WorldCom Edu Build Up Reading Series - Book 4

Developing Advanced Reading Skills














Reading








Level4
Richard Harris & Christoper




































WorldCom ELT

Developing Advanced Reading Skills














Reading








Level4
Richard Harris & Christoper




































WorldCom ELT

Contents





Unit 01- Bacteria’s Help to Humanity ...... 4
Unit 02- The Lascaux Cave Paintings ...... 8

Unit 03- The Origins of the Guitar ...... 12
Unit 04- An Ice Skater’s Special Skill ...... 16

Unit 05- Jessye Norman ...... 20
Unit 06- The History of the Olympics ...... 24
Unit 07- The Difference Between Left- and Right-Handed People ...... 28

Unit 08- France’s Gift to the United States ...... 32

Unit 09- The Birth of Potato Chips ...... 36

Reading Level4 Unit 10- The Probability of a Second Ice Age ...... 40
Unit 11- The Man Behind the Camera: Steven Spielberg ...... 44

Unit 12- Hospitality as a Business ...... 48
Richard Harris & Christoper
Unit 13- The Magical Food ...... 52
2007 published by WorldCom Publishing Inc.
Unit 14- The Making of Fireworks ...... 56
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted Unit 15- The Environment Inside a Volcano ...... 60
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior Unit 16- The Study of Garbage ...... 64
permission in writing from the publisher.
Unit 17- A Recipe for Homemade Paper ...... 68
Cover/Interior Design: Design YoungZoo
Unit 18- The SETI Project ...... 72
Unit 19- Salsa: The Spice of Cuba ...... 76
ISBN:978-89-90545-70-1
Unit 20- The Saint of the Gutters ...... 80
Desk Copy Request / Information
To place your desk copy request or for more information,
please contact the following office:
Tel:(02)3273-4300 Fax:(02)3273-4303
Homepage : www.wcbooks.co.kr

Contents





Unit 01- Bacteria’s Help to Humanity ...... 4
Unit 02- The Lascaux Cave Paintings ...... 8

Unit 03- The Origins of the Guitar ...... 12
Unit 04- An Ice Skater’s Special Skill ...... 16

Unit 05- Jessye Norman ...... 20
Unit 06- The History of the Olympics ...... 24
Unit 07- The Difference Between Left- and Right-Handed People ...... 28

Unit 08- France’s Gift to the United States ...... 32

Unit 09- The Birth of Potato Chips ...... 36

Reading Level4 Unit 10- The Probability of a Second Ice Age ...... 40
Unit 11- The Man Behind the Camera: Steven Spielberg ...... 44

Unit 12- Hospitality as a Business ...... 48
Richard Harris & Christoper
Unit 13- The Magical Food ...... 52
2007 published by WorldCom Publishing Inc.
Unit 14- The Making of Fireworks ...... 56
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted Unit 15- The Environment Inside a Volcano ...... 60
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior Unit 16- The Study of Garbage ...... 64
permission in writing from the publisher.
Unit 17- A Recipe for Homemade Paper ...... 68
Cover/Interior Design: Design YoungZoo
Unit 18- The SETI Project ...... 72
Unit 19- Salsa: The Spice of Cuba ...... 76
ISBN:978-89-90545-70-1
Unit 20- The Saint of the Gutters ...... 80
Desk Copy Request / Information
To place your desk copy request or for more information,
please contact the following office:
Tel:(02)3273-4300 Fax:(02)3273-4303
Homepage : www.wcbooks.co.kr

01 Bacteria’s Help to Humanity Bacteria’s Help to Humanity






Pre-reading activity 1. What is bacteria?
2. What role does bacteria play?
3. How could bacteria help humanity?
A Choose and write the correct word.

CD1-1
consume exposed application converted instance
1 We all think of garbage as disgusting, but there is a beneficial aspect to even
the most putrid waste. To the average individual, the idea of rotting organic
1. Bacteria could be used to dangerous pollution.
materials like oil, food waste, and dead plants is unappetizing. For bacteria,
however, it is a feast for sore eyes — metaphorically speaking. Decaying 2. Some waste can be into useful materials by bacteria if
matter is easily decomposed by bacteria in nature, but this is a natural to the air.
process. What if humankind could harness “bacteria machines” and use
3. Composting is just one of bacteria at work.
them to reduce waste in our modern environment? In fact, if given the
chance, bacteria can turn this rotting pollution into harmless waste or 4. Bioremediation can be used as an with varying positive side
sometimes even helpful, useful material. effects.


2 The process of cleaning up waste material is called bioremediation. The first
instance of it being used was on the Queen Mary ocean liner. This charming B Replace the underlined words with a synonym from the box.
old ship that once traversed the Atlantic Ocean was brought to harbor in
California and was converted into a hotel. This raised concerns with the fire decay metaphorically appetizing organic hazard
department who feared the old oil and tar that had collected on the lower

half of the ship was a potential fire hazard. By “letting loose” bacteria via
1. If allowed to rot, food scraps can be used as fertilizer.
the bioremediation process, the Queen Mary was cleaned up in less than six
weeks. There was nothing left of the oil and tar. 2. Bacteria removed the risk of using the Queen Mary.


3 Possibly the most practical application of bioremediation is at work in our 3. Figuratively speaking, the color red means passion.
gardens, right at home. Food waste, dead plants, and even eggshells are
4. That which seems enticing to bacteria revolts most humans.
collected in a pile and covered with dead leaves and wood chips. As long as
this pile is kept wet and exposed to air, bacteria can eat this waste and 5. Given the right conditions, bacteria can consume all natural materials.
convert it to useful fertilizer. In turn, gardeners can use this fertilizer to
make their plants grow bigger and faster.


4 Bacteria proved useful in disposing of garden waste, and could similarly be
used on city landfills. Unfortunately, landfills are often covered over with This story is about .
soil, making it impossible for bacteria to grow and consume the waste. a. Queen Mary b. reusing wastes

Without an ample supply of oxygen, the bacteria cannot breed. Hopefully in c. bioremediation d. bacterial infections
the future, landfills will be designed to allow bacteria to help dispose of the
mounting piles of landfill waste.
4 5

01 Bacteria’s Help to Humanity Bacteria’s Help to Humanity






Pre-reading activity 1. What is bacteria?
2. What role does bacteria play?
3. How could bacteria help humanity?
A Choose and write the correct word.

CD1-1
consume exposed application converted instance
1 We all think of garbage as disgusting, but there is a beneficial aspect to even
the most putrid waste. To the average individual, the idea of rotting organic
1. Bacteria could be used to dangerous pollution.
materials like oil, food waste, and dead plants is unappetizing. For bacteria,
however, it is a feast for sore eyes — metaphorically speaking. Decaying 2. Some waste can be into useful materials by bacteria if
matter is easily decomposed by bacteria in nature, but this is a natural to the air.
process. What if humankind could harness “bacteria machines” and use
3. Composting is just one of bacteria at work.
them to reduce waste in our modern environment? In fact, if given the
chance, bacteria can turn this rotting pollution into harmless waste or 4. Bioremediation can be used as an with varying positive side
sometimes even helpful, useful material. effects.


2 The process of cleaning up waste material is called bioremediation. The first
instance of it being used was on the Queen Mary ocean liner. This charming B Replace the underlined words with a synonym from the box.
old ship that once traversed the Atlantic Ocean was brought to harbor in
California and was converted into a hotel. This raised concerns with the fire decay metaphorically appetizing organic hazard
department who feared the old oil and tar that had collected on the lower

half of the ship was a potential fire hazard. By “letting loose” bacteria via
1. If allowed to rot, food scraps can be used as fertilizer.
the bioremediation process, the Queen Mary was cleaned up in less than six
weeks. There was nothing left of the oil and tar. 2. Bacteria removed the risk of using the Queen Mary.


3 Possibly the most practical application of bioremediation is at work in our 3. Figuratively speaking, the color red means passion.
gardens, right at home. Food waste, dead plants, and even eggshells are
4. That which seems enticing to bacteria revolts most humans.
collected in a pile and covered with dead leaves and wood chips. As long as
this pile is kept wet and exposed to air, bacteria can eat this waste and 5. Given the right conditions, bacteria can consume all natural materials.
convert it to useful fertilizer. In turn, gardeners can use this fertilizer to
make their plants grow bigger and faster.


4 Bacteria proved useful in disposing of garden waste, and could similarly be
used on city landfills. Unfortunately, landfills are often covered over with This story is about .
soil, making it impossible for bacteria to grow and consume the waste. a. Queen Mary b. reusing wastes

Without an ample supply of oxygen, the bacteria cannot breed. Hopefully in c. bioremediation d. bacterial infections
the future, landfills will be designed to allow bacteria to help dispose of the
mounting piles of landfill waste.
4 5

01 Bacteria’s Help to Humanity








Choose the correct answer. Rearrange the words below to make correct sentences.


1. Paragraph ___ Bacteria can make waste innocuous and sometimes 1. remove can centuries bacteria to of dirt used be
valuable.
2. Paragraph ___ Many homes use bacteria to make garden fertilizer.
2. infection some source bacteria be the and of illness can
3. Paragraph ___ Landfills are usually covered and thus cannot use
bioremediation.

4. Paragraph ___ Employing bacteria to remove pollution is called 3. eaten all material organic by be bacteria if exposed will to air
bioremediation.


4. be toxic cleaned most efficiently oil with the spills help of can bacteria






Circle the correct answer.
CD1-2 Summary & Listening Practice
1. Bacteria can be used to consume .
Read the paragraph and fill in as many blanks as you can.
a. metal b. plastic
Then listen to the recording and fill in the rest of the blanks.
c. oil d. acrylic

Bacteria can be used to pollution and food
2. Using bacteria made it possible to .
waste harmless. In one example, the Queen Mary ocean liner was brought to
a. reuse the Queen Mary b. shrink landfills
California to be to a hotel, but fire inspectors were concerned
c. put out a fire d. use less gasoline
about a potential fire due to the oil and tar on her lower half.
3. Which paragraph talks about the first application of bioremediation? The use of bacteria removed the oil in less than six weeks, making her
a. Paragraph 1 b. Paragraph 2 rehabilitation a reality. Similarly, bacteria can be

c. Paragraph 3 d. Paragraph 4 used in gardens to convert food waste and dead
plants into fertilizer. Unfortunately, bacteria
4. Landfills may not be covered in the future because .
cannot be used to reduce landfills
a. they could be hiding something
because they are covered with soil, which blocks
b. they are too expensive to cover
access to the oxygen needed for the growth of
c. they are too large
bacteria.
d. they could be consumed by bacteria




6 7

01 Bacteria’s Help to Humanity








Choose the correct answer. Rearrange the words below to make correct sentences.


1. Paragraph ___ Bacteria can make waste innocuous and sometimes 1. remove can centuries bacteria to of dirt used be
valuable.
2. Paragraph ___ Many homes use bacteria to make garden fertilizer.
2. infection some source bacteria be the and of illness can
3. Paragraph ___ Landfills are usually covered and thus cannot use
bioremediation.

4. Paragraph ___ Employing bacteria to remove pollution is called 3. eaten all material organic by be bacteria if exposed will to air
bioremediation.


4. be toxic cleaned most efficiently oil with the spills help of can bacteria






Circle the correct answer.
CD1-2 Summary & Listening Practice
1. Bacteria can be used to consume .
Read the paragraph and fill in as many blanks as you can.
a. metal b. plastic
Then listen to the recording and fill in the rest of the blanks.
c. oil d. acrylic

Bacteria can be used to pollution and food
2. Using bacteria made it possible to .
waste harmless. In one example, the Queen Mary ocean liner was brought to
a. reuse the Queen Mary b. shrink landfills
California to be to a hotel, but fire inspectors were concerned
c. put out a fire d. use less gasoline
about a potential fire due to the oil and tar on her lower half.
3. Which paragraph talks about the first application of bioremediation? The use of bacteria removed the oil in less than six weeks, making her
a. Paragraph 1 b. Paragraph 2 rehabilitation a reality. Similarly, bacteria can be

c. Paragraph 3 d. Paragraph 4 used in gardens to convert food waste and dead
plants into fertilizer. Unfortunately, bacteria
4. Landfills may not be covered in the future because .
cannot be used to reduce landfills
a. they could be hiding something
because they are covered with soil, which blocks
b. they are too expensive to cover
access to the oxygen needed for the growth of
c. they are too large
bacteria.
d. they could be consumed by bacteria




6 7

02 The Lascaux Cave Paintings The Lascaux Cave Paintings






Pre-reading activity 1. What can be learned by pre-historic art?
2. What kinds of tools would have been used to make prehistoric art?
3. What significance could cave paintings have other than as art?
A Choose and write the correct word.

CD1-3
nourishment likeness improvised auspicious partial
1 Long before people used written language, they lived simply and relied
upon hunting for their existence. Culture — the practice of creating art and 1. Hunting animals provided early people with vital .
literature — was a long way from being established. Simple subsistence
2. The painted on the wall were considered symbols
hunting was the sole focus of life in these early years for prehistoric people.
for future hunts.
At this point in human development, every portion of an animal was
utilized for different purposes. The meat was consumed for nourishment, 3. The tools by the Lascaux people were remarkably sophisticated.
the fur and skins were used for clothing and warmth, and the fat was
4. Were it not for a opening to the cave, it may have remained
burned as a fuel to provide light. But in between all this hunting were
hidden.
periods of relative quiet.
2 On one day in the south of France, a particular tribe was not having much
luck with their hunting. They were unsure where their next meal would B Replace the underlined words with a synonym from the box.
come from. One of these early French men walked to the back of the cave
subsistence peer traced hollow replica
and used a stone knife to chip the likeness of a deer onto the wall. He then
stuck a feather into the end of a bone and dipped this improvised brush into
1. A duplication of the cave allows tourists a chance to experience the
a mixture of charcoal and fat. He used this crude paint to trace the outline of
Lascaux Caves.
the deer figure he had carved. Filling a hollow bone shaft with red paint he
had made from clay, he used the bone like a straw and blew the pigment 2. The animal paintings seem to have a life of their own as they gaze down
onto the drawing. As a final touch, he drew an arrow entering the animal’s at viewers.
heart as an auspicious sign that the subsequent hunt would yield success.
3. The outlined animals carved into the wall were made quite far from the
3 Thousands of years later, this very cave had become partly sealed due to entrance.
erosion of the rock. Despite this partial closure of the cave entrance, in 1940,
4. The Lascaux tribe’s use of empty pieces of bone shows advanced tool
four boys playing nearby discovered a deep hole that led to the cave. They
making skills.
climbed down 50 feet to the floor of the cave, where they gasped in wonder
at the sight of bulls, horses, bears, and even a rhinoceros peering down at 5. In fact, the very survival of our tribe is at stake.
them from the sides of the walls. It was a rare archaeological discovery, all
by accident!

4 These caves have come to be known as the Lascaux Caves for the area they
were found in and have been the subject of years of scientific study. Carbon
dating found the caves to be approximately 17,000 years old and have taught This story is about .
us numerous lessons about the lives of prehistoric people. To preserve their a. prehistoric paintings b. four French boys
quality, the caves are closed to the public, but a replica has been built nearby c. the Lascaux tribe d. painting with bones
to allow visitors to see the condition they were found in by those four boys.
8 9

02 The Lascaux Cave Paintings The Lascaux Cave Paintings






Pre-reading activity 1. What can be learned by pre-historic art?
2. What kinds of tools would have been used to make prehistoric art?
3. What significance could cave paintings have other than as art?
A Choose and write the correct word.

CD1-3
nourishment likeness improvised auspicious partial
1 Long before people used written language, they lived simply and relied
upon hunting for their existence. Culture — the practice of creating art and 1. Hunting animals provided early people with vital .
literature — was a long way from being established. Simple subsistence
2. The painted on the wall were considered symbols
hunting was the sole focus of life in these early years for prehistoric people.
for future hunts.
At this point in human development, every portion of an animal was
utilized for different purposes. The meat was consumed for nourishment, 3. The tools by the Lascaux people were remarkably sophisticated.
the fur and skins were used for clothing and warmth, and the fat was
4. Were it not for a opening to the cave, it may have remained
burned as a fuel to provide light. But in between all this hunting were
hidden.
periods of relative quiet.
2 On one day in the south of France, a particular tribe was not having much
luck with their hunting. They were unsure where their next meal would B Replace the underlined words with a synonym from the box.
come from. One of these early French men walked to the back of the cave
subsistence peer traced hollow replica
and used a stone knife to chip the likeness of a deer onto the wall. He then
stuck a feather into the end of a bone and dipped this improvised brush into
1. A duplication of the cave allows tourists a chance to experience the
a mixture of charcoal and fat. He used this crude paint to trace the outline of
Lascaux Caves.
the deer figure he had carved. Filling a hollow bone shaft with red paint he
had made from clay, he used the bone like a straw and blew the pigment 2. The animal paintings seem to have a life of their own as they gaze down
onto the drawing. As a final touch, he drew an arrow entering the animal’s at viewers.
heart as an auspicious sign that the subsequent hunt would yield success.
3. The outlined animals carved into the wall were made quite far from the
3 Thousands of years later, this very cave had become partly sealed due to entrance.
erosion of the rock. Despite this partial closure of the cave entrance, in 1940,
4. The Lascaux tribe’s use of empty pieces of bone shows advanced tool
four boys playing nearby discovered a deep hole that led to the cave. They
making skills.
climbed down 50 feet to the floor of the cave, where they gasped in wonder
at the sight of bulls, horses, bears, and even a rhinoceros peering down at 5. In fact, the very survival of our tribe is at stake.
them from the sides of the walls. It was a rare archaeological discovery, all
by accident!

4 These caves have come to be known as the Lascaux Caves for the area they
were found in and have been the subject of years of scientific study. Carbon
dating found the caves to be approximately 17,000 years old and have taught This story is about .
us numerous lessons about the lives of prehistoric people. To preserve their a. prehistoric paintings b. four French boys
quality, the caves are closed to the public, but a replica has been built nearby c. the Lascaux tribe d. painting with bones
to allow visitors to see the condition they were found in by those four boys.
8 9

02 The Lascaux Cave Paintings








Choose the correct answer. Rearrange the words below to make correct sentences.


1. Paragraph ___ The Lascaux cave paintings were created to impart 1. speculation the Lascaux have topic the of much cave paintings been
luck to the hunters.
2. Paragraph ___ The Lascaux caves are no longer open to the general
2. who their discovery realize the boys significance the Lascaux caves
population.
the of found didn’t
3. Paragraph ___ Early cultures relied on hunting to survive.
4. Paragraph ___ The caves were rediscovered by accident by a group of
boys. 3. incredible artists the employed by the Lascaux to detail show

methods sensitivity




Circle the correct answer. 4. tribal history recent has a in art in experienced popularity surge


1. The Lascaux caves were discovered .

a. in 1940 b. 50 years ago CD1-4 Summary & Listening Practice
c. 17,000 years ago d. 4 years ago
Read the paragraph and fill in as many blanks as you can.
2. Cave paintings were used by the Lascaux people to . Then listen to the recording and fill in the rest of the blanks.

a. entertain each other b. create a language Summary & Listening Practice
In prehistoric times, hunters depended on hunting for every
c. record history d. promote hunting success
of their survival. If a hunt went poorly, some hunters would paint the walls
3. Which paragraph talks about the methods employed by early painters? of their cave with pictures of animals. This would hopefully bring good luck

a. Paragraph 1 b. Paragraph 2 in finding meat the following day. Methods used to create these images
from carving and painting stone, to using clay paint to fill
c. Paragraph 3 d. Paragraph 4
hollow bone . In the last century, one such cave was found in
4. Archeologists will further search the Lascaux area because . France and was later called the Lascaux Caves. It

a. they are hoping for a lucky find had been covered by the partial of
b. they have been asked to the cave entrance, but was accidentally found by a
c. there may be more important sites nearby group of boys out playing nearby. Scientists

d. they are prehistoric art fans continue to study these caves but they have been
closed to the public for .




10 11

02 The Lascaux Cave Paintings








Choose the correct answer. Rearrange the words below to make correct sentences.


1. Paragraph ___ The Lascaux cave paintings were created to impart 1. speculation the Lascaux have topic the of much cave paintings been
luck to the hunters.
2. Paragraph ___ The Lascaux caves are no longer open to the general
2. who their discovery realize the boys significance the Lascaux caves
population.
the of found didn’t
3. Paragraph ___ Early cultures relied on hunting to survive.
4. Paragraph ___ The caves were rediscovered by accident by a group of
boys. 3. incredible artists the employed by the Lascaux to detail show

methods sensitivity




Circle the correct answer. 4. tribal history recent has a in art in experienced popularity surge


1. The Lascaux caves were discovered .

a. in 1940 b. 50 years ago CD1-4 Summary & Listening Practice
c. 17,000 years ago d. 4 years ago
Read the paragraph and fill in as many blanks as you can.
2. Cave paintings were used by the Lascaux people to . Then listen to the recording and fill in the rest of the blanks.

a. entertain each other b. create a language Summary & Listening Practice
In prehistoric times, hunters depended on hunting for every
c. record history d. promote hunting success
of their survival. If a hunt went poorly, some hunters would paint the walls
3. Which paragraph talks about the methods employed by early painters? of their cave with pictures of animals. This would hopefully bring good luck

a. Paragraph 1 b. Paragraph 2 in finding meat the following day. Methods used to create these images
from carving and painting stone, to using clay paint to fill
c. Paragraph 3 d. Paragraph 4
hollow bone . In the last century, one such cave was found in
4. Archeologists will further search the Lascaux area because . France and was later called the Lascaux Caves. It

a. they are hoping for a lucky find had been covered by the partial of
b. they have been asked to the cave entrance, but was accidentally found by a
c. there may be more important sites nearby group of boys out playing nearby. Scientists

d. they are prehistoric art fans continue to study these caves but they have been
closed to the public for .




10 11