TMK 11.1 & 11.2

CHEMISTRY SK025 2020/2021 11.0 Intro to Org Chem

11.1 & 11.2: Molecular and Structural Formula & Functional groups and homologous series.

1. (a) Define term structural formula.
Structural formula is a chemical formula which shows how the atoms in a molecule
are bonded to each other.

(b) Draw condensed structure
i. CH3CH(CH3)CH2OH

ii. CH3CH(CH3)CO CH(CH3) CH2CH3

iii. HC CH2
HC CH2

iv. CH3CH(Cl)CH2COOH

(c) Draw skeletal structure and classify each C 10
i. ii.
40 20 OH
2o O
1o 2o 1o 10 20 20

10

iii.

2o 2o 2o OH

1o
Br O

3. (a) Define

Functional group is an atom or group of atoms in an organic molecule which
characterized the molecule and enables the molecule to react in specific ways
(determine its chemical properties).

Homologous series is a series of compounds where each member differs from the
next member by a –CH2– group.

(b) i. circle and name functional group

CH 2OH
hydroxyl

aromatic ring NCH3
H

amino

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CHEMISTRY SK025 2020/2021 11.0 Intro to Org Chem

ii.
alkoxy

CH 2OCH 3

aromatic ring NHCOCH 3
amide

iii.

carbonyl halogen carboxyl
O C-C double bond Cl COOH

CC H

C-C triple bond C
O

aromatic ring C O carbonyl

O

ester

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CHEMISTRY SK025 2020/2021 11.0 Intro to Org Chem

MEKA 11.1 & 11.2

1. Classify X and Y Y: 2o carbon
X: 3o carbon

2. Classify C b) 1o C: 3, 2o C: 6, 3o C: 3
a)

1o

3o
2o 2o

2o 3o 2o

1o 3o 2o 1o
2o

3. Condensed structure
a) CH3CH(Br)CH(Br)CH3
b)
(CH3)2C CCl 2
c)

CH2CH2CH(OH)CH3
C CH(CH2CH3)

CH(CH3)2

d) CH3CH2O(CH2)2COOH

4. Skeletal structure
a)

O

b)

NH

5. Circle functional group

HOH2C amino
hydroxyl CH2 CHCOOH

NH2 carboxyl
aromatic ring

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CHEMISTRY SK025 2020/2021 11.0 Intro to Org Chem

KUMBE 11.1 & 11.2

1. circle and name functional group O carbonyl

a)

O carbonyl

C
H

C-C double bond

HO C-C double bond carbonyl
hydroxyl
O
b)
CH2CHO carbonyl
amino

H2NH2C

O

alkoxy CH2CH2OH hydroxyl

c)

aromatic ring

carboxyl amide CH2 ester

O O CH O
C CH3
HO C CH2 C O
N

C

H2N CH3 H

amino

2. Isomeric pair
a)
CH3CH2CH CH2

Chain isomer:

H3C C CH2

CH3

Positional isomer:
CH3CH CHCH3

Functional group isomer:

b) CH3CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH3
Chain isomer:
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3

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CHEMISTRY SK025 2020/2021 11.0 Intro to Org Chem

Positional isomer:
CH3C(CH3)2CH2CH3

Functional group isomer:
NONE

c) CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OH

Chain isomer:
CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH2OH

Positional isomer:
CH3CH(OH)CH2CH2CH3

Functional group isomer:
CH3CH2CH2CH2OCH3

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