Logistics and Transportation: Future

ISSUE NO. 20 | JUNE 2021

LOGISTICS AND
TRANSPORTATION :FUTURE

GROUP 2 UNITED

ISSUE

LEADER OOI ZHU ER 277 140

GROUP MEMBERS RAMMIAH GOVINDARAJOO 263401
NUR FARAHIN JAM SARI MOHD 259034
MUHD MUIZZUDDIN BIN SULIMAN 268101
KHAIRUL AZAM BIN MOHD SALLEH 282035
NUR AIN NABIHAH BINTI JABARUDDIN 271472

Lecture : Dr Mazri Bin Yaakob

01 18

INTRODUCTION INTERNET OF
THLINOGGSIS(TIIOCTS) IN
How Has the Internet of Things
Affected the Transportation Industry? 23

The Internet of Things (IoT) in INTERNET OF
Transportation and Logistics THINGS (IOT) IN
TRANSPORTATION
LOGIS04TICS
SCENARIO 34

11 IMPACT IOT
what will happend?
TRANSPORTATION
INDUSTRY:

CHALLENGES AND
OPPORTUNITIES

15 39

CHALLENGES & CONCLUSION
OPPORTUNITIES IN

LOGISTICS

INTRODUCTION It is feasible to simplify the delivery of
products using technology. Faster delivery
written by Ooi Zhu Er procedures, better management of items in
transit, and lower operational costs are all
Without a question, technological benefits of technology adaption in logistics.
advancements have transformed the globe
into a virtual village. You can buy for
anything online and have it delivered to
your house with just one click of a mouse.

While commodities must still travel the As digitalisation takes root and consumer
same distance to reach a consumer, the expectations shift, logistics industries are
logistics business may profit from modern entering an age of unparalleled
logistics technologies. Numerous issues in transformation. New technologies are
the logistics business continue to have a allowing for more efficiency and more
detrimental impact on the delivery of collaborative operating models, as well as
products, ranging from late deliveries to reshaping the market in ways that are just just
lost deliveries and even damaged items in becoming evident. New entries, whether they
transit. are start-ups or existing consumers and
suppliers in the business, are also stirring
01 things up.

HOW HAS THE INTERNET 02
TORFATNHSINPGOSRTAAFTFIEOCNTED THE
INDUSTRY?

Transportation and logistics are an
important aspect of the transportation
industry and the foundation of every
economy. These data clearly indicate
that the transportation sector will see
new chances in the near future. With the
advent of machine learning, AI, and
other new-age digital advancements, the
transportation sector is presently seeing
a greater range of services, the entry of
new market competitors, an expanded
customer experience, and a new
business model.

Despite the fact that the transportation
sector has been in turmoil for many
years, the advent of Warehouse
Management Systems (WMS), startups,
and the internet is currently upscaling
the industry. By combining with IoT-
related technology improvements,
transportation-based firms are growing
their income flow every year.

written by Ooi Zhu Er

PAGE 07

THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT)
IN TRANSPORTATION AND
LOGISTICS

written by Ooi Zhu Er

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a primary driver of the
transportation industry's game-changing value. Apart from
being an essential aspect of the infrastructure department,
the transportation industry contributes a significant portion
of a country's GDP in terms of income, investment, and jobs.
With the emergence of IoT in both the private and public
sectors, the transportation sector has witnessed significant
progress.

Transportation and logistics industries have been
employing networks and sensors to harvest data for more
than two decades. These systems were not linked to the
internet. The Internet of Things (IoT) has allowed the cloud
storage method, allowing for the storing and processing of
large amounts of data.

As time went on, transportation startups began to rely on
linked gadgets to do their daily responsibilities. Sensors,
memory chips, microprocessors, and other communication
systems have shrunk in size and cost, which has
accelerated the use of connected devices in most
transportation and logistics firms.

Currently, the majority of investments in the transportation
industry are either for the construction of new infrastructure
or the development of an existing network. The
transportation sector has incorporated the best of all
technical improvements to reach wider regions, from time
and speed to risk and safety reduction.

03

LOGISTICSISSUE2JUNE2021
SCENARIO

INSIDE THIS ISSUE

STUDY FINDINGS ON GLOBAL LOGISTICS FUTURES, WITH AN EMPHASIS ON THE LOGISTICS
INDUSTRY'S FUTURE CONTRIBUTION TO THE TRIPLE BOTTOM LINE - PEOPLE, PLANET, AND

PROFIT AND WHAT LOGISTICS MAY LOOK IN THE FUTURE.

PAGE 08

LOWERING RISK AND
INCREASING EFFICIENCY

BY KHAIRUL AZAM

Imagine being able to follow a The logistics industry will reap
considerable benefits from the fully
product in real time, not only as it linked IoT. These advantages
include real-time tracking and
moves from warehouse to truck to scheduling of logistics trucks and
employees, capacity optimization,
delivery to consumer, but at every and full-road rate monitoring,
among others. Trucks may use IIoT
step along the way. Consider how to check their own capacity and
interact with one another in real
warehouse robots may interact time to interpret this information,
allowing them to make better
directly with one another, or how decisions.

autonomous vehicles could do so on

the road. With IoT, effective use of

big data saves costs and increases

efficiency throughout the supply

chain, among other benefits like as

route optimization, space

optimization, more precise fuel

usage monitoring, and smart

dispatching.

Importantly, successful IIoT
implementation aids in the safety of
historically dangerous industries,
such as those involving physical
labour and robots. System failures or
downtime are the most significant
hazards associated with IIoT
implementations.

"THERE ARE NO FOREIGN LANDS. IT IS THE
TRAVELER ONLY WHO IS FOREIGN."

05

06
PAGE 21

A PLATFORM WITH TRUE OPENNESS

Khairul Azam

We've always thought that smart supply chain's
full potential and extensive advantages can only
be achieved when the entire ecosystem benefits.
This will necessitate data exchange that is both

open and safe among trustworthy colleagues.
Merchants must be able to monitor and optimise
raw material and freight transit in real time, as well
as storage, sorting, transfer, and delivery, through

complete and 100 percent-reliable connection
upstream and downstream. It should include

predictive models and analytical tools, in addition
to fundamental services and software systems

(such as warehouse management systems)And
such an ecosystem shouldn't be reliant on just a
few contributors. Partners should be allowed to

add their own solutions to a genuinely open
platform. This is the only way the business can

progress, and it is the heart of what we are
attempting to promote via our example.

Beyond logistics, the IoT supply chain has
enormous implications for increasing company

efficiency across many industries. Car
manufacturers have been using cloud-based

services and IoT technologies in both the
acquisition of overseas components and the
delivery of cars to vendors in international markets
over the past several yearsPublic transportation
authorities have benefited greatly from the data
given by IoT supply chain systems, which has

allowed them to enhance performance by
monitoring their fleets, reduce congestion, and

respond faster to incidents..

CUSTOMIZED
LIFESTYLE

By Khairul Azam

Individualization and As a result of the localization of
individualised consumption are value chains, the requirement
ubiquitous in today's for long-distance transportation
environment. Consumers have of final and semi-final
the ability to design, produce, commodities will be greatly
and invent their own goods. reduced. Logistics companies
Only raw resources and data organise the complete physical
continue to travel value chain at the same time.
internationally, resulting in an They also manage the
increase in regional trade encrypted data streams
streams. Decentralized energy necessary for the transmission
systems and infrastructure of building and design
support customization and blueprints for 3D printers, as
regional manufacturing. well as the online fabrication
market. Strong regional
New manufacturing logistics skills and a high-
technology, such as 3D quality last-mile network
printers, have accelerated the become crucial success criteria
customisation trend, allowing as a result of decentralised
emerging nations to bypass manufacturing.
traditional industrial production
patterns. However, the
widespread creation of
individualised items has
increased total energy and raw
material consumption, putting
the world's climate on track to
warm by 3.5°C by the end of
the century.

NOMADIC | 07

PARALYZING
PROTECTIONISM

Globalization has been reversed as a result of economic
hardship, excessive nationalism, and protectionist
obstacles. Resources are limited, technological progress
is slowing, and economies are deteriorating.
International disputes over resource deposits arise as a
result of high energy costs and severe scarcity. Under
these conditions, no effort is made to cut greenhouse
gas emissions, and the global climate is on track to
warm by 3.5° C by the end of the century.

Challenges created by the fall in global commerce and
the resultant regionalization of supply chains have
implications for the logistics sector. Governments
consider logistics to be a critical business. Due to the
poor ties between some blocs and countries, logistics
companies in bloc-free countries operate as brokers in
international commerce. The need for professional
customs brokerage and advisory services is expanding
as the customs clearance procedure becomes more

08 complicated and time-consuming.

Global Due to low-cost, mechanised production, the world
Resilience was first defined by a high level of consumption.
– Local However, as a result of rapid climate change, supply
Adaptation chains and lean production systems are frequently
disrupted, resulting in supply failures for a variety of
09 items. A movement away from efficiency maximisation
and toward risk minimization characterises the new
economic paradigm. The global economy will be better
able to weather difficult times as a result of this
fundamental shift toward redundant manufacturing
systems and a shift from global to regionalized supply
networks.

With regionalized trade, the resilient world relies on a
logistics sector that prioritises supply security, with
backup infrastructure to assure dependable
transportation in insecure and dangerous times. Such
comprehensive backup systems, on the other hand, are
asset-intensive and incompatible with the goal of
carbon reduction.To counteract this effect and maintain
a balance of energy efficiency and supply chain
resilience, advanced logistics planning is employed to
maximise capacity utilisation. Furthermore, rather than
sophisticated just-in-time delivery methods, massive
storage complexes near the plant are viewed as
necessary buffers.

JUNE 2021 | 24

LTORAGNISSTPICOSRTAANTDION
OCHPPAOLLRETNUGNEITSIE&S

10

Transportation Industry:
Challenges and
Opportunities

DIGITAL TRANSFORMATIONS

By Nur Ain Nabihah

The use of digital technologies Failure to adapt
to establish new transportation transportation techniques to
sector models is known as reflect the upcoming digital
digital transformation. Often, transformation could result
the goal is to alleviate in lower revenue and
transportation industry pain profitability as a result of
points, increase efficiency, and fewer company possibilities.
provide a more personalised Many businesses upgrade
customer experience. The idea their processes and
behind digital transformation is implement new technology.
that digital tools can enhance However, they are having
every aspect of a business, difficulty explaining how
including the transportation their new digital strategy fits
industry. To put it another way, into their long-term
these tools can assist the objectives. They also have
transportation business in problems with a lack of
improving its processes and committed IT expertise, a
culture in order to stay lack of a clearly defined plan,
competitive and relevant. and poor data management.

11

Proactive Cybersecurity

In the era of globalization, many Success companies have long
struggled with this threat. Until time
industries are turning to digital is made to resolve this issue, the
industry will still face cybersecurity
P AiinnGctlhuEedind0gig8iitnadl uesratryt.heNreevaerrethmeleasnsy, issues in the coming years. Industry
efforts to increase chain visibility
cyber criminals on the rise. Many provide as a tool to improve
product integrity and safety.
companies have been hacked not However, this will not be possible
without efforts to resolve the
P AonGceEb1ut2 many times. This is challenges faced by the industry.
The problem arises as a big
because most cyberattacks that consequence for this consumption
industry. For complete information
have been happening come from the company remains intact and
trusting the systems.
the inside that employees who

P AdGivuElge  2o4r provide information

about company internal secrets.

This leakage of information was

P AtaolGsoaEcpapul3yse1dthbey employees failing
planned Cyber

Protocol in their life.

BY NUR AIN NABIHAH

12

Transport automation
and the Internet of
Things partnered
robots.

BY NUR AIN NABIHAH

Order fulfilment and warehouse Many transportation companies
are still adjusting to the new
automation with robots have environment. They do not have an
option in any case. Due to labour
proven to be difficult for the shortages, automation has been
given the opportunity to change
industry. However, because of the the transportation scene.
Previously, 80 percent of
high demand, numerous warehouse operations were
performed manually. They must
transportation companies are use robots to make things more
accurate, flexible, and economical
eager to use them. They will aid in as demand grows. Most
transportation businesses will
the simplification of procedures. spend the year seeking to solve
this problem.
Clients are demanding for more

advanced modes of transportation.

This is because the rise of e-

commerce, transportation

providers must operate more

efficiently and quickly. They must

fulfil a customer's orders as quickly

as possible. This is a sector that has

taken the industry by surprise

PAGE 10

13

CORE SYSTEMS
TRANSFORMATION

Transport companies must be aware of
their essential systems. They must
understand four core systems: modes,
infrastructures, networks, and flows, which
are the major drivers of a core system
revolution in the transportation business.
Before attempting to disrupt their
enterprises, they must be aware of these
essential systems. It is also an important
aspect of running a successful company.
Businesses that are developing at different
rates make it difficult for stakeholders to
understand what is going on. Companies,
on the other hand, have the opportunity to
give new look into their businesses when
new transportation technologies emerge.
In addition, the transportation industry will
be able to upgrade its supply chain
management.

14

COLINOHPTGPARIOLSOLRTDETIUNCUCGSNTEIITSOIE&NS IN

written by Muhd Muiz

The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the coronavirus
pandemic or coronavirus outbreak is an ongoing 2019
global coronavirus disease pandemic caused by severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
The coronavirus crisis has adversely affected the global
economy and affected almost all sectors, including the
supply chain and logistics in the global
The method of closing or blocking entrances by countries
affected by the spread of the Covid-19 epidemic will
cause the logistics sector to be affected thus causing the
world economy to collapse
In Malaysia, the closure of businesses and services
during the Movement Control Order (MCO) in March
has greatly affected how businesses operate,
including how goods and food are delivered amid
growing demand.

15

PAGE 07

CHALLENGES IN
LOGISTICS ?

Development of technology Regulation and enviromental
issues
The expense of adapting to new supply chain technologies is
significant, yet it is necessary to stay competitive in the
business. This problem will be solved by a third party logistics
partner, as many of these companies already have the
appropriate technologies to boost productivity. Radiofrequency
identification (RFID) for barcoding and scanning,
communication technology such as electronic data exchange
(EDI) and GPS, and material handling technology are all
examples of these technologies. More capital should be
invested by logistics industry in technology to automate
processes around the board.

Manufacturers who deal with raw material
imports from nations regarded to be virus
hotspots have forced to halt production. Even
before the Pandemic, the trade war with
China's suppliers was tense. As politics
becomes more involved in determining where
the virus originated, the situation is unlikely to
change very soon. As a result, most logistics
companies have severed ties with the affected
countries and blocked their trade borders. As a
result, most countries located in the middle of
the commercial routes are no longer able to
benefit from the agreements.

16

OPPORTUNITIES IN
LOGISTICS

By Muhd Muiz

EI very area of operations
is being optimised.

In fact, all types of businesses fAutsuerceure and long-term
must improve their operations
throughout the logistics Safety and sustainability, in
environment, with data and general, are essential
technology serving as crucial commercial drivers for the
enablers. Collecting and industry, particularly given
exchanging data to trace the severity of the
packages in real time from environmental crisis.
point of origin to final Leading logistics
destination is critical to organisations are utilising
increasing supply chain connected technology to
visibility. This information can collect and exchange data in
originate from telematics in real time with drivers in
trucks and ships, as well as order to help them save
sensors in warehouses and on money on gas and drive
pallets in transit. safely.

Applied sensor data 17

Customers have got

accustomed to receiving

accurate arrival times and the

ability to adjust delivery

arrangements as a result of

logistics businesses' efforts.

There's a lot more that can be

done with data to optimise

routes. Logistics businesses

can forecast any disruption by

receiving an exact view of a

package's status and location

at every stage, and when

external data sources (such as

traffic or weather) are

combined with machine

learning, routes can be

modified in real time.

18

INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) IN
LOGISTICS AND TRANSPORTATION

PLACES TO VISIT THIS SUMMER

WRITTEN BY FARAHIN JAM SARI

Internet of Things (IoT) in
Logistics

The IoT in logistics industry is expanding because of IoT solutions enhance the efficiency of logistics
operations. The success of every logistics firm is determined on the efficient management of warehousing
and inventory, the timely delivery of products, the automation of internal business processes, the quality of
goods, and the secure storage of goods. Several firms are widely utilising modern technologies, such as IoT

in the logistics sector, to accomplish these features.

With its enhanced tracking capabilities and monitoring The rapid rise of the e-commerce business is
solutions, the Internet of Things (IoT) has transformed significantly contributing to the market's growth. Sales
the logistics sector. Clearly, IoT is a benefit to the in the e-commerce business are anticipated to rise
logistics industry. Its adoption enabled a logistics throughout the world. This can be linked to changing
company to change its business model and achieve customer behaviour, as customers are increasingly
better outcomes. In the last decade, the Internet of seeking free and fast shipping, as well as competitive
Things (IoT) in logistics has been increasingly prices. As a result, in order to deal with this scenario,
embraced, mostly in the form of tracking devices. many businesses are implementing IoT technologies
However, there is more to what IoT may bring to this into their logistical operations. The fast development of
business in the future. the global e-commerce sector, as well as the rising
need to improve efficiency in logistics firms, are driving
up demand for IoT in logistics.

- 19 -

WHERE AND HOW TO USE IOT IN LOGISTICS

Smart containers WRITTEN BY FARAHIN JAM SARI

Smart containers, like other "smart objects," are outfitted with internet-connected, environment-sensing

devices. These devices allow them to regulate many elements of transportation without the need for human

intervention. Smart containers, for example, can monitor and report on temperature and lighting changes. It

is also possible to record the door's open/close state as well as the exact time. As well as late arrivals and

departures from the location, and any other odd activity. Container tracking sensors are one of the most

common IoT technologies utilised by freight forwarders and shipping companies. Smart trackers allow you to

verify the location of the container at any moment and stay up to date on the status of the cargo in real time.

Fleet management Warehousing

IoT can power fleets in a variety of ways, including Sensors linked to the internet keep track of the
engine data, fuel data, geographical data, driver
behavior data, and auxiliary data. All of this amount and quality of items in the warehouses. You'll
information will be derived from the many devices
placed in the trucks. This data was saved and always know how much material you've got left.
evaluated in order to prevent making the same
mistakes and problems in the future. Also, to cut According to IoT Now, smart warehouses can analyze
expenses via more effective planning.
inventory data to predict possible increases or

decreases in workload. As an example, consider the

Christmas season. As a result, warehouse managers

may plan and prepare ahead of time.

20

21 W R I T T E N B Y F A R A H I N J A M S A R I

THE LOGISTICS INDUSTRY'S IOT
TECHNOLOGY GOALS

It is estimated that by next year, global firms would spend over a billion dollars on linked goods to
enhance delivery productivity. What are the goals that these technologies may help firms achieve? In

general, enterprises use the Internet of Things in logistics to achieve the following objectives:

01 INCREASED PROTECTION AND DETECTION
OF THEFT

Connected IoT-powered security apps improve control over

who enters the warehouse, assist in tracking all products, and

notify the manager if anything goes missing. For example,

connected CCTVs, apps that allow warehouse managers to

remotely block building entrances, and asset monitoring

logistics systems that assist monitor deliveries.

02 E N D - T O - E N D P R O D U C T T R A C K I N G

The major goal of IoT implementation is to increase the
transparency of the delivery process. The ability to monitor a
product from the warehouse to the customer's door improves all
stages of the supply chain and saves support agents a lot of
time because customers no longer bother customer service with
delivery status update inquiries.

03 I M P R O V I N G S E R V I C E D E L I V E R Y

The Internet of Things may help with delivery management in a
variety of ways. RFID tags and linked GPS sensors assist
company managers in tracking shipment from start to finish.
Furthermore, owing to linked sensors, logistics managers may
obtain real-time location data to ensure that weather and other
environmental changes do not endanger delivery.

04 I N C R E A S E D S T A F F S A F E T Y

Unreliable machinery puts businesses at risk of risking their
employees' lives. In the event that an employee is injured, IoT
sensors dramatically improve reaction time. A wearable identifies
a crucial change in vitals immediately and sends the data to a
specialized platform, which informs the management and even
calls an ambulance.

05 PROVIDING LOGISTICS MANAGERS WITH
ADVANCED ANALYTICS

The Internet of Things gives logistics managers a bird's-eye
perspective of how all activities are handled. IoT provides a
comprehensive approach to logistics management by gathering
data from sensors and presenting it in a simple, comprehensible
manner. Real-time delivery and inventory monitoring increase
the quality of planning and budgeting.

22 W R I T T E N B Y F A R A H I N J A M S A R I

INTERNET OF THINGS LOGISTICS QUOTES

DASRRBUOEDIPNGOJPTENUHLDS'SYEATTATCSLNAWHUED,TAAPIDIPYTTNLES,HYECSETPLCCODOALHIIUREGAMDAEIIPTN,RYARANOOLIIU,NV.GE

-SupplyChainToday.com

INTERNET OF
TTHRAINNGSSP(OIORTT)AITNION

written by Ooi Zhu Er

In the transportation
sector, the Internet of
Things (IoT) has critical
applications. IoT is crucial
in all modes of
transportation, including
air, marine, and land
transportation. All of these
transportation domains'
components are made up
of smart devices (sensors,
processors) that are
connected via cloud
servers or other servers
that provide data to
networks.

23

24

EVERY MOIDSEAOCFCTERSASNIBSLPEORTATION
written by Ooi Zhu Er

IoT in transportation not only makes it safer, greener, and more convenient to
commute from one location to another. A smart automobile, for example, can do
several things at once, such as navigation, communication, entertainment, and
more efficient and dependable transport. IoT allows tourists to stay connected to
all modes of transportation in real time. The car is connected to the internet
through Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, 3G, 4G, intelligent traffic systems, and even other cars
via a number of wireless protocols.

25

Traffic Observation and Collision Avoidance

written by Ooi Zhu Er

To avert a collision, sensors installed For example, if a traffic monitoring
inside or outside a vehicle advise lane camera detects an accident or a traffic
deviation and continually monitor jam, it will transmit an alarm message
objects on both sides. The Internet of
Things (IoT) is a component of to the nearest traffic control centre
transportation that goes beyond the and current traffic jam information to
vehicle to connect with other devices,
allowing for automated real-time other nearby cars, causing them to
decisions to improve travel. deviate from their intended path.

Geo-fencing

written by Ooi Zhu Er

Geo-fencing is an enhanced version of GPS This technology has rendered paper logs
developed by IoT in the transportation business. obsolete, as it has developed a digital and
It associates the coordinates of a certain region cloud-based monitoring system that
with the location of an item or equipment. Geo- provides real-time vehicle data.
fencing aids in the beginning of automatic Transportation IoT has become more cost-
processes. Geo-fencing has the greatest impact effective and time-saving as a result of
on IoT in the transportation industry. It allows increased transparency and accountability.
you to get notifications when a driver deviates Many businesses' business performance has
from the intended route, which might cause altered as a result of the Internet of Things,
delivery delays and inadvertent losses. which is expected to reduce truck emissions
by 25% in the United States.

26

Self-driving cars

Written by Ooi Zhu Er

By 2020, 10 million self-driving
vehicles are projected to be on the
road, with more than 250 million
smart cars (vehicle connected to
high-tech networks) sharing the road
alongside them. Self-driving
technologies are now available on a
number of automobiles, courtesy to
Tesla, Mercedes, and BMW. Machine
learning and the sophisticated system
of sensors, cameras, and software that
lets cars absorb data from their
environs and learn and adapt to what
the data is telling them deserve credit
for this invention. Since 2009,
Google's self-driving vehicle project
Waymo has recorded the equivalent
of 300 years of driving experience on
city streets, promising to save us time,
reduce stress, make our roads safer,
and enhance transportation for
everyone. Uber is also experimenting
with self-driving vehicles and
investing $300 million in the
development of a fleet.

27

28

ADAS and self-driving cars
have become commonplace

Human mistake is responsible for nearly all "It's a never ending
automobile accidents, which may be avoided battle of making
using Advanced Driver Assistance Systems your cars better
(ADAS). The goal of ADAS is to reduce the and also trying to
frequency of automobile accidents and the be better yourself. "
severity of those that cannot be prevented,
thereby preventing fatalities and injuries.
Significant advancements in automobile safety
in the past (e.g., shatter-resistant glass, three-
point seatbelts, and airbags) were passive safety
features intended to reduce harm following an
accident. With the aid of integrated vision, ADAS
systems may now actively increase safety by
lowering the number of accidents and injuries to
occupants.

The installation of cameras in the vehicle
necessitates the development of a new AI
function that use sensor fusion to recognise and
analyse things. Sensor fusion integrates huge
quantities of data with the use of image
recognition software, ultrasonic sensors, lidar,
and radar, similar to how the human brain
processes information. This technology is
capable of reacting physically faster than a
human driver. It can evaluate streaming video in
real time, understand what it's showing, and
decide how to respond.

Applications of ADAS will be used
frequently in the future

1.Adaptive cruise control Sensory technology placed in automobiles,
(ACC) including as cameras, lasers, and radar equipment,
allows ACC to calculate the distance between two
Adaptive cruise control (ACC) is a technology that cars or other objects on the road. As a result, ACC is
assists cars in maintaining a safe following distance and the foundation for future automobile intelligence.
adhering to speed limits. This technology automatically The automobile can identify and warn the driver
changes a car's speed so that the driver does not have about probable forward accidents thanks to these
to. Adaptive cruise control is one of 20 names used to sensory systems. As a result, red lights flash and the
describe its operations, thus you may find it referred to message 'brake immediately!' displays on the
as Active cruise control, Dynamic cruise control, dashboard to assist the driver in slowing down.
Intelligent cruise control, and other words in There might be an audio warning as well
advertising and car descriptions.

29

2 ADAPTIVE
LIGHT CONTROL

WRITTEN BY OOI ZHU ER

The goal of Adaptive Light Control (ALC), a
novel lighting approach, is to improve
nighttime traffic safety. ALC enhances
headlight light by continuously adapting the
headlights to the current driving
circumstances and environmental
conditions. The transition from offline to
online (real-time) modelling of light
distributions in the driving simulator was
successfully completed in order to ensure
quick prototyping and early testing. This
real-time simulation allowed for the
participatory creation of novel light
distributions in a variety of driving
conditions and locales.

3. Parking Assistance

Park Assist is an automatic parking
assistance that uses guidance system
technology to assist drivers park with
better precision, rivalling ultrasonic and

other camera-based options with
superior, sophisticated technology. In
many aspects, the parking guidance
system (PGS) is customer-centric. It

enhances every step of the parking
experience with automated features that
lead drivers with confidence, in addition
to getting them to free spots. Drivers can

use automatic raking to detect blind
spots and know when to turn the
steering wheel and stop.

30

PAGE 49

EXCLUSIVE

AIWNPILPTLHLIBECEAFUUTITSOUENDRSEFOREFQAUDEANSTLY

4 . Monitoring for Blind Blind-spot monitoring detects cars in the adjacent lanes using
Spots sensors installed on the side mirrors or back bumper. If the
sensors detect something, an audio and/or visual warning will
be sent. Some vehicles utilize a camera as the primary sensor
or as a supplement to the sensors.

Written By Ooi Zhu Er The safety and convenience function are now available across
the market, not only on premium automobiles, since the cost
31 of the technology has decreased. The technology is available
on models ranging from the tiny Nissan Versa to large trucks
like the Ford Super Duty. Perhaps, in the future, all vehicles
will be equipped with this device to assure driver safety on the
road.

PAGE 20 FEATURE GEARS

FEATURE Driver drowsiness detection detects
tiredness or other road distractions and
AffwrueiptllqupburlieeceanuttilsoyendisnotfheADAS alerts the driver. There are numerous
methods to tell if a driver's concentration is
5. Detection of Drowsiness in waning. In one example, sensors can
Drivers examine the driver's head movement and
pulse rate to see whether they indicate
Written by Ooi Zhu Er sleepiness. Other systems send out driving
alerts that are comparable to the lane
detecting warning signals.

This technology is beneficial to drivers
since it can alert them to tiredness and the
possibility of a microsleep. When drivers
obey driving warnings, it helps to prevent
collisions caused by drowsiness. It is highly
helpful and will almost certainly be
installed in all cars in the future.

32

6. Monitoring 33
System for
Drivers Another approach to assess a motorist's
attention is to use a driver monitoring
system. The video sensors can tell if the
driver's eyes are on the road or whether
he or she is drifting. Noises, sensations on
the steering wheel, or flashing lights can
all be used to notify drivers. In certain
situations, the automobile will go to the
extreme of fully halting the vehicle

Written by Ooi Zhu Er

IMPACT

Rammiah
Govindarajoo

June/2021

PAGE 35

WHAT WILL
HAPPEN ?

In today's society, technology is an integral Impact towards society
part of our daily lives. In fact, many of us have
become so reliant on it that it is extremely Size and pattern of settlements
difficult to cut it out of our lives. Technology The early settlements were small developments,
has greatly impacted our education system, but with time, they grew and developed into major
transportation system, communication skills, cities and important trade centres. A settlement's
and, most importantly, the formation of a well- size is limited by the range of food and other
connected society. necessities they can obtain as well as the time
Furthermore, technological advancements required to travel to and from work. A variety of
have improved transportation. Society and spatial patterns are a result of transport speed and
businesses are benefiting from new cost increases.
transportation methods on a daily basis. Growth of urban centers
There are few factors of will impact the future When cities grow beyond normal walking
of transportation and logistic distance, the development of transportation
technology comes into play. For instance, many
flat-land cities are shaped like a circle, while those
situated next to a river are linear. As with other
factors like rising personal income and the
building of paved roads, settlements experienced
tremendous travel activity.

By RAMMIAH GOVINDARAJOO

36

IMPACT TOWARDS The distribution of impacts is important in
many situations; for example, an economic
ECONOMIC By RAMMIAH GOVINDARAJOO transfer is a true benefit from the
perspective of the people who benefit from
Reduced overall transportation costs, it, but not from the perspective of society
including travel time, vehicle operating as a whole.
costs, road and parking facility costs, and It is critical to consider all of the economic
accident and pollution damages tend to effects, both positive and negative, that a
lead to increased economic productivity transportation project may have. An urban
and development. It is necessary to highway expansion, for example, may
exercise caution in order to avoid double- improve motorists' access and lower their
counting impacts that are already costs per vehicle-mile, but it reduces access
accounted for in travel time and vehicle by other modes and increases the total
cost savings, emission or safety benefits. amount of travel required to reach
Many economic impacts are economic destinations by creating a barrier to
transfers (one person, group, or area gains pedestrian travel and encouraging more
at the expense of another), whereas others dispersed land use development patterns.
are true resource changes (overall Similarly, improving access to a specific
economic productivity increases or area can expose businesses to more
declines). competition (for example, if previously
captive local customers can now more
easily access regional shopping centres),
reducing business activity in that area.

TIMOPWAACRTDS 37
ENVIRONMENTAL

By RAMMIAH GOVINDARAJOO

EMISSIONS

Demand for transport services is expected to
rise, increasing CO2 emissions in the process. In
Malaysia, the transportation sector accounts for
28% of total CO2 emissions, with 85% from
road transport. The country's 2020 goal is to
reduce CO2 emissions intensity by up to 40
percent while maximising road transport usage.

LAND

Traffic congestion and automobile-oriented urban
sprawl are the secondary environmental impacts of
transportation systems. A predicted increase in air
quality, acid rain, smog, and climate change if
emissions are reduced worldwide.

Health

There are a variety of indirect and direct impacts
which include pollution, carbon monoxide
emissions, and other things. The secondary impacts
are more consequential, resulting in the
misunderstanding that it is the inverse, which is
often correct. Other factors, in addition to
respiratory and cardiovascular problems, may be
involved. Although each impact is individually
identifiable, there are also cumulative impacts.
Transportation-related outcomes. Direct and
indirect impacts on an ecosystem are taken into
consideration Climate change is the result of natural
and human-caused factors. Transportation accounts
for about 15% of global CO2 emissions.

38

CONCLUSION

by Ooi Zhu Er

Technology advancements will likely impact the The Internet of Things (IoT) that surrounds the
transportation and logistics business is rapidly
way logistics firms work, allowing for more expanding in size and sophistication. Trends will

competition, even among smaller businesses. continue to change, and the industry will evolve to keep

While technology may have an impact on the up with them. These technological breakthroughs will

human side of the company, consumers and the have a significant impact on the lives of ordinary people.

industry will gain from higher accuracy, faster IoT devices will become increasingly more
straightforward and straightforward to use as new
delivery, and better handling of items.
technologies emerge.

39

by Ooi Zhu Er

Conclusion

Despite all of the IoT trends and The Internet of Things will drastically change how
projections for 2020, the transportation freight and commerce are tracked, while also
industry's future seems bright. Is your lowering and eliminating solution costs. Robotics, as
company ready for the much-needed well as autonomous, remote-controlled vehicles, are
Internet of Things (IoT) digital already widely used in big warehouses and to handle
transformation? Our professionals are hazardous commodities.
here to help you implement effective
IoT-based solutions in the most efficient The Internet of Things informs more than just one-
way possible. use case or endeavor. It has an influence on every
area of transportation and logistics, and it has the
Companies in the transportation, potential to change the way businesses move freight
logistics, and fleet management from one location to another. Although experts are
industries utilize IoT technology to unsure how the Internet of Things will appear in 50
improve not just the efficiency and years, current research predicts that shipping and
productivity of their operations, but also receiving operations will be significantly more
the manner they are carried out. efficient than they are now.

C