13 May 1969_compressed

FINDING AIDS:
"13 MAY 1969 INCIDENT IN MALAYSIA"

FACULTY OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM)
Cawangan Kelantan, Bukit Ilmu

18500 Machang, Kelantan Darul Naim
Malaysia

First issue 2022/ COPYRIGHT
Each of this publication shall not be reproduced, stored for produ
ction or transform to another form, either by electronic means,

mechanics, photograph, recording and otherwise without the written permission of the
Faculty of Information management.

advisor
Prof. Madya Ts Dr.
Hj. Ghazali Osman

Deputy Rector of Academic Affairs

EDITOR
Madam Noor Rah
mawati binti Alias

COMPILER
Nuraina Firzani bin
ti Mohd Azahani
Wan Nur Fawaqih Aliyin binti W. Ya
Che Fatin Noor Aida binti Che Seman

Nurul Hafeeza binti Ghazali
Fatin Najwa binti Mat Sofri

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, we would like to thanks the Almighty to give us the strength and opportunities to complete this
assignment in the semester of March - August 2022 although the condition and environment of studying still in virtual
learning because of our country is still experiencing a dangerous epidemic which is Covid-19.We are really grateful
because we managed to complete our task for this subject within the time given. We would like to thank Madam Noor
Rahmawati binti Alias, lecturer of subject IMR455 (Administration of Archives) for giving us the guidance and
describe the process as well as the correct formatting method in completing this assignment. May all her sacrifices
and kindness reward with kindness as well. May Allah bless her hereafter. Furthermore, we would like to extend our
gratitude to the archives which are Online Finding Aids (OFA) for their assistance in supplying the required
information materials, such as images, documents, records, and others.

We would also like to thank our family who have always supported and helped us a lot throughout this semester.
Without their support, we would not have been able to go through all of this especially in this new condition of
learning. Moreover, big gratitude to our families and friends for their ideas and cooperation. Without our group mates
collaboration this assignment would not finish as we promise. We also appreciate all the patience and hard work
every each of us to make sure this report is done in the right time. If not because of them, we would not be able to
finish up this report. Lastly, we pray that this report will meets all the requirement and satisfaction of all parties and
we hope that our work here has been done with the bless and pleasure of Allah and may the hard work paid with
gracefully. Inshaa Allah. Thank you.

EXPLANATORY NOTES

This finding aids book has been developed to make it easier to retrieve documents and archive materials
connected to the incidents in Malaysia on May 13, 1969, and to use records and materials. The Online Findings
Aid (OFA), Academia, and Encyclopedia are mostly just a few of the electronic and non-electronic sources that

is being used to get the many available different kinds of information.



The list of accessible resources consists of records relating to a collection of different kinds of images,
newspapers, documents, and many more sorts of materials. This finding aids book is intended to make it

simpler for researchers to locate and get the required information.



All of the materials are listed in accordance with the kind of collection, which serves to establish a clear
inventory as well as a description of various items.

ABBREVIATIONS





NO Abbreviation Description





1.      DAP Parti
Tindakan Demokratik
 

DEB


Dasar
2.      Ekonomi Baru

 


MAGERAN Majlis Gerakan Negara


3.     


  People
  PAP Action Party
 



4.     
Parti Islam SeMalaysia
 
  PAS

   

Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia
5.     
 
 
  PGRM





6.        People
PPP Progresif Party
   



7.     

 

13 MAY,1969
INCIDENTS IN
MALAYSIA

INTRODUCTION

MAY 13, 1969 After the country gained its independence on the 31st of August in 1957, Malaysia
was shaken by an episode involving race riots that took place on the 13th of May in
1969. After Malaysia gained its independence on August 31, 1957, the episode of race
riots that occurred on May 13, 1939 was documented as a scar that cannot be
removed from Malaysia's historical record. Due to this tragedy, our nation's
cohesiveness and racial peace were affected negatively.

13 MAY INCIDENT It occurred as a direct result of the conflict that arose between the Chinese and
Malaysians during the general election in 1969. Due to racial tensions and sentimental
games that were performed, there was a misunderstanding and discontent between
them, which led to the death of innocent people and the destruction of their property.
It was the most severe crisis that our nation had ever faced up to that point in our
history. Even today, the racial riots that occurred on May 13, 1969, have left a deep
scar in the psyche of the nation, and the fear of such a reoccurrence looms over the
nation. This fear is aggravated when some unscrupulous Malay politicians remind the
nation that such an outcome is a possibility if the privileged position of Malays is
threatened.

RACIAL RIOTS A curfew had been enacted in several different regions to prevent the situation from
growing any more severe. In a swift and decisive response, the government, acting
through the Ministry of Information, drafted several different public relations tactics to
solve the problem. The Majlis Gerakan Rakyat (MAGERAN) was established by the
government to re-establish the goal of reestablishing racial unity and peace in our nation.
In addition, Rukun Negara was created. So that Malaysians, regardless of their racial or
ethnic backgrounds, might attain national unity by adhering to a set of guiding principles
known as Rukun Negara.

Chapter 1:

HISTORY(BEFORE EVENT)

13 MAY, 1969 INCIDENT

BEFORE EVENT

Since Malaysia's independence from the British colonial
authority in 1957, when ethnic riots first broke out there on
May 13, 1969, they have been regarded as a crucial turning

point in the ties between the nascent nation and its state.
Malaysia's population is multiethnic, with two very

substantial minority ethnic groups, Chinese and Indian,
who are predominantly descended from migrants from
China and India, and a sizable Malay majority that is
largely indigenous. Compared to Indians, the Chinese are a

greater ethnic minority. Ethnicity has also taken on
political significance in Malaysia, an independent nation,
with each ethnic community having its own political party.

The migrant Chinese, who had outperformed both the
Malays and the Indians in terms of economic achievement,

were persecuted by the British colonial rule.

FACTORS THAT CONTRIBUTED TO THE
13 MAY, 1969 INCIDENT

FIGURE 1 : 1.Prejudice by the Japanese Army
ONE OF JAPAN ARMY (LT.JEN TOMOYUKI SHITA) The Malayan people were treated differently while Malaya

ACCESSION NO: was under Japanese rule. For instance, the Malays were
1999/0000492W not treated as poorly by the Japanese troops as the Chinese


minority was.



2.Broken policy by British colonialists
The effective action of the British colonial policy of adopting
the idea of division and order has led to inequalities between

races in terms of economic and racial polarization.

3. Different educational backgrounds

The cause of the May 13 events' explosion has
also been attributed to various educational
backgrounds. This occurred when the pre-

independence education system in Malaya was
split into four streams based on race, namely
Malay, Chinese, Indian, and English schools.




FIGURE 2:
MINISTER OF EDUCATION, ENCIK ABDUL RAHMAN, BEING RECEIVED A COURTESY
CALL BY THE SECOND BATCH OF VOLUNTEER TEACHERS, WHO HAVE BEEN SENT

BY THE VOLUNTARY SERVICE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED KINGDOM, FOR
SERVICE OF THE FEDERATION OF MALAYA


ACCESSION NO:
2001/0028249W

4.Dissatisfaction with the privileges of the Malays



The PAP has made no secret of its displeasure with the constitution's reference to the
privilege of the Malays. They assert that other races' rights have been ignored, as though

they have been denied justice.



5.Political Party Disputes

The People's Action Party (Lightning), often known as the
Singapore PAP, participated in the 1964 election. Even though
Lee Kuan Yew, the PAP leader, and Tunku have an agreement
that he won't take part in the election. However, the PAP had

nine nominees when the election was held.



FIGURE 3:
REGISTRATION FOR NATIONAL SERVICE. BRIEFING OF PROCEDURE TO MR. JUSTICE

H.T. ONG BY THE COMPTROLLER OF MANPOWER, ENCIK S. KUMAR, CHINESE
ASSEMBLY HALL REGISTRATION CENTRE, KUALA LUMPUR
ACCESSION NO:
2001/0024650W

6.Malay as the official language of the country

Language barriers play a significant role in the events of May 13 as well. A federal constitution was
created after Malaya declared its independence in 1957, and it included provisions clearly stating

Malay and English as the nation's official languages.

7.Religious and cultural differences 8.Economic problems 9. Ethnic associations


Different economic Numerous political, social, and
Most Malaysians are Muslims. While activities have produced economic groups that fight for
the Indians are Hindus, the Chinese their particular races without
are Buddhists, Lao-Tza, Taoists, and various racial income regard to other races have been
Confucians. There are also Christians, inequalities, as well as created as a result of Malaysia's
to add to that. Every race has an own discontent and unfavorable multiracial society. The race
culture as well. This lack of unity was economic competitiveness. riots on May 13, 1969, were the
Each race becomes envious greatest catastrophic incident
not caused by other religions, but of the other because of this
rather by ignorance about them, since Malaysia has ever seen. The
imbalance. incident nearly brought the
many actions taken unintentionally
have hurt the feelings of adherents of nation to destruction.


other religions.

The 1969 general election was supposed to be a routine affair, and Alliance officials had no doubt that the
Alliance would win as decisively as it had in 1964. The Alliance boasted that it could easily win more than two-
thirds of the 144 Dewan Rakyat seats, or nearly two-thirds of the 104 Peninsular Malaysia members, as well as
Kelantan and control of all other state legislatures. That optimism was destroyed, however, in the early hours

of May 11, 1969, when the results of the May 10 elections were released.



The number of seats held by government parties fell significantly, with the Alliance obtaining only 66
members in Parliament, down from 89 in 1964. It also lost Penang, came close to losing Kelantan, and came
perilously close to losing Perak, Selangor, Kedah, and Terengganu. The DAP, which arose from the People's
Action Party (PAP), obtained 13 seats in 1964, while the PAP had only one. The PAS obtained 12 seats, a three-
seat increase; the PPP received four seats, a two-seat increase; and the new Gerakan party received eight seats.
The Malays were alarmed, notwithstanding the fact that the Alliance had not lost power and that Sabah and
Sarawak had yet to make a decision. The Malays felt threatened by this change of events, fearing for their

place would be affected.



The victorious opposition celebrated with a motorcade down Kuala Lumpur's main streets, with supporters
holding brooms as a symbol of its commitment to making significant changes. They celebrated their "victories"

by parading through Kuala Lumpur, hurling insults at Malays living on the city's outskirts. They even made
rude gestures against Malay women. On May 12, Gerakan got police permission for 1,000 party members and

supporters to hold their own demonstration that evening. The word quickly spread, and the crowd grew to
4,000 people, who finally divided into smaller groups and had their own "demonstrations" away from the

control of party authorities. They, too, insulted the Malays, using phrases similar to those used by
demonstrators the day before, such as "Malays, return to your villages, we are now in charge" and "Hey

Sakai, you can go back to the bush."

Chapter 2:

HISTORY(DURING EVENT)

13 MAY, 1969 INCIDENT

DURING EVENT

The Malays were concerned and incensed following the incident on May 11 and 12, in
which the winning opposition celebrated their victory and insulted the Malays using language
that was identical to that flung by the protesters the day before. The incident happened after
the election had already been won by the winning opposition. It persisted until Tuesday, May
13, 1969, when Yeoh Tech Chye, candidate for Gerakan and president of the Malaysian
Trades Union Congress, apologized for the march's participants' persistence in being rude.
Yeoh won significantly in the Bukit Bintang neighborhood of Kuala Lumpur, but his regrets
were too late. This is due to the fact that Dato' Harun Idris, the Selangor Menteri Besar, has
declared a counter-procession to commemorate UMNO's win on May 13, 1969, at 7.30 p.m.

FIGURE 4 : 1969
KERIS-KERIS



ACCESSION NO:

2001/0027554W



MAY 13,

The UMNO procession was scheduled to begin at 7.30 p.m. on May 13th.
Though some had arrived as early as Sunday evening, Malays started to
congregate at Selangor Menteri Besar Dato' Harun Haji Idris' mansion on
Jalan Raja Muda on the fringes of Kampung Baru on May 13 morning. Some of
the Malays may have come from Perak, and they were from a variety of
Selangor areas, including Morib and Banting.

FIGURE 5:
MENTERI BESAR SELANGOR, DATUK HORMAT BIN RAFIE MENYAMPAIKAN GERAN
TANAH KEPADA PENDUDUK KAMPUNG BARU DATUK HARUN, SERENDAH, BALAI RAYA

SERENDAH, ULU SELANGOR



ACCESSION NO:
2001/0044882W



About 100 Malays from Gombak marched through Setapak, the location of the earlier protests, on May 13 at around 6 o'clock while
carrying banners and yelling slogans. They then got into street fights with Chinese and Indian teenagers, which quickly escalated into
bottle and stone-throwing. They made use of any tools they could find, including bottles, poles, iron bars, and parang. Most of the Malay
demonstrators arrived at Dato' Harun Idris' residence, where 5,000 people were gathered and had already heard inflated accounts of

what had occurred.

After some Chinese and Indian people on a passing bus made some offensive
comments about them, the vehicle was attacked. Eight Chinese people were
killed by the enraged Malay attackers. By 6.40 p.m., the first three Chinese had
passed away next to the road. As soon as the news of what transpired in Setapak
and Kampung Baru circulated, communal riots on a scale never previously seen
in the nation erupted over the entire city. It raced swiftly and erratically
through the city, reaching within half an hour Jalan Campbell, Jalan Tuanku
Abdul Rahman (Batu Road), Kampung Datuk Keramat, Kampung Pandan,
Cheras, and Kampung Kerinchi.

FIGURE 6 : Malay mobs invaded Chinese neighborhoods in
TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN PUTRA AL-HAJ the capital, setting them on fire, robbing them, and
killing people while wielding swords and daggers and

wearing white headbands that symbolized death. In
ACCESSION NO: retaliation, the Chinese attacked Malay villages with
handguns and shotguns, occasionally with the help of
2001/0027544W Indians. Massive pillars of smoke rose into the sky as

buildings, stores, and vehicles burned. As they
worked to put out the fires, snipers attacked the
After FRU troops were gone, Malay soldiers were tasked with maintaining control over firefighters, and at times, overburdened police stood
Kampung Baru. Tear gas was used to subdue the unrest. As a result of the riots' quick useless as the street gangs rampaged.
spread, Tunku was forced to impose a 24-hour curfew in the city. A 24-hour curfew for
Kuala Lumpur was announced on the radio at 7:35 p.m., and the announcement was RACIAL RIOTS
repeated on television at 8 p.m. A shoot-to-kill order was later issued by Inspector General
of Police Mohamed Salleh bin Ismael between 8.30 and 9.00 p.m. Another order to shoot to
kill was then given by General Tunku Osman Jiwa, the Chief of the Armed Forces. The
troops was sent in and entered the rioting areas at 10 o'clock. Many victims of shootings
were standing in their front or back yards or doorways. Foreign correspondents reported
seeing members of the Royal Malay Regiment fire into Chinese shop-houses seemingly at
random. Numerous lives were lost at that time.

Chapter 3:

HISTORY(AFTER EVENT)

13 MAY, 1969 INCIDENT

MAY 14, 1969

Attacks, deaths, and arson continued on May 14 (Wednesday). The situation was brought under control by security forces in
Kuala Lumpur and Petaling Jaya. Although there were only small confrontations in the morning, the scene remained tense.
At the same time, the MCA had said the night before that it would not accept any position in the new government Cabinet or
as a member of the State Legislative Assembly. Troops and military vehicles monitored Kuala Lumpur following the night of
the violent battle, which left 31 people dead and 89 injured. Over 150 automobiles, lorries, and motorcycles were allegedly
overturned and set ablaze. A 24-hour curfew was also imposed in Penang and parts of Perak. The official death toll in Kuala
Lumpur is 20, with 60 injured, some of whom are in critical condition. However, according to British reports, the death toll

will be higher than previously indicated. According to Reuter, 50 people were killed. According to police, 44 people were
killed and 150 were injured. According to the British report, the overall command and control of the security forces was

ineffective.



In reference to the May 13 tragedy, the British State Department is still investigating the origins and consequences of the
racial violence that has occurred in Kuala Lumpur over the last 48 hours. Later, Mauricehbean, Malaysia/Singapore State
Director, informed the British State Department that "this violence occurred due to some factors, including the opposition
party's overjoy, increased fear and pressure on Malays, and widespread misunderstandings about the MCA's decision to step

down from government."





Mauricehbean, Malaysia/Singapore Country Director, told us that disturbances appear to
have been triggered off by numbers of factors, including over-exuberance of position,

increased fear and tension on part of Malays and wide spread misinterpretation of MCA
decision to opt out of government. It is possible that entire sequence of events began when a
Chinese was assaulted by Malays before residence of Selangor Chief Minister. So far there
is no/no evidence that disturbances had been organized; on other hand people on both sides

appear to have armed themselves in anticipation of trouble. It also 145 appears that
members of PAP and Gerakan had roamed through Malay quarters indulging in acts of oral

insult and abuse.

MAY 15, 1969

FIGURE 7: FIGURE 8:
KAWASAN BIJIH TIMAH ORANG-ORANG CINA, KEMUNTING. LOMBONG BIJIH TIMAH KEPUNYAAN ORANG-ORANG CINA, KAMPAR.

ACCESSION NO: ACCESSION NO:
2001/0050132W 2001/0050133W

There were hints that the tension was starting to escalate on May 15 (Thursday). The Yang DiPertuan Agong issued an emergency
proclamation last night. This includes the power to enact new laws, amend existing ones, establish courts, define offenses, and

administer penalties, including the death penalty. The communist terrorists were to be blamed in the address by Tunku, which was
televised live. The National Operations Council had been established following the Yang Dipertuan Agong's proclamation of the
emergency.

Outside of Kuala Lumpur, the environment is calm and orderly. In Penang, the curfew was relaxed for three hours during the day.
In Perak, the curfew remained in effect, but in Negeri Sembilan, it was extended from 8 p.m. to 5 a.m. Kuala Lumpur is still in a
state of emergency. The Kuala Lumpur Police Force has ordered the use of all reserve forces and has handed over the northern

portion of the city to the Army. The patrol team attempted to enforce a curfew but was unsuccessful, even in broad daylight, and the
authorities are concerned about what will happen at night.

British reports stated the situation outside Kuala Lumpur on May 15 remained calm.
including in Ipoh and Penang. Despite reports of potential clashes between Chinese and Malay workers, the majority of ore miners

in Perak kept working. The Kuala Lumpur Ministry of Defense calculated that there were 70 fatalities, 268 injuries, 33 dwelling
fires, and 41 car fires in Selangor. Since 2:12 pm, there has been no fighting. 73 people were detained in Penang for breaking the
curfew, although no major altercations took place. Five people were jailed for violating the curfew. Starting on May 13, five people

was hurt, but these were isolated incidents.

According to a British account, officials were able to keep quiet on the evening of May 15, but they were unable to prevent arson
against people's property. However, the security forces' control over the situation remains shaky. However, according to subsequent

reports, "from the same source, we have received a report of a senior Malay officer arresting a Malay subaltern for looting." Tan
Sri Jamil claims that "... officers of Malaysia's armed forces were schooled in the British tradition and had no inclination to assume

a political role." The topic of security forces' activities is still being debated. According to the British assessment, "there is some
evidence that the military, but not the police, discriminated in favor of Malays when enforcing the curfew." Furthermore, Mr. Duff

stated in a statement to the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in an earlier report that the Malaysian government's security
appears to be prejudiced against Malays.

MAY 15, 1969

FIGURE 9:
SEORANG DARIPADA MANGSA KEGANASAN KOMUNIS KETIKA DARURAT.

ACCESSION NO:
1998/0007133W

More than a hundred people have reportedly died so far, according to British reports. Police refused to specify the number
of fatalities by race, although a Reuter report said more Chinese than Malays perished. In accordance with the Emergency
Law currently in effect, Tun Razak explained, he has been chosen by Tunku to head the government and rule the nation.
Tun Razak described himself as being "on a war footing" and said that the Ministry of Defense would be home to a joint
military, police, and civilian headquarters. While he does not intend to undermine Tunku's authority, he anticipates Tunku
will declare a Cabinet of Emergency Ministers to lead various ministries. When the curfew was briefly removed in Kuala
Lumpur on May 15, according to Tun Razak, things got out of hand and fighting started spreading. The curfew was then
reinstated by Tun Razak, and he has no intention of lifting it within the next two or three days. According to Tun Razak,

other states have seen relative calm with the exception of a few isolated occurrences, while Penang and Perak were still
experiencing tight conditions. He is concerned about the Kuala Lumpur neighborhood, though.

In a statement from the Australian High Commissioner, Tun Razak refuted claims that UMNO arranged the large march
through the city on May 13th. According to the British report, Tun Razak was bound to accuse the communists. A political

crisis has arisen as a result of this tragedy, which could derail the Alliance Party. The racial split in politics has grown
between the Malays and the Chinese, and it is now more pronounced. According to the British High Commissioner, there
are three outcomes that could result from this racial confrontation. A stand-alone government will be formed by UMNO
with the support of the MCA and MIC in parliament. B. Other options include additional support from members of one or
more opposition parties. C. Abandoning the Alliance Party's racial policy and seeking union with PMIP Even though this

option will give them a small majority, most UMNO leaders would rather go with a third idea.

MAY 16, 1969

FIGURE 10:
GAMBAR TUN ABDUL RAZAK HUSSEIN DENGAN AHLI MAGERAN

ACCESSION NO:
2001/0047530W

The atmosphere improved on May 16 (Friday), notwithstanding a little fire that was accidentally started. According to a report from the
British Loan Officer, the forces were able to maintain control of the situation and were successful in driving the Malays and Chinese

away during the day. Instead of simply in the north, as was originally stated, troops are now present across the Malaysian capital, Kuala
Lumpur. Up to midnight, there were a number of attacks, mostly in Petaling Jaya and the northern and eastern parts of the city. The
Selangor curfew is strictly enforced by the authorities. In delicate places, the military has been able to maintain control. According to a
police statement, 155 people have been taken into custody, bringing the total number of arrests made during the tragedy to 305.

According to official statistics, there were 89 fatalities and 272 injuries. The newly appointed Mageran member, Tan Sri Ghazali, stated
that the situation in Melaka is alarming. The Chinese killed a Malay rickshaw driver today. Tunku has already departed for Melaka to

investigate the situation.

At 10.00 pm, Tunku announced the formation of the Team National Defense Force, which will be composed of people from the public.
Young people are encouraged to join it to show their loyalty. Tunku too announced the formation of Mageran under the leadership of
Tun Razak. This body will administer the country’s public administration and security forces, which Tun Razak will lead and report to

the Tunku. Tunku also that night still blamed communist elements for the tragedy that took place.

Tunku prefaced his announcement with additional comments about the communist threat, specifically referring to communist terrorists.
The communists were blamed for getting the Chinese to vote in the election against MCA and for starting the disturbances by
demonstrating in defiance of instructions.

The editor of The Straits Times today chastised Malaysia's government for delaying the publication of all newspapers in Kuala Lumpur
and expressed the hope that this imprisonment would only last a few days. We will send daily brief stories about what is happening in
West Malaysia, even if the press detention has already occurred and the atmosphere there is still tense. Today's English-and Chinese-
language newspapers indicated that Selangor is experiencing a difficult yet stable scenario. This morning, there were numerous

automobile and residential fires in Kuala Lumpur. 89 people have now died and 300 have been injured. Orderly 24-hour curfews are still
in effect in Melaka and Kuala Lumpur. The curfew was apparently loosened in Penang after no incidents occurred overnight, and it was

reportedly improved in Perak the following morning, when it was lifted for three and a half hours.

MAY 17, 1969

FIGURE 11: The situation eased down on May 17 (Saturday)
KOMUNIS, PERAMPASAN SENJATA DAN BUKU PERSURATAN MAO TSE TUNG until 12 p.m., despite a few isolated incidents
DI PULAU PINANG. SIDANG AKHBAR OLEH TUN ABSUL RAZAK BIN HUSSEIN,
involving burning and shooting. Police believe there
KUALA LUMPUR. have been 100 fatalities. These fatalities are

ACCESSION NO: numerous, and according to Ministry of Foreign
2001/0036401W Affairs (MFA) officials, the number is rising. Report

According to British Loan officials, the ratio of
mortality between Chinese and Malay people is

significant (85 to 15).

Events on May 17th Tunku spoke once more on radio and television last night. His speech's main strategy was to keep blaming the terrorist
groups for the May 13 tragedy. He was alluding to a mission that involved both the police and the royal forces. Yesterday at midday, the
Malaysian Air Force (RMAF) captured 93 strongmen terrorists (hard core terrorists). Tun Ismail, who left his position as home minister
two years prior, also went on the air to announce that Tunku had given him the go-ahead to exercise his authority as home minister
responsibly regarding matters of homeland security. The goal of Tun Ismail's speech was to inspire confidence and win back Chinese

backing. However, he also charged in his speech that terrorist communist groups had manipulated the opposing party. However, according
to the MFA Officer's report to the diplomatic mission, there is no convincing proof that communist terrorist elements were involved in this

catastrophe, and the only reason it happened was racial animosity.



According to the Mageran study, "The claim that the Malayan Communist Party instigated turmoil on May 13 in order to gain power is
untrue." They aren't prepared to do it. However, their actions, those of Labor Party agents in Malaya, and those of 151 paid clandestine
spies, have heightened racial tension to a perilous degree. The Malayan Labor Party, which is exclusively composed of Chinese and heavily
influenced by the Malayan Communist Party, does definitely exhibit racist tendencies. Three police officers were on patrol on May 4, 1969,
when they came across a group of Malayan Labor Party youngsters writing anti-choice graffiti in Kepong. The young guys persisted in

attacking them with iron sticks and catapulting them with metal pieces even after being questioned. The spy had to use self-defense
shooting. One of the young men who was hurt as a result passed away in the hospital.



The Labor Party preserved the worker's body and planned to plant it with a large parade on election day so the election would be
disturbed, in contrast to the funeral of UMNO workers who were killed in Penang, which was performed calmly and respectfully. The body

was kept in the refrigerator for this purpose. The police approved the parade on May 9 rather than May 10, and even that was only for a
tiny group of no more than a few hundred individuals. Additionally, this procession must travel on a route that won't impede Kuala
Lumpur traffic. Instructions Those components did not follow the police's orders. Instead, they argue that there were around 10,000

individuals in the massive procession. They marched across the centre of Kuala Lumpur while defying all orders from the police. They
displayed images of Mao Tse Tung and the communist flag while they sang "the East is read" (the east is communist) and chanted Mao's
catchphrase. The procession irritated Malaysians who were standing by the side of the road with signs that read "Malai si" (Malays die)
and other offensive phrases as it marched through the heart of Kuala Lumpur. "Blood debt is paid in blood". Foreign journalists were
stopped this morning while operating under a curfew that begins on May 17th. The International Ministry then criticized this and said that

foreign organizations had inflated their reporting.

MAY 18, 1969

The situation remained calm on May 18 (Sunday), and nothing major occurred. According to the results of yesterday's survey, the
disaster was concentrated in the northern city of Kuala Lumpur, but there were several incidences in the western region.

Extremist organizations on both sides are likely to commit violence in this area on a regular basis. However, military operations to
remove them continue. No violence happened within three hours of the curfew being lifted yesterday, and the curfew remains in
effect from seven to ten o'clock.

MAY 20, 1969

A report from Britain was released on May 20 (Tuesday), and it included the headlines from local media. The long-awaited announcement that
curfews will continue to be loosened in the nation's capital as well as in Selangor was reported by The Straits Times. The fact that Kuala Lumpur,
which served as the center and focus of the beginning of this catastrophe, is currently in a scenario that is steadily improving, is one thing that can
definitively establish that there is no threat to national security. According to the most recent report from the government of Malaysia, there have
been 147 people confirmed killed, 321 people admitted to hospitals, and 3,052 people arrested. According to the official statement released by the
state government, "the bulk of the arrests are curfew offenders and rumor mongers, as well as individuals who have been inciting the fomenting

of communal conflict." In addition, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs reported that there could be as many as 5,000–10,000 refugees in Kuala
Lumpur alone, the majority of whom are Chinese and Malay.

MAY 21, 1969

Tan Siew Sin issued a statement on May 21 (Wednesday) through a press release from the Malaysian Information
Department, giving good news about the development that began to return to normal in economic activity and the supply and
manufacture of materials in the area that had previously been involved with violence. Shops and supermarkets have reopened,

allowing society to shop in peace. He also informed us that the multipurpose store on Jalan Maxwell in Kuala Lumpur will
open at 6.30 a.m. tomorrow. The residents of Kuala Lumpur and Petaling Jaya will receive a large quantity of raw materials.
A Supply Coordination Center Committee was formed to ensure that food and commodity deliveries operate smoothly and

that economic activity returns to normal. Aside from that, he informed us that the majority of rubber estates have begun
production and has requested that the Rubber Trade Association inform its members to continue purchasing rubber from
smallholder and plantation operators. I will not add that the curfew has been lifted, making it possible for rubber tappers to

tap. He also urged the manufacturing industries in Kuala Lumpur, Petaling Jaya, and Klang to resume operations.

Chapter 4:

IMPACTS

13 MAY, 1969 INCIDENT

CHAPTER 4 - IMPACTS

The monarch of Malaysia and the country's political leaders continue to be concerned about racial relations fifty
years after violent race riots threatened to split the nation apart. A lot of people had hoped that the government
would act quickly to implement changes to reduce racial tensions. May will always be remembered as the month
that commemorated the 50th anniversary of the bloody riots that broke out in Malaysia on May 13, 1969 and
claimed nearly 200 lives, many of them Chinese, according to official statistics, though diplomatic sources at the
time suggested that the actual death toll may have been closer to 600. The tragic blood event in Kuala Lumpur
has caused many Malaysians to reflect on how important it is for our country's multiracial society to maintain
peace and harmony. Below are explanation about the impacts from the tragedy:

1) Posters to remind Malaysian about the
tragedy.

One of the impacts is government started to
spread posters yearly to all over Malaysia as a
reminder of that blood tragedy and also posters
that related in developing a better and united
community. As shown on the figure, it is the
examples of posters that were published by the
National Policy Publication Department. They
only produce quality publications on national
policies and visions. The department also ensures
authoritative publications on the philosophy,
policy and vision of the country towards the
achievement of the department's goals.

FIGURE: POSTER TERBITAN BAHAGIAN PENERBITAN JABATAN PENERANGAN
Accession No: 2001/0052058W

A main fellow of the Institute of Ethnic Studies of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
Prof Datuk Dr Teo Kok Seong statement in Sinar Harian on 09 july 2022, the lessons
from the events of the past 50 years are important not only for the people in terms of
harmony, but to enhance the country's progress. "The May 13 incident serves as a
reminder of the truth of the proverb of losing to ashes, winning to charcoal because
the conflict is detrimental to all races, besides affecting the country's image on the
international stage," he explained.

In addition to altering legislation, the riots also caused extensive suffering among those who observed, survived, and lost loved ones
in the riot. Malaysia is hardly not the only country struggling with the scars of its past. In order to move past apartheid and
toward forgiveness, South Africa staged truth and reconciliation hearings, whereas Germany pursued punitive measures to hold
Nazi criminals accountable. Therefore, experts believe Malaysia may benefit from other countries' experiences in dealing with
trauma, but it must develop a solution that works for its own situation. After fifty years, Malaysia has to find a way to mend and
advance. Next, the impacts is as shown below:

2) Any speech made on yearly national events must
include reminder of the incident

FIGURE: LAUNCHING CEREMONY: "SAYA ANAK MALAYSIA CAMPAIGN" Malaysia celebrates Independence Day annually with a lot
INAUGURATION BY MINISTER OF NATIONAL UNITY DATO' SITI ZAHARAH of ceremony and splendour, symbolising the harmony of
Malaysians of all races and creeds. Flags and dazzling
BINTI SULAIMAN AT PUTRA BUKIT JALIL STADIUM lights are used to decorate towns and cities around the
Accession No: 2008/0014525W nation. Office buildings, residences, and even cars fly the
Malaysian flag with pride in a sense of patriotism. During
the celebration, when there were multi-racial been
gathered, the government takes this opportunity to remind
the society regarding the 13 May blood incident which led
to racial division. The prime minister especially will
remind about the importance of being united and
harmony as one community and family living in the same
country. This blood tragedy in history is cloaked in secrecy
and taboo because of how unpleasant it is.

There are a lot of differences during celebration of the Independence Day on 31 August today.
In terms of spirit and technology, the governments also instead of reminding the community,
they will spread the awareness regarding the incident on radio streaming, television and even
on digital newspaper. In spite of the fact that it has been fifty years after the riots, people
continue to share a number of tales with Malaysians who were born afterward in the hopes
that they may serve as a lesson for the present and our shared future.

INCIDENTS IN
MALAYSIA

Lastly, the impact from the incident is

3) Events were being held to share more about history of Kuala
Lumpur which include the incident on 13 May 1969.

FIGURE: THE STORY OF KUALA LUMPUR'S HISTORY AT THE KUALA LUMPUR On 18 October 1995, The Story of Kuala Lumpur's History at the
MEMORIAL LIBRARY ON 18 OCTOBER 1995. Kuala Lumpur Memorial Library is one of the events that been
Accession No: 1998/0016910W held and as a reminder to the incident. The first Malayan flag
was flown in 1957 on the grounds of the cricket field at Merdeka
FIGURE: THE STORY OF KUALA LUMPUR'S HISTORY AT THE KUALA LUMPUR Square to celebrate the nation's independence from British
MEMORIAL LIBRARY ON 18 OCTOBER 1995. control, giving Kuala Lumpur, often known as KL, historical
Accession No: 1998/0016915W importance. In 1974, Kuala Lumpur officially became an
independent state known as the Federal Territory after being
officially separated from its mother state of Selangor. Due to the
state's past, which left an indelible stamp on the history of the
country, the majority of historical national events or programmes
were conducted in Kuala Lumpur.

The event highlighted about the development of Kuala Lumpur
and also there were a sharing session about few incidents that
happened in KL. One of the incidents highlighted was the tragedy
on 13 May 1969. Everyone in Malaysia is aware of this day, and
up until this point, we have been informed that it was a dreadful
period for Malaysia, a dishonourable chapter in our glorious
national history, and an incident that people should be afraid of
happening again.

The event clearly shows that their objective is to develop spirit
unity and harmony, rather than fear and hatred. In fact, the
citizens at the same time were finding ways to remember that
fateful day on 13 May so that the date can be a source of
reconciliation among the Malaysians.

13 MAY,1969

Chapter 5:

NOTABLE INDIVIDUAL

13 MAY, 1969 INCIDENT

NOTABLE INDIVIDUAL

TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN

Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Alhaj was born on FIGURE 16:
February 8, 1903, in Alor Star, Kedah, Malaysia, TUN ABDUL RAZAK BIN HUSSEIN, DURING
and died in Kuala Lumpur on December 6, 1990. THE PILIHANRAYA IN PEKAN PAHANG, 1969.
He was the first prime minister of independent
Malaysia (1957-70), and his leadership was ACCESION NO: 2001/0037532W
important in establishing the newly formed
government. And Tunku Abdul Rahman said that he had been granted
the power to declare an emergency in all areas of the state
On May 13, 1969, when Tunku Abdul Rahman to preserve the country's peace, life, and property. Tunku
arrived at the RTM station at 10.30 pm, he talked Abdul Rahman followed up by saying that it was his
on television by interrupting a popular program. obligation and that he would use his position to the best of
his abilities.
According to Tunku Abdul Rahman, unwanted
situations have already happened in Kuala At that time, Tunku Abdul Rahman requests the assistance
Lumpur, and security forces have already taken of all responsible parties in collaborating with security
strong control in all areas and on street corners. officers to help preserve peace in our nation and among
Under such conditions, he was forced to declare a our people. There was no reason for what occurred, and
State of Emergency in Kuala Lumpur, and a we don't want what the opposite political party did
curfew was implemented. yesterday (May 13, 1969), and he accuses them of starting
that terrible, frightening occurrence. But Tunku Abdul
Rahman said that revenge is pointless.

All those in charge must act in their best interests Tunku Abdul Rahman said he felt very upset
to ensure this does not happen again. Tunku Abdul
Rahman also mentioned that he wants every area over what had happened because he claimed
to develop a goodwill committee to ensure safety
and a feeling of awareness between races. that for two months, he had traveled around

Tunku Abdul Rahman continues, "This nation giving lectures and reminded all people of the
relies on us, Malaysian citizens." Tunku Abdul
Rahman also requested that everyone who is anti-racial propaganda. Anti-racial
truthful and loyal to him take care of the nation so
that risky situations do not emerge. propaganda has the potential to incite major
.
conflicts between all countries and the people

of this country.

He believes that since our nation is multi-
racial, this should occur. This kind of fight
should and has previously occurred, however
briefly.

TUN ABDUL RAZAK HUSSIEN FIGURE 17:

Tun Abdul Razak Bin Datuk Hussein was born in Kampung Keladi, Pekan, Pahang TIMBALAN PERDANA MENTERI, TUN ABDUL
on 11 March 1922. Around 1956, he served as Deputy Prime Minister, and In 1970, RAZAK BIN HAJI HUSSEIN DI KUALA LUMPUR,
he was appointed as Prime Minister.
1969.
Tun Abdul Razak Hussein attempted to deal with the tragedy of May 13, 1969, ACCESSION NO: 2001/0037556W
while maintaining Malay politics, racial harmony, and Malaysian security in mind.
He established MAGERAN without waiting for Tunku Abdul Rahman, who was in
Penang then.

Tun Abdul Razak made this action because he believed Tunku Abdul Rahman was
attempting to be tolerant in the face of this tragedy. However, this arrangement can
potentially trigger the Malays' political position. Act as MAGERAN's Director, and
Abdullah Haji Ahmad Badawi as MAGERAN's Secretary. This situation has
created an environment of order and confinement in Malaysia.
.

Tun Abdul Razak stated that it must take immediate efforts to prevent racial riots from
spreading nationwide. Tun Abdul Razak made this action right before the military took control
of Malaysia's governance.

Tun Abdul Razak Hussein took major steps to make sure that such an event does not happen
again by establishing a form of greater and more effective multi-racial political cooperation,
which is merging Malaysian political parties into a new coalition called Barisan Nasional,
which includes UMNO, MCA, MIC, PAS, Gerakan, as well as PPP.

Inviting PAS into this coalition was a smart During the May 13 incident, Tun Abdul
decision by Tun Abdul Razak Hussein to boost Razak Hussein openly declared
the Malays' political voice. This action also MAGERAN, putting Malaysia under a
survived the Malays' politics in their homeland. state of emergency and curfew. It
Joining non-Malay parties is also considered a attempts to relieve sentiments of
contribution to the people's solidarity and the dissatisfaction among all races rapidly,
nation's harmony, allowing them to be more and its objective is to keep the situation
precise and united. under control so that it does not spread
throughout the nation.
Because of the uniting of the Malays, notably
UMNO and PAS, who had been opponents of If quick action is not taken, the situation
tradition since independence, the successful may be irreversible and detrimental to all
formation of the Barisan Nasional coalition in parties. At the same time, he believed
1974 was a major sacrifice made by all parties. that the Malay political survival should
Similarly, the success of a coalition of non- be restored immediately by merging the
Malay parties like the MCA, MIC, Gerakan, and Malay parties. As a result, it is an idea,
PPP is extremely useful since it may strengthen and a new political coalition has been
non-Malay connections, which were disturbed formed.
by Singapore's participation with the Party
People Action Party (PAP) from 1963 to 1965.

Tun Abdul Razak Hussein took steps to
merge Malay political parties into a new

initiative after realizing the Malays'
political position had been increasingly
threatened since before independence. It

also attempts to minimize the rise of
racist political activities in Malaysia.

FIGURE 18: After May 13, 1969, the Government drafted and
DASAR EKONOMI BARU, THE PRIME MINISTER AND DEPUTY PRIME emphasized several policies in the socio-economic
MINISTER, DELIVERED A BRIEFING TO THE CHAIRMAN OF THE BODY field that led to unity and multi-racial community
harmony as well as national integration. Under the
STATUTORY IN THE OPERATION ROOM. leadership of Tun Abdul Razak Hussein, various
ACCESSION NO: 2001/0043298W policies were introduced, such as Policy National
Education, National Cultural Policy, and New
These policies were strengthened further by Economic Policy (Dasar Ekonomi Baharu).
presenting 'Rukun Negara' as a national
ideology, and attempts to limit its political It aims to decrease poverty, regardless of race, and
acts that may separate the people culminated to restructure society so that the nation may
in establishing the Barisan Nasional coalition. develop peacefully and securely, with the benefits
Several more policies were developed as a of progress enjoyed by everyone. Society is being
follow-up action to complement and restructured, so racial types are no longer connected
strengthen Malaysia's nation-building with economic activity. This two-pronged strategy
initiatives. Among these are the State focuses on initiatives to increase the income of the
Development Policy, the State Vision Policy, poor and rural people, modernize the agricultural
and the State Social Policy. sector, develop educational standards, establish
Bumiputera commercial groups, and expand
corporate equity holdings in Native.

DATO' HARUN IDRIS

FIGURE 19: Following that, on the evening of May 13, 1969,
THE CHIEF MINISTER OF SELANGOR, DATO HAJI HARUN Selangor UMNO called on its members to come and
BIN HAJI IDRIS AT THE KADHI'S OFFICE, KAMPUNG DATOK gather at the house of the then chief minister of
Selangor, Dato` Harun Idris, to hold a counter-march
KERAMAT, KUALA LUMPUR, 1969. where they did not lose but just lacked a majority but
ACCESSION NO: 2001/0037555W could still form a government. According to a report
by a police officer, that evening, a group of Malays
Datuk Seri Harun Bin Idris was born from Gombak who passed by Setapak was attacked
on 22nd Decemeber 1925. He became by the Chinese.
Selangor's minister for twelve years,
from 1964 until 1976. Those who escaped the attack went to the chief
minister's house and conveyed the news.
Immediately, the Malays who were gathered there
took retaliation, then began a fight between the races
named the May 13, 1969 incident. There are also
historical sources who say that the real events related
to the May 13 incident had already started in Penang
not long before that. This event was associated with a
response in the form of sympathy of the Chinese
extremist youth to the communist struggle.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, this flip book has a lot of disturbing information on the tragic events on May 13, 1969. This
sad historical episode is cloaked in secrecy and prohibition because it is so traumatic. We are sharing
various stories for Malaysians who were born after the riots fifty years ago today in the hopes that they
may serve as a lesson for us all now and in the years to come. Three days had passed since Malaysia's third
general election when the violent riots in Kuala Lumpur took place. After the election of May 10, 1969,
ongoing hostility between the native Malay people and the Chinese population broke out in violence. On
the day of the tragedy, the city was immediately overrun by violence. As mentioned on the preceding page,
hundreds of people died during the following several days, and Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia's first
prime minister, was forced to resign. The New Economic Policy (NEP), which sought to abolish poverty
for all Malaysians and diminish and ultimately remove identification of race by economic function and
geographic location, was finally implemented as a result of the riot.

The tragedy is still mainly secret and whispered about, thus the sorrow endures in the hearts of the victims
and their relatives. In addition to improving legislation, the riots also caused extensive suffering among
those who observed, survived, and lost loved ones in the riot tragedy. Other nations have succeeded in
overcoming their troubled pasts; Malaysia is not the only country that has experienced historical trauma.
In order to foster peace among its many racial communities, Malaysia organised truth and reconciliation
sessions.




In a short, the administration has succeeded with it. While racial
tensions may not have completely gone, they have been controlled
and covered by economic prosperity. All of the many racial
communities have been able to profit from this in some way and
have some optimism for the future. In comparison to much of
Southeast Asia, Malaysia has been fortunate to have a pretty high-
quality government and a very good court system.

LIST OF ARCHIVAL MATERIALS

FILE Accession Number Description
No 1999/0000492W
1 ONE OF JAPAN ARMY (LT.JEN TOMOYUKI SHITA)
2001/0028249W
2 MINISTER OF EDUCATION, ENCIK ABDUL RAHMAN, BEING
2001/0024650W  RECEIVED A COURTESY CALL BY THE SECOND BATCH OF
3 2001/0027554W VOLUNTEER TEACHERS, WHO HAVE BEEN SENT BY THE
4 2001/0044882W VOLUNTARY SERVICE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED KINGDOM,
5 2001/0027544W
6 2001/0050132W FOR SERVICE OF THE FEDERATION OF MALAYA
7 2001/0050133W
8 1998/0007133W REGISTRATION FOR NATIONAL SERVICE. BRIEFING OF PROCEDURE
9 2001/0047530W TO MR. JUSTICE H.T. ONG BY THE COMPTROLLER OF MANPOWER,
10
ENCIK S. KUMAR, CHINESE ASSEMBLY HALL REGISTRATION
CENTRE, KUALA LUMPUR

KERIS-KERIS

MENTERI BESAR SELANGOR, DATUK HORMAT BIN RAFIE
MENYAMPAIKAN GERAN TANAH KEPADA PENDUDUK KAMPUNG
BARU DATUK HARUN, SERENDAH, BALAI RAYA SERENDAH, ULU

SELANGOR

TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN PUTRA AL-HAJ

KAWASAN BIJIH TIMAH ORANG-ORANG CINA, KEMUNTING

LOMBONG BIJIH TIMAH KEPUNYAAN ORANG-ORANG CINA,
KAMPAR

SEORANG DARIPADA MANGSA KEGANASAN KOMUNIS KETIKA
DARURAT

GAMBAR TUN ABDUL RAZAK HUSSEIN DENGAN AHLI MAGERAN

FILE Accession Number Description
No 2001/0036401W
11 KOMUNIS, PERAMPASAN SENJATA DAN BUKU PERSURATAN MAO
TSE TUNG DI PULAU PINANG. SIDANG AKHBAR OLEH TUN ABSUL
12 2001/0052058W
RAZAK BIN HUSSEIN, KUALA LUMPUR
13 2008/0014525W
14 1998/0016910W POSTER TERBITAN BAHAGIAN PENERBITAN JABATAN
15 1998/0016915W PENERANGAN
16 2001/0037532W
17 2001/0037556W LAUNCHING CEREMONY: "SAYA ANAK MALAYSIA CAMPAIGN"
18 2001/0043298W INAUGURATION BY MINISTER OF NATIONAL UNITY DATO' SITI
ZAHARAH BINTI SULAIMAN AT PUTRA BUKIT JALIL STADIUM
19 2001/0037555W
THE STORY OF KUALA LUMPUR'S HISTORY AT THE KUALA
LUMPUR MEMORIAL LIBRARY ON 18 OCTOBER 1995

THE STORY OF KUALA LUMPUR'S HISTORY AT THE KUALA
LUMPUR MEMORIAL LIBRARY ON 18 OCTOBER 1995

TUN ABDUL RAZAK BIN HUSSEIN, DURING THE PILIHANRAYA IN
PEKAN PAHANG, 1969

TIMBALAN PERDANA MENTERI, TUN ABDUL RAZAK BIN HAJI
HUSSEIN DI KUALA LUMPUR, 1969.

DASAR EKONOMI BARU, THE PRIME MINISTER AND DEPUTY PRIME
MINISTER, DELIVERED A BRIEFING TO THE CHAIRMAN OF THE
BODY STATUTORY IN THE OPERATION ROOM.

THE CHIEF MINISTER OF SELANGOR, DATO HAJI HARUN BIN HAJI
IDRIS AT THE KADHI'S OFFICE, KAMPUNG DATOK KERAMAT,
KUALA LUMPUR, 1969.

LIST OF FIGURES

No Figure Description

1 Figure 1 ONE OF JAPAN ARMY (LT.JEN TOMOYUKI SHITA)

MINISTER OF EDUCATION, ENCIK ABDUL RAHMAN, BEING

RECEIVED A COURTESY CALL BY THE SECOND BATCH OF

2 Figure 2 VOLUNTEER TEACHERS, WHO HAVE BEEN SENT BY THE

VOLUNTARY SERVICE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED KINGDOM,

FOR SERVICE OF THE FEDERATION OF MALAYA

REGISTRATION FOR NATIONAL SERVICE. BRIEFING OF PROCEDURE

3 Figure 3 TO MR. JUSTICE H.T. ONG BY THE COMPTROLLER OF MANPOWER,
ENCIK S. KUMAR, CHINESE ASSEMBLY HALL REGISTRATION

CENTRE, KUALA LUMPUR

4 Figure 4 KERIS-KERIS

MENTERI BESAR SELANGOR, DATUK HORMAT BIN RAFIE

5 Figure 5 MENYAMPAIKAN GERAN TANAH KEPADA PENDUDUK KAMPUNG
BARU DATUK HARUN, SERENDAH, BALAI RAYA SERENDAH, ULU

SELANGOR

6 Figure 6 TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN PUTRA AL-HAJ

7 Figure 7 KAWASAN BIJIH TIMAH ORANG-ORANG CINA, KEMUNTING

8 Figure 8 LOMBONG BIJIH TIMAH KEPUNYAAN ORANG-ORANG CINA,
KAMPAR

9 Figure 9 SEORANG DARIPADA MANGSA KEGANASAN KOMUNIS KETIKA
DARURAT

10 Figure 10 GAMBAR TUN ABDUL RAZAK HUSSEIN DENGAN AHLI MAGERAN

No Figure Description

KOMUNIS, PERAMPASAN SENJATA DAN BUKU PERSURATAN MAO

11 Figure 11 TSE TUNG DI PULAU PINANG. SIDANG AKHBAR OLEH TUN ABSUL

RAZAK BIN HUSSEIN, KUALA LUMPUR

12 Figure 12 POSTER TERBITAN BAHAGIAN PENERBITAN JABATAN
PENERANGAN

LAUNCHING CEREMONY: "SAYA ANAK MALAYSIA CAMPAIGN"

13 Figure 13 INAUGURATION BY MINISTER OF NATIONAL UNITY DATO' SITI

ZAHARAH BINTI SULAIMAN AT PUTRA BUKIT JALIL STADIUM

14 Figure 14 THE STORY OF KUALA LUMPUR'S HISTORY AT THE KUALA
LUMPUR MEMORIAL LIBRARY ON 18 OCTOBER 1995

15 Figure 15 THE STORY OF KUALA LUMPUR'S HISTORY AT THE KUALA
LUMPUR MEMORIAL LIBRARY ON 18 OCTOBER 1995

16 Figure 16 TUN ABDUL RAZAK BIN HUSSEIN, DURING THE PILIHANRAYA IN
PEKAN PAHANG, 1969

17 Figure 17 TIMBALAN PERDANA MENTERI, TUN ABDUL RAZAK BIN HAJI
HUSSEIN DI KUALA LUMPUR, 1969.

DASAR EKONOMI BARU, THE PRIME MINISTER AND DEPUTY PRIME

18 Figure 18 MINISTER, DELIVERED A BRIEFING TO THE CHAIRMAN OF THE

BODY STATUTORY IN THE OPERATION ROOM.

THE CHIEF MINISTER OF SELANGOR, DATO HAJI HARUN BIN HAJI

19 Figure 19 IDRIS AT THE KADHI'S OFFICE, KAMPUNG DATOK KERAMAT,

KUALA LUMPUR, 1969.

INDEXES

A 11, 16 J 7 R 6, 27
Alliance Official India 8 Rukun Negara 9
Alor Setar 23 7, 8, 11 Registration Center
14, 15,16,17,18,22 J
B 12 Japanese Army S 9,11, 14, 26
British colonial 13 Singapore 11, 12, 14, 15, 17, 19, 22,
British 12,30,32 K Selangor 28
Bukit Bintang 15, 30, 32 Kelantan
Batu road 19
Balai raya 27 L T 6
Bijih Timah 25, 26,27 Language The General Election
Britain
Body Statutory 6, 7,8, 9,10,12,1314, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 28, 29,30, 32 9, 17
Barisan Nasional 10
12 M 3 U 12, 16, 18, 25, 26,28, 35
C 13, 14, 28,31,33 Majlis Gerakan Negara 6 UMNO 8, 30, 32
Chinese 14, 16 Ministry of Information 6, 17, 18, 25, 30, 32, 35 United Kingdom
Christian 18, MAGERAN
Cheras 27, 31, 33 Muslim 10 V
Chief 15 Voluntary Services Organization 8
Cabinet
Communist Party N 21 Y 15, 35
Chairman Nazi Yang Dipertuan Agong
Commonwealth
P


Parti Tindakan Demokratik 4

People Action Parti 4. 26

D Parti Islam Semelaysia 4

Dasar Ekonomi Baru 4, 27, 31,33 Parti Gerakan Rakyat 4

Dewan Rakyat 11 People Progresif Party (PPP) 7, 11, 25. 26

Dato 12, 21, 28, 31, 33 Politicians 6

Deputy Prime Minister 25, 27, 31, 33 peninsular 11

Penang 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 25, 28

E 8, 27, 30, 32
Education 8, 9, 17
English 6, 7, 10, 20
Ethnic 19,28,
Extremist

F 8, 30, 32
Federation of Malaya
Firefighters 13

G 4, 6, 11, 14
Gerakan 12, 28
Gombak 21
Germany

H 16, 18, 21, 26
Home

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Thank you