The-Post-American-World-Norton-akoam.com

INDEX 283

independence of, 138, 143, 146 women in, 7 5 - 7 6 , 1 4 1 - 4 2 , 145
industrialization of, 135 Indian Institutes of Technology, 129,
inflation in, 129
infrastructure of, 133-37, 143 145,188-89
languages of, 80, 135, 151, 152, Indonesia, 3, 11, 13, 16, 22, 73, 86,

162-63, 164 97-98, 99, 119, 155, 253-54
legal system of, 134, 141 industrialization, 2, 3, 18-19, 52, 53, 74,
literacy rate in, 1 4 1 - 4 2
living standards in, 5 3 - 5 4 91, 93-94, 97, 135, 174, 175-76,
manufacturing sector of, 2 1 , 1 3 2 - 3 3 , 183, 187, 200, 201, 237
industrial revolution, 91, 237
135, 137 inflation, 2 3 - 2 4 , 26, 27, 129, 133-37,
mass media in, 138, 139, 157 143,200
middle class of, 144 information technology, 9, 191, 198,
military forces of, 148, 151, 1 5 8 - 6 1 , 202, 209-10
Infosys Technologies, 40, 132, 137, 139
165-66, 225, 235, 252 infrastructure, 133-34, 136
modernization of, 6 1 , 1 2 9 - 3 2 , 135 initial public offerings (IPOs), 185,
multinational corporations in, 4 7 - 4 8 203-5
Muslim minority in, 12, 1 4 2 - 4 3 , intellectual property, 112-13
interest rates, 19, 62, 205
156, 163, 164 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
nationalism in, 38, 129, 1 4 2 - 4 3 , Change, 30-31
intermediate business expenses, 201
163-66 International Atomic Energy Agency
nonalignment policy of, 1 4 7 - 5 0 , 161 (IAEA), 158-59, 160
nuclear weapons of, 151, 1 5 8 - 6 1 , International Herald Tribune, 8 3
International Monetary Fund (IMF),
225, 235 22, 38, 217
oil needs of, 2 8 Internet, 24-25, 80, 83, 100, 122, 126,
Pakistan's relations with, 129-30, 207-8
investment funds, 3, 2 9 - 3 0 , 1 8 4 - 8 5
149, 156, 160 iPod, 131, 186
political parties in, 138, 1 4 0 - 4 6 , 162, Iran, 6, 9, 15, 17, 29, 83, 112, 125, 151,
173, 235, 236, 248, 252-53, 258
163, 164 Iranian hostage crisis, 2 5 8
population of, 2 1 , 53, 132, 1 6 2 - 6 6 Iran-Iraq War, 9
poverty in, 3, 133, 134, 1 3 9 - 4 2 , Iraq, 6 , 7 - 8 , 9, 11-12, 13, 14, 39,
42^13, 125, 146, 168-69,
146-47, 153, 161 172-73, 182, 213, 220, 222,
private sector of, 1 3 2 - 3 7 , 1 4 4 - 4 5 223-24, 252-53
regional governments in, 1 2 9 - 3 0 , Iraq War, 6, 7-8, 39, 42-43, 125,
168-69, 172-73, 182, 223-24,
145-46, 162-66 226, 227-28, 235, 244, 248-49
service sector of, 132, 135 iron, 118, 174
socialism in, 141, 145, 157, 162 Islam, 2, 10-15, 61, 62, 76, 109, 112,
technology sector of, 25, 40, 1 3 2 - 3 3 , 129-32, 135, 142-43, 156, 163,
164, 196, 217, 238, 247, 251,
145, 187-91, 193 252, 253-54, 255
as U N member, 38, 148n Islamic fundamentalism, 10-15, 62, 76,
urbanization of, 134, 1 3 7 - 3 9 , 144, 156, 217, 238, 247, 252, 253-55

150
U.S. compared with, 1 3 9 - 4 0
U.S. relations with, 128, 144,

150-52, 156, 158-61, 165,
225-26, 238, 239, 242, 244,
246-47, 249, 257
wage levels in, 190
Western influence in, 7 5 - 7 8 , 81, 8 6

284 I N D E X

Israel, 6-7, 83, 151-52, 183, 222, 235, Kant, Immanuel, 110
244, 249, 258 Karnataka, 163-64
Kennedy, Paul, 61, 176
Italy, 2 3 , 8 4 , 132, 1 6 5 - 6 6 , 178 Kenya, 3, 3 8 - 3 9
It's a Wonderful Life, 72 Keynes, John Maynard, 179
"Ivory Tower" nations, 1 8 4 - 8 5 kimonos, 76
Kissinger, Henry, 2 2 1 , 2 4 0
Jakarta, 16 Kitchener, H. H., 172
James, Lawrence, 172 knowledge economy, 202, 2 0 9 - 1 0
Japan: Kohl, Helmut, 221
Korean War, 19
Buddhism in, 155 Kosovo, 3 2 , 2 2 1 , 2 4 7 - 4 8
China compared with, 9 1 - 9 2 Kotak, Uday, 137
Chinese relations of, 8 8 , 107, Kreuz-Zeitung, 171
Krishnadevaraya, 54
121-22, 127 Kursk, Battle of, 34
culture of, 74, 76, 7 8 - 7 9 , 8 5 , 86, Kyoto accords (1997), 31, 37

109, 195 labor market, 25, 56, 135, 185, 189,
democracy in, 101, 103 201-2, 208-10
economy of, 19, 2 0 , 22, 2 5 , 3 5 - 3 6 ,
labor-saving devices, 5 8 - 5 9
38, 40-41, 74, 91-92, 105, 107, labor unions, 142, 195
210, 221 Landes, David, 60
education in, 1 9 0 - 9 1 , 192, 193, 195 Las Vegas, 3
family values in, 79, 8 0 Latin America, 6, 17-18, 29, 38, 77, 82,
fertility rate of, 197
foreign aid by, 1 2 1 - 2 2 221
foreign trade of, 6 5 , 6 9 Latin language, 79
global influence of, 2 0 , 32, 34, law:
35-36, 38, 43-44, 105, 107, 108,
159, 210, 232 common, 68
gross domestic product ( G D P ) of, contract, 112-13, 134
183, 190-91 divine, 110
Imperial, 34, 3 5 - 3 6 , 71, 121-22, Islamic, 14-15
178-79 natural, 110-11
manufacturing sector of, 2 5 rule of, 101, 1 1 2 - 1 3 , 134, 141, 2 0 8 ,
Meiji Reformation in, 71
military forces of, 121 253-54
population of, 4 1 , 197 Laxman, R. K., 150
savings rate of, 9 1 - 9 2 League of Nations, 229
technology sector of, 74, 184, "Leaving Asia" (Fukuzawa), 71
190-91, 192, 210 Lebanon, 6, 12, 152, 258
trade balance of, 9 1 - 9 2 Lee Kwan Yew, 8 0 , 102, 103, 1 1 5 - 1 6
U.S. relations with, 220, 242 Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, 110
Western influence in, 69, 7 1 , 8 5 , 8 6 Leila Island, 2 1 5 - 1 7
Jemaah Islamiah, 11 Lend-Lease Act (1941), 179^80
Jiang Zemin, 120-21 Lewis, Bernard, 15, 250
jihad, 10-15 liberals, 6 1 - 6 2 , 157
Joffe, Josef, 227, 241 Liberia, 206
Jordan, 8, 254 Libya, 178
Judaism, 11, 109, 155, 156
Lincoln, Abraham, 106
Kagan, Robert, 2 2 8 - 2 9 liquidity, 1 9 - 2 0 , 2 3 , 27, 183, 2 0 2 - 1 0

INDEX 285

literacy, 1 4 1 - 4 2 mass media, 9, 14-15, 24-25, 82, 83,
living standards, 2 3 - 2 4 , 5 3 - 5 4 , 57, 138, 139, 157, 192

100-101 mathematics, 191-95
London, 15-16, 90, 205, 206-7 Mecca, 253, 254
London bombings (2005), 15-16 Medicare, 202
Lux, 184-85 Mediterranean Sea, 64, 215-19
Luxemburg, Rosa, 72 Meiji Reformation, 71
memorization, 193-94
Macao, 3, 85 Menon, K. P. S., 147
McCain, John, 252 Menon, V. K. Krishna, 148
Machiavelli, Niccolô, 2 4 9 - 5 0 meritocracies, 193-94
McKinsey and Co., 29-30, 205 metric system, 206
McKinsey Global Institute (MGI), 31, Mexico, 2, 18, 26, 44, 228, 251
Microsoft, 91, 112-13
189 Middle Ages, 54, 63, 79
macroeconomics, 199-202 middle class, 21, 2 3 - 2 4 , 102, 144, 254
Maddison, Angus, 53n Middle East:
Madison, James, 212
Madrid bombings (2004), 15 Arab population of, 6 5 , 6 7
Magna Carta, 63 colonialism in, 146, 178
"magnetism," 1 0 7 - 8 economies of, 6 1 , 6 2 - 6 3
Mahbubani, Kishore, 75-76, 226 political situation of, 6 - 8 , 105, 183,
Malaysia, 2, 217
Malthus, Thomas, 57 221, 222, 224n, 238, 258
"Malthusian trap," 57n U.S. influence in, 7-^8, 29, 42, 2 5 0
"managerial imperialism," 234 see also specific countries
manufacturing sector, 19, 20-21, 25, 89, military spending, 17, 92, 126, 181-82,

91-92, 132-33, 135, 137, 217, 237-38
175-76, 185^86 Ming dynasty, 4 9 - 5 0 , 60, 64
Mao Zedong, 10, 88, 96, 104, 116, 122, "mixed" economic model, 141
253 "mixed" regimes, 101
Marcos, Ferdinand, 96 Mobutu Sese Seko, 96
markets: modernization, 14-15, 32-33, 36, 61,
capital, 19-20, 23, 27, 52-54, 57n,
62, 63, 80-81, 135-36, 183, 73-77, 81-82, 89, 96-97, 101-2,
198-99, 201, 202-10 113-14, 129-32, 135
domestic, 91-92, 98, 105, 117, 123, Mogul Empire, 61, 62, 84
128, 207, 218, 242, 257 Mohan, C. Raja, 149
emerging, 2, 19-21, 26, 37, 41, 43, monarchy, 63, 110-11
105, 234 Mondale, Walter, 227
financial, 7, 15-16, 27, 5 9 - 6 0 , 97, Monier-Williams, Monier, 153-54
202-10 Montgomery, Bernard Law, 230
free, 2 1 - 2 6 , 45, 4 7 - 4 8 , 9 3 - 9 5 , 102, Morocco, 16, 192, 215-17, 253-54
136, 200, 202, 218, 234, 256-57 Morocco bombings (2003), 16
global, see globalization Morris, James, 167-68
labor, 25, 56, 135, 185, 189, 2 0 1 - 2 , mortgages, 27, 72, 136, 200, 208
208-10 Mountbatten, Louis, 33, 148
Marshall, George C , 230, 231 Moynihan, Daniel Patrick, 61-62
Marshall Plan, 229 MRI machines, 28
Marx, Karl, 72, 101-2 Mugabe, Robert, 96, 118
multiculturalism, 52
multilateralism, 222-30, 240, 2 4 2 - 4 4

286 I N D E X

multipolar order, 1-5, 36-37, 4 2 - 4 3 , North Africa, 12-13, 18, 67
210, 216-17, 218, 219-26, 240, North America, 66
241-44, 249-50 North Atlantic Treaty Organization

multi-spindle wheel, 59 (NATO), 13, 156, 223, 243
Mumbai, 134, 157, 163, 193 North Korea, 6, 17, 19, 125, 159, 213,
Mumtaz Mahal, 58
Muslim Brotherhood, 252 222, 235, 239
Mussolini, Benito, 178 Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (1968),
Mutual Assured Destruction, 124
158-61, 240-41
Nairn, Moisés, 117 nuclear weapons, 6, 16, 26, 31, 83, 124,
Nanjing, 50
nanotechnology, 183-85, 198 126, 151, 158-61,225,226-27,
Napoleon I, Emperor of France, 8 7 - 8 8 232, 235-36, 240-41, 248, 251,
Nasser, Gamal Abdul, 72 253, 254
National Academy of Sciences, 187 Nunn, Sam, 240
national debt, 117, 1 2 4 , 2 0 0 - 2 0 2 , Nye, Joseph, 108

217-18 Obama, Barack, 255
nationalism, 4, 31-40, 63, 88, 121-22, Oglethorpe University, 2 5 1 - 5 2
oil, 6, 2 7 - 3 0 , 3 5 , 102, 2 1 0 , 2 3 6
127, 129, 142-43, 163-66, Olympic Games, 90, 92, 124, 170
174-75, 249 Omdurman, Battle of, 171
nationalization, 180 one-child policy, 132, 197n
national saving, 201 O'Neill, Thomas P. "Tip," 162, 2 5 8 - 5 9
National Science Foundation, 188 Opium Wars, 68-69
nation-states, 31-40, 63 Organization of American States
natural gas, 28, 116, 236
natural resources, 6, 27-30, 31, 35, 52, (OAS), 243
91, 102, 116-19,210, 236 Organization of Petroleum Exporting
Nazism, 10, 24, 34-36, 127, 241, 251
Needham, Joseph, 109 Countries (OPEC), 28
Nehru, Jawaharlal, 71, 73, 138, 140, Orissa, 139
146-49, 152, 157, 161, 164 Ottoman Empire, 54, 55, 61, 62-63, 69,
neoconservatives, 125-26, 223, 2 2 8 - 2 9
Netherlands, 54, 59-60, 66, 67-68, 71, 72-73, 104-5
171-72, 192 outsourcing, 25, 40, 132, 186
New Delhi, India, 134
Newsweek, 8 3 "Pacific Century," 221
New World, 49, 66, 67, 170 Pakistan, 12, 13, 129-30, 143, 149, 156,
"new world order," 3 5 - 3 6
New York, N.Y., 2 0 3 - 4 , 2 0 6 - 7 160, 217, 235, 239, 246
New York Times, 147, 171, 2 3 4 Palestinians, 6-7, 222
Nigeria, 48, 73, 85, 117, 133 Pampers diapers, 92
Nixon, Richard M., 210, 258 Parsley crisis (2002), 2 1 5 - 1 7
Nobel Prize, 193, 198 Patriots Alliance, 122
nonaccelerating inflation rate of unem­ Patten, Christopher, 224-25
ployment (NAIRU), 200 "peaceful rise," 106-7, 1 1 4 - 2 3
nonalignment policy, 1 4 7 - 5 0 , 161 peasants, 52-53, 87, 93-94, 99
nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), Pei, Minxin, 93, 9 7 - 9 8
4, 32, 37, 45, 152, 157, 247 pensions, 195-96, 211
Perejil Island, 2 1 5 - 1 7
Perry, William, 2 4 0
Pershing missiles, 2 2 6 - 2 7
Persian Gulf, 29
Peru, 24

INDEX 287

Peter I, Emperor of Russia, 7 0 - 7 1 unipolar vs. multipolar order of, 1-5,
petrochemicals, 29-30 36-37, 42-43, 210, 216-17, 218,
Pew Global Attitudes Survey, 47, 109, 219-26, 240, 241-44, 249-50

150, 209 U.S. global role in, 4 - 5 , 4 0 - 4 8 , 104,
Philippines, 11, 25, 120 107, 126-28, 166, 206-10,
Philosophical Dictionary (Voltaire), 213-59

110 see also globalization
Pilhofer, Aron, 2 0 2 - 3 postindustrial economies, 135, 183, 187
Pinker, Steven, 9 poverty, 3, 20, 21, 5 2 - 5 3 , 87, 89, 9 3 - 9 4 ,
Pitt, William, 69
Pizarro, Francisco, 67 98, 100-101, 104, 108, 130, 133,
platinum, 118 134, 139-42, 146-47, 153, 161
plutonium, 160 Powell, Colin, 216
polar ice caps, 31 Pratt School of Engineering, 188
political parties, 47, 138, 140-46, 162, Premji, Azim, 139
price levels, 19, 2 4 - 2 5 , 28, 30, 54, 57,
163, 164, 213, 231, 251-54, 255, 115
257 private property, 60, 134
"political risk," 18 private sector, 132-37, 144-45
Poos, Jacques, 221 privatization, 94, 97, 134-35, 136, 137,
population growth, 21, 30, 41, 52-53, 205
67, 87, 97-98, 99, 128, 129, 132, Procter & Gamble, 92, 135
162-66, 174, 195-99 product development, 185-86
Portugal, 56, 66, 67, 103, 135 productivity, 19, 28, 30, 41, 58-59, 144,
"positive supply shocks," 19 183, 195, 257
post-American world: profit, 5 9 - 6 0 , 6 7 - 6 8 , 115, 186
anti-Americanism and, 13, 32, Protestantism, 68, 84-85, 112, 237
36-37, 39-40, 47-48, 150, 217, Prussia, 110-11, 174
221, 226-30, 249-50, 257 Pudong financial district, 90
asymmetry in, 1 2 6 - 2 8 , 2 4 4 - 4 7 Punjab, 163
cultural change in, 1-5, 14, 36, purchasing power parity (PPP), 17n, 20,
38-39, 49-86, 113-14 53n, lOOn, 132n, 181n
economic conditions in, 6 - 4 8 , 80,
81, 84, 180-82, 217-19, 230 qi (energy), 113
future trends for, 1-5, 8 1 - 8 6 , Qienlong, Emperor of China, 56
182-86, 187, 215-59 Qing dynasty, 5 0 - 5 1 , 6 8 - 6 9
legitimacy in, 2 1 9 - 2 6 , 2 4 5 - 5 0 quotas, 96
multilateralism in, 2 2 2 - 3 0 , 240,
242-44 Raffles, Stamford, 168
nationalism in, 4, 3 1 - 4 0 , 88, 1 2 1 - 2 2 , Rajasthan, 163-64
127, 129, 142-43, 163-66, Ramo, Joshua Cooper, 126-27
174-75, 249 Ranbaxy, 137
power shift in, 18, 2 1 , 2 6 - 2 7 , 3 1 - 4 0 , Ratner, Ely, 3 6
42-44,80-81,86, 114-15, Reagan, Ronald, 152, 227, 258
124-28, 216-26, 241-42 real estate, 27, 72, 136, 200, 201, 208
"rise of the rest" in, 1-5, 52, 8 3 - 8 4 , recessions, 23-24
86, 88, 181-82, 202-10, 218, regional governments, 129-30, 145-46,
232-34, 238-39, 242-44, 259
strategic approach to, 126-28, 162-66
231-50 regional powers, 2 3 2 - 3 8
Reliance Industries, 133, 137

288 I N D E X

religion, 14, 61, 63, 67, 68, 74, 85, taxation in, 71
109-12, 114, 129-32, 135, 153, U.S. relations with, 173, 217, 223,
155, 156, 196, 237, 255
235-36, 242, 244
Renaissance, 55 Western influence in, 7 0 - 7 1 , 8 5
Report ofPhihihu (Frederick II), see also Soviet Union
Russian Orthodox Church, 71
110-11
Republican Party, 47, 213, 2 5 1 - 5 3 , 254, Sachs, Jeffrey, 22, 8 9
Sahney, Rajiv, 189
256-57 St. Mark's Square, 85
reserve currency, 2 4 2 - 4 3 St. Petersburg, 7 0 - 7 1
"responsible stakeholders," 232 Salafist Group for Call and Combat
retail sector, 186
Revolutionary War, U.S., 177 (GSPC), 12-13
Rhine River, 6 4 salwar kurta, 7 5 - 7 6
Ricci, Matteo, 111 samba, 82
Rice, Condoleezza, 228 Sarbanes-Oxley Act (2002), 204
Richie, Donald, 79 saris, 7 5 - 7 6
Rig Veda, 155 Sarkozy Nicolas, 228
Saudi Arabia, 8, 11, 13, 14, 29-30, 35,
Rise of the Great Nations, The, 1 0 6 - 7
Roberts, J. M., 61 112, 151, 210, 224n, 239, 253-54
rogue states, 17-18, 36, 173, 251 savings rate, 2 3 - 2 4 , 40, 9 1 - 9 2 , 135-36,
Roman Empire, 54-55, 64-65, 115,
199-202,211,257
167, 171, 176,217, 237 Schumer, Chuck, 2 0 3 - 4
Romney, Mitt, 2 5 2 - 5 3 Schwab, Klaus, 131
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 107, 152, 179, Schwarz, Benjamin, 3 4 - 3 5
scientific research, 55-57, 85, 110, 175,
229-30, 251
Roosevelt, Theodore, 107, 166 181, 182, 183-85, 191-95, 201-2
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 110 Security Council, UN, 38, 88, 105, 118,
Roy, Pranoy, 161
Roy, Raja Ram Mohan, 6 9 - 7 0 , 73 148n, 230, 247-48
Royal Navy, 169, 175, 178, 181 September 11th, 2001 terrorist attacks,
Rumsfeld, Donald, 47, 2 2 2 - 2 3
Russia: 6, 10-11, 14, 15, 16, 201,
222-23, 240, 247, 248, 252, 253
Chinese relations of, 120, 124, 126 service sector, 132, 135
czarist rule of, 60, 7 0 - 7 1 , 174 Shah Jahan, 58
economic reforms in, 9 4 Shakespeare Wallah, 81
economy of, 2, 27, 3 5 - 3 6 , 94, 174 Shanghai, 32, 90, 97, 105, 134, 168, 194
as emerging market, 26, 234 Shanghai Stock Exchange, 97, 105
foreign policy of, 6 Shanmugaratnam, Tharman, 193-94
geography of, 63 sharia, 14-15
global influence of, 12, 43, 104, 2 3 2 , Sharma, Ruchir, 163
Shia Muslims, 11-12, 238, 253
244 shopping malls, 3
gross domestic product ( G D P ) of, Shultz, George, 240
Sicily, 34
174 Sikhs, 163
industrialization of, 2 Silicon Valley, 198
nuclear weapons of, 158, 1 5 9 - 6 0 ,
Singapore, 3, 29, 102-3, 119, 137, 168,
235-36, 240-41 178-79, 192, 193-95
oil resources of, 2 9
poverty in, 3 Singh, Manmohan, 143, 144, 153
privatization in, 2 0 5

INDEX 289

Sino-African summit (2006), 116-17 Spielberg, Steven, 92
Sky News, 83 Sputnik launching ( 1 9 5 7 ) , 2 1 0
Slaughter, Anne-Marie, 243 Sri Lanka, 141, 149
slavery, 6 6 Stalin, Joseph, 35, 179, 2 2 9 - 3 0 , 2 5 1 ,
Slovakia, 2 0 6
"smiley curve," 186 253
socialism, 22, 23, 107, 128, 141, 145, state-directed capitalism, 2 9 - 3 0
state socialism, 128
157, 162, 180 "stealth reforms," 144
Social Security, 213 steel, 91
Socrates, 110 Steingart, Gabor, 40
"soft power," 108, 170, 2 3 4 - 3 5 stocks, 27, 97, 205
Somalia, 168-69, 2 0 6 subprime mortgages, 27
South Africa, 2, 3, 44, 85, 119, 171-73, sub-Saharan Africa, 67
Sudan, 29, 3 5 , 3 9 , 118, 1 7 1 , 2 4 8
232, 234 Suez Canal, 19, 152, 169, 178
South America, 66 Suez Canal crisis (1956), 19, 152
South Asia, 19, 20n, 42, 4 7 - 4 8 suicide bombings, 13-14, 254
South China Sea, 120, 243 Summers, Lawrence, 222
South Korea, 2, 19, 38, 71, 80, 82, 85, Sunni Muslims, 11-12, 238, 2 5 2 - 5 3
SunYat-sen, 71, 73
91-92, 99, 102, 103, 119, 141, Sun Zi, 127
155, 197 Sweden, 23, 103, 183
Soviet Union: Syria, 6, 8, 141
Afghanistan invaded by, 13, 8 8 , 2 5 8
Chinese relations of, 120, 124, 126 Taiwan, 2, 19, 32, 99, 103, 105, 106,
collapse of, 8 - 9 , 2 2 , 3 5 - 3 6 , 43, 2 1 9 , 119, 122-23, 124, 125, 126,
220-21,258 148n, 197, 239
Communist regime of, 22, 23, 107
Czechoslovakia invaded by (1968), Taiwan Strait, 19
227 Taj Mahal, 5 8
expansionism of, 10, 156, 2 3 1 , 2 5 8 Talbot, Strobe, 94
space program of, 58, 2 1 0 Taliban, 13, 156, 217, 252
as superpower, 10, 88, 107, 156, Tamil Nadu, 163
231, 241, 258-59 Tancredo, Tom, 253
technology sector of, 5 8 tariffs, 38, 180
U.S. relations with, 4, 8-9, 19, Tata Group, 132-33, 137
35-36, 125, 127, 128, 147-50, taxation, 38, 51, 59, 62, 71, 95, 206,
179, 182, 220-21, 223, 227,
229-30, 231, 247, 250, 253, 213, 238
258-59 Tay, Simon, 2 3 4
in World War II, 3 4 - 3 5 technology, 9, 2 0 - 2 5 , 27, 40, 41, 46, 48,
see also Russia
space program, 58, 210 74, 79-80, 100, 122, 126,
Spain, 15, 103, 170, 2 1 5 - 1 7 , 2 5 3 - 5 4 , 132-33, 145, 181, 182, 183-95,
256 198, 200, 201-2, 207-10, 211
Spanish language, 83 Tehran Conference (1943), 2 2 9 - 3 0
special interests, 212, 213 telecommunications industry, 145
Speer, Albert, 9 0 television, 82, 83, 157
Speer, Albert, Jr., 90 tennis, 2 0 2 - 3
Spence, Jonathan, 111 terrorism, 4, 6, 9, 10-18, 26-27, 31, 47,
Spiegel, 2 2 7 201, 217, 222-23, 240, 245, 247,
248, 250-59

290 I N D E X

textile industry, 25 United Nations, 38, 39, 88, 105, 118,
Thailand, 25, 119 141, 148n, 196,216, 220, 226,
Tharoor, Shashi, 148n 229, 230, 239, 243, 247-48
Thatcher, Margaret, 22, 180, 208, 220,
United Nations Human Development
221 Index, 141
Third Plenum of the Eleventh Central
United Nations Population Division,
Committee of the Communist 196
Party (1978), 89
Third World, 10, 37, 89, 145, 161 United States, 215-59
Thirty Years'War, 110 African policy of, 2 4 5 - 4 6 , 2 4 8 - 4 9
Thornton, John, 101 alliances of, 2 1 9 - 2 6 , 2 4 5 - 5 0
Tiananmen Square massacre (1989), 24, Asian policies of, 77, 2 1 7 - 1 8 , 2 2 1 ,
250 234-35, 242, 243, 248-49
Tibet, 148-49 automobile industry of, 175, 2 0 8 - 9 ,
Time, 83 219-20
Times (London), 8 3 British Empire compared with,
Times Higher Educational Supplement, 168-69, 172-73, 180-82,
190 213-14, 236-38, 241, 243
Tojo Hideki, 34 British relations of, 1 5 1 - 5 2 , 172,
Tokyo, 7 8 - 7 9 177-80, 217, 229-30, 236-37,
totalitarianism, 63, 99-104, 250 249
Toynbee, Arnold, 168, 179-80 budget deficits of, 202, 2 1 7 - 1 8 , 2 2 0
Toyota, 208 capitalism in, 2 1 - 2 2 , 25, 48, 107,
trade balance, 19, 40, 45-46, 91-92, 183-85, 206-7, 209-10
199 China compared with, 87, 90, 95,
traditional culture, 7 7 - 8 6 176, 218, 239
"treasure ships," 4 9 - 5 1 Chinese relations of, 87, 9 1 , 9 2 - 9 3 ,
Treasury Department, U.S., 11 95, 105, 123-28, 160-61, 173,
Trends in International Mathematics 213, 230, 235,238, 239,241,
and Science Study (TIMSS), 242, 244
191-92 colonial period of, 52, 177
Truman, Harry S., 2 2 9 , 2 3 1 culture of, 1-5, 3 3 - 3 4 , 7 7 - 7 8 , 80,
Tsongas, Paul, 221 81, 187, 195-99, 206-11,
tsunami disaster (2004), 139 246-47, 250-59
Tunisia, 192 democratic ideals of, 125, 150,
Turkey, 3, 16, 26, 71, 102, 2 4 9 , 2 5 3 - 5 4 210-14, 239, 249-59
Turkey bombings (2003), 16 demographics of, 1 9 5 - 9 9
Twain, Mark, 2 4 6 diversity of, 195-99, 2 5 4 - 5 5 , 257, 2 5 8
domestic market of, 207, 218, 242,
Ukraine, 2, 235 257
unemployment rate, 195, 200, 208-9, economy of, 17, 19, 2 1 , 27, 4 0 - 4 1 ,
44-45, 74, 105-6, 107, 124, 136,
258 166, 169, 174, 175, 180-82,
unilateralism, 46-47, 222-30, 240, 195-202, 210-12, 214, 217, 220,
221,231,251,256-57
242-44 education in, 46, 1 8 7 - 9 5 , 198,
"uni-multipolarity," 43 201-2,208,211
unipolar order, 1-5, 36-37, 42^13, 210, elections in, 2 2 0 - 2 1 , 227, 2 5 1 - 5 5
energy needs of, 35, 2 1 0 , 211
216-17, 218, 219-26, 241-42, engineers trained in, 1 8 7 - 9 1
249-50
United Arab Emirates, 3

INDEX 291

European relations of, 2 2 0 - 2 1 , Muslim population of, 247, 2 5 1 , 2 5 4
226-30, 248-49 national debt of, 124, 2 0 0 - 2 0 2 ,

family values in, 8 0 217-18
film industry of, 7 7 - 7 8 , 81 nationalism in, 3 3 - 3 7
financial markets of, 2 0 0 , 2 0 2 - 1 0 nuclear weapons of, 124, 126,
foreign investment in, 2 0 2
foreign policy of, 7 - 8 , 3 9 - 4 0 , 42, 158-61, 235-36, 240-41, 253
oil needs of, 3 5
46-47, 112, 117, 118, 119, political system of, 169, 1 9 9 - 2 0 0 ,
126-28, 151-52, 172-73, 206,
213-59 210-14, 250-59
foreign trade of, 19, 4 0 , 4 5 - 4 6 , 9 1 , population of, 2 1 , 4 1 , 87, 183,
183, 199, 200, 257
French relations of, 227, 2 2 8 195-99
future development of, 1-5, 8 1 - 8 6 , productivity of, 183, 2 5 7
182-86, 187, 215-59 religious attitudes in, 109
German relations of, 2 2 0 - 2 1 , 2 2 7 rhetoric of fear in, 2 5 0 - 5 9
global influence of see post-American Russian relations of, 173, 2 1 7 , 2 2 3 ,
world
gross domestic product ( G D P ) of, 235-36, 242, 244
17, 44_45, 91, 105-6, 174, 179, savings rate of, 1 9 9 - 2 0 2 , 2 1 1 , 2 1 7 ,
180-82, 183, 190-91, 198, 200,
201, 202n, 231 257
growth rate for, 1 9 5 - 9 9 , 2 1 0 - 1 2 , 2 2 0 scientific research in, 181, 182,
health care in, 2 0 8 - 9 , 2 1 1 , 2 1 3 , 2 5 7
immigration to, 48, 74, 150-51, 201-2
195-99,211,247, 251,254, Soviet relations of, 4, 8 - 9 , 19, 3 5 - 3 6 ,
256-57
125, 127, 128, 147-50, 179, 182,
income levels of, 195, 199, 2 0 0 - 2 0 1 , 220-21, 223, 227, 229-30, 231,
202 247, 250, 253, 258-59
special interests in, 2 1 2 , 2 1 3
India compared with, 1 3 9 - 4 0 as superpower, 4 - 5 , 4 0 - 4 8 , 104, 107,
Indian relations of, 128, 144, 126-28, 166, 206-59
taxation in, 9 5 , 2 0 6 , 2 1 3 , 2 3 8
150-52, 156, 158-61, 165, technology sector of, 4 1 , 4 6 , 4 8 , 181,
225-26, 238, 239, 242, 244, 182, 183-95, 198, 200, 201-2,
246-47, 249, 257 207-8,211
industrialization of, 2, 1 8 - 1 9 , 52, terrorist attacks against, 6, 10-11,
176, 183, 187, 200, 201 13, 14, 15, 16, 26-27, 47, 201,
infrastructure of, 136 217, 222-23, 240, 245, 247, 248,
insularity of, 2 0 6 - 1 0 , 2 5 0 - 5 9 250-59
Japanese relations of, 2 2 0 , 2 4 2 unemployment rate in, 2 0 0 , 2 0 8 - 9 ,
labor force of, 2 0 8 - 1 0 258
legal system of, 2 0 8 , 2 5 3 - 5 4 unilateralism of, 4 6 - 4 7 , 2 2 2 - 3 0 ,
manufacturing sector of, 1 8 5 - 8 6 240, 242-44
Middle East policies of, 7 - 8 , 2 9 , 42, as U N member, 105, 230, 239,
250 247-48
military forces of, 1 2 4 - 2 7 , 1 5 8 - 6 1 , in World War II, 3 4 - 3 5
168-69, 181-82,217, 230, urbanization, 89-90, 93-94, 97, 134,
235-38, 240-41, 243, 244-47 137-39, 144, 150
military spending of, 17, 92n, 126, U.S. Information Services, 2 4 6 - 4 7
181-82,217, 237-38 Uttar Pradesh, 163

Valentine's Day, 75
Védrine, Hubert, 222

292 I N D E X

Véliz, Claudio, 170 Wilhelm II, Emperor of Germany, 169n
Venezuela, 6, 17, 29, 173, 177n Wilson, Woodrow, 166
venture capital, 184-85 Wohlforth, William, 2 3 2 - 3 3
Vesalius, Andreas, 5 5 Wolf, Martin, 2 1 0
Victoria, Queen of England, 167-68 women's rights, 7 5 - 7 6 , 81, 141-42,
Vietnam, 19, 119, 120-21, 127, 141,
145
182, 227, 258 working class, 198-99
Vietnam War, 19, 182, 227, 2 5 8 World Bank, 22, 38, 117
Vijayanagar, 5 4 - 5 5 World Economic Forum, 41, 130-31,
visas, travel, 2 5 6
Voice of America, 83 183, 195-96
Voltaire, 110 World Economy: A Millennial Perspective,

wage levels, 27, 54, 189, 190, 2 5 7 The (Maddison), 53n
Wahhabism, 12 World Is Flat, The (Friedman), 187
Wall Street Journal, 192 World Trade Organization (WTO), 4,
Wal-Mart, 91
warfare, 56, 60, 6 3 - 6 4 , 72 95, 124
War of 1812, 177 World War I, 146, 173, 174, 178, 2 2 9
war on terror, 26-27, 217, 240, 245, World War II, 19, 34-36, 38, 40, 41, 88,

248, 250-59 121-22, 178-80, 229-30, 232,
"Washington consensus," 94 258
Washington Post, 194 Wu Jianmin, 105, 115
Watergate scandal, 258
water supplies, 3 0 Xinghai Fang, 105-6
wealth, 5 2 - 5 4 , 57n, 62, 63, 80-81,
Yalta Conference (1945), 179, 2 2 9 - 3 0
135-36, 198-99, 201 Yangtze River, 5 8 - 5 9 , 9 8
weapons of mass destruction (WMDs), Yeltsin, Boris, 94
Youth (Conrad), 72
16, 226 Yugoslavia, 10, 221
Weber, Steven, 36 yutori kyoiku (relaxed education), 195
W E F Competitiveness Index, 195-96
Weller, Robert, 113 Zambezi, 67
Wenjiabao, 101, 106, 121, 122 Zarqawi, Abu Mussab al-, 12
Western culture, 1-5, 14, 36, 38-39, Zawahiri, Ayman, 13
Zenawi, Meles, 117
49-86, 113-14 Zheng Bijian, 106
wheat prices, 19, 54 Zheng He, 49-51,57, 58, 64
Whelan, Theresa, 245 Zimbabwe, 24, 118