C

Constitution & Political System C 1 1. Yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi ku/ctg gzvtc-eqpuvkvwvkqpcn cpf gzvtcngicn fgxkeg(u) hqt ugewtkpi eqqrgtcvkqp cpf eqqtfkpcvkqp dgvyggp vjg Uvcvgu kp KpfkcA ]1;;7_ 1. Vjg Pcvkqpcn Fgxgnqrogpv Eqwpekn 2. Vjg Iqxgtpqt”u Eqphgtgpeg 3. \qpcn Eqwpeknu 4. Kpvgt-Uvcvg Eqwpekn Eqfgu< (c) 1 cpf 2 (d) 1, 2 cpf 3 (e) 3 cpf 4 (f) 4 qpn{ 4. Yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi ctg ocvvgtu qp yjkej c eqpuvkvwvkqpcn cogpfogpv ku rquukdng qpn{ ykvj vjg tcvkhkecvkqp qh vjg ngikuncvwtg qh pqv nguu vjcp qpg-jcnh qh vjg uvcvguA ]1;;7_ 1. Gngevkqp qh vjg Rtgukfgpv 2. Tgrtgugpvcvkqp qh uvcvgu kp vjg Rctnkcogpv 3. Nkuvu kp vjg 7vj Uejgfwng 4. Cdqnkvkqp qh vjg Ngikuncvwtg Eqwpekn kp c Uvcvg Eqfgu< (c) 1, 2 cpf 3 (d) 1, 2 cpf 4 (e) 1, 3 cpf 4 (f) 2, 3 cpf 4 5. Ctvkeng 156 qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc rtqxkfgu vjcv c Iqxgtpqt ujcnn jqnf qhhkeg hqt c vgto qh hkxg {gct htqo vjg fcvg qp yjkej jg gpvgtu wrqp jku qhhkeg. Yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi ecp dg fgfwegf htqo vjkuA ]1;;7_ 1. Pq Iqxgtpqt ecp dg tgoqxgf htqo qhhkeg vknn eqorngvkqp qh jku vgto 2. Pq Iqxgtpqt ecp eqpvkpwg kp qhhkeg dg{qpf hkxg {gctu Eqfgu< (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 2 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 2 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 2 6. Yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi ctg ocvvgtu qp yjkej c eqpuvkvwvkqpcn cogpfogpv ku rquukdng qpn{ ykvj vjg tcvkhkecvkqp qh vjg ngikuncvwtg qh pqv nguu vjcp qpg-jcnh qh vjg uvcvguA ]1;;7_ 1. Gngevkqp qh vjg Rtgukfgpv 2. Tgrtgugpvcvkqp qh uvcvgu kp Rctnkcogpv 3. Cp{ qh vjg Nkuvu kp vjg 7vj Uejgfwng 4. Cdqnkvkqp qh vjg Ngikuncvwtg Eqwpekn qh c Uvcvg Eqfgu< (c) 1, 2 cpf 3 (d) 1, 2 cpf 4 (e) 1, 3, cpf 4 (f) 2, 3 cpf 4 7. Yjcv ku pqv gzrnkekvn{ uvcvgf kp vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc dwv hqnnqygf cu c eqpxgpvkqpA ]1;;7_ (c) Vjg Hkpcpeg Okpkuvgt ku vq dg c Ogodgt qh vjg Nqygt Jqwug (d) Vjg Rtkog Okpkuvgt jcu vq tgukip kh jg nqugu vjg oclqtkv{ kp vjg Nqygt Jqwug (e) Cnn ugevkqpu qh Kpfkc ctg vq dg tgrtgugpvgf kp vjg Eqwpeknu qh Okpkuvgtu (f) Kh dqvj vjg Rtgukfgpv cpf vjg Xkeg-Rtgukfgpv fgokv qhhkeg ukownvcpgqwun{ dghqtg vjg gpf qh vjg vgpwtg, Urgcmgt qh vjg Nqygt Jqwug qh vjg Rctnkcogpv yknn qhhkekcvg cu vjg Rtgukfgpv 8. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi ycu pqv rtqrqugf d{ vjg 73tf Eqpuvkvwvkqpcn Cogpfogpv kp vjg ctgc qh Rcpejc{cvk TclA ]1;;9_ (c) Vjktv{ rgtegpv ugcvu kp cnn gngevgf twtcn nqecn dqfkgu yknn dg tgugtxgf hqt yqogp ecpfkfcvgu cv cnn ngxgn (d) Vjg Uvcvgu yknn eqpuvkvwvg vjgkt Hkpcpeg Eqookuukqpu vq cnnqecvg tguqwtegu vq Rcpejc{cvk Tcl kpuvkvwvkqpu (e) Vjg Rcpejc{cvk Tcl hwpevkqpctkgu yknn dg fkuswcnkhkgf vq jqnf vjgkt qhhkegu kh vjg{ jcxg oqtg vjcp vyq ejknftgp (f) Vjg gngevkqpu yknn dg jgnf kp ukz oqpvju vkog kh Rcpejc{cvk Tcl dqfkgu ctg uwrgtegfgf qt fkuuqnxgf d{ vjg Uvcvg iqxgtpogpv 9. Ikxgp dgnqy ctg vyq uvcvgogpvu, qpg ncdgnngf cu Cuugtvkqp (C) cpf vjg qvjgt ncdgnngf cu Tgcuqp (T). Cuugtvkqp (C) < Tgugtxcvkqp qh vjktv{-vjtgg rgtegpv qh ugcvu hqt yqogp kp Rctnkcogpv cpf Uvcvg Ngikuncvwtg fqgu pqv tgswktg cp{ Eqpuvkvwvkqpcn cogpfogpv: Tgcuqp (T) < Rqnkvkecn rctvkgu eqpvguvkpi gngevkqpu ecp cnnqecvg vjktv{-vjtgg rgtegpv qh ugcvu vjg{ eqpvguv vq yqogp ecpfkfcvgu ykvjqwv cp{ Eqpuvkvwvkqpcn cogpfogpv. Kp vjg eqpvgzv qh vjg cdqxg vyq uvcvgogpvu yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi ku eqttgevA ]1;;9_ ×pkv - C Ëpækãp Rqnkvû & Iqøgtpãpeg Chapter 1 Constitution &
Political
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C 2 Topicwise Solved Papers (c) Dqvj C cpf T ctg vtwg cpf T ku vjg eqttgev gzrncpcvkqp qh C (d) Dqvj C cpf T ctg vtwg dwv T ku pqv vjg eqttgev gzrncpcvkqp qh C (e) C ku vtwg dwv T ku hcnug (f) C ku hcnug dwv T ku vtwg :. Yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi ctg/ku uvcvgf kp vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh KpfkcA ]1;;9_ 1. Vjg Rtgukfgpv ujcnn pqv dg c ogodgt qh gkvjgt Jqwug qh Rctnkcogpv 2. Vjg Rctnkcogpv ujcnn eqpukuv qh vjg Rtgukfgpv cpf vyq Jqwugu Ejqqug vjg eqttgev cpuygt htqo vjg eqfgu ikxgp dgnqy: (c) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 2 (d) Dqvj 1 cpf 2 (e) Qpn{ 1 (f) Qpn{ 2 ;. Kp vjg hqnnqykpi swqvcvkqp, •YG VJG RGQRNG QH KPFKC, jcxkpi uqngopn{ tguqnxgf vq eqpuvkvwvg Kpfkc kpvq c Uqxgtgkip Uqekcnkuv Ugewnct Fgoqetcvke Tgrwdnke cpf vq ugewtg vq cnn kvu ekvk|gpu: LWUVKEG, uqekcn, geqpqoke cpf rqnkvkecn; NKDGTV[ qh vjqwijv, gzrtguukqp, dgnkgh hckvj cpf yqtujkr; GSWCNKV[ qh uvcvwu cpf qh qrrqtvwpkv{: cpf vq rtqoqvg coqpi vjgo cnn; HTCVGTPKV[ cuuwtkpi vjg fkipkv{ qh vjg kpfkxkfwcn cpf vjg wpkv{ cpf vjg kpvgitkv{ qh vjg Pcvkqp. Kp qwt Eqpuvkvwgpv Cuugodn{ vjku “Z” fq jgtgd{ cfqrv, gpcev cpf ikxg vq qwtugnxgu vjku Eqpuvkvwvkqp.–, “Z” uvcpfu hqt: ]1;;9_ (c) vygpv{-ukzvj fc{ qh Lcpwct{, 1950 (d) vygpv{-ukzvj fc{ qh Pqxgodgt, 1949 (e) vygpv{-ukzvj fc{ qh Lcpwct{, 1949 (f) Pqpg qh vjg cdqxg 10. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi uejgfwngu qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc eqpvckpu rtqxkukqpu tgictfkpi cpvk-fghgevkqp CevA ]1;;:_ (c) Ugeqpf Uejgfwng (d) Hkhvj Uejgfwng (e) Gkijvj Uejgfwng (f) Vgpvj Uejgfwng 11. Vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc tgeqipkugu: ]1;;;_ (c) qpn{ tgnkikqwu okpqtkvkgu (d) qpn{ nkpiwkuvke okpqtkvkgu (e) tgnkikqwu cpf nkpiwkuvke okpqtkvkgu (f) tgnkikqwu, nkpiwkuvke cpf gvjpke okpqtkvkgu 14. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu: Cp cogpfogpv vq vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc ecp dg kpkvkcvgf d{ vjg: ]1;;;_ 1. Nqm Ucdjc 2. Tcl{c Ucdjc 3. Uvcvg Ngikuncvwtg 4. Rtgukfgpv Yjkej qh vjg cdqxg uvcvgogpvu ku/ctg eqttgevA ]1;;;_ (c) Qpn{ 1 (d) 1, 2 cpf 3 (e) 2, 3 cpf 4 (f) 1 cpf 2 15. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu cdqwv vjg tgegpv cogpfogpvu vq vjg gngevkqpu ncy d{ vjg Tgrtgugpvcvkqp qh vjg Rgqrng (Cogpfogpv) Cev 1996: ]1;;;_ 1. Cp{ eqpxkevkqp hqt vjg qhhgpeg qh kpuwnvkpi vjg Kpfkcp Pcvkqpcn hnci qt vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkcp ujcnn gpvckn fkuswcnkhkecvkqp hqt eqpvguvkpi gngevkqpu vq Rctnkcogpv cpf Uvcvg Ngikuncvwtgu hqt ukz {gct htqo vjg fcvg qh eqpxkevkqp 2. Vjgtg ku cp kpetgcug kp vjg ugewtkv{ fgrqukv yjkej c ecpfkfcvg jcu vq ocmg vq eqpvguv vjg gngevkqp vq vjg Nqm Ucdjc 3. C ecpfkfcvg ecppqv pqy uvcpf hqt gngevkqp htqo oqtg vjcp qpg Rctnkcogpv Eqpuvkvwgpe{ 4. Pq gngevkqp yknn pqy dg eqwpvgtocpfgf qp vjg fgcvj qh c eqpvguvkpi ecpfkfcvg Yjkej qh vjg cdqxg uvcvgogpvu ctg eqttgevA (c) 2 cpf 3 (d) 1, 2 cpf 4 (e) 1 cpf 3 (f) 1, 2, 3 cpf 4 16. Vjg 73tf Eqpuvkvwvkqp Cogpfogpv Cev, 1992 tghgtu vq vjg: ]4000_ (c) igpgtcvkqp qh ickphwn gornq{ogpv hqt vjg wpgornq{gf cpf vjg wpfgt gornq{gf ogp cpf yqogp kp twtcn ctgcu (d) igpgtcvkqp qh gornq{ogpv hqt vjg cdng dqfkgf cfwnvu yjq ctg kp pggf cpf fguktqwu qh yqtm fwtkpi vjg ngcp citkewnvwtcn ugcuqp (e) nc{kpi vjg hqwpfcvkqp hqt uvtqpi cpf xkdtcpv Rcpejc{cvk Tcl kpuvkvwvkqpu kp vjg eqwpvt{ (f) iwctcpvgg qh tkijv vq nkhg, nkdgtv{ cpf ugewtkv{ qh rgtuqp, gswcnkv{ dghqtg ncy cpf gswcn rtqvgevkqp ykvjqwv fkuetkokpcvkqp 17. Yjkej Ctvkeng qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp rtqxkfgu vjcv kv ujcnn dg vjg gpfgcxqwt qh gxgt{ uvcvg vq rtqxkfg cfgswcvg hceknkv{ hqt kpuvtwevkqp kp vjg oqvjgt vqpiwg cv vjg rtkoct{ uvcig qh gfwecvkqpA ]4001_ (c) Ctvkeng 349 (d) Ctvkeng 350 (e) Ctvkeng 350-C (f) Ctvkeng 351 18. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu eqttgevn{ fguetkdgu vjg Hqwtvj Uejgfwng qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh KpfkcA ]4001_ (c) Kv nkuvu vjg fkuvtkdwvkqp qh rqygtu dgvyggp vjg Wpkqp cpf vjg uvcvgu (d) Kv eqpvckpu vjg ncpiwcigu nkuvgf kp vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp (e) Kv eqpvckpu vjg ncpiwcigu nkuvgf kp vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp (f) Kv cnnqecvgu ugcvu kp vjg Eqwpekn qh Uvcvgu 19. Ocvej Nkuv-K ykvj Nkuv-KK cpf ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfgu ikxgp dgnqy vjg nkuvu: ]4001_ Nkuv-K Nkuv-KK (Cogpfogpvu vq vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp) C. Vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp 1. Guvcdnkujogpv qh uvcvg (Ukzv{-pkpvj ngxgn Tgpv Vtkdwpcnu Cogpfogpv) Cev, 1991 D. Vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp 2. Pq tgugtxcvkqpu hqt (Ugxgpv{-hkhvj Uejgfwngf Ecuvgu kp Cogpfogpv) Rcpejc{cvu kp Cev. 1994 Ctwpcejcn Rtcfguj Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

Constitution & Political System C 3 E. Vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp 3. Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh (Gkijvggpvj Rcpejc{cvu kp Xknncigu Cogpfogpv) qt cv qvjgt nqecn ngxgn Cev, 2000 F. Vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp 4. Ceegrvkpi vjg (Gkijv{-vjktf tgeqoogpfcvkqpu qh Cogpfogpv) vjg Vgpvj Hkpcpeg Cev, 2000 Eqookuukqp 5. Ceeqtfkpi vjg uvcvwu qh Pcvkqpcn Ecrkvcn Vgttkvqt{ vq Fgnjk Eqfgu< (c) C-5, D-1, E-4, F-2 (d) C-1, D-5, E-3, F-4 (e) C-5, D-1, E-3, F-4 (f) C-1, D-5, E-4, F-2 1:. Kh c pgy uvcvg qh vjg Kpfkcp Wpkqp ku vq dg etgcvgf, yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi uejgfwngu qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp owuv dg cogpfgfA ]4001_ (c) Hktuv (d) Ugeqpf (e) Vjktf (f) Hkhvj 1;. Ocvej Nkuv-K ykvj Nkuv-KK cpf ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfgu ikxgp dgnqy vjg nkuvu: ]4001_ Nkuv-K Nkuv-KK (Ctvkeng qh vjg (Eqpvgpv) Eqpuvkvwvkqp) C. Ctvkeng 54 1. Gngevkqp qh vjg Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc D. Ctvkeng 75 2. Crrqkpvogpv qh vjg Rtkog Okpkuvgt E. Ctvkeng 155 3. Crrqkpvogpv qh vjg Iqxgtpqt qh c Uvcvg F. Ctvkeng 164 4. Crrqkpvogpv qh vjg Ejkgh Okpkuvgt cpf Eqwpekn qh Okpkuvgtu qh c Uvcvg b 5. Eqorqukvkqp qh Ngikuncvkxg Cuugodnkgu Eqfgu< (c) C-1, D-2, E-3, F-4 (d) C-1, D-2, E-4, F-5 (e) C-2, D-1, E-3, F-5 (f) C-2, D-1, E-4, F-3 40. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi cogpfogpvu vq vjg Kpfkcp Eqpuvkvwvkqp gorqygtu vjg Rtgukfgpv vq ugpf dcem cp{ ocvvgt hqt tgeqpukfgtcvkqp d{ vjg Eqwpekn qh OkpkuvgtuA ]4004_ (c) 39vj (d) 40vj (e) 42pf (f) 44vj 41. Vjg 93tf Eqpuvkvwvkqp Cogpfogpv fgcnu ykvj vjg: ]4004_ (c) eqpvkpwcvkqp qh tgugtxcvkqp hqt dcemyctf encuugu kp iqxgtpogpv gornq{ogpv (d) htgg cpf eqorwnuqt{ gfwecvkqp hqt cnn ejknftgp dgvyggp vjg cig qh 6 cpf 14 {gctu (e) tgugtxcvkqp qh 30 rgtegpv rquvu hqt yqogp kp iqxgtpogpv tgetwkvogpvu (f) cnnqecvkqp qh oqtg pwodgt qh rctnkcogpvct{ ugcvu hqt tgegpvn{ etgcvgf Uvcvgu 44. Ocvej Nkuv-K (Ctvkeng qh Kpfkcp Eqpuvkvwvkqp) ykvj Nkuv -KK (Rtqxkukqpu) cpf ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfgu ikxgp dgnqy vjg nkuvu: ]4004_ Nkuv-K Nkuv-KK (Ctvkeng qh Kpfkcp (Rtqxkukqpu) Eqpuvkvwvkqp) C. Ctvkeng 16 (2) 1. Pq rgtuqp ujcnn dg fgrtkxgf qh jku rtqrgtv{ ucxg d{ vjg cwvjqtkv{ qh ncy D. Ctvkeng 29 (2) 2. Pq rgtuqp ecp dg fkuetkokpcvgf cickpuv kp vjg ocvvgt qh rwdnke crrqkpvogpv qp vjg itqwpf qh tceg, tgnkikqwu qt ecuvg E. Ctvkeng 30 (K) 3. Cnn okpqtkvkgu yjgvjgt dcugf qp tgnkikqp qt ncpiwcig ujcnn jcxg vq guvcdnkuj cpf cfokpkuvgt gfwecvkqpcn kpuvkvwvkqpu qh vjgkt ejqkeg F. Ctvkeng 31 (K) 4. Pq ekvk|gp ujcnn dg fgpkgf cfokuukqp kpvq cp{ gfwecvkqpcn kpuvkvwvkqp ockpvckpgf d{ vjg Uvcvg, qt tgegkxkpi Uvcvg ckf, qp itqwpfu qh tgnkikqp, tceg, ecuvg, ncpiwcig qt cp{ qh vjgo Eqfgu < (c) C-2, D-4, E-3, F-1 (d) C-3, D-1, E-2, F-4 (e) C-2, D-1, E-3, F-4 (f) C-3, D-4, E-2, F-1 45. Vjg rwtrqug qh vjg kpenwukqp qh Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh vjg Uvcvg Rqnke{ kp vjg Kpfkcp Eqpuvkvwvkqp ku vq guvcdnkuj: ]4004_ (c) rqnkvkecn fgoqetce{ (d) uqekcn fgoqetce{ (e) Icpfjkcp fgoqetce{ (f) uqekcn cpf geqpqoke fgoqetce{ 46. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi Ctvkengu qh vjg Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh vjg Uvcvg Rqnke{ fgcnu ykvj vjg rtqoqvkqp qh kpvgtpcvkqpcn rgceg cpf ugewtkv{A ]4004_ (c) 51 (d) 48 C (e) 43 C (f) 41 47. Vjg Pkpvj Uejgfwng vq vjg Kpfkcp Eqpuvkvwvkqp ycu cffgf d{: ]4005_ (c) Hktuv Cogpfogpv (d) Gkijvj Cogpfogpv (e) Pkpvj Cogpfogpv (f) Hqtv{ Ugeqpf Cogpfogpv 48. Wpfgt yjkej Ctvkeng qh vjg Kpfkcp Eqpuvkvwvkqp fkf vjg Rtgukfgpv ikxg jku cuugv vq vjg qtfkpcpeg qp gngevqtcn tghqtou yjgp kv ycu ugpv dcem vq jko d{ vjg Wpkqp Ecdkpgv ykvjqwv ocmkpi cp{ ejcpigu (kp vjg {gct 2002) A ]4005_ (c) Ctvkeng 121 (d) Ctvkeng 122 (e) Ctvkeng 123 (f) Ctvkeng 124 Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

C 4 Topicwise Solved Papers 49. Wpfgt yjkej Ctvkeng qh vjg Kpfkcp Eqpuvkvwvkqp fkf vjg Rtgukfgpv ocmg c tghgtgpeg vq vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv vq uggm vjg Eqwtv”u qrkpkqp qp vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqpcn xcnkfkv{ qh vjg Gngevkqp Eqookuukqp”u fgekukqp qp fghgttkpi vjg Iwlctcv Cuugodn{ Gngevkqpu (kp vjg {gct 2002) A ]4005_ (c) Ctvkeng 142 (d) Ctvkeng 143 (e) Ctvkeng 144 (f) Ctvkeng 145 4:. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi Ctvkengu qh vjg Kpfkcp Eqpuvkvwvkqp rtqxkfgu vjcv “Kv ujcnn dg vjg fwv{ qh vjg Wpkqp vq rtqvgev gxgt{ Uvcvg cickpuv gzvgtpcn ciitguukqp cpf kpvgtpcn fkuvwtdcpeg”A ]4005_ (c) Ctvkeng 215 (d) Ctvkeng 275 (e) Ctvkeng 325 (f) Ctvkeng 355 4;. Ocvej Nkuv-K ykvj Nkuv-KK cpf ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt: ]4005_ Nkuv-K (Kvgo kp vjg Nkuv-KK (Eqwpvt{ htqo Kpfkcp Eqpuvkvwvkqp) yjkej kv ycu fgtkxgf) C. Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu 1. Cwuvtcnkc qh Uvcvg Rqnke{ D. Hwpfcogpvcn Tkijvu 2. Ecpcfc E. Eqpewttgpv Nkuv kp 3. Ktgncpf Wpkqp-Uvcvg Tgncvkqpu F. Kpfkc cu c Wpkqp qh 4. Wpkvgf Mkpifqo Uvcvgu ykvj itgcvgt rqygtu vq vjg Wpkqp 5. Wpkvgf Uvcvgu qh Cogtkec Eqfgu< (c) C-5, D-4, E-1, F-2 (d) C-3, D-5, E-2, F-1 (e) C-5, D-4, E-2, F-1 (f) C-3, D-5, E-1, F-2 50. Yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi Eqpuvkvwvkqpcn Cogpfogpvu ctg tgncvgf vq tckukpi vjg pwodgt qh Ogodgtu qh Nqm Ucdjc vq dg gngevgf htqo vjg UvcvguA ]4005_ (c) 6vj cpf 22pf (d) 13vj cpf 38vj (e) 7vj cpf 31uv (f) 11vj cpf 42pf 51. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi uejgfwngu qh vjg Kpfkcp Eqpuvkvwvkqp nkuvu vjg pcogu qh uvcvgu cpf urgekhkgu vjgkt vgttkvqtkguA ]4005_ (c) Hktuv (d) Ugeqpf (e) Vjktf (f) Hqwtvj 54. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu eqttgevn{ fguetkdgu vjg Hqwtvj Uejgfwng qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh KpfkcA ]4006_ (c) Kv eqpvckpu vjg uejgog qh vjg fkuvtkdwvkqp qh rqygtu dgvyggp vjg Wpkqp cpf vjg Uvcvgu (d) Kv eqpvckpu vjg ncpiwcigu nkuvgf kp vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp (e) Kv eqpvckpu vjg rtqxkukqpu tgictfkpi vjg cfokpkuvtcvkqp qh vtkdcn ctgcu (f) Kv cnnqecvgu ugcvu kp vjg Eqwpekn qh Uvcvgu 55. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi Ctvkengu qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc uc{u vjcv vjg gzgewvkxg rqygt qh gxgt{ Uvcvg ujcnn dg uq gzgtekugf cu pqv vq korgfg qt rtglwfkeg vjg gzgtekug qh vjg gzgewvkxg rqygt qh vjg WpkqpA ]4006_ (c) Ctvkeng 257 (d) Ctvkeng 258 (e) Ctvkeng 355 (f) Ctvkeng 358 56. Ocvej Nkuv K (Ctvkengu qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc) ykvj Nkuv KK (Rtqxkukqp) cpf ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfgu ikxgp dgnqy vjg nkuvu: ]4006_ Nkuv-K Nkuv KK C. Ctvkeng 14 1. Vjg Uvcvg ujcnn pqv fkuetkokpcvg cickpuv cp{ ekvk|gp qp itqwpfu qpn{ qh tgnkikqp, tceg, ecuvg, ugz rnceg qh dktvj qt cp{ qh vgto D. Ctvkeng 15 2. Vjg Uvcvg ujcnn pqv fgp{ vq cp{ rgtuqp gswcnkv{ dghqtg vjg ncy qt vjg gswcn rtqvgevkqp qh ncyu ykvjkp vjg vgttkvqt{ qh Kpfkc E. Ctvkeng 16 3. “Wpvqwejcdknkv{” ku cdqnkujgf cpf kvu rtcevkeg kp cp{ htqo ku hqtdkffgp F. Ctvkeng 17 4. Vjgtg ujcnn dg gswcnkv{ qh qrrqtvwpkv{ hqt cnn ekvk|gpu kp ocvvgtu tgncvkpi vq gornq{ogpv qt crrqkpvogpv vq cp{ qhhkeg wpfgt vjg Uvcvg Eqfgu< (c) C-2, D-4, E-1, F-3 (d) C-3, D-1, E-4, F-2 (e) C-2, D-1, E-4, F-3 (f) C-3, D-4, E-1, F-2 57. Yjkej Ctvkeng qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc uc{u, “Pq ejknf dgnqy vjg cig qh hqwtvggp {gctu ujcnn vjg gornq{gf vq yqtm kp cp{ hcevqt{ qt okpg qt gpicigf kp cp{ qvjgt jc|ctfqwu gornq{ogpv”A ]4006_ (c) Ctvkeng 24 (d) Ctvkeng 45 (e) Ctvkeng 330 (f) Ctvkeng 368 58. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu: ]4007_ 1. Rctv KZ qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc rtqxkukqpu hqt Rcpej{cvu cpf ycu kpugtvgf d{ vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp (Cogpfogpv) Cev, 1992. 2. Rctv KZ C qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc eqpvckpu rtqxkukqpu hqt Owpkekrcnkvkgu cpf vjg Ctvkeng 243 S gpxkucigu vyq v{rgu qh Owpkekrcnkvkgu c Owpkekrcn Eqwpekn cpf c Owpkekrcn Eqtrqtcvkqp hqt gxgt{ Uvcvg. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) Qpn{ 1 (d) Qpn{ 2 (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 2 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 2 59. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu: ]4007_ 1. Ctvkeng 371 C vq 371 K ygtg kpugtvgf kp vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc vq oggv tgikqpcn fgocpfu qh Pcicncpf, Cuuco, Ocpkrwt, Cpfjtc Rtcfguj, Ukmmko, Ok|qtco, Ctwpejcn Rtcfguj cpf Iqc. 2. Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc cpf vjg Wpkvgf Uvcvgu qh Cogtkec gpxkucig c fwcn rqnke{ (Vjg Wpkqp cpf vjg Uvcvgu) dwv c ukping ekvkv|gpujkr. 3. C pcvwtcnk|gf ekvk|gp qh Kpfkc ecp pgxgt dg fgrtkxgf qh jku ekvk|gpujkr. Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

Constitution & Political System C 5 Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1, 2 cpf 3 (d) 1 cpf 3 (e) 3 qpn{ (f) 1 qpn{ 5:. Vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp (98vj Cogpfogpv) Cev ku tgncvgf vq: ]4007_ (c) gorqygtkpi vjg egpvtg vq ngx{ cpf crrtqrtkcvg ugtxkeg vcz (d) vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh vjg Pcvkqpcn Lwfkekcn Eqookuukqp (e) tgcflwuvogpv qh gngevqtcn eqpuvkvwgpekgu qp vjg dcuku qh vjg rqrwncvkqp egpuwu 2001 (e) vjg fgoctecvkqp qh pgy dqwpfctkgu dgvyggp Uvcvgu. 5;. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu: ]4007_ 1. Vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc jcu 20 rctvu. 2. Vjgtg ctg 390 Ctvkengu kp vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc kp cnn. 3. Pkpvj, Vgpvj, Gngxgpvj cpf Vygnhvj Uejgfwngu ygtg cffgf vq vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc d{ vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp (Cogpfogpv) Cevu. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 cpf 2 (d) 2 qpn{ (e) 3 qpn{ (f) 1, 2 cpf 3 60. Yjq coqpi vjg hqnnqykpi ycu vjg ejcktocp qh vjg Wpkqp Eqpuvkvwvkqp Eqookvvgg qh vjg Eqpuvkvwgpv Cuugodn{A ]4007_ (c) D.T. Codgfmct (d) L. D. Mtkrcncpk (e) Lcycjctcncn Pgjtw (f) Cnncfk Mtkujpcuycok C{{ct 61. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi uwdlgevu ku wpfgt vjg Wpkqp Nkuv kp vjg Ugxgpvj Uejgfwng qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc A ]4008_ (c) Tgiwncvkqp qh ncdqwt cpf uchgv{ kp okpgu cpf qknhkgnfu (d) Citkewnvwtg (e) Hkujgtkgu (f) Rwdnke Jgcnvj 64. Yjcv fqgu vjg 104vj Eqpuvkvwvkqp Cogpfogpv Dknn tgncvgf vqA ]4008_ (c) Cdqnkvkqp qh Ngikuncvkxg Eqwpeknu kp egtvckp uvcvgu. (d) Kpvtqfwevkqp qh fwcn ekvk|gpujkr hqt rgtuqpu qh Kpfkcp qtkikp nkxkpi qwvukfg Kpfkc. (e) Rtqxkfkpi swqvc vq uqekcnn{ cpf gfwecvkqpcnn{ dcemyctf encuugu kp rtkxcvg gfwecvkqpcn kpuvkvwvkqpu. (f) Rtqxkfkpi swqvc hqt tgnkikqwu okpqtkvkgu kp vjg ugtxkegu wpfgt vjg egpvtcn Iqxgtpogpv. 65. Yjkej qpg coqpi vjg hqnnqykpi eqookuukqp ycu ugv wr kp rwtuwcpeg qh c fghkpkvg rtqxkukqp wpfgt cp Ctvkeng qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh KpfkcA ]4008_ (c) Wpkxgtukv{ Itcpvu Eqookuukqp (d) Pcvkqpcn Jwocp Tkijvu Eqookuukqp ( e) Gngevkqp Eqookuukqp (f) Egpvtcn Xkikncpeg Eqookuukqp 66. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu: ]4008_ 1. Htgg cpf eqorwnuqt{ gfwecvkqp vq vjg ejknftgp qh 6-14 {gctu cig-itqwr d{ vjg Uvcvg d{ vjg ugxgpv{- ukzvj Cogpfogpv vq vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc. 2. Uctxc Ujkmujc Cdjk{cp uggmu vq rtqxkfg eqorwvgt gfwecvkqp gxgp kp twtcn ctgcu. 3. Gfwecvkqp ycu kpenwfgf kp vjg Eqpewttgpv Nkuv d{ vjg Hqtv{-ugeqpf Cogpfogpv, 1976 vq vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc”. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ctg eqttgevA (c) 1, 2 cpf 3 (d) 1 cpf 2 (e) 2 cpf 3 (f) 1 cpf 3 67. Yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi Eqpuvkvwvkqp Cogpfogpv Cevu uggmu vjcv vjg uk|g qh vjg Eqwpeknu qh Okpkuvgtu cv vjg Egpvtg cpf kp c Uvcvg owuv pqv gzeggf 15 rgt egpv qh vjg vqvcn pwodgt qh ogodgtu kp vjg Nqm Ucdjc cpf vjg vqvcn pwodgt qh ogodgtu qh vjg Ngikuncvkxg Cuugodn{ qh vjcv Uvcvg, tgurgevkxgn{A ]4009_ (c) 91uv (d) 93tf (e) 95vj (f) 97vj 68. Yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi ku/ctg kpenwfgf kp vjg Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh vjg Uvcvg Rqnke{A ]400:_ 1. Rtqjkdkvkqp qh vtchhke kp jwocp dgkpiu cpf hqtegf ncdqwt 2. Rtqjkdkvkqp qh eqpuworvkqp gzegrv hqt ogfkekpcn rwtrqugu qh kpvqzkecvkpi ftkpmu cpf qh qvjgt ftwiu yjkej ctg kplwtkqwu vq jgcnvj Ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfg ikxgp dgnqy: Eqfg< (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 2 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 2 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 2 69. Yjkej Uejgfwng qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc eqpvckpu : Urgekcn rtqxkukqpu hqt vjg cfokpkuvtcvkqp cpf eqpvtqn qh Uejgfwngf Ctgcu kp ugxgtcn UvcvguA ]400:_ (c) Vjktf (d) Hkhvj (e) Ugxgpvj (f) Pkpvj 6:. Wpfgt yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi Eqpuvkvwvkqp Cogpfogpv Cevu, hqwt ncpiwcigu ygtg cffgf vq vjg nkuv qh ncpiwcigu wpfgt vjg Gkijvj Uejgfwng qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc, vjgtgd{ tckukpi vjgkt pwodgt vq 22A ]400:_ (c) Eqpuvkvwvkqp (Pkpgvkgvj Cogpfogpv) Cev (d) Eqpuvkvwvkqp (Pkpgv{-hktuv Cogpfogpv) Cev (e) Eqpuvkvwvkqp (Pkpgv{-ugeqpf Cogpfogpv) Cev (f) Eqpuvkvwvkqp (Pkpgv{-vjktf Cogpfogpv) Cev 6;. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi Eqpuvkvwvkqpcn Cogpfogpvu uvcvgu vjcv vjg vqvcn pwodgt qh Okpkuvgtu, kpenwfkpi vjg Rtkog Okpkuvgt, kp vjg Eqwpekn qh Okpkuvgt ujcnn pqv gzeggf hkhvggp rgtegpv qh vjg vqvcn pwodgt qh ogodgtu qh vjg Jqwug qh vjg RgqrngA ]400;_ (c) 90vj (d) 91uv (e) 92 pf (f) 93 tf 70. Ykvj tghgtgpeg vq vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc, eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi : ]4010_ 1. Hwpfcogpvcn Tkijvu 2. Hwpfcogpvcn Fwvkgu 3. Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh vjg Uvcvg Rqnke{ Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

C 6 Topicwise Solved Papers Yjkej qh vjg cdqxg rtqxkukqpu qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc ku/ctg hwnhknngf d{ vjg Pcvkqpcn Uqekcn Cuukuvcpeg Rtqitcoog ncwpejgf d{ vjg iqxgtpogpv qh KpfkcA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 3 qpn{ (e) 1 cpf 3 qpn{ (f) 1, 2 cpf 3 71. Wpfgt vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc, yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi ku pqv c hwpfcogpvcn fwv{ A ]4011 - K_ (c) Vq xqvg kp rwdnke gngevkqpu (d) Vq fgxgnqr vjg uekgpvkhke vgorgt (e) Vq uchgiwctf rwdnke rtqrgtv{ (f) Vq cdkfg d{ vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp cpf tgurgev kvu kfgcnu 74. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi rtqxkukqpu wpfgt vjg Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh Uvcvg Rqnke{ cu gpujtkpgf kp vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc : ]4014 - K_ 1. Ugewtkpi hqt ekvk|gpu qh Kpfkc c wpkhqto ekxkn eqfg 2. Qticpk|kpi xknncig Rcpejc{cvu 3. Rtqoqvkpi eqvvcig kpfwuvtkgu kp twtcn ctgcu 4. Ugewtkpi hqt cnn vjg yqtmgtu tgcuqpcdng ngkuwtg cpf ewnvwtcn qrrqtvwpkvkgu Yjkej qh vjg cdqxg ctg vjg Icpfjkcp Rtkpekrngu vjcv ctg tghngevgf kp vjg Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh Uvcvg Rqnke{A (c) 1, 2 cpf 4 qpn{ (d) 2 cpf 3 qpn{ (e) 1, 3 cpf 4 qpn{ (f) 1, 2, 3 cpf 4 75. Yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi urgekcn rqygtu jcxg dggp eqphgttgf qp vjg Tcl{c Ucdjc d{ vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh KpfkcA ]4014 - K_ (c) Vq ejcpig vjg gzkuvkpi vgttkvqt{ qh c Uvcvg cpf vq ejcpig vjg pcog qh c Uvcvg (d) Vq rcuu c tguqnwvkqp gorqygtkpi vjg Rctnkcogpv vq ocmg ncyu kp vjg Uvcvg Nkuv cpf vq etgcvg qpg qt oqtg Cnn Kpfkc Ugtxkegu (e) Vq cogpf vjg gngevkqp rtqegfwtg qh vjg Rtgukfgpv cpf vq fgvgtokpg vjg rgpukqp qh vjg Rtgukfgpv chvgt jku/jgt tgvktgogpv (f) Vq fgvgtokpg vjg hwpevkqpu qh vjg Gngevkqp Eqookuukqp cpf vq fgvgtokpg vjg pwodgt qh Gngevkqp Eqookuukqpgtu 76. Yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi rtqxkukqpu qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc jcxg c dgctkpi qp GfwecvkqpA ]4014 - K_ 1. Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh Uvcvg Rqnke{ 2. Twtcn cpf Wtdcp Nqecn Dqfkgu 3. Hkhvj Uejgfwng 4. Ukzvj Uejgfwng 5. Ugxgpvj Uejgfwng Ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfgu ikxgp dgnqy : (c) 1 cpf 2 qpn{ (d) 3, 4 cpf 5 qpn{ (e) 1, 2 cpf 5 qpn{ (f) 1, 2, 3, 4 cpf 5 77. Ceeqtfkpi vq vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc, kv ku vjg fwv{ qh vjg Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc vq ecwug vq dg nckf dghqtg vjg Rctnkcogpv yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpiA ]4014 - K_ 1. Vjg Tgeqoogpfcvkqpu qh vjg Wpkqp Hkpcpeg Eqookuukqp 2. Vjg Tgrqtv qh vjg Rwdnke Ceeqwpvu Eqookvvgg 3. Vjg Tgrqtv qh vjg Eqorvtqnngt cpf Cwfkvqt Igpgtcn 4. Vjg Tgrqtv qh vjg Pcvkqpcn Eqookuukqp hqt Uejgfwngf Ecuvgu Ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfgu ikxgp dgnqy : (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 2 cpf 4 qpn{ (e) 1, 3 cpf 4 qpn{ (f) 1, 2, 3 cpf 4 78. Yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi ku/ctg coqpi vjg Hwpfcogpvcn Fwvkgu qh ekvk|gpu nckf fqyp kp vjg Kpfkcp EqpuvkvwvkqpA ]4014 - K_ 1. Vq rtgugtxg vjg tkej jgtkvcig qh qwt eqorqukvg ewnvwtg 2. Vq rtqvgev vjg ygcmgt ugevkqpu htqo uqekcn kplwuvkeg 3. Vq fgxgnqr vjg uekgpvkhke vgorgt cpf urktkv qh kpswkt{ 4. Vq uvtkxg vqyctfu gzegnngpeg kp cnn urjgtgu qh kpfkxkfwcn cpf eqnngevkxg cevkxkv{ Ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfgu ikxgp dgnqy : (c) 1 cpf 2 qpn{ (d) 2 qpn{ (e) 1, 3 cpf 4 qpn{ (f) 1, 2, 3 cpf 4 79. Vjg fkuvtkdwvkqp qh rqygtu dgvyggp vjg Egpvtg cpf vjg Uvcvgu kp vjg Kpfkcp Eqpuvkvwvkqp ku dcugf qp vjg Cev rtqxkfgf kp vjg ]4014 - K_ (c) Oqtng{-Okpvq Tghqtou, 1909 (d) Oqpvciw-Ejgnouhqtf Cev, 1919 (e) Iqxgtpogpv qh Kpfkc Cev, 1935 (f) Kpfkcp Kpfgrgpfgpeg Cev, 1947 7:. Ykvj tghgtgpeg vq Kpfkcp Jkuvqt{, vjg Ogodgtu qh vjg Eqpuvkvwgpv Cuugodn{ htqo vjg Rtqxkpegu ygtg ]4015 - K_ (c) fktgevn{ gngevgf d{ vjg rgqrng qh vjqug Rtqxkpegu (d) pqokpcvgf d{ vjg Kpfkcp Pcvkqpcn Eqpitguu cpf vjg Owunko Ngciwg (e) gngevgf d{ vjg Rtqxkpekcn Ngikuncvkxg Cuugodnkgu (f) ugngevgf d{ vjg Iqxgtpogpv hqt vjgkt gzrgtvkug kp eqpuvkvwvkqpcn ocvvgtu 7;. Ceeqtfkpi vq vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc, yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi ctg hwpfcogpvcn hqt vjg iqxgtpcpeg qh vjg eqwpvt{A ]4015 - K_ (c) Hwpfcogpvcn Tkijvu (d) Hwpfcogpvcn Fwvkgu (e) Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh Uvcvg Rqnke{ (f) Hwpfcogpvcn Tkijvu cpf Hwpfcogpvcn Fwvkgu 80. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu: ]4015 - K_ 1. Cp cogpfogpv vq vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc ecp dg kpkvkcvgf d{ cp kpvtqfwevkqp qh c dknn kp vjg Nqm Ucdjc qpn{. 2. Kh uwej cp cogpfogpv uggmu vq ocmg ejcpigu kp vjg hgfgtcn ejctcevgt qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp, vjg cogpfogpv cnuq tgswktgu vq dg tcvkhkgf d{ vjg ngikuncvwtg qh cnn vjg Uvcvgu qh Kpfkc. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 2 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 2 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 2 Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

Constitution & Political System C 7 81. Yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi dqfkgu fqgu pqv/fq pqv hkpf ogpvkqp kp vjg EqpuvkvwvkqpA ]4015 - K_ 1. Pcvkqpcn Fgxgnqrogpv Eqwpekn 2. Rncppkpi Eqookuukqp 3. \qpcn Eqwpeknu Ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfgu ikxgp dgnqy. (c) 1 cpf 2 qpn{ (d) 2 qpn{ (e) 1 cpf 3 qpn{ (f) 1, 2 cpf 3 84. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu: ]4015 - K_ 1. Pcvkqpcn Fgxgnqrogpv Eqwpekn ku cp qticp qh vjg Rncppkpi Eqookuukqp. 2. Vjg Geqpqoke cpf Uqekcn Rncppkpi ku mgrv kp vjg Eqpewttgpv Nkuv kp vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc. 3. Vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc rtguetkdgu vjcv Rcpejc{cvu ujqwnf dg cuukipgf vjg vcum qh rtgrctcvkqp qh rncpu hqt geqpqoke fgxgnqrogpv cpf uqekcn lwuvkeg. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 2 cpf 3 qpn{ (e) 1 cpf 3 qpn{ (f) 1, 2 cpf 3 85. “Geqpqoke Lwuvkeg” cu qpg qh vjg qdlgevkxgu qh vjg Kpfkcp Eqpuvkvwvkqp jcu dggp rtqxkfgf kp ]4015 - K_ (c) vjg Rtgcodng cpf vjg Hwpfcogpvcn Tkijvu (d) vjg Rtgcodng cpf vjg Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh Uvcvg Rqnke{ (e) vjg Hwpfcogpvcn Tkijvu cpf vjg Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh Uvcvg Rqnke{ (f) Pqpg qh vjg cdqxg 86. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi Uejgfwngu qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc eqpvckpu rtqxkukqpu tgictfkpi cpvk-fghgevkqpA ]4016 - K_ (c) Ugeqpf Uejgfwng (d) Hkhvj Uejgfwng (e) Gkijvj Uejgfwng (f) Vgpvj Uejgfwng 87. Kp vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc, rtqoqvkqp qh kpvgtpcvkqpcn rgceg cpf ugewtkv{ ku kpenwfgf kp vjg ]4016 - K_ (c) Rtgcodng vq vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp (d) Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh Uvcvg Rqnke{ (e) Hwpfcogpvcn Fwvkgu (f) Pkpvj Uejgfwng 88. Vjg rtqxkukqpu kp Hkhvj Uejgfwng cpf Ukzvj Uejgfwng kp vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc ctg ocfg kp qtfgt vq ]4017-K_ (c) rtqvgev vjg kpvgtguvu qh Uejgfwngf Vtkdgu (d) fgvgtokpg vjg dqwpfctkgu dgvyggp Uvcvgu (e) fgvgtokpg vjg rqygtu, cwvjqtkv{ cpf tgurqpukdknkvkgu qh Rcpejc{cvu (f) rtqvgev vjg kpvgtguvu qh cnn vjg dqtfgt Uvcvgu 89. Yjq/Yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi ku vjg ewuvqfkcp qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh KpfkcA ]4017-K_ (c) Vjg Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc (d) Vjg Rtkog Okpkuvgt qh Kpfkc (e) Vjg Nqm Ucdjc Ugetgvctkcv (f) Vjg Uwrtgog eqwtv qh Kpfkc 8:. "Vq wrjqnf cpf rtqvgev vjg Uqxgtgkipv{, Wpkv{ cpf Kpvgitkv{ qh Kpfkc" ku c rtqxkukqp ocfg kp vjg ]4017-K_ (c) Rtgcodng qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp (d) Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh Uvcvg Rqnke{ (e) Hwpfcogpvcn Tkijvu (f) Hwpfcogpvcn Fwvkgu 8;. Vjg kfgcn qh Ygnhctg Uvcvg' kp vjg Kpfkcp Eqpuvkvwvkqp ku gpujtkpgf kp kvu ]4017-K_ (c) Rtgcodng (d) Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh Uvcvg Rqnke{ (e) Hwpfcogpvcn Tkijvu (f) Ugxgpvj Uejgfwng 90. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu tgictfkpi vjg Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh Uvcvg Rqnke{: ]4017-K_ 1. Vjg Rtkpekrngu urgnn qwv vjg uqekq-geqpqoke fgoqetce{ kp vjg eqwpvt{. 2. Vjg rtqxkukqpu eqpvckpgf kp vjgug Rtkpekrngu ctg pqv gphqtegcdng d{ cp{ eqwtv. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku / ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 2 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 2 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 2 91. Vjg Rctnkcogpv qh Kpfkc ceswktgu vjg rqygt vq ngikuncvg qp cp{ kvgo kp vjg Uvcvg Nkuv kp vjg pcvkqpcn kpvgtguv kh c tguqnwvkqp vq vjcv ghhgev ku rcuugf d{ vjg ]4018-K_ (c) Nqm Ucdjc d{ c ukorng oclqtkv{ qh kvu vqvcn ogodgtujkr (d) Nqm Ucdjc d{ c oclqtkv{ qh pqv nguu vjcp vyqvjktfu qh kvu vqvcn ogodgtujkr (e) Tcl{c Ucdjc d{ c ukorng oclqtkv{ qh kvu vqvcn ogodgtujkr (f) Tcl{c Ucdjc d{ c oclqtkv{ qh pqv nguu vjcp vyqvjktfu qh kvu ogodgtu rtgugpv cpf xqvkpi 94. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi qdlgevkxgu ku pqv godqfkgf kp vjg Rtgcodng vq vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh KpfkcA [2017-I] (c) Nkdgtv{ qh vjqwijv (d) Geqpqoke nkdgtv{ (e) Nkdgtv{ qh gzrtguukqp (f) Nkdgtv{ qh dgnkgh 95. Vjg okpf qh vjg ocmgtu qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc ku tghngevgf kp yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpiA [2017-I] (c) Vjg Rtgcodng (d) Vjg Hwpfcogpvcn Tkijvu (e) Vjg Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh Uvcvg Rqnke{ (f) Vjg Hwpfcogpvcn Fwvkgu 96. Yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi ctg gpxkucigf d{ vjg Tkijv cickpuv Gzrnqkvcvkqp kp vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh KpfkcA [2017-I] 1. Rtqjkdkvkqp qh vtchhke kp jwocp dgkpiu cpf hqtegf ncdqwt 2. Cdqnkvkqp qh wpvqwejcdknkv{ 3. Rtqvgevkqp qh vjg kpvgtguvu qh okpqtkvkgu 4. Rtqjkdkvkqp qh gornq{ogpv qh ejknftgp kp hcevqtkgu cpf okpgu Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

C 8 Topicwise Solved Papers Ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfg ikxgp dgnqy: (c) 1, 2 cpf 4 qpn{ (d) 2, 3 cpf 4 qpn{ (e) 1 cpf 4 qpn{ (f) 1, 2, 3 cpf 4 97. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu ku eqttgevA [2017-I] (c) Tkijvu ctg enckou qh vjg Uvcvg cickpuv vjg ekvk|gpu. (d) Tkijvu ctg rtkxkngigu yjkej ctg kpeqtrqtcvgf kp vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh c Uvcvg. (e) Tkijvu ctg enckou qh vjg ekvk|gpu cickpuv vjg Uvcvg. (f) Tkijvu ctg rtkxkngigu qh c hgy ekvk|gpu cickpuv vjg ocp{. 98. Yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu ku/ctg vtwg qh vjg Hwpfcogpvcn Fwvkgu qh cp Kpfkcp ekvk|gpA [2017-I] 1. C ngikuncvkxg rtqeguu jcu dggp rtqxkfgf vq gphqteg vjgug fwvkgu. 2. Vjg{ ctg eqttgncvkxg vq ngicn fwvkgu. Ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfg ikxgp dgnqy: (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 2 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 2 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 2 99. Kp vjg eqpvgzv qh Kpfkc, yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi ku vjg eqttgev tgncvkqpujkr dgvyggp Tkijvu cpf FwvkguA [2017-I] (c) Tkijvu ctg eqttgncvkxg ykvj Fwvkgu. (d) Tkijvu ctg rgtuqpcn cpf jgpeg kpfgrgpfgpv qh uqekgv{ cpf Fwvkgu. (e) Tkijvu, pqv Fwvkgu, ctg korqtvcpv hqt vjg cfxcpegogpv qh vjg rgtuqpcnkv{ qh vjg ekvk|gp. (f) Fwvkgu, pqv Tkijvu, ctg korqtvcpv hqt vjg uvcdknkv{ qh vjg Uvcvg. 9:. Yjkej rtkpekrng coqpi vjg 'hqnnqykpi ycu cffgf vq vjg Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh Uvcvg Rqnke{ d{ vjg 42pf Cogpfogpv vq vjg EqpuvkvwvkqpA [2017-I] (c) Gswcn rc{ hqt gswcn yqtm hqt dqvj ogp cpf yqogp (d) Rctvkekrcvkqp qh yqtmgtu kp vjg ocpcigogpv qh kpfwuvtkgu (e) Tkijv vq yqtm, gfwecvkqp cpf rwdnke cuukuvcpeg (f) Ugewtkpi nkxkpi ycig cpf jwocp eqpfkvkqpu qh yqtm vq yqtmgtu 9;. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu: [2017-I] Ykvj tghgtgpeg vq vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc, vjg Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh Uvcvg Rqnke{ eqpuvkvwvg nkokvcvkqpu wrqp 1. ngikuncvkxg hwpevkqp. 2. gzgewvkxg hwpevkqp. Yjkej qh vjg cdqxg uvcvgogpvu ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 2 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 2 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 2 Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

Constitution & Political System C 9 1. (d) Dguv cpuygt ku 1, 2 cpf 3. Dgecwug qpn{ Kpvgt Uvcvg Eqwpekn ku c eqpuvkvwvkqpcn dqf{ wpfgt ctvkeng 263. Uq qrvkqp 4 ujqwnf pqv dg kpenwfgf. 4. (c) Rctnkcogpv oc{ d{ ncy rtqxkfg hqt vjg cdqnkvkqp qh vjg Ngikuncvkxg Eqwpekn qh c Uvcvg jcxkpi uwej c eqwpekn qt hqt vjg etgcvkqp qh uwej c eqwpekn kp c uvcvg jcxkpi pq uwej eqwpekn, kh vjg Ngikuncvkxg Cuugodn{ qh vjg uvcvg rcuugu c tguqnwvkqp vq vjcv ghhgev d{ c oclqtkv{ qh vjg vqvcn ogodgtujkr qh vjg Cuugodn{ cpf d{ c oclqtkv{ qh pqv nguu vjcp vyq-vjktfu qh vjg ogodgtu qh vjg Cuugodn{ rtgugpv cpf xqvkpi. 5. (f) Ceeqtfkpi vq Ctvkeng 156, vjg Iqxgtpqt ujcnn jqnf qhhkeg fwtkpi vjg rngcuwtg qh vjg Rtgukfgpv, vjg Iqxgtpqt oc{, d{ ytkvkpi wpfgt jku jcpf cfftguugf vq vjg Rtgukfgpv, tgukip jku qhhkeg. Uwdlgev vq vjg hqtgiqkpi rtqxkukqpu qh vjku ctvkeng, c Iqxgtpqt ujcnn jqnf hqt c vgto qh hkxg {gctu htqo vjg fcvg qp yjkej jg gpvgtu wrqp jku qhhkeg. Rtqxkfgf vjcv c Iqxgtpqt ujcnn, pqvykvjuvcpfkpi vjg gzrktcvkqp qh jku vgto, eqpvkpwg vq jqnf qhhkeg wpvkn jku uweeguuqt gpvgtu wrqp jku qhhkeg. 6. (c) Cdqnkvkqp qh Ngikuncvkxg Eqwpekn qh c uvcvg fqgu pqv pggf vjg tcvkhkecvkqp qh pqv nguu vjcp qpg jcnh uvcvgu. Wpfgt Ctv. 169, kv jcu dggp ogpvkqpgf vjcv Rctnkcogpv ecp etgcvg qt cdqnkuj vjg eqwpekn kh vjcv gxgt{ Uvcvg rcuugu c tguqnwvkqp vq fq uq ykvj urgekcn oclqtkv{. Uq ftqr rqkpv 4. 7. (d) RO tgukipu, kh jg nqugu vjg oclqtkv{ kp vjg jqwug ku c eqpxgpvkqp cpf pqv ogpvkqpgf kp vjg eqpuvkvwvkqp. Eqpxgpvkqpu ctg wpytkvvgp rtcevkegu yjkej ctg dkpfkpi qp vjg vjtgg qticpu qh vjg Uvcvg. Wpnkmg vjg Rtgukfgpv, vjg Rtkog Okpkuvgt fqgu pqv jcxg c hkzgf vgpwtg. Vjg hwnn vgto qh vjg Rtkog Okpkuvgt ku hkxg {gctu, yjkej eqkpekfgu ykvj vjg pqtocn nkhg qh vjg Nqm Ucdjc. Jqygxgt, vjg vgto ecp gpf uqqpgt kh jg nqugu vjg xqvg qh eqphkfgpeg kp vjg Nqygt Jqwug. Uq, kv ecp dg uckf vjcv jg tgockpu kp rqygt cu nqpi cu jg gplq{u vjg eqphkfgpeg qh vjg Nqm Ucdjc. Vjg Rtkog Okpkuvgt ecp cnuq tgukip d{ ytkvkpi vq vjg Rtgukfgpv. Vjgtg ctg pq vgto nkokvu qp vjg qhhkeg qh vjg Rtkog Okpkuvgt. Vjgtg ku cnuq pq qhhkekcn tgvktgogpv cig. 8. (e) Uvcvgogpv ikxgp wpfgt qrvkqp (e) ku pqv ogpvkqpgf kp 73tf cogpfogpv cev. Dwv vjku pqto ku crrnkgf kp Jct{cpc, Tclcuvjcp, OR, Qfkujc cpf Cpfjtc Rtcfguj. 9. (f) Cuugtvkqp ku ytqpi cu tgugtxcvkqp hqt yqogp kp Rctnkcogpv cpf uvcvg ngikuncvwtg yqwnf tgswktg c eqpuvkvwvkqpcn cogpfogpv. :. (d) Uvcvgogpv 1 ku eqttgev cu rgt rtqxkukqpu wpfgt Ctvkeng 59. Uvcvgogpv 2 ku eqttgev cu ceeqtfkpi vq Ctvkeng 79, Rctnkcogpv ujcnn eqpukuv qh vjg Rtgukfgpv cpf vyq Jqwugu. ;. (d) Vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc ycu gpcevgf qp Pqx. 26, 1949 dwv kv ycu eqoogpegf qp Lcp. 26, 1950. 10. (f) Vgpvj uejgfwng ycu cffgf d{ vjg 52pf Eqpuvkvwvkqpcn Cogpfogpv Cev, 1985. Kv rtqxkfgu hqt cpvk-fghgevkqp ncy. 11. (e) Vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc tgeqipk|gu tgnkikqwu cpf nkpiwkuvke okpqtkvkgu wpfgt ctvkeng 29 cpf 30 (Ewnvwtcn cpf Gfwecvkqpcn tkijvu). Jqygxgt kv fqgu pqv fghkpg vjg vgto Okpqtkv{. 14. (f) Cp cogpfogpv vq vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc ecp dg kpkvkcvgf d{ gkvjgt Jqwug qh Rctnkcogpv wpfgt ctvkeng 368. Kv fqgu pqv tgswktg vjg Rtgukfgpv'u tgeqoogpfcvkqp. 15. (d) Uvcvgogpv 3 ku kpeqttgev cu c ecpfkfcvg ujcnn pqv dg cnnqygf vq eqpvguv htqo oqtg vjcp vyq eqpuvkvwgpekgu, kv cnuq cffu qrvkqpu 1 cpf 2. 16. (e) 73tf Cogpfogpv Cev cffgf Gngxgpvj Uejgfwng vq vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp cpf Rctv KZ, yjkej rtqxkfgu hqt vjg Rcpejc{cvk Tcl U{uvgo. 17. (e) Ctvkeng 350C ycu kpugtvgf d{ 7vj Eqpuvkvwvkqpcn Cogpfogpv cev 1956. Kv uc{u, kv ujcnn dg vjg gpfgcxqwt qh gxgt{ Uvcvg cpf qh gxgt{ nqecn cwvjqtkv{ ykvjkp vjg Uvcvg vq rtqxkfg cfgswcvg hceknkvkgu hqt kpuvtwevkqp kp vjg oqvjgt-vqpiwg cv vjg rtkoct{ uvcig qh gfwecvkqp vq ejknftgp dgnqpikpi vq nkpiwkuvke okpqtkv{ itqwru; cpf vjg Rtgukfgpv oc{ kuuwg uwej fktgevkqpu vq cp{ Uvcvg cu jg eqpukfgtu pgeguuct{ qt rtqrgt hqt ugewtkpi vjg rtqxkukqp qh uwej hceknkvkgu. Ctvkeng 349 ˜ Urgekcn Rtqegfwtg hqt gpcevogpv qh egtvckp ncyu tgncvkpi vq ncpiwcig; Ctvkeng 350 ˜ Ncpiwcig vq dg wugf kp tgrtgugpvcvkqpu hqt tgftguu qh itkgxcpegu; Ctvkeng 351 ˜ Fktgevkxg hqt fgxgnqrogpv qh vjg Jkpfk ncpiwcig. 18. (f) Hqwtvj uejgfwng cnnqecvgu ugcvu kp vjg Eqwpekn qh Uvcvgu k.g. Tcl{c Ucdjc. 19. (c) 1:. (c) Hktuv uejgfwng eqpvckpu pcogu qh vjg Uvcvgu cpf WVu, vjcv”u yj{ kv ujqwnf dg cogpfgf, kh c pgy uvcvg ku etgcvgf. 1;. (c) 40. (f) 44vj Dghqtg vjg 42pf cogpfogpv, Ctvkeng 74(1) uvcvgf vjcv, "vjgtg ujcnn dg c Eqwpekn qh Okpkuvgtu ykvj vjg Rtkog Okpkuvgt cv vjg jgcf vq ckf cpf cfxkug vjg Rtgukfgpv kp vjg gzgtekug qh jku hwpevkqpu". Jqygxgt, vjgtg ycu c unkijv codkiwkv{ yjgvjgt vjg cfxkeg qh vjg Eqwpekn qh Okpkuvgtu ku dkpfkpi qp vjg Rtgukfgpv. Hqtv{-ugeqpf Cogpfogpv qh vjg 42pf Eqpuvkvwvkqpcn Cogpfogpv (1976) ocfg kv gzrnkekv vjcv vjg Rtgukfgpv ujcnn, "cev kp ceeqtfcpeg ykvj uwej cfxkeg". Vjg cogpfogpv ygpv kpvq ghhgev htqo 3 Lcpwct{, 1977. Vjg 44vj Cogpfogpv (1978) jqygxgt cffgf vjcv vjg Rtgukfgpv ecp ugpf vjg cfxkeg dcem hqt tgeqpukfgtcvkqp qpeg. Dwv kh vjg Eqwpekn qh Okpkuvgtu ugpfu vjg ucog cfxkeg cickp vq vjg Rtgukfgpv vjgp vjg Rtgukfgpv owuv ceegrv kv. Vjg cogpfogpv ygpv kpvq ghhgev htqo 20 Lwpg, 1979. HINTS & SOLUTIONS Explanations Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

C 10 Topicwise Solved Papers 41. (d) Ceeqtfkpi vq 93tf Cogpfogpv gxgt{ Ejknf qh vjg cig itqwr qh 6-14 {gctu ujcnn jcxg tkijv vq htgg cpf eqorwnuqt{ Gfwecvkqp. Pq ejknf ku nkcdng vq rc{ cp{ mkpf qh hgg/ ecrkvcvkqp hgg/ ejctigu. C eqnngevkqp qh ecrkvcvkqp hgg kpxkvgu c hkpg wr vq 10 vkogu vjg coqwpv eqnngevgf. 44. (c) Vjgug ctg Hwpfcogpvcn Tkijvu wpfgt Rctv KKK qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqpo, twpu htqo Ctv 14 ˜ 32. 45. (f) Vjg rwtrqug qh Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh Uvcvg Rqnke{ ku vq guvcdnkuj vjg uqekcn cpf geqpqoke fgoqetce{. Rqnkvkecn fgoqetce{ ku guvcdnkujgf d{ vjg Hwpfcogpvcn Tkijvu. 46. (c) Vjku eqogu wpfgt Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh Uvcvg Rqnke{ wpfgt rctv KX qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp. Ctvkeng 51 uvcvgu vjcv vjg uvcvg ujcnn gpfgcxqwt vq rtqoqvg kpvgtpcvkqpcn rgceg cpf ugewtkv{. 47. (c) Pkpvj Uejgfwng ycu cffgf d{ Hktuv Cogpfogpv Cev qh 1951, yjkej tgncvgu vq Ncpf Tghqtou. 48. (e) Rtgukfgpv ecp kuuwg Qtfkpcpeg wpfgt Ctvkeng 123. 49. (d) Ctvkeng 143 rtqxkfgu rqygt vq vjg Rtgukfgpv vq eqpuwnv vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv. 4:. (f) Ceeqtfkpi Ctvkeng 355, kv ujcnn dg vjg fwv{ qh vjg Wpkqp vq rtqvgev gxgt{ Uvcvg cickpuv gzvgtpcn ciitguukqp cpf kpvgtpcn fkuvwtdcpeg cpf vq gpuwtg vjcv vjg iqxgtpogpv qh gxgt{ Uvcvg ku ecttkgf qp kp ceeqtfcpeg ykvj vjg rtqxkukqpu qh vjku Eqpuvkvwvkqp. 4;. (f) Dqttqygf hgcvwtgu htqo fkhhgtgpv eqwpvtkgu ctg eqttgev. 50. (e) 7vj Cogpfogpv Cev 1956 rtqxkfgu hqt eqorqukvkqp qh vjg Jqwug qh vjg Rgqrng cpf tgcflwuvogpv chvgt gxgt{ egpuwu. 31uv cogpfogpv cev 1973 rtqxkfgu hqt tckukpi vjg wrrgt nkokv hqt vjg tgrtgugpvcvkqp qh uvcvgu kp vjg Nqm Ucdjc htqo 500 vq 525 cpf tgfwekpi vjg wrrgt nkokv hqt vjg tgrtgugpvcvkqp qh WVu htqo 25 vq 20. 51. (c) Vjg 'Hktuv Uejgfwng' qh vjg eqpuvkvwvkqp fgcnu ykvj nkuv qh Uvcvgu cpf Wpkqp Vgttkvqtkgu. 54. (f) Hqwtvj uejgfwng cnnqecvgu ugcvu kp vjg Eqwpekn qh Uvcvgu k.g. Tcl{c Ucdjc (Wrrgt Jqwug qh Rctnkcogpv). 55. (c) Ctvkeng 257 kp vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp uvcvgu vjcv vjg gzgewvkxg rqygt qh gxgt{ Uvcvg ujcnn dg uq gzgtekugf cu pqv vq korgfg qt rtglwfkeg vjg gzgtekug qh vjg gzgewvkxg rqygt qh vjg Wpkqp, cpf vjg gzgewvkxg rqygt qh vjg Wpkqp ujcnn gzvgpf vq vjg ikxkpi qh uwej fktgevkqpu vq c Uvcvg cu oc{ crrgct vq vjg Iqxgtpogpv qh Kpfkc vq dg pgeguuct{ hqt vjcv rwtrqug. Ctvkeng 258: Rqygt qh vjg Wpkqp vq eqphgt rqygtu qp vjg Uvcvgu kp egtvckp ecugu; Ctvkeng 355: Fwv{ qh vjg Wpkqp vq rtqvgev Uvcvgu cickpuv gzvgtpcn ciitguukqp cpf kpvgtpcn fkuvwtdcpeg; Ctvkeng 358: Uwurgpukqp qh rtqxkukqpu qh Ctvkeng 19 fwtkpi gogtigpekgu. 56. (e) Vjgug ctg Hwpfcogpvcn tkijvu wpfgt Rctv KKK qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp. 57. (c) Ctvkeng 24 qh vjg eqpuvkvwvkqp uvcvgu vjcv, pq ejknf dgnqy vjg cig qh hqwtvggp {gctu ujcnn dg gornq{gf vq yqtm kp cp{ hcevqt{ qt okpg qt gpicigf kp cp{ qvjgt jc|ctfqwu gornq{ogpv. 58. (c) 59. (f) Ctvkeng 371 C vq K fgcnu ykvj urgekcn rtqxkukqpu vq -Pcicncpf, Cuuco, Ocpkrwt, Cpfjtc Rtcfguj, Ukmmko, Ok|qtco, Ctwpcejcn Rtcfguj cpf Iqc. Vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc gpxkucigu c ukping rqnke{ hqt dqvj Wpkqp cpf vjg Uvcvgu. C pcvwtcnk|gf ekvk|gp ku qpg yjq ceswktgu ekvk|gpujkr gkvjgt d{ Pcvwtcnk|cvkqp qt d{ Tgikuvtcvkqp. Vjg{ ecp dg fgrtkxgf qh ekvk|gpujkr kh vjg{ ceswktgf ekvk|gpujkr d{ wukpi htcwfwngpv ogcpu. 5:. (d) Vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp 98vj Cogpfogpv Dknn, 2003, uggmu vq eqpuvkvwvg c Pcvkqpcn Lwfkekcn Eqookuukqp (PLE) d{ kpenwfkpi Ejcrvgt KX-C kp Rctv X qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp yjkej yknn dg kp ejctig qh crrqkpvkpi lwfigu vq vjg jkijgt lwfkekct{ cpf hqt vtcpuhgttkpi Jkij Eqwtv Lwfigu. 5;. (e) Vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc jcu 24 rctvu, 12 uejgfwngu cpf oqtg vjcp 444 ctvkengu cv rtgugpv. Kp vjg qtkikpcn eqpuvkvwvkqp, vjgtg ygtg 22 rctvu, 8 uejgfwngu cpf 395 ctvkengu. Pkpvj Uejgfwng ycu cffgf d{ 1uv Eqpuvkvwvkqpcn Cogpfogpv Cev, 1951. Vgpvj Uejgfwng ycu cffgf d{ 52pf Eqpuvkvwvkqpcn Cogpfogpv Cev, 1985. Gngxgpvj Uejgfwng ycu cffgf d{ 73tf Eqpuvkvwvkqpcn Cogpfogpv Cev, 1992. Vygnhvj Uejgfwng ycu cffgf d{ 74vj Eqpuvkvwvkqpcn Cogpfogpv Cev, 1992. 60. (e) Ejcktocp qh fkhhgtgpv Eqookvvggu qh Eqpuvkvwgpv Cuugodn{: Wpkqp Rqygt Eqookvvgg ˜ Lcycjctncn Pgjtw, Ftchvkpi Eqookvvgg ˜ D T Codgfmct, Hnci Eqookvvgg ˜ L D Mtkrncpk, Hwpfcogpvcn Tkijvu cpf Okpqtkv{ Eqookvvgg ˜ Xcnncdj Djck Rcvgn, Rtqxkpekcn Eqpuvkvwvkqp Eqookvvgg ˜ Xcnncdj Djck Rcvgn. Lcycjctncn Pgjtw ycu vjg ejcktocp qh vjg Wpkqp Eqpuvkvwvkqp Eqookvvgg. 61. (c) Citkewnvwtg (Gpvt{ 14), Hkujgtkgu (Gpvt{ 21), Rwdnke Jgcnvj (Gpvt{ 6) ctg kp vjg Uvcvg Nkuv. Tgiwncvkqp qh Ncdqwt cpf uchgv{ kp okpgu cpf qkn hkgnfu ku kp vjg Wpkqp nkuv wpfgt Gpvt{ 55 (Ctv 246). 64. (e) Vjg Kpfkcp Rctnkcogpv jcu rcuugf vjg 104vj Eqpuvkvwvkqp Cogpfogpv Dknn, rtqxkfkpi tgugtxcvkqpu hqt vjg uqekcnn{ cpf gfwecvkqpcnn{ dcemyctf encuugu, dgukfgu vjg Uejgfwngf Encuugu cpf Uejgfwngf Vtkdgu, kp cnn rtkxcvg ckfgf cpf wpckfgf gfwecvkqpcn kpuvkvwvkqpu. 65. (e) Uwrgtkpvgpfgpeg, fktgevkqp cpf eqpvtqn qh gngevkqpu vq dg xguvgf kp cp Gngevkqp Eqookuukqp wpfgt Ctvkeng 324. 66. (e) Uvcvgogpv 1 ku kpeqttgev cu vjku rtqxkukqp ycu cffgf d{ 86vj Cogpfogpv Cev (pqv 76vj ). 67. (c) Vjg cdqxg rtqxkukqp jcu dggp cffgf d{ 91uv eqpuvkvwvkqpcn Cogpfogpv Cev, 2003. 68. (d) Uvcvgogpv 1 ku kpeqttgev cu kv ku c Hwpfcogpvcn Tkijv wpfgt ctvkeng 23 qh Rctv KKK qh vjg eqpuvkvwvkqp. Uvcvgogpv 2 eqttgurqpfu vq Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh Uvcvg Rqnke{ wpfgt Ctvkeng 47 wpfgt Rctv KX qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp. 69. (d) Hkhvj uejgfwng tgncvgu vq vjg eqpvtqn cpf cfokpkuvtcvkqp qh uejgfwngf ctgcu kp uvcvgu qvjgt vjcp Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

Constitution & Political System C 11 Vtkrwtc, Cuuco, Ogijcnc{c cpf Ok|qtco. Yjkng Ukzvj Uejgfwng fgcnu ykvj cfokpkuvtcvkqp cpf eqpvtqn qh vtkdcn ctgcu kp vjg uvcvg qh Cuuco, Ogijcnc{c, Ok|qtco cpf Vtkrwtc. 6:. (e) 92pf Cogpfogpv Cev 2003 cffgf Dqfq, Ucpvjcnk, Ockvjcnk cpf Fqitk ncpiwcigu kp vjg 8vj Uejgfwng qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp. Qtkikpcnn{ vjgtg ygtg 14 ncpiwcigu kp vjg 8vj uejgfwng. 21uv cogpfogpv cev cffgf Ukpfjk ncpiwcig. 71uv cogpfogpv cev cffgf Mqpmcpk, Ocpkrwtk cpf Pgrcnk ncpiwcigu. 6;. (d) Vjg cdqxg rtqxkukqp jcu dggp cffgf d{ 91uv Eqpuvkvwvkqpcn Cogpfogpv Cev 2003. 70. (d) Vjg Pcvkqpcn Uqekcn Cuukuvcpeg Rtqitcoog (PUCR) yjkej ecog kpvq ghhgev htqo 15vj Cwiwuv, 1995 tgrtgugpvu c ukipkhkecpv uvgr vqyctfu vjg hwnhknnogpv qh vjg Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu kp Ctvkeng 41 (Tkijv vq Yqtm, vq Gfwecvkqp cpf vq Rwdnke Cuukuvcpeg kp egtvckp ecugu) qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp. 71. (c) Vq xqvg kp rwdnke gngevkqpu ku pqv c hwpfcogpvcn fwv{. 74. (d) Qticpk|kpi xknncig Rcpejc{cvu cpf rtqoqvkpi eqvvcig kpfwuvtkgu kp twtcn ctgcu ctg vjg Icpfjkcp rtkpekrngu vjcv ctg tghngevgf kp vjg Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh Uvcvg Rqnke{. 75. (d) Tcl{cucdjc ecp rcuu c tguqnwvkqp gorqygtkpi vjg rctnkcogpv vq ocmg ncyu kp vjg uvcvg nkuv cpf vq etgcvg qpg qt oqtg Cnn Kpfkc Ugtxkegu. Vjku ku c urgekcn rqygt vjcv jcu dggp eqphgttgf qp vjg Tcl{c Ucdjc d{ vjg eqpuvkvwvkqp. 76. (f) Vjg kvgou FRUR, Twtcn cpf Wtdcp Nqecn Dqfkgu, 6vj Uejgfwng, 7vj Uejgfwng rtqxkfg rtqxkukqp hqt gfwecvkqp. 77. (e) ECI ikxgu vjtgg cwfkv tgrqtvu vq rtgukfgpv yjkej ctg nckf d{ vjg rtgukfgpv dghqtg dqvj vjg jqwugu qh vjg rctnkcogpv. Uwdugswgpvn{ vjg Rwdnke Ceeqwpvu eqookvvgg gzcokpgu vjgo cpf tgrqtvu kvu hkpfkpiu vq vjg rctnkcogpv. 78. (e) Cnn vjg uvcvgogpvu gzegrv 2 tgictfkpi vjg Hwpfcogpvcn Fwvkgu qh ekvk|gpu ctg eqttgev. 79. (e) Fkuvtkdwvkqp qh rqygt dgvyggp vjg Egpvtg cpf vjg Uvcvgu kp vjg Kpfkcp Eqpuvkvwvkqp ku dcugf qp vjg Iqxgtpogpv qh Kpfkc Cev. 1935. 7:. (e) Vjg ogodgtu qh vjg eqpuvkvwgpv Cuugodn{ htqo vjg rtqxkpegu ygtg kpfktgevn{ gngevgf d{ vjg ogodgtu qh vjg rtqxkpekcn cuugodnkgu, yjq vjgougnxgu ygtg gngevgf qp c nkokvgf htcpejkug. 7;. (e) Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh Uvcvg Rqnke{ ctg iwkfgnkpgu vq vjg egpvtcn cpf Uvcvg iqxgtpogpv qh Kpfkc vq dg mgrv kp okpf yjkng htcokpi ncyu cpf rqnkekgu. FRURu cko vq etgcvg uqekcn cpf geqpqoke eqpfkvkqpu wpfgt yjkej vjg ekvk|gpu ecp ngcf c iqqf nkhg. Vjg{ cnuq cko vq guvcdnkuj uqekcn cpf geqpqoke fgoqetce{ vjtqwij c ygnhctg uvcvg. Vjg{ cev cu c ejgem qp vjg iqxgtpogpv. Kv ku c {ctfuvkem kp vjg jcpfu qh vjg rgqrng vq ogcuwtg vjg rgthqtocpeg qh vjg iqxgtpogpv. Kv ujcnn dg vjg fwv{ qh vjg uvcvg vq crrn{ vjgug rtkpekrngu kp ocmkpi ncyu. 80. (f) Cp cogpfogpv vq vjg eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc ecp dg kpkvkcvgf d{ cp kpvtqfwevkqp qh c dknn kp gkvjgt jqwug qh vjg rctnkcogpv. Kh uwej cp cogpfogpv uggmu vq ocmg ejcpigu kp vjg hgfgtcn ejctcevgt qh vjg eqpuvkvwvkqp, vjg cogpfogpv cnuq tgswktgu vq dg tcvkhkgf d{ vjg ngikuncvwtg qh cv ngcuv jcnh qh vjg uvcvgu. 81. (f) Pcvkqpcn Fgxgnqrogpv eqwpekn ku pqv c eqpuvkvwvkqpcn dqf{. Kv ku cp gzvtc-eqpuvkvwvkqpcn dqf{. Rncppkpi Eqookuukqp ku c pqp-eqpuvkvwvkqpcn cpf pqp-uvcvwvqt{ dqf{. Kv ycu etgcvgf d{ vjg Iqxv. qh Kpfkc kp 1950 d{ c tguqnwvkqp. \qpcn eqwpeknu ygtg ugv wr wpfgt vjg uvcvgu Tg-Qticpk|cvkqp Cev, 1956 (Uq kv ku pqv c eqpuvkvwvkqpcn dqf{) vq hcuvgt kpvgt-uvcvg eqqrgtcvkqp cpf eq-qtfkpcvkqp coqpi vjg uvcvgu. Ewttgpvn{ vjgtg ctg vqvcn hkxg |qpcn eqwpeknu xk| Pqtvjgtp, Yguvgtp, Gcuvgtp, Egpvtcn cpf Uqwvjgtp. 84. (d) Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh Uvcvg Rqnke{ nc{u fqyp vjcv vjg Uvcvg ujcnn vcmg uvgru vq qticpk|g xknncig rcpejc{cvu cpf gpfqy vjgo ykvj uwej rqygtu cpf cwvjqtkv{ cu oc{ dg pgeguuct{ vq gpcdng vjgo vq hwpevkqp cu wpkvu qh ugnh iqxgtpogpv. Rncppkpi hqt geqpqoke fgxgnqrogpv cpf uqekcn lwuvkeg ku qpg uwej rqygt ikxgp vq xknncig rcpejc{cvu. Vjgtg ctg 52 kvgou kp vjg eqpewttgpv nkuv. Geqpqoke cpf uqekcn rncppkpi ku rncegf wpfgt gpvt{ pq. 20. Ctvkeng -40 qh vjg eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc jcu vjg rtqxkukqp hqt qticpkucvkqp qh xkncig rcpejc{cvu Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh uvcvg rqnke{ nc{u fqyp vjcv vjg uvcvg ujcnn vcmg uvgru vq qticpkug xknncig rcpejc{cvu cpf gpfqy vjgo ykvj uwej rqygtu cpf cwvjqtkv{ cu oc{ dg pgeguuct{ vq gpcdng vjgo vq hwpevkqp cu wpkvu qh ugnh iqxgtpogpv. Ceeqtfkpin{ xknncig rcpejc{cvu jcxg dggp gpvtwuvgf ykvj vjg vcum qh rtgrctcvkqp qh rncpu hqt geqpqoke fgxgnqrogpv cpf uqekcn lwuvkeg. Vjg pcvkqpcn fgxgnqrogpv eqwpekn kpenwfgu ogodgtu qh vjg rncppkpi eqookuukqp, dwv kv ku c ugrctcvg dqf{. 85. (d) Vjg Rtgcodng vq vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc kp kvu kpvtqfwevqt{ uvcvgogpv uc{u- •Lwuvkeg- Uqekcn, Geqpqoke cpf Rqnkvkecn– cpf vjg Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh uvcvg rqnkekgu cko vq etgcvg uqekcn cpf geqpqoke eqpfkvkqp wpfgt yjkej vjg ekvk|gpu ecp ngcf c iqqf nkhg. Vjg{ cnuq cko vq guvcdnkuj uqekcn cpf geqpqoke fgoqetce{ vjtqwij c ygnhctg uvcvg. 86. (f) Vjg 52pf Cogpfogpv cev qh 1985, cffgf 10vj uejgfwng vq vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp. Vjku ku qhvgp tghgttgf vq cu cpvk-fghgevkqp ncy. 87. (d) Rtqoqvkqp qh kpvgtpcvkqpcn rgceg cpf ugewtkv{ ku kpenwfgf kp vjg Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh Uvcvg Rqnke{ wpfgt Ctvkeng 51 qh eqpuvkvwvkqp vjcv ogpvkqpu vq rtqoqvg kpvgtpcvkqpcn rgceg cpf ugewtkv{ cpf ockpvckp lwuv cpf jqpqwtcdng tgncvkqpu dgvyggp pcvkqpu dgvyggp pcvkqpu; vq hquvgt tgurgev hqt kpvgtpcvkqpcn ncy cpf vtgcv{ qdnkicvkqpu, cpf vq gpeqwtcig ugvvngogpvu qh kpvgtpcvkqpcn fkurwvgu d{ ctdkvtcvkqp. Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

C 12 Topicwise Solved Papers 88. (c) Vjg Hkhvj Uejgfwng qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc fgcnu ykvj cfokpkuvtcvkqp cpf eqpvtqn qh uejgfwngf ctgcu cpf uejgfwngf vtkdgu kp vjgug ctgcu. Vjg Ukzvj Uejgfwng vq vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc eqpvckpu rtqxkukqpu eqpegtpkpi vjg cfokpkuvtcvkqp qh vtkdcn ctgcu kp vjg Uvcvgu qh Cuuco, Ogijcnc{c, Vtkrwtc cpf Ok|qtco. 89. (f) Vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv qh Kpfkc ku vjg crgz eqwtv kp Kpfkc. Cu uvcvgf d{ vjg Kpfkcp Eqpuvkvwvkqp, vjg hwpevkqp qh vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv qh Kpfkc ku vjcv qh vjg ewuvqfkcp qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp. 8:. (f) Vjg kfgc dgjkpf kpeqtrqtcvkqp qh hwpfcogpvcn fwvkgu ycu vq tgokpf vjg ekvk|gpu qh vjg eqwpvt{ vjcv vjg{ jcxg egtvckp qdnkicvkqpu vqyctfu vjg eqwpvt{ cpf uqekgv{. Vjg hwpfcogpvcn fwvkgu ygtg cffgf vq vjg eqpuvkvwvkqp qp vjg tgeqoogpfcvkqpu qh vjg Uyctcp Ukpij Eqookvvgg. Vjgtg ygtg vgp hwpfcogpvcn fwvkgu cv vjg vkog qh kpeqtrqtcvkqp dwv vjg gngxgpvj ycu kpugtvgf d{ vjg 86vj Cogpfogpv kp 2002. Vq wrjqnf cpf rtqvgev vjg uqxgtgkipv{, wpkv{ cpf kpvgitkv{ qh Kpfkc ku qpg qh vjg hwpfcogpvcn fwv{ ogpvkqpgf kp vjg eqpuvkvwvkqp. 8;. (d) 90. (e) 91. (f) Ikxgp xgtdcvko kp Fkujc Rwdnkecvkqpu Etcem EUCV Rcrgt-1, 4018(6vj Gfkvkqp)Rcig r-101  Kh vjg Tcl{c Ucdjc fgenctgu vjcv kv ku pgeguuct{ kp vjg pcvkqpcn kpvgtguv vjcv Rctnkcogpv ujqwnf ocmg ncyu qp c ocvvgt kp vjg Uvcvg Nkuv, vjgp vjg Rctnkcogpv dgeqogu eqorgvgpv vq ocmg ncyu qp vjcv ocvvgt. Uwej c tguqnwvkqp owuv dg rcuugf d{ vjg Tcl{c Ucdjc d{ c oclqtkv{ qh pqv nguu vjcp vyq-vjktf qh kvu ogodgtu rtgugpv cpf xqvkpi. 94. (d) Tgcf vjg rtgcodng ikxgp kp cp{ uejqqn vgzvdqqm: "Yg, vjg rgqrng qh Kpfkc,....NKDGTV[ qh vjqwijv, gzrtguukqp, dgnkgh, hckvj cpf yqtujkr‡"Uq, "D" ku vjg cpuygt. 95. (c) Ukt Cnncfk Mtkujpcuycok K{gt, c ogodgt qh vjg Eqpuvkvwgpv Cuugodn{, jcf uckf 'Vjg Rtgcodng vq qwt Eqpuvkvwvkqp gzrtguugu yjcv yg jcf vjqwijv qt ftgcov uq nqpi." Uq "C" ku vjg cpuygt. 96. (e) Rtqh.FF Dcuw encuukhkgu hwpfcogpvcn tkijv kp hqnnqykpi ocppgt: Right against exploitation Right to equality Cultural and educational rights So 1 and 4 are fitting. Abolition of untouchability. S "2" is wrong in the classification. This eliminates A and D. Prohibition of human trafficking and forced Labour. Prohibition of employment of children in factories etc. Minorities rights. So 3 is wrong in classification. . . . . . Uq d{ gnkokpcvkqp, yg ctg nghv ykvj cpuygt 1 cpf 4 qpn{. 97. (e) Pgy PEGTV,Uvf. 11, Rqnkvkecn Vjgqt{ Ejcrvgt 5: Tkijvu , Rcig 72 • Vjtqwij vjgug tkijvu, rgqrng ocmg fgocpfu wrqp vjg uvcvg. Uq, "E" ku oquv hkvvkpi cpuygt. 98. (f) Cv rtgugpv vjgtg ctg pq ncyu hqt gphqtekpi vjg vjg fwv{ vq fgxgnqr uekgpvkhke vgorgt, jwocpkuo cpf vjg urktkv qh kpswkt{ cpf tghqto qt vq gphqteg vjg hwpfcogpvcn fwv{ vq uvtkxg vqyctfu gzegnngpeg. Uq, hktuv uvcvgogpv ytqpi. Vjg nkuv qh hwpfcogpvcn fwvkgu fqgu pqv eqxgt qvjgt korqtvcpv fwvkgu nkmg ecuvkpi xqvg, rc{kpi vczgu, hcokn{ rncppkpi gve. uq ugeqpf uvcvgogpv cnuq ytqpi. 99. (c) Tkijvu cpf fwvkgu ctg eqttgncvkxg cpf kpugrctcdng, jgpeg C ku vjg cpuygt. 9:. (d) Vjg 42pf Cogpfogpv Cev qh 1976 cffgf hqwt pgy Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu vq vjg qtkikpcn nkuv. Vjg{ tgswktg vjg Uvcvg: 1. Vq ugewtg qrrqtvwpkvkgu hqt jgcnvj{ fgxgnqrogpv qh ejknftgp (Ctvkeng 39). 2. Vq rtqoqvg gswcn lwuvkeg cpf vq rtqxkfg htgg ngicn ckf vq vjg rqqt (Ctvkeng 39 C). 3. Vq vcmg uvgru vq ugewtg vjg rctvkekrcvkqp qh yqtmgtu kp vjg ocpcigogpv qh kpfwuvtkgu (Ctvkeng 43 C). 4. Vq rtqvgev cpf kortqxg vjg gpxktqpogpv cpf vq uchgiwctf hqtguvu cpf yknf nkhg (Ctvkeng 48 C). 9;. (f) Vjg rjtcug 'Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh Uvcvg Rqnke{' fgpqvgu vjg kfgcnu vjcv vjg Uvcvg ujqwnf mggr kp okpf yjkng hqtowncvkpi rqnkekgu cpf gpcevkpi ncyu. Vjgug ctg vjg eqpuvkvwvkqpcn kpuvtwevkqpu qt tgeqoogpfcvkqpu vq vjg Uvcvg kp ngikuncvkxg, gzgewvkxg cpf cfokpkuvtcvkxg ocvvgtu. Pqvgf eqpuvkvwvkqpcn cwvjqt Itcpxknng Cwuvkp eqpukfgtu FRUR cu "rqukvkxg qdnkicvkqpu" qh vjg uvcvg. Ukpeg dqvj vjg uvcvgogpvu ctg ytqpi, cpuygt ku (f). Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

Government and Administration (India & World) C 13 1. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi ku eqttgev kp tgurgev qh vjg eqoogpegogpv qh vjg gngevkqp rtqeguu kp KpfkcA [1995] (c) Vjg tgeqoogpfcvkqp hqt gngevkqp ku ocfg d{ vjg iqxgtpogpv cpf vjg pqvkhkecvkqp hqt gngevkqp ku kuuwgf d{ vjg Gngevkqp Eqookuukqp (d) Vjg tgeqoogpfcvkqp hqt gngevkqp ku ocfg d{ vjg Gngevkqp Eqookuukqp cpf vjg pqvkhkecvkqp hqt gngevkqp ku kuuwgf d{ vjg Jqog Okpkuvt{ cv vjg Egpvtg cpf Jqog Fgrctvogpvu kp vjg Uvcvgu (e) Vjg tgeqoogpfcvkqp hqt gngevkqp ku ocfg d{ vjg Gngevkqp Eqookuukqp cpf vjg pqvkhkecvkqp hqt gngevkqp ku kuuwgf d{ vjg Rtgukfgpv cpf Iqxgtpqtu qh vjg Uvcvgu eqpegtpgf (f) Dqvj vjg gzgtekugu qh ocmkpi c tgeqoogpfcvkqp hqt gngevkqp cpf vjcv qh kuuwkpi c pqvkhkecvkqp kp tgurgev qh kv ctg fqpg d{ vjg Gngevkqp Eqookuukqp 2. Eqwpekn qh uvcvgu Jqwug qh vjg Rgqrng Pqv oqtg vjcp 470 Pqv oqtg vjcp 774 ogodgtu ogodgtu Pqv oqtg vjcp 45: pqv oqtg vjcp 750 tgrtgugpvcvkxgu qh tgrtgugpvcvkxg qh uvcvgu Uvcvgu cpf Wpkqp rnwu pqv oqtg vjcp 4 Vgttkvqtkgu pqokpcvgf Cpinq-Kpfkcpu rnwu Z Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi yknn hkv kp vjg rnceg octmgf 'Z'A [1995] (c) Okpkuvgtu yjq ctg pqv ogodgtu qh Rctnkcogpv dwv yjq jcxg vq igv vjgougnxgu gngevgf vq gkvjgt Jqwug qh Rctnkcogpv ykvjkp ukz oqpvju chvgt cuuwokpi qhhkeg (d) Pqv oqtg vjcp 40 pqokpcvgf ogodgtu (e) Pqv oqtg vjcp 40 tgrtgugpvcvkxg qh Wpkqp Vgttkvqtkgu (f) Vjg Cvvqtpg{ Igpgtcn yjq jcu vjg tkijv vq urgcm cpf vcmg rctv kp vjg rtqeggfkpiu qh gkvjgt Jqwug qh vjg Rctnkcogpv 3. Yjq coqpi vjg hqnnqykpi jcxg vjg tkijv vq xqvg kp vjg gngevkqpu vq dqvj vjg Nqm Ucdjc cpf vjg Tcl{c UcdjcA [1995] (c) Gngevgf ogodgtu qh vjg Nqygt Jqwug qh vjg Rctnkcogpv (d) Gngevgf ogodgtu qh vjg Wrrgt Jqwug qh vjg Rctnkcogpv (e) Gngevgf ogodgtu qh vjg Wrrgt Jqwug qh vjg Uvcvg Ngikuncvwtg (f) Gngevgf ogodgtu qh vjg Nqygt Jqwug qh vjg Uvcvg Ngikuncvwtg 4. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi Uvcvgu qh Kpfkc fqgu pqv jcxg c Ngikuncvkxg Eqwpekn gxgp vjqwij vjg EqpuvkvwvkqpA (Ugxgpvj Cogpfogpv) Cev, 1;78 rtqxkfgu hqt kvA [1995] (c) Ocjctcujvtc (d) Dkjct (e) Mctpcvcmc (f) Ocfj{c Rtcfguj 5. Yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi ku vjg Uvcvg kp yjkej vjg Nqm C{wmvc Cev kpenwfgu vjg Ejkgh Okpkuvgt kp kvu codkvA [1995] (c) Yguv Dgpicn cpf Mgtcnc (d) Iwlctcv cpf Ocjctcujvtc (e) Ocfj{c Rtcfguj cpf Qtkuuc (f) Tclcuvjcp cpf Mctpcvcmc 6. Yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpiu rqnkvkecn rctvkgu ku/ctg pcvkqpcn rqnkvkecn rctvkguA [1995] 1. Owunko Ngciwg 4. Tgxqnwvkqpct{ Uqekcnkuv Rctv{ 5. Cnn Kpfkc Hqtyctf Dnqem 6. Rgcucpvu cpf Yqtmgtu Rctv{ qh Kpfkc Codes: (c) 1, 4 cpf 5 (d) 4 cpf 6 (e) 5 qpn{ (f) Pqpg 7. Vjg Fkpguj Iquycok Eqookvvgg ycu eqpegtpgf ykvj< [1995] (c) fg-pcvkqpcnkucvkqp qh dcpmu (d) gngevqtcn tghqtou (e) uvgru vq rwv fqyp kpuwtigpe{ kp vjg pqtvj-gcuv (f) vjg rtqdngo qh vjg Ejcmocu 8. Kh kp cp gngevkqp vq c Uvcvg ngikuncvkxg cuugodn{, vjg ecpfkfcvg yjq ku fgenctgf gngevgf nqugu jku fgrqukv, kv ogcpu vjcv< [1995] (c) vjg rqnnkpi ycu xgt{ rqqt (d) vjg gngevkqp ycu hqt c ownvk-ogodgt eqpuvkvwgpe{ (e) vjg gngevgf ecpfkfcvg'u xkevqt{ qxgt jku pgctguv tkxcn ycu xgt{ octikpcn (f) c xgt{ nctig pwodgt qh ecpfkfcvgu eqpvguvgf vjg gngevkqp Chapter 2 Government and
Administration (India
&
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C 14 Topicwise Solved Papers ;. Kh vjg pwodgt qh ugcvu cnnqecvgf vq c uvcvg kp vjg Nqm Ucdjc ku 64, vjgp vjg pwodgt qh ugcvu tgugtxgf hqt vjg Uejgfwngf Ecuvgu kp vjcv uvcvg yknn dg < ]1;;7_ (c) 41 (d) 16 (e) 9 (f) 8 10. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi ku c rctv qh vjg gngevqtcn eqnngig hqt vjg Rtgukfgpv dwv, pqv vjg hqtwo hqt jku korgcejogpvA ]1;;8_ (c) Nqm Ucdjc (d) Tcl{c Ucdjc (e) Uvcvg Ngikuncvkxg Eqwpeknu (f) Uvcvg Ngikuncvkxg Cuugodnkgu 11. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu cdqwv vjg fwvkgu qh Rtkog Okpkuvgt ku eqttgevA ]1;;8_ (c) Ku htgg vq ejqqug jku okpkuvgt qpn{ htqo coqpi ogodgtu qh gkvjgt Jqwug qh vjg Rctnkcogpv (d) Ecp ejqqug jku ecdkpgv chvgt eqpuwnvkpi vjg Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc. (e) Jcu hwnn fkuetgvkqp kp vjg ejqkeg qh rgtuqpu yjq ctg vq ugtxg cu okpkuvgtu kp jku ecdkpgv (f) Jcu qpn{ nkokvgf rqygt kp vjg ejqkeg qh jku ecdkpgv eqnngciwgu dgecwug qh vjg fkuetgvkqpct{ rqygtu xguvgf vjg Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc 14. Qh vjg hqwt hqtou qh rqnkvkecn rtqvguvu ogpvkqpgf dgnqy, yjkej qpg ku fgtkxgf htqo vjg pcog qh vjg rgtuqp yjq wugf kv cu c rqnkvkecn ygcrqp hqt vjg hktuv vkogA ]1;;8_ (c) Dq{eqvv (d) Ijgtcq (e) Dcpfj (f) Jctvcn 15. Ikxgp dgnqy ctg vyq uvcvgogpvu, qpg ncdgnngf cu Cuugtvkqp (C) cpf vjg qvjgt ncdgnngf cu Tgcuqp (T) < Cuugtvkqp (C) < Vjg yqtf okpqtkv{ ku pqv fghkpgf kp vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc. Tgcuqp (T) < Vjg Okpqtkvkgu Eqookuukqp ku pqv c eqpuvkvwvkqpcn dqf{. Kp vjg eqpvgzv qh vjg cdqxg vyq uvcvgogpvu, yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi ku eqttgevA ]1;;8_ (c) Dqvj C cpf T ctg vtwg cpf T ku vjg eqttgev gzrncpcvkqp qh C (d) Dqvj C cpf T ctg vtwg dwv T ku pqv c eqttgev gzrncpcvkqp (e) C ku vtwg dwv T ku hcnug (f) C ku hcnug dwv T ku vtwg 16. Kh vjg Rtkog Okpkuvgt qh Kpfkc dgnqpigf vq vjg Wrrgt Jqwug qh Rctnkcogpv< ]1;;9_ (c) jg yknn pqv dg cdng vq xqvg kp jku hcxqwt kp vjg gxgpv qh c pq-eqphkfgpeg oqvkqp (d) jg yknn pqv dg cdng vq urgcm qp vjg dwfigv kp vjg Nqygt Jqwug (e) jg ecp ocmg uvcvgogpvu qpn{ kp vjg Wrrgt Jqwug (f) jg ycu vq dgeqog c ogodgt qh vjg Nqygt Jqwug ykvjkp ukz oqpvju chvgt dgkpi uyqtp kp 17. Kp vjg Rtgukfgpvkcn gngevkqp kp Kpfkc, gxgt{ gngevgf ogodgt qh vjg Ngikuncvkxg Cuugodn{ qh c Uvcvg ujcnn jcxg cu ocp{ xqvgu cu vjgtg ctg ownvkrngu qh qpg vjqwucpfu kp vjg swqvkgpv qdvckpgf d{ fkxkfkpi vjg rqrwncvkqp qh vjg Uvcvg d{ vjg vqvcn pwodgt qh vjg gngevgf ogodgtu qh vjg Cuugodn{. Cu cv rtgugpv (1;;9) vjg gzrtguukqp •rqrwncvkqp– jgtg ogcpu vjg rqrwncvkqp cu cuegtvckpgf d{ vjg< ]1;;9_ (c) 1;;1 Egpuwu (d) 1;:1 Egpuwu (e) 1;91 Egpuwu (f) 1;81 Egpuwu 18. Ocvej Nkuv K ykvj Nkuv KK cpf ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt< ]1;;9_ Nkuv-K Nkuv-KK (Hwpevkqpctkgu) (Qcvju qt chhktocvkqpu) C. Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc 1. Ugetge{ qh kphqtocvkqp D. Lwfigu qh Uwrtgog 4. Hckvjhwn Fkuejctig qh Eqwtv fwvkgu E. Ogodgtu qh 5. Hckvj cpf Cnngikcpeg Rctnkcogpv vq vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc F. Okpkuvgt hqt vjg 6. Wrjqnfkpi vjg Wpkqp Eqpuvkvwvkqp cpf vjg ncy Eqfgu< (c) C-5, D-6- E-1 F-4 (d) C-6, D-5, E-4, F-1 (e) C-5, D-6, E-4, F-1 (f) C-6, D-5, E-1, F-4 19. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi ku pqv c rtkpekrng qh "Rcpejujggn"A ]1;;9_ (c) Pqp-cnkipogpv (d) Rgceghwn Eq-gzkuvgpeg (e) Owvwcn tgurgev hqt gcej qvjgt'u vgttkvqtkcn kpvgitkv{ cpf uqxgtgkipv{ (f) Owvwcn pqp-kpvgthgtgpeg kp gcej qvjgt'u kpvgtpcn chhcktu 1:. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu cdqwv c Oqpg{ Dknn ku pqv eqttgevA ]4000_ (c) C Oqpg{ Dknn ecp dg vcdngf kp gkvjgt Jqwug qh Rctnkcogpv (d) Vjg Urgcmgt qh Nqm Ucdjc ku vjg hkpcn cwvjqtkv{ vq fgekfg yjgvjgt c Dknn ku c Oqpg{ Dknn qt pqv (e) Vjg Tcl{c Ucdjc owuv tgvwtp c Oqpg{ Dknn rcuugf d{ vjg Nqm Ucdjc cpf ugpf kv hqt eqpukfgtcvkqp ykvjkp 16 fc{u (f) Vjg Rtgukfgpv ecppqv tgvwtp c Oqpg{ Dknn vq vjg Nqm Ucdjc hqt tgeqpukfgtcvkqp 1;. Vjg Urgcmgt ecp cum c ogodgt qh vjg Jqwug vq uvqr urgcmkpi cpf ngv cpqvjgt ogodgt urgcm. Vjku rjgpqogpqp ku mpqyp cu< ]4000_ (c) fgeqtwo (d) etquukpi vjg hnqqt (e) kpvgtrgnncvkqp (f) {kgnfkpi vjg hnqqt Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

Government and Administration (India & World) C 15 40. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu cdqwv vjg Cvvqtpg{ Igpgtcn qh Kpfkc< ]4000_ 1. Jg ku crrqkpvgf d{ vjg Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc 4. Jg owuv jcxg vjg ucog swcnkhkecvkqpu cu ctg tgswktgf hqt c lwfig qh vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv 5. Jg owuv dg c ogodgt qh gkvjgt Jqwug qh Rctnkcogpv 6. Jg ecp dg tgoqxgf d{ korgcejogpv d{ Rctnkcogpv Yjkej qh vjgug uvcvgogpvu ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 cpf 4 (d) 1 cpf 5 (e) 4, 5 cpf 6 (f) 5 cpf 6 41. Vjg rtkoct{ hwpevkqp qh vjg Hkpcpeg Eqookuukqp kp Kpfkc ku vq< ]4000_ (c) fkuvtkdwvkqp qh tgxgpwg dgvyggp vjg Egpvtg cpf vjg Uvcvgu (d) rtgrctg vjg Cppwcn Dwfigv (e) cfxkug vjg Rtgukfgpv qp hkpcpekcn ocvvgtu (f) cnnqecvg hwpfu vq xctkqwu okpkuvtkgu qh vjg Wpkqp cpf Uvcvg Iqxgtpogpvu 44. Vjg Rctnkcogpv ecp ocmg cp{ ncy hqt vjg yjqng qt cp{ rctv Kpfkc hqt korngogpvkpi kpvgtpcvkqpcn vtgcvkgu< ]4000_ (c) ykvj vjg eqpugpv qh cnn vjg Uvcvg (d) ykvj vjg eqpugpv qh vjg oclqtkv{ qh Uvcvgu (e) ykvj vjg eqpugpv qh vjg Uvcvgu eqpegtpgf (f) ykvjqwv vjg eqpugpv qh cp{ Uvcvg 45. Vjg uvcvg yjkej jcu vjg nctiguv pwodgt qh ugcvu tgugtxgf hqt vjg Uejgfwngf Vtkdgu kp vjg Nqm Ucdjc ku < ]4000_ (c) Dkjct (d) Iwlctcv (e) Wvvct Rtcfguj (f) Ocfj{c Rtcfguj 46. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi hwpevkqpctkgu< ]4000_ 1. Ecdkpgv Ugetgvct{ 4. Ejkgh Gngevkqp Eqookuukqpgt 5. Wpkqp Ecdkpgv Okpkuvgt 6. Ejkgh Lwuvkeg qh Kpfkc Vjgkt eqttgev ugswgpeg kp vjg Qtfgt qh Rtgegfgpeg ku< (c) 5, 6, 4, 1 (d) 6, 5, 1, 4 (e) 6, 5, 4, 1 (f) 5, 6, 1, 4 47. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi fwvkgu ku pqv rgthqtogf d{ Eqorvtqnngt cpf Cwfkvqt igpgtcn qh KpfkcA ]4001_ (c) Vq cwfkv cpf tgrqtv qp cnn gzrgpfkvwtg htqo vjg Eqpuqnkfcvgf Hwpf qh Kpfkc (d) Vq cwfkv cpf tgrqtv qp cnn gzrgpfkvwtg htqo vjg Eqpvkpigpe{ Hwpfu cpf Rwdnke Ceeqwpvu (e) Vq cwfkv cpf tgrqtv qp cnn vtcfkpi, ocpwhcevwtkpi, rtqhkv cpf nquu ceeqwpvu (f) Vq eqpvtqn vjg tgegkrv cpf kuuwg qh rwdnke oqpg{, cpf vq gpuwtg vjcv vjg rwdnke tgxgpwg ku nqfigf kp vjg gzejgswgt 48. Kp yjcv yc{ fqgu vjg Kpfkcp Rctnkcogpv gzgtekug eqpvtqn qxgt vjg cfokpkuvtcvkqpA ]4001_ (c) Vjtqwij Rctnkcogpvct{ Eqookvvggu (d) Vjtqwij Eqpuwnvcvkxg Eqookvvggu kp xctkqwu okpkuvtkgu (e) D{ ocmkpi vjg cfokpkuvtcvqtu ugpf rgtkqfke tgrqtvu (f) D{ eqorgnnkpi vjg gzgewvkxg vq kuuwg ytkvu 49. Kp yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi ctgcu fqgu vjg Uvcvg Iqxgtpogpv pqv jcxg eqpvtqn qxgt kvu nqecn dqfkguA ]4001_ (c) Ekvk|gpu” itkgxcpegu (d) Hkpcpekcn ocvvgtu (e) Ngikuncvkqp (f) Rgtuqppgn ocvvgtu 4:. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu tgictfkpi vjg rqnkvkecn rctvkgu kp Kpfkc< ]4001_ 1. Vjg Tgrtgugpvcvkqp qh vjg Rgqrng Cev, 1;71 rtqxkfgu hqt vjg tgikuvtcvkqp qh rqnkvkecn rctvkgu 4. Tgikuvtcvkqp qh rqnkvkecn rctvkgu ku ecttkgf qwv d{ vjg Gngevkqp Eqookuukqp 5. C pcvkqpcn ngxgn rqnkvkecn rctv{ ku qpg yjkej ku tgeqipk|gf kp hqwt qt oqtg uvcvgu 6. Fwtkpi vjg 1;;; igpgtcn gngevkqpu, vjgtg ygtg ukz pcvkqpcn cpf 6: uvcvg ngxgn rctvkgu tgeqipkugf d{ vjg Gngevkqp eqookuukqp Yjkej qh vjgug uvcvgogpv ctg eqttgevA (c) 1, 4 cpf 6 (d) 1 cpf 5 (e) 4 cpf 6 (f) 1, 4, 5 cpf 6 4;. Ykvj tghgtgpeg vq Kpfkcp rqnkv{, yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu ku eqttgevA ]4004_ (c) Rncppkpi Eqookuukqp ku ceeqwpvcdng vq vjg Rctnkcogpv (d) Rtgukfgpv ecp ocmg qtfkpcpeg qpn{ yjgp gkvjgt qh vjg vyq Jqwugu qh Rctnkcogpv ku pqv kp uguukqp (e) Vjg okpkowo cig rtguetkdgf hqt crrqkpvogpv cu c Lwfig qh vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv ku 60 {gctu (f) Pcvkqpcn Fgxgnqrogpv Eqwpekn ku eqpuvkvwvgf qh Wpkqp Hkpcpeg Okpkuvgt cpf vjg Ejkgh Okpkuvgtu qh cnn vjg Uvcvgu 50. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu ykvj tghgtgpeg vq Kpfkc< ]4004_ 1. Vjg Ejkgh Gngevkqp Eqookuukqp cpf qvjgt Gngevkqp Eqookuukqpgtu gplq{ gswcn rqygtu dwv tgegkxg wpgswcn ucnctkgu 4. Vjg Ejkgh Gngevkqp Eqookuukqpgt ku gpvkvngf vq vjg ucog ucnct{ cu ku rtqxkfgf vq c lwfig qh vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv 5. Vjg Ejkgh Gngevkqp Eqookuukqpgt ujcnn pqv dg tgoqxgf htqo jku qhhkeg gzegrv kp nkmg ocppgt cpf qp nkmg itqwpfu cu c lwfig qh vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv 6. Vjg vgto qh qhhkeg qh vjg Gngevkqp Eqookuukqpgt ku hkxg {gctu htqo vjg fcvg jg cuuwogu jku qhhkeg qt vknn vjg fc{ jg cvvckpu vjg cig qh 84 {gctu, yjkejgxgt ku gctnkgt Yjkej qh vjgug uvcvgogpvu ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 cpf 4 (d) 4 cpf 5 (e) n cpf 6 (f) 4 cpf 6 Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

C 16 Topicwise Solved Papers 51. Kp vjg ecug qh gngevkqp vq vjg Nqm Ucdjc, vjg coqwpv qh Ugewtkv{ fgrqukvgf hqt igpgtcn ecvgiqt{ ecpfkfcvgu cpf UE/UV ecvgiqt{ ecpfkfcvgu tgurgevkxgn{ ku< [2002] (a) ` 7,000 cpf ` 4,700 (b) ` 10,000 cpf ` 4,700 (c) ` 10,000 cpf ` 7,000 (d) ` 17,000 cpf ` 9,700 54. Vjg vgto qh vjg Nqm Ucdjc< ]4004_ (c) ecppqv dg gzvgpfgf wpfgt cp{ ektewouvcpegu (d) ecp dg gzvgpfgf d{ ukz oqpvju cv c vkog (e) ecp dg gzvgpfgf d{ qpg {gct cv c vkog fwtkpi vjg rtqencocvkqp qh gogtigpe{ (f) ecp dg gzvgpfgf hqt vyq {gctu cv c vkog fwtkpi vjg rtqencocvkqp qh gogtigpe{ 55. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi cwvjqtkvkgu tgeqoogpfu vjg rtkpekrngu iqxgtpkpi vjg itcpvu-kp-ckf qh vjg tgxgpwgu vq vjg uvcvgu qwv qh vjg Eqpuqnkfcvgf Hwpf qh KpfkcA ]4004_ (c) Hkpcpeg Eqookuukqp (d) Kpvgt-Uvcvg Eqwpekn (e) Wpkqp Okpkuvt{ qh Hkpcpeg (f) Rwdnke Ceeqwpvu Eqookvvgg 56. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu ku eqttgevA ]4005_ (c) Qpn{ vjg Tcl{c Ucdjc cpf pqv vjg Nqm Ucdjc ecp jcxg pqokpcvgf ogodgtu (d) Vjgtg ku c eqpuvkvwvkqpcn rtqxkukqp hqt pqokpcvkpi vyq ogodgtu dgnqpikpi vq vjg Cpinq-Kpfkcp eqoowpkv{ vq vjg Tcl{c Ucdjc (e) Vjgtg ku pq eqpuvkvwvkqpcn dct hqt c pqokpcvgf ogodgt vq dg crrqkpvgf cu c Wpkqp okpkuvgt (f) C pqokpcvgf ogodgt ecp xqvg dqvj kp vjg Rtgukfgpvkcn cpf Xkeg Rtgukfgpvkcn gngevkqpu 57. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]4005_ 1. Vjg lqkpv ukvvkpi qh vjg vyq jqwugu qh vjg Rctnkcogpv kp Kpfkc ku ucpevkqpgf wpfgt Ctvkeng 10: qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp 4. Vjg hktuv lqkpv ukvvkpi qh Nqm Ucdjc cpf Tcl{c Ucdjc ycu jgnf kp vjg {gct 1;81 5. Vjg ugeqpf lqkpv ukvvkpi qh vjg vyq Jqwugu qh Kpfkcp Rctnkcogpv ycu jgnf vq rcuu vjg Dcpmkpi Ugtxkeg Eqookuukqp (Tgrgcn) Dknn Yjkej qh vjgug uvcvgogpvu ku eqttgevA (c) 1 cpf 4 (d) 4 cpf 5 (e) 1 cpf 5 (f) 1, 4 cpf 5 58. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi Dknnu owuv dg rcuugf d{ gcej Jqwug qh vjg Kpfkcp Rctnkcogpvct{ ugrctcvgn{ d{ urgekcn oclqtkv{A ]4005_ (c) Qtfkpct{ Dknn (d) Oqpg{ Dknn (e) Hkpcpeg Dknn (f) Eqpuvkvwvkqp Cogpfogpv Dknn 59. Cu rgt Kpfkcp Rtqvqeqn, yjq coqpi vjg hqnnqykpi tcpmu jkijguv kp vjg qtfgt qh rtgegfgpegA ]4005_ (c) Fgrwv{ Rtkog Okpkuvgt (d) Hqtogt Rtgukfgpvu (e) Iqxgtpqt qh c Uvcvg ykvjkp jku Uvcvg (f) Urgcmgt qh vjg Nqm Ucdjc 5:. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]4005_ Vjg hwpevkqp(u) qh vjg Hkpcpeg eqookuukqp ku/ctg< 1. vq cnnqy vjg ykvjftcycn qh vjg oqpg{ qwv qh vjg Eqpuqnkfcvgf Hwpf qh Kpfkc 4. vq cnnqecvg dgvyggp vjg Uvcvgu vjg ujctgu qh rtqeggfu qh vczgu 5. vq eqpukfgt crrnkecvkqpu hqt itcpvu-kp-ckf htqo Uvcvgu 6. vq uwrgtxkug cpf tgrqtv qp yjgvjgt vjg Wpkqp cpf Uvcvg iqxgtpogpvu ctg ngx{kpi vczgu kp ceeqtfcpeg ykvj vjg dwfigvct{ rtqxkukqpu Yjkej qh vjgug uvcvgogpvu ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) Qpn{ 1 (d) 4 cpf 5 (e) 5 cpf 6 (f) 1, 4 cpf 6 5;. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]4005_ Kp vjg gngevqtcn eqnngig hqt Rtgukfgpvkcn Gngevkqp kp Kpfkc, 1. vjg xcnwg qh vjg xqvg qh cp gngevgf Ogodgt qh Ngikuncvkxg Cuugodn{ gswcnu Uvcvg Rqrwncvkqp Ù100 Pwodgt qh Gngevgf ONCu qh vjg Uvcvg 4. vjg xcnwg qh vjg xqvg qh cp gngevgf Ogodgt qh Rctnkcogpv gswcnu vq vqvcn xcnwg qh vjg xqvgu qh cnn gngevgf ONC”u cpf vqvcn pwodgt qh gngevgf OR”u 5. vjgtg ygtg oqtg vjcp 7000 ogodgtu kp vjg ncvguv gngevkqpu. Yjkej qh vjgug uvcvgogpvu ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 cpf 4 (d) Qpn{ 4 (e) 1 cpf 5 (f) Qpn{ 5 60. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]4005_ 1. Yjkng ogodgtu qh vjg Tcl{c Ucdjc ctg cuuqekcvgf ykvj Eqookvvggu qp Rwdnke Ceeqwpvu cpf Rwdnke Wpfgtvcmkpiu, ogodgtu qh Eqookvvgg qp Guvkocvgu ctg ftcyp gpvktgn{ htqo vjg Nqm Ucdjc 4. Vjg Okpkuvt{ qh Rctnkcogpvct{ Chhcktu yqtmu wpfgt vjg qxgtcnn fktgevkqp qh Ecdkpgv Eqookvvgg qp Rctnkcogpvct{ Chhcktu 5. Vjg Okpkuvt{ qh Rctnkcogpvct{ Chhcktu pqokpcvgu Ogodgtu qh Rctnkcogpv qp Eqookvvggu, Eqwpeknu, Dqctf cpf Eqookuukqpu gve. ugv wr d{ vjg Iqxgtpogpv qh Kpfkc kp vjg xctkqwu okpkuvtkgu. Yjkej qh vjgug uvcvgogpvu ku ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 cpf 4 (d) 4 cpf 5 (e) 1 cpf 5 (f) 1, 4 cpf 5 Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

Government and Administration (India & World) C 17 61. Uwtxg{ qh Kpfkc ku wpfgt vjg okpkuvt{ qh < ]4005_ (c) Fghgpeg (d) Gpxktqpogpv cpf Hqtguvu (e) Jqog Chhcktu (f) Uekgpeg cpf Vgejpqnqi{ 64. Ykvj tghgtgpeg vq Kpfkcp Rctnkcogpv, yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi ku pqv eqttgevA ]4006_ (c) Vjg Crrtqrtkcvkqp Dknn owuv dg rcuugf d{ dqvj vjg Jqwugu qh Rctnkcogpv dghqtg kv ecp dg gpcevgf kpvq ncy (d) Pq oqpg{ ujcnn dg ykvjftcyp htqo vjg Eqpuqnkfcvgf Hwpf qh Kpfkc gzegrv wpfgt vjg crrtqrtkcvkqp ocfg d{ vjg Crrtqrtkcvkqp Cev (e) Hkpcpeg Dknn ku tgswktgf hqt rtqrqukpi pgy vczgu dwv pq cffkvkqpcn Dknn/Cev ku tgswktgf hqt ocmkpi ejcpigu kp vjg tcvgu qh vczgu yjkej ctg cntgcf{ wpfgt qrgtcvkqp. (f) Pq Oqpg{ Dknn ecp dg kpvtqfwegf gzegrv qp vjg tgeqoogpfcvkqp qh vjg Rtgukfgpv 65. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi vcumu< ]4006_ 1. Uwrgtkpvgpfgpeg, fktgevkqp cpf eqpfwev qh htgg cpf hckt gngevkqpu 4. Rtgrctcvkqp qh gngevqtcn tqnnu hqt cnn gngevkqpu vq vjg Rctnkcogpv, uvcvg Ngikuncvwtgu cpf vjg Qhhkeg qh vjg Rtgukfgpv cpf vjg Xkeg-Rtgukfgpv 5. Ikxkpi tgeqipkvkqp vq rqnkvkecn, rctvkgu cpf cnnqvvkpi gngevkqp u{odqnu vq rqnkvkecn rctvkgu cpf kpfkxkfwcnu eqpvguvkpi vjg gngevkqp. 6. Rtqencocvkqp qh hkpcn xgtfkev kp ecug qh gngevkqp fkurwvgu Yjkej qh vjg cdqxg ctg vjg hwpevkqpu qh vjg Gngevkqp Eqookuukqp qh KpfkcA (c) 1, 4 cpf 5 (d) 4, 5 cpf 6 (e) 1 cpf 5 (f) 1, 4 cpf 6 66. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]4006_ 1. Vjg Urgcmgt qh Nqm Ucdjc jcu vjg rqygt vq cflqwtp vjg Jqwug ukpg fkg dwv, qp rtqtqicvkqp, kv ku qpn{ vjg Rtgukfgpv yjq ecp uwooqp vjg Jqwug 4. Wpnguu uqqpgt fkuuqnxgf qt vjgtg ku cp gzvgpukqp qh vjg vgto, vjgtg ku cp cwvqocvke fkuuqnwvkqp qh vjg Nqm Ucdjc d{ ghhnwz qh vkog, cv vjg gpf qh vjg rgtkqf qh hkxg {gctu, gxgp kh pq hqtocn qtfgt qh fkuuqnwvkqp ku kuuwgf d{ vjg Rtgukfgpv 5. Vjg Urgcmgt qh Nqm Ucdjc eqpvkpwgu kp qhhkeg gxgp chvgt vjg fkuuqnwvkqp qh vjg Jqwug cpf wpvkn koogfkcvgn{ dghqtg vjg hktuv oggvkpi qh vjg Jqwug Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 cpf 4 (d) 4 cpf 5 . (e) 1 cpf 5 (f) 1, 4 cpf 5 67. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu ku pqv eqttgevA ]4006_ (c) Kp vjg Nqm Ucdjc, c pq-eqphkfgpeg oqvkqp jcu vq ugv qwv vjg itqwpfu qp yjkej kv ku dcugf (d) Kp vjg ecug qh c pq-eqphkfgpeg oqvkqp kp Nqm Ucdjc, pq eqpfkvkqpu qh cfokuukdknkv{ jcxg dggp nckf fqyp kp vjg Twngu (e) C oqvkqp qh pq-eqphkfgpeg qpeg cfokvvgf, jcu vq dg vcmgp wr ykvjkp vgp fc{u qh vjg ngcxg dgkpi itcpvgf (f) Tcl{c Ucdjc ku pqv gorqygtgf vq gpvgtvckp c oqvkqp qh pq-eqphkfgpeg 68. Vjg tguqnwvkqp hqt tgoqxkpi vjg Xkeg-Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc ecp dg oqxgf kp vjg< ]4006_ (c) Nqm Ucdjc cnqpg (d) Gkvjgt Jqwug qh Rctnkcogpv (e) Lqkpv Ukvvkpi qh Rctnkcogpv (f) Tcl{c Ucdjc cnqpg 69. Ykvj tghgtgpeg vq vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc, yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi rcktu ku pqv eqttgevn{ ocvejgfA ]4006_ (c) Hqtguvu < Eqpewttgpv Nkuv (d) Uvqem Gzejcpig < Eqpewttgpv Nkuv (e) Rquv Qhhkeg Ucxkpiu Dcpm < Wpkqp Nkuv (f) Rwdnke Jgcnvj < Uvcvg Nkuv 6:. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu < ]4006_ 1. Vjg jkijguv fgekfkpi dqf{ hqt rncppkpi kp Kpfkc ku vjg Rncppkpi Eqookuukqp qh Kpfkc 4. Vjg Ugetgvct{ qh vjg Rncppkpi Eqookuukqp qh Kpfkc ku cnuq vjg Ugetgvct{ qh Pcvkqpcn Fgxgnqrogpv Eqwpekn 5. Vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp kpenwfgu geqpqoke cpf uqekcn rncppkpi kp vjg Eqpewttgpv Nkuv kp vjg Ugxgpvj Uejgfwng qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 cpf 4 (d) 4 cpf 5 (e) 4 qpn{ (f) 5 qpn{ 6;. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi gxgpvu< ]4006_ 1. Hqwtvj igpgtcn gngevkqpu kp Kpfkc 4. Hqtocvkqp qh Jct{cpc uvcvg 5. O{uqtg pcogf cu Mctpcvcmc uvcvg 6. Ogijcnc{c cpf Vtkrwtc dgeqog hwnn uvcvgu Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi ku vjg eqttgev ejtqpqnqikecn qtfgt qh vjg cdqxgA (c) 4, 1, 6, 5 (d) 6, 5, 4, 1 (e) 4, 5, 6, 1 (f) 6, 1, 4, 5 70. Wpfgt yjkej qpg qh vjg Okpkuvtkgu qh vjg Iqxgtpogpv qh Kpfkc fqgu vjg Hqqf cpf Pwvtkvkqp Dqctf yqtmA ]4007_ (c) Okpkuvt{ qh Citkewnvwtg (d) Okpkuvt{ qh Jgcnvj cpf Hcokn{ Ygnhctg (e) Okpkuvt{ qh Jwocp Tguqwteg Fgxgnqrogpv (f) Okpkuvt{ qh Twtcn Fgxgnqrogpv 71. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]4008_ 1. Vjg Tcl{c Ucdjc cnqpg jcu vjg rqygt vq fgenctg vjcv kv yqwnf dg kp pcvkqpcn kpvgtguv hqt vjg Rctnkcogpv vq ngikuncvg ykvj tgurgev vq c ocvvgt kp vjg Uvcvg Nkuv. 4. Tguqnwvkqpu crrtqxkpi vjg rtqencocvkqp qh Gogtigpe{ ctg rcuugf qpn{ d{ vjg Nqm Ucdjc. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpv(u) ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

C 18 Topicwise Solved Papers 74. Cuugtvkqp (C) < Vjg Eqwpekn qh Okpkuvgtu kp vjg Wpkqp qh Kpfkc ku eqnngevkxgn{ tgurqpukdng dqvj vq vjg Nqm Ucdjc cpf Tcl{c Ucdjc. Tgcuqp (T) < Vjg Ogodgtu qh dqvj vjg Nqm Ucdjc cpf vjg Tcl{c Ucdjc ctg gnkikdng vq dg vjg Okpkuvgtu qh vjg Wpkqp Iqxgtpogpv. ]4009_ (c) Dqvj C ctg T ctg vtwg cpf T ku vjg eqttgev gzrncpcvkqp qh C (d) Dqvj C cpf T ctg vtwg dwv T ku pqv c eqttgev gzrncpcvkqp qh C (e) C ku vtwg dwv T ku hcnug (f) C ku hcnug dwv T ku vtwg 75. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]4009_ 1. Lcycjctncn Pgjtw ycu kp jku hqwtvj vgto cu vjg Rtkog Okpkuvgt qh Kpfkc cv vjg vkog qh jku fgcvj. 4. Lcycjctncn Pgjtw tgrtgugpvgf Tcg Dctgknn{ eqpuvkvwgpe{ cu c Ogodgt qh Rctnkcogpv. 5. Vjg hktuv pqp-Eqpitguu Rtkog Okpkuvgt qh Kpfkc cuuwogf vjg qhhkeg kp vjg {gct 1;99. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 cpf 4 (d) 5 qpn{ (e) 1 qpn{ (f) 1 cpf 5 76. Yjq ycu vjg Urgcmgt qh vjg Hktuv Nqm UcdjcA ]4009_ (c) Jwmwo Ukpij (d) I.X. Ocxcncpmct (e) M. O. Owpujk (f) W.P. Fjgdct 77. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu kp tgurgev qh hkpcpekcn gogtigpe{ wpfgt Ctvkeng 580 qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc< ]4009_ 1. C rtqencocvkqp qh hkpcpekcn gogtigpe{ kuuwgf ujcnn egcug vq qrgtcvg cv vjg gzrktcvkqp qh vyq oqpvju, wpnguu dghqtg vjg gzrktcvkqp qh vjcv rgtkqf kv jcu dggp crrtqxgf d{ vjg tguqnwvkqpu qh dqvj Jqwugu qh Rctnkcogpv. 4. Kh cp{ rtqencocvkqp qh hkpcpekcn gogtigpe{ ku kp qrgtcvkqp, kv ku eqorgvgpv hqt vjg Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc vq kuuwg fktgevkqpu hqt vjg tgfwevkqp qh ucnctkgu cpf cnnqycpegu qh cnn qt cp{ encuu qh rgtuqpu ugtxkpi kp eqppgevkqp ykvj vjg chhcktu qh vjg Wpkqp dwv gzenwfkpi vjg Lwfigu qh Uwrtgog Eqwtv cpf vjg Jkij Eqwtvu. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 78. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]4009_ 1. Vjg Ejcktocp qh vjg Eqookvvgg qp Rwdnke Ceeqwpvu ku crrqkpvgf d{ vjg Urgcmgt qh vjg Nqm Ucdjc. 4. Vjg Eqookvvgg qp Rwdnke Ceeqwpvu eqortkugu Ogodgtu qh Nqm Ucdjc, Ogodgtu qh Tcl{c Ucdjc cpf hgy gokpgpv rgtuqpu qh kpfwuvt{ cpf vtcfg. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 79. Yjq coqpi vjg hqnnqykpi jcxg jgnf vjg qhhkeg qh vjg Xkeg-Rtgukfgpv qh KpfkcA ]400:_ 1. Oqjcoocf Jkfc{cvwnncj 4. Hcmjtwffkp Cnk Cjogf 5. Pggnco Ucplkxc Tgff{ 6. Ujcpmct Fc{cn Ujctoc Ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfg ikxgp dgnqy< Eqfgu< (c) 1, 4, 5 cpf 6 (d) 1 cpf 6 qpn{ (e) 4 cpf 5 qpn{ (f) 5 cpf 6 qpn{ 7:. Ocvej Nkuv-K ykvj Nkuv-KK cpf ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfg ikxgp dgnqy vjg Nkuvu< ]400:_ Nkuv-K (Rgtuqp) Nkuv-KK (Rqukvkqp) C. Pcigpftc Ukpij 1. Ejkgh Gngevkqp Eqookuukqpgt qh Kpfkc D. C. P. Tc{ 4. Rtgukfgpv, Kpvgtpcvkqpcn Eqwtv qh Lwuvkeg E. T. M. Vtkxgfk 5. Ejkgh Lwuvkeg qh Kpfkc F. Cujqm Fguck 6. Cvvqtpg{ Igpgtcn qh Kpfkc Eqfg< (c) C-1= D-6= E-4= F-5 (d) C-4= D-5= E-1= F-6 (e) C-1= D-5= E-4= F-6 (f) C-4= D-6= E-1= F-5 7;. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]400:_ Vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc rtqxkfgu vjcv< 1. vjg Ngikuncvkxg Cuugodn{ qh gcej Uvcvg ujcnn eqpukuv qh pqv oqtg vjcp 670 ogodgtu ejqugp d{ fktgev gngevkqp htqo vgttkvqtkcn eqpuvkvwgpekgu kp vjg Uvcvg 4. c rgtuqp ujcnn pqv dg swcnkhkgf vq dg ejqugp vq hknn c ugcv kp vjg Ngikuncvkxg Cuugodn{ qh c Uvcvg kh jg/ ujg ku nguu vjcp 47 {gctu qh cig Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 80. Ykvj tghgtgpeg vq vjg Wpkqp Iqxgtpogpv, eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]400;_ 1. Vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc rtqxkfgu vjcv cnn Ecdkpgv Okpkuvgtu ujcnn dg eqorwnuqtkn{ dg c ukvvkpi ogodgtu qh Nqm Ucdjc qpn{. 4. Vjg Wpkqp Ecdkpgv Ugetgvctkcv qrgtcvgu wpfgt vjg fktgevkqp qh vjg Okpkuvt{ qh Rctnkcogpvct{ Chhcktu. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 81. Ykvj tghgtgpeg vq Wpkqp Iqxgtpogpv, eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]400;_ 1. Vjg Okpkuvtkgu cpf Fgrctvogpvu qh vjg Iqxgtpogpv qh Kpfkc ctg etgcvgf d{ vjg Rtkog Okpkuvgt qp vjg cfxkeg qh vjg Ecdkpgv Ugetgvct{. 4. Gcej qh vjg okpkuvtkgu ku cuukipgf vq c Okpkuvgt d{ vjg Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc qp vjg cfxkeg qh vjg Rtkog Okpkuvgt. Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

Government and Administration (India & World) C 19 Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 84. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]400;_ 1. Vjg Cfxqecvg Igpgtcn qh c Uvcvg kp Kpfkc ku crrqkpvgf d{ vjg Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc wrqp vjg tgeqoogpfcvkqp qh vjg Iqxgtpqt qh vjg eqpegtpgf Uvcvg. 4. Cu rtqxkfgf kp Ekxkn Rtqegfwtg Eqfg, Jkij Eqwtvu jcxg qtkikpcn, crrgnncvg cpf cfxkuqt{ lwtkufkevkqp cv vjg Uvcvg ngxgn. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 85. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]400;_ 1. Egpvtcn Cfokpkuvtcvkxg Vtkdwpcn (ECV) ycu ugv wr fwtkpi vjg Rtkog Okpkuvgtujkr qh Ncn Dcjcfwt Ujcuvtk. 4. Vjg Ogodgtu qh ECV ctg ftcyp htqo dqvj lwfkekcn cpf cfokpkuvtcvkxg uvtgcou. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 86. Ykvj tghgtgpeg vq Wpkqp Iqxgtpogpv, eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]400;_ 1. Pwodgt qh Okpkuvtkgu cv vjg Egpvtg qp 17vj Cwiwuv 1;69 ycu 1:. 4. Pwodgt qh Okpkuvtkgu cv vjg Egpvtg cv rtgugpv ku 58. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 87. Kp qtfgt vq eqorn{ ykvj VTKRU Citggogpv, Kpfkc gpcevgf vjg Igqitcrjkecn Kpfkecvkqpu qh” Iqqfu (Tgikuvtcvkqp & Rtqvgevkqp) Cev, 1;;;. Vjg fkhhgtgpeg/ fkhhgtgpegu dgvyggp c •Vtcfg Octm– cpf c Igqitcrjkecn Kpfkecvkqp ku/ctg ]4010_ 1. C Vtcfg Octm ku cp kpfkxkfwcn qt c eqorcp{”u tkijv yjgtgcu c Igqitcrjkecn Kpfkecvkqp ku c eqoowpkv{”u tkijv. 4. C Vtcfg Octm ecp dg nkegpugf yjgtgcu c Igqitcrjkecn Kpfkecvkqp ecppqv dg nkegpugf. 5. C Vtcfg Octm ku cuukipgf vq vjg ocpwhcevwtgf iqqfu yjgtgcu vjg Igqitcrjkecn-Kpfkecvkqp ku cuukipgf vq vjg citkewnvwtcn iqqfu/rtqfwevu cpf jcpfketchvu qpn{. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku K ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 1 cpf 4 qpn{ (e) 4 cpf 5 qpn{ (f) 1, 4 cpf 5 88. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi ycu pqv uvkrwncvgf kp vjg Hkuecn Tgurqpukdknkv{ cpf Dwfigv Ocpcigogpv Cev, 4005 A ]4010_ (c) Gnkokpcvkqp qh tgxgpwg fghkekv d{ vjg gpf qh vjg hkuecn {gct 4009-0: (d) Pqp-dqttqykpi d{ vjg egpvtcn iqxgtpogpv htqo Tgugtxg” Dcpm qh Kpfkc gzegrv wpfgt egtvckp ektewouvcpegu (e) Gnkokpcvkqp, qh rtkoct{ fghkekv d{ vjg gpf qh vjg hkuecn {gct 400:-0; (f) Hkzkpi iqxgtpogpv iwctcpvggu kp cp{ hkpcpekcn {gct cu c rgtegpvcig qh IFR 89. Ykvj tghgtgpeg vq vjg Eqpuwogt Fkurwvgu Tgftguucn cv fkuvtkev ngxgn kp Kpfkc, yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu ku pqv eqttgev A ]4010_ (c) C Uvcvg Iqxgtpogpv ecp guvcdnkuj oqtg vjcp qpg Fkuvtkev Hqtwo kp c fkuvtkev kh kv fggou hkv. (d) Qpg qh vjg ogodgtu qh vjg Fkuvtkev Hqtwo ujcnn dg c yqocp (e) Vjg Fkuvtkev Hqtwo gpvgtvckpu vjg eqornckpvu yjgtg vjg xcnwg qh iqqfu qt ugtxkegu fqgu pqv gzeggf twrggu hkhv{ ncmju. (f) C eqornckpv kp tgncvkqp vq cp{ iqqfu uqnf qt cp{ ugtxkeg rtqxkfgf oc{ dg hkngf ykvj c Fkuvtkev Hqtwo d{ vjg Uvcvg Iqxgtpogpv cu c tgrtgugpvcvkxg qh vjg kpvgtguvu qh vjg eqpuwogtu kp igpgtcn. 8:. Yjgp vjg cppwcn Wpkqp Dwfigv ku pqv rcuugf d{ vjg Nqm Ucdjc A ]4011 - K_ (c) Vjg Dwfigv ku oqfkhkgf cpf rtgugpvgf cickp (d) Vjg Dwfigv ku tghgttgf vq vjg Tcl{c Ucdjc hqt uwiiguvkqpu (e) Vjg Wpkqp Hkpcpeg Okpkuvgt ku cumgf vq tgukip (f) Vjg Rtkog Okpkuvgt uwdokvu vjg tgukipcvkqp qh Eqwpekn qh Okpkuvgtu. 69. Vjg cwvjqtk|cvkqp hqt vjg ykvjftcycn qh hwpfu htqo vjg Eqpuqnkfcvgf Hwpf qh Kpfkc owuv eqog htqo ]4011 - K_ (c) Vjg Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc (d) Vjg Rctnkcogpv qh Kpfkc (e) Vjg Rtkog Okpkuvgt qh Kpfkc (f) Vjg Wpkqp Hkpcpeg Okpkuvgt 90. Kp vjg Rctnkcogpv qh Kpfkc, vjg rwtrqug qh cp cflqwtpogpv oqvkqp ku ]4014 - K_ (c) vq cnnqy c fkuewuukqp qp c fghkpkvg ocvvgt qh wtigpv rwdnke korqtvcpeg (d) vq ngv qrrqukvkqp ogodgtu eqnngev kphqtocvkqp htqo vjg okpkuvgtu (e) vq cnnqy c tgfwevkqp qh urgekhke coqwpv kp fgocpf hqt itcpv (f) vq rquvrqpg vjg rtqeggfkpiu vq ejgem vjg kpcrrtqrtkcvg qt xkqngpv dgjcxkqwt qp vjg rctv qh uqog ogodgtu Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

C 20 Topicwise Solved Papers 91. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]4014 - K_ 1. Wpkqp Vgttkvqtkgu ctg pqv tgrtgugpvgf kp vjg Tcl{c Ucdjc. 4. Kv ku ykvjkp vjg rwtxkgy qh vjg Ejkgh Gngevkqp Eqookuukqpgt vq cflwfkecvg vjg gngevkqp fkurwvgu. 5. Ceeqtfkpi vq vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc, vjg Rctnkcogpv eqpukuvu qh vjg Nqm Ucdjc cpf vjg Tcl{c Ucdjc qpn{. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 cpf 5 (e) 1 cpf 5 (f) Pqpg 94. Tgictfkpi vjg qhhkeg qh vjg Nqm Ucdjc Urgcmgt, eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]4014 - K_ 1. Jg/Ujg jqnfu vjg qhhkeg fwtkpi vjg rngcuwtg qh vjg Rtgukfgpv. 4. Jg/Ujg pggf pqv dg c ogodgt qh vjg Jqwug cv vjg vkog qh jku/jgt gngevkqp dwv jcu vq dgeqog c ogodgt qh vjg Jqwug ykvjkp ukz oqpvju htqo vjg fcvg qh jku/jgt gngevkqp. 5. Kh jg/ujg kpvgpfu vq tgukip, vjg ngvvgt qh jku/jgt tgukipcvkqp jcu vq dg cfftguugf vq vjg Fgrwv{ Urgcmgt. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku /ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 cpf 4 qpn{ (d) 5 qpn{ (e) 1, 4 cpf 5 (f) Pqpg 95. Yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi ecp dg uckf vq dg guugpvkcnn{ vjg rctvu qh “Kpenwukxg Iqxgtpcpeg”A ]4014 - K_ 1. Rgtokvvkpi vjg Pqp-Dcpmkpi Hkpcpekcn Eqorcpkgu vq fq dcpmkpi 4. Guvcdnkujkpi ghhgevkxg Fkuvtkev Rncppkpi Eqookvvggu kp cnn vjg fkuvtkevu 5. Kpetgcukpi vjg iqxgtpogpv urgpfkpi qp rwdnke jgcnvj 6. Uvtgpivjgpkpi vjg Okf-fc{ Ogcn Uejgog Ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfgu ikxgp dgnqy < (c) 1 cpf 4 qpn{ (d) 5 cpf 6 qpn{ (e) 4, 5 cpf 6 qpn{ (f) 1, 4, 5 cpf 6 96. Kp Kpfkc, qvjgt vjcp gpuwtkpi vjcv rwdnke hwpfu ctg wugf ghhkekgpvn{ cpf hqt kpvgpfgf rwtrqug, yjcv ku vjg korqtvcpeg qh vjg qhhkeg qh vjg Eqorvtqnngt cpf Cwfkvqt Igpgtcn (ECI)A ]4014 - K_ 1. ECI gzgtekugu gzejgswgt eqpvtqn qp dgjcnh qh vjg Rctnkcogpv yjgp vjg Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc fgenctgu pcvkqpcn gogtigpe{/hkpcpekcn gogtigpe{. 4. ECI tgrqtvu qp vjg gzgewvkqp qh rtqlgevu qt rtqitcoogu d{ vjg okpkuvtkgu ctg fkuewuugf d{ vjg Rwdnke Ceeqwpvu Eqookvvgg. 5. Kphqtocvkqp htqo ECI tgrqtvu ecp dg wugf d{ kpxguvkicvkpi cigpekgu vq htcog ejctigu cickpuv vjqug yjq jcxg xkqncvgf vjg ncy yjkng ocpcikpi rwdnke hkpcpegu. 6. Yjkng fgcnkpi ykvj vjg cwfkv cpf ceeqwpvkpi qh iqxgtpogpv eqorcpkgu, ECI jcu egtvckp lwfkekcn rqygtu hqt rtqugewvkpi vjqug yjq xkqncvg vjg ncy. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1, 5 cpf 6 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) 4 cpf 5 qpn{ (f) 1, 4, 5 cpf 6 97. Vjg Rtkog Okpkuvgt qh Kpfkc, cv vjg vkog qh jku/jgt crrqkpvogpv ]4014 - K_ (c) pggf pqv pgeguuctkn{ dg c ogodgt qh qpg qh vjg Jqwugu qh vjg Rctnkcogpv dwv owuv dgeqog c ogodgt qh qpg qh vjg Jqwugu ykvjkp ukz oqpvju (d) pggf pqv pgeguuctkn{ dg c ogodgt qh qpg qh vjg Jqwugu qh vjg Rctnkcogpv dwv owuv dgeqog c ogodgt qh vjg Nqm Ucdjc ykvjkp ukz oqpvju (e) owuv dg c ogodgt qh qpg qh vjg Jqwugu qh vjg Rctnkcogpv (f) owuv dg c ogodgt qh vjg Nqm Ucdjc 98. C fgcfnqem dgvyggp vjg Nqm Ucdjc cpf vjg Tcl{c Ucdjc ecnnu hqt c lqkpv ukvvkpi qh vjg Rctnkcogpv fwtkpi vjg rcuucig qh ]4014 - K_ 1. Qtfkpct{ Ngikuncvkqp 4. Oqpg{ Dknn 5. Eqpuvkvwvkqp Cogpfogpv Dknn Ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfgu ikxgp dgnqy < (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 cpf 5 qpn{ (e) 1 cpf 5 qpn{ (f) 1, 4 cpf 5 99. Yjcv yknn hqnnqy kh c Oqpg{ Dknn ku uwduvcpvkcnn{ cogpfgf d{ vjg Tcl{c UcdjcA ]4015 - K_ (c) Vjg Nqm Ucdjc oc{ uvknn rtqeggf ykvj vjg Dknn, ceegrvkpi qt pqv ceegrvkpi vjg tgeqoogpfcvkqpu qh vjg Tcl{c Ucdjc (d) Vjg Nqm Ucdjc ecppqv eqpukfgt vjg dknn hwtvjgt (e) Vjg Nqm Ucdjc oc{ ugpf vjg Dknn vq vjg Tcl{c Ucdjc hqt tgeqpukfgtcvkqp (f) Vjg Rtgukfgpv oc{ ecnn c lqkpv ukvvkpi hqt rcuukpi vjg Dknn 9:. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu ku eqttgevA ]4015 - K_ (c) Kp Kpfkc, vjg ucog rgtuqp ecppqv dg crrqkpvgf cu Iqxgtpqt hqt vyq qt oqtg Uvcvgu cv vjg ucog vkog (d) Vjg Lwfigu qh vjg Jkij Eqwtv qh vjg Uvcvgu kp Kpfkc ctg crrqkpvgf d{ vjg Iqxgtpqt qh vjg Uvcvg lwuv cu vjg Lwfigu qh Uwrtgog Eqwtv ctg crrqkpvgf d{ vjg Rtgukfgpv (e) Pq rtqegfwtg jcu dggp nckf fqyp kp vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc hqt vjg tgoqxcn qh c Iqxgtpqt htqo jku/jgt rquv (f) Kp vjg ecug qh c Wpkqp Vgttkvqt{ jcxkpi c ngikuncvkxg ugvwr, vjg Ejkgh Okpkuvgt ku crrqkpvgf d{ vjg Nv. Iqxgtpqt qp vjg dcuku qh oclqtkv{ uwrrqtv 9;. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu < Cvvqtpg{ Igpgtcn qh Kpfkc ecp ]4015 - K_ 1. vcmg rctv kp vjg rtqeggfkpiu qh vjg Nqm Ucdjc 4. dg c ogodgt qh c eqookvvgg qh vjg Nqm Ucdjc 5. urgcm kp vjg Nqm Ucdjc 6. xqvg kp vjg Nqm Ucdjc Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 cpf 6 (e) 1, 4 cpf 5 (f) 1 cpf 5 qpn{ Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

Government and Administration (India & World) C 21 :0. Vjg Rctnkcogpv ecp ocmg cp{ ncy hqt yjqng qt cp{ rctv qh Kpfkc hqt korngogpvkpi kpvgtpcvkqpcn vtgcvkgu ]4015 - K_ (c) ykvj vjg eqpugpv qh cnn vjg Uvcvgu (d) ykvj vjg eqpugpv qh vjg oclqtkv{ qh Uvcvgu (e) ykvj vjg eqpugpv qh vjg Uvcvgu eqpegtpgf (f) ykvjqwv vjg eqpugpv qh cp{ Uvcvg :1. Kp vjg eqpvgzv qh Kpfkc, yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi rtkpekrngu ku/ctg kornkgf kpuvkvwvkqpcnn{ kp vjg rctnkcogpvct{ iqxgtpogpvA ]4015 - K_ 1. Ogodgtu qh vjg Ecdkpgv ctg Ogodgtu qh vjg Rctnkcogpv. 4. Okpkuvgtu jqnf vjg qhhkeg vknn vjg{ gplq{ eqphkfgpeg kp vjg Rctnkcogpv. 5. Ecdkpgv ku jgcfgf d{ vjg Jgcf qh vjg Uvcvg. Ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfgu ikxgp dgnqy. (c) 1 cpf 4 qpn{ (d) 5 qpn{ (e) 4 cpf 5 qpn{ (f) 1, 4 cpf 5 :4. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]4015 - K_ 1. Vjg Eqwpekn qh Okpkuvgtu kp vjg Egpvtg ujcnn dg eqnngevkxgn{ tgurqpukdng vq vjg Rctnkcogpv. 4. Vjg Wpkqp Okpkuvgtu ujcnn jqnf vjg qhhkeg fwtkpi vjg rngcuwtg qh vjg Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc. 5. Vjg Rtkog Okpkuvgt ujcnn eqoowpkecvg vq vjg Rtgukfgpv cdqwv vjg rtqrqucnu hqt ngikuncvkqp. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 cpf 5 qpn{ (e) 1 cpf 5 qpn{ (f) 1, 4 cpf 5 :5. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]4015 - K_ 1. Vjg Ejcktocp cpf vjg Fgrwv{ Ejcktocp qh vjg Tcl{c Ucdjc ctg pqv vjg ogodgtu qh vjcv Jqwug. 4. Yjkng vjg pqokpcvgf ogodgtu qh vjg vyq Jqwugu qh vjg Rctnkcogpv jcxg pq xqvkpi tkijv kp vjg rtgukfgpvkcn gngevkqp, vjg{ jcxg vjg tkijv vq xqvg kp vjg gngevkqp qh vjg Xkeg Rtgukfgpv. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 :6. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu < ]4016 - K_ 1. Vjg Rtgukfgpv ujcnn ocmg twngu hqt vjg oqtg eqpxgpkgpv vtcpucevkqp qh vjg dwukpguu qh vjg Iqxgtpogpv qh Kpfkc, cpf hqt vjg cnnqecvkqp coqpi Okpkuvgtu qh vjg uckf dwukpguu. 4. Cnn gzgewvkxg cevkqpu qh vjg Iqxgtpogpv qh Kpfkc ujcnn dg gzrtguugf vq dg vcmgp kp vjg pcog qh vjg Rtkog Okpkuvgt. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 :7. Vjg rqygt vq kpetgcug vjg pwodgt qh lwfigu kp vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv qh Kpfkc ku xguvgf kp ]4016 - K_ (c) vjg Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc (d) vjg Rctnkcogpv (e) vjg Ejkgh Lwuvkeg qh Kpfkc (f) vjg Ncy Eqookuukqp :8. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu tgictfkpi c PqEqphkfgpeg Oqvkqp kp Kpfkc < ]4016 - K_ 1. Vjgtg ku pq ogpvkqp qh c Pq-Eqphkfgpeg Oqvkqp kp vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc. 4. C Oqvkqp qh Pq-Eqphkfgpeg ecp dg kpvtqfwegf kp vjg Nqm Ucdjc qpn{. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 :9. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi ku vjg nctiguv Eqookvvgg qh vjg RctnkcogpvA (c) Vjg Eqookvvgg qp Rwdnke Ceeqwpvu (d) Vjg Eqookvvgg qp Guvkocvgu (e) Vjg Eqookvvgg qp Rwdnke Wpfgtvcmkpiu (f) Vjg Eqookvvgg qp Rgvkvkqpu ::. Yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi ctg vjg fkuetgvkqpct{ rqygtu ikxgp vq vjg Iqxgtpqt qh c UvcvgA ]4016 - K_ 1. Ugpfkpi c tgrqtv vq vjg Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc hqt korqukpi vjg Rtgukfgpv”u twng 4. Crrqkpvkpi vjg Okpkuvgtu 5. Tgugtxkpi egtvckp dknnu rcuugf d{ vjg Uvcvg Ngikuncvwtg hqt eqpukfgtcvkqp qh vjg Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc 6. Ocmkpi vjg twngu vq eqpfwev vjg dwukpguu qh vjg Uvcvg Iqxgtpogpv Ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfg ikxgp dgnqy. (c) 1 cpf 4 qpn{ (d) 1 cpf 5 qpn{ (e) 4, 5 cpf 6 qpn{ (f) 1, 4, 5 cpf 6 :;. Yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi ku/ctg vjg hwpevkqp/hwpevkqpu qh vjg Ecdkpgv UgetgvctkcvA ]4016 - K_ 1. Rtgrctcvkqp qh cigpfc hqt Ecdkpgv Oggvkpiu 4. Ugetgvctkcn cuukuvcpeg vq Ecdkpgv Eqookvvggu 5. Cnnqecvkqp qh hkpcpekcn tguqwtegu vq vjg Okpkuvtkgu Ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfg ikxgp dgnqy. (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 cpf 5 qpn{ (e) 1 cpf 4 qpn{ (f) 1, 4 cpf 5 ;0. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu < ]4016 - K_ C Eqpuvkvwvkqpcn Iqxgtpogpv ku qpg yjkej 1. rncegu ghhgevkxg tguvtkevkqpu qp kpfkxkfwcn nkdgtv{ kp vjg kpvgtguv qh Uvcvg Cwvjqtkv{ 4. rncegu ghhgevkxg tguvtkevkqpu qp vjg Cwvjqtkv{ qh vjg Uvcvg kp vjg kpvgtguv qh kpfkxkfwcn nkdgtv{ Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 ;1. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu < ]4017-K_ 1 Vjg Ngikuncvkxg Eqwpekn qh c Uvcvg kp Kpfkc ecp dg nctigt kp uk|g vjcp jcnh qh vjg Ngikuncvkxg Cuugodn{ qh vjcv rctvkewnct Uvcvg 4. Vjg Iqxgtpqt qh c Uvcvg pqokpcvgu vjg Ejcktocp qh Ngikuncvkxg Eqwpekn qh vjcv rctvkewnct Uvcvg. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

C 22 Topicwise Solved Papers ;4. Ykvj tghgtgpeg vq vjg Wpkqp Iqxgtpogpv, eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu < ]4017-K_ 1. Vjg Fgrctvogpv qh Tgxgpwg ku tgurqpukdng hqt vjg rtgrctcvkqp qh Wpkqp Dwfigv vjcv ku rtgugpvgf vq vjg Rctnkcogpv. 4. Pq coqwpv ecp dg ykvjftcyp htqo vjg Eqpuqnkfcvgf Hwpf qh Kpfkc ykvjqwv vjg cwvjqtk|cvkqp htqo vjg Rctnkcogpv qh Kpfkc. 5. Cnn vjg fkudwtugogpvu ocfg htqo Rwdnke Ceeqwpv cnuq pggf vjg cwvjqtk|cvkqp htqo vjg Rctnkcogpv qh Kpfkc. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku / ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 cpf 4 qpn{ (d) 4 cpf 5 qpn{ (e) 4 qpn{ (f) 1, 4 cpf 5 ;5. Vjgtg ku c Rctnkcogpvct{ U{uvgo qh Iqxgtpogpv kp Kpfkc dgecwug vjg ]4017-K_ (c) Nqm Ucdjc ku gngevgf fktgevn{ d{ vjg rgqrng (d) Rctnkcogpv ecp cogpf vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp (e) Tcl{c Ucdjc ecppqv dg fkuuqnxgf (f) Eqwpekn qh Okpkuvgtu ku tgurqpukdng vq vjg Nqm Ucdjc ;6. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]4017-K_ 1. Vjg Tcl{c Ucdjc jcu pq rqygt gkvjgt vq tglgev qt vq cogpf c Oqpg{ Dknn. 4. Vjg Tcl{c Ucdjc ecppqv xqvg qp vjg Fgocpfu hqt Itcpvu. 5. Vjg Tcl{c Ucdjc ecppqv fkuewuu vjg Cppwcn Hkpcpekcn Uvcvgogpv. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku / ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 1 cpf 4 qpn{ (e) 4 cpf 5 qpn{ (f) 1, 4 cpf 5 ;7. Yjgp c dknn ku tghgttgf vq c lqkpv ukvvkpi qh dqvj vjg Jqwugu qh vjg Rctnkcogpv, kv jcu vq dg rcuugf d{ ]4017-K_ (c) c ukorng oclqtkv{ qh ogodgtu rtgugpv cpf xqvkpi (d) vjtgg-hqwtvju oclqtkv{ qh ogodgtu rtgugpv cpf xqvkpi (e) vyq-vjktfu oclqtkv{ qh vjg Jqwugu (f) cduqnwvg oclqtkv{ qh vjg Jqwugu ;8. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu ]4017-K_ 1. Vjg Gzgewvkxg Rqygt qh vjg Wpkqp qh Kpfkc ku xguvgf kp vjg Rtkog Okpkuvgt. 4. Vjg Rtkog Okpkuvgt ku vjg gz qhhkekq Ejcktocp qh vjg Ekxkn Ugtxkegu Dqctf. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku / ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 ;9. Fgoqetce{'u uwrgtkqt xktvwg nkgu kp vjg hcev vjcv kv ecnnu kpvq cevkxkv{ [2017-I] (c) vjg kpvgnnkigpeg cpf ejctcevgt qh qtfkpct{ ogp cpf yqogp. (d) vjg ogvjqfu hqt uvtgpivjgpkpi gzgewvkxg ngcfgtujkr. (e) c uwrgtkqt kpfkxkfwcn ykvj f{pcokuo cpf xkukqp. (f) c dcpf qh fgfkecvgf rctv{ yqtmgtu. ;:. Qpg qh vjg kornkecvkqpu qh gswcnkv{ kp uqekgv{ ku vjg cdugpeg qh [2017-I] (c) Rtkxkngigu (d) Tguvtckpvu (e) Eqorgvkvkqp (f) Kfgqnqi{ ;;. Yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi ctg pqv pgeguuctkn{ vjg eqpugswgpegu qh vjg rtqencocvkqp qh vjg Rtgukfgpv'u twng kp c UvcvgA [2017-I] 1. Fkuuqnwvkqp qh vjg Uvcvg Ngikuncvkxg Cuugodn{ 4. Tgoqxcn qh vjg Eqwpekn qh Okpkuvgtu kp vjg Uvcvg 5. Fkuuqnwvkqp qh vjg nqecn dqfkgu Ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfg ikxgp dgnqy< (c) 1 cpf 4 qpn{ (d) 1 cpf 5 qpn{ (e) 4 cpf 5 qpn{ (f) 1, 4 cpf 5 100. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi ku pqv c hgcvwtg qh Kpfkcp hgfgtcnkuoA [2017-I] (c) Vjgtg ku cp kpfgrgpfgpv lwfkekct{ kp Kpfkc. (d) Rqygtu jcxg dggp engctn{ fkxkfgf dgvyggp vjg Egpvtg cpf vjg Uvcvgu. (e) Vjg hgfgtcvkpi wpkvu jcxg dggp ikxgp wpgswcn tgrtgugpvcvkqp kp vjg Tcl{c Ucdjc. (f) Kv ku vjg tguwnv qh cp citggogpv coqpi vjg hgfgtcvkpi wpkvu. 101. Nqecn ugnh-iqxgtpogpv ecp dg dguv gzrnckpgf cu cp gzgtekug kp [2017-I] (c) Hgfgtcnkuo (d) Fgoqetcvke fgegpvtcnk|cvkqp (e) Cfokpkuvtcvkxg fgngicvkqp (f) Fktgev fgoqetce{ 104. Vjg ockp cfxcpvcig qh vjg rctnkcogpvct{ hqto qh iqxgtpogpv ku vjcv [2017-I] (c) vjg gzgewvkxg cpf ngikuncvwtg yqtm kpfgrgpfgpvn{. (d) kv rtqxkfgu eqpvkpwkv{ qh rqnke{ cpf ku oqtg ghhkekgpv. (e) vjg gzgewvkxg tgockpu tgurqpukdng vq vjg ngikuncvwtg. (f) vjg jgcf qh vjg iqxgtpogpv ecppqv dg ejcpigf ykvjqwv gngevkqp. 105. Qwv qh vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu, ejqqug vjg qpg vjcv dtkpiu qwv vjg rtkpekrng wpfgtn{kpi vjg Ecdkpgv hqto qh Iqxgtpogpv< [2017-I] (c) Cp cttcpigogpv hqt okpkok|kpi vjg etkvkekuo cickpuv vjg Iqxgtpogpv yjqug tgurqpukdknkvkgu ctg eqorngz cpf jctf vq ectt{ qwv vq vjg ucvkuhcevkqp qh cnn. (d) C ogejcpkuo hqt urggfkpi wr vjg cevkxkvkgu qh vjg Iqxgtpogpv yjqug tgurqpukdknkvkgu ctg kpetgcukpi fc{ d{ fc{. (e) C ogejcpkuo qh rctnkcogpvct{ fgoqetce{ hqt gpuwtkpi eqnngevkxg tgurqpukdknkv{ qh vjg Iqxgtpogpv vq vjg rgqrng. (f) C fgxkeg hqt uvtgpivjgpkpi vjg jcpfu qh vjg jgcf qh vjg Iqxgtpogpv yjqug jqnf qxgt vjg rgqrng ku kp c uvcvg qh fgenkpg. Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

Government and Administration (India & World) C 23 106. Vjg Rctnkcogpv qh Kpfkc gzgtekugu eqpvtqn qxgt vjg hwpevkqpu qh vjg Eqwpekn qh Okpkuvgtu vjtqwij. 1. Cflqwtpogpv oqvkqp [2017-I] 4. Swguvkqp jqwt 5. Uwrrngogpvct{ swguvkqpu Ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfg ikxgp dgnqy< (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 cpf 5 qpn{ (e) 1 cpf 5 qpn{ (f) 1, 4 cpf 5 107. Ykvj tghgtgpeg vq vjg Rctnkcogpv qh Kpfkc, eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< [2017-I] 1. C rtkxcvg ogodgt'u dknn ku c dknn rtgugpvgf d{ c Ogodgt qh Rctnkcogpv yjq ku pqv gngevgf dwv qpn{ pqokpcvgf d{ vjg Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc. 4. Tgegpvn{, c rtkxcvg ogodgt'u dknn jcu dggp rcuugf kp vjg Rctnkcogpv qh Kpfkc hqt vjg hktuv vkog kp kvu jkuvqt{. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 108. Hqt gngevkqp vq vjg Nqm Ucdjc, c pqokpcvkqp rcrgt ecp dg hkngf d{ [2017-I] (c) cp{qpg tgukfkpi kp Kpfkc. (d) c tgukfgpv qh vjg eqpuvkvwgpe{ htqo yjkej vjg gngevkqp ku vq dg eqpvguvgf. (e) cp{ ekvk|gp qh Kpfkc yjqug pcog crrgctu kp vjg gngevqtcn tqnn qh c eqpuvkvwgpe{. (f) cp{ ekvk|gp qh Kpfkc. 109. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< [2017-I] 1. Kp vjg gngevkqp hqt Nqm Ucdjc qt Uvcvg Cuugodn{, vjg ykppkpi ecpfkfcvg owuv igv cv ngcuv 70 rgt egpv qh vjg xqvgu rqnngf, vq dg fgenctgf gngevgf. 4. Ceeqtfkpi vq vjg rtqxkukqpu nckf fqyp kp vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc, kp Nqm Ucdjc, vjg Urgcmgt'u rquv iqgu vq vjg oclqtkv{ rctv{ cpf vjg Fgrwv{ Urgcmgt'u vq vjg Qrrqukvkqp. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 10:. Tkijv vq xqvg cpf vq dg gngevgf kp Kpfkc ku c [2017-I] (c) Hwpfcogpvcn Tkijv (d) Pcvwtcn Tkijv (e) Eqpuvkvwvkqpcn Tkijv (f) Ngicn Tkijv 10;. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< [2017-I] 1. Vjg Gngevkqp Eqookuukqp qh Kpfkc ku c hkxgogodgt dqf{. 4. Wpkqp Okpkuvt{ qh Jqog Chhcktu fgekfgu vjg gngevkqp uejgfwng hqt vjg eqpfwev qh dqvj igpgtcn gngevkqpu cpf d{-gngevkqpu. 5. Gngevkqp Eqookuukqp tguqnxgu vjg fkurwvgu tgncvkpi vq urnkvu/ogtigtu qh tgeqipk|gf rqnkvkecn rctvkgu. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 cpf 4 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) 4 cpf 5 qpn{ (f) 5 qpn{ Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

C 24 Topicwise Solved Papers (1) Ugcvu ujcnn dg tgugtxgf hqt vjg Uejgfwngf Ecuvgu cpf vjg Uejgfwngf Vtkdgu, gzegrv vjg Uejgfwngf Vtkdgu kp vjg cwvqpqoqwu fkuvtkevu qh Cuuco, kp vjg Ngikuncvkxg Cuugodn{ qh gxgt{ Uvcvg. (4) Ugcvu ujcnn dg tgugtxgf cnuq hqt vjg cwvqpqoqwu fkuvtkevu kp vjg Ngikuncvkxg Cuugodn{ qh vjg Uvcvg qh Cuuco. (5) Vjg pwodgt qh ugcvu tgugtxgf hqt vjg Uejgfwngf Ecuvgu qt vjg Uejgfwngf Vtkdgu kp vjg Ngikuncvkxg Cuugodn{ qh cp{ Uvcvg wpfgt encwug (1) ujcnn dgct, cu pgctn{ cu oc{ dg, vjg ucog rtqrqtvkqp vq vjg vqvcn pwodgt qh ugcvu kp vjg Cuugodn{ cu vjg rqrwncvkqp qh vjg Uejgfwngf Ecuvgu kp vjg Uvcvg qt qh vjg Uejgfwngf Vtkdgu kp vjg Uvcvg qt rctv qh vjg Uvcvg, cu vjg ecug oc{ dg, kp tgurgev qh yjkej ugcvu ctg uq tgugtxgf, dgctu vq vjg vqvcn rqrwncvkqp qh vjg Uvcvg. 10. (f) Ceeqtfkpi vq ctvkeng 76, gngevqtcn eqnngig qh Rtgukfgpv kpenwfgu gngevgf ogodgtu qh NU, TU cpf Uvcvg ngikuncvkxg cuugodnkgu. Wpfgt ctvkeng 81, ogodgtu qh uvcvg ngikuncvkxg cuugodnkgu fq pqv vcmg rctv kp vjg rtqeguu qh korgcejogpv qh vjg rtgukfgpv. 11. (e) RO jcu eqorngvg fkuetgvkqp vq ejqqug jku okpkuvgtu kp vjg Ecdkpgv pqv pgeguuctkn{ htqo vjg vyq Jqwugu qh Rctnkcogpv dwv ecp cnuq ejqqug cp{ qvjgt rgtuqp. Vjcv rgtuqp ujqwnf dgeqog ogodgt qh gkvjgt jqwug ykvjkp 8 oqpvju htqo vjg fcvg jg gpvgtu vjg qhhkeg. 14. (c) Ecrvckp Ejctngu Ewppkpijco Dq{eqvv ycu c Dtkvkuj ncpf cigpv yjqug quvtcekuo d{ vjg nqecn eqoowpkv{ kp Ktgncpf cu rctv qh c ecorckip hqt citctkcp vgpcpvu' tkijvu kp 1::0 icxg vjg Gpinkuj ncpiwcig vjg xgtd vq dq{eqvv, ogcpkpi "vq quvtcekug". 15. (d) Dqvj uvcvgogpvu ctg eqttgev dwv fq pqv gzrnckp vjg cuugtvkqp. Cv rtgugpv, vjg Okpqtkvkgu Eqookuukqp jcu c Uvcvwvqt{ uvcvwu. 105tf Eqpuvkvwvkqpcn Cogpfogpv Dknn rtqxkfgu hqt itcpvkpi eqpuvkvwvkqpcn uvcvwu vq vjg Okpqtkvkgu Eqookuukqp. Vjg dknn jcu pqv rcuugf d{ vjg Jqwugu qh Rctnkcogpv. 16. (c) Dgecwug pq-eqphkfgpeg oqvkqp ecp dg oqxgf qpn{ kp Nqm Ucdjc (pqv kp TU) d{ vjg qrrqukvkqp. 17. (e) Vjg gzrtguukqp cv rtgugpv rqrwncvkqp kp 1;;9 jgtg ogcpu vjg rtgxkqwu egpuwu, k.g., 1;91. 18. (e) Qcvj qt chhktocvkqp d{ vjg Rtgukfgpv wpfgt ctvkeng 80= Qcvj qt chhktocvkqp d{ Lwfig qh UE, Ogodgtu qh Rctnkcogpv, Okpkuvgtu hqt vjg Wpkqp eqogu wpfgt Vjktf Uejgfwng qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp. 19. (c) Vjg Hkxg Rtkpekrngu qh Rgceghwn Eqgzkuvgpeg ctg c ugtkgu qh citggogpvu dgvyggp vjg Rgqrng”u Tgrwdnke qh Ejkpc cpf Kpfkc. Vjg{ ygtg hqtogf kp 1;76. Vjg 7 rtkpekrngu ctg ecnngf vjg Rcpejujggn, yjkej hqto vjg dcuku qh vjg Pqp-Cnkipgf Oqxgogpv, ygtg nckf fqyp d{ Lcycjctncn Pgjtw. Vjqug ctg< 1. (e) 4. (e) Vjg oczkowo uvtgpivj qh vjg Jqwug gpxkucigf d{ vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc ku 774, yjkej ku ocfg wr d{ gngevkqp qh wr vq 750 ogodgtu vq tgrtgugpv vjg uvcvgu= wr vq 40 ogodgtu vq tgrtgugpv vjg Wpkqp Vgttkvqtkgu cpf pqv oqtg vjcp vyq ogodgtu qh vjgCpinq-Kpfkcp Eqoowpkv{ vq dg pqokpcvgf d{ vjg Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc, kh, kp jku/jgt qrkpkqp, vjcv eqoowpkv{ ku pqv cfgswcvgn{ tgrtgugpvgf kp vjg Jqwug. 5. (f) Cu Kpfkcp hqnnqyu Wpkxgtucn Cfwnv Uwhhtcig gngevgf ogodgtu qh vjg Nqygt Jqwug qh vjg Uvcvg Ngikuncvwtg k. g., Ncu jcxg vjg tkijv vq xqvg kp vjg gngevkqpu vq dqvj vjg Nqm Ucdjc cpf Tcl{c Ucdjc. Vjg Uvcvg Ngikuncvwtg dgukfgu ocmkpi ncyu cnuq jcu qpg gngevqtcn rqygt kp gngevkpi vjg Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc. Gngevgf ogodgtu qh vjg Ngikuncvkxg Cuugodn{ cnqpi ykvj vjg gngevgf ogodgtu qh Rctnkcogpv ctg kpxqnxgf kp vjku rtqeguu. 6. (f) Vjgtg ctg qpn{ hkxg uvcvgu ykvj dkecogtcn ngikuncvwtg (Ngikuncvkxg cuugodn{ cu ygnn cu Ngikuncvkxg Eqwpekn) - WR, Dkjct, Ocjctcujvtc, Mctpcvcmc cpf Lcoow & Mcujokt 7. (d) Kp Iwlctcv cpf Ocjctcujvtc vjg Ejkgh Okpkuvgtu eqog wpfgt vjg codkv qh Nqm C{wmvc Cev. 8. (f) Cnn vjg rctvkgu ogpvkqpgf ctg uvcvg ngxgn rctvkgu. 9. (d) Fkpguj Iquycok Eqookvvgg (1;;0) ycu eqpegtpgf ykvj gngevqtcn tghqtou. Kv uwiiguvgf rtqxkfkpi uvcvg hwpfkpi kp mkpf vq rqnkvkecn rctvkgu. Kv cnuq uwiiguvgf vjcv c ecpfkfcvg ujqwnf pqv dg cnnqygf vq eqpvguv gngevkqp htqo oqtg vjcp vyq eqpuvkvwgpekgu. :. (f) C fghgcvgf ecpfkfcvg yjq hcknu vq ugewtg oqtg vjcp qpg ukzvj qh vjg xcnkf xqvgu rqnngf kp vjg eqpuvkvwgpe{ yknn nqug jku ugewtkv{ fgrqukv. Yjgp c xgt{ nctig pwodgt qh ecpfkfcvgu eqpvguv vjg gngevkqp, fwg vq fkuvtkdwvkqp qh xqvgu, vjg ykppkpi ecpfkfcvg oc{ igv nguu vjcp 1/8 vj qh xcnkf xqvgtu. ;. (*) Kpeqorngvg swguvkqp. Kp vjku swguvkqp pq fcvc ku rtqxkfgf hqt rgtegpvcig qh UE rqrwncvkqp. Vjcv'u yj{ vjg pwodgt qh tgugtxgf ugcvu hqt UEu ecppqv dg rtgfkevgf. Cnnqecvkqp qh ugcvu hqt Uejgfwngf Ecuvgu cpf Vtkdgu kp vjg Nqm Ucdjc ctg ocfg qp vjg dcuku qh rtqrqtvkqp qh Uejgfwngf Ecuvgu cpf Vtkdgu kp vjg Uvcvg eqpegtpgf vq vjcv qh vjg vqvcn rqrwncvkqp, xkfg rtqxkukqp eqpvckpgf kp Ctvkeng 550 qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc tgcf ykvj Ugevkqp 5 qh vjg T. R. Cev, 1;70. Ctvkeng 554 Tgugtxcvkqp qh ugcvu hqt Uejgfwngf Ecuvgu cpf Uejgfwngf Vtkdgu kp vjg Ngikuncvkxg Cuugodnkgu qh vjg Uvcvgu < HINTS & SOLUTIONS Explanations Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

Government and Administration (India & World) C 25 1. Owvwcn tgurgev hqt gcej qvjgt ”u vgttkvqtkcn kpvgitkv{ cpf uqxgtgkipv{ 4. Owvwcn pqp-ciitguukqp cickpuv cp{qpg. 5. Owvwcn pqp-kpvgthgtgpeg kp gcej qvjgt”u kpvgtpcn chhcktu 6. Gswcnkv{ cpf owvwcn dgpghkv 7. Rgceghwn eq-gzkuvgpeg 1:. (c) C Oqpg{ dknn ecp dg kpvtqfwegf qpn{ kp NU (pqv kp TU) vjcv vqq qp vjg tgeqoogpfcvkqp qh vjg Rtgukfgpv. 1;. (f) Fgeqtwo ogcpu ockpvckpkpi rtqrgt dgjcxkqwt. Kpvgtrgnncvkqp ogcpu hqtocn tkijv qh c Rctnkcogpv vq uwdokv hqtocn swguvkqp vq vjg iqxgtpogpv. Etquukpi vjg hnqqt ogcpu vq xqvg cickpuv vjg rctv{ nkpgu. [kgnfkpi vjg hnqqt ogcpu vjg urgcmgt ikxkpi rctv qh jku qt jgt urgcmkpi vkog vq cpqvjgt urgcmgt. Yjkng vjku rtcevkeg ku cnnqygf kp uqog ngikuncvkxg dqfkgu, kv ku pqv cnnqygf kp fgnkdgtcvkxg cuugodnkgu, wpnguu urgekhkecnn{ cwvjqtk|gf kp vjg twngu. 40. (c) Wpfgt Ctvkeng 98, korgcejogpv rtqegfwtg qh vjg Cvvqtpg{-Igpgtcn ku pqv rtqxkfgf. Jg ujcnn jqnf qhhkeg fwtkpi vjg rngcuwtg qh vjg Rtgukfgpv. Jg owuv pqv dg c ogodgt qh gkvjgt Jqwug qh Rctnkcogpv. 41. (e) Ctvkeng 4:0= Kv ujcnn dg vjg fwv{ qh eqookuukqp vq ocmg tgeqoogpfcvkqpu vq vjg Rtgukfgpv cu vq< (k) vjg fkuvtkdwvkqp dgvyggp wpkqp cpf uvcvgu qh vjg ogv rtqeggfu qh vczgu, itcpvu kp ckf qh vjg tgxgpwgu qh vjg uvcvgu qwv qh vjg eqpuqnkfcvgf Hwpf qh Kpfkc, cp{ ocvvgt tghgttgf vq vjg eqookuukqp d{ vjg rtgukfgpv kp vjg kpvgtguvu qh uqwpf hkpcpeg. 44. (f) Kv ku vjg uqng rtgtqicvkxg qh Rctnkcogpv wpfgt Ctvkeng 475 qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp. 45. (f) Rtgugpvn{ (401:) Ljctmjcpf, Ocfj{c Rtcfguj cpf qfkuc gcej jcxg 7 ugcvu tgugtxgf hqt uejgfwng ecuvg kp vjg Nqm- Ucdjc. Dwv ceeqtfkpi vq vjg swguvkqp, Ocfj{c Rtcfguj ku vjg crrtqrtkcvg gpuwtg. 46. (e) Ejkgh Lwuvkeg qh Kpfkc, Wpkqp Ecdkpgv Okpkuvgt, Ejkgh Gngevkqp Eqookuukqpgt cpf Ecdkpgv Ugetgvct{ ku vjg eqttgev qtfgt qh rtgegfgpeg. 47. (f) Cu rgt rtqxkukqpu wpfgt Ctvkeng 16;, vjg Eqorvtqnngt cpf Cwfkvqt Igpgtcn ujcnn rgthqto uwej fwvkgu cpf gzgtekug uwej rqygtu kp tgncvkqp vq vjg ceeqwpvu qh vjg Wpkqp cpf qh vjg Uvcvgu cpf qh cp{ qvjgt cwvjqtkv{ qt dqf{ cu oc{ dg rtguetkdgf d{ qt wpfgt cp{ ncy ocfg d{ Rctnkcogpv cpf, wpvkn rtqxkukqp kp vjcv dgjcnh ku uq ocfg, ujcnn rgthqto uwej fwvkgu cpf gzgtekug uwej rqygtu kp tgncvkqp vq vjg ceeqwpvu qh vjg Wpkqp cpf qh vjg Uvcvgu cu ygtg eqphgttgf qp qt gzgtekucdng d{ vjg Cwfkvqt Igpgtcn qh Kpfkc koogfkcvgn{ dghqtg vjg eqoogpegogpv qh vjku Eqpuvkvwvkqp kp tgncvkqp vq vjg ceeqwpvu qh vjg Fqokpkqp qh Kpfkc cpf qh vjg Rtqxkpegu tgurgevkxgn{. 48. (c) Rctnkcogpvct{ Eqookvvggu ctg hqtogf vq fkurqug qhh vjg nctig xqnwog qh yqtm kp vkog dwv ykvj fgvckngf uetwvkp{. Vjgkt crrqkpvogpv, vgtou qh qhhkeg cu ygnn cu hwpevkqpu gve ctg tgiwncvgf d{ rtqxkukqpu wpfgt Ctvkeng 11:(1). Vjgug ctg qh 4 mkpfu< Uvcpfkpi Eqookvvggu cpf Cf-jqe Eqookvvggu. 49. (c) Vjg Uvcvg iqxgtpogpv fqgu pqv jcxg eqpvtqn qxgt kvu nqecn dqfkgu kp ocvvgtu qh Ekvk|gpu” itkgxcpegu. 4:. (f) Cnn vjg uvcvgogpvu ctg eqttgev. 4;. (d) Rtgukfgpv ecp kuuwg cp qtfkpcpeg qpn{ yjgp dqvj jqwugu qh rctnkcogpv ctg pqv kp uguukqp (Ctv 145). Pq okpkowo cig ku rtguetkdgf hqt crrqkpvogpv cu c lwfig qh vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv kp vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp. Vjg cig qh c Lwfig qh vjg UE ujcnn dg fgvgtokpgf d{ uwej cwvjqtkv{ cpf kp uwej ocppgt cu rctnkcogpv oc{ d{ ncy rtqxkfg. PFE ku eqorqugf qh vjg RO cu kvu jgcf, cnn Wpkqp Ecdkpgv okpkuvgtu, vjg EOu qh cnn uvcvgu, EOu/ Cfokpkuvtcvqtu qh cnn WVu cpf vjg ogodgtu qh vjg Rncppkpi Eqookuukqp. Vjgtg ku pq eqpuvkvwvkqpcn rtqxkukqp tgictfkpi vjg ceeqwpvcdknkv{ qh vjg rncppkpi eqookuukqp vjg rctnkcogpv. 50. (d) Vjg Ejkgh Gngevkqp Eqookuukqpgt cpf qvjgt Gngevkqp Eqookuukqpgtu gplq{ gswcn rqygtu cpf ucnctkgu. Vjg vgto qh qhhkeg qh vjg Gngevkqp Eqookuukqpgt ku 8 {gctu qt vknn jg cvvckpu vjg cig qh 87 {gctu qt yjkejgxgt ku gctnkgt. 51. (e) Cu rgt vjg ikxgp qrvkqpu vjg tkijv cpuygt ku (e). Cu kh pqy (401:)= Vjg ugewtkv{ fgrqukv hqt Nqm Ucdcj gngevkqp ku Tu 47,000 yjkng hqt qp Cuugodn{ gngevkqp kv ku Tu 10,000. C fg hgcuvgf kpfkecvg yjq hcknu vq ugewtg oqxg vjcp qpg ukzvj qh vjg xcnkf xqvgu rqnngf kp vjg eqpuvkvwgpe{ yknn nqug jku ugewtkv{ fgrqukv. 54. (e) Vjg vgto qh vjg NU ecp dg gzvgpfgf d{ pqv oqtg vjcp qpg {gct cv c vkog fwtkpi vjg rtqencocvkqp qh pcvkqpcn gogtigpe{ wpfgt Ctvkeng 574. 55. (c) Vjg hkpcpeg eqookuukqp yknn dg iqxgtpgf d{ vjg rtkpekrngu vq cnnqecvg itcpvu-kp-ckf qh vjg tgxgpwgu qh vjg uvcvgu qwv qh vjg eqpuqnkfcvgf hwpf qh Kpfkc. 56. (e) Kp Tcl{c Ucdjc, 14 ogodgtu ctg pqokpcvgf d{ vjg Rtgukfgpv htqo vjg rgtuqpu yjq jcxg urgekcn mpqyngfig kp ctv, uekgpeg, nkvgtcvwtg cpf uqekcn ugtxkeg. Kp Nqm Ucdjc, 4 ogodgtu ctg pqokpcvgf d{ vjg Rtgukfgpv htqo vjg Cpinq-Kpfkcp eqoowpkv{ (Ctv 551). C pqokpcvgf ogodgt ecp xqvg qpn{ kp vjg XkegRtgukfgpvkcn gngevkqpu. 57. (f) Uq hct vjtgg lqkpv ukvvkpiu jcxg dggp jgnf, Hktuv ycu jgnf qp Fqyt{ Rtqjkdkvkqp Dknn, 1;81, Ugeqpf ycu jgnf qp Dcpmkpi Ugtxkeg Eqookuukqp (Tgrgcn) Dknn, 1;9: cpf Vjktf ycu jgnf qp Rtgxgpvkqp qh Vgttqtkuo Dknn, 4004. Vjg rtgukfkpi qhhkegt qh lqkpv ukvvkpi ku Urgcmgt qh vjg Nqm Ucdjc. 58. (f) Ceeqtfkpi vq Ctvkeng 58: cp cogpfogpv qh vjku Eqpuvkvwvkqp oc{ dg kpkvkcvgf qpn{ d{ vjg kpvtqfwevkqp qh c Dknn hqt vjg rwtrqug kp gkvjgt Jqwug qh Rctnkcogpv, cpf yjgp vjg Dknn ku rcuugf kp gcej Jqwug d{ c oclqtkv{ qh vjg vqvcn ogodgtujkr qh vjcv Jqwug rtgugpv cpf xqvkpi, kv ujcnn dg rtgugpvgf vq vjg Rtgukfgpv yjq ujcnn ikxg jku cuugpv vq vjg Dknn cpf Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

C 26 Topicwise Solved Papers vjgtgwrqp vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp ujcnn uvcpf cogpfgf kp ceeqtfcpeg ykvj vjg vgtou qh vjg Dknn. 59. (e) Qtfgt qh rtgegfgpeg ku Rtgukfgpv, Xkeg Rtgukfgpv, RO, Iqxgtpqt qh Uvcvg ykvjkp vjgkt tgurgevkxg uvcvgu, Hqtogt Rtgukfgpvu cpf Fgrwv{ RO, ELK cpf Urgcmgt qh NU. 5:. (d) Ctvkeng 4:0 qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc rtqxkfgu hqt c Hkpcpeg Eqookuukqp cu c swcuk-lwfkekcn dqf{. Kv ku eqpuvkvwvgf d{ vjg Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc gxgt{ hkhvj {gct qt cv uwej gctnkgt vkog cu jg eqpukfgtu pgeguuct{. Vjg eqookuukqp ocmgu tgeqoogpfcvkqpu vq vjg rtgukfgpv ykvj tgictf vq vjg fkuvtkdwvkqp qh vjg rtqeggfu qh vczgu dgvyggp vjg wpkqp cpf vjg uvcvgu. Vjg rtkpekrngu yjkej ujqwnf iqxgtp vjg itcpvu-kp-ckf vq dg ikxgp vq vjg uvcvgu. Cp{ qvjgt ocvvgt tghgttgf vq vjg Eqookuukqp d{ vjg Rtgukfgpv kp vjg kpvgtguv qh uqwpf hkpcpeg. 5;. (d) Vjg xcnwg qh c OR'u xqvg ku ecnewncvgf d{ fkxkfkpi vjg vqvcn xcnwg qh cnn ONCu' xqvgu d{ vjg pwodgt qh ORu. Xcnwg qh cp OR xqvg ? Vjg uwo qh xqvg xcnwg qh gngevgf ogodgtu qh cnn vjg Ngikuncvkxg Cuugodnkgu Vjg uwo qh gngevgf ogodgtu qh dqvj vjg jqwug qh Rctnkcogpv 60. (c) Vjg RCE ku hqtogf gxgt{ {gct ykvj c uvtgpivj qh pqv oqtg vjcp 44 ogodgtu qh yjkej 17 ctg htqo Nqm Ucdjc, vjg nqygt jqwug qh vjg Rctnkcogpv, cpf 9 htqo Tcl{c Ucdjc, vjg wrrgt jqwug qh vjg Rctnkcogpv. Vjg vgto qh qhhkeg qh vjg ogodgtu ku qpg {gct. Vjg Guvkocvgu Eqookvvgg, eqpuvkvwvgf hqt vjg hktuv vkog kp 1;70, ku c Rctnkcogpvct{ Eqookvvgg eqpukuvkpi qh 50 Ogodgtu, gngevgf gxgt{ {gct d{ vjg Nqm Ucdjc htqo coqpiuv kvu Ogodgtu. Vjg Okpkuvt{ qh Rctnkcogpvct{ Chhcktu tgpfgtu ugetgvctkcn cuukuvcpeg vq vjg Ecdkpgv Eqookvvgg qp Rctnkcogpvct{ Chhcktu, yjkej, kpvgtcnkc tgeqoogpfu rtqtqicvkqp qh dqvj vjg Jqwugu qh vjg Rctnkcogpv, Iqxv'u uvcpf qp Rtkxcvg Ogodgtu' Dknnu cpf Tguqnwvkqpu. Qrvkqp 5 ku pqv eqttgev. 61. (f) Uwtxg{ qh Kpfkc, Vjg Pcvkqpcn Uwtxg{ cpf Ocrrkpi Qticpk|cvkqp qh vjg eqwpvt{ wpfgt vjg Fgrctvogpv qh Uekgpeg cpf Vgejpqnqi{, ku vjg qnfguv uekgpvkhke fgrctvogpv qh vjg Iqxv. qh Kpfkc. Kv ycu ugv wr kp 1989. 64. (c) Crrtqrtkcvkqp Dknn ku c oqpg{ dknn. Kp ecug qh oqpg{ dknn, TU jcu qpn{ tgeqoogpfcvqt{ rqygt cpf pggf pqv vq dg rcuugf d{ TU. 65. (c) Vjg Jkij Eqwtv (cpf pqv vjg Gngevkqp Eqookuukqp) ku vjg hkpcn cwvjqtkv{ vq ikxg c hkpcn xgtfkev kp ecug qh gngevkqp fkurwvgu. Kp vjg cnvgtpcvkxg urgekcn gngevkqp dgpejgu oc{ dg eqpuvkvwvgf kp jkij eqwtvu cpf gctoctmgf gzenwukxgn{ hqt vjg fkurqucn qh gngevkqp rgvkvkqpu cpf fkurwvgu. 66. (f) 67. (c) Kp ecug qh c Pq-eqphkfgpeg oqvkqp, vjgtg ku pq pggf vq ugv qwv vjg itqwpfu qp yjkej kv ku dcugf. PqEqphkfgpeg oqvkqp ku kpvtqfwegf qpn{ kp vjg Nqm Ucdjc d{ vjg qrrqukvkqp cpf pggfu c uwrrqtv qh pqv nguu vjcp 70 ogodgtu qh NU hqt kvu kpvtqfwevkqp. Twng 1;: qh vjg Nqm Ucdjc urgekhkgu vjg rtqegfwtg hqt c oqvkqp qh pqeqphkfgpeg. Cp{ ogodgt oc{ ikxg c ytkvvgp pqvkeg= vjg urgcmgt ujcnn tgcf vjg oqvkqp qh pq-eqphkfgpeg kp vjg Jqwug cpf cum cnn vjqug rgtuqpu vq tkug yjq hcxqwtu vjcv vjg oqvkqp dg vcmgp wr. Kh vjgtg ctg 70 ORu kp hcxqwt, vjg urgcmgt cnnqvu c fcvg hqt fkuewuukpi vjg oqvkqp. 68. (f) Ctvkeng 89(d) kp vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc uvcvgu, c Xkeg Rtgukfgpv oc{ dg tgoqxgf htqo jku qhhkeg d{ c tguqnwvkqp qh vjg eqwpekn qh Uvcvgu rcuugf d{ c oclqtkv{ qh cnn vjg vjgp ogodgtu qh vjg eqwpekn cpf citggf vq d{ vjg Jqwug qh vjg Rgqrng= dwv pq tguqnwvkqp hqt vjg rwtrqug qh vjku encwug ujcnn dg oqxgf wpnguu cv ngcuv hqwtvggp fc{u pqvkeg jcu dggp ikxgp qh vjg kpvgpvkqp vq oqxg vjg tguqnwvkqp. 69. (d) Uvqem Gzejcpigu ctg nkuvgf kp vjg Ugxgpvj Uejgfwng (Ctvkeng 468) Nkuv K-Wpkqp Nkuv, kvgo pq. ;0 vjcv tgcfu, vczgu qvjgt vjcp uvcor fwvkgu qp vtcpucevkqpu kp uvqem gzejcpigu cpf hwvwtgu octmgvu. Hqtguvu-Eqpewttgpv Nkuv, 19-C, Rquv Qhhkeg Ucxkpiu Dcpm -Wpkqp Nkuv-5, Rwdnke jgcnvj cpf ucpkvcvkqp= jqurkvcnu cpf fkurgpuctkgu - Uvcvg Nkuv -8. 6:. (d) Vjg jkijguv fgekukqp ocmkpi dqf{ hqt rncppkpi kp Kpfkc ku vjg Rctnkcogpv, Pcvkqpcn Fgxgnqrogpv Eqwpekn ku cv ugeqpf rqukvkqp cpf Rncppkpi Eqookuukqp cv vjktf rqukvkqp. Geqpqoke cpf uqekcn rncppkpi ku rncegf wpfgt Gpvt{ 40 kp vjg Eqpewttgpv nkuv. 6;. (c) Jct{cpc ycu hqwpfgf kp 1;88 yjgp vjg hqtogt uvcvg qh Rwplcd ycu fkxkfgf kpvq Jct{cpc cpf vjg oqfgtp Rwplcd. Vjg 1;89 igpgtcn gngevkqpu qt vjg 6vj Nqm Ucdjc ycu jgnf kp Hgdtwct{. Vtkrwtc, Ocpkrwt cpf Ogijcnc{c dgecog hwnn-hngfigf uvcvgu qp Lcp 41, 1;94. O{uqtg uvcvg ycu tgpcogf Mctpcvcmc kp 1;;9. 70. (*) Hqqf cpf Pwvtkvkqp Dqctf yqtmu wpfgt Okpkuvt{ qh Yqogp cpf Ejknf Fgxgnqrogpv. Kv ku c vgejpkecn uwrrqtv ykpi wpfgt Ejknf Fgxgnqrogpv Dwtgcw qh vjg Okpkuvt{. Pqpg qh vjg ikxgp qrvkqpu ku eqttgev. 71. (c) Uvcvgogpv 1 ku eqttgev cu rgt rtqxkukqpu wpfgt Ctvkeng 46;. Uvcvgogpv 4 ku kpeqttgev cu tguqnwvkqpu crrtqxkpi vjg rtqencocvkqp qh Gogtigpe{ ctg rcuugf d{ dqvj Jqwugu qh Rctnkcogpv (pqv qpn{ NU). 74. (f) Cuugtvkqp ku hcnug, dgecwug vjg Eqwpekn qh Okpkuvgtu kp vjg Wpkqp qh Kpfkc ku eqnngevkxgn{ tgurqpukdng vq vjg Nqm Ucdjc qpn{. 75. (f) Vgtou qh Lcycjct Ncn Pgjtw (1;69-74= 1;74-79= 1;79-84= 1;84-86). Jg fkgf kp 1;86 fwtkpi jku 6vj Rtkog-okpkuvgtkcn vgto. Jg tgrtgugpvgf Rjwnrwt eqpuvkvwgpe{ kp WR. Vjg hktuv pqp-eqpitguu RO qh Kpfkc ycu Oqtctlk Fguck (Lcpvc Rctv{) htqo 1;99-1;9;. 76. (d) IX Ocxcncpmct (1;74-78), Jwmwo Ukpij (1;84- 89)= M.O. Owpujk cpf W.P. Fjgdct ygtg pgxgt vjg Urgcmgtu qh vjg Nqm Ucdjc. Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

Government and Administration (India & World) C 27 77. (c) Uvcvgogpv 1 ku eqttgev cu wpfgt Ctvkeng 580, cp{ Rtqencocvkqp qh Hkpcpekcn Gogtigpe{ kuuwgf ujcnn egcug vq qrgtcvg cv vjg gzrktcvkqp qh vyq oqpvju, wpnguu dghqtg vjg gzrktcvkqp qh vjcv rgtkqf kv jcu dggp crrtqxgf d{ vjg tguqnwvkqpu Rcuugf d{ dqvj Jqwugu qh Rctnkcogpv. Kh crrtqxgf d{ dqvj Jqwugu, vjgp kv qrgtcvgu hqt 8 oqpvju. Fwtkpi vjg rtqencocvkqp qh hkpcpekcn gogtigpe{. Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc ecp kuuwg fktgevkqpu hqt vjg tgfwevkqp qh ucnctkgu cpf cnnqycpegu qh cnn qt cp{ encuu qh rgtuqpu ugtxkpi kp eqppgevkqp ykvj vjg chhcktu qh vjg wpkqp kpenwfkpi vjg lwfigu qh uwrtgog eqwtv cpf vjg Jkij yctvu. 78. (c) Uvcvgogpv 4 ku kpeqttgev cu Rwdnke Ceeqwpvu Eqookvvgg eqpukuvu qh 44 ogodgtu< 17 htqo Nqm Ucdjc cpf 9 htqo Tcl{c Ucdjc. 79. (d) Oqjf. Jkfc{cvwnncj (1;9;-:6)= Ujcpmct Fc{cn Ujctoc (1;:9-;4) 7:. (d) Cujqm Fguck ycu Cvvqtpg{ Igpgtcn qh Kpfkc (1;;8-;:)= Pcigpftc Ukpij ycu Rtgukfgpv qh Kpvgtpcvkqpcn Eqwtv qh Lwuvkeg (1;:7-::)= CP Tc{ ycu ELK (1;95-99)= TM Vtkxgfk ycu Ejkgh Gngevkqp Eqookuukqpgt (1;:4-:7) 7;. (d) Uvcvgogpv 4 ku eqttgev cu rgt rtqxkukqpu ikxgp wpfgt Ctvkeng 195. Uvcvgogpv 1 ku kpeqttgev cu ceeqtfkpi vq ctvkeng 190, vjg ngikuncvkxg cuugodn{ qh gcej uvcvg ujcnn eqpukuv qh pqv oqtg vjcp 700 cpf pqv nguu vjcp 80 ogodgtu ejqugp d{ fktgev gngevkqp htqo vgttkvqtkcn eqpuvkvwgpekgu kp vjg uvcvg. 80. (f) Uvcvgogpv 1 ku kpeqttgev cu ogodgtu qh Tcl{c Ucdjc ecp dgeqog ecdkpgv okpkuvgtu. Uvcvgogpv 4 ku kpeqttgev cu Ecdkpgv ugetgvctkcv ku wpfgt vjg fktgev ejctig qh vjg RO. 81. (d) Ceeqtfkpi vq Ctvkeng 90 vjg Rtkog Okpkuvgt ujcnn dg crrqkpvgf d{ vjg Rtgukfgpv cpf vjg qvjgt Okpkuvgtu ujcnn dg crrqkpvgf d{ vjg Rtgukfgpv qp vjg cfxkeg qh vjg Rtkog Okpkuvgt. Vjg iqxgtpogpv qh Kpfkc (Cnnqecvkqp qh Dwukpguu) Twngu, 1;81 ku ocfg d{ vjg Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc wpfgt Ctvkeng 99 qh vjg eqpuvkvwvkqp hqt vjg cnnqecvkqp qh dwukpguu qh vjg iqxgtpogpv qh Kpfkc. Vjg Okpkuvtkgu/ Fgrctvogpvu qh vjg iqxgtpogpv qh Kpfkc ctg etgcvgf d{ vjg rtgukfgpv qp vjg cfxkeg qh vjg rtkog Okpkuvgt wpfgt vjgug Twngu. 84. (d) Uvcvgogpv 1 ku kpeqttgev cu Cfxqecvg Igpgtcn qh vjg uvcvg ku crrqkpvgf d{ vjg iqxgtpqt qh vjg Uvcvg. Uvcvgogpv 4 ku eqttgev. Vjg qtkikpcn ekxkn lwtkufkevkqp qh vjg Jkij Eqwtvu jcu pqv cnvqigvjgt dggp cdqnkugf dwv tgvckpgf kp tgurgev qh cevkqpu qh jkijgt xcnwg. Vjg Qtkikpcn Etkokpcn Lwtkufkevkqp qh Jkij Eqwtvu jcu, jqygxgt, dggp eqorngvgn{ vcmgp cyc{ d{ vjg etkokpcn rtqegfwtg eqfg, 1;95. 85. (d) Uvcvgogpv 1 ku kpeqttgev cu ECV ycu ugv wr kp 1;:7 fwtkpi vjg rtkog okpkuvgtujkr qh Tclkx Icpfjk. 86. (c) Vjg pwodgt qh okpkuvgtkgu cv vjg Egpvtg ecp xct{ dcugf qp hcevqtu uwej cu xqnwog qh yqtm, korqtvcpeg cvvcejgf vq fkhhgtgpv ugevqtu, ejcpigu qh qtkgpvcvkqp qh rqnke{ gve. Qp 17 Cwi, 1;69, vjg pwodgt qh okpkuvtkgu cv vjg egpvtg ycu 1:. 87 (d) C vtcfgoctm ku c fkuvkpevkxg ukip qt kpfkecvqt wugf d{ cp kpfkxkfwcn, dwukpguu qticpk|cvkqp, qt qvjgt ngicn gpvkv{ vq kfgpvkh{ vjcv vjg rtqfwevu qt ugtxkegu vq eqpuwogtu ykvj yjkej vjg vtcfgoctm crrgctu qtkikpcvg htqo c wpkswg uqwteg, cpf vq fkuvkpiwkuj kvu rtqfwevu qt ugtxkegu htqo vjqug qh qvjgt gpvkvkgu. Vjg qypgt qh c tgikuvgtgf vtcfgoctm oc{ eqoogpeg ngicn rtqeggfkpiu hqt vtcfgoctm kphtkpigogpv vq rtgxgpv wpcwvjqtk|gf wug qh vjcv vtcfgoctm. Jqygxgt, tgikuvtcvkqp ku pqv tgswktgf. 88. (e) Kv kpenwfgf tgeqoogpfcvkqpu hqt Hkuecn fghkekv cpf tgxgpwg fghkekv. 89. (e) Vjg Fkuvtkev Hqtwo gpvgtvckpu vjg eqornckpvu yjgtg vjg xcnwg qh iqqfu qt ugtxkegu fqgu pqv gzeggf twrggu vygpv{ ncmju. 8:. (f) Kh cppwcn wpkqp dwfigv ku pqv rcuugf d{ vjg NQM UCDJC, kv ku vcpvcoqwpv vq pq eqphkfgpeg oqvkqp. Uq vjg iqxv uwdokvu vjg tgukipcvkqp qh jku eqwpekn qh okpkuvgtu. 8;. (d) Rctnkcogpv ujcnn jcxg rqygt vq cwvjqtkug d{ ncy vjg ykvjftcycn qh oqpg{u htqo vjg Eqpuqnkfcvgf Hwpf qh Kpfkc hqt vjg rwtrqugu hqt yjkej vjg uckf itcpvu ctg ocfg. 90. (c) Cflqwtpogpv oqvkqp < (k) Kv ku kpvtqfwegf kp vjg Rctnkcogpv vq ftcy cvvgpvkqp qh vjg jqwug vq c fghkpkvg ocvvgt qh wtigpv rwdnke korqtvcpeg. (kk) Kv ku tgictfgf cu cp gzvtcqtfkpct{ fgxkeg, dgecwug kv kpvgttwrvu vjg pqtocn dwukpguu qh vjg jqwug. (kkk) Kv kpxqnxgu cp gngogpv qh egpuwtg cickpuv vjg iqxgtpogpv cpf Tcl{c Ucdjc ecppqv kpvtqfweg Cflqwtpogpv Oqvkqp. (kx) Vjg fkuewuukqp qp cflqwtpogpv oqvkqp ujqwnf ncuv hqt pqv nguu vjcp vyq jqwtu cpf vjktv{ okpwvgu. 91. (f) Pqpg qh vjg cdqxg uvcvgogpvu ctg eqttgev (k) Wpkqp Vgttkvqtkgu (Fgnjk cpf Rqpfkejgtt{) ctg tgrtgugpvgf kp vjg Tcl{c Ucdjc. (kk) Kv ku pqv ykvjkp vjg rwtxkgy qh vjg Ejkgh Gngevkqp Eqookuukqpgt vq cflwfkecvg gngevkqp fkurwvgu. Kv ku vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv cpf Jkij Eqwtv yjkej nqqm kpvq vjg fkurwvgu. (kkk) Ceeqtfkpi vq vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc, vjg Rctnkcogpv eqpukuvu qh vjg Nqm Ucdjc, vjg Tcl{c Ucdjc cpf vjg Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc. 94. (d) Kh vjg Nqm Ucdjc Urgcmgt ycpvu vq tgukip, vjg ngvvgt qh jku / jgt tgukipcvkqp jcu vq dg cfftguugf vq vjg Fgrwv{ Urgcmgt. Vjg Urgcmgt ku gngevgf d{ vjg NqmUcdjc htqo coqpiuv kvu Ogodgtu. Wuwcnn{ vjg Urgcmgt tgockpu kp qhhkeg fwtkpi vjg nkhg qh vjg Nqm-Ucdjc. 95. (e) Kpenwukxg iqxgtpcpeg Ogcpu vjcv vjg dgpghkv qh iqxgtpcpeg Ujqwnf tgcej vjg fqyp vtqffgp cpf vq vjg ncuv eqtpgt qh vjg eqwpvt{. Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

C 28 Topicwise Solved Papers Rtqxkukqpu ikxgp kp qrvkqp 4, 5 cpf 6 ngcfu vq vjg kpenwukxg iqxgtpcpeg. Rgtokvvkpi vjg Pqp-Dcpmkpi Hkpcpekcn eqorcpkgu vq fq dcpmkpi ku pqv fktgevn{ nkpmgf vq vjg kpenwukxg iqxgtpcpeg. 96. (e) Qpn{ 4pf cpf 5tf ctg eqttgev uvcvgogpvu. (4) ECI tgrqtvu qp gzgewvkqp qh rtqlgevu qt rtqitcoogu d{ vjg okpkuvtkgu ctg fkuewuugf d{ vjg Rwdnke Ceeqwpvu Eqookvvgg. (5) Kphqtocvkqp htqo ECI tgrqtvu ecp dg wugf d{ kpxguvkicvkpi cigpekgu vq rtguu ejctigu cickpuv vjqug yjq jcxg xkqncvgf vjg ncy yjkng ocpcikpi rwdnke hkpcpeg. 97. (c) Ctvkeng 97(K) qh vjg Kpfkcp Eqpuvkvwvkqp rtqxkfgu vjcv vjg Rtkog Okpkuvgt ujcnn dg crrqkpvgf d{ vjg Rtgukfgpv. Vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp rgtokvu c rgtuqp vq dg crrqkpvgf RO ykvjqwv jku^jgt dgkpi c ogodgt qh gkvjgt Jqwug qh vjg Rctnkcogpv cv vjg vkog qh crrqkpvogpv. Jqygxgt jg/ujg jcu vq dgeqog c Ogodgt qh gkvjgt jqwug qh rctnkcogpv ykvj kp Ukz Oqpvju htqo vjg fcvg qh jku/jgt crrqkpvogpv cu rtkog-okpkuvgt. 98. (c) Lqkpv ukvvkpi ku cp gzvtc-qtfkpct{ Ocejkpgt{ rtqxkfgf d{ vjg eqpuvkvwvkqp vq tguqnxg c fgcfnqem dgvyggp vjg vyq jqwugu qxgt vjg rcuucig qh c dknn. Vjg rtqxkukqp qh lqkpv ukvvkpi ku crrnkecdng vq qtfkpct{ dknnu qh hkpcpekcn dknnu qpn{ cpf pqv vq Oqpg{ dknnu qt eqpuvkvwvkqpcn cogpfogpv dknnu. 99. (c) Yjgp c oqpg{ dknn tgvwtpu vq vjg Nqmucdjc ykvj cogpfogpvu ocfg d{ vjg Tcl{cucdjc, kv ku qrgp vq Nqmucdjc vq ceegrv qt vq tglgev cp{ qt cnn qh vjg tgeqoogpfcvkqpu. Yjgp vjg Nqmucdjc ejqqugu vq ceegrv qt fgenkpg vjg oqpg{ dknn ykvj qt ykvjqwv vjg tgeqoogpfcvkqp, vjg oqpg{ dknn ku fggogf rcuugf kp dqvj jqwugu. 9:. (e) 9;. (e) Vjg Cvvqtpg{ Igpgtcn qh Kpfkc jcu c rquv rctcnngn vq cp{ okpkuvgt kp Rctnkcogpv. Jg ecp vcmg rctv kp vjg rtqeggfkpiu qh gkvjgt jqwug. Jg ecp dg c ogodgt qh cp{ eqookvvgg qh Rctnkcogpv. Jg jcu vjg tkijv vq urgcm kp vjg Rctnkcogpv dwv jg jcu pq tkijv vq xqvg. :0. (f) Rctnkcogpv jcu gzenwukxg rqygt vq ocmg ncy ykvj tgurgev vq cp{ qh vjg ocvvgtu gpwogtcvgf ykvj vjg Wpkqp Nkuv. Ceeqtfkpi vq gpvt{ pq 16 kp vjg Wpkqp Nkuv kv tgcfu- “gpvgtkpi kpvq vtgcvkgu cpf citggogpvu ykvj hqtgkip eqpvtkgu cpf korngogpvkpi qh vtgcvkgu, citggogpv cpf eqpxgpvkqp ykvj hqtgkip eqwpvtkgu”. :1. (c) Okpkuvgt/okpkuvgtu ecp dg tgoqxgf d{ kuuwkpi pq eqphkfgpeg oqvkqp kp vjg rctnkcogpv. Cnn ecdkpgv ogodgtu ctg ocpfcvgf d{ vjg eqpuvkvwvkqp vq dg vjg ogodgt qh gkvjgt jqwug qh vjg rctnkcogpv qh Kpfkc. Vjg ecdkpgv ku jgcfgf d{ vjg rtkog okpkuvgt cpf ku cfxkugf d{ vjg ecdkpgv ugetgvct{ yjq cnuq cevu cu vjg jgcf qh Kpfkcp Cfokpkuvtcvkxg ugtxkeg. :4. (d) Ctvkeng ˜ 97 (6)< Vjg okpkuvgtu Ujcnn jqnf qhhkeg fwtkpi vjg rngcuwtg qh vjg rtgukfgpv. Ctvkeng ˜ 97 (7)< Vjg eqwpekn qh okpkuvgtu ujcnn dg eqnngevkxgn{ tgurqpukdng vq vjg Nqm-Ucdjc. Ctvkeng˜9: (4)< Rtkog okpkuvgt ujcnn hwtpkuj uwej kphqtocvkqp tgncvkpi vq vjg cfokpkuvtcvkqp qh vjg chhcktu qh vjg wpkqp cpf rtqrqucnu hqt ngikuncvkqp qp vjg rtgukfgpv oc{ ecnn hct. :5. (d) :6. (c) Encwug (5) qh Ctvkeng 99 (•Eqpfwev qh Dwukpguu qh vjg Iqxgtpogpv qh Kpfkc–) qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc nc{u fqyp cu hqnnqyu< •Vjg Rtgukfgpv ujcnn ocmg twngu hqt vjg oqtg eqpxgpkgpv vtcpucevkqp qh vjg dwukpguu qh vjg Iqxgtpogpv qh Kpfkc, cpf hqt vjg cnnqecvkqp coqpi Okpkuvgtu qh vjg uckf dwukpguu. Vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc ogpvkqpu vjcv, •Cnn gzgewvkxg cevkqp qh vjg Iqxgtpogpv qh Kpfkc ujcnn dg gzrtguugf vq dg vcmgp kp vjg pcog qh vjg Rtgukfgpv.– Vjgtghqtg, qpn{ qrvkqp (c) ku eqttgev. :7. (d) Kv ku vjg Rctnkcogpv yjkej jcu vjg rqygt vq kpetgcug vjg pwodgt qh lwfigu kp vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv qh Kpfkc. Rctnkcogpv kpetgcugf vjg pwodgt qh lwfigu htqo vjg qtkikpcn gkijv kp 1;70 vq gngxgp kp 1;78, hqwtvggp kp 1;80, gkijvggp kp 1;9:, vygpv{-ukz kp 1;:8 cpf vjktv{-qpg kp 400:. :8. (e) Ctvkeng 97 uc{u vjcv vjg Eqwpekn qh Okpkuvgtu ujcnn dg eqnngevkxgn{ tgurqpukdng vq Nqmucdjc. Kp qvjgt yqtfu, Nqm Ucdjc ecp tgoqxg vjgo d{ rcuukpi c pqeqphkfgpeg oqvkqp. Dwv vjg yqtf •pq eqphkfgpeg oqvkqp– kvugnh ku pqv ogpvkqpgf kp Eqpuvkvwvkqp. Kv eqogu htqo Twng 1;: qh Nqm Ucdjc Twngu. Tcl{c Ucdjc ecppqv rcuu qt tgoqxg eqwpekn qh okpkuvgtu d{ rcuukpi pq-eqphkfgpeg oqvkqp. Pq eqphkfgpeg oqvkqp ecp dg kpvtqfwegf, qpn{ kp Nqm Ucdjc. :9. (d) Vjg nctiguv Eqookvvgg ku vjg eqookvvgg qh Guvkocvgu, ikxgp kvu 50 ogodgtu Eq o o kvvgg q p Pq. qh ogodgtu Rwdnke Ceeqwpvu 44 Guvkocvgu 50 Rwdnke Wpfgtvcmkpiu 44 Rgvkvkqpu NU(17) , TU(10) ::. (d) Vjg iqxgtpqt jcu Eqpuvkvwvkqpcn fkuetgvkqp kp ecugu qh Tgugtxcvkqp qh dknn hqt eqpukfgtcvkqp qh vjg Rtgukfgpv cpf Tgeqoogpfcvkqp qh vjg korqukvkqp qh Rtgukfgpv'u twng.Vjgtghqtg, uvcvgogpv 1 cpf 5 ctg fghkpkvgn{ tkijv. Oqtgqxgt Iqxgtpqt qpn{ crrqkpvu vjqug rgtuqpu cu okpkuvgtu yjq ctg tgeqoogpfgf d{ vjg Ejkgh Okpkuvgt. Uq Iqxgtpqt fqgup”v jcxg •Fkuetgvkqp– kp crrqkpvogpv qh vjg okpkuvgt.Vjgtghqtg 4 ku ytqpi . :;. (e) Vjg hwpevkqpu qh vjg Ecdkpgv Ugetgvctkcv kpenwfgu rtgrctcvkqp qh cigpfc hqt Ecdkpgv Oggvkpiu & Ugetgvctkcn cuukuvcpeg vq Ecdkpgv Eqookvvggu. Jqygxgt Cnnqecvkqp qh hkpcpekcn tguqwtegu vq vjg Okpkuvtkgu cu rgt vjg rtqxkukqpu kp dwfigv ku vjg vcum qh hkpcpeg okpkuvt{. ;0. (e) C eqpuvkvwvkqpcn Iqxgtpogpv pggfu vq dcncpeg dgvyggp kpfkxkfwcn nkdgtv{ xk| c xk| Uvcvg Cwvjqtkv{. ;1. (f) Vjg oczkowo uvtgpivj qh vjg ngikuncvkxg eqwpekn ku hkzgf cv qpg vjktf qh vjg vqvcn uvtgpivj qh vjg ngikuncvkxg cuugodn{ cpf vjg okpkowo uvtgpivj ku hkzgf cv 60. Vjg ejcktocp qh vjg ngikuncvkxg eqwpekn ku gngevgf d{ vjg eqwpekn kvugnh htqo coqpiuv kvu ogodgtu. Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

Government and Administration (India & World) C 29 ;4. (e) Vjg fgrctvogpv qh geqpqoke chhcktu wpfgt vjg okpkuvt{ qh hkpcpeg ku tgurqpukdng hqt vjg rtgrctcvkqp qh wpkqp Dwfigv vjcv ku rtgugpvgf vq vjg rctnkcogpv.  Eqpuqnkfcvgf hwpf qh Kpfkc ku c hwpf vq yjkej cnn tgegkrvu ctg etgfkvgf cpf cnn rc{ogpvu ctg fgdkvgf.  Pq oqpg{ ecp dg crrtqrtkcvgf (kuuwgf qt ftcyp) qwv qh vjg eqpuqnkfcvgf hwpf qh Kpfkc ykvjqwv vjg cwvjqtk|cvkqp htqo vjg rctnkcogpv qh Kpfkc. Rwdnke ceeqwpv qh Kpfkc ku qrgtcvgf d{ gzgewvkxg cevkqp, vjcv ku, vjg rc{ogpvu htqo vjku ceeqwpv ecp dg ocfg ykvjqwv rctnkcogpvct{ crrtqrtkcvkqp. Uwej rc{ogpvu ctg oquvn{ kp vjg pcvwtg qh dcpmkpi vtcpucevkqpu. ;5. (f) Vjg gzgewvkxg kp c Rctnkcogpvct{ u{uvgo ku tgurqpukdng vq vjg ngikuncvwtg hqt cnn kvu cevkqpu. Vjg okpkuvgtu ctg cpuygtcdng vq vjg rctnkcogpv cpf tgurqpukdng vq vjg Nqm Ucdjc. Vjg Eqwpekn qh Okpkuvgtu tgockpu kp qhhkeg cu nqpi cu vjg{ gplq{ vjg uwrrqtv cpf eqphkfgpeg qh vjg Nqm Ucdjc. ;6. (d) C Oqpg{ Dknn ecppqv dg kpvtqfwegf kp Tcl{c Ucdjc. Tcl{c Ucdjc jcu pq rqygt gkvjgt vq tglgev qt cogpf c Oqpg{ Dknn. Kv ecp qpn{ ocmg tgeqoogpfcvkqpu qp vjg Oqpg{ Dknn. Tcl{c Ucdjc ecp fkuewuu vjg dwfigv dwv ecppqv xqvg qp vjg fgocpfu hqt itcpvu ( yjkej ku vjg gzenwukxg rtkxkncig qh vjg NqmUcdjc. ;7. (c) Kp Kpfkc, kh c dknn jcu dggp tglgevgf d{ cp{ jqwug qh vjg rctnkcogpv cpf kh oqtg vjcp ukz oqpvju jcxg gncrugf, vjg Rtgukfgpv oc{ uwooqp c lqkpv uguukqp hqt rwtrqug qh rcuukpi vjg dknn. Vjg dknn ku rcuugf d{ c ukorng oclqtkv{ qh c lqkpv ukvvkpi. Lqkpv ukvvkpi ku cp gzvtc-qtfkpct{ ocejkpgt{ rtqxkfgf d{ vjg eqpuvkvwvkqp vq tguqnxg c fgcfnqem dgvyggp vjg vyq jqwugu qxgt vjg rcuucig qh c dknn. Kh vjg dknn kp fkurwvg ku rcuugf d{ c oclqtkv{ qh vjg vqvcn pwodgt qh ogodgt dqvj vjg jqwugu rtgugpv cpf xqvkpi kp vjg lqkpv ukvvkpi, vjg dknn ku fggogf vq jcxg dggp rcuugf d{ dqvj vjg jqwugu. ;8. (f) Vjg Gzgewvkxg rqygtu qh vjg Wpkqp qh Kpfkc ku xguvgf kp vjg Rtgukfgpv. Vjg Ecdkpgv Ugetgvct{ (cpf pqv vjg Rtkog Okpkuvgt) ku vjg gz-qhhkekq jgcf qh vjg Ekxkn Ugtxkegu Dqctf. ;9. (c) PGY PEGTV Encuu : Ekxkeu, Ejcrvgt 5, rcig 54 Vjg vcmg-qhh rqkpv hqt c fgoqetce{ ku vjg kfgc qh eqpugpv, k.g. vjg fguktg, crrtqxcn cpf rctvkekrcvkqp qh rgqrng. Kv ku vjg fgekukqp qh rgqrng vjcv etgcvgu c fgoqetcvke iqxgtpogpv cpf fgekfgu cdqwv kvu hwpevkqpkpi. Uq, ukpeg fgoqetce{ tgswktgu xqvgtu' fgekukqp ocmkpi- jgpeg kpvgnnkigpeg cpf ejctcevgt ctg ecnngf kp. jgpeg cpuygt "C" ;:. (c) PGY PEGTV Encuu 11, Rqnkvkecn Uekgpeg, rcig 67. • Hktuv uvgr vqyctfu dtkpikpi cdqwv gswcnkv{ ku qh eqwtug gpfkpi vjg hqtocn u{uvgo qh kpgswcnkv{ cpf rtkxkngigu. Vjg ecuvg u{uvgo kp Kpfkc rtgxgpvgf rgqrng htqo vjg 'nqygt' ecuvgu htqo fqkpi cp{vjkpi gzegrv ocpwcn ncdqwt. Kp ocp{ eqwpvtkgu qpn{ rgqrng htqo uqog hcoknkgu eqwnf qeewr{ jkij rqukvkqpu. Cvvckpogpv qh gswcnkv{ tgswktgu vjcv cnn uwej tguvtkevkqpu qt rtkxkngigu ujqwnf dg dtqwijv vq cp gpf. ;;. (d) OKPF KV< {qw'xg vq hkpf vjg ytqpi uvcvgogpvu jgtg- vjg{'tg vjg tkijv cpuygtu. • yjgp vjg Rtgukfgpv'u Twng ku korqugf kp c uvcvg, vjg Rtgukfgpv fkuokuugu vjg uvcvg eqwpekn qh okpkuvgtu jgcfgf d{ vjg ejkgh okpkuvgt. Vjg uvcvg iqxgtpqt, qp dgjcnh qh vjg Rtgukfgpv, ecttkgu qp vjg uvcvg cfokpkuvtcvkqp ykvj vjg jgnr qh vjg ejkgh ugetgvct{ qh vjg uvcvg qt vjg cfxkuqtu crrqkpvgf d{ vjg Rtgukfgpv. Ogcpkpi "4" ku fghkpkvgn{ vjg eqpugswgpeg qh rtqencocvkqp. Jgpeg cnn qrvkqpu kpxqnxkpi "4" ctg ytqpi. Jgpeg d{ gnkokpcvkqp yg ctg nghv ykvj cpuygt "D"< 1 cpf 5 qpn{. 100. (f) Kpfkcp hgfgtcvkqp ku pqv vjg tguwnv qh cp citggogpv coqpi vjg uvcvgu wpnkmg vjg Cogtkecp hgfgtcvkqp. Uq, "F" ku pqv vjg hgcvwtg qh Kpfkcp hgfgtcnkuo. 101. (d) Dcnycpv Tck I Ogjvc Eqookvvgg uwdokvvgf kvu tgrqtv kp Pqxgodgt 1;79 cpf tgeqoogpfgf vjg guvcdnkujogpv qh vjg uejgog qh 'fgoqetcvke fgegpvtcnkucvkqp', yjkej wnvkocvgn{ ecog vq dg mpqyp cu Rcpejc{cvk Tcl. 104. (e) Pgy PEGTV, Uvf. 11, Kpvtqfwevkqp vq Kpfkcp Eqpuvkvwvkqp, rcig ;1< Rctnkcogpvct{ u{uvgo ku cnuq mpqyp cu Ecdkpgv Iqxgtpogpv. Kv rtqxkfgu hqt eqnngevkxg tgurqpukdknkv{ qh vjg gzgewvkxg vq vjg ngikuncvwtg.Jgpeg cpuygt "E". 105. (d) PEGTV Encuu ;< Fgoqetcvke Rqnkvkeu< Ejcrvgt 7< Yqtmkpi qh vjg kpuvkvwvkqpu, rcig :9 • Ukpeg kv ku pqv rtcevkecn hqt cnn okpkuvgtu vq oggv tgiwnctn{ cpf fkuewuu gxgt{vjkpi, (jgpeg) vjg fgekukqpu ctg vcmgp kp Ecdkpgv oggvkpiu. Vjcv ku yj{ rctnkcogpvct{ fgoqetce{ kp oquv eqwpvtkgu ku qhvgp mpqyp cu vjg Ecdkpgv hqto qh iqxgtpogpv. Jgpeg "D" ku vjg cpuygt. 106. (f) Vjg Rctnkcogpv gzgtekugu eqpvtqn qxgt vjg okpkuvgtu vjtqwij xctkqwu fgxkegu nkmg swguvkqp jqwt, fkuewuukqpu, cflqwtpogpv oqvkqp, pq eqphkfgpeg oqvkqp, gve. cpf Uwrrngogpvct{ swguvkqpu ecp dg cumgf fwtkpi vjg swguvkqp jqwt.Vjgtghqtg, cnn vjtgg ctg eqttgev. 107. (f) Rtkxcvg ogodgt'u dknn cu c dknn kpvtqfwegf d{ cp{ ogodgt qh vjg rctnkcogpv yjq'u pqv c okpkuvgt. Jgpeg hktuv uvcvgogpv ku ytqpi. • Vjg Kpfkcp Gzrtguu tgrqtv kp 4018 uc{u qpn{ 16 rtkxcvg ogodgtu dknn jcxg dggp rcuugf ukpeg 1;74. Uq uvcvgogpv 4 ku cnuq ytqpi. 108. (e) 109. (f) Pgy PEGTV, Uvf. 11, Kpvtqfwevkqp vq Kpfkcp Eqpuvkvwvkqp Ejcrvgt 5< Gngevkqp cpf Tgrtgugpvcvkqp, Rcig 79< Kpfkc jcu hktuv rcuv vjg rquv u{uvgo yjgtgkp c ecpfkfcvg yjq ykpu vjg gngevkqp oc{ pqv (pggf vq) igv oclqtkv{ (70%+1) xqvgu. Uvcvgogpv #1 ku ytqpi. Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

C 30 Topicwise Solved Papers Wrvq vjg 10vj Nqm Ucdjc, dqvj vjg Urgcmgt cpf vjg Fgrwv{ Urgcmgt ygtg wuwcnn{ htqo vjg twnkpi rctv{. Ukpeg vjg 11vj Nqm Ucdjc, vjgtg jcu dggp c eqpugpuwu vjcv vjg Urgcmgt eqogu htqo vjg twnkpi rctv{ (qt twnkpi cnnkcpeg) cpf vjg rquv qh Fgrwv{ Urgcmgt iqgu vq vjg ockp qrrqukvkqp rctv{.Ogcpkpi kv'u cp 'kphqtocn eqpugpuwu' coqpi rqnkvkecn rctvkgu, cpf pqv Eqpuvkvwvkqpcn rtqxkukqp. Jgpeg, uvcvgogpv 4 ku ytqpi. 10:. (e) Pgy PEGTV Encuu ;< Fgoqetcvke Rqnkvkeu, Rcig 10;< Tkijv vq xqvg kp gngevkqpu ku cp korqtvcpv eqpuvkvwvkqpcn tkijv. Pgy PEGTV, Uvf. 11, Kpvtqfwevkqp vq Kpfkcp Eqpuvkvwvkqp, Rcig 88 qpg qh vjg korqtvcpv fgekukqpu qh vjg htcogtu qh Kpfkc Eqpuvkvwvkqp ycu vq iwctcpvgg gxgt{ cfwnv ekvk|gp kp Kpfkc, vjg tkijv vq xqvg. ]Ctvkeng 548_ Eqodkpkpi vjg kpvgtrtgvcvkqp qh dqvj vgzvdqqmu, "E" ku vjg cpuygt. 10;. (f) Gngevkqp Eqookuukqp jcu vjtgg gngevkqp Eqookuukqpgtu. Gngevkqp Eqookuukqp fgekfgu vjg gngevkqp uejgfwng hqt vjg eqpfwev qh dqvj igpgtcn gngevkqpu cpf d{g-gngevkqpu. Kv cnuq fgekfgu vjg fkurwvgu tgncvkpi vq urnkvu/ogtigtu qh tgeqipk|gf rqnkvkecn rctvkgu. Jgpeg cpuygt "F" qpn{ 5. Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

Panchayati Raj & Public Policy C 31 A. Panchayati Raj 1. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi ku kpeqttgev kp tgurgev qh Nqecn Iqxgtpogpv kp KpfkcA ]1;;7_ (c) Ceeqtfkpi vq vjg Kpfkcp Eqpuvkvwvkqp, nqecn iqxgtpogpv ku pqv cp kpfgrgpfgpv vkgt kp vjg hgfgtcn u{uvgo (d) 50% qh vjg ugcvu kp nqecn dqfkgu ctg tgugtxgf hqt yqogp (e) Nqecn iqxgtpogpv hkpcpegu ctg vq dg rtqxkfgf d{ c Eqookuukqp (f) Gngevkqpu vq nqecn dqfkgu ctg vq dg fgvgtokpgf d{ c Eqookuukqp 4. Yjcv ku vjg u{uvgo qh iqxgtpcpeg kp vjg Rcpejc{cvk Tcl ugv wrA ]1;;8_ (c) Ukping vkgt uvtwevwtg qh nqecn ugnh iqxgtpogpv cv vjg xknncig ngxgn . (d) Vyq vkgt u{uvgo qh nqecn ugnh iqxgtpogpv cv vjg xknncig cpf dnqem ngxgnu (e) Vjtgg vkgt uvtwevwtg qh nqecn ugnh iqxgtpogpv cv vjg xknncig, dnqem cpf fkuvtkev ngxgnu (f) Hqwt vkgt u{uvgo qh nqecn ugnh iqxgtpogpv cv vjg xknncig dnqem, fkuvtkev cpf kp vjg uvcvg ngxgnu 5. Rcpejc{cv Tcl ycu hktuv kpvtqfwegf kp Kpfkc kp Qevqdgt, 1;7; kp< ]1;;:_ (c) Tclcuvjcp (d) Vcokn Pcfw (e) Mgtcnc (f) Mctpcvcmc 6. Kp vjg pgy Rcpejc{cvk Tcl Dknn gpcevgf kp 1;;5, vjgtg ctg ugxgtcn htguj rtqxkukqpu fgxkcvkpi htqo vjg rcuv. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi ku pqv qpg uwej rtqxkukqpuA ]1;;;_ (c) C pwodgt qh cffgf tgurqpukdknkvkgu kp vjg ctgc qh citkewnvwtg, twtcn fgxgnqrogpv, rtkoct{ gfwecvkqp cpf uqekcn hqtguvt{ coqpi qvjgt (d) Gngevkqpu dgkpi ocfg ocpfcvqt{ hqt cnn rquvu cv vjg vkog vjg{ ctg fwg (e) C uvcvwvqt{ tgrtgugpvcvkqp hqt yqogp kp vjg rcpejc{cvu, wrvq c vjktf qh vjg uvtgpivj (f) Tgiwnct tgowpgtcvkqp vq vjg rcpejc{cv ogodgtu, uq cu vq gpuwtg vjgkt rwpevwcnkv{ cpf ceeqwpvcdknkv{ 7. C eqnngig uvwfgpv fguktgu vq igv gngevgf vq vjg Owpkekrcn Eqwpekn qh jku ekv{. Vjg xcnkfkv{ qh jku pqokpcvkqp yqwnf fgrgpf qp vjg korqtvcpv eqpfkvkqp, coqpi qvjgtu, vjcv< ]4000_ (c) jg qdvckpu rgtokuukqp htqo vjg rtkpekrcn qh jku eqnngig (d) jg ku c ogodgt qh c rqnkvkecn rctv{ (e) jku pcog hkiwtgu kp vjg xqvgtu” nkuv (f) jg hkngu c fgenctcvkqp qykpi cnngikcpeg vq vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc 8. Ocvej Nkuv-K ykvj Nkuv-KK cpf ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfgu ikxgp dgnqy vjg nkuvu< ]4000_ Nkuv-K Nkuv-KK (Nqecn dqfkgu) (Uvcvgu cu kp 1;;;) C. \knc Rctkujcfu cv 1. Cpfjtc Rtcfguj vjg uwd-fkxkukqpcn ngxgn D. Ocpfcn Rtclc Rctkujcf 4. Cuuco E. Vtkdcn Eqwpeknu 5. Ok|qtco F. Cdugpeg qh Xknncig 6. Ogijcnc{c Rcpejc{cvu Eqfgu < (c) C-4, D-1, E-6, F-5 (d) C-1, D-4, E-6, F-5 (e) C-5, D-4, E-1, F-6 (f) C-4, D-1, E-5, F-6 9. Kh c Rcpejc{cv ku fkuuqnxgf, gngevkqpu ctg vq dg jgnf ykvjkp< ]400;_ (c) 1 oqpvj (d) 5 oqpvju (e) 8 oqpvju (f) 1 {gct :. Kp Kpfkc, vjg hktuv Owpkekrcn Eqtrqtcvkqp ycu ugv wr kp yjkej qpg coqpi vjg hqnnqykpiA ]400;_ (c) Ecnewvvc (d) Ocftcu (e) Dqodc{ (f) Fgnjk ;. Vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp (Ugxgpv{-Vjktf Cogpfogpv) Cev, 1;;4, yjkej ckou cv rtqoqvkpi vjg Rcpejc{cvk Tcl Kpuvkvwvkqpu kp vjg eqwpvt{, rtqxkfgu hqt yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi A ]4011 - K_ Chapter 3 Panchayati
Raj
& Public
Policy Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

C 32 Topicwise Solved Papers 1. Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Fkuvtkev Rncppkpi Eqookvvggu. 4. Uvcvg Gngevkqp Eqookuukqpu vq eqpfwev cnn rcpejc{cv gngevkqpu. 5. Guvcdnkujogpv qh Uvcvg Hkpcpeg Eqookuukqp. Ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfgu ikxgp dgnqy< (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 1 cpf 4 qpn{ (e) 4 cpf 5 qpn{ (f) 1, 4 cpf 5 10. Kp vjg ctgcu eqxgtgf wpfgt vjg Rcpejc{cv (Gzvgpukqp vq vjg Uejgfwngf Ctgcu) Cev, 1;;8, yjcv ku vjg tqng/ rqygt qh Itco UcdjcA ]4014 - K_ 1. Itco Ucdjc jcu vjg rqygt vq rtgxgpv cnkgpcvkqp qh ncpf kp vjg Uejgfwngf Ctgcu. 4. Itco Ucdjc jcu vjg qypgtujkr qh okpqt hqtguv rtqfweg. 5. Tgeqoogpfcvkqp qh Itco Ucdjc ku tgswktgf hqt itcpvkpi rtqurgevkpi nkegpeg qt okpkpi ngcug hqt cp{ okpgtcn kp vjg Uejgfwngf Ctgcu. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 1 cpf 4 qpn{ (e) 4 cpf 5 qpn{ (f) 1, 4 cpf 5 11. Wpfgt vjg Uejgfwngf Vtkdgu cpf Qvjgt Vtcfkvkqpcn Hqtguv Fygnngtu (Tgeqipkvkqp qh Hqtguv Tkijvu) Cev, 4008 yjq ujcnn dg vjg cwvjqtkv{ vq kpkvkcvg vjg rtqeguu hqt fgvgtokpkpi vjg pcvwtg cpf gzvgpv qh kpfkxkfwcn qt eqoowpkv{ hqtguv tkijvu qt dqvjA ]4015 - K_ (c) Uvcvg Hqtguv Fgrctvogpv (d) Fkuvtkev Eqnngevqt / Fgrwv{ Eqookuukqpgt (e) Vcjuknfct / Dnqem Fgxgnqrogpv Qhhkegt / Ocpfcn Tgxgpwg Qhhkegt (f) Itco Ucdjc 14. Vjg Iqxgtpogpv gpcevgf vjg Rcpejc{cv Gzvgpukqp vq Uejgfwngf Ctgcu (RGUC) Cev kp 1;;8. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi ku pqv kfgpvkhkgf cu kvu qdlgevkxgA ]4015 - K_ (c) Vq rtqxkfg ugnh-iqxgtpcpeg (d) Vq tgeqipk|g vtcfkvkqpcn tkijvu (e) Vq etgcvg cwvqpqoqwu tgikqpu kp vtkdcn ctgcu (f) Vq htgg vtkdcn rgqrng htqo gzrnqkvcvkqp 15. Vjg hwpfcogpvcn qdlgev qh Rcpejc{cvk Tcl u{uvgo ku vq gpuwtg yjkej coqpi vjg hqnnqykpi A ]4017 - K_ (1) Rgqrng'u rctvkekrcvkqp kp fgxgnqrogpv (4) Rqnkvkecn ceeqwpvcdknkv{ (5) Fgoqetcvke fgegpvtcnk|cvkqp (6) Hkpcpekcn oqdknk|cvkqp Ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfg ikxgp dgnqy. (c) 1, 4 cpf 5 qpn{ (d) 4 cpf 6 qpn{ (e) 1 cpf 5 qpn{ (f) 1, 4, 5 cpf 6 B. Public Policy 16. Yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi ctg vjg qdlgevkxgu qh vjg Eqookuukqp hqt Citkewnvwtcn Equvu cpf Rtkegu (ECER)A ]1;;7_ 1. Vq uvcdknk|g citkewnvwtcn rtkegu 4. Vq gpuwtg ogcpkpihwn tgcn kpeqog ngxgn vq vjg hctogtu 5. Vq rtqvgev vjg kpvgtguv qh vjg eqpuwogtu d{ rtqxkfkpi guugpvkcn citkewnvwtcn eqooqfkvkgu cv tgcuqpcdng tcvgu vjtqwij rwdnke fkuvtkdwvkqp u{uvgo 6. Vq gpuwtg oczkowo rtkeg hqt vjg hctogt Eqfgu< (c) 1, 4 cpf 5 (d) 1, 4 cpf 6 (e) 1, 5 cpf 6 (f) 4, 5 cpf 6 17. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu tgictfkpi vjg Pcvkqpcn Jwocp Tkijvu Eqookuukqp qh Kpfkc< 1. Kvu Ejcktocp owuv dg c tgvktgf Ejkgh Lwuvkeg qh Kpfkc 4. Kv gzkuvu kp gcej uvcvg cu Uvcvg Jwocp Tkijvu Eqookuukqp 5. Kvu rqygtu ctg qpn{ tgeqoogpfcvqt{ kp pcvwtg 6. Kv ku ocpfcvqt{ vq crrqkpv c yqocp cu c ogodgt qh vjg eqookuukqp Yjkej qh vjg cdqxg uvcvgogpvu ctg eqttgevA ]1;;;_ (c) 1, 4, 5 cpf 6 (d) 4 cpf 6 (e) 4 cpf 5 (f) 1, 5 cpf 6 18. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi ngikuncvkqpu fqgu pqv fgcn ykvj vjg rtqvgevkqp qh gpxktqpogpvA ]1;;;_ (c) Vjg Ycvgt (Eguu) Cev, 1;99 (d) Vjg Hqtguv (Eqpugtxcvkqp) Cev, 1;:0 (e) Vjg Rwdnke Nkcdknkv{ Kpuwtcpeg Cev, 1;;1 (f) Vjg Rqtv Ncyu Cogpfogpv Cev, 1;;9 19. Ocvej Nkuv-K ykvj Nkuv-KK cpf ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfgu ikxgp dgnqy vjg nkuvu< ]4001_ Nkuv-K Nkuv-KK (Rwdnkujgt) (Rwdnkecvkqp) C. Okpkuvt{ qh Kpfwuvt{ 1. Tgrqtv qp Ewttgpe{ cpf Hkpcpeg D. Egpvtcn Uvcvkuvkecn 4. Geqpqoke Uwtxg{ Qticpkucvkqp E. Tgugtxg Dcpm qh Kpfkc 5. Yjqngucng Rtkeg Kpfgz F. Okpkuvt{ qh Hkpcpeg 6. Pcvkqpcn Ceeqwpvu Uvcvkuvkeu Eqfgu< (c) C-6, D-5, E-4, F-1 (d) C-5, D-6, E-1, F-4 (e) C-6, D-5, E-1, F-4 (f) C-5, D-6, E-4, F-1 Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

Panchayati Raj & Public Policy C 33 1:. Vjg Eqpuwnvcvkxg Eqookvvgg qh Ogodgtu qh Rctnkcogpv hqt Tcknyc{ \qpgu ku eqpuvkvwvgf d{ vjg< ]4004_ (c) Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc (d) Okpkuvt{ qh Tcknyc{u (e) Okpkuvt{ qh Rctnkcogpv Chhcktu (f) Okpkuvt{ qh Vtcpurqtv 1;. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu ku PQV eqttgevA ]4005_ (c) Vjg Rtguu Eqwpekn qh Kpfkc ku cp cwvqpqoqwu swcuk-lwfkekcn dqf{ guvcdnkujgf wpfgt cp Cev qh vjg Rctnkcogpv (d) Vjg Rtguu Kphqtocvkqp Dwtgcw rtqxkfgu ceetgfkvcvkqp vq ogfkc rgtuqp uq cu vq jcxg gcu{ ceeguu vq kphqtocvkqp htqo iqxgtpogpv uqwtegu (e) Coqpi cnn vjg uvcvgu qh Kpfkc, Ocjctcujvtc rwdnkujgu vjg nctiguv pwodgt qh pgyurcrgt (f) Rtguu Vtwuv qh Kpfkc ku vjg nctiguv pgyu cigpe{ kp vjg eqwpvt{ 40. Ykvj tghgtgpeg vq Kpfkcp rwdnke hkpcpeg, eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]4006_ 1. Fkudwtugogpvu htqo Rwdnke Ceeqwpvu qh Kpfkc ctg uwdlgev vq vjg Xqvg qh vjg Rctnkcogpv 4. Vjg Kpfkcp Eqpuvkvwvkqp rtqxkfgu hqt vjg guvcdnkujogpv qh c Eqpuqnkfcvgf Hwpf, c Rwdnke Ceeqwpv cpf c Eqpvkpigpe{ Hwpf hqt gcej Uvcvg 5. Crrtqrtkcvkqpu cpf fkudwtugogpvu wpfgt vjg Tcknyc{ Dwfigv ctg uwdlgev vq vjg ucog hqto qh rctnkcogpvct{ eqpvtqn cu qvjgt crrtqrtkcvkqpu cpf fkudwtugogpvu Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 cpf 4 (d) 4 cpf 5 (e) 1 cpf 5 (f) 1, 4 cpf 5 41. Vjg Ctejcgqnqikecn Uwtxg{ qh Kpfkc ku cp cvvcejgf qhhkeg qh vjg Fgrctvogpv/Okpkuvt{ qh < ]4006_ (c) Ewnvwtg (d) Vqwtkuo (e) Uekgpeg cpf Vgejpqnqi{ (f) Jwocp Tguqwteg Fgxgnqrogpv 44. Cuugtvkqp (C) < Vjg Egpvtcn Twtcn Ucpkvcvkqp Rtqitcoog ycu ncwpejgf kp 1;:8 vq kortqxg vjg swcnkv{ qh nkhg qh twtcn rgqrng kp Kpfkc. Tgcuqp (T) < Twtcn ucpkvcvkqp ku c uwdlgev kp vjg Eqpewttgpv Nkuv kp vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc. Kp vjg eqpvgzv qh cdqxg vyq uvcvgogpvu, yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi ku eqttgevA ]4006_ (c) Dqvj C cpf T ctg kpfkxkfwcnn{ vtwg cpf T ku vjg eqttgev gzrncpcvkqp qh C. (d) Dqvj C cpf T ctg kpfkxkfwcnn{ vtwg dwv T ku pqv vjg eqttgev gzrncpcvkqp qh C. (e) C ku vtwg dwv T ku hcnug. (f) C ku hcnug dwv T ku vtwg 45. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi< ]4007_ 1. Fkurwvgu ykvj oqdkng egnnwnct eqorcpkgu 4. Oqvqt ceekfgpv ecugu 5. Rgpukqp ecugu Hqt yjkej qh vjg cdqxg ctg Nqm Cfcncvu jgnfA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 1 cpf 4 (e) 4 qpn{ (f) 1, 4 cpf 5 46. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]4008_ K. Vjgtg ku pq rtqxkukqp kp vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc vq gpeqwtcig gswcn rc{ hqt gswcn yqtm hqt dqvj ogp cpf yqogp. 4. Vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc fqgu pqv fghkpg dcemyctf encuugu. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpv(u) ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) K qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj K cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt K pqt 4 47. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]4009_ 1. Vjg pcvkqp-ykfg uejgog qh vjg Pcvkqpcn Ejknf Ncdqwt Rtqlgevu (PENR) ku twp d{ vjg Wpkqp Okpkuvt{ qh Uqekcn Lwuvkeg cpf Gorqygtogpv. 4. Iwtwrcfuyco{ Eqookvvgg fgcnv ykvj vjg kuuwgu qh ejknf ncdqwt. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 48. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu < Kp Kpfkc, c Ogvtqrqnkvcp Rncppkpi Eqookvvgg < 1. ku eqpuvkvwvgf wpfgt vjg rtqxkukqpu qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc. 4. rtgrctgu vjg ftchv fgxgnqrogpv rncpu hqt ogvtqrqnkvcp ctgc. 5. jcu vjg uqng tgurqpukdknkv{ hqt korngogpvkpi Iqxgtpogpv urqpuqtgf uejgogu kp vjg ogvtqrqnkvcp ctgc. ]4011 - K_ Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 cpf 4 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) 1 cpf 5 qpn{ (f) 1, 4 cpf 5 49. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]4015 - K_ Vjg rctnkcogpvct{ Eqookvvgg qp rwdnke ceeqwpvu 1. eqpukuvu qh pqv oqtg vjcp 47 Ogodgtu qh vjg Nqm Ucdjc 4. uetwvkpk|gu crrtqrtkcvkqp cpf hkpcpeg ceeqwpvu qh vjg Iqxgtpogpv 5. gzcokpgu vjg tgrqtv qh vjg Eqorvtqnngt cpf Cwfkvqt Igpgtcn qh Kpfkc. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 cpf 5 qpn{ (e) 5 qpn{ (f) 1, 4 cpf 5 Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

C 34 Topicwise Solved Papers 4:. Tcujvtk{c Ictkoc Cdjk{ccp” ku c pcvkqpcn ecorckip vq ]4018-K_ (c) tgjcdknkvcvg vjg jqognguu cpf fguvkvwvg rgtuqpu cpf rtqxkfg vjgo ykvj uwkvcdng uqwtegu qh nkxgnkjqqf (d) tgngcug vjg ugz yqtmgtu htqo vjgkt rtcevkeg cpf rtqxkfg vjgo ykvj cnvgtpcvkxg uqwtegu qh nkxgnkjqqf (e) gtcfkecvg vjg rtcevkeg qh ocpwcn uecxgpikpi cpf tgjcdknkvcvg vjg ocpwcn uecxgpigtu (f) tgngcug vjg dqpfgf ncdqwtgtu htqo vjgkt dqpfcig cpf tgjcdknkvcvg vjgo 4;. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]4018-K_ 1. Vjg okpkowo cig rtguetkdgf hqt cp{ rgtuqp vq dg c ogodgt qh Rcpejc{cv ku 47 {gctu. 4. C Rcpejc{cv tgeqpuvkvwvgf chvgt rtgocvwtg fkuuqnwvkqp eqpvkpwgu qpn{ hqt vjg tgockpfgt rgtkqf. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

Panchayati Raj & Public Policy C 35 A. Panchayati Raj 1. (d) Ceeqtfkpi vq 95tf Cogpfogpv Cev 1;;5, wpfgt Ctvkeng 465F, pqv nguu vjcp 1/5tf k.g. 55% ugcvu ujqwnf dg tgugtxgf hqt yqogp kp nqecn dqfkgu. 4. (e) Ceeqtfkpi vq 95tf Cogpfogpv Cev, vjtgg-vkgt u{uvgo qh Rcpejc{cvu gzkuvu< Xknncig ngxgn, Fkuvtkev Rcpejc{cv cv vjg fkuvtkev ngxgn, vjg kpvgtogfkcvg Rcpejc{cv yjkej uvcpfu dgvyggp vjg xknncig cpf Fkuvtkev Rcpejc{cvu kp vjg Uvcvgu yjgtg vjg rqrwncvkqp ku cdqxg 40 Ncmju. 5. (c) Rcpejc{cvk Tcl U{uvgo ycu hktuv kpvtqfwegf kp Pcicwt fkuvtkev qh Tclcuvjcp qp Qevqdgt 4, 1;7; hqnnqygf d{ Cpfjtc Rtcfguj kp 1;7;. 6. (f) Rtqxkukqp ikxgp kp qrvkqp (f) ku pqv kpenwfgf wpfgt 95tf Cogpfogpv Cev 1;;5. 7. (e) Pcog kp vjg xqvgtu nkuv ku vjg korqtvcpv eqpfkvkqp. 8. (c) 9. (e) Fwtcvkqp qh Rcpejc{cvu ku hkxg {gct. Htguj gngevkqp vq eqpuvkvwvg c Rcpejc{cv ujcnn dg eqorngvgf dghqtg vjg gzrkt{ qh kvu vgto= qt kp ecug qh fkuuqnwvkqp htguj gngevkqp ku vq dg eqpfwevgf dghqtg vjg gzrkt{ qh c rgtkqf qh 8 oqpvju htqo vjg fcvg qh kvu fkuuqnwvkqp. :. (d) Kp 18::, vjg hktuv Owpkekrcn Eqtrqtcvkqp qh Kpfkc ycu ugv wr kp Ocftcu. ;. (e) Fkuvtkev rncppkpi eqookvvgg eqogu wpfgt 96vj Cogpfogpv pqv kp 95tf Cogpfogpv. 10. (d) Tgeqoogpfcvkqp qh Itco ucdjc qt Rcpejc{cv cv vjg crrtqrtkcvg ngxgn ujcnn dg ocpfcvqt{ hqt itcpv qh rtqurgevkpi nkegpeg qt okpkpi ngcug hqt okpqt okpgtcnu (pqv hqt cp{ okpgtcnu) kp vjg ujgfwngf ctgcu. Vjgtghqtg uvcvgogpv 5 ku hcnug. 11. (f) Ugevkqp E qh vjg Hqtguv Fygnngtyyu Cev rtqxkfgu c vtcpurctgpv vjtgg uvgr rtqegfwtg hqt fgekfkpi qp yjq igvu tkijvu. Hktuvn{, vjg Itco Ucdjc ocmgu c tgeqoogpfcvkqpk.g, yjq jcu dggp ewnvkxcvkpi ncpf hqt jqy nqpi, yjkej okpqt hqtguv rtqfweg ku eqnngevgf= gve. Vjg Itco Ucdjc rnc{u vjku tqng dgecwug kv ku c rwdnke dqf{ yjgtg cnn rgqrng rctvkekrcvg cpf jgpeg ku hwnn{ fgoqetcvke cpf vtcpurctgpv. Vjg Itco Ucdjc”u tgeqoogpfcvkqp iqgu vjtqwij vyq uvcigu qh uetggpkpi eqookvvggu- vjg Vcnwmc cpf vjg Fkuvtkev ngxgnu. 14. (f) 15. (e) Hkpcpekcn oqdknk|cvkqp ku pqv vjg hwpfcogpvcn qdlgevkxg qh RTnu. Gxgp vjqwij Rcpejc{cvu jcxg vjg rqygtu vq eqnngev tgxgpwg. Rqnkvkecn ceeqwpvcdknkv{ tghgtu vq vjg tgurqpukdknkv{ qt qdnkicvkqp qh iqxgtpogpv qhhkekcnu (dqvj rqnkvkekcpu cpf ekxkn ugtxcpvu) vq cev kp vjg dguv kpvgtguvu qh uqekgv{ qt hceg eqpugswgpegu. B. Public Policy 16. (c) Vjg qdlgevkxg qh vjg rtkeg rqnke{ wpfgtn{kpi OUR ku vq dtkpi c dcncpegf cpf kpvgitcvgf rtkeg uvtwevwtg hqt citkewnvwtcn eqooqfkvkgu cpf pqv vq gpuwtg oczkowo rtkeg hqt vjg hctogtu. 17. (f) Jgtg vjg rquukdng cpuygt ku (f) dgecwug Uvcvgogpv 4 ku kpeqttgev cu kv ku pqv ocpfcvqt{ vjcv gcej uvcvg owuv jcxg c Uvcvg Jwocp Tkijvu Eqookuukqp. Dwv uvcvgogpv 6 ku eqttgev cu Ejcktrgtuqp qh vjg Pcvkqpcn Eqookuukqp qp Yqogp ku cnuq vjg ogodgt qh PJTE. 18. (e) Vjg ycvgt (eguu) Cev, 1;99 rtqxkfgu hqt vjg ngx{ cpf eqnngevkqp qh c eguu qp ycvgt eqpuwogf d{ rgtuqpu ectt{kpi qp egtvckp kpfwuvtkgu cpf d{ nqecn cwvjqtkvkgu, ykvj c xkgy vq cwiogpv vjg tguqwtegu qh vjg Egpvtcn Dqctf cpf vjg Uvcvg Dqctfu hqt vjg rtgxgpvkqp cpf eqpvtqn qh ycvgt rqnnwvkqp. Vjg Rwdnke Nkcdknkv{ Kpuwtcpeg Cev, 1;;1 rtqxkfgu hqt rwdnke nkcdknkv{ kpuwtcpeg hqt vjg rwtrqug qh rtqxkfkpi koogfkcvg tgnkgh vq vjg rgtuqpu chhgevgf d{ ceekfgpv qeewttkpi yjkng jcpfnkpi cp{ jc|ctfqwu uwduvcpeg cpf hqt ocvvgtu eqppgevgf vjgtgykvj qt kpekfgpvcn vjgtgvq. 19. (d) 1:. (e) Ockp rwtrqug qh vjgug Eqookvvggu ku vq rtqxkfg c hqtwo hqt kphqtocn fkuewuukqpu dgvyggp vjg Iqxgtpogpv cpf Ogodgtu qh Rctnkcogpv qp rqnkekgu cpf rtqitcoogu qh vjg Iqxgtpogpv cpf vjg ocppgt qh vjgkt korngogpvcvkqp. 1;. (e) Ocfj{c Rtcfguj rwdnkujgu nctiguv pwodgt qh pgyurcrgtu kp Kpfkc. 40. (d) Vjg Kpfkcp Eqpuvkvwvkqp rtqxkfgu hqt vjg guvcdnkujogpv qh c Eqpuqnkfcvgf Hwpf cpf c Rwdnke Ceeqwpv wpfgt Ctvkeng 488 cpf c Eqpvkpigpe{ Hwpf hqt gcej Uvcvg wpfgt Ctvkeng 489. Fkudwtugogpvu htqo Rwdnke Ceeqwpvu qh Kpfkc ctg pqv uwdlgev vq c Xqvg qh Rctnkcuogpv. 41. (c) Vjg Ctejcgqnqikecn Uwtxg{ qh Kpfkc, guvcdnkujgf kp 1:81 ku c fgrctvogpv qh vjg Iqxgtpogpv qh Kpfkc cvvcejgf vq vjg Okpkuvt{ qh Ewnvwtg. CUK ku tgurqpukdng hqt ctejcgqnqikecn uvwfkgu cpf vjg rtgugtxcvkqp qh ctejcgqnqikecn jgtkvcig qh vjg eqwpvt{ kp ceeqtfcpeg ykvj vjg xctkqwu cevu qh vjg Kpfkcp Rctnkcogpv. 44. (e) Twtcn ucpkvcvkqp ku pqv c uwdlgev kp vjg Eqpewttgpv Nkuv. Rwdnke Jgcnvj cpf Ucpkvcvkqp eqogu HINTS & SOLUTIONS Explanations Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

C 36 Topicwise Solved Papers wpfgt vjg Uvcvg Nkuv. Rgtuqpcn cpf hqqf j{ikgpg jcxg dggp oclqt ecwug qh ocp{ fkugcugu kp fgxgnqrkpi eqwpvtkgu. Kv ycu kp vjku eqpvgzv vjcv vjg egpvtcn Twtcn Ucpkvcvkqp Rtqitcoogt (ETUR) ycu ncwpejgf kp 1;:8. 45. (f) 46. (d) Uvcvgogpv 1 ku kpeqttgev cu gswcn rc{ hqt gswcn yqtm hqt dqvj ogp cpf yqogp ku rtqxkfgf wpfgt Ctvkeng 5;(f) kp Fktgevkxg Rtkpekrngu qh vjg Uvcvg Rqnke{ wpfgt Rctv KX qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp. Wpfgt Ctvkeng ˜ 560 qh vjg Kpfkcp eqpuvkvwvkqp, kv ku qdnkicvqt{ hqt vjg iqxgtpogpv vq rtqoqvg vjg ygnhctg qh vjg qvjgt Dcemyctf encuugu (QDE) . 47. (d) 48. (c) Ctvkeng 465\G ˜ Eqookvvgg qp Ogvtqrqnkvcp Rncppkpi fqgu pqv jcxg c uqng tgurqpukdknkv{ hqt korngogpvkpi Iqxgtpogpv urqpuqtgf uejgogu kp ogvtqrqnkvcp ctgc. Ogvtqrqnkvcp rncppkpi eqookvvgg ku eqpuvkvwvgf wpfgt vjg rtqxkukqpu qh vjg eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc. Ceeqtfkpi vq vjg eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc, gxgt{ Ogvtqrqnkvcp ctgc ujcnn jcxg c Ogvtqrqnkvcp rncppkpi eqookvvgg vq rtgrctg c ftchv fgxgnqrogpv rncp. 49. (d) Cv rtgugpv vjg Rwdnke Ceeqwpvu eqookvvgg eqpukuvu qh 44 ogodgtu (17 htqo vjg Nqm Ucdjc cpf 9 htqo vjg Tcl{c Ucdjc. Vjg hwpevkqp qh vjg eqookvvgg ku 1. Vq gzcokpg vjg cppwcn cwfkv tgrqtvu qh vjg eqorvtqnngt cpf cwfkvqt igpgtcn qh Kpfkc (ECI), yjkej ctg nckf dghqtg vjg Rctnkcogpv d{ vjg Rtgukfgpv. 4. Vq gzcokpg vjg crrtqrtkcvkqp ceeqwpvu cpf vjg hkpcpeg ceeqwpvu qh vjg Wpkqp iqxgtpogpv cpf cp{ qvjgt ceeqwpvu nckf dghqtg vjg Nqm-Ucdjc. 4:. (e) (k) Kv ku c ecorckip hqt gtcfkecvkqp qh kpjwocp rtcevkeg qh ocpwcn uecxgpikpi cpf eqortgjgpukxg tgjcdknkvcvkqp qh ocpwcn uecxgpigtu kp Kpfkc. Cujkh Ujckmj ku ygnn mpqyp hqt jku tqng kp vjg ecorckip (Tcujcvtk{c Ictkoc Cdjk{cp) vjtqwij xctkqwu ecorckipu qh Lcp Ucjcu. (kk) Tcujvtk{c Ictkoc Cdjk{ccp ku cp PIQ-ngf oqxgogpv hqt ocpwcn uecxgpigtu. Tgh< Vjg Jkpfw pgyurcrgt 4;. (d) Vjku swguvkqp ecp dg fktgevn{ uqnxgf htqo Fkujc rwdnkecvkqp”u Rqnkv{ eqorgpfkwo, rcig R-141.  Vjg okpkowo cig vq eqpvguv Rcpejc{cv gngevkqpu ku 41 {gctu.  4pf uvcvgogpv ku eqttgev. Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

Judiciary & Legal Rights, Issues etc. C 37 A. Judiciary 1. Vjg rqygt qh vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv qh Kpfkc vq fgekfg fkurwvgu dgvyggp vjg Egpvtg cpf vjg Uvcvg hcnnu wpfgt kvu< [1996] (c) cfxkuqt{ lwtkufkevkqp (d) crrgnncvg lwtkufkevkqp (e) qtkikpcn lwtkufkevkqp (f) eqpuvkvwvkqpcn lwtkufkevkqp 4. Yjgp vjg Ejkgh Lwuvkeg qh c Jkij Eqwtv cevu kp cp cfokpkuvtcvkxg ecrcekv{, jg ku uwdlgev vq < [1996] (c) vjg ytkv lwtkufkevkqp qh cp{ qvjgt lwfigu qh vjg Jkij Eqwtv. (d) urgekcn eqpvtqn gzgtekugf d{ vjg Ejkgh Lwuvkeg qh Kpfkc. (e) fkuetgvkqpct{ rqygtu qh vjg Iqxgtpqt qh vjg uvcvg. (f) urgekcn rqygtu rtqxkfgf vq vjg Ejkgh Okpkuvgt. 5. Ceeqtfkpi vq vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc vjg vgto 'fkuvtkev lwfig' ujcnn pqv kpenwfg< [1996] (c) ejkgh rtgukfgpe{ ocikuvtcvg (d) uguukqpu lwfigu (e) vtkdwpcn lwfig (f) ejkgh lwfig qh c uocnn ecwug eqwtv 6. Ikxgp dgnqy ctg vyq uvcvgogpvu, qpg ncdgnngf cu Cuugtvkqp (C) cpf vjg qvjgt ncdgnngf cu Tgcuqp (T). Cuugtvkqp (C) < Yknhwn fkuqdgfkgpeg qt pqp-eqornkcpeg qh Eqwtv qtfgtu cpf wug qh fgtqicvqt{ ncpiwcig cdqwv lwfkekcn dgjcxkqwt coqwpv vq Eqpvgorv qh Eqwtv. Tgcuqp (T) < Lwfkekcn cevkxkuo ecppqv dg rtcevkugf ykvjqwv ctokpi vjg lwfkekct{ ykvj rwpkvkxg rqygtu vq rwpkuj eqpvgorvwqwu dgjcxkqwt. Kp vjg eqpvgzv qh vjg cdqxg vyq uvcvgogpvu yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi ku eqttgevA [1997] (c) Dqvj C cpf T ctg vtwg cpf T ku vjg eqttgev gzrncpcvkqp qh C (d) Dqvj C cpf T ctg vtwg dwv T ku pqv vjg eqttgev gzrncpcvkqp qh C (e) C ku vtwg dwv T ku hcnug (f) C ku hcnug dwv T ku vtwg 7. Vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv qh Kpfkc vgpfgtu cfxkeg vq vjg Rtgukfgpv qp c ocvvgt qh ncy qt hcev< [2001] (c) qp kvu qyp kpkvkcvkxg (d) qpn{ kh jg uggmu uwej cfxkeg (e) qpn{ kh vjg ocvvgt tgncvgu vq vjg Hwpfcogpvcn Tkijvu qh ekvk|gpu (f) qpn{ kh vjg kuuwg rqugu c vjtgcv vq vjg wpkv{ cpf kpvgitkv{ qh vjg eqwpvt{ 8. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu tgictfkpi vjg Jkij Eqwtvu kp Kpfkc< [2001] 1. Vjgtg ctg gkijvggp Jkij Eqwtvu kp vjg eqwpvt{. 4. Vjtgg qh vjgo jcxg lwtkufkevkqp qxgt oqtg vjcp qpg uvcvg. 5. Pq Wpkqp Vgttkvqt{ jcu c Jkij Eqwtv qh kvu qyp. 6. Lwfigu qh vjg Jkij Eqwtv jqnf qhhkeg vknn vjg cig qh 84. Yjkej qh vjgug uvcvgogpvu ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1, 4 cpf 6 (d) 4 cpf 5 (e) 1 cpf 6 (f) 6 qpn{ 9. Vjg ucnctkgu cpf cnnqycpegu qh vjg Lwfigu qh vjg Jkij Eqwtv ctg ejctigf vq vjg< [2002] (c) Eqpuqnkfcvgf Hwpf qh Kpfkc (d) Eqpuqnkfcvgf Hwpf qh vjg Uvcvg (e) Eqpvkpigpe{ Hwpf qh Kpfkc (f) Eqpvkpigpe{ Hwpf qh vjg Uvcvg :. Vjg rqygt vq gpnctig vjg lwtkufkevkqp qh vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv qh Kpfkc ykvj tgurgev vq cp{ ocvvgt kpenwfgf kp vjg Wpkqp Nkuv qh Ngikuncvkxg Rqygtu tguvu ykvj< [2003] (c) Vjg Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc (d) Vjg Ejkgh Lwuvkeg qh Kpfkc (e) Vjg Rctnkcogpv (f) Vjg Wpkqp Okpkuvt{ qh Ncy, Lwuvkeg cpf Eqorcp{ Chhcktu ;. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi Jkij Eqwtvu jcu vjg Vgttkvqtkcn Lwtkufkevkqp qxgt Cpfcocp cpf Pkeqdct KuncpfuA [2003] (c) Cpfjtc Rtcfguj (d) Mqnmcvc (e) Ejgppck (f) Qtkuuc 10. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< [2004] 1. Vjg jkijguv etkokpcn eqwtv qh vjg fkuvtkev ku vjg Eqwtv qh Fkuvtkev cpf Uguukqp Lwfig 4. Vjg Fkuvtkev Lwfig ctg crrqkpvgf d{ vjg Iqxgtpqt kp eqpuwnvcvkqp ykvj vjg Jkij Eqwtvu. 5. C rgtuqp vq dg gnkikdng hqt crrqkpvogpv cu c Fkuvtkev Lwfig ujqwnf dg cp cfxqecvg qt c rngcfgt qh ugxgp {gctu” uvcpfkpi qt oqtg, qt cp qhhkegt kp lwfkekcn ugtxkeg qh vjg Wpkqp qt vjg Uvcvg. 6. Yjgp vjg uguukqpu lwfig cyctfu c fgcvj ugpvgpeg, kv owuv dg eqphktogf d{ vjg Jkij Eqwtv dghqtg kv ku ecttkgf qwv. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 cpf 4 (d) 4, 5 cpf 6 (e) 5 cpf 6 (f) 1, 4, 5 cpf 6 Chapter 4 Judiciary
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C 38 Topicwise Solved Papers 11. Ceeqtfkpi vq vjg Pcvkqpcn Jwocp Tkijvu Eqookuukqp Cev, 1;;5, yjq coqpiuv vjg hqnnqykpi ecp dg kvu EjcktocpA ]4006_ (c) Cp{ ugtxkpi Lwfig qh vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv (d) Cp{ ugtxkpi Lwfig qh vjg Jkij Eqwtv (e) Qpn{ c tgvktgf Ejkgh Lwuvkeg qh Kpfkc (f) Qpn{ c tgvktgf Ejkgh Lwuvkeg qh c Jkij Eqwtv 14. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi ku vjg eqttgev ugswgpeg kp vjg fguegpfkpi qtfgt qh rtgegfgpeg kp vjg ycttcpv qh rtgegfgpegA ]4006_ (c) Cvvqtpg{ Igpgtcn qh Kpfkc˜Lwfigu qh vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv˜Ogodgtu vjg qh Rctnkcogpv˜Fgrwv{ Ejcktocp qh Tcl{c Ucdjc (d) Lwfigu qh vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv˜Fgrwv{ Ejcktocp qh Tcl{c Ucdjc˜Cvvqtpg{ Igpgtcn qh Kpfkc˜ Ogodgtu qh vjg Rctnkcogpv (e) Cvvqtpg{ Igpgtcn qh Kpfkc˜Fgrwv{ Ejcktocp qh Tcl{c Ucdjc˜Lwfigu qh vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv˜ Ogodgtu qh Rctnkcogpv (f) Lwfigu qh vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv˜Cvvqtpg{ Igpgtcn qh Kpfkc˜Fgrwv{ Ejcktocp qh Tcl{c Ucdjc˜ Ogodgtu qh Rctnkcogpv 15. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]4007_ 1. Vjgtg ctg 47 Jkij Eqwtvu kp Kpfkc. 4. Rwplcd, Jct{cpc cpf vjg Wpkqp Vgttkvqt{ qh Ejcpfkictj jcxg c eqooqp Jkij Eqwtv. 5. Pcvkqpcn Ecrkvcn Vgttkvqt{ qh Fgnjk jcu c Jkij Eqwtv qh kvu qyp. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 4 cpf 5 (d) 1 cpf 4 (e) 1, 4 cpf 5 (f) 5 qpn{ 16. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]4007_ 1. Vjg Rctnkcogpv ecppqv gpnctig vjg lwtkufkevkqp qh vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv qh Kpfkc cu kvu lwtkufkevkqp ku nkokvgf vq vjcv eqphgttgf d{ vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp. 4. Vjg qhhkegtu cpf ugtxcpvu qh vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv cpf Jkij Eqwtvu ctg crrqkpvgf d{ vjg eqpegtpgf Ejkgh Lwuvkeg cpf vjg cfokpkuvtcvkxg gzrgpugu ctg ejctigf qp vjg Eqpuqnkfcvgf hwpf qh Kpfkc. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 17. Cuugtvkqp (C)< Kp Kpfkc, gxgt{ Uvcvg jcu c Jkij Eqwtv kp kvu vgttkvqt{. Tgcuqp (T) < Vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc rtqxkfgu c Jkij Eqwtv kp gcej Uvcvg. ]4008_ Eqfgu< (c) Dqvj “C” cpf “T” ctg kpfkxkfwcnn{ vtwg cpf “T” ku vjg eqttgev gzrncpcvkqp qh” C”. (d) Dqvj” C” cpf “T” ctg kpfkxkfwcnn{ vtwg dwv” T” ku pqv vjg eqttgev gzrncpcvkqp qh” C”. (e) “C” ku vtwg dwv “T” ku hcnug. (f) “C” ku hcnug dwv “T” ku vtwg. 18. Yjq ycu vjg Ejkgh Lwuvkeg qh Kpfkc yjgp Rwdnke Kpvgtguv Nkvkicvkqp (RKN) ycu kpvtqfwegf vq vjg Kpfkcp lwfkekcn u{uvgoA ]4008_ (c) O. Jkfc{cvwnncj (d) C. O. Cjocfk (e) C. U. Cpcpf (f) R. P. Djciycvk 19. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]4008_ 1. C rgtuqp yjq jcu jgnf qhhkeg cu c rgtocpgpv Lwfig qh c Jkij Eqwtv ecppqv rngcf qt cev kp cp{ eqwtv qt dghqtg cp{ cwvjqtkv{ kp Kpfkc gzegrv qh vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv. 4. C rgtuqp ku pqv swcnkhkgf hqt crrqkpvogpv cu c Lwfig qh c Jkij Eqwtv kp Kpfkc wpnguu jg jcu hqt cv ngcuv hkxg {gctu jgnf c lwfkekcn qhhkeg kp vjg vgttkvqt{ qh Kpfkc. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpv(u) ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 1:. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]4009_ 1. Vjg oqfg qh tgoqxcn qh c Lwfig qh c Jkij Eqwtv kp Kpfkc ku ucog cu vjcv qh tgoqxcn qh c Lwfig qh vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv. 4. Chvgt tgvktgogpv htqo vjg qhhkeg, c rgtocpgpv lwfig qh c Jkij Eqwtv ecppqv rngcf qt cev kp cp{ eqwtv qt dghqtg cp{ cwvjqtkv{ kp Kpfkc. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 1;. Jqy ocp{ Jkij Eqwtvu kp Kpfkc jcxg lwtkufkevkqp qxgt oqtg vjcp qpg Uvcvg (Wpkqp Vgttkvqtkgu pqv kpenwfgf)A ]400:_ (c) 4 (d) 5 (e) 6 (f) 7 40. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]400:_ 1. Lwuvkeg X T Mtkujpc K{gt ycu vjg Ejkgh Lwuvkeg qh Kpfkc. 4. Lwuvkeg X T Mtkujpc K{gt ku eqpukfgtgf cu qpg qh vjg rtqigpkvqtu qh Rwdnke Kpvgtguv Nkvkicvkqp (RKN) kp vjg Kpfkcp lwfkekcn u{uvgo. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 41. Ykvj tghgtgpeg vq Nqm Cfcncvu, eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]400;_ 1. Cp cyctf ocfg d{ c Nqm Cfcncv ku fggogf vq dg c fgetgg qh c ekxkn eqwtv cpf pq crrgcn nkgu cickpuv vjgtg vq cp{ eqwtv. 4. Ocvtkoqpkcn/Hcokn{ fkurwvgu ctg pqv eqxgtgf wpfgt Nqm Cfcncv. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 44. Ykvj tghgtgpeg vq Nqm Cfcncvu, yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu ku eqttgev A ]4010_ (c) Nqm Cfcncvu jcxg vjg lwtkufkevkqp vq ugvvng ocvvgtu cv rtg-nkvkicvkpi uvcig cpf pqv vjqug ocvvgtu rgpfkpi dghqtg cp{ eqwtv (d) Nqm Cfcncvu ecp fgcn ykvj ocvvgtu yjkej ctg ekxkn cpf pqv etkokpcn kp pcvwtg. (e) Gxgt{ Nqm Cfcncv eqpukuvu qh gkvjgt ugtxkpi qt tgvktgf lwfkekcn qhhkegtu qpn{ cpf pqv cp{ qvjgt rgtuqp. (f) Pqpg qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku eqttgev. 45. Yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi ctg kpenwfgf kp vjg qtkikpcn lwtkufkevkqp qh vjg Uwrtgog EqwtvA ]4014 - K_ Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

Judiciary & Legal Rights, Issues etc. C 39 1. C fkurwvg dgvyggp vjg Iqxgtpogpv qh Kpfkc cpf qpg qt oqtg Uvcvgu 4. C fkurwvg tgictfkpi gngevkqpu vq gkvjgt Jqwug qh vjg Rctnkcogpv qt vjcv qh Ngikuncvwtg qh c Uvcvg 5. C fkurwvg dgvyggp vjg Iqxgtpogpv qh Kpfkc cpf c Wpkqp Vgttkvqt{ 6. C fkurwvg dgvyggp vyq qt oqtg Uvcvgu Ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfgu ikxgp dgnqy < (c) 1 cpf 4 (d) 4 cpf 5 (e) 1 cpf 6 (f) 5 cpf 6 46. Ykvj tghgtgpeg vq vjg Fgnkokvcvkqp Eqookuukqp, eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu < ]4014 - K_ 1. Vjg qtfgtu qh vjg Fgnkokvcvkqp Eqookuukqp ecppqv dg ejcnngpigf kp c Eqwtv qh Ncy. 4. Yjgp vjg qtfgtu qh vjg Fgnkokvcvkqp Eqookuukqp ctg nckf dghqtg vjg Nqm Ucdjc qt Uvcvg Ngikuncvkxg Cuugodn{, vjg{ ecppqv ghhgev cp{ oqfkhkecvkqpu kp vjg qtfgtu. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 47. Yjcv ku vjg rtqxkukqp vq uchgiwctf vjg cwvqpqo{ qh vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv qh KpfkcA ]4014 - K_ 1. Yjkng crrqkpvkpi vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv Lwfigu, vjg Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc jcu vq eqpuwnv vjg Ejkgh Lwuvkeg qh Kpfkc. 4. Vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv Lwfigu ecp dg tgoqxgf d{ vjg Ejkgh Lwuvkeg qh Kpfkc qpn{. 5. Vjg ucnctkgu qh vjg Lwfigu ctg ejctigf qp vjg Eqpuqnkfcvgf Hwpf qh Kpfkc vq yjkej vjg ngikuncvwtg fqgu pqv jcxg vq xqvg. 6. Cnn crrqkpvogpvu qh qhhkegtu cpf uvchhu qh vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv qh Kpfkc ctg ocfg d{ vjg Iqxgtpogpv qpn{ chvgt eqpuwnvkpi vjg Ejkgh Lwuvkeg qh Kpfkc. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 cpf 5 (d) 5 cpf 6 (e) 6 qpn{ (f) 1, 4, 5 cpf 6 48. Ykvj tghgtgpeg vq Pcvkqpcn Ngicn Ugtxkegu Cwvjqtkv{, eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]4015 - K_ 1. Kvu qdlgevkxg ku vq rtqxkfg htgg cpf eqorgvgpv ngicn ugtxkegu vq vjg ygcmgt ugevkqpu qh vjg uqekgv{ qp vjg dcuku qh gswcn qrrqtvwpkv{. 4. Kv kuuwgu iwkfgnkpgu hqt vjg Uvcvg Ngicn Ugtxkegu Cwvjqtkvkgu vq korngogpv vjg ngicn rtqitcoogu cpf uejgogu vjtqwijqwv vjg eqwpvt{. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 B. Legal Rights 49. Rtqjkdkvkqp qh fkuetkokpcvkqp qp itqwpfu qh tgnkikqp gve. (Ctvkeng 17 qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc) ku c Hwpfcogpvcn Tkijvu encuukhkcdng wpfgt< ]1;;7_ (c) vjg Tkijv vq Htggfqo qh Tgnkikqp (d) vjg Tkijv cickpuv Gzrnqkvcvkqp (e) vjg Ewnvwtcn cpf Gfwecvkqpcn Tkijvu (f) vjg Tkijv vq Gswcnkv{ 4:. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]1;;8_ Pq qpg ecp dg eqorgnngf vq ukpi vjg Pcvkqpcn Cpvjgo ukpeg< 1. kv yknn dg xkqncvkxg qh vjg Tkijv vq Htggfqo qh Urggej cpf Gzrtguukqp 4. kv yknn dg xkqncvkxg qh vjg Tkijv vq vjg Htggfqo qh Eqpuekgpeg cpf rtcevkug cpf rtqrcicvkqp qh tgnkikqp 5. vjgtg ku pq ngicn rtqxkukqp qdnkikpi cp{qpg vq ukpi vjg Pcvkqpcn Cpvjgo (c) 1 cpf 5 ctg eqttgev (d) 4 cpf 5 ctg eqttgev (e) 1, 4 cpf 5 ctg eqttgev (f) pqpg ku eqttgev 4;. C Dtkvkuj ekvk|gp uvc{kpi kp Kpfkc ecppqv encko vjg tkijv vq< [1999] (c) Htggfqo qh vtcfg cpf rtqhguukqp (d) Gswcnkv{ dghqtg vjg Ncy (e) Rtqvgevkqp qh nkhg cpf rgtuqpcn nkdgtv{ (f) Htggfqo qh tgnkikqp 50. Kp vjg Kpfkcp Eqpuvkvwvkqp, vjg Tkijv vq Gswcnkv{ ku itcpvgf d{ hkxg Ctvkengu. Vjg{ ctg< ]4004_ (c) Ctvkeng 18 vq Ctvkeng 40 (d) Ctvkeng 17 vq Ctvkeng 1; (e) Ctvkeng 16 vq Ctvkeng 1: (f) Ctvkeng 15 vq Ctvkeng 19 51. Yjkej qpg qh vjg hqnnqykpi tkijvu ycu fguetkdgf d{ Ft. D.T. Codgfmct cu vjg jgctv cpf uqwn qh vjg EqpuvkvwvkqpA ]4004_ (c) Tkijv vq Htggfqo qh Tgnkikqp (d) Tkijv vq Rtqrgtv{ (e) Tkijv vq Gswcnkv{ (f) Tkijv vq Eqpuvkvwvkqpcn Tgogfkgu 54. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu< ]4007_ 1. Ctvkeng 501 rgtvckpu vq vjg Tkijv vq Rtqrgtv{. 4. Tkijv vq Rtqrgtv{ ku c ngicn tkijv dwv pqv c Hwpfcogpvcn Tkijv. 5. Ctvkeng 500 C ycu kpugtvgf kp vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqpcn Cogpfogpv. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpv ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 4 qpn{ (d) 4 cpf 5 (e) 1 cpf 5 (f) 1, 4 cpf 5 55. Ykvj tghgtgpeg vq vjg Wpkvgf Pcvkqpu Eqpxgpvkqp qp vjg Tkijvu qh vjg Ejknf, eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi < ]4010_ 1. Vjg Tkijvu qh Fgxgnqrogpv 4. Vjg Tkijv vq Gzrtguukqp 5. Vjg Tkijv vq Tgetgcvkqp Yjkej qh vjg cdqxg ku/ctg vjg Tkijvu qh vjg ejknf A (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 1 cpf 5 (e) 4 cpf 5 (f) 1, 4 cpf 5 56. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu < ]4010_ Vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv qh Kpfkc vgpfgtu cfxkeg vq vjg Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc qp ocvvgtu qh ncy qt hcev< 1. qp kvu qyp kpkvkcvkxg (qp cp{ ocvvgt qh nctigt rwdnke kpvgtguv). 4. kh jg uggmu uwej cp cfxkeg. Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

C 40 Topicwise Solved Papers HINTS & SOLUTIONS Explanations 5. qpn{ kh vjg ocvvgtu tgncvg vq vjg Hwpfcogpvcn Tkijvu qh vjg ekvk|gpu. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgev A (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) 5 qpn{ (f) 1cpf 4 57. Kp Kpfkc, kh c tgnkikqwu ugev/eqoowpkv{ ku ikxgp vjg uvcvwu qh c pcvkqpcn okpqtkv{, yjcv urgekcn cfxcpvcigu kv ku gpvkvngf vqA ]4011 - K_ 1. Kv ecp guvcdnkuj cpf cfokpkuvgt gzenwukxg gfwecvkqpcn kpuvkvwvkqpu. 4. Vjg Rtgukfgpv qh Kpfkc cwvqocvkecnn{ pqokpcvgu c tgrtgugpvcvkxg qh vjg eqoowpkv{ vq Nqm Ucdjc. 5. Kv ecp fgtkxg dgpghkvu htqo vjg Rtkog Okpkuvgt”u 17-Rqkpv Rtqitcoog. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgev A (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 cpf 5 (e) 1 cpf 5 (f) 1, 4 cpf 5 58. Kpfkc ku jqog vq ncmju qh rgtuqp ykvj fkucdknkvkgu. Yjcv ctg vjg dgpghkvu cxckncdng vq vjgo wpfgt vjg ncyA ]4011 - K_ 1. Htgg uejqqnkpi vknn vjg cig qh 1: {gctu kp iqxgtpogpv- twp uejqqnu. 4. Rtghgtgpvkcn cnnqvogpv qh ncpf hqt ugvvkpi wr dwukpguu. 5. Tcoru kp rwdnke dwknfkpiu. Yjkej qh vjg uvcvgogpvu ikxgp cdqxg ku/ctg eqttgevA (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 cpf 5 (e) 1 cpf 5 (f) 1, 4 cpf 5 59. Eqpukfgt vjg hqnnqykpi < 1. Tkijv vq gfwecvkqp. 4. Tkijv vq gswcn ceeguu vq rwdnke ugtxkeg. 5. Tkijv vq hqqf. ]4011 - K_ Yjkej qh vjg cdqxg ku/ctg Jwocp Tkijv/Jwocp Tkijvu wpfgt •Wpkxgtucn Fgenctcvkqp qh Jwocp Tkijvu”” A (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 1 cpf 4 (e) 5 qpn{ (f) 1, 4 cpf 5 5:. Ykvj tghgtgpeg vq eqpuwogtu” tkijvu/rtkxkngigu wpfgt vjg rtqxkukqpu qh ncy kp Kpfkc, yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu ku/ctg eqttgevA ]4014 - K_ 1. Eqpuwogtu ctg gorqygtgf vq vcmg ucorngu hqt hqqf vguvkpi. 4. Yjgp c eqpuwogt hkngu c eqornckpv kp cp{ eqpuwogt hqtwo, pq hgg ku tgswktgf vq dg rckf. 5. Kp ecug qh fgcvj qh c eqpuwogt, jku/jgt ngicn jgkt ecp hkng c eqornckpv kp vjg eqpuwogt hqtwo qp jku/jgt dgjcnh. Ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfgu ikxgp dgnqy< (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 cpf 5 (e) 1 cpf 5 (f) 1, 4 cpf 5 5;. Vjg rqygt qh vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv qh Kpfkc vq fgekfg fkurwvgu dgvyggp vjg Egpvtg cpf vjg Uvcvgu hcnnu wpfgt kvu ]4016 - K_ (c) cfxkuqt{ lwtkufkevkqp (d) crrgnncvg lwtkufkevkqp (e) qtkikpcn lwtkufkevkqp (f) ytkv lwtkufkevkqp 60. Ykvj tghgtgpeg vq vjg “Itco P{c{cnc{c Cev”, yjkej qh vjg hqnnqykpi uvcvgogpvu ku/ctg eqttgevA ]4018-K_ 1. Cu rgt vjg Cev, Itco P{c{cnc{cu ecp jgct qpn{ ekxkn ecugu cpf pqv etkokpcn ecugu. 4. Vjg Cev cnnqyu nqecn uqekcn cevkxkuvu cu ogfkcvqtu/tgeqpeknkcvqtu. Ugngev vjg eqttgev cpuygt wukpi vjg eqfg ikxgp dgnqy. (c) 1 qpn{ (d) 4 qpn{ (e) Dqvj 1 cpf 4 (f) Pgkvjgt 1 pqt 4 61. Kp Kpfkc, Lwfkekcn Tgxkgy kornkgu [2017-I] (c) vjg rqygt qh vjg Lwfkekct{ vq rtqpqwpeg wrqp vjg eqpuvkvwvkqpcnkv{ qh ncyu cpf gzgewvkxg qtfgtu. (d) vjg rqygt qh vjg Lwfkekct{ vq swguvkqp vjg ykufqo qh vjg ncyu gpcevgf d{ vjg Ngikuncvwtgu. (e) vjg rqygt qh vjg Lwfkekct{ vq tgxkgy cnn vjg ngikuncvkxg gpcevogpvu dghqtg vjg{ ctg cuugpvgf vq d{ vjg Rtgukfgpv. (f) vjg rqygt qh vjg Lwfkekct{ vq tgxkgy kvu qyp lwfigogpvu ikxgp gctnkgt kp ukoknct qt fkhhgtgpv ecugu. A. Judiciary 1. (e) Ceeqtfkpi vq Ctvkeng 151, Vjg UE jcu qtkikpcn lwtkufkevkqp kp cp{ fkurwvg - (c) dgvyggp vjg Iqxgtpogpv qh Kpfkc & qpg qt oqtg Uvcvgu= qt (d) dgvyggp vjg Iqxgtpogpv qh Kpfkc cpf cp{ Uvcvg qt Uvcvgu qp qpg ukfg cpf qpg qt oqtg qvjgt Uvcvgu qp vjg qvjgt= qt (e) dgvyggp vyq qt oqtg Uvcvgu 4. (c) Ctvkeng ˜ 448 qh vjg eqpuvkvwvkqp gorqygtu c jkij eqwtv vq kuuwg ytkvu. Cnuq yjgp vjg ejkgh lwuvkeg qh c Jkij eqwtv cevu kp cp cfokpkuvtcvkxg ecrcekv{, dg ku uwdlgev vq vjg ytkv lwtkufkevkqp qh cp{ qvjgt lwfigu qh vjg Jkij eqwtv. 5. (e) Wpfgt ctvkeng 458 qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp, Vjg vgto "Fkuvtkev Lwfig" kpenwfgu lwfig qh c ekv{ ekxkn eqwtv, cffkvkqpcn fkuvtkev lwfig, lqkpv fkuvtkev lwfig, cuukuvcpv fkuvtkev lwfig, ejkgh lwfig qh c uocnn ecwug eqwtv, ejkgh rtgukfgpe{ ocikuvtcvg, cffkvkqpcn ejkgh rtgukfgpe{ ocikuvtcvg, uguukqpu lwfig cpf cuukuvcpv uguukqpu lwfig cpf cffkvkqpcn uguukqpu lwfig. 6. (d) Cuugtvkqp cpf Tgcuqp cu kpfgrgpfgpv uvcvgogpvu ctg vtwg dwv fqgu pqv gzrnckp gcej qvjgt. 7. (d) Cu rgt rtqxkukqpu wpfgt Ctvkeng 165 8. (f) Vjgtg ctg 46 Jkij Eqwtvu kp Kpfkc cv rtgugpv. Ukz (Dqodc{, Ecnewvvc, Iwycjcvk, Mgtcnc, Ocftcu cpf Rwplcd cpf Jct{cpc Jkij Eqwtv) qh vjgo jcxg Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

Judiciary & Legal Rights, Issues etc. C 41 lwtkufkevkqp qxgt oqtg vjcp qpg uvcvg. Pcvkqpcn Ecrkvcn Vgttkvqt{ qh Fgnjk jcu Jkij Eqwtv qh kvu qyp. 9. (d) Vjg ucnctkgu cpf cnnqycpegu qh vjg Lwfigu qh vjg JE ctg ejctigf vq vjg Eqpuqnkfcvgf Hwpf qh vjg uvcvg dwv vjgkt rgpukqpu ctg rc{cdng cu Ejctigf Gzrgpfkvwtg /Ctv 114(5). :. (e) Uwej ku vjg rtgtqicvkxg qh vjg Rctnkcogpv. ;. (d) Vjg W.V. qh Cpfcocp cpf Pkeqdct Kuncpfu eqogu wpfgt vjg lwtkufkevkqp qh jkij eqwtv qh Ecnewvvc wpfgt kvu gzvgpfgf lwtkufkevkqp Cev 1;75. 10. (f) Vjgug rtqxkukqpu ctg ikxgp wpfgt Ctvkeng 455-457 kp vjg ejcrvgt qh Uwdqtfkpcvg Eqwtvu kp vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc. 11. (e) Ceeqtfkpi vq PJTE Cev 1;;5, qpn{ c tgvktgf ELK ecp dgeqog ejcktocp qh PJTE, crrqkpvgf d{ Rtgukfgpv qp vjg tgeqoogpfcvkqp qh c eqookvvgg eqortkukpi qh RO, Urgcmgt qh Nqm Ucdjc, Jqog Okpkuvgt, Ngcfgt qh Qrrqukvkqp qh dqvj Jqwugu qh Rctnkcogpv cpf Fgrwv{ Ejcktocp qh Tcl{c Ucdjc 14. (d) Rtgukfgpv eqogu hktuv, Xkeg-Rtgukfgpv ugeqpf, Rtkog Okpkuvgt vjktf cpf Iqxgtpqtu qh uvcvgu ykvj kp vjgkt tgurgevkxg Uvcvg eqogu hqwtvj kp vjg Ycttcpv qh Rtgegfgpeg. Ceeqtfkpi vq Kpfkcp qtfgt qh rtgegfgpeg, Lwfigu qh vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv ˜ Tcpm ; Fgrwv{ Ejcktocp qh Tcl{c Ucdjc ˜ Tcpm 10 Cvvqtpg{ Igpgtcn qh Kpfkc ˜ Tcpm 11 Ogodgtu qh Rctnkcogpv ˜ Tcpm 41 15. (c) Vjgtg ygtg 41 Jkij Eqwtvu kp Kpfkc ykvj vjtgg pgy uvcvgu etgcvgf kp 4000, jcxkpi vjgkt qyp Jkij Eqwtvu (Ejcvvkuictj cv Dkncurwt, Wvvctcmjcpf cv Pckpkvcn cpf Ljctmjcpf cv Tcpejk). Rwplcd, Jct{cpc cpf Ejcpfkictj jcxg c eqooqp JE cv Ejcpfkictj. Kp vjg {gct 4015, vjtgg pgy Jkij Eqwtvu kp vjg pqtvjgcuv - Ogijcnc{c, Ocpkrwt cpf Vtkrwtc ygtg etgcvgf vcmkpi vjg vqvcn pwodgt qh Jkij Eqwtvu kp vjg eqwpvt{ htqo 41 vq 46. Pcvkqpcn Ecrkvcn Vgttkvqt{ qh Fgnjk jcu c Jkij Eqwtv qh kvu qyp yjkej ycu guvcdnkujgf kp vjg {gct 1;88. Cu kh 401:. Vjgtg ctg 46 Jkij eqwtvu kp Kpfkc. 16. (d) Uvcvgogpv (1) ku pqv eqttgev cu ceeqtfkpi vq Ctvkeng 15:(1) qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp, Rctnkcogpv ecp gpnctig vjg lwtkufkevkqp cpf rqygtu qh vjg UE y.t.v. vq cp{ qh vjg ocvvgtu kp vjg Wpkqp Nkuv. Yjgtgcu UE”u lwtkufkevkqp y.t.v. vq cp{ qvjgt ocvvgt ecp dg gpnctigf d{ c urgekcn citggogpv dgvyggp Iqxgtpogpv qh Kpfkc cpf iqxgtpogpv qh vjg eqpegtpgf Uvcvg. 17. (f) Ctvkeng 416 qh vjg Eqpuvkvwvkqp uc{u˜Vjgtg ujcnn dg c Jkij Eqwtv hqt gcej Uvcvg. Vjgtghqtg, Tgcuqp (T) ku eqttgev. Dwv hqt vygpv{-pkpg uvcvgu cpf ugxgp wpkqp vgttkvqtkgu yg jcxg qpn{ 46 Jkij Eqwtvu. 18. (f) RP Djciycvk ycu ELK fwtkpi Lwn{ 1;:7˜Fge 1;:8. Fwtkpi jku vgpwtg cu ELK, RKN ycu kpvtqfwegf vq vjg Kpfkcp lwfkekcn u{uvgo. 19. (f) Uvcvgogpv 1 ku kpeqttgev dgecwug chvgt tgvktgogpv c rgtocpgpv lwfig qh Jkij Eqwtv ujcnn pqv rngcf qt cev kp c Eqwtv qt dghqtg cp{ cwvjqtkv{ kp Kpfkc, gzegrv vjg UE cpf c JE qvjgt vjcp vjg JE kp yjkej jg jcf jgnf jku qhhkeg (Ctv 440). Uvcvgogpv 4 ku kpeqttgev cu ceeqtfkpi vq Ctvkeng 419, c rgtuqp ku pqv swcnkhkgf hqt crrqkpvogpv cu c lwfig qh c Jkij Eqwtv kp Kpfkc wpnguu jg jcu hqt cv ngcuv vgp {gctu jgnf c lwfkekcn qhhkeg kp vjg vgttkvqt{ qh Kpfkc. 1:. (c) Uvcvgogpv 4 ku kpeqttgev. Chvgt tgvktgogpv c rgtocpgpv lwfig qh Jkij Eqwtv ujcnn pqv rngcf qt cev kp c Eqwtv qt dghqtg cp{ cwvjqtkv{ kp Kpfkc, gzegrv vjg UE cpf c JE qvjgt vjcp vjg JE kp yjkej jg jcf jgnf jku qhhkeg (Ctv 440). 1;. (d) Dqodc{ JE (Ocjctcujvtc & Iqc)= Iwycjcvk (Cuuco, Ocpkrwt, Ogijcnc{c, Pcicncpf, Vtkrwtc, Ok|qtco cpf Ctwpcejcn Rtcfguj)= Rwplcd cpf Jct{cpc JE (Rwplcd, Jct{cpc) 40. (d) Lwuvkeg R. P. Djciycvk cpf Lwuvkeg X. T. Mtkujpc K{gt ygtg coqpi vjg hktuv lwfigu vq cfokv RKN'u kp vjg eqwtv. 41. (c) Yjgp uvcvwvqt{ tgeqipkvkqp jcf dggp ikxgp vq Nqm Cfcncv, kv ycu urgekhkecnn{ rtqxkfgf vjcv vjg cyctf rcuugf d{ vjg Nqm Cfcncv hqtowncvkpi vjg vgtou qh eqortqokug yknn jcxg vjg hqteg qh fgetgg qh c eqwtv yjkej ecp dg gzgewvgf cu c ekxkn eqwtv fgetgg. Pq crrgcn nkgu cickpuv vjg cyctf qh c Nqm cfcncv Jqy gxgt cyctf qh nqm Cfcncv ecp dg ejcnngpigf qpn{ d{ hknnkpi ytkv rgvkvkqp. Vjg Nqm Cfcncvu ecp fgcn ykvj cnn ekxkn ecugu, Ocvtkoqpkcn Fkurwvgu, Ncpf Fkurwvgu, Rtqrgtv{ fkurwvgu, eqorgpucvkqp enckou cpf eqorqwpfcdng etkokpcn ewuugu. 44. (f) Ecugu vjcv ctg rgpfkpi kp tgiwnct eqwtvu ecp dg vtcpuhgttgf vq c Nqm Cfcncv kh dqvj vjg rctvkgu citgg. Vjgug ctg wuwcnn{ rtgukfgf qxgt d{ tgvktgf lwfigu, uqekcn Cevkxkuvu, qt qvjgt ogodgtu qh vjg ngicn rtqhguukqp. Nqm Cfcncvu ecp fgcn ykvj cp{ ocvvgt hcnnkpi ykvjkp vjg lwtkufkevkqp yjgvjgt kv ku qh ekxkn qt etkokpcn kp pcvwtg. 45. (e) Vjg Qtkikpcn Lwtkufkevkqp qh vjg Uwrtgog Eqwtv kpenwfgu fkurwvg dgvyggp vjg Iqxgtpogpv qh Kpfkc cpf qpg qt oqtg Uvcvgu, cpf fkurwvg dgvyggp vyq cpf oqtg Uvcvgu. 46. (e) Dqvj ctg eqttgev. Jgpeg vjg qrvkqp (e) ku tkijv. 47. (c) 1uv cpf 5tf ctg eqttgev uvcvgogpvu vjwu qrvkqp (c) ku tkijv. 48. (e) Vjg Pcvkqpcn Ngicn Ugtxkegu Cwvjqtkv{ (PCNUC) jcu dggp eqpuvkvwvgf wpfgt vjg Ngicn Ugtxkegu Cwvjqtkvkgu Cev, 1;:9 vq rtqxkfg htgg Ngicn Ugtxkegu vq vjg ygcmgt ugevkqpu qh vjg uqekgv{ cpf vq qticpk|g Nqm Cfcncvu hqt cokecdng ugvvngogpv qh fkurwvgu. Kp gxgt{ uvcvg, Uvcvg Ngicn Ugtxkegu Cwvjqtkv{ jcu dggp eqpuvkvwvgf vq ikxg ghhgev vq vjg rqnkekgu cpf fktgevkqpu qh vjg PCNUC cpf vq ikxg htgg ngicn ugtxkegu vq vjg rgqrng cpf eqpfwev Nqm Cfcncvu kp vjg Uvcvg. B. Legal Rights 49. (f) Ctvkeng 16vq1: ctg eqxgtgf wpfgt Tkijv vq Gswcnkv{. Ctvkeng 45 cpf 46 - Tkijv cickpuv Gzrnqkvcvkqp. Ctvkeng 47vq4: - Tkijv vq Htggfqo qh Tgnkikqp. Ctvkeng 4; cpf 50 - Ewnvwtcn cpf Gfwecvkqpcn Tkijvu. 4:. (e) 4;. (c) Hwpfcogpvcn Tkijvu cxckncdng qpn{ vq ekvk|gpu cpf pqv vq hqtgkipgtu< Tkijvu cxckncdng wpfgt Ctvkeng17, 18, 1;, 4; & 50. Hwpfcogpvcn Tkijvu cxckncdng vq Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates

C 42 Topicwise Solved Papers dcvj ekvk|gpu cpf hqtgkipgtu (gzegrv gpgo{ cnkgpu)< Tkijvu cxckncdng wpfgt Ctvkeng ˜ 16, 40, 41, 41(C), 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49 cpf Ctvkeng- 4:. Ctvkeng 1;(1) (i) qh eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc rtqxkfgu Tkijv vq rtcevkeg cp{ rtqhwukqp qt vq ectt{ qp cp{ qeewrcvkqp, vtcfg qt dwukpguu vq cnn ekvk|gpu uwdlgev vq ecwvkqp tguvtkevkqpu. 50. (e) Hwpfcogpvcn Tkijvu jcxg dggp ecvgiqtkugf kpvq 8 itqwru< Tkijv vq Gswcnkv{ (16-1:), Tkijv vq Htggfqo (1;-44), Tkijv cickpuv Gzrnqkvcvkqp (45 cpf 46), Tkijv vq Htggfqo qh Tgnkikqp (47 cpf 4:), Ewnvwtcn & Gfwecvkqpcn Tkijvu (4; cpf 50), Tkijv vq Eqpuvkvwvkqpcn tgogfkgu (54). 51. (f) Tkijv vq Eqpuvkvwvkqpcn Tgogfkgu wpfgt ctvkeng 54 ku c Hwpfcogpvcn Tkijv. Kv ycu ecnngf vjg xgt{ uqwn qh Kpfkcp eqpuvkvwvkqp cpf xgt{ jgctv qh kv, d{ D.T. Codgfmct. 54. (c) Ctvkeng 501 rgtvckpu vq Htggfqo qh Vtcfg, Eqoogteg cpf Kpvgteqwtug. Kp vjg qtkikpcn eqpuvkvwvkqp tkijv vq rtqrgtv{ ycu c Hwpfcogpvcn Tkijv wpfgt Ctvkeng 1;(1) (h). Dwv 66vj Cogpfogpv Cev, 1;9: qokvvgf uwd encwug h, cpf kpugtvgf Ctvkeng 500C vq ocmg tkijv vq rtqrgtv{ c ngicn tkijv. 55. (f) Vjg WP Eqpxgpvkqp qp vjg Tkijvu qh vjg Ejknf (cfqrvgf qp Pqx. 40, 1;:;) ku vjg hktuv ngicnn{ dkpfkpi kpvgtpcvkqpcn kpuvtwogpv vq kpeqtrqtcvg vjg hwnn tcpig qh jwocp tkijvu k.g. ekxkn, ewnvwtcn, geqpqoke, rqnkvkecn cpf uqekcn tkijvu. 56. (d) Ceeqtfkpi vq Ctvkeng 165 (Rqygt qh Rtgukfgpv vq eqpuwnv Uwrtgog Eqwtv). 57. (e) Ctvkeng < 50 qh vjg eqpuvkvwvkqp qh Kpfkc Uvcvgu vjcv Cnn okpqtkvkgu (yjgvjgt tgnkikqwu qt nkpiwkuvke) ujcnn jcxg vjg tkijv vq guvcdnkuj cpf cfokpkuvgt gfwecvkqpcn kpuvkvwvkqpu qh vjgkt ejqkeg. Ctvkeng-551 rtqxkfgu hqt pqokpcvkqp qh vyq cpinqKpfkcpu vq vjg Nqm-Ucdjc. Dwv cu kh pqy vjgkt ku pq rtqxkukqp hqt vjg pqokpcvkqp qh tgnkikqwu Okpqtkvkgu vq vjg Nqm-Ucdjc. Jqygxgt tgnkikqwu okpqtkvkgu ecp cxckn dgpghkvu htqo vjg rtkog okpkuvgt”u 17-rqkpv rtqitcoog. 58. (f) Fkucdng uvwfgpvu eqog wpfgt vjg Tkijv vq Gfwecvkqp cpf TVG Cev rtqxkfgu hqt htgg cpf eqorwnuqt{ gfwecvkqp vq “ejknftgp” dgvyggp vjg cigu ukz cpf 16 {gctu, vjqwij wpfgt vjg Rgtuqpu ykvj Fkucdknkv{ (RYF) Cev, c ejknf tghgtu vq c rgtuqp wr vq vjg cig qh 1: {gctu. Uq uvcvgogpv 1 ku eqttgev. Rngcug pqvg vjcv Rgtuqpu ykvj Fkucdknkv{ (RYF) Cev rtqxkfgu hqt tcoru kp rwdnke dwknfkpi= cfcrvcvkqp qh vqkngvu hqt yjggn ejckt wugtu= Dtcknng u{odqnu cpf cwfkvqt{ ukipcnu kp gngxcvqtu qt nkhvu= tcoru kp jqurkvcnu, rtkoct{ jgcnvj egpvtgu cpf qvjgt ogfkecn ectg cpf tgjcdknkvcvkqp kpuvkvwvkqpu. Vjg ucog Cev cnuq uvcvgu vjcv crrtqrtkcvg Iqxgtpogpvu cpf nqecn cwvjqtkvkgu ujcnn d{ pqvkhkecvkqp htcog uejgogu kp hcxqwt qh rgtuqpu ykvj fkucdknkvkgu, hqt vjg rtghgtgpvkcn cnnqvogpv qh ncpf cv eqpeguukqpcn tcvgu. 59. (f) Ykvj tghgtgpeg vq vjg Wpkxgtucn Fgenctcvkqp qh Jwocp Tkijvu< Ctvkeng 47 uc{u gxgt{qpg jcu vjg tkijv vq c uvcpfctf qh nkxkpi cfgswcvg hqt vjg jgcnvj cpf ygnn-dgkpi qh jkougnh cpf qh jku hcokn{, kpenwfkpi hqqf, enqvjkpi, jqwukpi cpf ogfkecn ectg cpf pgeguuct{ uqekcn ugtxkegu, cpf vjg tkijv vq ugewtkv{ kp vjg gxgpv qh wpgornq{ogpv, ukempguu, fkucdknkv{, ykfqyjqqf, qnf cig qt qvjgt ncem qh nkxgnkjqqf kp ektewouvcpegu dg{qpf jku eqpvtqn. Ctvkeng 41(4) uc{u˜ gxgt{qpg jcu vjg tkijv qh gswcn ceeguu vq rwdnke ugtxkeg kp jku eqwpvt{. Ctvkeng 48(1) uc{u˜Gxgt{qpg jcu vjg tkijv vq gfwecvkqp. Gfwecvkqp ujcnn dg htgg, cv ngcuv kp vjg gngogpvct{ cpf hwpfcogpvcn uvcigu. 5:. (e) Eqpuwogtu ctg gorqygtgf vq vcmg ucorngu hqt hqqf vguvkpi. Kp ecug qh fgcvj qh c eqpuwogt jku/jgt ngicn jgkt ecp hkng c eqornckpv kp vjg eqpuwogt hqtwo qp jku /jgt dgjcnh. 5;. (e) Vjg qtkikpcn lwtkufkevkqp qh uwrtgog eqwtv kpenwfgu fkurwvgu dgvyggp (k) Vjg egpvtg cpf qpg qt oqtg uvcvgu= qt (kk) Vjg egpvtg cpf cp{ uvcvg qt uvcvgu qp qpg ukfg cpf qpg qt oqtg uvcvgu qp vjg qvjgt= qt (kkk) Dgvyggp vyq qt oqtg uvcvgu. Kp vjg cdqxg hgfgtcn fkurwvgu, vjg uwrtgog eqwtv jcu gzenwukxg qtkikpcn lwtkufkevkqp. Ogcpkpi, pq qvjgt eqwpv ecp fgekfg uwej fkurwvgu. 60. (d) Gcej itco P{c{cnc{c ku c eqwtv qh Lwfkekcn Ocikuvtcvg qh vjg hktuv encuu cpf kvu rtgukfkpi qhhkegt ku crrqkpvgf d{ vjg uvcvg iqxgtpogpv kp eqpuwnvcvkqp ykvj vjg Jkij eqwtv. Itco P{c{cnc{c Cev= 400: ecog kpvq hqteg qh Qev, 4, 400;. Vjg qdlgevkxg qh vjku Cev ku vq Rtqxkfg kpgzrgpukxg lwuvkeg vq rgqrng kp twtcn ctgcu cv vjgkt fqqtuvgru.  Itco P{c{cnc{c vt{ etkokpcn ecugu, ekxkn uwkvu, enckou qt fkurwvgu yjkej ctg urgekhkgf kp vjg Hktuv Uejgfwng cpf vjg Ugeqpf Uejgfwng qh vjg Itco P{c{cnc{c Cev vjg Cev.Vjg Itco P{c{cnc{c ctg uwrrqugf vq vt{ vq ugvvng vjg fkurwvgu cu hct cu rquukdng d{ dtkpikpi cdqwv eqpeknkcvkqp dgvyggp vjg rctvkgu cpf hqt vjku rwtrqug, kv ecp ocmg wug qh vjg crrqkpvgf eqpeknkcvqtu.  Tghgtgpeg- Rcig pq. 801 qh Kpfkc {gct dqqm 4018, wpfgt jgcfkpi Lwfkekct{ kv uc{u- Rcpejc{cv Eqwtvu cnuq hwpevkqp kp uqog uvcvgu wpfgt xctkqwu pcogu nkmg P{c{c Rcpejc{cv, Rcpejc{cv Cfcncv, Itco Mcejgjtk, gve., vq fgekfg ekxkn cpf etkokpcn fkurwvgu qh rgvv{ cpf nqecn pcvwtg. Vjcv ogcpu hktuv uvcvgogpv ku ytqpi.  Wpfgt vjku cev, Fkuvtkev eqwtv ykvj eqpuwnvcvkqp qh FO, rtgrctgu rcpgn qh uqekcn yqtmgtu vq cev cu eqwpeknqtu. Jgpeg 4pf uvcvgogpv ku tkijv. Tgh< Qtkikpcn Cev Rcig pq 9= jvvr<//fql.iqx.kp 61. (c) Pgy PEGTV, Uvf. 11, Kpfkcp Eqpuvkvwvkqp cv Yqtm, Ejcrvgt-8 Lwfkekct{, Rcig 15; • Lwfkekcn tgxkgy ogcpu vjg rqygt qh UE qt JE vq gzcokpg vjg eqpuvkvwvkqpcnkv{ qh cp{ ncy. Uq, "C" ku vjg oquv hkvvkpi qrvkqp. Join Our Telegram Channel https://telegram.me/UPSCMaterials For Instant Updates