Trialstpm2019johorp3

Section A

Answer all questions

1. A simple harmonic motion oscillator is created by
suspending a mass from an ideal spring attached to
a support. The mass is pulled from its equilibrium
position a distance A in the negative-y direction as
shown, and release from rest at time t = 0. The
mass oscillates up and down with period T. Which
are the

correct displacement-time and velocity time graphs
for this oscillation?
AC

BD

2. A simple harmonic motion is defined as the motion of a particle such that A

Its displacement x from the equilibrium position is always by the expression

= 0
B Its displacement x from the equilibrium position is related to its velocity by the expression

=
C Its acceleration is proportional to, and in the opposite direction to, the displacement from the

equilibrium position

D Its acceleration is always 2 0

3. A point source produces spherical waves. The power emitted by the source is 1.50 W.
What is the intensity of the waves at a distance of 2.0 m from the source?

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A 0.06 W m-2 C 0.60 W m-2

B 0.03 W m-2 D 0.30 W m-2

4. A vibration generator produces a progressive wave on a rope. The Figure 1 shows the
rope at one instant. The wave travels at a speed of 4.0 ms-1.

Figure 1

What are the wavelength and the frequency of the wave?

Wavelength Frequency Wavelength Frequency
15 Hz
A 0.13 m 15 Hz C 0.27 m 30 Hz

B 0.13 m 30 Hz D 0.27 m

5. Two similar progressive waves travelling in the opposite direction with wavelength of 1.0 m.
frequencies of 5 Hz and amplitudes of 0.25 m respectively. At time t=0, the displacement at x
is zero. What is the expression of a resultant wave when the two progressive waves
superimposed?

A 0.25 cos2 10 C 0.5 cos2 10
B 0.25 cos10 sin 2 D 0.5 cos10 sin 2

6. Which statement is true about electromagnetic and sound waves?
A The electromagnetic wave can be polarised but the sound wave cannot be polarised
B The sound wave shows doppler effect but the electromagnetic wave does not
C Both waves propagate energy through vibrations of particles D Both waves require a

medium for propagation

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7. A closed pipe has a length of 6.2 cm. If the fundamental frequency is 1500 Hz, what is the
frequency for the first overtone and the end-correction of the pipe?

Frequency End-correction Frequency End-correction
4500 Hz 0.2 cm
A 3 000 Hz 1.2 cm C 4500 Hz 1.2 cm

B 3 000 Hz 0.2 cm D

8. Cars P and Q moving in the same direction with their velocity 90.0 ms-1 and 80.0 ms-1
respective as shown in the diagram 1 below.

Diagram 1
If the driver of car P honks the horn with frequency of 1500 Hz, what is the frequency of the
sound heard by the driver of car Q? [ The speed of sound in air is 300 ms-1]
A 825 Hz C 1432 Hz
B 1539 Hz D 2659 Hz

9. The radius of curvature of a spherical concave mirror is 20 cm. What are the characteristics of
the image formed by the mirror if an object is placed 15 cm in front of the mirror.

A Upright, virtual, magnified and located behind the mirror
B Upright, virtual, diminished and located behind the mirror
C Inverted, real, magnified and located in front the mirror
D Inverted, real, diminished and located in front the mirror

10 . A person who has a long-sighted vision can only see clearly when objects are at a distance of
90.0 cm and beyond. For a normal vision, objects can be seen clearly at a distance as near as
A 25.0 cm. What is the focal length of the corrective lens that enables the person to have a
B normal vision?

+ 19.6 cm C +34.6 cm
-19. 6 cm D -34.6 cm

11. A beam of light with wavelength 640 nm passes through a diffraction grating and spread out
into three beams as shown in figure 2 below. Determine the spacing between the slits of
grating.

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Figure 2

A 480 nm C 860 nm
B 640 nm D 960 nm

12. An optical fibre is a physical structure usually made of plastic or glass which is able to
transmit light through it. Which statement is not true about the optical fibre.

A Optical fibre is used in the telecommunication and medical diagnostic.
B Optical fibre consists of a transparent medium surrounded by a material of higher refractive

index.
C Optical fibre causes almost no loss in intensity when light is transmitted through it.
D Optical fibre is used total internal reflection to transmit light through it.

13. What is the de Broglie wavelength of a proton with a kinetic energy of 100 eV?

A 4.14 × 10−17 C 1.23 × 10−10 B 2.87 × 10−12 D 5.74

× 10−12

14. The characteristics lines in the X-ray spectrum is produced when
A An electron at the highest energy level is captured into the nucleus
B the incident electron successfully knocks out an electron from the outermost orbit of the
target atom
C An electron in the target atom makes a transition to the innermost orbit
D The incident electron undergoes deceleration and radiates all its energy as a photon

15. A nucleus of uranium-238, 23892 , decays in a series of steps to form a nucleus of lead-206,

20682 . An α particle or β particle is emitted during each step.

What is the total number of β particles that are emitted?

A6 C 10

B8 D 16

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16. (a) Section B [ 15 marks]

Answer all questions

State the difference between a stationary wave and a progressive wave in terms of
(i) The energy transfer along the wave
………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………….
(ii) The phase of two adjacent vibrating particles.
………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………….. [2 m]
(b) A tube is open at both ends. A loudspeaker, emitting sound of a single
frequency, is placed near one end of the tube, as shown in Figure 16.1.

Figure 16.1
The speed of the sound in the tube is 340 ms-1. The length of
the tube is 0.60 m.
A stationary wave is formed with an antinode A at each end of the tube and two antinodes
inside the tube.
(i) State what is meant by an antinode of the stationary wave.

…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………… ………………………………. [1 m]
(ii) State the distance between a node and an adjacent antinode.

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…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………….. [1 m]
(iii) Determine, for the sound in the tube,
a) Wavelength

b) Frequency

[2 m]

17. (a) The emission spectrum of atomic hydrogen consists of a number of discrete

wavelengths. Explain how this observation leads to an understanding that there are

discrete electron energy levels in atoms.

………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………… [1 m]

(b) Some electron energy levels in atomic hydrogen are illustrated in Figure below.

Figure

The longest wavelength produced as a result of electron transitions between two of the
energy levels shown in figure is 4.0 x 10-6 m.

(i) On figure above, draw and mark with letter L, the transition giving rise to the

wavelength of 4.0 x 10-6 m. [1 m]

(ii) Draw and mark with letter S, the transition giving rise to the shortest

wavelength. [1 m]

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(iii) Calculate the wavelength for the transition you have shown in 17(b)(ii).

[3 m]
(c) Photon energies in the visible spectrum vary between approximately 3.66 eV
and 1.83 eV. Determine the energies, in eV of photon in the visible spectrum that are
produced by transitions between the energy levels shown in Figure above.

[2 m]

Section C [ 30 marks]

Answer any two questions

18. (a) State Huygens’ principle. [2 m]

(b) A monochromatic beam of wavelength 640 nm is incident perpendicularly onto a pair of

slits. The separation of the slits is 8.0 µm. A series of bright and dark fringes are formed

on the screen located at a distance of 2.5 m from the slit.

(i) Based on the Huygens’ Principle, sketch a diagram to show the formation of wave

fronts which produce bright fringes on the screen. [3 m]

(ii) Calculate the distance between two adjacent bright and dark fringes, on the screen.

[3 m]

(iii) What happen to the fringe width when a shorter wavelength monochromatic

source is used? Give a reason. [2 m]

(iv) Describe the change in fringe pattern if the beam from one slit has its phase shifted

by half a wavelength relative to the beam from the other slit. [2 m]

(v) The whole apparatus is immersed in a liquid of refractive index 1.52. Calculate [3 m]
(i) The fringe separation of the interference pattern,
(ii) Fractional change in fringe separation.

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19. (a) An object is placed 30.0 cm in front of a concave mirror with a focal length of 8.50 cm.

(i) Sketch the ray diagram of the image [2
m]

(ii) calculate the position of the image [2 m]

(iii) determine the magnification of the image [2 m]

(iv) State the characteristics of the image [1 m]

(b) An object, a bi-convex lens and a meniscus lens are arranged as shown in the diagram 19
below.

Diagram 19
The meniscus lens has radii of curvature 15.0 cm and 10.0 cm respectively, is made of

glass with refractive index n = 1.5. It is placed 40.0 cm behind the bi-convex lens of

focal length 12.0 cm. The object is placed 28 cm in front of the bi-convex lens.

Determine

(i) The focal length of the meniscus lens, [2 m]

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(ii) The position of the final image formed by the arrangement, [3 m]
(iii) The magnification of the final image, [2 m]
(iv) State the characteristics of final image, [1 m]

20. (a) Radioactivity is a random and spontaneous disintegration of unstable nuclei.

What is meant by random and spontaneous in the statement above? [2

m]

(b) An alpha decay of Uranium-238 is represented by 23892 → 23490 ℎ + 42 .

The nucleus of the Uranium which is initially at rest emits an alpha particle and produces
a daughter nucleus 23490 ℎ recoils. Calculate the

(i) Energy released in the decay, [3 m]

(ii) Velocity of the alpha particle emitted in the decay, [3 m]

[mass of 23892 is 238.050786 u, mass of 23490 ℎ is 234.043583 u,
mass of 42 is 4.002603 u]

(c) 0.3 % of the human body mass is potassium of which only 0.0117 % of

the potassium are isotope. [3 m]
(i) Calculate the number of isotope atoms per kilogram of the human body.
(ii) If the half-life of 4019 is 1.28 x 109 years, calculate the rate of decay of

4019 in Bq per kilogram in the human body. [4 m]
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[ mass of 4019 atom is 39.964000 u, mass of 4020 atom is 39.962591 u]
END OF QUESTIONS

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Section A
Answer all questions
1. A simple harmonic motion oscillator is created by suspending a
mass from an ideal spring attached to a support. The mass is
pulled from its equilibrium position a distance A in the negative-
y direction as shown, and release from rest at time t = 0. The
mass oscillates up and down with period T. Which are the correct
displacement-time and velocity time graphs for this oscillation?
Answer : D

AC

BD

2. A particle moves constantly in a circle centered at the origin with a period of 4.0 seconds. If its
position at time t=0 seconda is (2,0) meters, two possible equation describing the particle’s x and
y-component are:
answer: A

AC

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BD

3. A vibration generator produces a progressive wave on a rope. The diagram shows the rope
at one instant. The wave travels at a speed of 4.0 ms-1.

Figure 1

What are the wavelength and the frequency of the wave?

Anwer: C


3 = 0.8 , = 0.27 , = = 15

Wavelength Frequency Wavelength Frequency
15
A 0.13 15 C 0.27 30

B 0.13 30 D 0.27

4. A point source produce spherical waves. The power emitted by the source is 1.50 W.

What is the intensity of the waves at a distance of 2.0 m from the source?

Answer : = =0.03 :B
4 2

A 0.06 W m-2 C 0.60 W m-2

B 0.03 W m-2 D 0.30 W m-2

5. Two similar progressive wave travelling in the opposite direction with wavelength of 1.0
m. frequencies of 5 Hz and amplitudes of 0.25 m respectively. At time t=0, the
displacement at x is zero. What is the expression of a resultant wave when the two
progressive waves superimposed?
Answer: C
When t = 0, y = 0
Equation for resultant wave when two wave superimposed
= 2 sin 2 cos 2 = 2(0.25) 2 (5) (2 ) =

1.0

0.5 10 2 =0.5cos2 10

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A 0.25 cos2 10 C 0.5 cos2 10
B 0.25 cos10 sin 2 D 0.5 cos10 sin 2

6. Which statement is true about electromagnetic and sound waves? Ans: A
A The electromagnetic wave can be polarised but the sound wave cannot be
polarised
B The sound wave shows doppler effect but the electromagnetic wave does not
C Both waves propagate energy through vibrations of particles
D Both waves require a medium for propagation

7. A closed pipe has a length of 6.2 cm. If the fundamental frequency is 1500 Hz, what is the

frequency for the first overtone and the end-correction of the pipe?

Answer: D

3 0 = 3(1500)
300
+ = 4 0 = 0.062 + = 4(1500) , = 0.012

Frequency End- Frequency End-correction

correction

A 3 000 Hz 1.2 cm C 4500 0.2 cm

B 3 000 Hz 0.2 cm D 4500 Hz 1.2 cm

8. Cars P and Q moving in the same direction with their respective velocity shown in the
diagram below.

Diagram

If the driver of car P honks the horn with frequency of 1500 Hz, what is the frequency of

the sound heard by the driver of car Q? [ The speed of sound in air is 300 ms-1]

Answer: = 0, =

′ = − 0 × = 300−90 × 1500 , answer: B
− 300−80

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A 825 Hz C 1432 Hz
B 1539 Hz D 2659 Hz

9. The radius of curvature of a spherical concave mirror is 20 cm. What are the characteristics
of the image formed by the mirror if an object is placed 15 cm in front of the mirror.
A Upright, virtual, magnified and located behind the mirror
B Upright, virtual, diminished and located behind the mirror
C Inverted, real, magnified and located infront the mirror
D Inverted, real, diminished and located in front the mirror

10 A person who has a long-sighted vision can only see clearly when objects are at a distance

. of 90.0 cm and beyond. For a normal vision, objects can be seen clearly at a distance as

near as 25.0 cm. What is the focal length of the corrective lens that enables the person to

have a normal vision? Answer: C 1 = 1 + 1

1 2

1 = 1+1= 1 = 1 + 1 , 1= 1 +1, 1 + 1 = 1 +1 ,1 + 1 + 1 = 1 + 1 , 2 =
1 90 2 25
1 25 1 2 25 90

34.6

A + 19.6 cm C +34.6 cm

B -19. 6 cm D -34.6 cm

11. A beam of light with wavelengths 640 nm passes through a diffraction grating and
spread out into three beams as shown in figure below.

Determine the spacing between the slits of grating. Answer: D

6 × 10−2(640 × 10−9)
= =
4 × 10−2

A 480 nm C 860 nm

B 640 nm D 960 nm

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12. An optical fibre is a physical structure usually made of plastic or glass which is able to
transmit light through it. Which statement is not true about the optical fibre. Answer B
A Optical fibre are used in the telecommunication and medical diagnostic.
B Optical fibre consists of a transparent medium surrounded by a material of
higher refractive index. (should be lower refractive index)
C Optical fibre cause almost no loss in intensity when light is transmitted through
it.
D Optical fibre are used total internal reflection to transmit light through it.

13. What is the de Broglie wavelength of a proton with a kinetic energy of 100 eV? Ans: B

1 2 = 100 , = 1.384 × 105
2

ℎ = 2.87 × 10−12
=

A 4.14 × 10−17 1.23 × 10−10

B 2.87 × 10−12 5.74 × 10−12

14. The characteristics lines in the X-ray spectrum is produced when ans: C
A An electron at the highest energy level is captured into the nucleus
B the incident electron successfully knocks out an electron from the outermost orbit
of the target atom
C An electron in the target atom makes a transition to the innermost orbit
D The incident electron undergoes deceleration and radiates all its energy as a
photon

15. A nucleus of uranium-238, 23982 , decays in a series of steps to form a nucleus of lead-206,
20862 . An α particle or β particle is emitted during each step.
What is the total number of β particles that are emitted? Ans: A

Mass: 238- 206 - 4α=0 , α = 8
Proton no: 92-82-16= -β

A6 C 10

B8 D 16

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Section B
Answer all questions
16. (a) State the difference between a stationary wave and a progressive wave in terms of
(i) The energy transfer along the wave
………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………….
(ii) The phase of two adjacent vibrating particles.
………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………….. [2 m]
(b) A tube is open at both ends. A loudspeaker, emitting sound of a single frequency, is
placed near one end of the tube, as shown in Figure 16.1.

Figure 16.1
The speed of the sound in the tube is 340 ms-1. The length of the tube is 0.60 m.
A stationary wave is formed with an antinode A at each end of the tube and two
antinodes inside the tube.

(i) State what is meant by an antinode of the stationary wave.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 m]

(ii) State the distance between a node and an adjacent antinode.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 m]

(iii) Determine, for the sound in the tube,
a) Wavelength

b) Frequency

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[2 m]

(iv) Determine the minimum frequency of the sound from the loudspeaker that
produces a stationary wave in the tube.

[2 m]

17. (a) The emission spectrum of atomic hydrogen consists of a number of discrete

wavelengths. Explain how this observation leads to an understanding that there are

discrete electron energy levels in atoms. [1 m]

………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………….

(b) Some electron energy levels in atomic hydrogen are illustrated in Figure below.

Figure
The longest wavelength produced as a result of electron transitions between two of
the energy levels shown in figure is 4.0 x 10-6 m.

(i) On figure above, draw and mark with letter L, the transition giving rise to the
wavelength of 4.0 x 10-6 m. [1 m]

(ii) Draw and mark with letter S, the transition giving rise to the shortest
wavelength. [1 m]

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(iii) Calculate the wavelength for the transition you have shown in 17(b)(ii). [3 m]
(c) Photon energies in the visible spectrum vary between approximately 3.66 eV and 1.83

eV. Determine the energies, in eV of photon in the visible spectrum that are produced
by transitions between the energy levels shown in Figure above. [2 m]

Section C[ 30 marks]
Answer any two questions

18. (a) State Huygens’ principle. [2 m]

(b) A monochromatic beam of wavelength 640 nm is incident perpendicularly onto a

pair of slits. The separation of the slits is 8.0 µm. A series of bright and dark

fringes are formed on the screen located at a distance of 2.5 m from the slit.
(i) Based on the Huygens’ Principle, sketch a diagram to show the

formation of wave fronts which produce bright fringes on the screen.

[3 m]

(ii) Calculate the distance between two adjacent bright and dark fringes, on

the screen.

[3 m]

(iii) What happen to the fringe width when a shorter wavelength

monochromatic source is used? Give a reason

[2 m]

(iv) Describe the change in fringe pattern if the beam from one slit has its

phase shifted by half a wavelength relative to the beam from the other

slit. [2 m]

(v) The whole apparatus is immersed in a liquid of refractive index 1.52.

Calculate

(i) The fringe separation of the interference pattern,

(ii) Fractional change in fringe separation,

[3 m]

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19. (a) An object is placed 30.0 cm in front of a concave mirror with a focal length of
8.50 cm.
(i) Sketch the ray diagram of the image
[2 m]
(ii) calculate the position of the image
[2 m]
(iii) determine the magnification of the image
[2 m]
(iv) State the characteristics of the image
[1 m]

(b) An object, a bi-convex lens and a meniscus lens are arranged as shown in the
diagram below.

Diagram 1

The meniscus lens has radii of curvature 15.0 cm and 10.0 cm respectively, is

made of glass with refractive index n = 1.5. It is placed 40.0 cm behind the bi-

convex lens of focal length 12.0 cm. The object is placed 28 cm in front of the bi-

convex lens. Determine

(i) The focal length of the meniscus lens, [2 m]

(ii) The position of the final image formed by the arrangement, [3 m]

(iii) The magnification of the final image, [2 m]

(iv) State the characteristics of final image, [1 m]

20. (a) Radioactivity is a random and spontaneous disintegration of unstable nuclei.

What is meant by random and spontaneous in the statement above? [2

m]
(b) An alpha decay of Uranium-238 is represented by 23982 → 23940 ℎ + 42 .

The nucleus of the Uranium which is initially at rest emits an alpha particle and

produces a daughter nucleus 23940 ℎ recoils. Calculate the

(i) Energy released in the decay, [3 m]

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(ii) Velocity of the alpha particle emitted in the decay, [3 m]
[mass of 23982 is 238.050786 u, mass of 23940 ℎ is 234.043583 u,
mass of 42 is 4.002603 u]

(c) 0.3 % of the human body mass is potassium of which only 0.0117 % of the

potassium are isotope.

(i) Calculate the number of isotope atoms per kilogram of the human body.

[3 m]
(ii) If the half-life of 4109 is 1.28 x 109 years, calculate the rate of decay of

4109 in Bq per kilogram in the human body.
[4 m]
[ mass of 4109 atom is 39.964000 u, mass of 2400 atom is 39.962591 u]

1 (a) Answer 1
6 (i) In stationary wave energy not transferred and
. In progressive wave energy is transferred 1

(ii) Stationary wave: adjacent particles are in phase 1
Progressive wave: adjacent particles not in phase/have phase different/out 1
(b) of phase 1
(i) Point A is maximum amplitude 1
(ii) 1
Distance 2 adjacent nodes = 0.2, 1
(iii distance between node and antinode = 0.10 m
)
(iv 0.6
) = 1.5 = 0.40
=
1 (a)
7 340/ 0.4 = 850 Hz
. Each wavelength is assosiated with a discrete change in energy
The discrete energy change/different implies discrete levels

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(b) {For emission, the transition is from the higher energy level to lower
(i) anergy level}

∆
ℎ

= ( ℎ )
Arrow from (-0.54 eV to -0.85 eV) = L
Arrow from (-0.54 eV to -3.4 eV) = S

18. a) The Huygens’ principle states that every point on a wavefront is a 2
source of wavelets. These wavelets spread out in the forward direction, at m
the same speed as the source wave. The new wavefront is a line tangent to
all of the wavelets.
b)(i)
3

(ii) = , 640 × 10−9 = 8×10−6 = 0.2 (distance 2 bright fringe) 2
2.5 1


0.2/ 2 = 0.1 m

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(iii) Fringe width decreases 1
x directly proportional to wavelength. Wavelength decrease, x decrease 1
1
(iv) The waves starts out in phase but end up out of phase 1
Destructive interference occur 1
1
(v) 640 × 10−9 × 2.5 1
= = 1.52(8 × 10−6) = 0.13
0.13
0.2 = 0.65

19. (a) 2 rays intersect 1
(i) Image at intersect point 1

(ii) 1 = 1 + 1 , 1 = 1 + 1 , = 11.86 1
8.5 30 1
1
(iii) 11.86 1
= , = 30 = 0.4 1
1
(iv) Real, Inverted, diminished (any one correct answer) 1

(b) 1 11 1
(i) = ( − 1)( 1 − 2) 1

1 = (1.5 − 1) ( 1 − 1 )= 60 cm 1

10 15 2
1
(ii) Image by convex lens 1 = 1 + 1


1 = 1 + 1 , = 21
12 28

Final image

1 = 1 + 1 , = −27.8 (27.8 cm on the left side of meniscus
60 (40−21)

lens)

(iii) M=m1m2 21 × 27.8 = 1.1
=28 19

(iv) Bigger, virtual

20. (a) Random: cannot be predicted 1
Spontaneous: cannot be predicted. It is not triggered by any factor 1
1
(b) 23982 → 23940 ℎ + 24

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(i) E = mc2
=(238.050786 – 234.043583 – 4.002603)(1.66 x 10-27)kg(3x108)2

= 6.872x10-13 J
(ii) Momentum Th = momentum α

m1v1 = m2v2

234.043583u(v1) =4.002603u(v2)

v1 = 0.0171 v2

ET = EK(Th) + EK(α)
6.872x10-13 J = 0.5(234.043583)( 1.66 x 10-27)( 0.0171 v2)2 +
0.5(4.002603) 1.66 x 10-27)( 0.0171)2

=1.426 x 107 ms-1

(iii) Mass of potassium per kg of human body

= 0.003 x 1000 = 3 g

Mass of potassium isotope per kg of human body

= 3 x 0.000117 = 3.51 x 10-4 g

Number of potassium isotope atom

= 3.51 × 10−4 × 6.02 × 1023 = 5.28 × 1018
40

(ii) = ln 2 , =

1

2

A= 1.72 x 10-17 x 5.28 × 1018 = 90.8

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