IONIC OR COVALENT COMPOUND Inorganic Chemistry I: Chemical Bonding Prepared by Group 5 NURUL FARAWAHEEDA BINTI MOHD FAIZAL NUR’RASYATULLYZA BINTI MOHAMAD RAZIMI
Compound formed when two or more elements (atoms/ions) are combined Atoms will form chemical bonds with each other in order to fill their electron shells and gain stability Chemical bonds are formed when electron trasnfer or electron sharing takes places during the formation What is chemical bonding? There are 2 types of chemical bonds: Ionic Bond Covalent Bond Presents in ionic compounds Presents in covalent compounds Compound formed when two or more elements (atoms/ions) are combined Atoms will form chemical bonds with each other in order to fill their electron shells and gain stability Chemical bonds are formed when electron trasnfer or electron sharing takes places during the formation
IONIC BOND Forming positive ions Metal atoms lose electrons to form positively charged ions with a full outer shell of electrons. Forming negative ions Non-metal atoms gain electrons to form negatively charged ions with a full outer shell of electrons. Ionic Bond An ionic bond is formed when a metal and nonmetal react. It involves transfer of electron (donate and receive electron) in order to achieve octet rules or duplet electron arrangement Na Na+ F FIonic Lattice An ionic compound is a regular repeating structure of ions known as a giant ionic lattice. The lattice is composed of a repeating pattern of oppositely charged ions held together by strong electrostatic attractions.
COVALENT BOND Covalent Bond A covalent compound is a chemical compound formed by the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. These compounds typically consist of nonmetal atoms bonded together. Covalent bonds are characterized by their sharing of electrons to achieve stability. Non-metal can be found on the right hand side ofthe periodic table Types of covalent bond Properties Melting and Boiling Points: Generally, covalent compounds have lower melting and boiling points compared to ionic compounds. This is because the intermolecular forces (such as London dispersion forces, dipoledipole interactions, or hydrogen bonding). Electrical Conductivity: Covalent compounds are typically poor conductors of electricity in any state (solid, liquid, or gas). This is because they do not have freemoving ions or delocalized electrons that can carry electrical charge, unlike ionic compounds or metals.
Involve valence electrons only Atoms achieve stable octet or duplet electron arrangement Sharing of electron Between metal atoms and non-metal atoms Forms positively and negatively charged ion Between non-metal atoms Forms a molecule Ionic Bond Covalent Bond Transfer of electron COMPARISON BETWEEN IONIC BOND AND COVALENT BOND
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