Aksharica - 102 (अक्षरिका- १०२)

vfB ;/' IffM kl/jf/sf] ;'/Iff

;kmfOb]lv e08f/0f;Dd

@)!& l8;]Da/
jif{ * cs+ !)@

Aksharica photo archives

o; c+sdf s] s] < sxLns] fxL“ chL0f{ x'G5 . k6] Ps jif{df $ s/f8] *) nfv à sfFrf] tyf cfwf–kfss] f]
9':; km'N5 . afGtf xG' 5 . vfgfsf sf/0f ladf/ k5g{ \, ! c08fx¿ tyf sfFrf] c08f
(What is inside ?) kvfnf rN5 . o:tf nIf0fx? nfv @* xhf/ c:ktfn g} ld;fOPsf vfgfx¿ .
vfgfsf] ljiffSttfaf6 x'g] egf{ xG' 5g\, / # xhf/sf] d[To'
à vfB ;/' Iff / ljiffSttf============! nIf0f x'g\ . vfgfsf sf/0f x'g] xg' ] cgd' fg ;]G6;{ km/ l8lhh à sfFrf] 6';fx? .
o:tf ladf/÷ljiffSttfnfO{ sG6«f]n PG8 lke| G] ;g -l;l8;L_
(Food safety, and poisoning) c+uh]| Ldf km"8 KjfOhlgª (food n] u/s] f] 5 . o;af6 /f]uL– vfB ljiffSttfaf6 @ ;o
poisoning) elgG5 . la/fdL, j[4j[4f, ;fgf gfgL, / %) vfnsf ladf/ xG' 5g\ .
à hg;+Vof 36s] f /fHox¿===‍‍=======# ue{jtL a9L k|efljt x'G5g\ . o;sf d'Vo sf/sx?
vfgfsf] ljiffSttfaf6 AofS6]l/of, efO/;, / k/hLjL
(States with declining population) ;fdfGotofM xg' ] nIf0f oLg} xg' \M k|efljt xG' 5g\ . x'g\ . vfBfGgdf xg' ]
afGtf, Hj/f], kvfnf, chL0f{ vt/gfs ljif / /;fogn] klg
à ;g\ @)!* sf labfx¿==============# cflb . o;sf nflu vfB ;/' Iff s:tf] vfgf gvfg] < dflg;nfO{ ladf/ kf5g{ \ .
(food safety) af/] hfGg h?/L vfB ljiffSttfaf6 k|efljt
(Public holidays of 2018) x'G5 . vfB ;/' Iffsf nflu Ps jifd{ f $ s/f]8 *)
dV' o ?kdf /fvg–w/g, tof/L dflg;n] o:tf vfgf vfg] nfv vfgfsf sf/0f ladf/
à d xFM' ldl;ug /fHo================‍‍==$ / e08f/0fdf Vofn u/] k'U5 . an] fdf ;ts{ xg' k' 5{M k5g{ \, ! nfv @* xhf/
à sfFrf] tyf cfwf–kfs]sf] c:ktfn g} egf{ xG' 5g,\ / #
(I am state of Michigan) sf] a9L ke| fljt x'g;S5 < xhf/sf] d[To' x'g] cgd' fg
vfgfsf] ljiffSttfn] df;' / s'v'/fsf] df;' . ;G] 6;{ km/ l8lhh sG6«fn] PG8
à rNtLsf cu+ |]hL zAb ^&==========$ à kf:r/fOh ljlwaf6 tof/ lke| ]G;g (Centers for Disease
sdhf]/nfO{ g} bM' v lbG5 .
(Most common Eng. words 67) o;af6 /f]uL–la/fdL, j4[ j4[ f, gePsf h';x¿, b"w, bw" sf Control and Prevention; CDC)
;fgf gfgL, / ue{jtL a9L pTkfbgx¿ .
n] u/s] f] 5 .
afs“ L k[i7 @ df

@

vfBfGgsf] ljiffSttfaf6 aRg] rf/ sbd @)!& l8;D] a/, jif{ * cs+ !)@

usda.gov

cfkm" / kl/jf/nfO{ ;'/lIft /fVg'xf];\

;kmfO ;kmf ug{], 5'§ofpg], ksfpg] / tfkqmd -tftf_] df /fv]/
lr:ofpg] rf/ sbdsf lgod ksfpgk' 5{ . s'g} vfgf
xft / vfg]s'/f tof/ kfg{] kfngf ugf{n] vfBfGgaf6 xg' ] kfs] jf kfsg] g\ -kfl] nP jf
7fpF jf k|of]u ul/g] ;fdfgx? ljiffSttfaf6 cfkm" / cfgf] kfl] nPgg_\ eg]/ hfGg
;kmf x'gk' 5{, h;sf nflu kl/jf/sf] ;'/Iff ug{ ;lsG5 . …km'8 ydf]l{ d6/Ú -food ther-
af/Daf/ wf]O/xgk' 5{ . o;nfO{ vfB ;'/Iff elgG5 . mometer) ko| f]u ug{
à xftM ;lsG5 . o;n] 3f]r/] leqL
kvfNg' x'Fbg} . o;df ePsf efusf] tfkqmd gfKg ;lsG5 .
3/kfn'jf hgfj/ afs] k] l5, AofS6]l/of kmn} g] ePsfn]
zf}rfno uPkl5 jf 8fOk/ gkvfNg] ;Nnfx lbOPsf] lr:ofO
km]/]kl5, vfgs] /' f 5'g'cl3 / xf] .
kl5 @) ;s] ]08 tftf–] kfgL ahf/af6 lsg]/
/ ;fa'gn] xft w'gk' 5{ . 5'§ofO NofPkl5 w]/} ;do aflx/
à kmnkmn" / ;AhLM g/fvL vfBfGgx?nfO{
tfhf kmnkm"n / ;AhLx? vl/bf/Ldf k|of]u ug{] /]lk|mlh/6] /df /fVgk' 5{ . pa|]–
alu/xg] kfgLdf kvfNg–' 7]nfuf8L, emfn] f jf kfa]s| f] vfgf 5f]k/] jf a§fdf
k5{ . vfg gldNg] afq] mf /l] km| lh/]6/÷lk|mhdf kmnkm"n, aGb u/]/ /fVgk' 5{ . rfF8f]
/ 5fnf ePsf kmnkm"n / ;AhL, df5f–df;' cflb 5'§f5'§} lr;f] kfg5{' eg] ulx/f] efF8f]df
;AhLx? klg kvfNg'k5{ . /fVg'k5{ . /fVg'k5{ . csf{]k6s vfgk' bf{
s8f vfnsf] af]qmf ePsf à rlkª\u af]8÷{ crfgfM] !^% l8u|L kmx/g] xfO6 jf &$
kmnkmn" / ;AhL ldlrldlr l8uL| ;]lG6u]8| ttfpgk' 5{ .
;kmf ug'{k5{ . o:tf df5f–df;' sf6]kl5 rSs' /
kmnkmn" / ;AhL ;kmf ubf{ rlkª\u af]8{ ;kmf /]lkm| lh/6] /sf] tfkqmd $)
ljz]if vfnsf] a'?z klg ugx{' f];\ . To;df klg ;AhL l8u|L kmx/]gxfO6eGbf sd
ko| f]u ug'{k5{ . jf kmnkmn" / df5f–df;' /fVgk' 5{ .
à vfgs] /' f tof/ kfg]{ 7fp“M sf6s6' kfg{ km/s crfgf] à ;8\g ;Sg] vfgf
vfgf ksfpgcl3sf] tof/L ko| f]u ug'{xf];\ .
;lsPkl5 ;kmf ug'{k5{ . à /l] km| lh/]6/÷lkm| hdf km/sM df5f–df;,' c08f, tfk] m,"
vf;u/L t/sf/L sf6s'6 df5f–df;', ;fu–;AhL, rfprfp÷kf:tf, eft, ksfPsf
ug{] crfgf÷] tvtf -chop- kmnkm"n, bw" cflb km/s– t/sf/Lx¿, tfhf tfl5Psf jf
ping board; rlkª\u af]8{_, km/s 7fpFdf /fVg'– sfl6Psf kmnkm"n tyf t/sf/L,
efF8fsF'8f, rSs,' xf;] \ . vf;u/L sg' } vfg] bw" sf pTkfbgx¿ cflb rfF8f]
tof/Lsf nflu ko| f]u ug{] s'/f rl' xP/ c?df ;8g\ ;S5g\ .
7fpF vf;u/L efG;fsf] l8n gldl;of];\ eGgsf o;f] à bO' { 306] lgod
-counter top; sfpG6/ 6k_ ugk{' 5{ .
cflb tftf]–kfgL / ;fag' n] ;8\g;Sg] vfBfGgnfO{
;kmf ug'{k5{ . ksfO lr:ofpg'xf];\, lsgeg] sf7] fsf]
tfkqmddf vfBfGg bO' { 3G6f–
sg' } klg sfFrf] df;' eg] vfg]s'/fnfO{ cfjZos eGbf sd ;do dfq /fVg' /fdf| ]
xf] . o;nfO{ b'O{ 306] lgod
(two-hour rule) elgG5 .

#

@)!& l8;]Da/, jif{ * c+s !)@

cf7 /fHodf hg;+Vof 36\of]

cdl] /sL hg;+Vof ljefusf] /fHo / 36]sf] hg;+Vof
cg'dfgcg;' f/ hn' fO{ @)!^
b]lv h'nfO{ @)!& aLr * != Olngf]o (Illinois)
/fHosf] hg;+Vof 36s] f] ========================== ## xhf/ & ;o #
5 . olb cg'dfgx¿ ;fFrf]
eof] eg] of] #) jif{df klxnf] @= j]:6 elh{lgof (West Virginia)
k6s w]/} /fHodf lgjf;L ========================== !@ xhf/ & ;o *)
u'dfPsf] klxnf]k6s xg' ]5 .
#= jfof]ldª\u (Wyoming)
o;cl3 ;g\ !(*^ / ========================== % xhf/ % ;o (%
!(*& sf] Ps jif{df o;/L
cf7 /fHon] afl;Gbf ud' fPsf $= n'Olhofgf (Louisiana)
lyP, hltan] f t]nsf] dN" o ========================== ! xhf/ * ;o @$
lgs} 36]sf] lyof] .
%= cnf:sf (Alaska)
cfO8fxf] (Idaho) df b|t' ========================== ! xhf/ & ;o @&
ultdf hg;+Vof eg] a9s] f]
5 . To;kl5 g]ef8f (Ne- ^= ldl;l;kL (Mississippi)
vada), o6' f (Utah), jfl;ª–\ ========================== ! xhf/ # ;o !%
u6g (Washington), ˆnf]l/8f
/ Pl/hfg] fsf] a9]sf] 5 . &= xjfO{ (Hawaii)
========================== ! xhf/ ! ;o $%

*= gy{ 8sf]6f (North Dakota)
======================================= ! ;o %%

xjfO{, n'Olhofgf / gy{ 8sf6] fsf] bzsdf klxnf]k6s o;/L
hg;+Vof 36]sf] xf] .

;g\ @)!* sf d'Vo labfx¿

;g\ @)!* z'? x'g nfu]sf] hgj/L !, ;f]daf/ ============ gofF jif{ (New Years Day)

5 . ;f+:s[lts jf wflds{ – hgj/L !%, ;f]daf/ ========= dfl6g{ n'y/ lsªu\ 8] (MLK Day)

afx]s cGo ;ah} ;f] cdl] /sL kma] c'| /L !(, ;fd] af/ ========= /fi6k« lt lbj; (President’s Day)

;fjh{ lgs labfx? ;f]daf/ d] !#, cfOtaf/ ================ db;{ 8] (Mother’s Day)
labf xfO] g
/flvPsf] 5 .

oxfFsf] …kmfb;{ d] @*, ;fd] af/ ================= ddfl] /on 8] (Memorial Day)

8]Ú / …db;{ 8]Ú df labf lbg] hg" !*, cfOtaf/ ============ kmfb;{ 8] (Father’s Day)
labf xfO] g
rng 5}g . oL b'O{ rf8

g]kfnL rngsf] aa' fsf] dv' hn' fO{ $, a'waf/ ============= :jtGqtf lbj; (Independence Day)

x]g]{ / cfdfsf] d'v x]g]e{ Gbf ;]K6]Da/ #, ;f]daf/ ========= n]a/ 8] (Labor Day)

km/s 5g\ . cS6fa] / *, ;f]daf/ ======== sfn] Da; 8] (Columbus Day)

Yofª;\ luleª\u / lqm;d;sf] gfe] ]Da/ !@, ;f]daf/ ====== e6] ]/G; 8] (Veterans Day)

ef]lnkN6 klg w/] } 7fpFdf labf gfe] D] a/ @@, lalxaf/ ====== Yofª\;luleªu\ (Thanksgiving)

lbOG5 . o; jif{sf labf o; gf]eD] a/ @#, zq' maf/ ====== Yofª;\ luleªu\ sf] efn] LkN6 labf

ks| f/ 5g\M l8;]Da/ @%, d+unaf/ ====== lqm;d; (Christmas)

$

ldl;ug @)!& l8;D] a/, jif{ * cs+ !)@

(Michigan)

d ldl;ug /fHo x'F . o; /fHonfO{ 5f]6s/Ldf MI of] cd]l/sfsf] !! cf}+ 7"nf]
ldl;ug, cd]l/sfsf] dWo– n]lvG5 . /fHo xf] . o;sf] If]qkmn
(& xhf/ & ;o !^ ju{
klZrdL tyf tfnx?sf] nnn dfOn -@ nfv %) xhf/
If]qsf] /fHo xf] . $ ;o (# ju{ lsnf]ld6/_
ldl;ugsf] j]a;fO6 www.
ldl;ugsf] /fhwfgL michigan.gov xf] . 5.
NoflG;ª (Lansing) / 7"nf]
zx/ 8]6«f]o6 (Detriot) xf] . nnn nnn

nnn ldl;ugdf *# j6f ldl;ugsf]
sfpG6L (county) 5g\ . hg;V+ of (( nfv
ldl;ugsf] pQ/tkm{ ^@ xhf/ # ;o !!
Sofg8f, blIf0fdf OlG8ofgf nnn 5 . w]/} hg;+Vof
(Indiana), / cf]xfof] (Ohio), ePsf /fHodWo] of]
blIf0f–klZrddf lj:sfG;g la6 dfbfd{ fb}{
(Wisconsin), afFsL Olngf]o !) cf}+ xf] .
(Illinois), / ldg];f]6f (Min- vfgfsf] csf{] kf6f]
nesota) /fHosf] hnIf]q 5 . nnn
vfgfn] arfp5F . vfgfn]
nnn 7"nf tfn -x?_ df5{ . vfgf;uF csf]{ vfgf
/fHo (The Great Lake(s) ldl;of] eg] slxns] fxLF vfgfsf
sf/0f x'g] ljiffSttf ePsf]
State) sf pkgfdn] kfOG5 .
lrlgG5 .
o:tf] cj:yf z/L/df
nnn kfgLsf] dfqf sd x'g glbg'
/fdf| ] x'G5 . Soflkmg ePsf ko]
cu+ ]h| L zAb ;r" L 67 -lrof, skmL_, /S;L, b"w cflb
glkPs} /fd|f] . g/d vfnsf
c+uh|] Ldf ;fwf/0f af]nrfn ug{ rflxg] sl/a # xhf/ zAbdWoa] f6 ;t;67\ Lcf}+ ;"rL -efu ^&_ ;fwf vfgf vfP /fdf| ] . d;nf
xfns] f,] tf/s] f] vfgfaf6 6f9f
• delegate: ;'sd' f/, /Do, lgkm/, dgf]/d, aRrf hGdfpg] sfddf d2t a;]sf] /fd|f] . o;n] ysfO a9L
nfUg] ePsfn] cf/fd ug'k{ 5{ .
lqmof– s;n} fO{ k|ltlglwTj cfgGbbfos, :jflbi6, ?lrs/, ug',{ hGd lbg', atfpg,' efif0f
olt ;fjwfgL ubfu{ b}{
ug{ k7fpg', kl| tlglw agfpg,' k|jL0f, sz' n, ;I' d, xNsf, gd,| ug{,' k|s6 ug',{ JoSt ug{' . x'g;S5 eg] ;Sbf] rfF8f] 8fS6/L
kT| ofoS' t ug{', clwsf/ ;D' kg' . zfnLg . ;Nnfx eg] lng'k5{ .
gfd– kl| tlglw, kT| ofo'St, • demand:
• delight: hLjg hlt cfw'lgstf;Fu
;b:o, 8]lnu]6 . gfd– cfjZostf, dfu, rfxf, laTg yfN5, o:tf ;d:of
gfd– k;| Ggtf, d+un, dHhf, h?/t, clwsf/oS' t dfu, plQs} a95\ g\ . To;}n] l;Sg]
xs, cleofrgf, bfaL, kf| y{gf, sfd g/f]sf+} .
• deliberate: ;Gt'li6, cfgGb, pNnf;, ;'v, lh1f;f, cg/' fw] .
;v' b j:t', cfgGbbfos jf lqmof– dfu ug,'{ dfUg', rfxgf wGojfb
ljzi] f0f– hfgfhfgL, ;fr] ljrf/ cfNxfbkb| j:t', vz' L, xif{ . ug,{' cleofrgf ug',{ bfaL ug'{,
u//] ePsf], ;f2] Z] o, hfgLae' mL lqmof– v'zL xg' ' jf kfg{',
u/s] f], ;'ljrfl/t, ljdi[ 6, cfgGb lbg' jf lng,' k;| Gg cfux| ug',{ cfjZostf x'g,'
;'ljdlzt{ , ;:' t, dGb ultsf] . kfg{' jf x'g,' cfNxflbt xg' ' .
lqmof– ;fr] ljrf/ ug'{, ljrf/ cfux| k"j{s ;f]Wg', cg/' fw] ug,{'
ljdz{ ug',{ ljrf/ ljlgdo ug,'{ • deliver:
kofn{ f]rg ug'{ . lh1f;f /fVg' .
lqmof– ;fdfg cflb a'emfpg' jf
• democracy:

• delicate: k¥' ofpg,' ljt/0f ug'{, bflvnf gfd– kh| ftGq, hgk|ltlglwåf/f
ug{', ;D' kg,' lbg', ck0{ f ug{,'
ljz]if0f– sfd] n, sdhf]/, /Iff ug,{' arfpg', d'St ug,'{ ul/g] zf;g, nf]stGq .
gfhs' , dn' fod, ;+j]bgzLn,
qmdzM

Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Advisors : Doug Hall, Sattan Acharya, Tara Acharya, Tika Acharya, and Bhagirath Khatiwada
Bhutanese Community of New Hampshire, 510 Chestnut Street, Manchester, NH 03101, Email: [email protected]