Modul Bahasa Inggris XII

After studying this chapter, you will be able to:
 Imitate a dialog based on the recording
 Find detailed information
 Repeat sentences
 Know the purpose of instructions or suggestions
 Be aware of other cultures when giving instructions and

suggestions.
 Find solutions for problems
 Give tips for giving advice
 Find specific information from reading passages
 Find detailed information from reading passages
 Write a letter about giving suggestions based on an example.
 Analyze the pattern of 'if' clauses
 Write if dauses based on pictures
 Write if clauses
 Complete a dialog using 'if' dause.
 Make a resolution
 Engage in self-reflection about difficulties in giving instrictions of

suggestions asing if clauses

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SHARE YOUR EXPERIENCE

1. Look at the pictures. Provide ten words to describe each
pictures.
a.
diaphanous, beautiful, calm,
……………………………
……………………………
……………………………
……………………………

b. ……………………………
……………………………
……………………………
……………………………
……………………………

c.
……………………………
……………………………
……………………………
……………………………
……………………………

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1. Read the dialogue below and then practice the interview with
your friend.
A seniorhigh school student, Rodrasa, was impressed by
Songklod's activities. Rodradsa interviewed Songklod in a TV
studio. This is the interview.
Rodradsa : Good morning, Songklod.
Songklod : Good morning.
Rodradsa : Thank you for coming to our studio. We would like to
ask you a few questions. I hope you'll enjoy our
interview.
Songklod : I'll try my best to answer your questions.
Rodradsa : Okay.Songklod, this is the first question. Why do you
do batik painting?
Songklod : Hmm.... You know, after escaping death in the
tsunami, I took solace in batik painting. It helps me
heal and blot out the bad memories.I feel relaxed
every time I splash bright colors on the cloth
canvases.
Rodradsa : Oh...that's great. Viewers, Songklod is one of the lucky
survivors of the tsunami in 2004. He was seven years
old when the giant tsunami hit his region. Songklod,
would you tell us about your condition before batik
painting?
Songklod : Losing our house and seeing my parents lose their jobs
really depressed me. But, batik painting helps me calm
myself down. It slowly increases my concentration and
now I feel much better because of it.
Rodradsa : Wow... thať's a very helpful activity. So viewers, if you
want to improve your concentration, why don't you
study batik painting?
Songklod : And if you want to cheer up your friends, encourage
them to join a challenging program. You know, there
is a collaborative program between UNICEF and the
Ministry of Education's Non-Formal Education
Department. At the beginning, it was an activity to
facilitate psycho-. social recovery of children and
young people living at the Nong Kok temporary
shelter, a home to over 70 households from Phi Phi
Island.

45

Rodradsa : Unless we experience batik painting, we won't believe
that a new life. can be restored through art. Thank you
very much, Songklod, for your presence. I hope you'll
achieve further success in the future. Good luck.

Songklod : You're welcome.

Remember!

 'If/Unless' clauses can be used to suggest, advise, state
general truths, and announce something.

 A clause is a group of words consisting of a subject and a
verb

Examples:

 If you want to improve your concentration, why don't you
study batik painting?

 If you want to cheer up your friends, encourage them to join
a challenging program.

 If you ask me what I have learned about life, I will say 'a lot
and not much' since it is what I have learned about people in
my life that counts.

 Unless you study seriously, you won't be able to improve
your skills.

 Unless you get 76, you have to take a remedial program.

2. Read the text. What is probably the problem? Think about a
solution and give some advice, suggestions, or information.
Getting around big cities in
Indonesia can get frustrating at
times due to crazy traffic. We know
for a fact that there are many
motorbikes that overtake you on
both sides. The motorcyclists seem
proud if they can do it on really
narrow roads suited for just 1 car.
The roads can actually fit two cars but they look narrower because
of the number of motorbikes. Going anywhere, at least for me, as I
come from a small village, is really a big challenge. Thankfully, big
citiesa now have online transportation. I found out about this service

46

from my nephew, nd I thought, why not give it a go? And that's
exactly what I did.

Problem
………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………

Solution
a. If …………………….., why don’t we ….……………………..
b. If ……………………., create ………….……………………..
c. Unless ………………….., we can …………., we should …….

Information

a. I will ………………….., if ……………………………………
b. If you ……………………, install …………………………….

CULTURAL AWARENESS

Advising Someone

We feel greatly honored when our friends ask fore our advice,

but we should think hatitis also a big responsibility Good

advice can help people make e should thng ihile bad advice can

have disastrous consequences in their lives.

Here are some tips on how to give advice to our friends.

Before giving advice, ensare that he or she is asking for advice.

Some people talk about their problems not In gel some pieces

of advice, but to have someone listen to them. As a friend, you

should listen to him/her attentively.You also need to listen to

him/her finishing the dory: Later, if he/she asks you for your

advice, you should give it.

(“How to Give People Advice," n.d:)

3. Complete the following sentences with some tips on giving

advice to our friends.
a. If your friend asks for advice, …………………………………
b. If giving advice is a big responsibility, …..…………………….
c. If we understand our friend's problem, ………………………..
d. If your friend wants you to be a good friend, …………………

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Remember!

The Use of Conditional Sentences to Advise and Suggest Something

 In conditional causes with 'if' clauses or the word 'unless,' we often
use the present tense forms to advise or suggest something.

 We normally use 'will' in the result clauses.
1 And if you act that way, you will begin to feel that way!
2 If ou don't have enough time to join the course, tutorial
videos will guide and help you.
3 Unless we experience batik painting, we won't believe that a
new life can be restored through art.

 'If' dauses and clauses with the word 'unless' can be followed by
imperative statements
1 If you worry too much and don't have enough confidence to
face the world,lighten up!
2 If you want to chver up your friends, encourage them to join
a challenging program

 'If' dauses and clauses with the word 'unless' can also be
followed with lauses vlarted with 'why don't.
1 If you want to relax, why don't you study batik painting?
2 If you want to improve your concentration, why don't you
study batik painting?

4. Read the sentences below. Write the patterns in the following
table. See the example.
a. If you want to be more creative, why don't you join the club?
b. If you are a good citizen, obey the rules!
c. Unless the school keeps the environment clean, we won't win any
awards next year.
d. The local authority should enlarge the forest in the city if they
want to reduce pollution in the city.
e. If you ride a bike early in the morning, don't forget to wear a
jacket!

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S+P why don’t Subject Predicate
(present) you
Study batik
you want to painting.
relax

you want to you get a free
earn some course.
If cash to help
your family
and pay your
tuition fees,

you study you won’t be
seriously, able to
improve
Unless your skills.

5. Complete the following dialogs with an (if) or (unless) clause
followed by advice, a suggestion, or information.

a. Man : What time are you going to leave for Medan?
Woman : Well, the plane is supposed to take off at 8:20, but it
looks like it is going to be delayed due to the bad
weather.
Man : If you don't want to make your parents worry, why ……...

b. Man : What time are we going to check-out?
Woman : The check-out time is 1 pm, but we are going to do a
late check-out.
Man : If you agree, let's ………………………………..

c. Man : Do you believe in superstitions?
Woman : Yes. Why are you asking me?
Man : Well, you are walking under a ladder. You should not
walk under a ladder if ………………………….

49

d.Man : Don't eat that fish! It's dangerous.
Woman : Dangerous? How do you know?
Man : Read that sign! If you eat fish from the river, …………

50

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After studying this chapter,you will be able to:

 Listen to various types of manual instruction
 Read to find the gist of the text and the detailed information
 Read aloud some tips or manual instructions with the correct

pronunciation and intonation
 Rewrite a tip
 Identify the purpose, structure, and the language elements of

procedure texts
 Use certain language elements of procedure texts to create tips of

the day and manual instructions
 Compare the differences between the tips of the day and the

manual instructio
 Demonstrate tips of the day or manual instruction in spoken text
 Engage in self reflection about the difficulties of understanding

tips of the d and manual instruction

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SHARE YOUR EXPERIENCE

What instructions do you usually hear when using this devices?

Cable Phone ATM
…………………………………… ………………………………………
…………………………………… ………………………………………
…………………………………… ………………………………………

1. Rearrange the pictures according to the correct steps.

The best arrangement is : …………, ………….,…………,…………,…………,………,

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2. Read this text carefully and answer the questions.

HOW TO FRY THE FISH IN THE PAN
Heat the oil for the first after you pour the oil into
the pan and rekindle the stove.

Put the fish that have given spice after the oil
heated.

Wait untill the fish are cooked. Beside it, you
have to flip through the fish, in order its cooked
equally.

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Pick the fish up and drain it well after it already
cooked.

Finally the fish already to be served with
special sauce.

a. What is the text about?
b. What is the purpose of the text?

c. Who will probably need read this text?
d. What is the first preparing before you fry the fish?
e. What will you do beside you wait the fish cooked?
f.
g. What do the underlined words refer to ?

- Beside it, you have to flip through the fish
- and drain it well
3. Read the following text and decide wether the statements are

True (T) or False (F).

55

1) A printer requires maintenance.Good maintenance will

determine how long your inkjet or laser printer will be in use.

Clean the outside part of the printer once a week with soft,

water or alcohol wetted cloth.Wipe away the dust,the dirt,

animal hair and other contaminates. Do not use stronger

cleaners if you don't want your printer case to get damaged.

2) Remove the toner cartridge carefully.Clean the gears and

rollers along the paper path.

3) Using a sall portable vacuum, clean the dirt and the dust from

the inside of your printer.

4) Rock the cartridge gently from side to side. This will evenly

distribute the ink in the cartridge. Good distribution of ink will

help prolong your cartridge.

Statement True or False
a It is advisable not to clean printers

with hard cloth.
b You have to rock the cartridge to

distribute the ink evenly in the
cartridge.
c Even if you don't follow the tips
well, your printer will be prolonged.
d To clean the outside part of the
printer, use alcohol.

Remember!

Procedure Text
The social function of a procedure text:
To tell how something is accomplished through a sequence of
actions or steps.

The text organization of procedure text:
 Goal
 Materials (not required for all procedural text)
 Steps (a series of instructions oriented to achieving the goal)

Language Features:
To compose a procedure text, you will need the use of:

56

Present Tenses (imperatives and action verbs)
e.g. : Crack an egg into a bowl.
Draw a smaller circle on colored paper.
Adjectives to form Noun Phrases
e.g. : a small circle, fresh red chili, big green apples
Numbers to show the sequences (gambits of actions in order)
e.g. : 1, 2, 3,4, 5.....

first, second, third, ......
At first, then, next ', finally..

ELEMENTS OF PROCEDURE TEXTS

A. IMPERATIVES
a. Imperative sentences to give instructions

Start instructions with the infinitive without 'to' form.
e.g.: Check…………

Collect………...
Buy……………
b. Negative imperative to show that something is not allowed to
be done.
eg.:Don't litter………………………
Don't break……………………..
Don't blow the candles…………..

B. MUST and MUSTN'T
We use (must) to say that something is necessary to be done.
e.g.: You must go now or you'll be late.
The doors must be locked, otherwise a thief will break into
your house.
We use (mustn't) to say that something is not allowed to be
done.
e.g.: She mustn't say such a thing to older people. It is impolite.
Visitors mustn't feed the animals in the zoo.

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C. ADVERBS

An adverb is a word that qualifies the meaning of verbs,
adjectives, or other adverbs. Adverbs typically answer questions
such as how? in what why? when? where? and to what extent?

An adverb is often an adjective + (-ly) such as slowly, suddenly,
strongly, etc. An adverb provides information about the manner,
place, time, frequency, degree or other circumstances.

Adverbs of Adverbs of Adverbs of Adverbs of
manner place time frequency
 Always
 Slowly  Nowhere  Yesterday  Nearly
 Fast  Somewhere  Two days  Sometimes
 Hard  At the  Hardly
 Beautifully later  Often
 Strongly market  At 5
place
 In the dark o’clock
 Upstairs  In spring
 From the  In
marlket
February
 In 1994
 After/

before
1987

4. Read the following manual instruction and the tips of treating a
washing machine.
WASHING PROCEDURE
1. Cotton is the default setting
 Start by pressing the Power button.
 Press the start button.
 Initial condition
-program : cotton
-wash : main wash
-rinse : 3 times
-spin :800
-water temperature : 40C

58

2. Manual selection
 Press the Power button to start.
 Select the conditions which you want to use by turning the
program dial and pressing each button.
 Press the start button.

Tips to Treat A Washing Machine Well.
 Avoid using or storing flammable fluids (such as: kerosene,

gasoline, dry-cleaning, solvents,etc.) in or near your
washing machine.
 Do not use ammonia or acid and chlorine bleach in the same
wash. It can cau hazardous fumes.
 Unplug the power supply cord if you want to service your
washing machine.
 To avoid electric shock, use a metal pipe for the ground
connection
 Do not spray water on the control panel of the washing
machine as it could cause fire or electric shock.
 Turn off the water supply valve whenever the washing
machine is not in use.
 Once you start a cycle, do not reach into the washer until all
motions stop.
 Do not install the washing machine at a place of extremely
high humidity. It could cause a fire or electric shock.

Remember!

Manual may mean:
 instructions,
 user guide,
 owner's manual,
 instruction manual(gaming), or
 online help.

Instruction(s) may refer to:
 a command,

59

 instructions,or
 a booklet that instructs one to accomplish a task.
Tips or sometimes called tip of the day provides useful advice daily on
how to use something effectively and efficiently or how to maintain
something properly Il telle the secret ways,the strategy or the effective
techniques.

5. Review these pictures. The pictures tell you about cooking rice
correctly. With your friends, present your tips.

12 3

45

6. Review these pictures. The pictures tell you about making a
cup of lemon tea. With your friends, present your instruction
and demonstration.

3. Put the 2. Pour the 1. Wait it
tea bag to hot water untill 5
a cup. to a cup. minutes.

60

6. Add a tea 5. Stir it 4. Add a
spoon of untill little of
sugar to a spread. lemon
cup. distillation

61

62

After studying this chapter, you will be able to:
 Repeat words with the correct pronunciation
 Complete a dialog based on the audio
 Write the meaning of the chorus of a song
 Compare how lyrics in English and Bahasa Indonesia are written
 Analyze parts of songs
 Read aloud lyrics of songs
 Get specific information from lyrics
 Get the main idea of the lyrics
 Find the synonyms of words in lyrics based on the contextual clues
 Get detailed information from lyrics
 Draw inference from lyrics
 Discuss lyrics
 Analyze the theme of lyrics
 Analyze the language features of lyrics
 Analyze the message of lyrics
 Write lyrics of favorite songs
 Write the messages of songs
 Engage in self-reflection about the difficulties in understanding

morals of song lyrics.

63

SHARE YOUR EXPERIENCE
1. Look at the following pictures and discuss with your

friends the suitable song theme for each picture.

a.

b.

c.

d.

64

2. Read a dialog between Satria and Cahaya.
Satria : Morning!You look very happy.
Cahaya : Morning, Satria. You're also looking great. I've got a
specialgitt for you.
Satria : A special gift for me? That's a nice surprise.
Cahaya : Yes, but you get it with a condition.
Satria : A condition? What do you mean?
Cahaya : This CD will be yours if you can guess the songs I like.
Satria : That's not so difficult. I know almost all the songs you
like. Let's start!
Cahaya : Well, this song is about an ideal friendship. Based on the
1st chorus,friends should be there whenever
needed.Whether your friends are happy or sad, you
should keep smiling to assure them that you are
someone to rely on.
Satria : I also like that song very much. It must be 'That's What
Friends Are for' Am I right?
Cahaya : Correct. Okay, second song! This song remains famous
today.
Satria : You mean it's an old song.
Cahaya : Right! Whenever listening to the chorus, I think about
my personal empowerment.Every day I learn how to be
in charge of my life. You know it's not easy to be just
the way you are as you only live once.
Satria : Hm..., it must be about life. Give me the last clue, please!
Cahaya : You're close. The singer is Bon Jovi.
Satria : Sorry, but is the theme about life?
Cahaya : You're right.
Satria : 'It's My Life.'
Cahaya : You're great! Okay, the CD is yours.
Satria : Thank you.
Cahaya : You're welcome.

65

Do You Know?

 Ain't /elnt/ is short for 'am not,' 'is not,' 'are not,' 'has not,' or 'have
not.' It is nonstandard English and used only in informal speech or
humorous phrases.
e.g. He ain't eating. (He is not eating.)

 Gonna /'ganə/ is nonstandard English, meaning 'going to,' and
mostly used in informal speech in America.
e.g.What are you gonna do? (What are you going to do?)

 Wanna /'wanə/ is a short form of 'want to' or 'want a.' It is not
standard.
e.g. Do you wanna go now?(Do you want to go now?) I wanna
steak, Dad. (I want a steak, Dad.)

CULTURAL AWARENESS

Parts of Songs
Song Title

Song titles are essential to remind people of the songs. That's why
listeners often hear the title repeated in the lyrics. Besides
matching the title with the lyrics, it also makes the title more
memorable.
Verse
A verse is a group of lines of words telling a story that the singer
wants to convey, and it also directs the listeners to the message of
the song. Hence,the length of verses can vary based on the
messages to be conveyed.
Refrain
A refrain is words repeated at the end of each verse which can also
become the title of the song.
Chorus
A chorus is lyrics of a song repeated several times with a
distinctive rhythm so that listeners easily remember this part.
Songs reveal the theme of the song in their chorus and the song
titles are repeated here.

66

Coda
Coda means 'tail' in Italian and, as a tail, this part is an additional
element to add a good ending to the song. However, not all songs
have coda in their lyrics.

3. Read the lyrics of ‘That’s What Friends Are For’ by Dionne
Warwick, ‘Love of My Life’ by Queen, and ‘it’s My Life’ by

Bon Jovi. Analyze the grammar used in the lyrics and complete
the following tables. One has been done for you.

Part A Negative commands
Commands Don’t leave me

Keep smiling

Part B Present Perfect Future Tense
You’ve taken my love
Present Tense I’ll be on your side
That’s what friends forever.
are for

Past Tense Present Continuous
Tense

67

Glossary

attribution-information about someone who creates or produce
certain statement or work
ceremonial news-news telling about a formal event performed on a
special occasion, e.g. official opening of a building, seminar,
congress, commemoration, anniversary, a handover of a position, a
celebration of a special day, or a welcome party for official guests
from other countries
clause-is group of words consisting a subject and a form of verb
copy block-a caption with a headline and a few long sentences
cover letter-a letter that accompanies an application form or a
résumé for a vacancy advertised
crime news-news telling about any violation of law, an omission of
a duty, or the commission of an act forbidden by law
cutline-a description about a photo with sentences of more than
one-line length
gambit-a word or phrase to help us express what we are trying to
say
'headline-a title of news summarizing the main point; in newspaper,
it is usually printed
on the top of the front page and in large print
imperative-a sentence form to give instructions
photo credit-information about the photographer and the source of
a photo
speculative letter-a speculative application that is sent together
with a résumé
wild art-a photograph which is followed by a mini news story

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https://images.app.goo.gl/pV38b6ECdZ1JHzZd6
https://images.app.goo.gl/5Y4uUVyXfbJXTsTD9
https://images.app.goo.gl/eY9be4KMVLVPXP6w7
https://images.app.goo.gl/gVuFvYcNcxX7qu4q7
https://images.app.goo.gl/b6R8XWdjuy9HVCiY9
https://images.app.goo.gl/Z4mKy28LbH3gUjHA6
https://images.app.goo.gl/h8MH4ovouA5fGsJd7
https://images.app.goo.gl/gmfyrtUpadoB4jkL6
https://images.app.goo.gl/AnDNX7BLbQDfW4Tb9
https://images.app.goo.gl/TnkERXg64FnfXZfe8
https://images.app.goo.gl/WN1Mdcx6P5ATT7mN8
https://images.app.goo.gl/aYE7CWPQnNv95pmT9
https://images.app.goo.gl/JHR14UBFpuBwSpBD7
https://images.app.goo.gl/AoNzAfKwAYJREui79
https://images.app.goo.gl/d5mCDo99DdJAJRPB7
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-59832843
https://images.app.goo.gl/jjQhYPkFW2gxq8XK8
https://images.app.goo.gl/temKP4nrnqBAmpST6
https://images.app.goo.gl/Ex8ZvD13c3SHPSdR7
https://images.app.goo.gl/8AQmPswkc6WJzpWq5
https://www.cbsnews.com/news/naples-zoo-tiger-killed-after-
grabbing-man-arm/
https://images.app.goo.gl/PfxyiDuyuBMpKkjo8
https://images.app.goo.gl/4p1L453MPEDGFV1W9
https://images.app.goo.gl/PG1dNGsRcX4nb6ov9
https://images.app.goo.gl/KhStoXAQsi1Qimzb7
https://images.app.goo.gl/dtMewmAUVRvgJAWN7

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https://images.app.goo.gl/TkSXh9dPGNEKwFpYA

https://images.app.goo.gl/dRtfutUpT41bajgf9

https://images.app.goo.gl/ewroGzKVn79G9vVj8

https://images.app.goo.gl/nxsE6yQscUsb39vQ6

https://images.app.goo.gl/pj5XEvMMa5nbUjkC9

https://images.app.goo.gl/RhcRU2EMJzRhiaSV8

https://images.app.goo.gl/oAvZT4Ze8aWjCFae8

https://images.app.goo.gl/Zrp5oGmsfRenJHPv7

https://images.app.goo.gl/CYHdr6rkS7w4jhWDA

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