TUTORIAL TRIAL

PHDYPS0IC14S 1

SEMESTER 1

Session 2021/2022
Since 2012

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICSS SESSION 20212022

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICS

1.1 Physics Understanding
a) State basic quantities and their respective SI units:

length (m), time (s), mass (kg), electrical current (A), temperature (K), amount of substance
(mol) and luminosity (cd).
b) State derived quantities (in terms of basic quantities) and their respective units and symbols:
velocity (m s-1), acceleration (m s-2), work (J), force (N), pressure (Pa), energy (J), power
(W) and frequency (Hz).
c) Perform conversion units between SI units.

1.2 Scalars and Vectors
a) Define scalar and vector quantities.
b) Compare scalar and vector quantities
c) Resolve vector into two perpendicular components (x and y axes).
d) Determine resultant vector of two vector component.
e) Write a laboratory report

(Experiment 1: Physical Measurement)

(Experiment 2: Plotting and Interpreting linear graph)

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICSS SESSION 20212022

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

1. The joule (J) expressed in terms of basic units is

A. kg m s-1 C. kg m s-2

B. kg m2 s-1 D. kg m2 s-2

2. Which of the following is INCORRECT:

Physical Quantity Derived Unit Basic Unit

A. Work Nm kg m2 s-2

B. Force N kg m s-2

C. Power J s-1 kg m3 s-3

D. Pressure N m-2 kg m-1 s-2

3. 891 000 milligrams can be written as:
A. 8.91 ×10-1 kilograms
B. 8.91 ×10-2 kilograms
C. 8.91 ×102 kilograms
D. 8.91 ×101 kilograms

4. Change 365.25 days into its SI unit

A. 3.156107 s C. 31.5610−6s

B. 1.315106s D. 1.31510−6s

5. Which of the following is equal to 86.2 cm?

A. 8.62 m C. 8.6210−4 km

B. 0.862 mm D. 862 dm

6. Identify which of the following quantities can be described fully by its magnitude.
A. Force
B. Displacement
C. Energy
D. Acceleration

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICSS SESSION 20212022

STRUCTURED QUESTIONS

1. (a) State FOUR basic quantities and their respective SI units.

(b) Give the name for each of the following multiples of the meter.

(i) 1 m (ii) 1 m (iii) 1000 m
100 1000

2. (a) Convert the following values into SI unit by showing step by step conversion.

Express your answer in standard form.

(i) 1. 5 × 102 mm2 = __________

(ii) 105 µg = __________

(iii) 10 × 102 mg =__________

(b) Convert the following quantities into SI unit.
(i) 300 km h−1
(ii) 25 g cmˉ3
(iii) 42500 h−1

2. The pressure of a liquid is given by P = ρgh.
Calculate the pressure (in SI unit) if the density of water ρ is 1 g cm–3, the acceleration
due to gravity g is 9.81 m s–2 and the height of water h is 50 cm.

3. (a) Calculate the volume of the cylinder that has a height of 30 cm with diameter of
100 mm. Express it in SI Unit.

(b) The mass of a solid cube is 856 g, and each edge has a length of 5.35 cm. Calculate
the density ρ of the cube in SI units.

4. (a) Distinguish between scalar and vector quantities. Give THREE examples for
each quantity

(b) y

B= 3.7 km

30 40
A= 5.2 km x

FIGURE 1.1

Two vectors A and B are shown in FIGURE 1.1. Determine the
(i) horizontal and vertical components for each displacement.
(ii) magnitude and direction of the resultant displacement.

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICSS SESSION 20212022

5.
F1

30
F2

FIGURE 1.2

Two forces F1 = 8 N and F2 = 12 N are acting on a wooden block shown in the FIGURE
1.2. Determine the magnitude and direction of the resultant force acting on the wooden
block.

CHAPTER 2: KINEMATICS OF LINEAR MOTION SESSION 20212022

CHAPTER 2: LINEAR KINEMATICS

2.1 Linear Kinematics

a) Define
i. instantaneous velocity, average velocity , and uniform velocity,
ii. instantaneous acceleration, average acceleration and uniform acceleration.

b) Compare the following quantities
i. instantaneous velocity, average velocity , and uniform velocity
ii. instantaneous acceleration, average acceleration and uniform acceleration

c) Sketch displacement-time, velocity-time and acceleration-time graphs.
d) Interpret displacement-time, velocity-time and acceleration-time graphs.
e) Determine the distance travelled , displacement, velocity and acceleration from appropriate

graphs.

2.2 Uniformly Accelerated Motion

a) Apply equations of motion with uniform
acceleration :
v = u + at
s = ut + 1 at 2
2
v2 = u2 + 2as

b) Apply equations of motion for free fall
v = u − gt
s = ut − 1 at2
2
v2 = u2 − 2gs

(Experiment 3: Free Fall Motion)

CHAPTER 2: KINEMATICS OF LINEAR MOTION SESSION 20212022

OBJECTIVE QUESTION

1. What happened to the acceleration when the velocity is constant?
A. Zero
B. Constant
C. Increasing
D. Decreasing

2. The change in the magnitude of the acceleration a of an object with time t is shown in
FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 1
What is the best velocity- time graph to represent the motion?
A. B.

C. D.

3. An object is moving with a uniform acceleration of 5 m s−2. A graph of displacement
against time shows the motion of this object having a gradient which
A. equals 5 m s−1.
B. equals 5 m s−2.
C. increases with time.
D. decreases with time.

CHAPTER 2: KINEMATICS OF LINEAR MOTION SESSION 20212022

4. A bus moving with an initial speed of 20 m s-1 decelerates at a constant rate of 3 m s-2.
Calculate the distance travelled by the bus before it stops.

A. 66.7 m
B. - 66.7 m
C. 6.67 m
D. -6.67 m

5.

FIGURE 2

FIGURE 2 shows a velocity- time graph of a car. Calculate the distance travelled by
the car after 6 s.

A. 30 m
B. 90 m
C. 180 m
D. 100 m

6. Jeff throws a ball straight up. For which situation is the vertical velocity zero?

A. on the way up
B. at the top
C. on the way back down
D. none of the above a.

7. Two objects of different mass are released simultaneously from the top of a 20 m
tower and fall to the ground. If air resistance is negligible, which statement best
applies?

A. The greater mass hits the ground first.
B. Both objects hit the ground together.
C. The smaller mass hits the ground first.
D. No conclusion can be made with the information given.

CHAPTER 2: KINEMATICS OF LINEAR MOTION SESSION 20212022

8. A baseball catcher throws a ball vertically upward and catches it in the same spot when it
returns to his mitt. At what point in the ball’s path does it experience zero velocity and
non-zero acceleration at the same time?

A. midway on the way up
B. at the top of its trajectory
C. the instant it leaves the catcher’s hand
D. the instant before it arrives in the catcher’s mitt

STRUCTURED QUESTION

1. (a) (i) Define average velocity, instantaneous velocity and uniform velocity.
(ii) Define average acceleration, instantaneous acceleration and uniform
acceleration.

(b) A graph of acceleration - time of a car which starts from rest is shown in
FIGURE 3.

a (m s-2)

2

0 t (s)

2 46 8 10

–2

FIGURE 3
(i) Calculate the velocities of the car after 4 s and 10 s.
(ii) Sketch the velocities- time graph for the whole journey.
(iii) Determine the total distance travelled by the car.

2.
Distance (m)

40 B C

A0 4 8 D t (s)
10

FIGURE 4

The motion of an object in a straight line is shown in FIGURE 4.
(i) Calculate the velocity of the object for section AB and CD.
(ii) Sketch a graph of velocity against time of the motion.

CHAPTER 2: KINEMATICS OF LINEAR MOTION SESSION 20212022

(iii) Determine the total distance travelled.
(iv) Determine the displacement.

3.

FIGURE 5

Based on the graph shown in FIGURE 5,
(a) Describe qualitatively the motion of the object.
(b) Sketch a labelled graph of displacement s against time t.
(c) Sketch a labelled graph of acceleration a against time t.

4. A particle moves along the x-axis according to the equation
S = 4 + 6t − 2t 2

where S is in meters and t is in seconds. At t = 3.0 s, calculate
(a) the position of the particle
(b) its instantaneous velocity
(c) its instantaneous acceleration.

5. The speed of a car traveling along a straight road decreases uniformly from 12 m s−1
to 8.0 m s −1 over 88.0 m. Calculate the
(a) acceleration of the car.
(b) time taken of the car traveling over 88.0 m.
(c) time taken for the car to stop from its speed 8.0 m s −1 if the acceleration remains
unchanged like in part (a).
(d) total distance travelled by the car until it stops.

6. A car accelerating constantly at 5 m s-2. If its velocity changes from 5 m s-1 to30 m s-1,
calculate the
(i) time taken to reach the final velocity.
(ii) displacement of the car.

7. The speed of a car when passing point Q is 20 m s-1 and changes uniformly over a
distance of 400 m to 70 m s-1. Calculate the speed of the car 4 s after passing P?

8. The car is travelling at a speed of 20 m s-1 when it reaches the highway. Suddenly the
driver steps on the brake when he saw a fallen tree on the road at 60.0 m in front of him.
The car experiences a deceleration of 5 m s-2. Will the car stop before it hits the tree?

CHAPTER 2: KINEMATICS OF LINEAR MOTION SESSION 20212022

9. A stone is thrown vertically upwards with initial velocity 24 m s−1. Calculate the
(i) displacement of the stone after 4.0 s.
(ii) velocity of the stone at 10 m above the point of launch.
(iii) time to reach maximum height.

10. A ball is thrown vertically downward at a speed of 12 m s-1 from a
height of 68 m.
(i) How far does the ball travel in 2 s?
(ii) What is its speed when it hits the ground?

12. A firework is shot straight up and burst at a maximum height of 100 m. Calculate the
(i) initial velocity of the firework.
(ii) time to reach the maximum height.

13. A ping pong ball is thrown vertically upward and returns to its starting point after 4 s.
Calculate the
(i) initial speed of the ball.
(ii) maximum height of the ball.

CHAPTER 3: MOMENTUM AND IMPULSE SESSION 20212022

CHAPTER 3: MOMENTUM AND IMPULSE

3.1 Momentum and Impulse

→→

a) Define momentum, p = mv , impulse J = F t .
b) Solve problem related to impulse and impulse-momentum theorem, J = p = mv − mu
c) Determine impulse from F-t graph.

3.2 Conservation of Linear Momentum

a) State the principle of conservation of linear momentum
b) Apply the principle of conservation of momentum in elastic and inelastic collisions in 1D.

(Experiment 4: Linear Momentum)

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

1. Which one of the following statements is correct?

The force acting on an object is equivalent to…

A. its change of momentum.
B. the impulse it receives per second.
C. the energy it gains per second.
D. its acceleration per metre

2. The graph shows how the force F on a body in collision with another body varies with
time t. The area under the graph represents

A. the acceleration
B. the work done
C. the change in momentum
D. the velocity

CHAPTER 3: MOMENTUM AND IMPULSE SESSION 20212022

3. A one-dimensional impulse force acts on an object is shown in FIGURE 3.1. Calculate
the magnitude of the impulse given to the object.

F (N)

800 t (s)
600
400
200

0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.14 0.16

FIGURE 3.1

A. 16 N s B. 32 N s C. 64 N s D. 80 N s

4. The average value for impulsive force acting for 0.10 s on an object is 10 N. Determine
the magnitude of the impulse acting on the object.

A. 1 N s B. 2 N s C. 3 N s D. 4 N s

5. An 8 N force acts on a body of mass 2 kg for 2 s. What is the change of momentum of
the body?
A. 2 kg m s−1 B. 4 kg m s−1 C. 16 kg m s−1 D. 32 kg m s−1

6. The principle of conservation of linear momentum states that.

A. momentum equals the product of mass and velocity.
B. momentum is conserved in a collision.
C. if the force is constant, then momentum is conserved.
D. if the is no external force, then momentum is conserved.

7. A 40.0-kg ice-skater glides with a speed of 2.0 m s-1 toward a 10.0-kg sled at rest on the

ice. The iceskater reaches the sled and holds on to it. The ice-skater and the sled then

continue sliding in the same direction in which the ice-skater was originally skating.

What is the speed of the ice-skater and the sled after they collide?

A. 0.4 m s-1 B. 1.6 m s-1

C. 0.8 m s-1 D. 3.2 m s-1

CHAPTER 3: MOMENTUM AND IMPULSE SESSION 20212022

8. Two balls with masses of 0.4 kg and 0.6 kg respectively are thrown in such a manner
that they collide head-on. They stick together and move with common speed v. The
initial speed for each ball is 15 m s−1. Calculate the speed v.

A. Zero B. 3 m s−1 C. 6 m s−1 D. 9 m s−1

9. Two bowling balls, each with a mass of 8.52 kg, are traveling toward each other. One
bowling ball has a velocity of 2.45 m s-1 to the right while the other bowling ball has a
velocity of 3.02 m s-1 to the left. Find the total momentum of a two bowling balls.

A. 0.0 kg m s-1 to the right
B. 4.86 kg m s-1 to the right
C. 4.86 kg m s-1 to the left
D. 8.86 kg m s-1 to the left

STRUCTURED QUESTIONS

1. (a) Define linear momentum.

(b) A system is made up of two objects moving along a straight line. One object of
mass 1.5 kg moves to the right at a speed of 10.0 m s−1. The other object of mass
2.0 kg moves to the left at a speed of 12.0 m s−1. Determine the total momentum
of the system.

2. (a) Define impulse. Show the relationship between impulse and force.
(b) A ball with mass 400 g is moving horizontally with a speed 13.0 m s−1, hits a
wall and rebound at 18.0 m s−1 within 0.1 s. Calculate the magnitude of force by
wall act to the ball.

3. (a) FIGURE 3.2 shows graph F versus t. Based on the graph, what represents
impulse?
F (N)

t (s)

FIGURE 3.2

(b) Net force of 8.0 N acts on an 18.0 kg body for one minute. Determine the impulse
due to the force. Calculate the initial velocity of the body if the final velocity is
60.0 m s−1.

CHAPTER 3: MOMENTUM AND IMPULSE SESSION 20212022

4. A mass of 5.0 kg is acted on by a force F which changes with time t as shown in the
graph. The momentum of the mass increases by 40 kg m s-1 in 5 seconds? What is the
value of x?

F(N)

x

5

12 3 4 5 t(s
)

5. An object of mass 0.25 kg move at a speed of 24.0 m s−1 along a straight line. After it
has collided with another object, it moves at a speed of 40.0 m s−1 in the opposite
direction. Determine
(a) the impulse acting on the object.
(b) the average force applied on the object if the impulsive force has acted for t =
4.0 ms.

6. (a) State the principle of conservation of linear momentum.

(b) Three blocks A, B, and C of masses m, 2m, and 3m respectively are placed
on horizontal smooth plane as shown in FIGURE 3.3. Block A with speed
18.0 m s−1 collides and stick with block B. Both objects collide and stick with
block C. Together its move with common velocity v. Calculate the velocity v.
18.0 m s-1̶

AB C

FIGURE 3.3

7. (a) A car of mass 3000 kg travelling with a velocity of 90 km h-1 collides with a
stationary car of mass 2000 kg. After collision, the two cars move with the same
velocity v. What is the velocity v?

(b) A particle P of mass m travelling with a speed of 6.0 m s-1 approaches another
particle Q of mass 4m which is at rest. P collides head on and elastically with Q.
What is the speed of P and the speed of Q after collision?

CHAPTER 4: FORCES SESSION 20212022

CHAPTER 4: FORCES

4.1 Basic of Forces and free body diagram

a) Identify the forces acting on a body in different situations:
i) Weight, W;
ii) Tension,T;
iii)Normal force, N;
iv) Friction, f;
v) External force (pull or push), F

b) Sketch free body diagram.

c) Determine static friction and kinetic friction.
fs = s N, fk = k N

4.2 Newton’s Laws of Motion
a) State Newton’s Laws of motion.
b) Apply Newton’s Laws of motion.

(Experiment 5: Friction)

CHAPTER 4: FORCES SESSION 20212022

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1. Newton’s First Law of Motion is consistent with the concept of

A. force B. inertia C. momentum D. impulse

2. According to Newton’s first law, a body in motion tends to remain in motion at a constant
velocity. However, when you slide an object across a surface, the object eventually slows
down and stops. Why?

A. The object experiences a frictional force exerted by the surface, which opposes its
motion.

B. The object experiences the gravitational force exerted by Earth, which opposes its
motion

C. The object experiences an internal force exerted by the body itself, which opposes
its motion.

D. The object experiences a pseudo-force from the body in motion, which opposes
its motion

3. If there is no net force acting on an object, its means that
A. the object is at rest.
B. the acceleration is zero.
C. the object is moving with constant velocity.
D. all of above.

4.

Fm

θ

FIGURE 4.0

A body of mass m is on an inclined plane at an angle of θ with the horizontal. The body
moves up the plane at a constant velocity when a horizontal force, F acts on it as shown in
FIGURE 4.0. What is the friction between the body and the inclined plane?

A. mg sin θ C. F cos θ – mg sin θ

B. F cos θ D. F cos θ + mg sin θ

CHAPTER 4: FORCES SESSION 20212022

5. Two cars collide head-on. At every moment during the collision, the magnitude of the

force the first car exerts on the second is exactly equal to the magnitude of the force the

second car exerts on the first. This is an example of

A. Newton's first law. C. Newton's second law.

B. Newton's third law. D. Newton's law of gravitation.

STRUCTURED QUESTIONS

1. Based on TABLE 1. Identify the forces acting on a body and draw free body diagram in
different situations.

Diagram Free body diagram (FBD)

30o rough surface

v

A B
F

CHAPTER 4: FORCES SESSION 20212022
50o

P
30o

Q

TABLE 1

2. (a) State Newton’s first law. x
(b) Define equilibrium of a particle.
(c)

y

F2

F1
45o
45o
F3

FIGURE 4.1

Three forces are shown in FIGURE 4.1, where F1 = 20 N, F2 = 40 N and F3 = 30 N.
Calculate the magnitude and direction of the resultant force?

CHAPTER 4: FORCES T2 SESSION 20212022
3. T1 25 7 kg

6 kg O

T3

5 kg

FIGURE 4.2
Three wooden blocks with mass of 6 kg, 7 kg and 5 kg are connected by light strings
and on a horizontal frictionless floor. The point O is equilibrium as shown in FIGURE
4.2. Calculate the tension in the strings T1, T2 and T3.

4.

v

F

20o

rough surface

FIGURE 4.3

A 4 kg box is dragged by a force F and moves with a constant velocity on a rough horizontal
surface as shown in FIGURE 4.3. The force F of 45 N is directing upwards with an angle
20o to the surface. Determine the kinetic friction coefficient between surface and box.

CHAPTER 4: FORCES SESSION 20212022

5. (a) State Newton’s Second Law.
(b)

30o rough surface

FIGURE 4.4
A 2.0 kg object is placed on a rough plane inclined at 30° with the horizontal as shown in
FIGURE 4.4. It is released from rest and accelerates at 4.0 m s-2. Calculate the frictional
force acting on the object.

6. A 50 kg box is dragged on a horizontal floor through a distance of 1.5 m by a 300 N
force at 30° above the horizontal. The coefficient of friction of the floor is 0.2.
(a) Sketch a labeled diagram showing all the forces on the box.
(b) Calculate the normal force.
(c) Calculate the acceleration of the box.

7.

6 kg 35

a
7 kg

FIGURE 4.5

FIGURE 4.5 shows two objects with mass of 6.0 kg and 7.0 kg are connected by a string
through a frictionless pulley. The coefficient of kinetic friction between object of 6 kg and
the surface is 0.4. When the 7 kg of mass is released, the system accelerates with constant
acceleration a.
(a) Sketch free body diagram for m1 and m2.
(b) Calculate the tension in the string.
(c) Calculate the acceleration of the system.

CHAPTER 4: FORCES SESSION 20212022

8. Q

7.0 N R

2.0 kg

1.5 kg

FIGURE 4.6

Two wooden blocks Q and R of masses 2.0 kg and 1.5 kg respectively are on smooth table
as shown in FIGURE 4.6. A force of 7.0 N acts on the block Q so that both the blocks
accelerate together. Determine the horizontal force that Q exerted on R.

9. A box of mass m is weighed on a spring scale attached to the ceiling of a lift. The lift
accelerates with constant acceleration, a

(a) State the direction of lift motion when the spring scale reads a value that is greater
than the weight of the box. With the aid of a free body diagram, explain your
answer.

(b) Calculate the apparent weight of the box of mass 0.5 kg if the lift moves downward
with constant acceleration 2.0 m s-1.

CHAPTER 5: WORK AND ENERGY SESSION 20212022

CHAPTER 5 WORK AND ENERGY

5.1 Work

a) Define work done by a constant force

b) Explain the physical meaning of the dot product, W = F.s.
c) Use the equation for work done by a constant force, W = Fs cos
d) Determine work done from F-s graph.

5.2 Energy and Conservation of Energy

a) Define:
(i) kinetic energy
(ii) gravitational potential energy

(iii) elastic potential energy
b) Use:

(i) kinetic energy, K = 1 mv2
2

(ii) gravitational potential energy, U = mgh

(iii)elastic potential energy, Us = 1 kx2
2

c) State the principle of conservation of energy.

d) Apply the principle of conservation of energy

Objective

1. A body of mass, M slides a distance d along a horizontal surface. What is the work done
by gravity?
A. Mgd
B. Zero
C. –Mgd
D. Positive

2. A construction worker holds a heavy tool box. How muck work is done by the worker?
A. FGd
B. –FGd
C. mgh
D. zero

3. What happens to the kinetic energy of a moving object if the net work done is positive?
A. The kinetic energy increases
B. The Kinetic decreases
C. The kinetic energy remains the same
D. The kinetic energy is zero

CHAPTER 5: WORK AND ENERGY SESSION 20212022

4. A body moves with decreasing speed. Which of following statements is true?
A. The net work done on the body is positive and the kinetic energy is increasing.
B. The net work done on the body is positive and the kinetic energy is decreasing.
C. The net work done on the body is negative and the kinetic energy is increasing.
D. The net work done on the body is negative and the kinetic energy is decreasing.

5. The speed of an object is doubled. Its kinetic energy is therefore,
A. the same
B. doubled
C. tripled
D. quadrupled

6. Which of following statements is TRUE about potential energy?
A. Potential energy is not associated with the interactions of two bodies.
B. The choice of position for zero potential energy is arbitrary.
C. The change in potential energy does not depend on the path taken.
D. Potential energy is the energy associated with the position or configuration of an
object.

7. What happens to the total energy of a moving object if all the applied forces are
conserved?
A. It increases
B. It decreases
C. It remains constant
D. The velocity is required to answer this question

8.

α

O
FIGURE 5.1

Calculate the work done at point O as shown in the FIGURE 5.1.

A. −Fs cos C. −Fs sin

B. Fs cos D. Fs sin

CHAPTER 5: WORK AND ENERGY SESSION 20212022

9.
Y

vh

X
FIGURE 5.2

FIGURE 5.2 shows an object of mass m passes a point X with a velocity of v . Then
it slides up a frictionless incline plane and stops at point Y of height h above X. When
a second object of mass 1 m passes X with the velocity of 1 v , at what height will it

22
rise to?

A. 1 h B. 1 h C. h D. 2h
4 2

STRUCTURED QUESTIONS

1. (a) (i) Define work done by constant force.
(ii) Explain the physical meaning of dot product, W = F.s.
(ii) A boy pushes a box with a constant force of 180 N at an angle of 30°
with the horizontal. How much work is done if the box is pushed through
a distance of 15 m?

(b) A 3.0 kg box is lifted vertically from rest to a distance of 2.0 m with a constant
upward applied force of 60.0 N. Calculate
(i) the work done by the applied force.
(ii) the work done by gravity.

F
2.

37˚

FIGURE 5.4

A tourist drags his luggage of mass 20 kg with a force F at a constant velocity across
the floor as shown in FIGURE 5.4. The kinetics friction between the rollers of the
luggage and the floor is 0.40. The luggage is dragged 0.80 m along the floor. Calculate

(a) the work done on the luggage by the normal force.
(b) the work done on the luggage by force

CHAPTER 5: WORK AND ENERGY SESSION 20212022

3. Tension (N)

70
60

Elongation (mm)
12 34 5 67 8

FIGURE 5.5

FIGURE 5.5 shows the elongation of a wire as tension is increased. Calculate

(a) the work done to elongate the wire from 5.0 mm to 7.5 mm.
(b) the total work done.

4. (a) Define elastic potential energy and kinetic energy.
(b) A force of magnitude 800 N caused an extension of 20 cm on a spring. Determine
the elastic potential energy of the spring when the extension of the spring is 30
cm.
(c) The initial kinetic energy of an object moving on a horizontal surface is K . The
friction between the object and the surface causes the velocity of the object to
decrease uniformly to zero in time t. What is the kinetic energy of the object at
time t ?
2

5. (a) State the principle of conservation of energy
(b)
A

20 m B
10 m
C 7m

FIGURE 5.6
A 2 kg sphere slides down a smooth and curvy surface as shown in FIGURE
5.6. The sphere is initially at rest. Use the conservation of energy to calculate
the velocity of the sphere as it passes point B, C and D.

CHAPTER 5: WORK AND ENERGY SESSION 20212022

6. A marble of mass 750 g is placed on a vertical spring with constant force 160 N m-1
until the spring is compressed 20 cm from its equilibrium point. When the marble is
released, it moves vertically upward and reached the maximum height. Determine the
maximum height achieved from the position where it is released.

7. A 0.2 kg ball moves at constant velocity 10.0 m s-1 before it hit the metal plate that
is stuck on a spring as shown in FIGURE 5.1.

metal plate

ball
spring

FIGURE 5.1

a) How much kinetic energy gain in the moving ball?
b) If the spring is compress 10.0 cm, determine the elastic spring constant.

CHAPTER 6: CIRCULAR MOTION SESSION 2021/2022

CHAPTER 6: CIRCULAR MOTION

6.1 Uniform circular motion

a) Describe uniform circular motion.
b) Convert units between degrees, radian, and revolution or rotation.

6.2 Centripetal force

a) Define centripetal acceleration.

b) Use centripetal acceleration, ac = v2
r

c) Define centripetal force.

d) Use centripetal force, Fc = mv2
r

e) Solve problems related to centripetal force for uniform circular motion for horizontal circular

motion

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

1. When an object experiences uniform circular motion, the direction of the acceleration is
A. in the same direction as the velocity vector.
B. in the opposite direction of the velocity vector.
C. is directed toward the center of the circular path.
D. is directed away from the center of the circular path.

2. When an object experiences uniform circular motion, the direction of the net force is
A. in the same direction as the motion of the object.
B. in the opposite direction of the motion of the object.
C. is directed toward the center of the circular path.
D. is directed away from the center of the circular path.

3. A car of mass m goes around an unbanked curve of radius r with speed v. If the road is

frictionless due to ice, the car can still negotiate the curve if the horizontal component of

the normal force on the car from the road is equal in magnitude to

A. mg B. mg.
2

mv2 D. tan  v2 
C.  
 rg 
r

CHAPTER 6: CIRCULAR MOTION SESSION 2021/2022

4. A 0.50 kg mass is attached to the end of a 1.0 m string. The system is whirled in a
horizontal circular path. If the maximum tension that the string can withstand is 350 N.
What is the maximum speed of the mass if the string is not to break?
A. 700 m s-1
B. 26 m s-1
C. 19 m s-1
D. 13 m s-1

5. A car traveling 20 m s-1 rounds an 80 m radius horizontal curve with the tires on the verge
of slipping. How fast can this car round a second curve of radius 320 m? (Assume the
same coefficient of friction between the car's tires and each road surface.)
A. 20 m s-1
B. 40 m s-1
C. 80 m s-1
D. 160 m s-1

STRUCTURED QUESTIONS

1. (a) Describe uniform circular motion.
(b) A child sitting on the edge of a merry-go-round is moving at the speed of 1.2 m s-
1. If the merry-go-round has diameter of 2.1 m, find the centripetal acceleration of
the child?

2. Which of the following statements about centripetal acceleration is true?
(a) An object moving at a constant velocity cannot have a cenripetal acceleration.
(b) An object moving at constant speed may have a centripetal acceleration.

3. Speedboat A negotiates a curve whose radius is 80 m. speedboat B negiotiates a curve
whose radius is 240 m. Each boat experiences the same centripetal acceleration. What is
the ratio vA/vB of the speeds of the boats?

4. A 0.175 kg ball on the end of a string is revolving uniformly in a horizontal circle of radius
0.500 m. The ball makes 2.00 revolutions in a second.
a. Determine the speed of the ball.
b. Determine the ball's centripetal acceleration.
c. Determine the force a person must exert on opposite end of the string.

5. A horizontal force of 210 N is exerted on the edge of discus. A discus with it’s mass 2 kg
and radius of 0.90 m then rotates uniformly in a horizontal circle. Calculate the speed of
the discus.

6. A 0.45 kg ball, attached to the end of a horizontal cord, is rotated in a circle of radius 1.3 m
on a frictionless horizontal surface. If the cord will break when the tension in it exceeds 75

CHAPTER 6: CIRCULAR MOTION SESSION 2021/2022

N, what is the maximum speed the ball can have?

7. A device for training astronauts and jet fighter pilots is designed to rotate a trainee in a
horizontal circle of radius 12.0 m. If the force felt by the trainee on her back is 7.85 times
her own weight, how fast is she rotating? Express your answer in both m s-1 and rev s-1.

8. (a) Define centripetal acceleration and centripetal force.

(b) A cyclist is moving at the speed of 4.9 m s-1 in a circle of radius 10 m. calculate the
smallest value of the coefficient of friction between the tyres and the ground for the
cylist to remain in balance.

9. A 1500 kg car is moving on a flat horizontal curved road. If the radius of the curve is 350
cm and the coefficient of static friction between the tyres and dry road, µs = 0.5;
a. calculate the maximum speed the car can have and still make the turn successfully.
b. suppose the car travels on this curve on a wet day and begins to skid when its speed
reaches 8 m s-1. Calculate the coefficient of static friction, µs in this case.

10. A car is safely negotiating an unbanked circular turn at a speed of 25 m s -1. The road is
dry, and the maximum static frictional force acts on the tyres. Suddenly a long wet patch
in the road decreases the maximum static frictional force to one-third if its dry road value.
If the car is to continue safely around the curve, what speed must be driver slow the car?

11. A car is traveling in uniform circular motion on the road, whose radius is r. The road is
slippery, and the car is just on the verge of sliding.
a. If the car’s speed were doubled, what would be the smallest radius at which the car
does not slide? Express your answer your in terms of r.
b. What would be your answer to part (a) if the car were replaced by the one weighed
twice as much and the car’s speed still being doubled?

CHAPTER 6: CIRCULAR MOTION SESSION 2021/2022

CHAPTER 7: ROTATIONAL OF RIGID BODY SESSION 20212022

CHAPTER 7: ROTATIONAL OF RIGID BODY

7.1 Rotational Kinematics

a) Define:
i) Angular displacement ( )

ii) Average angular velocity (av )
iii) Instantaneous angular velocity ( )

iv) Average angular acceleration (av )

v) Instantaneous angular acceleration ( )

b) Use:

i) Angular displacement ( )

ii) Average angular velocity (av )
iii) Instantaneous angular velocity ( )

iv) Average angular acceleration (av )
v) Instantaneous angular acceleration ( )

c) State parameters in rotational motion with their corresponding quantities in linear motion.

d) Use parameters in rotational motion with their corresponding quantities in linear motion:

s = r , v = r, at = r, ac = r2 = v2
r

e) Solve problem related to rotational motion with constant angular acceleration.

 =  +  t, =  t + 1t2 and 2 = 2 + 2
2

CHAPTER 7: ROTATIONAL OF RIGID BODY SESSION 20212022

OBJECTIVE QUESTION

1. An angular speed of 25 rotations per minute is equivalent to

A. 0.42 rad s-1 C. 238 rad s-1

B. 2.62 rad s-1 D. 420 rad s-1

2. The rate of rotation of a wheel is increased uniformly from 2 rad s-1 to 5 rad s-1 in 6 s. The
angular displacement of the rotated wheel is

A. 21 rad C. 42 rad
B. 40 rad D. 60 rad

3. The angular velocity of a wheel increases uniformly from 3.6 rad s-1 to 6.0 rad s-1 in 3.0

s. What is the average angular velocity?

A. 0.8 rad s-1 C. 2.8 rad s-1

B. 2.4 rad s-1 D. 4.8 rad s-1

4. A wheel rotating at 2.0 revolutions per second slows down uniformly. It stops after 5.0

s. What is its angular retardation?

A. 0.40 rad s-2 C. 2.51 rad s-2

B. 1.25 rad s-2 D. 5.02 rad s-2

5. A disc of radius 0.45 m rotates at a constant rate of 5.0 revolutions per second. What are
the tangential and radial accelerations of a point on the rim of the disc?

Tangential acceleration Radial acceleration
444 m s -2
A. 0
B. 444 m s -2 0
C. 11.3 m s -2 444 m s -2
D. 444 m s -2 11.3 m s-2

CHAPTER 7: ROTATIONAL OF RIGID BODY SESSION 20212022

STRUCTURED QUESTIONS

1. A bicycle wheel rotates with an angular velocity of 10π rad s-1. At 3 seconds after that,
its angular velocity becomes 4π rad s-1. Calculate
(a) the angular acceleration of the wheel
(b) the angular displacement at 3 seconds.

2. A windmill rotates at a constant speed and takes 30.0 s to complete one revolution.
(a) Determine the angular velocity of the windmill in rad s-1.
(b) Calculate the time taken by the windmill to rotate through an angle of 120.

3. A wheel turns about its axis of rotation at uniform angular acceleration from rest to reach
an angular velocity of 30 rad s-1 in 20 s. Calculate;
(a) Its angular displacement.
(b) Its tangential acceleration at point

4. A spinning top has an initial angular velocity of 600 rpm. The velocity then decreases at
a constant retardation to 300 rpm. in 6.0 s. Determine the
(a) initial and final angular velocity in rad s−1
(b) angular acceleration,
(c) number of revolutions the body has turned through during the 6.0 s interval,
(d) extra time needed by the body to come to a stop if it continues to slow down at the
same rate.

5. A rigid body rotates about a fixed axis through a point in the body, with uniform angular
velocity of 600 r.p.m. The velocity then decreases at a constant retardation to 300 r.p.m.
in 6.0 s. Determine:
(a) the angular acceleration,
(b) the number of revolutions the body has turned through in the 6.0 s.
(c) the extra time needed by the body to come to a stop if it continues to slow down
at the same rate.

CHAPTER 8: HEAT, GAS LAW AND THERMODYNAMICS SESSION 20212022

CHAPTER 8: HEAT, GAS LAW AND THERMODYNAMICS

8.1 Heat

a) Define heat conduction.

b) Solve problems related to rate of heat transfer , dQ = −kA dT  through a cross-sectional area
dt dx 

*only one material

c) Discuss graphs of temperature – distance, T-x for heat conduction through insulated.
*one material & lagged material

8.2 Ideal Gas Equations

a) State Gas’s Law
b) Sketch the following graphs of an ideal gas:

i) p – V graph at constant temperature.
ii) V – T graph at constant pressure.
iii) p – T graph at constant volume.
c) Explain the following graphs of an ideal gas:
i) p – V graph at constant temperature.
ii) V – T graph at constant pressure.
iii) p – T graph at constant volume.
d) State ideal gas equation
e) Use ideal gas equation, pV = Nrt

8.3 Thermodynamics

a) State the first law of thermodynamics.
b) Solve problem related to first law of thermodynamics.
c) Define the thermodynamics process

(i) Isothermal
(ii) Isochoric
(iii) Isobaric
(iv) Adiabatic
d) Interpret p-V graph for all the thermodynamics processes.
(Experiment 6: Heat)

CHAPTER 8: HEAT, GAS LAW AND THERMODYNAMICS SESSION 20212022

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

1. Which of the following statements best represents the characteristic of heat as a form of
energy?
A. Heat needs a medium
B. The magnitude of heat depends on its density
C. Heat is transferred from a point or region to another
D. Heat is transferred from a high pressure region to low pressure region

2. Which of the following graph DOES NOT obey the ideal gas law?

A. P C. P
T constant V constant

V T
V P constant
B. P D.

T constant

VT

3. An ideal gas is cooled at constant volume, then expanded at constant pressure and finally
compressed isothermally until it returned to its original state. Which of the following graphs
represents all these processes?

A. B.
p p

C. V p V
p D. V

V

CHAPTER 8: HEAT, GAS LAW AND THERMODYNAMICS SESSION 20212022

4. Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning an adiabatic process for a
thermodynamics system?
A. No change in the kinetic energy of the gas molecules
B. No change in the internal energy of the system
C. No temperature increase of the gas
D. No heat transfer into or out of the system

STRUCTURED QUESTIONS

1. Define heat and state its SI unit.

2. (a) Define thermal conductivity.

(b) An aluminum rod has a diameter of 3 cm and thickness of 0.6 m. One end of the
rod is placed in boiling water and the other end in ice. Calculate the quantity of heat
transferred through the rod within 1 minute.
(kaluminium = 205 W m-1 K-1)

(c) On the same axes, sketch the temperature versus length graph for an insulated
conductor.

3. (a) A Styrofoam box used to keep drinks cold at a picnic has total wall area of
0.80 m2 and wall thickness is 2.0 cm. It is filled with ice, water and cans at 0C.
What is the rate of heat flow into the box if the temperature of outside wall is 30
C?
(kstyrofoam = 0.01 W m-1 K-1)

(b) The rate of heat conduction is 80 kJ per hour at a thin wall with an area of 14 cm2.
If the temperature gradient across the wall is 15C m-1, calculate the thermal
conductivity, k

4 (a) State Boyle’s Law and Charles’s Law.

(b) A vessel of volume 45 liters contains 3.0 moles of gas at 35 ºC. Calculate the gas
pressure.

5. State first law of thermodynamics.

6. Define the following thermodynamics processes:
(i) isothermal
(ii) isovolumetric
(iii) isobaric
(iv) adiabatic

CHAPTER 8: HEAT, GAS LAW AND THERMODYNAMICS SESSION 20212022

7. Sketch p-V graph for all the thermodynamic processes in the same axes.
(i) isothermal
(ii) isovolumetric
(iii) isobaric
(iv) adiabatic

8. In each of the following situations, find the change in internal energy of the system.
(a) A system absorbs 2090 J of heat and at the same time does 400 J of work.
(b) A system absorbs 1255 J of heat and at the same time 420 J of work is done on it.
(c) 5020 J is removed from a gas held at constant volume. Give your answer in
kilojoules.

9. As an ideal gas is compressed isothermally, the compressing agent does 36 J of work. How
much heat flows from the gas during the compression process?

10. (a) A gas undergoes the following thermodynamic processes: isobaric expansion,
heated at constant volume, compressed isothermally and finally expands
adiabatically back to its initial pressure and volume. Sketch all processed given
on the same P- V graph.

(b) A gas of volume 0.02m3 at a pressure of 2.0 × 105 Pa undergoes an isothermal
compression. If the final pressure is 4.0×105 Pa, what is its volume?

(c) Sketch the pressure-volume graph for an isothermal compression.

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