A cultivated plant that is grown on a large scale
commercially, especially a cereal, fruit, or vegetable.

Sample sentence

The summer had been very dry and the corn crop had failed.

Planet

A celestial body moving in an elliptical orbit round a star.

Sample sentence

They launched a rocket to the planet Venus.

Satellite

A celestial body orbiting another of larger size.

Sample sentence

Yesterday a satellite weighing 15 tonnes
was successfully placed in orbit.

Solar panel

A panel designed to absorb the sun's rays as a
source of energy for generating electricity or

heating.

Sample sentence

A solar panel on the roof even helped generate
12-volt power.

Spacecraft

A vehicle or machine designed to
fly in outer space.

Sample sentence

They left the row house for the park across the
street, where a small spacecraft awaited them.

Vaccine

a substance used to stimulate the production of antibodies
and provide immunity against one or several diseases,

prepared from the causative agent of a disease, its products, or
a synthetic substitute, treated to act as an antigen without
inducing the disease.

Sample sentence

We may need to rethink the way we produce and sell
vaccines.

Wind turbine

A turbine having a large vaned wheel
rotated by the wind to generate electricity.

Sample sentence

Wind turbines generate electricity for the local
community.

SCIENCE IN THE CLASSROOM

Acid

a substance with particular chemical properties including turning litmus red, neutralizing
alkalis, and dissolving some metals; typically, a corrosive or sour-tasting liquid of this kind.

Sample sentence

The acid in the solution turned our blue litmus paper red.

Chemical reaction

A process that involves rearrangement of the molecular or ionic structure of a substance, as distinct
from a change in physical form or a nuclear reaction.

Sample sentence

A fuel cell uses a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity.

Explosion

a violent shattering or blowing apart of something, as is caused by a bomb.

Sample sentence

A second explosion threw him across the room.

Gas

A substance or matter in a state in which it
will expand freely to fill the whole of a
container, having no fixed shape (unlike a
solid) and no fixed volume (unlike a liquid).

Sample sentence

At the gas station there were only two cars.

Gravity

the force that attracts a body towards the centre of the earth, or towards any other
physical body having mass.

SAMPLE SENTENCE

Gravity is what keeps everything from floating around.

Jug

a cylindrical container with a
handle and a lip, used for
holding and pouring liquids.

SAMPLE SENTENCE

The milk overflowed when I poured it
into the jug.

Laboratory

a room or building equipped for scientific
experiments, research, or teaching, or for
the manufacture of drugs or chemicals.

SAMPLE SENTENCE

After introductions, Dean was led to a laboratory in the rear
of the building.

Liquid

a substance that flows freely but is of constant
volume, having a consistency like that of water or
oil.

Sample sentence

There was a tall glass of clear liquid in her hand.

Pressure

continuous physical force exerted on or against an object by something in contact with it.

Sample sentence

She felt the pressure of a cup against her lips.

Temperature

the degree or intensity of heat present in a substance or object, especially as expressed
according to a comparative scale and shown by a thermometer or perceived by touch.

Sample sentence

They can't keep her temperature down.

Test tube

a thin glass tube closed at one end, used to hold small
amounts of material for laboratory testing or experiments.

Sample sentence

The gases were contained in a test-tube

Thermometer

an instrument for measuring and indicating temperature,

Sample sentence

The thermometer nailed to the porch read eighty-five degrees.