Bailey Complete Folio_Bailey Cox

2020 | Bailey Cox

#1 18204962A

- End-user Profile #3
- Primary Research #4-6

- Design Brief #7
- Evaluation Criteria #8-9

#2 18204962A

Primary Research

The Problem

The end-users current house has been affected by a passing hail storm which took place on the 19th of January which
left the house seriously damaged in certain areas. In particular the pool area, which saw all the outdoor furniture
damaged beyond repair. With the outdoor furniture in a state where it now poses a safety risk to users the end-user
has been left with no place for themselves and guests to sit and relax by the pool. Since the previous chairs were
constructed using a inferior material is import the new product is made of strong lasting materials that can with stand
future storms Rates of anxiety and depression are rapidly on the rise across the globe with 1 in 13 people globally
suffering with depression and 7% dealing with anxiety .(https://ourworldindata.org/mental-health) A stressful working and home life is a
large contributor to the rates of depression. If the people suffering from these mental health conditions had a place to
sit, relax and unwind it could potentially help with battling their depression and anxiety.

https://ourworldindata.org/mental-health 18204962A

https://ourworldindata.org/mental-health

#3

End-User Profile 18204962A

Sheridan Buckley

Age: 50

Gender: Female

Budget: 300
Background: My End-user is Sheridan Buckley a married mother of three children

(two girls and one boy). Sheridan grew up in Viewbank and attended Rosanna
East High School now named Viewbank College. Sheridan studied pharmacy
at Monash University and currently works at MyChemist as well as a relief
teacher.

Ethical, Sustainable or Social Concerns: It is important to my end-user that the product is

made of high quality materials to ensure a lasting life of the product. The
product will be displayed in an open space used by children of all ages so its
vital that the product is made to meet all safety standards.

Colour and Material Preferences: My end-user would like to work with materials that

withstand UV as the product will be outdoors, as well as lights natural tones of
wood with visible grain as it would match the tiles or have the product stained
black to match the existing furniture

Tastes & Styles: Sheridan tastes include clean lines as well as natural look. Sheridan

would also like to incorporate a unique design of the product to stand out
against similar products.

#4

Primary Research

I have asked my end-user a series of questions to come to a better understanding of what their wants, needs are preferences are when designing a product.
These questions have given me a criteria to follow and standards to meet when designing the product.

Question Answer

What is the problem? My outdoor furniture has recently been damaged in a hail
storm, and now we don’t have a safe place to sit and relax

Where will the product be? The product will be used outside by the open pool area

Who will be using the product? The product will be used by people of all ages and weights as
its an open are that is accessed by family member and guests

How would you like the product to appear? I would like the product to match the setting or the previous
What materials would you like to work with? outdoor furniture as the sun lounges are still useable and
When do you want the product to be completed by? would like them to match
The materials used would need to be suitable for outdoor
conditions, I would like to work with a light wood with a faint
grain
I would like the product to be completed by early September

What is the most important aspect of the product for Safety is a massive aspect as young kids and elders will be
you? (safety, design) using this space and I wont hate from them to injure them
selves on the product

What weather conditions will the product face? The product will have to endure extreme heat, heavy rain, UV
and hail

How often will the product be used? The product will be used seasonally, with little use in winter
by will be used almost every day in summer

The information provided by this research has led me to the conclusion that my end-user needs a product that will sit by the pool providing a place for users
and guest to sit and relax. This information will also serve as a guide of what requirements need to be met

#5 18204962A

Primary Research Do you want contrasting colours in the final product?

3.5 The family of the end-user was quizzed on if they would like contrasting colours
3 in the chair design and the results are displayed in a bar chair to the left, with
majority of the family electing to have contrasting colours incorporated into the
2.5 final design of the product
2
How many colours do want incorporated into the design?
1.5
1 The pie chart on the left displays the results from a survey conducted on the end-
users family, they were asked how many colours they would like to have featured in
0.5 the design, with the most common answer being 2 closely followed by 1
0
Contrasting

Yes No

1234

3.5

3 How much weight will the chair be required to hold?

2.5 The end-user and their family was asked about how much weight the
2 chair will be required to hold based of who will be using the product and

1.5 approximately how much they weigh.
1

0.5

0
Weight in KG

80-90 90-100 100+

The information provided by this research has led me to the conclusion that my end-user needs a product that will sit by the pool providing a place for users
and guest to sit and relax. This information will also serve as a guide of what requirements need to be met

#6 18204962A

Design Brief

A design brief is going to bring a understanding to myself of what the end-user requires, wants, how they want the product to look and be
produced as well as gain an idea of who will be using the product

My research has lead me to design, plan and construct a piece of outdoor furniture that will sit by the pool for my end-user
Sheridan Buckley providing a place for pool users and guest to sit, relax as well as hold miscellaneous items such as food, drinks,
towels and clothes. Sheridan is a mother of three, wife and part-time pharmacist. She requires an outdoor couch/chair as her
previous one has damaged in a hail storm and now posses a risk if used to users. The piece of furniture will by used seasonally
with heavy using being in summer.
Ms Buckley has stated that she requires a piece of pool side furniture that can hold two grown adults as well as be visually
appealing by matching the existing setting (tiles, house, coffee table). Sheridan has also stated that she would like the material to
be light and movable so it can be moved around the pool/house

We will also look to incorporate a side table that runs the length of the couch to hold miscellaneous items as well the use of a
unique, interesting design that that visually matches the environment and enhances the setting. The end product is likely to be
built out to sandstone alike woods in order to fit in. My End-user is looking to support the local timber industry as well as use
wood and materials that are sustainable and responsibly sourced.

Sheridan is looking to spent no more than x on the final product and expects to be completed in September. The materials we will
use will have to suitable for outdoor use including high UV, high temperatures as well as rain and hail. New technologies with be
used to aid with joining the chair in order to hide the joints.

Since the chair/couch will be used in an open space used by people of all ages its vital that we meet the Australian Standards for
fixed height chairs. The end-products will under go testing outlined the Australian Standards to ensure the chair is meets safety
standards. Key
Purpose , function, context, User centred design, Innovation & Considerations
Constraints creativity, Visual, tactile. Aesthetic, Sustainability Economics,
These are what the end-user would like to be
These are what the end-user has a stated must or Legal responsibilities Materials, Technologies featured in the design
have to be incorporated in the design
Quality Statement - A comfortable chair to sit in
- Size (not bigger then 1000x1500) The product must be made to a very high standard to - Light and moveable
- Materials must be UV Protective ensure it lives a long lasting life and doesn’t need to
be replaced an time soon. The product will be used
outside, so materials used must be of high standard
- Colour to match setting and suitable for outdoor conditions. The product must - A Morden design

- Must hold at least 100kg meet the Australian Standards to ensure safety as the - A unique design
product will be used by people of all ages and weights

#7 18204962A

Evaluation Criteria

The purpose of the evaluation criteria is to provide the designer with a way to evaluate possible design option and help select the final
design as well as understand the end-user constraints and consideration. The evaluation criteria will also be used to evaluate the final

product.

Product Design Criteria Question Justification What product design How to check the End-User Comment
Factor processes are relevant product has met the

criteria

Purpose, Function Does the product This is important as The design process By designing the “I need the product to
& Context comfortably hold an the as product is relevant here are chair/couch keeping hold one large adult
User-Centred adults? required to hold two research and in mind that it needs comfortable”
Design Does the product grown adults visualisations to hold two people,
fulfil the end-users then it can under go “I would like the
Innovation and requirements? Its important that Research and design a weight test product to match
Creativity Does the product the product built options are both key This can be checked environment and
Visual Tactile and incorporate a unique fulfils the end-users design processes by seeking feedback landscaping”
Aesthetics design that meets requirements in here. from the end-user as “I would like something
the end-users need? order to satisfy the well as referring to that is unique. A one of
#8 Does the products end-user Research and design the design brief a kind piece that does
aesthetics match the The products unique options are design By researching other not look like it is mass
style of the outdoor design will set it process that will products and produced.”
area? apart from similar look at similar comparing them to “Needs to compliment
products as well as product and make yours existing furniture and
making it a talking yours stand out landscaping design. No
point for guests Research to find By placing to bright colours or
The product needs suitable materials product in the given futuristic designs”
to match the and finishes that will setting and visually
environment so it match the given checking to see if it 18204962A
blends in and environment look out of place
doesn’t look out of
place

Evaluation Criteria

Product Design Criteria Question Justification What product design How to check the End-User Comment
Factor processes are relevant product has met the

criteria

Sustainability Are the materials The product need to Research to find By looking into all “I would like to ethically
used sustainable or be sustainable in suitable and products used source materials as
reasonably sourced? order to look after sustainable checking if they are wells as use sustainable
the environment materials sustainable materials”

Economics Was the product The budget has been Scheduled By researching costs “The budget is
completed under set and must not go production plan to of materials ahead approximately $300
budget and in time? over as well as be ensure its completed of time though can be
completed on time on time and research increased if necessary
to produce a quality
product”

Legal Does the product The product must Research relating to To ensure the “you need to meet
Responsibilities meet safety meet AS to ensure material properties product has met the safety standards, hold a
standards out lined its safe to use and including strength AS it will have to large adult weight and
by the Australian can hold the and durability undergo a weight not pose any safety risk
Standards (AS)? required weight test to children”

Materials Are the materials The product will be Research of suitable By conducting “The product needs to
able to with-stand placed outdoors and outdoor materials relevant research withstand varying
outdoor conditions? the materials will be into the materials weather conditions-
required to hold up and look how they rain, hail, full sun.
hold up over time Locally sourced
material are preferable

Technologies Have new The process outlined Production of the By following the “I would like the most
technologies been in the brief must be product using production plan will suitable technologies to
used to design this meet relevant ensure all relevant be used in the
product technologies technologies have construction”
been used

The evaluation criteria has provided us with information that will give us a guide line to follow though out the production process
and something to refer back to and check if all requirement are being met.

#9 18204962A

- Market Research #11-12
- Relevant Research #13
- Existing Products #14-19

- Environment #20
- Ergonomics #21
- Tools/PPE #22-26
- Process #27-28
- Materials #29-31
- Finishes #32
- Rough Inspirations #32
- Refined Concept Sketches #33-34

#10 18204962A

Market Research
Through market research we asked the end-users family a range of question to better gather an understanding of they want the
product to the constructed and designed. We have also looked at relevant market trends for outdoor chair, including how we can
promote the product, how profitable it is to sell and who will be most interested in buying the product

How important is sustainability ? How often will you use the product ? How important are ethical practises ?

Important Daily Very
Weekly Imporant
Not Important Fortnighly Not Very
Monthly

What materials do you want to use ? How much are you willing to spend ? What type of style do you want ?

Wood < $100 Modern
Metal < $200 Scandinavian
Plastic < $350 Industrial
Bohemian
How important is safety ? What type of finish do want ?
Do you want a end-table incorporated
Very Stain into the design?
Important Varnish
Not very Paint Yes
Wax No
#11
18204962A

Market Research Price: What is the price ?

People: Who will buy this product ? The price of outdoor chair vary with lower quality chairs being
relatively cheap and high quality and unique chair being
Potential end-users include new home owners or renovators expensive. The price and profit a calculated is;
looking for new furniture for their outdoor areas.
How many people are looking for a similar product?

https://www.amazon.com/ https://www.alibaba.com/ https://www.junglescout.com/

After my calculations and deducting, taxes and shipping fee I have
calculated that the amazon is making $100 profit from each chair
Place: Where can it be bought ? they sell and selling 180 per month. So $18,000 per month from
this this chair alone
Outdoor chairs can be bought in store a furniture retailers
such as A-Mart Furniture and Target or on a wide range of Product: What is being sold ?
online websites and apps such as Amazon and eBay
The product being sold is a piece of outdoor furniture more
Online Brick & Mortar specifically a chair. This product will serve as a place for users to
sit a relax outside .

Promotion: How will people know about it ?

I am able to promote my products a number of ways, I can use
digital medial apps and websites paying for ads, such as Instagram,
Facebook, twitter or a number of other promotion methods such
as flyers, posters and sign's

Through market research we have determined that 2,190,000 people are actively searching for similar products, and if we were to
pass produce we could make about $100 profit on each chair we sell. We could be able to sell our chair to online retailers such as

eBay or amazon and promote if though Instagram or Facebook ads or flyer and posters.

#12 18204962A

Relevant Research

The mind map will allow me to explore and brainstorm ideas relating to types of joints to use, the style, materials and
finishes of the product

This mind map has helped me focus on aspects that need to be considered when designing, that include Shape, Material,
Style, Joinery and Safety

#13 18204962A

Secondary Research
Looking at existing products gives us an insight to current market trends as well as discover new types of materials, joints and styles that we could
incorporate into our end-product. I have chose to evaluate the products using P,M,I (Positive, Minus, Interesting). All products shown below are relevant
outdoor chairs that I will take inspiration form and apply that to my final product.

https://www.target.com/p/southport-patio-egg-chair-opalhouse- https://www.allmodern.com/outdoor/sb1/black-outdoor-lounge- https://savaandco.com.au/products/bellano-outdoor-chair
153/-/A-53847767 chairs-c527764-a87988~307045.html
P: A well contrasting colour scheme
P: A unique design P: An unusual design M: Arm support is too high and
M: Non-stable arm support M: Appears to be heavy and hard uncomfortable
I: The design partially encloses the to move I: The woven feature on the sides
seating space I: A square like design

https://www.baygallery.com.au/coastal-wicker-outdoor- https://www.myer.com.au/p/gardeon-3-piece-outdor-chair-and-table-set https://www.mossfurniture.com.au/product/amaze-outdoor-lounge-
dining-chair-with-teak-timber-legs-in-brushed-wheat.html chair/
P: Ergonomically well designed
P: Appears to bet very ergonomic M: A plain colour scheme P: A modern and unique design
M: A bland and boring design I: An adjustable foot rest M: Backrest looks dipropionate in
I: The woven material is not very compared to the rest of the chair
durable I: The slot design of the back rest

#14 18204962A

Secondary Research

https://www.stardust.com/loopchair.html https://www.digsdigs.com/modern-outdoor-furniture/ https://teakwarehouse.com/furniture/tessa-rope-outdoor-
dining-chair/
P: A modern design P: Product has a leg rest and
M: No arm rest support modern design P: Chair seem ergonomic as your
I: A very unique design M: Could to difficult to move feet would tough the ground at an
around the house ideal height
I: A never see before design M: A common design
I: Quite tall for an outdoor chair

https://www.flowerpower.com.au/fp-collection-clovelly-outdoor-chair-169530 https://www.jamessaid.com.au/como-black-outdoor-armchair.html https://www.cb2.com/shore-small-polyterrazzo-
planter/s615263
P: A comfortable, ergonomic back rest P: A farm-house style design
M: the chair is on a steep angle and M: Seems quite uncomfortable as the P: A unique modern design
joint/screws are visible back and bottom are straight M: No arm-rest or storage space
I: the support bit is made from a vinyl I: A cross checked design on back I: The aesthetics of the design
weave
18204962A
#15

Secondary Research

https://www.wayfair.com/outdoor/pdx/ivy-bronx- https://www.restorationhardware.com/catalog/produ https://www.espasso.com/products/379/asturias-rocking-
silke-modern-outdoor-patio-chair-with-cushions- ct/product.jsp?productId=prod12720044&categoryId= armchair-by-carlos-motta?pp=1
w000024072.html cat16250001
P: Incorporating the rocking chair
P: A Scandinavian colour scheme P: A unique futuristic design feature
M: A bland box like design and M: Appears to be heavy and M: Arm rest seem too low
joints are visible difficulty to move I: A rocking feature
I: The choice of a vinyl weave on I: The overall design
the arm rest

https://havenly.com/products/view/16794064#product-list- https://www.rodaonline.com/en/products/lounge- https://www.domino.com/content/natalie-myer-
id-to trac- chairs-and-stools/laze/laze-002-lounge-chair-high- laurel-canyon/
=8337673836257%7C1520632726329%7CCB2%20x%20Fre backrest
d%20Segal P: Extremely light and movable
P: Light and can easily be move M: Metal might corrode or rust in
P: All joint are hidden around outdoor weather conditions
M: No arm support M: No unique aspect I: How little material is used
I: The triangular base support I: Vinyl weave is used through out
18204962A
#16

Secondary Research

http://design-chronicle.com/david-trubridge-launches-new-designs-at-wanted- https://trendland.com/amazing-vintage-furniture-source/ http://www.arquivocontemporaneo.com.br/rio/produtos/c
design-nyc/ hangeCat/POLT
P: An compelling design
P: Very comfortable and ergonomic M: Has old/vintage aesthetics P: Very ergonomic as feet would be at an
M: No arm rest support I: How the arm rest design flairs ideal resting height
I: A unique design with a rocking out M: Chair doesn’t appear to be very stable
feature I: The line piece design

https://www.kathykuohome.com/Product/Detail/45689-Sublime-Original-Low- https://homeadore.com/2012/09/20/creative-furniture-decorations/ https://theultralinx.com/2015/01/25-inspiring-product-designs/
O-Modern-Rubbed-Outdoor-Adirondack-Chair
P: A very futuristic design P: A unique modern design
P: Uses a farm house style M: Seems uncomfortable and not M: No arm-rest or storage space
M: Looks quite unergonomic and very ergonomic I: The futuristic aesthetics of the
uncomfortable I: A shape of the chair is interesting design
I: The arm rest square design and unique

As a result of look at all of these existing products we now have a great understanding of concepts, methods and style that we could potently incorporate
across into our design after taking inspiration from these products.

#17 18204962A

Product Analysis

The product analysis will provide a more in-depth look at existing products to give myself and the end-user a greater
understanding of current products and trends on the market.

Picture Aesthetes Material Dimensions Safety Ergonomics Production Functionality

The The Overall: All material The lounge This chair has This piece of
aesthetes of materials 910mm wide used has been chair has been been outdoor
this outdoor used in the 1070mm sanded back constructed at constructed furniture's sole
lounge chair futuristic deep to prevent the optimal using mortise- function is to
is very outdoor 760mm high splinters, height for a and-tenon serve as a
futuristic chair are Seat: whilst edges longue chair joints to hold place the user
with its Teak wood 630mm wide are still some so the user can the chair can sit and
sharp open serving as 530mm deep what sharp rest together relax as well as
design the main Seat Hight: they have comfortably improve the
https://www.restorationhard material 170mm high been blunted aesthetes of
ware.com/catalog/product/pr used to prevent the
oduct.jsp?productId=prod127 thought out coursing injury environment
20044&categoryId=cat16250
001

This This chair Height – All the timber This chair has This chair has This product
outdoor has been 935mm used has been been designed been has been
chair constructed Length – sanded back so the users is constructed constructed in
reflects the using 865mm to prevent resting at a and put order to
aesthetes of Parashorera Width- injury and all comfortable tougher using provide a
a modern timber for 560mm sharp edges position with screws. place for the
farm-house the frame has been their back on a Although this end-user to
style/design and a woven curved off to angle and feet is quick and unwind from
resin as the prevent resting on the effective it their busy lives
back rest further injury ground takes away
https://www.flowerpower.com.au/fp- from the over
collection-clovelly-outdoor-chair-169530 all look

#18 18204962A

Product Analysis

Picture Aesthetes Material Dimensions Safety Ergonomics Production Functionality

The This chair is Overall: All edges on This outdoor This outdoor This lounge
aesthetes of constructed 635mm High the chair have chair has been lounge chair has been
this chair from Wicker 711mm Wide been rounded constructed so has been designed and
reflects that Rattan used 737mm deep off to prevent the end-user produced and constructed in
of a modern in the arm Seat: the likely hood rests at an put together order to
bohemian rests while 266mm High of somebody ideal height using simple proved a
style. the frame is 584mm Wide hurting them screws to join relaxing space
made from 711mm Deep selves on the wood. Whilst to the end-
https://www.wayfair.com/outdoor/ Acacia wood sharp edge. is effective to user
pdx/ivy-bronx-silke-modern- takes away
outdoor-patio-chair-with-cushions- from the
w000024072.html overall look

This chairs Materials Overall: This chair has The angles of Production This chair was
aesthetes is used in the 914mm wide been the back rest methods used designed to
very much production 952mm deep constructed to and base have to join this serve as a
that of a of this chair 698mm high meet the all been chair tougher place the end-
mid-century are Australian angled to is most likely user can relax
with a polyester Standards ensure a hidden in as well as
modern and relating to that comfortable screws. This is add a visually
twist reclaimed of a chair. experience effective and appeal to the
teak used Sharp edges when siting in doesn’t take environment
https://havenly.com/products/view/ thought out are also the chair away from its placed in
16794064#product-list-id-to trac- the hidden the visual
=8337673836257%7C152063272632 base/frame appeal
9%7CCB2%20x%20Fred%20Segal

End-User Comment

Some of these chairs have really appealed to me, the chairs that resonate with me the most are the ones with a simple but unique design
featuring natural colours. I would like the chair to remain under 945mm tall to reducing bulkiness and make it easier to move around

This product analysis has given us a great understanding of aspects relating to outdoor chairs, such as dimensions, materials and production methods. Which

#19 18204962Awill better inform us of what materials and production methods we should be using

Environment

In this stage of research we will look at the space in which the product will be placed in, in the end-users home to get a
feel of the environment and how we can incorporate our product to match

As outlined in the design brief a outdoor chair is needed in order to
provide a place for the end-user and their guests to sit and relax by
the pool. This space will also serve as a place that the end-user can
unwind from their busy life's in, decreasing anxiety levels.
The space where the final product will rest is used by people off all
different ages, heights and weights, so its crucial that the product
meets all Australian Standards to provide a safe experience for all
users.
As depicted in the pictures to the left, the current space is left very
open, a chair is going to help fill in the space and add visual appeal
to the outdoor space. In order for the product to add an visual
appeal it needs to match the exiting setting. By using similar colour
and styles. The product should reflect the aesthesis of the following
images.

Looking at the environment has given us a feel as to what style and colours the product should reflect to match the
environment. In this case the outdoor chair should reflect a modern Scandinavian style with natural colours

#20 18204962A

Ergonomics

This stage of research ensures that the product is built to the end-users and majority of their guests specifications and at
a height that suits them can is able to hold their weight and ensure maximum comfort for all users

Cleaning

The chair should be smoothened down and sealed to ensure it can be wiped down easily to remove dust, dirt of anything
that has been spilled on it

Strength

The end product must be constructed with its strength in mind, it will have to under go numerous strength tests to ensure
it is capable to hold the weight of a person for upwards of an hour

Health

The chair needs to be built in a way that allows for the end-user to maximise their health. To do this the chair should be
constructed to a height that suits the end-user and doesn’t cause an health problems or injury’s

Anthropometric Data

The data shown below suggest that the height of the lounge chair should reach 900mm, which is an appropriate height
for the average person, data also shown below. This height will allow for a range of people to use it.

The ergonomic stage of research has provide me with an understanding of how tall the product should be (~900mm),
how wide(~800) and on what angle (257)

#21 18204962A

Tools
In this stage of research we will look at what tools will be required to complete the product, as well as they purpose and
how they will contribute to the finished product. This provides us with an understanding of what tool we need and gives
us the chance to source them if we don’t have them

Name: Image: Description: Suitability:

Hammer A simple tool designed to A hammer would be used to
Mallet manually drive nails, hit nails into timber though
fasteners and chisels into out the building process as
materials, well as hit timber

https://www.bunnings.com.au/estwing-680g-24oz-vinyl-grip-claw-hammer_p5562322

A form of a hammer that’s A mallet would be used to
made from timber, usually hit chisels into my project
used to hit chisels into wood removing bit of timber

Drill/Impact Driver https://www.ebay.com.au/itm/250mm-Beech-Solid-Carpenter-Wood-Wooden-Mallet-Hammer-Handle- A electric tool that is used to A drill and Impact diver will
Chisels Woodworking-To-G7J3/192501454558 drill holes in materials for be used to predrill holes and
https://www.mitre10.co.nz/shop/makita-hammer-driver-drill-and-impact-driver-kit-18-volt/p/295173 screws and other objects, an drive screws into timber
impact driver will drive Chisels would be used to
screws into the material remove wood when
A chisels chamfered edges construction a joint
will assist with carving and
cutting wood

https://www.misterworker.com/en/stanley/5002-wood-chisel-set-3-pcs-st-454/4273.html

File Often used to smooth wood, Files will be used though out
widen holes and remove to will the wood down to a
#22 small bits excess wood move appropriate size

https://ae.rsdelivers.com/product/bahco/1-473-10-2-2/bahco-250mm-3-piece-second-cut-engineers-file-
set/1985299

18204962A

Tools https://www.tradetools.com/product-range/power-tools/hand-held-power-tools/makita-150mm-dual- An orbital sander is a tool This will be used towards the
Orbital Sander mode-random-orbital-sander-750w used to sand timber, end of production when the
preparing it for a finish. timber needs to be prepared
Tension Saw https://www.axminster.co.uk/axminster-benchcraft-tenon-saw-300mm-12tpi-225904 Rotating in a circular motion for finishing will we use this.
Jack Plane https://www.rockler.com/bailey-jack-plane-05-by-stanley A tension saw is a small saw A tension saw will be used
Sand Paper with lots of teeth, this makes though out construction to
https://www.banggood.com/230mm-x-280mm-Sandpaper-Sanding-Paper-80120150180240-Grit- it ideal for cutting wood cut wood and cut clean joints
T-Bar Clamp Abrasive-Tool-p-1042607.html smoothly and cleanly
Paint Brush A jack plane is used to A jack plane will be used to
http://www.timberwork.com.au/78-bbt-t-bar-clamp/ remove small amount of flatten and smooth wood to
#23 excess wood and great for the appropriate size
https://www.bigw.com.au/product/dunn-75-mm-paint-brush/p/14059/ flatting edges
Sand paper is rubbed on Sand paper will be used
surfaces to smooth or shape towards the final stages, to
them. Also used to prepare prepare wood for finish. We
timer for a finish will slowly increase the grit of
the sand paper from 60 to
A type of clamp used to apply 240 grit
pressure to martials holding A T-bar clamp will be used to
them tougher, more suitable hold material tougher whilst
more large bits of wood they are being glued or
A paint brush is used to apply joined
a wide rage of finishes onto A paint brush will be used in
materials such as paint or a the final stages to apply the
stain finish weather it is paint,
varnish or a satin

18204962A

Tools A table measure is a A tape measure will be used
Tape Measure measuring tool that to measure wood, so we
measures long bit of wood know what length to cut it at
Thicknesser providing an accurate reading

Ruler https://www.totaltools.com.au/60469-stanley-xtreme-8m-tape-measure-33894 A thicknesser is used to run A thicknesser will be used
Try Square wood though, smoothing it toward the start of
https://www.machineryhouse.com.au/w414 and reducing the thickness. A production to remove
Pencil motorised jack plane thickness and smooth the
Band Saw https://electronicsautomaticcontrol.blogspot.com/2016/05/1-meter- A ruler similar to a tape wood
metal-ruler.html measure is used to provide a A ruler will be used to give a
#24 measurement whilst also guide as to where to mark
https://my.rs-online.com/web/p/engineers-squares/3006843/ provide a staring line the wood providing a straight
https://www.megaofficesupplies.com.au/columbia-611400med-carpenter-lead-pencil- line and measurements
red-medium-box-100/
https://www.supercheapauto.com.au/p/rockwell-shopseries-rockwell-shopseries-band- A try square provides a A try square will be used to
saw---200mm-250w/324267.html measurement as well as 90 square off wood making sure
and 45 angles its level, as well as provide a
45 and 90 angle

A pencil allows you to write A pencil will be used tough
and mark on a range of out the production process to
materials mark materials so we know
when to cut

A bandsaw is a machine with A band-saw could be used
a continues saw blade towards the start of
running though and used to production to cut pieces of
cut a range of different things wood to the idea size

18204962A

Tools A pedestal drill or drill press The pedestal drill will be used
Pedestal Drill is a standing drill that is far to drill precise holes into my
more accurate and stronger timber
Table Saw than a regular drill
https://www.machines4u.com.au/view/advert/IN5132-Pedestal-Drill-Press-
Clamp 32mm/300789/ A table saw is a electric saw A table saw might be used to
mounted inside a table that is cut small or large pieces of
CNC Router https://www.gregmach.com/product/laguna-fusion-f3-tablesaw/ capable of cutting large timber to the required size
http://machtoolsinc.com/shop/torq/clamps/f-clamps/f-clamps/ surfaces

A clamp is used to apply A clamp will be used to hold
pressure to wood holding it bits of wood tougher whilst
tougher, this is more suitable they are being glued of put in
for small bits of wood place with a joint

https://www.etsy.com/au/listing/614062251/vico-workbee-cnc- A Computer Numerical A CNC router may be used to
router-machine Controlled (CNC) router is accurately cut material to
used like a router except it their idea size as well as cut
Router provide a far more accurate patterns on to the woods
cut surface
A router is a tool where the A router could be used to cut
blade rotates cutting away a rebate, or hollow out
small bit or wood as it section of wood
rotates.

https://www.tradetools.com/product-range/power-tools/hand-
held-power-tools/makita-1850w-plunge-router

Description Reference: https://www.popularwoodworking.com/tools/woodworking-glossary/

After looking at the tools we might need to complete the end-product we are able to determine which tools we already
have access to and what tools will need to be sourced as well as their function and what we might use them for

#25 18204962A

Personal Protective Equipment

Personal Protective Equipment or PPE will be used and worn through out production aspect of design, in order to protect
us from harmful practices such as breathing in dust particles or preventing sound damage to our hearing.

Safety Glasses: Will be worn to prevent wood chips or any other materials hitting and causing damage to the

eyes https://www.bulkwholesale.com.au/product/arc-vision-hammer-uv-safety-glasses-12-per-box/

Ear Muffs: are worn to cover the ears reducing the amount of sound they are exposed to, protecting them

from loud machinery that can cause damage to hearing https://www.bunnings.com.au/safety-zone-general-purpose-

earmuffs_p5820601

Dust Mask: Dust Masks are worn to limit what the respiratory system breaths in. preventing any harmful

particles from entering the body when sanding or using a finish https://www.ebay.com.au/itm/Finixa-Safety-

Disposable-Dust-Mask-Class-P2-NR-With-Valve-15-Pack-/282929288026

Apron: An Apron will be worn when ever conducting practical work to help protect the clothes that we are

wearing from being damaged https://genxsafety.com.au/products/s841

#26 18204962A

Process

During the process stage we will look at way in which we can join our material together, the joining methods must be
durable and strong to fulfill they requirements

Bridal Joint

The end of one piece of wood is cut into a tenon shape and the other piece of wood is cut into a
mortise, so that the two pieces that can be fitted together to form a corner. Could be suitable to
join base to the legs of the chair

Mortise And Tenon

One of the strongest joints. The mortise and tenon is used to attach two pieces of wood at a 90-
degree angle. The mortise part of the joint is a hole or cavity cut into one piece of wood. A tenon
is the negative of the mortise hole, protruding from the second piece of wood. Useful for joining
seat to the legs or back rest

Mitre Joint

Similar to a butt joint but stronger because the ends in a mitre joint are cut at a 45° angle and
then glued together, this creates better surface area for adhesive to be applied while also
concealing the end grain giving it a nice flush look. Can be used to join arms and legs of the chair

Housing Joint 18204962A

A housing joint is made by cutting a channel across the face of a piece of timber about three quarters
of its depth, the end of another piece of timber is then inserted and secured into the channel. The
housing joint is pretty suitable for almost all woodwork projects because of its simplicity and strength.

#27

Process

Finger Joint

Similar to the dovetail joint, the finger joint also has a series of pins along an edge that are
interlocked together using glue. The difference is that the finger joint pins are straight instead of
angled. This joint isn’t as strong as the dovetail. Could be used to attach the chair legs it arms

Halving Joint

This type of joint is useful for maximising the strength of two pieces of timber instead of nailing or
screwing them together. It consists of two pieces of timber that have two channels cut half the
thickness of both pieces of timber to produce a flush interlocking joint which allows the two pieces of
wood to pass through each other.

Dovetail Joint
One of the strongest joints its also giving off a great visual appeal and aesthesis. A dovetail joint
requires precision to pull off nicely. the joint consists of pins that look like dovetails which interlock
into slots
Definitions and images sourced from: https://castleusa.com/blog/types-of-woodworking-joints/
& http://www.woodworkbasics.com/dovetail-joint.html

End-User Feedback

“I like a number of these joints including the housing joint, mitre joint and
them mortise and tenon joint I believe that they would provide a strong
hold, last over time and add aesthetic value

After looking a suitable joints to use in the construction of a outdoor, we now have an idea of what joints would work,
their strength and the level of difficultly to construct these joints. This is all going to help in the selection of choosing what

joining methods are most suitable

#28 18204962A

Materials

In this stage we will take a in depth look at a range of materials, analysing their properties such as strength, colour, grain,
durability. This is done to determine which materials are most suitable to be used to the construction of an outdoor chair.

Many of Jarrah’s properties Jarrah
make it ideal to work with,
such as its strength, durability Origin: Jarrah is an Australian Timber that comes from a Eucalyptus marginate tree commonly found in Western
to weather, but its also very
heavy, hard to work with, Australia
expensive and its colour won’t
match the setting Hardwood: Yes.
Hardness: Jarrah has a hardness rating of 8.5kN using the Janka Hardness test
Weight & Cost: 820 kg/m3 and costs $185 per square meter
Durability: Extremally durable, inside and outside can with stand harsh weather conditions
Strength: Jarrah has a rating of 66.2 Mpa (crushing strength. And regarded to be very strong
Uses: Flooring, Window frames, decking, outdoor furniture
Workability: Hard to work with due to its high density and interlocking grain, can blunt blades, but glues easily

Merbau is an option as its Merbau
strong, durable and matches
the aesthesis but its also very Origin: Merbau or Intsia bijuga is a species of flowering tree that grows in the south-east Asia and Northern
expensive and still heavy
regions of Australia

Hardwood: Yes.
Hardness: Merbau has a hardness rating of 8.56kN measured using the Janka Hardness test
Weight & Cost: 815 kg/m3 and costs $280 per square meter
Durability: Merbau is reported to be durable and able to resist cruel weather, rot, insects and heavy loads
Strength: Merbau is a very strong wood with a rating of 73.4 Mpa (crushing strength)
Uses: Commonly used in decking, furniture, flooring, musical instruments and turned objects
Workability: Can be hard to work with as its known to dull saws and blades but glues well

#29 18204962A

Materials

Cedar is one of the affordable Cedar
woods that have been short
listed and its workability make Origin: Cedar is a genus of coniferous trees in the plant family Pinaceae. And are found is India, South America
it a catenate, but its durability
is a worry especially if its going and Eastern Australia as well as Papa New Guinea
to live outside by a garden full
of insects Hardwood: Yes.
Hardness: Cedar is rated with a hardness of 2.6kN using the Janka Hardness test
Weight & Cost: weighs 485 kg per meter cubed and costs $108 per square meter
Durability: Rated at moderate durability, with a poor residence to insects
Strength: Cedar is a reasonably strong wood with a crushing strength rating og 36.1Mpa
Uses: Furniture, cabinetry, guitars, boatbuilding
Workability: Easy to work with cuts and glues well

Teak is the best wood to use Teak
outdoors due to its water
residence, and it strong the Origin: Teak which belongs to the Lamiaceae family can be found in monsoon forests in India, Thailand, Myanmar
easy to work with and light,
the only down side of Teak is Vietnam
its hefty price. End-user has
chosen teak Hardwood: Yes. Teak is tropical hardwood
Hardness: Teak is rated to have a hardness of 5.14kN in the Janka Hardness test
#30 Weight & Cost: 650kg/m3 and costs $130 per square meter
Durability: Teak is very durable and considered to best wood to use when dealing with water as its rot resident
Strength: Teak is pretty strong with a crushing strength rating of 54.8 Mpa
Uses: Exterior construction, furniture, veneer, boat construction
Workability: Teak is easy to work with in almost every regard

18204962A

Materials

Although Ipe is all very hard, Brazilin Walnut
strong and durable, the weight
of it is far too heavy and its Origin: Brazilin Walnut or Ipe is a type of timber found in Central and South America, Ipe originates from the
extremely difficult to work
with as its so hard. Ipe also Lauraceae plant family
don’t not match the setting
Hardwood: Yes.
Hardness: Brazilin Walnut is one of the hardest woods with a rating of 16.3kN in the Janka Hardness test
Weight & Cost: Ipe is very heavy weighing 1100 kg/m3 and costs $100 per m2
Durability: Ipe is rated Extremally durable, resident to insects and hash weather, and its know to last
Strength: Brazilin Walnut has a crushing strength rating of 93.8Mpa
Uses: Flooring, Decking, veneer, tool handles
Workability: Brazilin Walnut is very difficult to work with as its extremely hard and dense making it difficult to cut

and is known to blunt blades

White Oak
Origin: White Oak originating from the Quercus alba family is found in eastern regions of America
White oak posses many Hardwood: Yes. White Oak is a hardwood
properties that are necessary Hardness: White Oak received a rating of 5.9kN in the Janka hardness test
and it suit the existing Weight & Cost: 770 kg/m3 and costs $190 per square meter
environment. Down sides are Durability: White Oak is a very durable wood,
the price Strength: White Oak has a crushing strength rating of 50.8Mpa and is regarded as a strong wood
Uses: Commonly White Oak is used in cabinetry, furniture, boat building, barrels
Workability: Not too difficult to work with and produces good results with hand tools and machine, also responds

well to bending and finishes

Information from http://www.wood-database.com/

Looking at relevant materials has given us an understanding of what materials best suit the end-user, the end-user has
also ruled out Brazilin Walnut and Jarrah as they don’t reflect the colour scheme she is after

#31 18204962A

Finishes
Here we will look at types of finishes that we could potentially use in the construction of the final product, its vital that
the finish chosen protects the timber from water and UV as the product will be used predominantly outside

Finish Description Suitability Availability Cost & Safety

Wood Oil A protective oil that coats A exterior wood oil is Wood oil is available at a $35 per litre, so
the wood to preserve the very suitable as they are range of stores including reasonably cost effective,
natural look of the formulated to protect the Bunnings, Osmo and as oil is a main
timber and protects timber from outdoor Luxury Paints component, PPE should
against UV, water, fungi weather conditions as be worn to prevent any
and mould well as preserve the hazards form occurring
timbers natural feel

https://www.bunnings.com.au/feast-watson-2l-clear-
outdoor-furniture-oil_p0015291

Varnish A durable water-based oil This type of varnish will Varnish is available at Varnish cost about $40
that applies a clear, shiny repel water, dirt and Bunnings, Mitre 10 and for 1 litre, as its water
coat to the timber, mould. All elements for purchase at online based meaning its also
protecting from elements which are found retails like eBay non-toxic but PPE should
of the environment outdoors and this will still be worn to prevent
ensure the product lives the substance from
a longer life coming into contact with
eyes or clothes
https://www.bunnings.com.au/cabot-s-1l-new- A clear two part epoxy An epoxy sealer will Epoxy sealer can be Epoxy Sealer sells for
natural-garden-furniture-oil_p1520197 that is used to coat protect the finished brought from about $60 for a 1L can, so
wood, hardening it and product from the water it Whitworths, Bunnings its not very cost effective.
Epoxy Sealer seal the timber keeping will endure from being and Soozal PPE should be worn
out moisture outside when applying to avoid
the inhalation of
potentially toxic fumes

https://www.whitworths.com.au/international-
everdure-primer-and-sealer?q=60594

#32 18204962A

Rough Inspirations

Here we will take a look at a range of images to help inspire the end product. From how its shape to the end colour and
aesthetics the product will reflect

https://www.pinterest.com.au/pin/985231157044672/

End-User Feedback https://www.pinterest.com.au/pin/262827328228362
698/

https://edition.cnn.com/travel/article/australia-best- “The colour palette is a good resemblance of the colours in the area in
beaches/index.html which the chair would be placed. The product should match these
colours. The set of starts is a modern, simple but yet unique style that I
would like carried across into the final design. The beach is also another
aesthetic that I enjoy, the green, cream and blue also all match the
environment, Blue(pool water, cream (sandstone tiles), green (plants)

This has given us an idea of what sort of colours should be incorporated into the end-design of the product as well as the
shape, as stated by the end-user

#33 18204962A

Visualisations

During the visualisation or rough Inspiration stage we will draw upon our research to come up with a potential design on
how the product will look. Images will be used to provide inspiration.

https://www.pinterest.com.au/pin/443041682088393
667/

https://www.pinterest.com.au/pin/361273201331624
507/

https://www.pinterest.com.au/pin/AS2pAzvou54Fntis https://www.pinterest.com.au/pin/537758011755859
7M4sVQGauWwg2QAQKFdF2r0YtShtATYW7Jitjpc/ 522/

#34 18204962A

Visualisations https://www.pinterest.com.au/pin/739434832
556174584/
https://www.pinterest.com.au/pin/463167142922656
055/ https://www.directpaint.com.au/news/go_modern_wi
th_modern_architecture_exterior
https://www.pinterest.com.au/pin/856809897841898
390/ 18204962A

#35

- Design Option 1 #37-38
- Design Option 2 #39-40
- Design Option 3 #41-42
- Justification of Preferred Option #45

#36 18204962A

Design Option 1

#37 18204962A

Design Option 1

Questions Designers Annotations Designers Weighting End-Users Weighting
Aesthetics
Material and Colour This chair features a very modern design, as 4/5 5/5
well as being geometrically visually pleasing
Ergonomics
Safety The materials used (light pine) works well in 4/5 4/5
the given environment and its what the
Production end-user is looking for

Function The chair has been designed so the back 3/5 4/5
rest is on a 77 angle to ensure comfort
Totals
End-user Comment The chair is designed to hold an optimal 4/5 4/5
weight and will undergo test to ensure its
suitable

The chairs legs will be joined using a mitre 4/5 3/5
joint or a biscuit joint if the mitre fails to
hold

The product should function as intended, 5/5 4/5
holding one person and filling a space

24/30 24/30

#38 I really like this modern design, I believe it adds to environment and it seam sturdy and strong
enough

18204962A

Design Option 2

#39 18204962A

Design Option 2

Questions Designers Annotations Designers Weighting End-Users Weighting
Aesthetics
This design option features and older style 4/5 5/5
Material and Colour of design, but the contrasting colours give it
the look the end-user is after
Ergonomics
Safety The materials used oak (to reflect sandstone 5/5 5/5
tiles ) and ash wood (to reflect dirt and
Production rocks) really add value to design
Function
This design has an two arm rest placed at an 4/5 3/5
Totals height for optimal comfort
End-user Comment
Both of the chairs arms rests are solid and 5/5 4/5
sturdy which also incorporate the chairs
support system

Whilst working with ash is a challenge, it 4/5 3/5
adds a great overall effect

This design option should serve the purpose 4/5 3/5
of holding a person but it doesn’t suit the
given environment

26/30 23/30

I really like how this one uses two different colours, that both match the pool area

#40 18204962A

Design Option 3

#41 18204962A

Design Option 3

Questions Designers Annotations Designers Weighting End-Users Weighting
Aesthetics
Material and Colour Whilst its unique this isn’t the style the 3/5 2/5
Ergonomics end-user is going for 4/5 4/5
The material and colour suit both the 3/5 3/5
Safety environment and the end-users demands
Production Although its an ergonomically designed it 4/5 3/5
Function still features a flaw, the base will be 4/5 4/5
uncomfortable to sit ion but this can be 3/5 3/5
Totals compensated by adding a cushion
End-user Comment The chair has been designed to ensure the 21/30 19/30
safety of the end-user
Whilst it will be difficult to produce the
round bits their effect adds great value
The chair is designed to hold one person,
but doesn’t really add aesthetic value to
the given environment

I like the unique aspect of the design, but I’m not sure it it’s the look or style I’m going for

#42 18204962A

Design Option 4

#37 18204962A

Design Option 4

Questions Designers Annotations Designers Weighting End-Users Weighting
Aesthetics
Material and Colour This design option is unique and modern, 5/5 4.5/5
suiting the end-users requirements 4/5 3/5
Ergonomics Whilst the colour suits the end-users
Safety environment the pine material is 4/5 4/5
Production questionable if it will endure the weather 3/5 3/5
Function conditions 4/5 4/5
The chairs back rest is on a 77 angle, with 4/5 4/5
Totals both arms rests at a suitable height
End-user Comment The chair features a supporting rail to add 24/30 22.5/30
strength to the back rest
The slated backrest will be cut on the CNC to
provide an accurate cut
The chair is expected to serve its purpose by
hold a person and adding an aesthetic value
to the environment

This unique modern design, fits the given environment and I like its slim sleek design

#43 18204962A

Justification of Preferred Option

Questions Designers Annotations Designers End-Users Weighting
Weighting
Aesthetics This design option is unique and modern, 4.5/5
Material and Colour suiting the end-users requirements 5/5

End-Users Justification Ergonomics Whilst the colour suits the end-users 4/5 3/5
Safety environment the pine material is 4/5 4/5
I ended up choosing this design option as it best matches what I am Production questionable if it will endure the weather
looking for. It features a unique design that is also modern. Its Function conditions
material and colour also matches the sandstone tiles by the pool. I The chairs back rest is on a 77 angle,
love the slated back design as its something new and interesting, Totals with both arms rests at a suitable height
the C shaped legs also serve as an arm rest something I would want End-user Comment
incorporated into the final product The chair features a supporting rail to 3/5 3/5
add strength to the back rest 4/5 4/5
#45 The slated backrest will be cut on the 4/5 4/5
CNC to provide an accurate cut
The chair is expected to serve its purpose 24/30 22.5/30
by hold a person and adding an aesthetic
value to the environment

This unique modern design, fits the given environment and I like its slim sleek design

18204962A

- Working Drawings #47-52
- Production Plan #53-55

- Gannt Chart #56
- Quality Measures #57
- Safe Operation Procedures #58-59

- Cutting List #60
- Risk Matrix #61
- DATTA Victoria #62
- Area of Risk #63-64

#46 18204962A

Working Drawings

Below are the original and final designs, we can see how we have had to change the design as well as the manufacturing
process over time to adapt to the changers that occurred

Original Design Final Design

Changes

The final design has been
slightly altered to better
reflect the appearance of the
messmate timber. Most of the
changers have occurred in the
joinery methods switching
from a mitre joint to hold arm
rest and legs tougher to bolts
as they are stronger. The way
in which the back rest joins to
the base has also been altered
switching from standard bolts
to galvanised coach screws as
they are cheaper and more
able to hold the required

weight.

#47 18204962A

Working Drawings
Working drawings are going to shows us the final design as well as any changes that have had to occur to ensure the final
product is up to standard, these working drawings will also serve as a reference point to come back to when building the
product.
Orthogonal View

#48 18204962A

Working Drawings
Working drawings are going to shows us the final design as well as any changes that have had to occur to ensure the final
product is up to standard, these working drawings will also serve as a reference point to come back to when building the
product.
Hidden Lines

#49 18204962A

Working Drawings (Joining Methods)

Below are all of the joinery methods that will be used to construct the product, this gives both the end-user and designer
an understanding of how its all going to go tougher and be constructed

Biscuit Joinery (seat base)

Dowel Joint (back rest)

Size 20 (56x23x4mm) biscuits will be used in the This Dowel joint is already a super tight fit, so it
construction process in which we will joint the will need little reinforcing but small amounts of
pieces of wood in order to create the seat base
glue will be used to help prevent the
of the chair components form moving around

#50 18204962A