gful/stf k/LIff tLg k|Zgsf pQ/ km]l/P ;g\ @)@! hgj/L @) b]lv gofF /fi6«klt hf] afO8]g (Joe Biden) tyf pk/fi6«klt sdnf Xofl/; (Kamala Harris) n] kbef/ ;DxfNg'ePsf] 5 . pxfFx? 8]df]qm\ofl6s kf6L{ (Democratic Party) sf tkm{af6 5flgg' ePsf] xf] . ;g\ @)@) gf]e]Da/df ePsf] lgjf{rgsf] kl/0ffdn] of] kl/jt{g u/]sf] xf] . To;}n] gful/stf lnFbf lbg] k/LIff -;g\ @))* ;+:s/0f_ sf] tof/L k':tssf k|Zgsf pQ/ km]l/Psf 5g\ . To;df ;g\ @))* ;+:s/0fsf k|Zg g+= @*, @( / $^ sf] hjfkm ablnPsf] xf] . o;sf ;fy} k|ltlglw–;ef (House of representative) sf] cWoIf (Speaker) df GofG;L knf];L (Nancy Pelosi) hgj/L #, @)@! df k'gM lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf] 5 . cWoIf;DaGwL k|Zg g+= $& / To;sf] pQ/ klxn] h:t} xf] . oxfF afFsL tLg k|Zg–pQ/sf] cg'jfbM oxfF s] a'‰g cfjZos 5 eg] gful/stfsf] k/LIffsf] @))* ;+:s/0fsf k|Zg @*, gfd s] xf] < à sdnf 8L= ≈ofl/; à sdnf ≈ofl/; à ≈ofl/; k|Zg / pQ/M c+u|]hLdf What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now? ;dfrf/– @ (News- 2) c+u|]hL zAbM !)) – # (English words: 100 - 3) hf]g lSjG;L P8D;\– $ (John Quincy Adams- 4) o; c+sdf s] s] < @)@! km]a|'c/L, jif{ !! c+s !$) gful/stfsf] k/LIffdf ;f]lwg] k|Zgx¿ -;g\ @))* ;+:s/0f_ sf] g]kfnL cg'jfbsf nflu cIfl/sfsf] cS6f]a/ @)!& sf] c+s -!)) cf}+ c+s_ x]g'{xf]nf . @( / $& gofF ;+:s/0f -@)@)_ df #*, #( / #) ePsf 5g\ eg] /fi6«kltsf] bn;DaGwL @))* ;+:s/0fsf] k|Zg $^ gofFdf 5}g . tn k|Zg gDa/;Fu} sf]i7sdf gofF ;+:s/0fsf] gDa/ lbOPsf] xf] . k|Zg g+= @* -#*_ k|Zg / pQ/M g]kfnLdf jt{dfg cd]l/sL /fi6«kltsf] gfd s] xf] <* à hf];]km cf/= afO8]g, h'lgo/ à hf] afO8]g à afO8]g k|Zg / pQ/M c+u|]hLdf What is the name of the President of the United States now?* à Joseph R. Biden, Jr à Joe Biden à Biden k|Zg g+= @( -#(_ k|Zg / pQ/M g]kfnLdf jt{dfg cd]l/sL pk–/fi6«kltsf] à Kamala D. Harris à Kamala Harris à Harris k|Zg g+= $^ -–_ k|Zg / pQ/M g]kfnLdf jt{dfg cd]l/sL /fi6«klt s'g bnsf x'g'x'G5 < à 8]df]qm\ofl6s -kf6L{_ k|Zg / pQ/M c+u|]hLdf What is the political party
@@)@! km]a|'c/L, jif{ !! c+s !$) of the President now? à Democratic (Party) k|Zg g+= $& -#)_ k|Zg / pQ/M g]kfnLdf k|ltlglw–;ef -xfp; ckm l/k|h]G6]l6E;\_ sf cWoIf jf ;efd'vsf] gfd s] xf] < à GofG;L knf];L à -GofG;L_ knf];L k|Zg / pQ/M c+u|]hLdf What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now? - Nancy Pelosi - (Nancy) Pelosi abln/xg] k|Zg gful/stf kl/Iffsf] k':tssf] cGTodf elgPsf] 5, …o; lstfadf ePsf hfgsf/L r'gfj tyf kb axfnLsf sf/0f km]l/g ;S5g\ . ;+o'Qm /fHo gful/stf tyf cWofudg r'gfj tyf kb axfnL eGgfn] /fi6«klt lgjf{rgkl5 /fi6«klt kb tyf pk/fi6«klt kbsf] axfnL, ;/sf/åf/f ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf k|wfgGofofwLzsf] lgo'lSt, k|wfgGofofwLz;Fu} ;jf]{Rrsf GofofwLzsf] ;+Vof, tkfO{+ a:g] /fHosf tkm{af6 lgjf{lrt l;g]6/ tyf k|ltlglw–;ef ;b:o, tkfO{+ a:g] /fHosf ueg{/ sf] x'g'x'G5 h:tf k|Zg tyf hjfkm k5{g\ . o'PgPrl;cf/ bds aGb ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3Lo z/0ffyL{;DaGwL pRrfof]u (UNHCR) sf] bds pkzfvf ;g\ @)@) l8;]Da/ #! df aGb ePsf] 5 . k"jL{ g]kfndf ! nfv a9L e'6fgL cfPkl5 k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/sf] cfu|xdf ;g\ !((@ df z/0ffyL{nfO{ ;+/If0f / ;xfotf k|bfg ug]{ g]t[TjbfoL lgsfosf ¿kdf o'PgPrl;cf/n] sf7df8f}+ /fli6«o zfvf / emfkf eb|k'/df pkzfvf :yfkgf u/]sf] lyof] . pSt sfof{no ;g\ !((( kl5 eg] eb|k'/af6 %) lsnf]ld6/ pQ/–klZrd bdsdf ;fl/of] . g]kfn / e'6fg !% k6s z/0ffyL{ jftf{df eP klg ;d:of ;dfwfgdf e'6fg pbf/ gb]lvPkl5 ljsNksf ¿kdf ;g\ @))& df t];|f] b]z k'gjf{;sf 9f]sf v'n]sf] lyof] . ! nfv !* xhf/ e'6fgLdWo] ! nfv !# xhf/ a9Ln] k'gjf{;sf] ljsNk :jLsf/]/ cd]l/sf, Sofg8f, 8]gdfs{, gj]{, g]b/Nof08, Go'lhNof08, ci6]lnof / a]nfotdf k'g:yflkt x'g'eof] . ;g\ @)!* df z/0ffyL{sf] t];|f] b]z k'gjf{; sfo{qmd aGb eof] . cem} klg emfkf bdssf] a]n8fFuL / df]/ªsf] zlgZr/] lzlj/df s/La ^ xhf/ a9L x'g'x'G5 . sof}+ t];|f] d'n's k'gjf{; c:jLsf/ ub}{ :jb]z lkmtL{sf] kIfdf cl8u x'g'x'G5 eg] s/La Ps xhf/ z/0ffk]IfL e'6fgLn] cem};Dd z/0ffyL{sf ¿kdf btf{ x'g'ePsf] 5}g . ljefu (U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services; USCIS) n] ;do–;dodf o; 5fkfnfO{ cBfjw ug{ x/k|of; ul//xg]5 .Ú cIfl/sfn] klg pSt hfgsf/L cBfjw ug]{5 . s/ bflvnf s/ bflvnfsf nflu lhDd]jf/ lgsfo OG6/gn /]leGo" ;le{; (Internal Revenue Service; IRS) n] ;g\ @)@) sf] s/ ;g\ @)@! km]a|'c/L !@ z'qmaf/b]lv bflvnf ug{ ;lsg] hgfPsf] 5 . s/ bflvnf ug]{ clGtd lbg clk|n !% xf] . pSt lbg;Dd a'emfpg g;Sg]n] Dofb yKg cg'/f]w ug{ ;Sg'x'G5 . o;/L Dofb yKg] df}sf kfPsf JolStn] cS6f]a/ !% ;Dddf ;g\ @)@) sf] s/ bflvnf ug'{k5{ . km]a|'c/L !@ b]lv s/ bflvnf ug]{n] dfr{ klxnf] ;ftfb]lv s/af6 kfpg] lkmtf{ /sd (tax return) xft kfg{ yfNg] klg pSt lgsfon] cfˆgf] ;"rgfdf pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . o;}u/L pSt lgsfon] ;jf/L– ;fwg k|of]u ug]{ JolSt jf ;+:yfn] kfpg] b'O{ vfn] b"/L– z'Ns÷ dfOn]h (mileage) b/ sd u/]sf] 5 . ;g\ @)@) df ePsf] Jofj;flos k|of]hgsf nflu tf]lsPsf] b/df !=% sd u/]/ %^ ;]G6\; k|lt dfOn u/]sf] 5 . of] ;g\ @)@! hgj/L ! df nfu' x'g] elgPsf] 5 . lrlsT;f, jf ;]gfdf sfo{/t JolStsf] a;fOF;/fOsf nflu ;g\ @)@) sf] b/df ! ;]G6 36fP/ !^ ;]G6\; sfod u/]sf] 5 . bfg;DaGwL ;+:yfsf] ;]jfsf nflu ul/g] ;jf/Lsf] b/ eg] !$ ;]G6\; oyfjt /fv]sf] 5 .
# @)@! km]a|'c/L, jif{ !! c+s !$) ;g\ @)@! hgj/L !! df ldl;l;kL (Mississippi) /fHon] gofF em08f -tNnf]_ u|x0f u/]sf] 5 . pSt em08fnfO{ …gofF rDkf (The New Magnolia)’ gfd lbOPsf] 5 lsgeg] o;df rDkf km"n 5 . ut gf]e]Da/df ePsf] lgjf{rgdf dtkqdf pSt em08f 5fGg /fo dfluPsf] lyof] . gofF em08fsf kIfdf ^* k|ltzt dt v:of] . gofF em08fsf /rgfsf/ snfsf/ /sL efg (Rocky Vaughan) x'g'x'G5 . ;ef;bn] ut h"gdf em08f km]g]{ k|:tfj kfl/t u/]sf lyP . ;g\ @))! sf] eg] /fHo:t/sf] lgjf{rgdf k'/fg} em08f sfod /fVg] kIfdf hgdt cfPsf] lyof] . cf};t cfo' 36\of] sf]le8sf sf/0f cd]l/sLsf] cf};t cfo' Ps jif{eGbf a9L 36]sf] 5 . ;g\ @)@) df ul/Psf] cWoogn] cf};t cfo' ! bzdnj !# jif{n] sd ePsf] 5 . k|f]l;l8ª\u\; ckm b g];gn Ps]8dL ckm ;fOG;]; (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences) gfds hg{nsf cg';f/ cd]l/sLsf] cfo' &&=$* jif{ ePsf] 5 . of] sdL $) jif{kl5 Ps jif{sf] cjlwdf 36]sfn] ePsf] xf] . ;g\ @)!%, @)!^ / @)!& df Psbd} sd )=! jif{n] sdL ePsf] lyof] . ;]K6]Da/ !! sf :yfgLo kLl8tsf] ;Demgfdf agfOPsf] :df/s Go'of]s{sf] tNnf] Dofgx6gsf] kf/Lk§L 5, t/ s'g zx/ glhs < c+u|]hL zAb ;"rL 100 c+u|]hLdf ;fwf/0f af]nrfn ug{ rflxg] sl/a # xhf/ zAbdWo]af6 Ps ;of}+ ;"rL -efu !))_ • everyone : gfd– ;a}, x/]s, k|To]s JolSt, ;a}hgf, hf]sf]xL . ljz]if0f– ;a} . ;j{gfd– k|To]s JolSt, x/]s, ;a}hgf, hf]sf]xL . • everything: ;j{gfd– ;a}, s'n, ;f/f, k|To]s, ;d:t, ;a}yf]s . • everywhere: lqmof–ljz]if0f– ;a}lt/, oqtq, ;j{q, hxfF klg, htftt}, hxfFtxL+ . • evidence: gfd– k|df0f, ;fIo, g':;f, ;fIfL, ujfxL, ;f5L, UjfxL, ;/hdLg, ;a't . lqmof– k|s6 ug'{, :ki6 kfg'{, ;flat ug'{ . • evil: gfd– v/fa, glgsf], ghftL, s'lT;t, kfkL, c;t], gf]S;fg, ljklQ . ljz]if0f– clgi6, b'i6, v/fa, cz'e, kfkL, xflgsf/s . lqmof–ljz]if0f– s'/Llt;Fu, kfk . • exact : ljz]if0f– oyfy{, 7Ls, x"–ax", b'?:t, v'b, Ho"FsfTo"F, sf6Ls'6L, eg]h:tf], ;xL, ;d'lrt, 7f];, z'4, ;ts{, lgbf]{if, kSsf, . lqmof– pk/ ug{', s/]Kg', ann] p7fpg', s/sfkn] pk/ ug{', h¿/L x'g', rf}v'¥ofpg', r'OFSofpg', sHofpg', bNg' . • exactly : lqmof–ljz]if0f– ;xL, jf:tddf, 7\ofSs}, oyfy{df, 7Ls7fs . • exaggerate : lqmof– a9fpg', -s'/f_ a9fP/ eGg', a9]r9] u/L -a9fOr9fO_ eGg', cTo'lQm ug{' . • exaggerated : ljz]if0f– cltzof]lStk"0f{, clt/l~ht . • exam / examine : lqmof– hfFRg', x]g{', s]nfpg', k/LIff ug{', ljrf/ ug{' . gfd– k/LIff, hfFr . • examination : gfd– k/LIff, hfFr, cfnf]rgf, vf]h, lg/LIf0f, cjnf]sg, d"Nofª\sg . • example: gfd– pbfx/0f, ld;fn, ghL/, gd"gf, b[i6fGt, cfbz{ . lqmof– pbfx/0f lbg' . qmdzM ldl;l;kLsf] gof“ em08f 6 dflysf] k'/fgf] -;g\ @))!–@)@)_ / tnsf] gof“ em08f -;g\ @)@!– _ .
$ la6 dfbf{dfb}{ wGojfb, o'PgPrl;cf/ o;a]nf wGojfbsf] kfq ag]sf] 5, o'PgPrl;cf/ . au]sf] vf]nfnfO{ ljkl/t lbzftkm{ nfg;Sg] ;Defjgf sd} x'G5 . p;n] ug{ ;Sb}gYof] . u/]g klg . o'PgPrl;cf/n] Pp6f vf]nfnfO{ pko'St uGtJo;Dd n}hfg lgs} ultnf] sfd u/]sf] dfGg'k5{ . p;sf klg ;Ldf lyP xf]nfg\, afWotf xf]nfg\ . ;a} kl/lwleq /x]/ o'PgPrl;cf/n] sl/a tLg bzs ;]jf u¥of] . o'PgPrl;cf/;Fu xfd|f u'gf;f xf]nfg\ . t/ o'PgPrl;cf/ cK7\of/f] a]nfdf cfpFbf w]/}n] ;~rsf] ;f; km]/]sf] la;{g'x'Gg . o; If0fnfO{ ;Dem]/ eP klg wGojfb lbg}k5{ . wGojfb @)@! km]a|'c/L, jif{ !! c+s !$) Editor: Rajesh Koirala, Advisors: Doug Hall, Sattan Acharya, Tara Acharya, Tika Acharya, and Bhagirath Khatiwada Building Community of NH, 530 Chestnut St., Manchester, NH 03101, Email: [email protected] k[i7 # sf] k|Zgsf] pQ/ h;L{÷hhL{ l;6L (Jersey city) . hf]g lSjG;L P8D;\ (John Quincy Adams) klxnf] /fi6«klt hf]g / >LdtL clau]n P8D;\ (Abigail Adams) sf 5f]/f hf]g lSjG;L P8D;\n] ;g\ !*@% b]lv !*@( ;Dd cd]l/sfsf] 5}6f}+ /fi6«kltsf ¿kdf ;]jf ug'{eof] . w]/} jif{sf] cjlwdf w]/} /fhgLlts bnsf] ;b:o, s"6gLlt1, l;g]6/, / k|ltlglw–;ef ;b:osf ¿kdf ;]jf klg ug'{eof] . pxfFsf] hGd ;g\ !&^& h'nfO{ !! df Dof;Ro';]6\; (Massachusetts) /fHosf] a|]G6«L (Braintree) df ePsf] xf] . pxfFn] kfl/jfl/s v]tLdfly k]G; lxn (Penn’s Hill) dflyaf6 aª\s/ lxnsf] o'4 (Battle of Bunker Hill) b]Vg'eof] . o'/f]kdf cfˆgf a'afsf] ;lrjsf ¿kdf, pxfF Ps s'zn efiffljb\ / 8fo/L /fVg] JolSt aGg'eof] . xfj{8{ sn]hsf] :gftskl5 pxfF jlsn x'g'eof] . @^ jif{] P8D;\ g]b/Nof08df b"t lgo'Qm x'g'eof], To;kl5 aln{g b"tfjf;df a9'jf eof] . ;g\ !*)@ df l;g]6df lgjf{lrt x'g'eof] . 5 jif{kl5 /fi6«klt Dofl8;gn] pxfFnfO{ ¿;sf] b"t lgo'Qm ug'{eof] . /fi6«klt df]G/f]sf] dftxtdf ;]jf ub}{, P8D;\ rlr{t ljb]zdGqLdWo] Ps x'g'eof] . ;g\ !*@$ df pxfFn] /fi6«kltsf] pDd]b\jf/L lbg' t eof] t/ s;}sf] ax'dt gcfPkl5 k|ltlglw–;efn] P8D;\nfO{ /fi6«klt 5fGof] . pxfn]F zx/x? hf]8\g] ;8s / gx/ ljsf;df hf]8 lbg'eof] . s+u|];n] 6]/]g . clGtddf pxfF ;L PG8 cf] gx/ (C & 0 Canal) agfpg] k|:tfj kfl/t ug{ ;kmn x'g'eof] . To;sf] sfd eg] ;g\ !*%) df dfq ;lsof] . ;g\ !*@* df bf];|f] sfo{sfnsf nflu pDd]b\jf/L lbg'eof] . t/ xfg'{eof] . ;g\ !*#) df lKnldy l8l:6«S6 (Plymouth district) sf hgtfn] ck|Toflzt ?kdf pxfFnfO{ k|ltlglw–;ef ;b:o 5fg] . ;g\ !*$* df k|ltlglw– ;efd} :6«f]ssf sf/0f 9n]sf P8D;\sf] @ lbgkl5 km]a|'c/L @# df lgwg eof] . zAb tyf tl:a/ ;|f]tM whitehouse.gov / cGo . pxfF zx/x? hf]8\g] ;8s / gx/sf] ljsf;df hf]8 lbg'x'GYof] . s+u|];n] pxfFnfO{ ;3fPg . clGtddf pxfF ;L PG8 cf] gx/ agfpg] k|:tfj kfl/t ug{ ;kmn x'g'eof] . /f]rs k|;+u à tl:a/ lvlrPsf klxnf] cd]l/sL /fi6«klt . à lktf / k'q /fi6«klt x'g] sf] hf]8L klxnf] . à hf]g lSjG;L P8D;\sL kTgL cyf{t\ k|yd dlxnf n'Ohf Sofly|g hg;g P8D;\ (Louisa Catherine Johnson Adams) sf] hGd a]nfotdf ePsf] lyof] . n'Ohf cd]l/sfdf ghGd]sL klxnf] k|yd dlxnf x'g'eof] .