FLIPBOOK CONFERENCE (1)_Neat

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF


CROSS-CULTURAL INDIGENOUS STUDIES



2022



The Indigineous Festival









22 - 23 8:00 AM - The Indigenous Museum,
October 5:00 PM MYT Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

CO-ORGANIZER






● Chiang Mai Rajabhat University


● Institute for Biodiversity and Sustainable Development

● RG Sustaining Quality of Life

● RIG Innovation Management


● RIG System Assurance

● RIG Islamic Tourism


● RIG Ekistics – Human Settlement

● RIG Creative Visual Exchange (CReATE)

● College of Creative Arts


● Jabatan Kemajuan Orang Asli (JAKOA)

ORGANIZING COMMITTEE





Patron I Professor Dr. Nooritawati Md Tahir
Patron II Associate Professor Dr. Norol Hamiza Zamzuri

Chairperson Dr. Muhammad Fuad Abdullah
Deputy Chairperson I Prof Madya Dr. Mohamad Hafiz bin Mohd Hanafiah

Deputy Chairperson II Dr. Badli Esham Ahmad
Head of Journal Publication Associate Prof Dr. Norziaton Ismail Khan
Dr. Shukriah Saad

Head of Conference Proceeding Associate Prof Dr. Siti Noorsuriani Ma’on
Head of Registration Dr. Noor Azliyana Azizan

Editors Hadayat Rahmah Hasan
Syafiqah Johan Bt Amir Johan

Head of Technical Dr. Nur Atiqah Rochin Demong
Nazarina Abd Ghani
Event Manager Nor Azzura Nordin

SITE VISIT AT KG BENGOL, KUALA SAT, PAHANG

THEMES




01 EDUCATIONS








● QUALITY EDUCATION: SKILLS FOR LEARNING AND PERSONAL EMPOWERMENT FOR NATIVE SCHOOL PUPILS
IN MALAYSIA


● A SILENT FOLKS: A MODERN LORE USING ANIMATED SEMAI FOLKTALES FOR ESL CLASSROOMS


● FACE AND CONTENT VALIDITY TO ACCESS HEALTH LITERACY QUESTIONNAIRES AMONG COMMUNITIES IN
THE PROTECTED AREAS

● ACCESS TO EDUCATION FOR INDIGENOUS CHILDREN: NO CHILDREN SHOULD BE LEFT BEHIND


● HEALTH SEEKING BEHAVIOUR AMONG ORANG ASLI IN KUALA TAHAN, PAHANG

● INDIGENOUS CHILDREN AND FOOD SECURITY IN MALAYSIA: IN NEED OF REGULATIVE MEASURE

QUALITY EDUCATION: SKILLS FOR LEARNING AND PERSONAL

EMPOWERMENT FOR NATIVE SCHOOL PUPILS IN MALAYSIA

WRITTEN BY: I.K. NORZIATON, AIDA HAZLIN ISMAIL, MUHAMMAD RIDZUAN HASHIM, SHUKRIAH SAAD, NUR ADURA
NORUDDIN & MOHAMAD RIDHUAN MAT DANGI



The main objective of this study is to examine the quality of education of indigenous school pupils in the district of Kuala Lipis, Pahang,
Malaysia. This study used a semi-structured in-depth interview for data collection. Respondents comprised seven candidates: two officers
from the Education District Office and Teacher’s Training Institute and five schoolteachers. The data for the quality of education of the
indigenous school pupils were summarised thematically into two categories: skills for learning (the way to know) and skills for personal
empowerment (the way to be). The skills for learning were divided into the pupils’ creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills.
The pupils need encouraging teaching and learning activities to motivate them to participate in the teaching and learning process. One of the
best ways is to include music and adventurous activities (e.g., chopsticks and tree climbing) to add more fun to the teaching and learning
activities. The skills for personal empowerment were categorised into self-management, resilience, and communication. The findings
indicated that the indigenous school pupils possess the same potential as non-indigenous school pupils and are equally intelligent. However,
they need continuous encouragement and motivation to move forward. In terms of resilience, the indigenous school pupils could adapt to the
changes in the environment, but the adaptation takes time. This study extends the existing literature by examining the factors that influence
the quality of education of indigenous school pupils. The limitation of this study is that the respondents were the administrators and
schoolteachers and not the indigenous school pupils due to the covid-19 pandemic. This research is expected to have a beneficial impact on
society, economy, and nation primarily from the development of quality of education among the indigenous school pupils.

A SILENT FOLKS: A MODERN LORE USING ANIMATED SEMAI FOLKTALES FOR
ESL CLASSROOMS


WRITTEN BY: SHARINA SAAD, RAFIDAH AMAT & SHAFILLA SUBRI (Dr)





Innovations in second language teaching are desirable because such practices will help to maintain students’ interest and motivation in the
classroom. Various research has reported the significance of incorporating stimulating literary texts in ESL classrooms. This paper aims to
report how innovative ideas on using literary texts which are based on the tales of indigenous people in Malaysia can leave significant impact
in an ESL classroom. This innovation project was in the form of a project work given to a group of 30 diploma students undergoing a
proficiency class. Reading is one of the main components in the syllabus. One of the sub-components in reading for this subject is to read,
understand, and provide personal responses to short stories. The students were asked to read a few ghost stories based on the lives of Semai
people from a book entitled The Myths of Semai prior to their folktales project. The project required the students to retell the story in the
form of animated videos. They made story boards to help dramatize the tales and then used video editing apps to compile the story boards
into videos of the chosen folktales. They played the videos in class and uploaded them to YouTube for other ESL learners. At the end of the
project, students were asked to write a reflective journal about their learning experiences with Semai folktales. The responses were analysed
based on the emerging themes which occur in the students’ reflections. The findings on this innovative project should contribute to deeper
understanding on how animating the folktales can impact ESL students’ learning and how using the stories from indigenous people can
enhance cross-cultural awareness and acceptance of different traditions.

FACE AND CONTENT VALIDITY TO ACCESS HEALTH LITERACY

QUESTIONNAIRES AMONG COMMUNITIES IN THE PROTECTED AREAS

WRITTEN BY: NOR AZIAH ABD KADIR, AMIRAH AZZERI, MOHD IQBAL MOHD NOOR, MOHD HAFIZ JAAFAR & ZURINA
KEFELI @ZULKEFLI



Health literacy is an ability of a person to access, understand, appraise and practice health-related information in his daily life. Health literacy
has been increasingly recognized as one of the most critical social determinants in the healthcare sector, health education, and health
promotion. However, assessing health literacy is crucial. The HLS-SF-Q12 questionnaire was used to measure health literacy among people
in rural areas in six Asian countries, including Malaysia. In this study, we adopt and adapt the questionnaires to test health literacy among
communities in the protected area. The questionnaire was distributed to the indigenous people in Kampung Sungai Chandan, Raub, Pahang.
Kampung Sungai Chandan is located near the protected area of Krau Wildlife Centre. A total of 30 participants aged ≥18 years were
recruited. The questionnaire has been a back-to-back translation from English to Malay and back to English to measure health literacy based
on the three domains: healthcare, disease prevention, and health promotion. Face and content validity and internal consistency analysis will
be used to analyze the tool's validity in these populations. The result shows that the questionnaire has good construct validity and satisfactory
goodness-of-fit of the data to the hypothetical model in the three health literacy domains. The internal consistency is excellent (Cronbach's
alpha>0.90). Therefore, the HLS-SF-Q12 was a satisfactory and comprehensive health literacy survey tool adapted to be appropriately used
for the communities in a protected area.

ACCESS TO EDUCATION FOR INDIGENOUS CHILDREN: NO CHILDREN SHOULD
BE LEFT BEHIND


WRITTEN BY: NADZRIAH AHMAD, SHEELA A/P JAYABALA KRISHNAN@JAYABALAN, NORMAWATI HASHIM & NUTTAKORN
VITITANON



Around eighteen (18) tribes of indigenous peoples, including children, live in Peninsular Malaysia. However, it is reported that there is a
high rate of school dropouts among the indigenous children in Peninsular Malaysia, including from Sabah and Sarawak and Northern
Thailand. As State Parties to the Convention on the Rights of the Child 1989 (CRC), Malaysia and Thailand are obligated to ensure that all
children, including indigenous children, have access to quality education. However, whether these children received a quality education that
considers their culture, language, and lifestyle remains questionable. Moreover, many indigenous children are left out of mainstream schools
due to language barriers, transportation issues, lack of qualified teachers and unsuitable teaching pedagogy. Hence, this research aims to
examine whether the legal framework in both Peninsular Malaysia and Thailand is adequate in providing quality education to indigenous
children and to propose suitable recommendations. A qualitative research design is employed by undertaking library-based research and
conducting semi-structured interviews with the relevant respondents. This research's findings demonstrate that concerted effort undertaken
by educators, the indigenous community, the policymakers and various agencies is crucial in ensuring that indigenous children remain in the
education system. In conclusion, this research is significant in meeting the Education Development Plan Malaysia (2013-2025), the CRC and
the international legal framework, particularly the Indigenous Peoples and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

HEALTH SEEKING BEHAVIOUR AMONG ORANG ASLI IN KUALA TAHAN,
PAHANG


WRITTEN BY: NOOR’AIN MOHAMAD YUNUS, SRI FATIANY ABDUL KADER JAILANI, SYUKRINA ALINI MAT ALI, SITI
NOORSURIANI MAON, NAFFISAH MOHD HASSAN



Orang Asli, are the indigenous minority people of Peninsular Malaysia and like other native nations around the world, Orang Asli were
among the most marginalized community, faring very low in all the social indicators, It is reported that their health status often lags behind
compared with the national population. Moreover, there are increasing trends of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among Orang Asli
community. Previous study reported that the concept of health and illness among Orang Asli communities as culture specific and normally
associated with supernatural agents. This phenomenon affected their health seeking behaviour (HSB) as majority of them prefer to utilise
traditional ways of healing. However, there are limited studies conducted to identify the HSB among Orang Asli communities. Therefore,
this conceptual paper was aimed at investigating the health seeking behavior of Orang Asli communities. A qualitative study will be
conducted among those Orang Asli aged 18 years and above in Kuala Tahan. An interview will be conducted to identify and explore their
health status, factors influencing their health seeking behaviour and their perceptions towards healthcare services provided to them. Data of
this study will derived from the recorded audio and supported with the manually jotted information gained from interview conversation. The
recorded audio will be transcribed in text format. The researcher will go through the transcripts and interview notes in order to grab the main
idea of the conversation. Understanding the health seeking behaviour will help healthcare providers and policy makers design strategies to
enhance the quality of healthcare services for Orang Asli communities in Malaysia.

INDIGENOUS CHILDREN AND FOOD SECURITY IN MALAYSIA: IN NEED OF
REGULATIVE MEASURES


WRITTEN BY: SHEELA JAYABALAN, NADZIRAH AHMAD, SITI HAFSYAH IDRIS, NORMAWATI HASHIM & NUTTAKORN
VITIANON



The indigenous people of Peninsular Malaysia are known as ‘Orang Asli’. The population of Orang Asli is estimated at 13.8% of the
31,660,700 million people in Malaysia inclusive of the Orang Asli children. Systematic literature review indicate that Orang Asli children
suffer from malnourishment and some are stunted in growth. This fact is supported by empirical evidences obtained through semi-structured
interviews under qualitative research method. These research findings are evident that Orang Asli children suffer from food insecurity.
Imminent measures to overcome food insecurity among children however is lacking and should be a primary concern that ought to be
addressed. One of the mechanisms to eliminate food insecurity should be through regulative interventions as regulative actions sanctions any
form of interventions. Furthermore, sustainable development goals (SDG) thrive to achieve zero hunger by 2025 and the United Nations
Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples affirms their right to the highest attainable standard of health. As such, this article
discourses the justifications and suggestions for regulative reform warranted in Malaysia.

THEMES






02 CULTURAL








● POJA BUGIS DANCE SELANGOR: HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF BUGIS DANCE IN THE STATE OF
SELANGOR


● VISUALIZATION IDENTITY: DEVELOPMENT OF CRAFT EXPOSURE "ORANG ASLI WEDDING DECORATION"


● CULTURAL RECIPROCITY AND SUSTAINABILITY AMONG ONLINE SMALL-TIME INDIGENOUS ENTREPRENEURS
IN SABAH, MALAYSIA

● THE MANGKUK TEPEN : ENRICHING STUDENT'S KNOWLEDGE AND AWARENESS THROUGH CULTURALLY
RESPONSIVE GAME APPROACH


● KAAMATAN AND COVID19: THE EFFECT OF THE PANDEMIC ON THE KADAZANDUSUN CULTURAL FESTIVAL
(SABAH, MALAYSIA)


● DECONSTRUCTING THE DWELLINGS OF THE HUNTER GATHERERS IN TAMAN NEGARA PAHANG: CULTURAL
PRACTICES, TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE, AND TABOOS

POJA BUGIS DANCE SELANGOR: HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF

BUGIS DANCE IN THE STATE OF SELANGOR

WRITTEN BY: KHAIRUL ANUAR BIN ZAINUDIN





This paper describes the history of the development of Bugis dance in the state of Selangor, known as the Poja Bugis Selangor
dance (Poja dance). The researcher is aspiring to justify the aforesaid Poja dance as the identity of the Bugis dance in Selangor.
This research is based on the analysis of tradition theory (Edward Shils, 1981), tradition creation theory (Eric Hobsbawm, 1983)
and cultural identity theory (Stuart Hall, 1990), as well as data collection through field research methods, interviews,
participatory observation, and document observation. Concurrently, research is conducted on the process of reconstruction and
re-creation of traditional dances related to the Pakurru Sumange dance from South Sulawesi, Indonesia which has been traced to
have started in Selangor as early as 1988 and has lasted until now. Through the development of creative work and the history of
the Poja dance, it is essential to obtain the accuracy of the function of dance moves that are recreated in showcasing the effects
and aesthetics of the movement. Furthermore, the findings will also relate the important patterns and factors of the relationship
between the concept of work and identity, which is seen as a contribution to the body of dance arts, especially in Selangor and
Malaysia. The motivation of this research can be seen as an effort to become an impetus to the Selangor State Government to be

proactive in observing the development and continuation of cultural values of this state, as well as to continue the ongoing
process of preservation of arts and culture in Selangor.

VISUALIZATION IDENTITY: DEVELOPMENT OF CRAFT EXPOSURE "ORANG

ASLI WEDDING DECORATION"

WRITTEN BY: MUHAMAD HAFIZ BIN HASSAN, MUHAMMAD ASHRAFF BIN HALIDI, MUHAMMAD FAKHRUDDIN BIN
AHMAD


Visual Communication is an exposure to human beings since time immemorial by a multicultural society. Orang Asli have been exposed to
visual communication in the production of traditional crafts throughout their ancestors. It is developed informally among them especially in
the production of decorations for events such as weddings. The objective of this study is to explore the process of visual documentation of
dais decoration Orang Asli community that can be analysed to reveal whose identity has an influence on today's society. This study aims to
explain the development of Orang Asli exposure through identity visualization using the art of decorative production and being recognized
by outsiders. The research area was located at Kampung Orang Asli Batu 12, Gombak, Selangor to get visual data collection. Several
research methods have been implemented such as focus group interviews with selected Orang Asli traditional craft operators, literature
review and observations in the field documented using written notes, photographs, audio interviews. Several data have been collected
extracting Erwin Panofsky’s Theory of Iconography is used to analyse and extract the three main elements that describe aesthetics, usability
and technical. The results of traditional craft decoration are found based on informal skills among the Orang Asli. The sharing of experience
and knowledge on the production of traditional craft decorations especially in the production of Orang Asli lifestyle dais decorations, occurs
spontaneously and unstructured among Orang Asli and outsiders. Thus, this study facilitated as reference and assistance for the Orang Asli in
context of visualizing small business identity of the use of traditional craft decoration in producing dais and weddings as a trademark to
expand the Orang Asli business to the market and well-known to the outsiders. Thus, this study is facilitated as a reference and assistance to
the Orang Asli in the context of describing the identity of the use of traditional craft decoration in producing dais and weddings as their
heritage art and can be used as visualizing identity to expand the Orang Asli culture to the market and be recognized by outsiders.

CULTURAL RECIPROCITY AND SUSTAINABILITY AMONG ONLINE

SMALL-TIME INDIGENOUS ENTREPRENEURS IN SABAH, MALAYSIA


WRITTEN BY: TRIXIE M TANGIT




Small-time Indigenous entrepreneurs in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo, may face various challenges in securing their livelihoods and generating
income but many have learnt to successfully monetize their services and products. The key to their success is in the ongoing practice of
cultural reciprocity embedded in their traditional livelihood practices.. As families and friends seek to become clients of each other’s
businesses, they enact tolong-tolong (the reciprocal act of helping each other out in the Malay language) and the revolving act of care and
kindness is what strengthens the networks and connections in their communities.The aim of this paper is to illustrate the agency of Sabahan
Indigenous entrepreneurs in pursuing an online economy. Using participant-observation and in depth interview as methods, the author
engaged with several Sabahan Indigenous entrepreneurial individuals and online groups to illustrate the various challenges in the transition
from the offline to online economy involving cashless transactions and adhering to the online group’s Indigenous entrepreneurial image.
How Indigenous entrepreneurs ‘talk up’ their products and services in online advertisements are also analysed to demonstrate their savvy in
engaging potential customers in the online market. The study indicates the importance of familiar and familial networks and implies that the
small intimate business may be a useful model for the Indigenous entrepreneur particularly during hard times. The study was conducted
during the start of pandemic-hit years of 2020 and 2021.

THE MANGKUK TEPEN : ENRICHING STUDENT'S KNOWLEDGE AND

AWARENESS THROUGH CULTURALLY RESPONSIVE GAME APPROACH


WRITTEN BY: SITI ZURAIDA MAARUF, NURUL FAAIZA ABDUL RAZAK, NUR SHAKILA IZZATI RUSLI & AKMAL AHAMED
KAMAL



The purpose of this research is to design and develop a Culturally Responsive Game to raise awareness and enhance knowledge about
Malaysian cuisine among secondary school students. This Culturally Responsive Game Approach helps sustain and disseminate knowledge
among secondary school students about our local cuisine, especially the traditional desserts. By introducing The Mangkuk Tepen, students
will be provided with information about Malaysian cuisine and its heritage. The Mangkuk Tepen is one of the initiatives for the young
generation and society to be informed about the traditional cakes and desserts in Malaysia which are rarely found nowadays. It is mostly due
to the lack of proper documentation and exposure; that this traditional food heritage is slowly being forgotten by the young generation. These
traditional Malaysian cuisines should be preserved for future generations as they represent our culture and heritage uniqueness. The
Mangkuk Tepen focuses on developing puzzle games or more specifically jigsaw puzzles with the concept of Malaysian cuisine and
multicultural elements being incorporated into the games to increase student engagement in the learning process. Developing a creative
design for teaching and learning could be one of the ways to capture students’ attention and interest and be able to increase awareness among
students towards multiculturalism. The Mangkuk Tepen serves as a teaching tool to promote culturally responsive pedagogy focusing on the
culture and heritage of Malaysia which in turn can enhance the student’s knowledge and awareness.

KAAMATAN AND COVID19: THE EFFECT OF THE PANDEMIC ON THE

KADAZANDUSUN CULTURAL FESTIVAL (SABAH, MALAYSIA)




WRITTEN BY: TRIXIE M TANGIT




This study focussed on how Malaysians are mitigating the problems brought about by the COVID19 pandemic, particularly in the area of
cultural celebrations. The impetus of this study is the decision of the Kadazan Dusun Cultural Association (KDCA), the main cultural
promotion body representing the Kadazandusun groups in the state of Sabah, to cancel the Kaamatan events for 2020, a celebration that
occurs yearly in the month of May for a duration of 3-days with extensive concurrent celebrations held at the village and district levels.
Using the case study of the Kaamatan, the nature of Kadazandusun people’s relationship with their cultural events was investigated to see if
the COVID19 pandemic had a lasting and permanent effect. Participant-observation, in depth interviews and netnography (#Kaamatan) were
methods used to obtain data capturing activities that Kadazandusun people engaged in during the 2021 Kaamatan festival given how direct
(face-to-face) participation in Kaamatan events was strictly prohibited. An online gallery of photos and videos from participants during the
Kaamatan lockdown were also collected and curated for an online gallery. This study shows how important festivals are in preserving culture
and communities with festival attendance a crucial act in generating and sustaining the social existence of the Kadazandusun people.

DECONSTRUCTING THE DWELLINGS OF THE HUNTER GATHERERS IN
TAMAN NEGARA PAHANG: CULTURAL PRACTICES, TRADITIONAL


KNOWLEDGE, AND TABOOS

WRITTEN BY: BADLI ESHAM AHMAD, MOHD AMLI ABDULLAH, MOHD ROZAIDI ISMAIL, MOHD FUAD ABDULLAH, MOHD
IQBAL MOHD NOOR, ZULKIFLEE BIN ABD LATIF, NORAZLIN SUBOH



A community is determined not only by its group’s characteristics or internal personality such as common interests and shared experiences
but also based on their physical surroundings. In oder to understand community dynamics and distinction, one need to assess its physical
environment that might foster the collective identity of the community and the Orang Asli in Malaysia is no exception. There are eighteen
Orang Asli tribes in Malaysia, and they can be further sub categorized under three different subgroups: Negrito, Senoi and Proto Malays. The
Batek in Taman Negara Pahang fall under the Negrito subgroup that spreads across three eastern states of Peninsular Malaysia: Pahang,
Terengganu, and Kelantan. They are a tribe of hunter gatherers and rely on the forest for their sustenance. There have been numerous
research on the Batek interaction with the forest, their role in ecotourism, community health, economy, education and also language.
However, studies on Batek cultural practices have been conducted but only on the surface as no study focus on the cultural practices and
taboos in constructing their dwellings. Thus, the study sets out to document the types of dwellings, and to understand the construction,
materials, reasons; and taboos behind the construction of the different types of dwellings. Various types of huts, lean-tos and houses are
described with discussions on the choice of materials and site selection. The study is qualitative and employed semi structured interviews
and non-participant observation as method of data inquiry and collection. The area of study is Taman Negara (National Park) in Kuala
Tahan, Pahang, Malaysia. Five villages were used for observation; four villages are on the perimeter of Taman Negara, and one lies within
the Taman Negara. Findings from the study reveal that in constructing their dwellings, the Batek still adhere to the traditional cultural
practices of the tribe although not to the letter. There are various taboos that still influence their choice of materials as well as site selection.
The study ends with a discussion on the need for preserving such cultural values for the future generation.
.

THEMES






03 TOURISM







● MAH MERI’S HARI MOYANG PANTAI TRADITIONAL DANCE PERFORMANCE: FROM TRADITIONAL TO A
TOURISM ART ENTERTAINMENT


● ADAPTATION OF INDIGENOUS TRADITIONAL PERFORMANCE TO A TOURISM ENTERTAINMENT : A CASE STUDY
OF HMONGS BAN MAE SA MAI


● SEWANG: RITUAL ADAPTATION TO ART PERFORMANCE TOURISM

● LOCAL KNOWLEDGE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BAJAU UBIAN COMMUNITY AS A TOURIST ATTRACTION IN
MANTANANI ISLAND, KOTA BELUD, SABAH : PERSPECTIVE FROM SELECTED SKILLED OPERATORS

● REFRAMING INDIGENOUS TOURISM ENTREPRENEURIAL PERSONALITY, EXPERIENCE, SENSE OF COMMUNITY
AND CHALLENGES IN COMMUNITY-BASED TOURISM-RELATED BUSINESS


● FACTORS OF INDIGENOUS COMMUNITY TOURISM BUSINESS SUCCESS FOR THE MHONG ENTREPRENEURS IN
THAILAND

MAH MERI’S MOYANG PANTAI TRADITIONAL DANCE PERFORMANCE: FROM

TRADITIONAL TO A TOURISM ART ENTERTAINMENT




WRITTEN BY: AYU HASWIDA BT ABU BAKAR (Dr), DURATUL AIN DOROTHY JONATHAN LINGGANG, WIRASANT
WIRUNSAKUNPHIBAN (Dr) & RACHOD NUSEN (Professor Assistant, Dr)



Hari Moyang Puja Pantai is the traditional ritual still being practiced by the Mah Meri indigenous tribe in Malaysia. The ritual
celebrated is to seek protection, forgiveness and requests for a better fortune and faith of life for the next new year to come. From
their ancestrial spirits and ancestors. On this note, this study emphases only the ritual dance named Main Jo’oh demonstrated
during Hari Moyang Puja Pantai ritual ceremony. Focusing on the capability of Main Jo’oh ritual dance transforming into the art
of dance performance as a tourism perspective.The research objective that will be discussed is, to identify and explore the
capability of this Main Jo’oh ritual dance through dance performance of Poetics Method by Aristotle, as an art of dance to the
tourism art performance. It is a qualitative method, emphases on observation approaches. Using the Poetics Method by Aristotle
as instruments for data collection and analysing process.

ADAPTATION OF INDIGENOUS TRADITIONAL PERFORMANCE TO A

TOURISM ENTERTAINMENT : A CASE STUDY OF HMONGS BAN MAE SA

MAI



WRITTEN BY: WIRASANT WIRUNSANKUNPHIBAN, RACHOD NUSEN, AYU HASWIDA BT ABU BAKAR, DURATUL AIN
DOROTHY JONATHAN LINGGANG


The Hmong are the second largest hill tribe group in Thailand. They migrated from China to the northern part of Thailand today during the
nineteenth century. The Hmong have their own unique culture. Now they usually use culture as a means to promote tourism. Ban Mae Sa
Mai is a tourist attraction in Chiang Mai which is known for its traditional culture performance, handicrafts and costumes. They demonstrate
traditional culture performance for visitors. The performance is only available with a request in advance. On this note, the purpose of this
study is to explore the Hmong traditional culture performance to the tourist. Focusing on adaptation process occurred between the original
version of this traditional performance and the one presented to the tourist. The research objective that will be discussed is to identify and
explore the adaptation process through Poetics Method by Aristotle in Hmong traditional performance presented to the tourist as a
commercial art piece in the realm of tourism perspective. It is a qualitative method, emphases on observation approaches. Using the Poetics
Method by Aristotle as instruments for data collection and analysing process.

SEWANG: RITUAL ADAPTATION TO ART PERFORMANCE TOURISM



WRITTEN BY: DURATUL AIN DOROTHY BT JONATHAN LINGGANG, AYU HASWIDA ABU BAKAR & AHMAD KAMIL
ZULKEPELI




Sewang or known as Jenulang (in the language of the Semai tribe) is a traditional ceremony of the aborigines (in the context of this study
refers to the Semai tribe) which is ritual and sacred. While the Sewang dance refers to the dance movement found in the Sewang ceremony
that serves healing purposes. Where this dance movement is a spiritual medium between man and the supernatural. Therefore, this Sewang
dance does not have a standard rhythm and style and it depends on the nature of the supernatural entity. This dance ceremony will take place
for an indefinite period time and is subject to the circumstances and atmosphere of the emergence of the entity. Even so, what is interesting
here, the Sewang dance which is one of the main elements of the Sewang ceremony has been appointed as an art performance tourism by the
Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture Malaysia. Therefore, the focus of this study is on the adaptation process carried out by JAKOA and the
Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture Malaysia, to the Sewang ceremony to become the Sewang Dance, as an art performance tourism. This
qualitative study uses an ethnographic approach to performing arts.

LOCAL KNOWLEDGE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BAJAU UBIAN

COMMUNITY AS A TOURIST ATTRACTION IN MANTANANI ISLAND, KOTA

BELUD, SABAH : PERSPECTIVE FROM SELECTED SKILLED OPERATORS


WRITTEN BY: MOHD JIREY KUMALAH, MOHAMAD PIRDAUS YUSOH, ANG KEAN HUA




This paper discusses the characteristics of the local knowledge of the Bajau Ubian community as a tourist attraction in the Mantanani Island
from the perspective of selected skilled operators. The theory of authenticity is used to explain the importance of representations of
authenticity of a past or different culture. This study employs a qualitative approach through detailed interviews and observations in the
study area. Six informants were interviewed in-depth in order to examine the characteristics of each aspect of local knowledge that has the
potential to be a community-based tourism product. The study found that almost all the local knowledge was transferred from one generation
to the next. Apart from this, the basic materials for the processing of selected local knowledge categories are derived from two sources
namely the island and marine life. In terms of sustainability, the study found that these aspects of local knowledge were less studied or
practiced by the younger generation resulting in some elements becoming extinct. The majority of the young generation from the island is
migrating to cities such as Kota Kinabalu and Kota Belud to seek jobs. Lastly, the study suggests that, in order to preserve and conserve the
local knowledge, it would be a viable strategy to promote it as a community-based tourism product in Mantanani Island, Kota Belud, Sabah.

REFRAMING INDIGENOUS TOURISM ENTREPRENEURIAL PERSONALITY,

EXPERIENCE, SENSE OF COMMUNITY AND CHALLENGES IN COMMUNITY-BASED

TOURISM-RELATED BUSINESS


WRITTEN BY: MOHD HAFIZ HANAFIAH, NOROL HAMIZA ZAMZURI, TENGKU INTAN SUZILA TENGKU SHARIF, BUNG-ON
CHARTRUNGRUANG


This study investigates the Malaysian Mah Meri Indigenous tourism entrepreneur’s personality, experience, sense of community traits and
current challenges in community-based tourism-related businesses. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to gather data from ten
indigenous tourism entrepreneurs. Data were analysed using the NVivo 11 software. The qualitative content analysis found three broad
themes. First, we found that the Mah Meri community possess unique self-efficacy personality characteristics, significantly predicting their
unsustainable entrepreneurial behaviours. Secondly, they are willing to share their values, beliefs, and interests in their business offerings,
which reflect their sense of community. Even with considerable entrepreneurial experience through learning from local wisdom and
upskilling efforts by the government, we found that the community limitation mainly concerns the lack of early education, uninventive
entrepreneurship practices and financial assistance. This study provides an improved understanding of the Indigenous business environment
for policymakers and indigenous entrepreneurs. We found entrepreneurial personality, experience, sense of community determine and
structure their community-based tourism entrepreneurial activities.This study provides a new perspective on Indigenous tourism
entrepreneurs’ personalities, experiences, sense of community traits and challenges. The study also suggests encouraging sustainable
Indigenous entrepreneurship practices for economic development, self-determination and community sustainability.

FACTORS OF INDEGENOUS COMMUNITY TOURISM BUSINESS SUCCESS

FOR THE MHONG ENTREPRENEURS IN THAILAND



WRITTEN BY: CHARTRUNGRUANG, B, WATTANALAUNGARUM, W, SA-INGTHONG, K., HANAFIAH, M. H. M. & ZAMZURI, N.
H.


To be successful in businesses for the indigenous entrepreneurs has been very hard and rare to find, in particular tourism
businesses since the seasonal nature of the businesses and very little support and knowledge. This study explored the factors of
indigenous community tourism business success for the Hmong tourism entrepreneurs in Thailand with a qualitative approach

through interviews. The samples were 10 indigenous community entrepreneurs from Mhong People village in Chiang Mai who
participated in the tourism-related businesses. This community has had several rewards and has had the most business ability
among all hill tribes and made it the richest community. The data triangulation involves using 3 sources of data in an

investigation was for the research validity. The ATLAS.ti qualitative data analysis software was used to create the networks and
found the definition of business success in their viewpoints that are not concerned about monetary issues, as well as the factors
of their indigenous community tourism business success. The findings have been worthwhile and beneficial for other indigenous
communities in the similar settings.

THEMES















04 FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT









● SOCIOECONOMICS SUPPORTS ON INDIGENOUS COMMUNITY IN MALAYSIA

SOCIOECONOMICS SUPPORTS ON INDIGENOUS COMMUNITY IN

MALAYSIA


WRITTEN BY: MUHAMMAD FUAD ABDULLAH, BADLI ESHAM AHMAD & MOHD IQBAL MOHD NOOR

"


The Malaysian community has been impacted by the government development program that was put in place. Yet, the effects of
development which have finally been changing their socioeconomic atmosphere, are not limited to mainstream races but also
vulnerable communities like Orang Asli. There are many development programs have been implemented to uplift the well-being
of Orang Asli since before Independence Day. Thus, this study aims to investigate the efficiency of socioeconomic support
programs in the Orang Asli community in the way to bring them out of multidimensional poverty. This study had been done on
the head of household (HoH) of the Orang Asli community who lives nearby Pahang National Park. By using SEM Amos
analysis, all of the hypotheses of dependent variables namely education, health, the standard of living, and wealth are validated.
Then, path analysis shows that there only two dependent variables have a significant relationship with socioeconomic support
program which is health and education. Meanwhile, another two variables namely standard of living and wealth are not. This
result also shows that this community is lack both economic compared to social variables. Therefore, JAKOA or any responsible
body need to emphasize these matters to uplift their socioeconomic status. Besides, serious involvement in the tourism sector is
the better option to bring this community out of deprivation seem they live in an attractive and well-known place which is a
national park.

THEMES













05 COMMUNICATION








● DISCERNING LANGUAGE LEARNING PREFERENCES AMONG JAHAI CHILDREN

DISCERNING LANGUAGE LEARNING PREFERENCES AMONG JAHAI

CHILDREN



WRITTEN BY: PUTERI ROHANI MEGAT ABDUL RAHIM, THURAIYA MOHD, ZAEMAH ABDUL KADIR, MOHD SYAHIR ABDUL
RANI, MOHAMAD SYAFIQ YA SHAK

"
The Education policy in Malaysia focuses on providing equal opportunities for all children in Malaysia. This includes the
children of Orang Asli. Orang Asli is a term used to refer to the native people in Malaysia. They are the indigenous peoples of
Peninsular Malaysia, which constitute 31,950,00 total population. The number population highlights the importance of giving
equal opportunity to gain access to education. One way to stimulate learning is by gaining the Orang Asli children’s
preference in learning, particularly language. This is because the pedagogical approach plays a vital role in ensuring success
in the process of teaching and learning. However, the use of pedagogical aspects that reflect indigenous epistemology in the
classroom is often neglected particularly in language learning pedagogy. The site chosen is Royal Belum, which is located in
the upper part of the Belum Temenggor rainforest and can only be reached by boat; it has remained untouched for centuries.
Jahai tribes are located in Royal Belum. The study aims to explore language learning preferences among Jahai children. A
case study approach was employed on Jahai children in Royal Belum. Classroom observation, a set of questionnaires, and
interview sessions were obtained to explore the phenomenon. A set of structured questionnaires was distributed to 132 Jahai
Childrens, while an interview was conducted with three (3) students. The students’ selection was based on the teacher’s
recommendation. The findings showed that the students prefer auditory, kinesthetic, and visual learning compared to the
traditional chalk and talk approach. Additionally, when interviewed they voiced how they prefer learning which allowed them
to move around. It is hoped the findings of the study will be able to assist teachers in how to approach the teaching and
learning process so that the learning process can be more engaging for Jahai children.

SPEECH
























Mercury Venus Jupiter




It’s the closest Venus has a Despite being

planet to the Sun beautiful name red, Mars is

and the smallest and is the second actually a cold

in the Solar planet from the place. It’s full of

System Sun iron oxide dust

TENTATIVE PROGRAMME






DAY 1 - OCTOBER 22, 2022 (AM)

8:00 - 10:00 WELCOMING SPEECH & OPENING PROGRAM
- Speech by Keynote Speaker (Prof. Juli Edo)



10:00 - 10:15 THEME: Quality Education: Skills For Learning And Personal Empowerment For Native
EDUCATION School Pupils In Malaysia
A Silent Folks: A Modern Lore Using Animated Semai Folktales For Esl
10:20 - 10:35
Classrooms
10:40 - 10:55 Face and Content Validity to Access Health Literacy Questionnaires Among
Communities in the Protected Areas

11:00 - 11:15 Access To Education For Indigenous Children: No Children Should Be Left
Behind

11:20 - 11:35 Health Seeking Behaviour Among Orang Asli In Kuala Tahan, Pahang

11:40 - 11:55 Indigenous Children And Food Security In Malaysia: In Need Of Regulative
Measures

DAY 1 - OCTOBER 22, 2022 (PM)
12:00 - 2:00 FREE TIME





2:40 - 2:55 THEME:
Poja Bugis Dance Selangor: History Of The Development Of Bugis Dance In
CULTURAL
The State Of Selangor
3:00 - 3:15 Visualization Identity: Development Of Craft Exposure "Orang Asli Wedding
Decoration"


3:20 - 3:35 Cultural Reciprocity And Sustainability Among Online Small-Time Indigenous
Entrepreneurs In Sabah, Malaysia


3:40 - 3:55 The Mangkuk Tepen : Enriching Student's Knowledge And Awarerness Through
Culturally Responsive Game Approach

4:00 - 4:15 Aamatan And Covid19: The Effect Of The Pandemic On The Kadazandusun
Cultural Festival (Sabah, Malaysia)

4:20 - 4:35 Deconstructing The Dwellings Of The Hunter Gatherers In Taman Negara
Pahang: Cultural Practices, Traditional Knowledge, And Taboos
DISMISSED
5:00

DAY 2 - OCTOBER 23, 2022 (AM)

9:00 - 9:15 THEME: Mah Meri’s Hari Moyang Pantai Traditional Dance Performance: From
TOURISM Traditional to A Tourism Art Entertainment

9:20 - 9:35 Adaptation of Indigenous Traditional Performance to a Tourism Entertainment :
A Case Study of Hmongs Ban Mae Sa Mai

9:40 - 9:55 SEWANG: RITUAL ADAPTATION TO ART PERFORMANCE TOURISM

10:00 - 10:15 Local Knowledge Characteristics of the Bajau Ubian Community as a Tourist
Attraction in Mantanani Island, Kota Belud, Sabah : Perspective From Selected
Skilled Operators

10:20 - 10:35 Reframing Indigenous Tourism Entrepreneurial Personality, Experience, Sense
of Community and Challenges in Community-based Tourism-Related Business


10:40 - 10:55 Factors of Indigenous Community Tourism Business Success for the Mhong
Entrepreneurs In Thailand

THEME:
11:00 - 11:15 Socioeconomics Supports On Indigenous Community In Malaysia
FINANCIAL
MANAGEMENT
THEME:
12:00 - 12:15 Discerning Language Learning Preferences Among Jahai Children
COMMUNICATION

12:30 DISMISSED

TENTATIVE PROGRAMME







DATE TIME PROGRAMME


nd
22 October 2022 8.00am - Registration (First Day)

(Saturday) - Exhibition and Demonstration - Theme: Resilience Art: Harnessing
Creativity For Change.


8.30am Welcoming Speech by Conference Chairman


9.00am Keynote Speaker : Prof Dr. Juli Edo

10.00am International Indigenous Conference ICCS2022: Session 1


12.00pm - Lunch break


2.00pm International Indigenous Conference ICCS2022: Session 2


5.00pm End Of The Programme

TENTATIVE PROGRAMME







DATE TIME PROGRAMME


rd
23 October 2022 8.00am - Registration (Second day)

(Sunday) - Exhibition and Demonstration - Theme: Resilience Art: Harnessing
Creativity For Change.


9.00am International Indigenous Conference ICCS2022: Session 3


12.30am Lunch Break

2.00pm International Indigenous Conference ICCS2022: Session 1


12.00pm - Lunch break


2.00pm International Indigenous Conference ICCS2022: Session 2


5.00pm End Of The Programme

TENTATIVE PROGRAMME (3)







DAY 1 - OCTOBER 22, 2022 (SATURDAY)

TIME


8.30AM - 9.00AM OPENING SPEECH


9.00AM - 9.50AM KEYNOTE SPEAKER: PROF. DR JULI EDO

SESSION 1
MODERATOR: DR. AZLIN ANITA ZAINAL ABIDIN
THEME: EDUCATION


10.00AM - 10.15AM Slot 1 Quality Education: Skills for Learning and Personal Empowerment for Native School Pupils in
Malaysia.
(I.K Norziaton, Aida Hazlin Ismail, Muhammad Ridzuan Hashim, Shukriah Saad, Nur Adura
Noruddin, Mohamad Ridhuan Mat Dangi)

10.15AM - 10.30AM Slot 1 A Silent Folks: A Modern Lore Using Animated Semai Folktales for ESL Classrooms.
(Sharina Saad, Rafidah Ahmad, Shafilla Subri (Dr)

TENTATIVE PROGRAMME (3)







DAY 1 - OCTOBER 22, 2022 (SATURDAY)

TIME


10.30AM - 10.45AM Slot 1 Face And Content Validity to Access Health Literacy Questionnaires Among Communities in The
Protected Areas.
(Nor Aziah Abd Kadir, Amirah Azzeri, Mohd Iqbal Mohd Noor, Mohd Hafiz Jaafar, Zurina
Kefeli@Zulkefli)


10.45AM - 11.00AM Q&A Session

11.00AM - 11.15AM Slot 1 Access To Education for Indigenous Children: No Children Should Be Left Behind.
(Nadzriah Ahmad, Sheela A/P Jayabala Krishnan @ Jayabalan, Normawati Hashim)

11.15AM - 11.30AM Slot 2 Health Seeking Behaviour Among Orang Asli in Kuala Tahan, Pahang.
(Noor’ain Mohamad Yunus, Sri Fatiany Abdul Kader Jailani, Syukrina Alini Mat Ali, Siti
Noorsuriani Maon, Naffisah Mohd Hassan)

11.30AM - 11.45AM Slot 2 Indigenous Children and Food Security In Malaysia: In Need Of Regulative Measures.
(Sheela Jayabalan, Nadzriah Ahmad, Siti Hafsyah Idris, Normawati Hashim, Nuttakorn
Vitianon)

TENTATIVE PROGRAMME (3)







DAY 1 - OCTOBER 22, 2022 (SATURDAY)

TIME


11.45AM - 12.00PM Q&A Session


12.00PM - 2.00PM Lunch Break

SESSION 2
MODERATOR: DR. HEMA ZULAIKA HASHIM
THEME: TOURISM


2.00PM - 2.15PM Slot 1 Mah Meri’s Ritual Dance ‘Main Jo’oh”: From Ritual Ceremonial to A Tourism Art Entertainment
(Ayu Haswida Bt Abu Bakar (Dr), Duratu Ain Dorothy Jonathan Linggang, Wirasant
Wirunsakunphiban (Dr), Rachod Nusen (Professor Assistant, Dr )

2.15PM - 2.30PM Slot 1 Adaptation of Indigenous Traditional Performance to a Tourism Entertainment : A Case Study of
Hmongs Ban Mae Sa Mai
(Wirasant Wirunsakunphiban (Dr), Rachod Nusen (Assistant Professor, Dr), Ayu Haswida bt
Abu Bakar (Dr), Daratul Ain Dorothy Jonathan Linggang)

TENTATIVE PROGRAMME (3)







DAY 1 - OCTOBER 22, 2022 (SATURDAY)

TIME


2.30PM - 2.45PM Slot 1 Local Knowledge Characteristics of the Bajau Ubian Community as a Tourist Attraction in
Mantanani Island, Kota Belud, Sabah : Perspective From Selected Skilled Operators
(Mohd Jirey Kumalah, Mohamad Pirdaus Yusoh, Ang Kean Hua)

2.45PM - 3.15PM Q&A Session


3.15PM - 3.30PM Slot 2 Reframing Indigenous Tourism Entrepreneurial Personality, Experience, Sense of Community and
Challenges in Community-based Tourism-Related Business.
(Mohd Hafiz Hanafiah, Norol Hamiza Zamzuri, Tengku Intan Suzila Thengku Sharif, Bung-On
Chartrungruang)


3.30PM - 3.45PM Slot 2 Factors of Indigenous Community Tourism Business Success for the Mhong Entrepreneurs In
Thailand.
(Chartrungruang,B, Wattanalaungarun,W, Sa-Ingthong,K, Hanafiah, M.H.M, Zamsuri, N.H)

TENTATIVE PROGRAMME (3)







DAY 1 - OCTOBER 22, 2022 (SATURDAY)

TIME


THEME: COMMUNICATION


3.45PM - 4.00PM Slot 2 Discerning Language Learning Preferences Among Jahai Children.
(Puteri Rhani Megat Abdul Rahim, Thuraiya Mohd, Zaemah Abdul Kadir, Mohd Syahir Abdul
Rani, Mohamad Syafiq Ya Shak)


4.00PM - 4.15PM Q&A Session


5.00PM End of The Session

TENTATIVE PROGRAMME (3)







DAY 2 - OCTOBER 23, 2022 (SUNDAY)

TIME


SESSION 3
MODERATOR: DR. WORASIRI BOONSUE
THEME: CULTURAL

9.00AM - 9.15AM Slot 1 Poja Bugis Dance Selangor: History of The Development of Bugis Dance in The State of Selangor
(Khairul Anuar Zainudin, Ahmad Kamal Basyah Sallehuddin (Dr))

9.15AM - 9.30AM Slot 1 Visualization Identity: Development of Craft Exposure "Orang Asli Wedding Decoration".
(Muhammad Fafiz Hassan, Muhammad Ashraff Halidi, Muhammad Fakhruddin Ahmad)


9.30AM - 9.45AM Slot 1 Cultural Reciprocity and Sustainability Among Online Small-Time Indigenous Entrepreneurs in
Sabah, Malaysia
(Trixie M Tangit)

9.45AM - 10.05AM Q&A Session

TENTATIVE PROGRAMME (3)







DAY 2 - OCTOBER 23, 2022 (SUNDAY)

TIME


10.05AM - 10.20AM Slot 2 The Mangkuk Tepen : Enriching Student's Knowledge and Awareness Through Culturally
Responsive Game Approach.
(Siti Zuraida Maaruf, Nurul Faaiza Abdul Razak, Nur Shakila Izzati Rusli, Akmal Ahamed
Kamal)


10.20AM - 10.35AM Slot 2 Kaamatan and Covid19: The Effect of the Pandemic on The Kadazan Dusun Cultural Festival
(Sabah, Malaysia).
(Trixie M Tangit)

10.35AM - 10.50AM Slot 2 Deconstructing the Dwellings of the Hunter Gatherers in Taman Negara Pahang: Cultural Practices,
Traditional Knowledge, and Taboos.
(Badli Esham Ahmad, Mohd Amli Abdullah, Mohd Rozaidi Ismail, Mohd Fuad Abdullah,
Mohd Iqbal Mohd Noor, Zulkiflee Abd Latif, Norazlin Suboh)


10.50AM - 11.10AM Q&A Session

TENTATIVE PROGRAMME (3)







DAY 2 - OCTOBER 23, 2022 (SUNDAY)

TIME


MODERATOR: DR. RECHOD NUSEN (ASSISTANT PROFESSOR)


11.20AM - 11.35AM Slot 1 A Documentation of Mah Meri Indigenous Ceremonial Attire and Ancestral day Event Stages.
(Norol Hamiza Zamzuri, Tengku Intan Suzila T.S, Mohd. Hafiz Mohamad Hanafiah)

11.35AM - 11.50AM Slot 1 Indigenous People's Accessory highlighted in designomics Model.
(Hema Zulaika Hashim (Dr), Zakiyah Hassan)

11.50AM - 12.05AM Q&A Session


THEME: FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT


12.05PM - 12.20PM Slot 2 Socioeconomics Supports on Indigenous Community in Malaysia
(Muhammad Fuad Abdullah, Badli Esham Ahmad , Mohd Iqbal Mohd Noor)

TENTATIVE PROGRAMME (3)







DAY 2 - OCTOBER 23, 2022 (SUNDAY)

TIME


12.20PM - 12.35PM Slot 2 Characterizing the Design and Economics Componens of Jewellary into Designomaic Model of
Indigenous Community: A case Study of Hmong Mae-sa, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
(Jaruwan Pengsiri, Worasiri Boonsue, Hema Zulaikha Hashim, Zakiyah Hassan)

12.35PM - 12.50PM Q&A Session


12.50PM End of The Session

Literature review










Theory 01




Mercury is the closest planet
to the Sun and the smallest

one in the Solar System—it’s

Theory 02
a bit larger than the Moon


Venus has a beautiful name

and is the second planet from

the Sun. It’s hot and has a

poisonous atmosphere

Papuan ethnic

groups














Group 01 Group 02 Group 03 Group 04


Name Name 1 Name 2 Name 3 Name 4


Tribe Tribe 1 Tribe 2 Tribe 3 Tribe 4


Language Mercury Venus Jupiter Saturn


Characteristic Neptune Mars Sun Earth

Aweso














me














words

Methodology







55 Venus



% It’s the second planet from


30 the Sun
Mercury

% It’s the closest planet to

the Sun
15% Mars

Mars is actually a very

cold place


Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new one here. For
more info, click here

A picture is

worth a






thousand






words

150,0




















00





Big numbers catch your audience’s

attention