Combat Aircraft of World War II

North American NA-62 B -25 Mitchell

B-25 to TB-25N. PBJ series. F-10

Origin I k. I

Type
Engines:

•

1.850h
(

Dimensions

m1 (16 1m). (G H) 51ft (1!

Weights Empl il) 21.1001b

27.1001b. (B) 28.6401b. (C) 34.0001b i) 35.0001b
(I

(H) 36.0471b (16.350k..: 35.000ll>

Performance: jximum speed (A) 315mph. (B) 300mph. (C. G) 28

(459- H. J) 275mph (443km/h): initia ^00ft

(460m)/mm. (late models, typical) 1.100ft (338m)/min. sers

27.000ft (8230m). (late models, typical) 24.000«t (7315m). range (all. Above Three-view of B-25J (RAF. Mitchell III)

typical) 1.500 miles (2414km)

Armament: See text aircraft and I

History: First flight (NA-40 prototype) January 1939: (NA-62. the first World War II

production B-25) 19 August 1940: (B-25G) August 1942 created the Twin Wasp-powered NA-40. i

Users: i Wartime) Australia. Brazil. China. France (FFL). Italy (Co- sleeker and more powerful machine

Belligerent). Mexico. Netherlands (1944). Soviet Union. UK (RAF. RN). demanding twice the bomb load (2.400lb : 184

US (AAC/AAF. Navy). off the drawing board, the first 24 being B-2"

armour and self-sealing tanks The defensive a

Development: \amed in honour of the fearless US Army Air Corps manually aimed in the cramped tail and single 3
ho was court-martialled in 1924 for his tiresome (to officialdom)
waist windows and the nose, bomb load was 3.000 B had
belief in air power, the B-25 - designed by a company with no previous
experience of twins, of bombers or of high performance warplanes - was twin 5in in an electrically driven dorsal turret and a
made in larger quantities than any other American twin-engined combat
turret, the tail gun being removed On 18 April 1942 16 B 25Bs le

Lt-Col Jimmy Doolittle made the daring and morale-raising raid on T

having made free take-offs at gross weight from the earner Hornet 800

miles distant Extra fuel, external bomb racks and other additions led to the C.

supplied to the RAF. China and Soviet Union, and as PBJ-1C to the US

Navy. The D was similar but built at the new plant at Kansa "942

came the G. with solid nose fitted with a 75mm M-4 gun. loaded mar

with 21 rounds At first two 5in were also fixed in the nose, fc

suppression and sighting, but in July 1943 tests against Japanese ships

showed that more was needed and the answer was four 5m "package g
on the sides of the nose. Next came the B-25H with the fearsome armament

of a 75mm. 14 5in guns (eight firing ahead, two in waist bulges and four

in dorsal and tail turrets) and a 2.000lb (907kg) torpedo or 3.200lb (1451kg)

of bombs. Biggest production of all was of the J. with glazed nose, normal

bomb load of 4.000lb (1814kg) and 13 5m guns supplied with 5.000

rounds. The corresponding attack version had a solid nose with five

additional 5in guns. Total J output was 4.318. and the last delivery in

August 1945 brought total output to 9.816 The F-10 was an unarmed

Above: First model with the slow-firing but punchy 75mm gun multi-camera reconnaissance version, and the CB-25 was a post-war

was the B-25G. Then came the hard-hitting B-25H, see text. transport model. The wartime AT-24 trainers were redesignated TB-25 and.

Below: This B-25J was one of 870 of various sub-types supplied after 1 947. supplemented by more than 900 bombers rebuilt as the TB-25J.

freely under Lend-Lease to the Soviet Union in 1941-44. K. L and M. Many ended their days as research hacks or target tugs and one

carried the cameras for the early Cinerama films.

247

Northrop P-61 Black Widow

P-61A, B and C and F-15 (RF-61C) Reporter

Origin: Northrop Aircraft Inc. Hawthorne. California Above: Three-view of P-61 A with turret (others similar).
Type: (P-61) three-seat night fighter: (F-15) two-seat strategic recon-
Armament: Four Fixed 20mm M-2 cannon in belly, firing ahead (plus,
naissance. m first 37 A. last 250 B and all C) electric dorsal turret with four 5in

Engines: Two Pratt & Whitney R-2800 Double Wasp 18-cylinder two-row remotely controlled from front or rear sight station and fired by pilot;
(B and C) underwing racks for 6.4001b load: (F-15A) no armament
radials; (P-61 A) 2.000hp R-2800-10: (B) 2.000hp R-2800-65: (C and
F-15) 2.800hp (wet rating) R-2800-73 History: First flight (XP-61) 21 May 1942: service delivery (A) May 1944:
Dimensions: Span 66ft (20 1 2m): length (A) 48ft 1 1 in (14-92m): first flight (F-15A) 1946
(B. C) 49ft 7in (15 1m): (F-15) 50ft 3in (15 3m); height (typical) 14ft 8in User: USA (AAF)
(4-49m).
Weights: Empty (typical P-61) 24.000lb (10.886kg); (F-15) 22.000lb

(9979kg); maximum loaded (A) 32.400lb (14,696kg); (B) 38.000lb

(17.237kg); (C) 40.300lb (18.280kg); (F-15. clean) 28.000lb (12.700kg)

Performance: maximum speed (A. B) 366mph (590km/h); (C) 430mph
(692km/h); (F-15) 440mph (708km/h); initial climb (A. B) 2.200ft

(670m)/min; (C. F-15) 3.000ft (914m)/min; service ceiling (A. B) 33.000ft

(10.060m). (C. F-15) 41.000ft (12.500m); range with maximum fuel (A)

500 miles; (B. C) 2.800 miles (4500km): (F.15) 4.000 miles (6440km)

Development: The first aircraft ever ordered to be designed explicitly as a
night fighter, the XP-61 prototypes were ordered in January 1941 on the
basis of combat reports from the early radar-equipped fighters of the RAF

A very big aircraft, the P-61 had the new SCR-720 Al radar in the nose, the

armament being mounted well back above and below the rather lumpy
nacelle housing pilot, radar operator and gunner with front and rear sighting
stations The broad wing had almost full-span double-slotted flaps, very
small ailerons and lateral-control spoilers in an arrangement years ahead of

its time Black-painted (hence the name), the P-61 A entered service with

the 18th Fighter Group in the South Pacifice and soon gained successes
there and in Europe Buffet from the turret led to this soon being deleted,
but the B and C had pylons for the very heavy load of four 250 gal tanks
or 6.4001b (2900kg) bombs. Total production was 941. followed by 35 slim
photo-reconnaissance versions.

Left: Though one of the largest fighters of all time, the P-61
was surprisingly tractable, and its lateral controls (shown off in
operation) were exciting.

Below: A P-61 A-5, one of the first to reach

Europe, with 422 NFS. 9th AAF. Scorton, England.

Below: Another

turretless P-61 A is

seen here at readi-

ness at a 9th AAF

dispersal some-
where in England.
D-day stripes were
worn by all P-61s in
the European

theatre.

*UftL\&

Republic P-47 Thunderbolt
MP-47B, C, D, and N

Origin: Republic Aviation C

Type: Single-seal D and K

Engine: One Pratt & Whitney R 2800 D

radial. (B) 2.000hp R 2800

2.800hp R 2800-57 or 77 (emergen

Dimensions: Span 40ft 9im (124 10m.

1>36ft 8m(11 03m). height (B) 12ft (C. D) I Ifl

Bin

Weights: Empty (B) 9.0101b (4087kg). (D) 10.7001b (485

loaded (B) 12.7001b (5760kg). (C) 14.9251b (D) 19.4001b (88l

(M) 14.7001b. (N) 21.2001b (9616kg)

Performance: laximum speed (B) 412mph. ) 433mph. (D) 428mph Above Three view of P-47D 25

(690km/h). (M) 470mph. (N) 4l
2.800ft (855n

(1 3.000n

ultimate range (drop tanks) (D) 1.9'
(3800km)

Armament: Except M) eight 5ir

with 267. 350 or 425 rounds (M) six 5m. (D
external load of tanks, bombs or

History: First flight (XP-47B) 6 May 1941

March 1942. final delivery (N) September 1945

Users: Australia. Brazil. France. Soviet Union. UK (RAF). USA (A

Above: When first used in Europe the P-47B was given white Development: Before the United States jntered World War
eagerly digesting the results of air combat
stripes to distinguish it from a Focke-Wulf 190 (which it in no
plans by Republic's chief designer Alexander Kartveli were
way resembled). This P-47D-10 is seen later with Group insignia,
D-day stripes, 108-gal paper tank and two 500lb bombs. replaced by sketches for a much bigger fighter with the new R-2800 er
This appeared to be the only way to meet the Army Air Cor[v

for fighter performance Kartveli began by designing the best mstallat
the big engine and its turbocharger. placed under the rear fuselage The air
duct had to pass under the elliptical wing, and there were problems in
achieving ground clearance for the big propeller (1 2ft diameter, even
though it had the exceptional total of four blades) with landing gear able
to retract inwards and still leave room in the wing for the formidable armament
of eight 5in guns. After severe and protracted technical difficulties the

P-47B was cleared for production in early 1 942 and at the beginning of
1943 two fighter groups equipped with the giant new fighter (one the
famed 56th. to become top scorers in Europe) joined the 8th AF in Britain to

continued on page 250

Left: Colourful P-47D-25 from
the 352nd FS of the 353rd FG
(same group that later used the
P-51 on p. 243) based at Raydon.

Below: Early models became
known as "razorbacks". These
are probably over Long Island,
but a yellow cowl would
denote the 361st FG of the 8th AAF.
The C introduced a longer
fuselage and bomb tank racks,
the D a better engine, the D-25
the bubble hood and the D-30

a dorsal fin.

< m. *

1 begin escorting B-17 and B-24 heavies. Their value was dramatically
increased when they began to carry drop tanks and fly all the way to the target
Right: The cutaway The same capability turned the big and formidable fighter into a much-
drawing shows that feared bomber and, with devastating firepower, vast numbers of P-47Ds
strafed and bombed throughout the European and Pacific theatres until the
pilots could not. after end of World War II Republic's output of D models (12.602) is the largest
total of one sub-type of any fighter in history, total production of the "Jug"
all, dodge about
inside a "Jug" : it was Mamounting to 1 5.660. The lightweight was too late for its role of chasing

far too full of flying bombs but scored successes against the Me 262 and Ar 234 jets,
equipment. Despite
believers in small dog- while the long-range P-47N matched the M fuselage with a bigger wing
fighters, it did well.
for the Pacific war. There were numerous experimental versions, one of
which reached 504mph After World War II the "Jug" was popular with

many air forces until well into the 1950s

Left: The ultimate P-47 was the P-47N. designed for the Pacific
theatre. The need here was extreme range, and the fuselage and
2,800hp engine of the hot-rod P-47M (designed to catch flying
bombs) was married to a new long-span wing which raised total
fuel capacity to 954 Imp gal, and carried zero-length launchers.

Right: Pleasing study of an early P-47D of the razorback variety
flying with the 8th AAF's 78th FG based at Duxford,

Cambridgeshire. When the P-47 reached the Army some wag
said the only thing it could do well was dive (while the RAF said
pilots could evade enemy shells by running about inside the

cockpit). Such feelings soon changed to respect, but the fact
that it was undeniably a juggernaut led to its enduring nickname.

111 Oil tank (28 6 gal/130

litres)

112 Hydraulic pressure line
113 Engine upper bearers

114 Engine control correlating

115 cam
116 Eclipse pump (anti icing)

Fuel level transmitter

1 1 7 Generator

81 1 Battery junction box

Rudder upper hinge 42 Supercharger
Aerial attachment 43 Turbine casing
Fin flanged ribs 44 Turbo-supercharger
Rudder post/fin rear spar
compartment air vent
Fin front spar 45 Turbo-supercharger exhaust

Rudder trim-tab actuating flight hood fairing (stainless
mechanism (chain-driven
steel)
worm gear)
46 Outlet louvres
7 Rudder centre hinge 47 Intercooler exhaust doors
8 Rudder trim tab
9 Rudder structure (port and starboard)
10 Tail navigation light 48 Exhaust pipes
1 Elevator fixed tab 49 Cooling air ducts
12 Elevator trim tab 50 Intercooler unit (cooling and
1 3 Starboard elevator structure
14 Elevator outboard hinge supercharged air)
15 Elevator torque tube 51 Radio transmitter and
16 Elevator trim tab actuating
receiver packs (Detrola)
mechanism (worm gear) 52 Canopy track
1 7 Chain drive 53 Elevator rod linkage
18 Starboard tailplane 54 Aerial mast
55 Formation light
(stabilizer) 56 Rearward -vision frame cut-

1 9 Tail jacking point out and glazing
20 Rudder control cables 57 Oxygen bottles
21 Elevator control rod and 58 Supercharged and cooling

linkage air pipe to carburettor (port)
59 Elevator linkage
22 Fm spar/fuselage 60 Supercharged and cooling

attachment points air pipe to carburettor
23 Port elevator
24 Aerial (starboard)
25 Port tailplane structure (two
61 Central duct (to intercooler
spars, flanged ribs)
unit)
26 Tailwheel retraction worm
62 Wing root air louvres
gear 63 Wing root fillet
27 Tailwheel anti-shimmy 64 Auxiliary fuel tank (100 gal/

damper 455 litres)
28 Tailwheel oleo 65 Auxiliary fuel filler point
29 Tailwheel doors 66 Rudder cable turnbuckle
30 Retractable and steerable 67 Cockpit floor support
68 Seat adjustment lever
tailwheel 69 Pilot's seat
Tailwheel fork /U Canopy emergency release

32 Tailwheel mount and pivot (port and starboard)
33 Rudder cables 71 Trim-tab controls
34 Rudder and elevator trim 72 Back and head armour
73 Headrest
cables 74 Rearward-sliding canopy
75 Rear-view mirror fairing
35 Lifting tube 76 Vee windshields with central
36 Elevator rod linkage
37 Semi-monocoque all-metal pillar

fuselage construction 77 Internal bulletproof glass
38 Fuselage dorsal razorback screen

profile 78 Gunsight
79 Engine control quadrant
39 Aerial lead-in
40 Fuselage stringers (cockpit port wall)
41 Supercharger air filter

119 Storage battery 127 2 000 hp Pratt & Whitney 1 32 Reduction gear casing 1 36
120 Exhaust collector ring Double Wasp R-2800-21 133 Spinner
121 Cowl flap actuating cylinder 1 34 Propeller cuffs 137 S
122 Exhaust outlets to collector eighteen-cylinder two-row 135 Curtiss constant -speed
electric propeller (12 ft 2in) 138 D.
123 ring engine 139 Oil cooler feed pipes
124 1 28 Cowling nose panel 144 f
Cowl flaps 129 Magnetos 145 B<-
125 Supercharged and cooling 1 30 Propeller governor
1 26 air ducts to carburettor 131 Propeller hub
(port and starboard)
Exhaust upper outlets 147 I
Cowling frame

149 r.
1 50 C

151 Wing
1 52 i

1 63 Wing fl
attachment (tat'
bushings)
Wing inboard rib ma

1 54 well recess
155
156 Wing front ( No 1 ) spar

Undercarriage pivot
Hydrau

157 'der
158
Auxiliary (undercarriage
mounting) wing spar

Gun bay warm air fit •

duct

159 Wing rear (No 2) spar
160 Landing flap inboard hinge
161 Auxiliary (No 3) wing spar

inboard section
mounting)

162 NACA slotted landing flaps

1 63 Landing flap centre
164 Landing flap hydra .

cylinder

165 Four 5 in Browning guns
166 Inter-spar gun bay inboard

rib

167 Ammunition feed chutes
168 Individual ammunition

troughs (350 rpg)
169 Underwing stores/weapons

pylon
1 70 Landing flap outboard

hinge
171 Flap door
172 Landing flap profile

173 Aileron fixed tab (starboard
wing only)

1 74 Frise-type aileron structure
175 Aileron hinge/steel forging

spar attachments
176 Auxiliary (No 3) wing spar

outboard section (aileron
mounting)
177 Multi-cellular wing

construction

1 78 Wing outboard ribs
179 Wingtip structure
180 Starboard navigation light
1 81 Leading-edge rib sections
182 Bomb shackles
183 500 lb (227 kg) M-43

demolition bomb

1 84 Undercarriage leg fairing
(overlapping upper section)

185 Mainwheel fairing (lower

186 section)
187
188 Wheel fork
189 Starboard mainwheel
Brake lines
Landing gear air/oil shock

strut

1 90 Gun barrel blast tubes

191 Staggered gun barrels

192 Rocket-launcher slide bar

193 Centre strap

1 94 Front mount (anached

below front spar between

inboard pair of guns)

195 Deflector arms

196 Triple-tube 4 5in rocket-

launcher (Type M10)

197 Front retaining band

M81 98 4 5m rocket projectile

251

Vought V-I66B F4U Corsair

F4U-1 to -7, F3A. FG. F2G and AU

Origin :Chance Vought Division of United Aircraft Corporation: also built

by Brewster and Goodyear.

Type: Single-seat carrier-based fighter-bomber (sub-variants, see text).

Engine: (F4U-1) 2.000hp Pratt & Whitney R-2800-8(B) Double Wasp

18-cylinder two-row radial. (-1A) 2.250hp R-2800-8(W) with water

8Winjection; (-4) 2.450hp R- 2800 1 with water-methanol; (-5) 2.850hp

R-2800-32(E) with water-methanol; (F2G) 3.000hp P&W R-4360 Wasp

Major 28-cylinder four-row radial

Dimensions: Span 40ft 11 Jin (12 48m). (British. 39ft 7in); length

33ft 8iin (10 27m): (-1, 3) 33ft 4in. (-5N and -7) 34ft 6in. height 1 4ft 9^in Above: Three-view of the F4U-1
(other sub-types similar except
(4 49m): (-1. -2) 16ft 1 in for armament or clipped wings).
Weights: Empty (-1A) 8.873lb (4025kg); (-5. typical) 9.900lb (4490kg):

maximum loaded (-1A) 14.0001b (6350kg). (-5) 15.0791b (6840kg).

(AU-1) 19,3981b History: First flight (XF4U) 29 May 1940; (production 1) June 1942.
combat delivery July 1942. final delivery (-7) December 1952
Performance: Maximum speed (-1A) 395mph (635km/h); (-5) 462mph Users: (Wartime) Mexico. New Zealand. UK (RN). USA (Navy. Marines)

(744km/h); initial climb (-1A) 2.890ft (880m)/mm: (-5) 4.800ft (1463m)/

min: service ceiling (-1A) 37.000ft (11.280m): (-5) 44.000ft (13.400m);

range on internal fuel, typically 1.000 miles (1609km). Development: Designed by Rex Beisel and Igor Sikorsky, the inverted-

Armament: See text gull -wing Corsair was one of the greatest combat aircraft in history.

Planned to use the most powerful engine and biggest propeller ever fitted to

a fighter, the prototype was the first US warplane to exceed 400mph and

outperformed all other American aircraft. Originally fitted with two fuselage

MGand two wing guns, it was replanned with six 5in Browning 53-2 in

the folding outer wings, each with about 390 rounds. Action with land-

based Marine squadrons began in the Solomons in February 1943; from

then on the Corsair swiftly gained air supremacy over the previously un-

troubled Japanese. The -1 C had four 20mm cannon, and the -1 D and most

subsequent types carried a 160gal drop tank and two 1,0001b (907kg)

bombs or eight rockets. Many hundreds of P versions carried cameras, and N

variants had an APS-4 or -6 radar in a wing pod for night interceptions.

Brewster made 735 F3A. and Goodyear 4,008 FG versions, but only ten

of the fearsome F2G. Fabric-skinned wings became metal in the post-war

-5. most of which had cannon, while the 1 10 AU-1 attack bombers carried a

4.000lb load in Korea at speeds seldom exceeding 240mph! In December

1 952 the last of 1 2.571 Corsairs came off the line after a longer production

run (in terms of time) than any US fighter prior to the Phantom

Above: Rejected by the US Navy for carrier operations, the Left: An F4U-1D. with twin tank/bomb pylons
F4U-1 was flown aboard USS Essex in December 1944, by
and rails for eight rockets, serving with a
Marine Corps fighter squadron VMF-124.
squadron aboard USS Essex in 1945.

Below: An F4U-1A, with hook removed,
operating with 18 Sqn, RNZAF, over the
Solomon Islands and Guadalcanal in early 1945.

Below: The Fleet Air Arm clipped 8in off

each wingtip of shipboard Corsair lis to
facilitate folded stowage in the low-

headroom hangers of RN carriers. They

were first to operate Corsairs at sea.

Vultee 72 A-31 Vengeance

A-31 and -35, Vengeance IVI -

Origin: (

built by Northiup Aircraft H

Type : -.eat dive borru

Engine Wright R 2600 Cycl

Vengeance I. II. Ill) 1.600hp R 2600 19. (A 35. IV) 1.700hp R 260

Dimensions 18ft (14 63m)

14ft 6in (4 40m)

Weights: Empty (typical) 9.9001b (44v .\ 31)

14.3001b (6486kg). (A-35) 15.6001b. (A-35B) 1 7.100lb (77561

Performance: Maximum speed (all) 27 3-279mph (44O-450kn

initial climb, typically 1.200ft (366m)/min. service ceiling (typical) 22.000ft

(6700m): range (typical) 600 miles (966km)

Armament: (A-3 Vengeance I to III) four 303in Brownings in wings. Above: Three-view, all sub types being externally similar

.

and two manually aimed from rear cockpit, internal bomb load of up to

2.000lb (907kg): (A- 35A. Vengeance IV) fourO 50in in wings, one manually RAF (some purchased in 1940.
the RAF. RAAF and Indian AF in Bun-
aimed from rear, same bomb load. (A-35B) same but six 50 in in wings- least saw considerable active duty In I94<
numbers would be needed, and a st-
History: First flight. July 1941; service delivery (RAF) November 1942: Northrop, while the US Army adopted th<
Americanised A-35 was in production at Conv
termination of production. September 1 9 US Army soon dropped even this version Many RA-
as target tugs, and the last batch went to Brazil
Users: Australia. Brazil. India. UK (RAF. RN). US (AAF. Navy).

Development: Designed by a team led by Richard Palmer to a British speci ^fl
fication passed to Vultee in July 1940. the Vengeance eventually became
combat-ready in a different world. No longer was the dive bomber the
unstoppable agent of destruction, by 1943 it was recognised to have value

only in conditions of local air superiority, and even then to need fighter cover
Eventually 1 .528 of all types were built, of which 1 .205 were passed to the

Right: Vultee built 831 aircraft
designated A-35B with six wing guns

and the R-2600-13 engine None saw
action with the US Army but 562
were allocated to the RAF and RAAF
as the Vengeance IV. This one

served on the Arakan (Burma) front
with 7 Sqn, Indian AF.

Waco CG-4A Haig, Hadrian

CG-4A Haig; RAF name Hadrian

Origin: The Waco Aircraft Company, also built by 14 other companies.

Type: Assault glider.

Engine: \one.
Dimensions: Span 83ft 8in (25 5m); length 48ft 3|in (147m); height
12ft 7Jin (3 84m)
Weights: Empty 3.790lb (1721kg): normal loaded 7.500lb (3405kg):

overload 9.000lb (4086kg).

Performance: Normal towing speed 125mph (200km/h); typical speed
off tow 65mph (1 05km/h); minimum speed 38mph (61 km/h).
Armament: \one.
History: : : flight, early 1941. (production CG-4A) April 1941: final
delivery. December 1944.
Users: Canada. UK (RAF). US (AAF).

Development: Though the vast US aircraft industry produced many types Above: Three-view of CG-4A.
of military glider during World War II. the entire production effort was con-
centrated upon this one type, which was the only US glider to see combat
service. In sharp contrast to Britain's larger, all-wood Horsa. the CG-4A
fuselage was constructed of welded steel tube with fabric covering, the

entire nose being arranged to hinge upwards for loading/unloading vehicles
up to Jeep size, or light artillery. The side-by-side pilot stations hinged with
the nose, the two control wheels being suspended from the roof In the
main fuselage were benches for up to 15 fully armed troops or cargo up to
3.7101b (5.2101b as overload). The wing loading was very low: there were
no flaps, but spoilers above the wing to steepen the glide. No fewer than 1 5
companies collaborated to build the CG-4A. and in two years more than

12.393 were delivered In 1943 an RAF Hadrian was towed in stages from
Montreal to Britain in a flight time of 28 hours. A few weeks later hundreds

were used in the invasion of Sicily Several thousand were used in 1944 in
Normandy and the Rhine crossing, while large numbers went to the Far

East for the planned invasion of Japan.

Right: An armada en route for France on D-day, the tugs being /
C-47s. The photographer's tug is linked both by the tow-rope
and a wrapped-around intercom link, seldom used on operational /
missions. One snag with the Waco, as with the British Horsa,
was that collisions with even small obstructions, such as /

saplings, could stave in the flimsy nose and injure the pilots. In •
practice assigned landing areas often did contain both natural

and enemy-made obstacles.

253

.

Index Beaufighter I to TFX see Bristol Type Commonwealth and II. PT 24, 92 Fi 256 see Fieseler Fi 256 Storch
Ca 101 see Caproni De Havilland
156 CCa 111 see Caproni Fieseler Fi 156 Storch
Beaufort I to VIM see Bnstol Type 152 Ca 133 see Caproni D H 98 Mosquito I to 43 93 94 95
Bell P 39C Airacobra. 197 Ca 135 see Caproni Defiant I and II see Boulton Paul P 82 Fi 156A, C. D. E. 30;
Bell P-39D Airacobra 197 Ca 135 bis see Caproni Devastator see Douglas TBD-1
Ca 309 Ghibli (Desert Wind) see Dewoitine Fi 156C-1. 30. 31. 31; Fi 156C 3.
Bell 31: FI256 30
Caproni D520S. 13
P 39L Airacobra 197 Ca 310 Libeccio (Southwest Windl Flying Eye see Focke-Wulf
DFS
All figures in bold type Bell see Caproni DFS 230. 23; DFS 230A 1. 22 23; Flying Pencil' see Dormer
represent subjects mentioned DFS B 1. C-1, F 1 23
P-39G Airacobra, 197 Ca 311 and 31 1M see Caproni Focke-Wulf FW44
in captions. Ca 312 and variants see Caproni D H 82 and 82A Tiger Moth I and II
Bell Ca 313 see Caproni see De Havilland FW44, 30. 30; FW44A B C. 30;
Ca 314 and variants see Caproni
A5M1 to A5M4 see Mitsubishi P-59A Airacomet, 198 199 Ca 316 see Caproni D H 82B Queen Bee see De Havilland Stieglitz (Goldfinch). 30
82A
A-17A see Northrop Bell CAM (Catapult Armed Focke-Wulf FW189 Uhu
A-20G see Douglas DB-7. A-20 D H 98 Mosquito I to 43 see FW189A 1. -2. 3. 31. 31. 189 Uhu
P-63 A to E Kingcobra. 197. 198 Merchantman), 35 De Havilland
A-20 J and K see Douglas DB -7, A 20 Canguru (Kangaroo) see Savota- lOwll, 31; FW189B. 31
A-24 see Douglas SBD 1 , to 6 Bell 'Die Spaten' see Hemkel Focke Wulf FW90
A-26A, B and C see Douglas JD 1 MMarchetti S 82 Digby see Douglas B 18A
XP-59 Airacomet prototype, 198 Dinah' see Mitsubishi Ki-46-l to IVb FW190. 32. 32, 34; FW190A -D-F.
Invader Canso see Consolidated Vultee PBY 1
Bell Do 17S see Dormer 32. FW190A-4.34, FW190A^.
A 28, 29 see Lockheed Model 414 Cant Z.501 and 501 bis Gabbiano Do 17Z see Dornier
XP-59A Airacomet prototype. 198 (Gull). 129 Do 18 see Dornier FW32. 33. 190G-3, 32.
Hudson Do 24 see Dornier
Bell Cant Z.506B Airone (Heron), 129 Do 215 see Dormer FW190F-3. 32; Dora 9'. 33, 34
A-30 see Martin Model 187 Baltimore 130 Do 217 see Dornier FW190A-5 U 13. 33. 34.
I to V YP-59A Airacomet, 198 Do 231 see Dornier
Cant. Z.I 007 Alcione, 130 Do 317 see Dornier FW190A 3. 34. Ta152. 32;
A-31 and 35 see Vultee Beriev Cant Z.1007 bis Alcione. 130 Do 335 see Dornier
A-36 see North Amencan P-51 A-36 Cant. Z.1018 Leone (Lionl. 130 Ta152H. 34. Ta152C V7, 34; Ta
Be-2, 174 Caproni Dominator see Consolidated Vultee
Mustang Beriev 152C-0 Rll, 34
Ca 101, 130 B32 .
AC-47 see Douglas MBR 2 and 2 bis, 174 Caproni
Betty' see Mitsubishi G4M1 to Dora 9 see Focke-Wulf Focke Wulf FW200 Condor
Aichi Ca 111, 130 Condor 35, FW200C^ C8. 35;
G4M3c Caproni Dornier FW200, 35; FW200V 10, 35;
B7A Ryusei Grace 142
D3A1 and D3A2 Val'. 141 Bf 109 see Messerschmrtt Ca 133 130 Do 17E, F. K, P 22, 23; Do 17F-1 FWC O. 35, 35. FW200C-3 U2,
E13A1 Jake'. 142 143 Bf 1 10 see Messerschmitt Caproni 22 Do 17E-1. 22, 23; Do 17M-1.
E16AZuiun Paul 142 Bisley see Bnstol Type 142 22, Do 17b 1. 22; Do 17P-1, 22, 35
Ca 135, 131 23: Do 17S. 22. 24. 24. Do 17Z,
Airacobra see Bell P-39C. D. L & Q Black Widow see Northrop P-61 Caproni 24; Do 17Z-1-Z. 24. 24; Do 18D. Firefly 1 to 7 and U.8 to 10 see Fairey
G. H. N. 26; Do 18D-1. 25;
Airacomet see Bell P 59A Blackburn Ca 135 bis, 131 Do 18G-1. 25, Do 24 K 2, 25; FM-1 and -2 see Eastern Aircraft
Roc I. 83 Caproni Do 24T- 1 , 25. Do 24 72, 25; Do
Airone IHeronl see Cant Z 506B Skua II. 83 215A-1. B 1. B-5. 24; Do 217, Fokker
Ca 309 Ghibli (Desert Wind), 131 26, 27, 28; Do 217E 2. 26, K 2
Airspeed Blenheim M, 149 and 160 see Bristol Caproni C.V-E. 126
Type 142 26. M-1 26. J-2/N-2. 26. P 1
A.S.10 (Oxford I II), 76 Ca 310 Libeccio (Southwest Windl, Fokker
Blitz see Blohm und Voss 26. K 1, 26. 27: Do 217 E-0. 26,
Airspeed Blohm und Voss 131 Do 217 N-1. 27: Do 317. 28: Do CX. 126
Caproni 335 Pfeil. 28: Do 335A-1, A-6
AS 46 lOxford III V I 76 Bv 138, 20, 20; Bv 138A-1. B 1, 28. 28; Do 231. 28; Do 335B. Fokker
C-1, 20. 20. 21; B-2 P Blitz. 21: Ca311 and311M, 131 28; Do 335 V9 28; Do 217E 2.
Airspeed Bv 222 Wiking. 22; 29; Do217E-5. 29 A 0, 29, Do D XXI (D21). 126. 127
Caproni
AS. 51 Horsal & II. 76 Bv222 A -C21. 21, V8, 21; V9. Ca 312 and variants. 131 335 V3, 29 Fokker

Albacore I see Fairey Albacore I 21; Caproni Dormer-Werke GmbH. 22. 24. 25. 26. G 1a and Gib. 127
Ca 313. 131
Albemarle I to VI see Armstrong Bv 238. 22 28 Fokker
Caproni Douglas
Whitworth A 10. 41 BMW 132ZseeGotha Ca 314 and variants, 131 TV. (T.5). 127
A 26 Invader 218
Alcione see Cant Z 1007 Bloch Caproni Fokker
AM-23 Ryusei Grace' see Aichi B7A Ca 316. 131 AC-47. 220
Amiot MB 150 to 157. 10. 11 B-18. 219 T.8W, 128
Catalina see Consolidated Vultee B-18A Bolo. Digby 219
143M IB-5I. 10. 11 Bloch PBY-1 C-47. 220 253 Folgore (Lightning) see Macchi C.202
C-53, 220
'Ann' see Mitsubishi Ki-30 174 A3 10 11 Cavalier 750 to 2500 see North Fortress see Boeing B-17
American P-51 'A-36 C-54 A to J Skymaster. 219
Anson I to T.22 see Aero 652 A Bloch Frances' see Yokosuka P1Y1 and
ANT-6 see Tupolev CB-17 see Boeing B-17 C-117. 220
ANT-40 see Tupolev 175B3andT. 10, 11 P1Y2 Ginga Frances
ANT-42 see Pettyakov CB 25 see North Amencan NA-62 DB 7 A20 Boston. 216, 217
ANT-51 see Sukhoi Boeing DB-7 A 20 Havoc. 216, 217 'Frank' see Nakajima Ki-84-1 to 1c
ANT-58 see Tupolev B-17 to B17G Fortress. 200 Centauro see Fiat G.55
EC-47. 220 Hayate
Aphrodite see Boeing B-17F Boeing CG-4A see Waco JD-1 Invader. 218
B -17B Fortress. 200. 202 L2D. 220 Freccia see Fiat G50
Ar 96 see Arado 'Chato' see Polikarpov 1-15 Li-2. 220
Ar 196 see Arado Boeing R4D-8. 220 Fulmar I and II see Fairey
B-17C Fortress. 202 Cicogna see Fiat BR 20 SBD-1. 2. 3, -4. -5and-6. 220.
Ar 234 see Arado Claude' see Mitsubishi A5M1 to 221 FW44 see Focke-Wulf
Ar 396 see Arado Boeing TBD-1 Devastator 222 FW189 see Focke-Wulf
Arado B-17D Fortress, 203 A5M4 XTBD-1. 222 FW190 see Focke Wulf
Commando see Curtiss C-46A FW200 see Focke-Wulf
Ar96 18: Ar96A 1. 18; Boeing Commonwealth E13A1 Jake see Aichi
Ar96B2, 18, 18; Ar 396, 18; B-17F Fortress (RAF C.C. IIA), E16A Zuiun Paul' see Aichi Gl.a and G1.b see Fokker
202, 203 CA 12 to CA 19 Boomerang. 8 9 G3M. L3Y conversion 'Tina' see
Ar 196, 18; Ar 196A-1-5. 18. 18. Condor see Focke-Wulf FW200 Eastern Aircraft
19, 19 Ar 234 Blitz, 20; Ar 234 Boeing Mitsubishi
B-1-B2, 20; Ar 234VI, 20 B-17F Fortress. 200 201 203 Consolidated Vultee FM-1 and -2. 223; T8M Avenger
Ar234V9. 20: Ar 234, 21; B 24 Liberator. 204 205 206 207 G3M. M2 and M3 Nell' see Mitsubishi
Boeing 224 G4M1 to G4M3c Betty' see
Ar 234C, 21 B 17G Fortress, 200 202 203 Consolidated Vultee EC-47 see Douglas
Ariete I Rami see Reggiane Re 2002 B-32 Dominator. 208 Emily' see Kawanishi H8K1 and K2 Mitsubishi
Armstrong Whitworth Boeing
B-17G-25 Fortress 200 Consolidated Vultee F1M1 and F1M2 Pete' see Mitsubishi G5N see Nakajima
AW 38 Whitley I to VIII. 77 PB2Y-1 to 5 Coronado. 210. 211 F2G see Vought V-166B G6M see Mitsubishi
Boeing F3A see Vought V 166B
Armstrong Whitworth B-29 to -29C Superto---" 202 Consolidated Vultee F-4 and F-5 see Lockheed P 38 G41 Meteor I and III see Gloster
203 PB4Y-2 Pnvateer. 209 F4F Wildcat see Grumman G.50 Freccia see Fiat
AW. 41 Albemarle I to VI. 78 FAV 1 to -7 see Vought V 166B G.55 Centauro see Fiat
Boeing Consolidated Vultee F-6 see North American P-51 A-36
AS. 10 (Oxford I -II) see Airspeed Model 75 Kaydet. 204 Go 242 see Gotha
PBY-1 to 5A Catalina 208 209 Mustang Go 244 see Gotha
AS 46 (Oxford lll-VI see Airspeed Boeing F6F Hellcat see Grumman
AS 51 Horsa see Airspeed Model 299 Fortress prototype. 200 Consolidated Vultee F7F-1 to -4N Tigercat see Grumman Gabbiano (Gull) see Cant Z501 and
202. 219 F-9 see Boeing B-17
AT-6 see North American NA-16 TB 32 Dominator 208 F-10 see North Amencan NA-62 501 bis
AT 18 see Lockheed Model 414 Boeing F -15 IRF-61CI see Northrop P61
Model 345. 202 Consolidated Vultee F 82 Twin Mustang see North G.A.L.49 Hamilcar see General
Hudson
AT 20 see Avro 652 Boeing XB-29. 208 Amencan P-51 A-36 Aircraft
AT-24 Trainer see North Amencan Consolidated Vultee F221, 222 and 223 senes see Farman
N2S Stearman, 204 G.A.L.58 Hamilcar X see General
NA-62 XB-32 Dominator. 208 F-400 see Bell P 39
8oeing Cornell II see Fairchild M-62. PT Aircraft
AV see Vought V 166 B PT-13, 17. 18 and -27 Stearman. Coronado see Consolidated Vultee Fairchild
Avenger see Grumman TBF TBM 204 General Aircraft
PB2Y 1 M-62, PT 19, -23 and -26 Cornell II.
534-III and -IV. 8. 9 Boeing Corsair see Vought V-166B G.A.L.49 Hamilcar, 100, 101
Y1B-17 Fortress, 200. 202 C.R.30 see Fiat 222
Avro C R 32 see Fiat G.A.L.58 Hamilcar X. 100
Bolingbroke see Bristol Type 142 C R.32 bis see Fiat Fairey 'George' see Kawanishi NIK1-J and
652A Anson I to T22. 78 Bolo see Douglas B 18A C.R 42 Falco see Fiat Albacore 1. 96 97
Boomerang see Commonwealth CSS-13 see Polikarpov Battle I to IV 96 NIK2-J
Avro Ghibli I Desert Windl see Caproni Ca.
CA-12 to CA 19 Curtiss Firefly 1 to 7. and U 8 to 10. 98
679 Manchester I and IA, 79 Boston see Douglas DB 7, A-20 Fulmar I and II 98. Sea Fox. 19; 309
C-46A Commando, 214: C-46 R5C, Swordfish I- IV. 99 Gigant see Messerschmitt
Avro Boulton Paul 214; CW-20 214; P-36A Mohawk Type 100 Barracuda I. II. Ill Gladiator I and II see Gloster S S 37
MR683 Lancaster I to P 82 Defiant I and II. 84 IV, 210, 211, 212, 213; P-40B and V, 97
7. 79 80 Tomahawk I. 212: P-40C Falco see Fiat C.R. 42 Gloster
BQ-7 Aphrodite see Boeing B-17F Tomahawk MB, 210; 213; P-40D Falco I and II see Reggiane Re 2000
AW 81 82 and Re 2001 G41 Meteor I and III. 102, 103
38 Whitley I to VIII see BR 20 Cicogna see Fiat Kittyhawk I, 213: P-40E 213: Farman S.S.37 Gladiator I and II and
P-40F Kittyhawk II. 210; P-40F F221. 222 and 223 senes. 13 Sea Gladiator. 100. 101
Armstrong Whitworth BR.20 bis see Fiat B.R.20 Cicogna Warhawk. 212; P-40K Kittyhawk FG see Vought V-166B
III, 213; P-40N Kittyhawk IV. Go 145 see Gotha
AW. 41 Albemarle I to VI see B R.20L see Fiat B R 20 Cicogna 213; P-40V. 210; SB2C-1 Fiat
B.R.20M see Fiat Helldiver. 214; SB2C-4 Helldiver, Goldfinch see Focke-Wulf
Armstrong Whitworth Bre 690. 691, 693 and 695 see Breguet 214; Seagull. 19 BR.20 Cicogna. 132 Gotha
Breda C.V-E see Fokker
B B.R.20 bis, 132 BMW 132Z, 36; Go 145, A, B,
Ba 88 Lince (Lynxl, 140 CW-20 see Curtiss B.R.20M. 132
B-2 P Blitz see Blohm und Voss Breguet C.R 30, 132 C 36; Go 145A, 36; Go 242, 36,
B-5 see Amiot 143M C.X. see Fokker C R 32, 132 244, 36; Go 242A, B. C, 36: Go
B7A Ryusei 'Grace' see Aichi Bre 690. 691, 693 and 695, 12 C. R.32 bis, 132 244B, 36; KA 430. 36; Go 145.
B-10 see Martin Model 139 bomber D3A1 and D3A2 Val' see Aichi 36 Go242B 1. 36, Go 244B 1.
B-12 see Martin Model 139 bomber Bristol D4Y1 and 1C Suisei Judy' see C.R 42 Falco bis, ter. AS and N. 36; Go 244VI, 36; Go 244B-2,
8-14 see Martin Model 139 bomber
B-17. to-17G see Boeing Type 142 Blenheim M, 149 and 160, Yokosuka 133 36: M-25A. 36
B-18 see Douglas D4Y2, 2-C and 2-S Suisei Judy' see G.50. 50 bis and 50 ter. Freccia. 'Grace' see Aichi B7A Ryusei
90, 91 133 Great Lakes
B-24 Liberator see Consolidated Yokosuka
Bristol D4Y3 Suisei Judy' see Yokosuka G5S Centauro. 133 XTBG 1,222
Vultee D4Y4 Suisei 'Judy' see Yokosuka Grumman
Type 152 Beaufort I to VIII, 88. 89 D.XX1 (D.21) see Fokker Fi 156 see Fieseler Fi 156 Storch
B-25 to TB-25N see North Amencan D520S see Dewoitine F4F FM Wildcat, 223
NA-6Z Bristol Dakota see Douglas C-47
Dauntless see Douglas SBD-1 to -6 F6F Hellcat, 234. 235. 236, 237
B-26 see Douglas A-26 Invader Type 156 Beaufighter I to TFX, 85. DB-1 see Douglas B 18 F7F -1 to -4N Tigercat, 224 225
B-26K see Douglas JD-1 Invader 86. 87 DB-3 see llyushin
B-29 to 29C Superfortress see Boeing DB-3F 111-4) see llyushin G-36 Martlet, 223
B-32 Dominator see Consolidated B Sh-2 see llyushin DB-7 A-20 see Douglas
BT-1, -2 see Northrop TBF TBM Avenger. 224. 225
Vultee BT-9 see North American NA-16 DB 240 see Yermolaev GST see Consolidated Vultee
B-34 Lexington, see Lockheed Bulldog 37
Bv 138 see Blohm und Voss DC-2 see Douglas B-18 PBY-1
PV-1 /B 34 Bv 222 Wiking see Blohm und Voss DC-3 see Douglas C-47
B-37 see Lockheed PV-1 B-34 Bv 238 see Blohm und Voss De Havilland H
Ba 88 Lince (Lynx) see Breda
C6N-1. IB and 1-S (Saiun) 'Myrt' see D.H.82 and 82A Tiger Moth I H6K1 to 5 Mavis' see Kawanishi
Babs' see Mitsubishi Ki-15-l. II H8K1 and K2 Emily' see Kawanishi
Baka' see Yokosuka MXY-7. Mod. 11 Nakajima Hadnan see Waco CG-4A
C 19 see Avro 652
& 22 Ohka Haig see Waco CG-4A
C-46A, D, E & F see Curtiss
Baltimore I to V see Martin Model 187 Halifax see Handley Page H.P.57. 59.
Barracuda I, II, III and IV see Fairey C-46 R5C see Curtiss and 61
C-47 see Douglas
Type 100 C-53 see Douglas Hamilcar see General Aircraft
Bat (NATO) see Tupolev Tu-2 C-63 see Lockheed Model 414 Hudson
C-1 17 see Douglas G.A.L49
Battle I to IV see Fairey C.202 Folgore (Lightning) see Macchi Hamilcar X see General Aircraft
BB-1 see Sukhoi C.205N Orione (Onon) see Macchi
BC-1 see North American NA-16 C.205V Veltro (Greyhound) see G.A.L58
Hampden I see Handley Page HP. 521
Be-2 see Beriev Macchi Handley Page
CA-12 to CA-19 Boomerang see
HP. 52 Hampden I. 102. 103
HP. 53 Hereford I. 102

H.P.57 Halifax I, 104

HP. 59 Halifax Mk II Senes la.

Ill, 104

H.P.61 Halifax Mk V. B. VI and
VII. C VIM and A, IX, 104

Harpoon see Lockheed PV-1 B-34

Han ma"'I ><•< N.'iii> ii. ,n ii. Hi «/c, 70 M *( .'Ml I

Havoc see Douglas DB 7, A 20 Ju 188 A I) anil I 10-..-I i. •'. /l -.ter nee Avi
Maia.r
Hdwk /bA %m* Curtiss P 36A Muhawk AHJu 290 A 1 I., )0 n •V.
.1,11111. Mi<lrl
IV Ju 290 81 and B2 n M >«/ 1M
Ju 290 C. 70 BM i i" '.a
Hawk 81A sue Curliss P 40C Ju38BJ, K and I in it;
Tomahawk IIB
Mil 1 246 UK
Hawk 870 see Curtiss P 40F
in
Kittyhawk II K VIM.xli.l I
ii*
Hawk H/M .. KIN K11W1 and W2 Shiragiku see Kyushu Mi-lrl I fl IhiiiiI., .ill) ..-I *« 17

Kittyhawk iv K2 see Dormer 246 160
Hawker
Muh'l 102, I'HM I I,.
Hurricane I lo XII 105 108 Ka 430 see Gotha M.iim.ii BR1 246 J1N1
Sea Hurricane IA lo XIIA. 106
Tempest V and VI 110 Kawanishi M.-i.-i let l>omber. 246 180
Typhoon IA and IB 109 .'/I, N.l»
H6K1 to 5 Mavis 143 M.«l«l 167 Maryland I and II. 161
H8K1 and K2 Emily 144 146 I
NIKI J and NIK2 J ShKten George'
Hemkel 228
He 37. 37
He 49. 37 144 145 Model 179. B 26A to ', lb/ 163
He 51. 37. 37. He 51A 1. B 2. CI.
Kawaski Marauder I tu III. 146 246 i abuu
37. 37
He 59, 37, He 59B, C. D. E, N. 37; Ki 45 and 45A Toryu Nick' 146 Model 187. Baltimore I tu V Oscar 167 163

He59B2. 37. He 59N. 3/ 37 147 MMartinet see Miles 25 Ki 43 Ilia and I, Hayabuu - »j
He 59C 2. 37
He 111, 38, He 1 1 1B. E. H. P, 38; Martlet see Grumman (> Osca. tm iJf Hev.i i
He 111 H-3. 38; He 1 11 H-6. 39.
40; Die Spaten'. 39; He 111 Ki 48 I. Ma, Mb, and lie lily 146 Maryland I and II see Martin Model 167 VKi 44 la, bandc PV I and 1ml
H 16 40
He 115. 41. He 115A, B. C. D. E. andKi 61 I. II III Hien Tony 148 Master Mks I, II and III see Miirs 163 164 PV 7 Harpoon »•« I ocfcnaed
41, He 1 15B 0. 41. He 1158-1, H 14
Ki 100. 148 see Kawanishi H6K1 to 5 Ki 44 Ma. bandc Shoki
I 1/2
Ki 102 a. b and c Randy'. 147 MB 150 to 157 see Bloch
Kaydet see Boeing Model 75 MBR 2 and 2 bis see Beriev 164
M C 200 Saetta see Macchi
Ki 15 I. II Babs' see Mitsubishi M C 201 see Macchi Ki 44 III Shoki To,., 166
M C 202 see Macchi C 202 .
Ki 21 I, Ma and Mb Sally' see M C 205V see Macchi C 205V
Ki 49 I. Donryu Helen 164
Mitsubishi . •

Ki-27a and 27b Nate' see Nakaiima Ki 49 lla. Mb Donryu Helen'. 173

41 Ki-30 'Ann' see Mitsubishi Messerschmitt 164 166
Ki 36 (Army Type 98) see Tachikawa Ki 49 III Donryu Helen'. 166
He 162 Salamander, 42; He 162A 2, Bf 109B, 46, 47, 49, 212
Ki58. 166
42. 42; Ki-43 I to Ic Hayabusa 'Oscar' see Bt 109C, 49 Ki 84 I to Ic Hayate Frank 166 m01W1 and W2 Tofc* Lorn*'

He 177 Grerl, 41; He 177AO, A-5. Nakajima BM09D 49 51 167 168 169 Kyushu

41; Ki-43 Ma and b Hayabusa 'Oscar' Bf 109E, 46 47 49. 52 Ki 115 Tsurugi. 169 Q1W1 K Tokai Ren Loma' m*
BM09F. 49 50, 52 Nate' see Nakaiima Ki 27a and 27b
He 219 Uhu, 43; He 219A 0. A 7. see Nakaiima Kyushu
B. C, 43; He 219V 1, 43; He Nell' see Mitsubishi G3M. M2 and M3
219C-1. 43; He 219A 5 ,'R1. 43, Ki 43 Ilia and b Hayabusa Oscar' Bf 109G, 48, 49 QB 17 see Boeing B
He219A 7 R4. 43, He 219A I* i Ki 45 and 45A Queen Bee IDH82BI see De HaviUand
see Nakajima Bf 109H, 46. 49 North America
5/R2. 43; Ki44 la, b, c, Ma, b. clll Shoki Bf 109Ha 1109 and 1112. 49 H>A
He 274, 41 F 82 Twin Mustang, 242, 243. 244
He 277. 41 'Tojo' see Nakajima Bf 109K, 49
NA 16 IT 6 Texan, Harvardl.
Ki-45 and 45A, Toryu 'Nick' see Bf 109S99. 49
246
Kawasaki Bf 109 S199, 49
NA«2 B 25 Mitchell. 247
Helen' see Naka|ima Ki-49-l, II, III Ki-46-l to IVb. Dinah' see Bf 110B senes, 58 P 51 A 36 Mustang, 238 239
Donryu
Mitsubishi Bf HOC 56, 59. 60 240. 241. 242. 243 244 R4D 8 see Douglas
Hellcat see Grumman F6F Northrop R5D 1 to 6 see Douglas C 54A to J
Ki-48 I, lla, Mb and He 'Lily see Bf.110D, 58. 60 R 10 see Sukhcn ANT 51
A 17A. 221
Helldrver see Curtiss SB2C-1 to -5 Kawasaki Bf 110G. 55. 56 59 60 BT 1. 2. 221 Randy' see Kawasaki Ki 102 a.
b and c
Henschel Ki-49-l. II. clll see Nakajima Bf 110H, 60 P-61 Black Widow. 248
Rata' (Rati see Polikarpov 1 16
Hs 123. A 1. 44. 44 45 Ki-55 (Army Type 99) 'Ida' see Me 163 Komet, 72; Me 163B 1 Type 6
Hs 126A, B. 44, 44, 45 72; Me 163B 1a, 73
Hs 122, 44 Tachikawa Me 210, 72; Me 210A, B, C, 72; Re 2000 Falco I (Falconl see Reggiane
Hs 129A, B, 61 Me 210A 2, 72 Re 2001 Falco II IFalconi see
Hereford I see Handley Page H P 53 Ki-58 see Nakajima Me 262, 74; Me 262A la
Schwalbe, 74. Me 262A-2 Reggiane
Homisse see Messerschmitt Ki-61-l. II and III. Hien 'Tony' see Sturmvogel. 74; Me 262B 1a 74; Onone (Ononl see Macchi C 205N Re 2002 Anete IRaml see Reggiane
Kawasaki Me 262A 1a U3. 75. Me 262A Re 2005 Sagittano (Archer) see
'Oscar" see Nakajima Ki-43 1 to 1c.
Ki-84-l to Ic Hayate Frank' see Reggiane
11a b b, 111a & b
Horsa I £t II see Airspeed A.S.51 Nakajima Reggiane
Owl see Focke Wulf FW189 Re 2000 Falco I (Falcon). 138 139
H.P.52 Hampden I see Handley Page Ki- 100 see Kawasaki Oxford I & II see Airspeed A S 10 Re 2001 Falco II IFalconi. 138.
Oxford III V see Airspeed A.S. 46
H.P.53 Hereford I see Handley Page Ki-102a, b and c Randy' see 2a, 75 139
Re 2002 Anete (Rami. 139
HP, 57 Halifax I see Handley Page Kawasaki Me 263, 73 Re 2005 Sagittano lArcheri 138
Me 321, 74. 75; Me 321A. B, 74; Reporter see Northrop P-61
MkHP. 59 Halifax II Series IA. Ill see Ki- 1 15 Tsurugi see Nakajima
Me321A-l. 175 Republic
Handley Page Kittyhawk I see Curtiss P-40D
Me 323 Gigant, 74; Me 3230, P-47 Thunderbolt 249. 250 251
HP 61 Halifax Mk V. B, VI and VIII, Kirtyhawk II see Curtiss P-40F E, 74, Me 323D-1 , 74
Me 410 Homisse. 72; Me 410 A. Ro37 Meridionale. 134
C VIII and A. IX see Handley Kittyhawk III see Curtiss P-40K B, 72; Me410A-1. 73; Me 410A- P-38 Lightning. 227 Roc 1 see Blackburn
PV-1 B-34 Ventura, 228 RP conversion see Lockheed P-38
Page Kittyhawk IV see Curtiss P-40N PIYI and PIYI-S Ginga Frances' see Ryasei (Shooting Starl see Aichi B7A
Komet see Messerschmitt
Hs 122 see Henschel Yokosuka
PIY2 and PIY2-S Ginga 'Frances' see
Hs 123 see Henschel Kyushu 3. 72
Hs 126 see Henschel Meteor I and III see Gloster G.41 Yokosuka
Hs 129A, B see Henschel K11W 1 and W2 Shiragiku (white P 11 a, b and c see PZL
Hudson I to VI see Lockheed Model
Chrysanthemum) 148 MiG-1 1-61) see Mikoyan P23 Karas (Carp) A and 8 see PZL
414 P.37 Los (Elk) A and B see PZL
Kyushu MiG-3 see Mikoyan
P-38 Lightning see Lockheed
Q1 W1 and W2 Tokai (Eastern Seal MiG-5 see Mikoyan
P-39 C, D, L and Q see Bell
Hurricane I to II see Hawker 'Loma' 149 MiG-7 see Mikoyan
P-40 E see Curtiss
Kyushu Mikoyan P-40 K see Curtiss
Q1W1-K Tokai Ren (Eastern Sea P-40 V see Curtiss
MiG-1 (1-611.180
P.43 Karas' (Carp) A and B see PZL
Trainerl 'Loma', 149 MiG 3. 181
MiG 5. 180 P-47 B. C. D. M and N see Republic
I-5 see Polikarpov I- 15 S-1 to -4 see Polikarpov
1-15 see Polikarpov MiG-7. 180 P 50 see Piaggio P 108
I- 15 bis see Polikarpov &S 25 Sundertand I. II. Ill V (M.R.V I
1-16 see Polikarpov P 51 A 36 Mustang see North
I-22 see Lavochkin Miles Amencan see Short
I-61 see Mikoyan MiG-1
1-153 see Polikarpov L2D see Douglas M.9 Master Mk I. 111 P 59 A see Bell S-29 Stirling see Short
'Ida' see Tachikawa Ki-55 (Army Type La-5 see Lavochkin P-61 A, B and C see Northrop P-61
La-5FN see Lavochkin M 19 Master Mk II. 111 P-63 A — E King cobra see Bell S 328 see Letov
991 La-7 see Lavochkin P 70A see Douglas DB-7, A 20
11-2 Stormovik see llyushin La-7U see Lavochkin M. 25 Martinet. Ill P.82 Defiant I and II see Boulton Paul S 528 see Letov
II-2M3 Stormovik see llyushin La-9 see Lavochkin
11-10 Stormovik see llyushin La-1 1 see Lavochkin M 27 Master Mk III. 111 MP 108 A, B, C, and T see Piaggio Saetta see Macchi M C 200
La GG-1 see Lavochkin
llyushin La GG-3 see Lavochkin Mistel composite aircraft see Junkers 'Paul' see Aichi E16A Zuiun Sagittano (Archer! see Reggiane
Lancaster see Avro 683 PB-1G see Boeing B-17
BSL-2 Stormovik prototype, 175 Lavochkin Ju88P-1 PB 2Y-1 to 5 Coronado see Re 2005
DB-3, 178, 196
DB-3F 111-4), 178 I 22. 180 Mitchell see North American NA-62 Consolidated vultee Salamander see Heinkel
II-2 Stormovik, 175 1-301, 180 PB4Y-2 Privateer see Consolidated
II-2M3 Stormovik. 175 Mitsubishi Sally' see Mitsubishi Ki 21 I lla
11-10 Stormovik. 175 La-5, 176 Vultee
TsKB 26, 178 La-5FN, 176. 177. 178 A5M1 to A5M4 Claude 149 and Mb
TsKB 30. 178 La-7. 176. 177 , PBJ series see North American NA-62
TsKB 57 Stormovik prototype. La-7u PBM-1 to-5A see Martin Model 162 Savoia-Marchettj
175 La-9, 179 F1M1 and M2 Pete'. 152. 153 PBO-1 see Lockheed Model 414
La-11. 179 G3M. L3Y conversion 'Tina', 152 SM79 Sparviero I. II. III. B and JR.
Invader see Douglas A-26, and JD-1 La GG-1. 180 G3M, M2 and M3 Nell'. 152 Hudson
La GG-3. 177. 180 G4M1 to G4M3c Betty'. 153 137
&'Irving' see Nakajima JINI-C, -F. -S La GG-5. 177 PBY-1 to-5A Catalina see
G6M, 153 Consolidated Vultee MS 81 Pipctrello (Batl. 140
C Kai LeO 45, 451, 451 B see SNCASE J2M1 to M7 Raiden Jack'. 154
Pe-2 see Pettyakov S.M 82 Canguru (Kangaroo).
&JINI-C, -F, -S Gekko C-Kai, 'Irving' Letov
S328 and 528 8, 9 Pe-2R see PetJyakov 134 140
see Nakajima Pe-2U see PetJyakov
Lexington see Lockheed PV-1/B-34 KM5-I. II Babs', 154 Pe-21 see Petlyakov SB-1 see Tupolev
J2M1 to M7 Raiden see Mitsubishi Li-2 see Douglas Ki-21-l, -lla and -lib Sally', 155
Libeccio (Southwest Wind) see Pe-3 bis see PetJyakov SB-2 see Tupolev
J-2/N-2 see Domier Pe-8 see Petlyakov
Caproni Ca 310 Ki-30 Ann', 156, 157 SB-2 bis (ANT-411 see Tupolev
'Jack' see Mitsubishi J2M1 to M7 Liberator see Consolidated Vultee 'Pete' see Mitsubishi F1M1 and M2
Ki-46-l to IVb Dinah'. 156. 157 SB2C-1 to -5 see Curtiss
Raiden B24 Petlyakov
'Jake' see Aichi E13A1 Model 32 see Consolidated Vultee B- ANT-42. 184 SBD 1 to -6 see Douglas
Ju 52/3m see Junkers Lightning see Lockheed P-38
Ju 86 D, E, G, K, P and R see 'Lily' see Kawasaki Ki-48-l.-lla.-llb, 24 PetJyakov Schwalbe see Messerschmitt

Junkers and He Model 70 Stearman see Boeing Pe-2, 182. 183 Sea Gladiator see Gloster S S.37
Lince (Lynx) see Breda Ba 88 Petlyakov Sea Hurricane IA to XIIA see Hawker
Ju 87 A, B and D see Junkers PT-13 to 27
Ju 87G see Junkers Model 414 Hudson I to VI 226 Model 73 Stearman see Boeing Pe-2R. 183 Sea Otter ASR II see Supermarine
Ju 87R see Junkers P-38 Lightning 227
Ju 88 see Junkers PV-l/B-34 Ventura 228 PT-13 to 27 Petlyakov Seafire see Supermarine
Ju 90 V4 see Junkers
Ju 188 see Junkers Loma' see Kyushu Q1W1 and W2 Model 75 Kaydet see Boeing Pe-2 U. 183 Seaplane see Arado
Ju 290 see Junkers
Ju 388 see Junkers Lysander see Westland Model 76 Stearman see Boeing PetJyakov Shiragiku (White Chrysanthemum) see

Judy' see Yokosuka D4Y1, 2, 3 & 4 M PT-13 to 27 Pe-3 bis. 183 Kyushu KIIW1 and W2
Model 123 bomber see Martin Petlyakov
'Jug' see Republic P-47 M 9 see Dornier Short
Junkers Model 139 bomber see Martin Pe-8, 184
M.9 Master Mk I see Miles Petlyakov VS.25 Sunderland I, II, III and
Ju 52/3m. 62 M. 19 Master Mk II see Miles
Model 162 see Martin Pe-21, 183 (M.R.V I, 112, 113
Ju86D, E, G, K, Pand R, 63 M 25 Martinet see Miles
Model 166 bomber see Martin Petlyakov S29 Stirling I to V. 112. 113
Ju 87 A, B and D, 64. 65. 66 M-25A see Gotha
Ju 87 G 65. 66 Model 167 Maryland see Martin TB-7, 184 Skua II see Blackburn
Ju87 R. 65 M 27 Master Mk III see Miles Pfeil see Domier
Model 179 Marauder see Martin Skymaster see Douglas C-54 A to J
Ju 88 A -4, 67. 68 69 M.62 PT-19. -23 and -26 see Fairchild Model 187 Baltimore I to V see Martin Piaggio
Macchi Model 299 Fortress prototype see Skytrain see Douglas C-47
Ju 88 C-6. 67 P 108 ABC. M andT, 136
C.202 Folgore (Lightning), 135, 136 MS 79 Sparviero see Savoia-
Ju88G7, 67 68, 69 C 205N Onone (Ononl, 135. 136 Piper Enforcer see North American P-
Ju88P 1, 68 C 205V Veltro (Greyhound). 138, Boeing 51/A36 Marchetti
Ju88S -1. 68 1 36
Model 345 see Boeing Pipistrello (Bat) see Savoia-Marchetti S.M.81 Pipistrello (Bat) see Savoia-
Ju 90 V4 (Pre 290) development M C 200 Saetta (Sene l-XXI). S M.81
Model 414 see Lockheed Marchetti
134 Mohawk IV see Curtiss P-36A Po-2 see Polikarpov
S.M. 82 Canguru Kangaroo see
Polikarpov
ii
1-15. 184, 185
Morane-Saulnier Savoia-Marchetti
1-15 bis. 185
MS. 405. 15 1-16 Type 1, 184. 186 Sncase
1-16 Type 4. 186
M.S.406C-1. 14. 15, 16 LeO 45, 451, 451 B, 17
SNJ
Mosquito 1 to 43 see De Havilland
SNJ series see North American
OH 98

M.S. 405 see Morane-Saulnier NA-6

M.S.406C-1 see Morane-Saulnier Sparviero see Savoia-Marchetti

'Mule' (NATO) see Polikarpov Po-2 S.M79

Mustang see North American Spitfire see Supermarine
S S 37 Gladiator I and II and Sea
P-51/A36

MXY-7 Ohka 'Baka' see Yokosuka Gladiator see Gloster

Myrt' see Nakajima C6N-1, 1-B Stahl-7 see Yermolaev

and IS Stearman see Boeing PT-13

Stieglitz see Focke-Wulf

N Stiriing see Short S.29

NIK1-J and NIK2-J Shiden 'George' Storch see Fieseler Fi 156

see Kawanishi Sturmvogel see Messerschmm

Su-2 see Sukhoi

Su-6 see Sukhoi TB 25 (AT-24) see North American Armstrong Type 415 and 440 Wellington XI,
NA62 Type 440 Wellington see Vickers- 121, 122
Sukhoi Type 415 and 440 Wellington Y1B 17 see Boeing
TB 32 see Consolidated Vultee Armstrong XII, 122 Yak-IM see Yakovlev
ANT 51, 189 TBD-1 see Douglas Type 460 Warwick IC.III) see Vickers- Type 415 and 440 Wellington Yak 3 see Yakovlev
BB 1. 189 TBF/TBM Avenger see Grumman XIII, 122 Yak 7D1 see Yakovlev
Armstrong Type 415 and 440 Wellington Yak 9 see Yakovlev
Su-2, 189 TBM Avenger see Eastern Aircraft Type 462 Warwick (ASR.I) see XIV, 122
Yak-9D and DD see Yakovlev
Su-6, 189 Tempest V and VI see Hawker Vickers- Armstrong Type 415 and 440 Wellington XV
Type 473 Warwick IGR.V) see Yak 9P see Yakovlev
Sunderland see Short S.25 Thunderbolt see Republic P-47 fc> XVI, 122 Yak 9T see Yakovlev
Vickers- Armstrong Yak-9V see Yakovlev
Sunderland Tiger Moth I and II see De Mavilland Typhoon 1A and IB see Hawker Type 460 Warwick (C Mil. 123 Yakovlev
D H,82and82A Type 462 Warwick (ASR.1), 123
Superfortress see Boeing B 29 u Type 473 Warwick (GR.V). 123 Yak 1M, 194
Tigercat see Grumman F7F-1 to -4N Vildebeest I to IV see Vickers Yak 3, 194, 195
Supermarine Tina' see Mitsubishi G3M, L3Y U-2 see Polikarpov Vincent (Types 267, 286 and 2661 see Yak-7D1, 196
U.8 to 10 see Fairey Firefly Yak 9, 196
SeaOtterASR.il, 114 conversion Vickers Yak-9D and DD, 194, 196
USAAF Vought Yak-9P, 196
Seafire IB, 118 'Tojo' see Nakajima Ki-44 Shoki AT 20 see Avro 652A IT. 22
PT-24 see De Havilland D H.82 V 166B F4U Corsair, 252 Yak-9T, 196
Seafire IIC. 118 Tomahawk I see Curtiss P-40B Yak-9U, 196
Tomahawk II B see Curtiss P-40C and 82A Vultee
Seafire III. 118 Tony' see Kawasaki Ki 61-1, II and III A-31 and -35 Vengeance I IV, 253 YB 29 see Boeing B-29
V
Seafire XV (later F.15), 118 Hien w Yer-2 see Yermolaev
V-166B see Vought Yer-2 bis see Yermolaev
Seafire XVII (F.17), 118 TP conversion see Lockheed P-38 'Val' see Aichi D3A1 and D3A2 Waco Yermolaev
TsKB-3 see Polikarpov Vega 37 see Lockheed PV-1 /B-34 CG-4A Haig, 253
Seafire 45, 118 TsKB 12 see Polikarpov 1-16 Veltro (Greyhound) see Macchi DB-240,196
TsKB 26 see llyushin Walrus see Supermarine Stahl7,196
Seafire 46. 118 TsKB 30 see llyushin C.205V. Warhawk see Curtiss P-40F
TsKB 57 see llyushin Vengeance see Vultee A-31 Warwick see Vickers-Armstrong Yer 2, 1%
Seafire 47, 118 Tu-2 see Tupolev
Ventura I to V see Lockheed Types 460, 462 and 473 Yer 2 bis, 196
Spitfire Mk.l. 115, 212 Tu-4 see Tupolev Wellesley I and II see Vickers Type Yokosuka
PV-1 /B-34
Spitfire Mk.ll. 115,117 Tu-6 see Tupolev 287 D4Y1 and 1C Suisei Judy', 170
Tu-70 see Tupolev V i c k c rs Wellington see Vickers-Armstrong D4Y2, 2-C and 2-S Suisei
MkSpitfire III, 115 Type 287 Wellesley I and II. 119 Judy', 170
Tupolev Types 415 and 440 D4Y3 Suisei Judy', 170
Spitfire Mk.IV, 115 ANT-6, 191 Vildebeest I to IV, 119 Westland D4Y4 Suisei Judy', 170
Vincent (Types 267, 286 and
Spitfire Mk V, 115. 116, 118 ANT40, 190 266), 119 Lysander I, II, III and IMA, 124, 125 MXY-7 Model 11 & 22 Ohka
Vickers- Armstrong Whirlwind I, I A, 124, 125
MkSpitfire VI, 115 ANT-58. 191 Type 415 and 440 Wellington I, 121, Baka', 171
122 Whirlwind I, IA see Westland P1Y1 Model 11 Ginga 'Frances',
Spitfire Mk.VII, 115 SB 1, 190 Type 415 and 440 Wellington II, Whitley I to VIII see Armstrong
SB 2, 190 122 171
Spitfire Mk. VIM, 115 SB-2bis (ANT 41), 190 Type 415 and 440 Wellington III, Whitworth A 38
120, 121, 122 Wildcat see Grumman F4F/FM P1Y1 S Ginga Frances', 171
Spitfire Mk IX, 115, 116 TB-3 Type 1932, 191 Type 415 and 440 Wellington IV, Wirraway see North American NA 16 P1Y2 Ginga Frances', 171
122 P1Y2 S Ginga Frances', 171
Spitfire Mk X, 116 TB-3 Type 1934, 191 Type 415 and 440 Wellington V, YP-59, -59A see Bell
TB 3 Type 1936, 191 122
MkSpitfire XI, 116 Type 415 and 440 Wellington VI,
Tu-2, 191 122
Spitfire Mk.XII, 116 Tu-4, 202 Type 415 and 440 Wellington
VII, 122
Spitfire Mk.XIII. 116 Tu-6, 191 Type 415 and 440 Wellington
VIM, 122
Spitfire Mk XIV, 116 Tu-70, 202 Type 415 and 440 Wellington IX,
Type 72 see Vultee A-31 122
Spitfire Mk. XVI, 116 Type 99 Model II see Aichi D3A1 Type 415 and 440 Wellington X,
Type 100 Barracuda I, II, III and IV 122
Spitfire Mk XVIII, 116
Spitfire Mk XIX, 118 see Fairey
Type 142 Blenheim M, 149 and 160
Spitfire 21, 117, 118
see Bristol
Spitfire 22, 117, 118 Type 152 Beaufort I to VIII see Bristol
Type 156 Beaufighter I to TF.X. see
Spitfire 24, 118
Bristol
Walrus I and II. 114
Type 266 Vincent see Vickers
Swordfish I to IV see Fairey Type 267 Vincent see Vickers
Type 286 Vincent see Vickers
TV IT 51 see Fokker Type 287 Wellesley see Vickers XB-29 see Consolidated Vultee Z.501 and 501 bis Gabbiano (Gull) see
Type 415 Wellington see Vickers- Cant
T-6 Texan see North American NA-16 XB-32 see Consolidated Vultee
T-6G see North American NA-16 Z.506B Airone (Heronl see Cant
T.8W see Fokker XC 108 see Boeing B-17 Z 506S (Soccorso) see Cant Z.506B
T.20, 21 and 22 see Avro 652 XP 3Y-1 see Consolidated Vultee
Tachikawa Airone
PBY-1
Ki 36 (Army Type 98I, 170 XP-38 to P-38M see Lockheed P 38 Z 1007 Alcione see Cant
Ki-55 (Army Type 99) Ida', 170 XP-47B see Republic P-47 Z 1007 bis Alcione see Cant
Z.1018 Leone (Lion) see Cant
TB-3, Type 1932 see Tupolev XP-59, -59A see Bell Zuiun (Auspicious Cloud) see Aichi
TB-3, Type 1934 see Tupolev
TB-3, Type 1936 see Tupolev XPB2Y 1 see Consolidated Vultee E16A
TB 7 see Petlyakov
PB2Y-1

XTBD 1 see Douglas

XTBG-1 see Great Lakes

Picture credits SMA. (top left and bottom left) SIAI Marchetti S p A 141 : (top) Interinfo: (bottom)

MB.US Navy 142: M B. Passingham Collection 143: (top) Passingham Col-

lection; (bottom) US Navy 144: US Navy (J G Moore Collection) 145: (top

Mleft) IWM. (top right) US Navy (J G Moore Collection: (bottom) B Passing-

The publishers wish to thank the following organisations and individuals who have Mham 146-147: Pilot Press Ltd 148: (top) Pilot Press Ltd, (bottom) B

supplied photographs for this book Photographs have been credited by page Passingham Collection 149: (bottom left) Fujifotos (J G Moore Collection);
number.
(bottom right) Intennfo 150: (top) Fujifotos (J G Moore Collection), (bottom

two) Robert Hunt Library 151-152: Fujifotos (J G Moore Collection) 153:

Jacket: Charles E Brown J title: J G Moore Collection. Title page: US Navy M(top) B Passingham Collection; (bottom) Interinfo 155: (top) IWM. (bottom)

Credits and contents page: Charles E Brown Foreword page: Charles E US Navy M157: (top) B Passingham Collection (bottom) IWM 158: Fujifotos

M MBrown, page 8: Intennfo. 11-12: (J G Moore Collection) 159: (top) US Navy: (bottom) M B Passingham
B Passingham Collection; 13 (top) B Collection 160-170: M B Passingham Collection 171: (top) M B Passingham

MPassingham Collection, (bottom) J Cuny via B Passingham Collection. 16

M(top): IWM 17 B. Passingham Collection 18-20: Pilot Press Ltd 21: (top) Collection, (bottom) US Navy 172-173: J B Cynck (Polish Aircraft Archives).

IWM. (bottom) Pilot Press Ltd. 22: (top) Pilot Press Ltd. 23: (top and bottom) 174: M B Passingham Collection 175: Novosti 177-178: M B Passingham

Pilot Press Ltd.: (centre) J G. Moore Collection 24: J. G Moore Collection. Collection 181: IWM 182-183: Novosti 184: (left) Carson Seeley (M B

25-27 Pilot Press Ltd 28: (top and centre) Pilot Press Ltd. (bottom) Dormer MPassingham Collection), (right) Novosti 185: (top) Novosti; (bottom) B

Pressestelle 29: Pilot Press Ltd 30: (top) Pilot Press Ltd: (bottom) Fokker-VFW MPassingham Collection 187: Novosti 188: (top) B Passingham Collection,

31 : J G Moore Collection 32-34: Pilot Press Ltd 35: J G Moore Collection. (bottom) Robert Hunt Library 189: M B Passingham Collection 190: Novosti

36-37: Pilot Press Ltd 39: Bapty and Co 40: J G Moore Collection 41: (top) 191: M B Passingham Collection 195-196: Novosti 197: USAF (J MacClancy

Pilot Press Ltd: (bottom) IWM 42-44: Pilot Press Ltd 45: J G Moore Collection Collection) 198: (top) J MacClancy Collection, (bottom) Bell Aerospace

46: (left) Bapty: (right) Pilot Press Ltd 47: J G. Moore Collection. 48: Pilot Press Textron 199: (top) Bell Aerospace Textron; (bottom) USAF 201: USAF (J

Ltd 58-59: J G Moore Collection, (bottom) Messerschmirt Archiv. 62: Pilot MacClancy Collection) 202: J G Moore Collection 203: (top) USAF, (bottom)

Press Ltd 62-63: J. G Moore Collection 65: Robert Hunt Library 66: J G Moore USAF (J MacClancy Collection). 204: (top) J MacClancy Collection: (bottom)

IWMCollection 67: Pilot Press Ltd 68: 69: (top) Pilot Press Ltd; (bottom) USAF 205: USAF 207: USAF (J Scutts Collection) 208: Convair (General

Bapty 70-71: Pilot Press Ltd 72: Pilot Press Ltd 73: (top) IWM. (bottom) Pilot Dynamics) 209: (bottom left) IWM. (bottom right) US Navy 211: (top) US Navy

Press Ltd 74-75: Pilot Press Ltd 76-78: IWM 79: (top) Hawker Siddeley (J MacClancy Collection); (bottom) J G Moore Collection 212-213: J

Aviation; (bottom) IWM 80-82: IWM 83: Hawker Siddeley 84-90: IWM 91 : MacClancy Collection 214: US Navy 215: (top) Pilot Press Ltd. (bottom) US
Navy 216: (top) J MacClancy Collection, (bottom) IWM 217: (top) J G Moore
John G Moore Collection 92: Hawker Siddeley 93: (top) IWM: (bottom) Paul
Collection, (bottom) USAF 218: McDonnell Douglas 219: (top) USAF (bottom)
Popper Ltd 94: (top) Hawker Siddeley (Philip Byrtles Collection): (bottom) IWM
97-102: IWM 103: Charles E. Brown 104: IWM 105-106: Hawker Siddeley McDonnell Douglas. 220: (top) USAF. (bottom) US Navy 221: (top) USAF.
107: IWM 108: (top) IWM: (centre) Hawker Siddeley. (bottom) Charles E
(bottom) US Navy (J. Scutts Collection) 224: US Navy (J MacClancy Collection).

Brown 109: (top) Hawker Siddeley; (bottom) IWM. 110: (top) IWM; (bottom) 225: (top) Bill Gunston Collection, (centre) US Navy (J Scutls Collection);

Charles E Brown. 111: IWM 112-113: IWM 114: (top) IWM, (bottom) Pilot (bottom) Paul Popper Ltd 226: J G Moore Collection 227: J MacClancy

Press Ltd 115: J. G. Moore Collection 116: IWM 117: J MacClancy Collection. Collection. 228: (top) US Navy: (bottom) Pilot Press Ltd 229: (top) US Navy:
118: (top) IWM. (bottom) Charles E Brown 119: IWM 121 : J Scutts Collection
122: (top) IWM; (bottom) J Scutts Collection 123: IWM 124: IWM 125: (top (bottom) USAF 236: J MacClancy Collection 238: J MacClancy Collection

left) Westland Helicopters Ltd; (top right) US Navy; (bottom) Westland Hellicopters 239: Paul Popper Ltd 243-244: USAF 245: (top) SMA: (bottom) US Navy.
MBLtd. 126-127: VFW-Fokker. 128: (top) VFW-Fokker; (bottom) 246: J G Moore Collection 247: (top) J MacClancy Collection; (bottom) USAF

Passingham 248: (top) Bill Gunston Collection, (bottom) USAF (J Scutts Collection) 249:
USAF 250: Fairchild Republic Co. 251: J. MacClancy Collection 252: (ton) US
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SMASMA: (bottom) SIAI Marchetti S p A 138: 140: (top right and bottom right) Navy; (bottom) Jerry Miller 253: IWM

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