ENGLISH FOR TOURISM National Park
contents 01 Meaning of National Park 04 03 Exercises Vocabulary 02 structure
MEA N I N G OF N ATION AL PARK
The parks are administrated by the National Park, Wildlife, and Plant Conservation Department ( DNP ), which is part of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment ( MONRE ). The department was newly created in 2002, and took over the national parks from the Royal Forest Department of the Ministry of Agriculture. National parks in Thailand are defined as an area of least ten square kilometers that contains natural resources of ecological importance or unique beauty, or flora and fauna of special importance. Often forest parks are miscalled as well, however those are less protected and governed by the provincial administration. The first national park was Khao Yai in 1961, when the National Park Act B.E. 2504 was passed. The first marine park was Khao Sam Roi Yot, established in 1966. In 1993 the administration of the national parks was split into two divisions one for the terrestrial and one for the marine parks. There is some controversy about the status of Thailand's national parks due to excessive development and private concessions. Ko Samet,and other island-based national parks, are particularly impacted by private concessions,often in the form of excessive bungalow developments. Further, many of the northern parks are greatly impacted by illegal swidden farming and poaching.
National Parks, in the sense of protected areas, play significant roles in maintaining ecological stability and preserving biological diversity. These protected areas also are excellent places for recreation and education. National Parks of Thailand offer the visitors tremendous variety of attractions, in addition, they consists of ecologically, economically and scientifically valuable plants and animals. Most of Thailand National Parks are blessed with natural beauty and historical importance. The geology, landscape and natural beauty of the parks was recognized by visitor, both locally and internationally.Their appearances are self-interpretive. National Parks
NATIONAL PARKS 02 October 2022 Regarding the diversity of species and genetics, actually the Thai academic knowledge of plant and animal species is very limited and consequently sometime is the cause of pitfall of nature and resource management. However, the conservation of natural habitats of these species and genetics in the national parks boundaries throughout the country could make a confidence to our children that some varieties of wild species would be conserved at some degree. In addition, some academic research promotion is parallelly proceeded and hoped that one day Thailand would be ready and able to efficiently use this nature and biological resources diversity. According to the necessity and importance of conservation of biological and ecological diversity of nature and resource, pushed the Royal Forest Department to establish many national parks covering every part of country, from the highest peak of mountain in the Doi Inthanon National Park to the lowest area of river and sea such as Krabi National park continuously covering sea coast and mid-sea of the Surin Islands National Park.
These prominenec of nature and resources, if be destroyed, we could not recreate them by a big money at all and also our proudest possession of these nature and resources would be gone forever. The other side of these valued nature and resources which we don't have too much in the Thai national park are the natural and resource culture of original communities. For example Chaw Le of Surin Islands National Park, Taru Tao National Park and Lanta island National Park , Sa Kai Wild Negrito of Taleban National Park, or the mountain tribe community which the traditional of living style and culture of these communities would gradually dilute, so the left communities are the uncomparable valued thing that we must conserve. And the last thing is the historical nature and resources which exists here since the age of prior historical record, such as color paint picture at Pha Tam National Park or evidence and dinosaur fossil at Phu Wiang National Park or even some historical evidence which is very important for our nation appearing on many national parks, for example Khuha Khareuhash Throne at Khaow Sam Roi Yod National Park, Phra Nang Raue Lom at Priow Waterfall National Park and the political jail at Taru Tao National Park. Therefore, these nature and serving for our children in Thai national parks are very difficult for us to evaluate them as a value of money. NATIONAL PARKS
ACTIVITIESIN PARKS
Bird Watching Butterfly Watching Trekking Diving Photographing
Bird watching is a popular activity of studying nature. visitors can not only enjoy watching beautiful birds, getting fresh air, and doing some exercises which maintain that person to be healthy, but also recognize and understand the relationship between bird and environment in which can lead visitors to be aware of its value, and to take heed in preserving both bird and environment. Binocular is necessary equipment for watching bird in long distance Bird Watching Manual is a book providing illustration and information of each bird in which bird watcher can sort out the type of bird found correctly. Record Book is a book for collecting details of bird found for studying later. Bird Watching Equipment watching is an easy activity. visitors have only some equipment can go to enjoy watching birds in the nature. The main bird watching equipments are. BIRD WATCHING
Preparing Well preparing will enable visitors to find birds easily. When going out to find bids, visitors should dress in outfit harmonious with nature, not easily observed by birds, and in which visitors can get closer to that bird, such as in brown,gray or browncolor outfit. The outfit should be longsleeves shirt, full-length trousers for protecting visitors from sunlight and prickle. Shoes should be comfort shoe with socks to prevent graze during walking.Moreover, if going bird watching on High Mountain, visitors should bring woolen coat in winter and raincoat in the rains. Bird Watching Time Bird watcher should start bird watching in early morning, which birds also start to find something to eat. This time, birds are very active, hardly ever hiding,so visitors can easily find them. When the temperature is hotter, the birds will go to rest in the trees in which visitors hardly find them. Until late afternoon, the birdswill go out to find something to eat again. That is a suitable time for bird watching.
When and where to go watch bird In varied nature of Thailand, each place has different types of bird. Therefore,traveling to different part of Thailand will find different types of bird,as well,and, sometimes, new type of bird especially in migrating season. visitor should select the place for bird watching to suit that season, such as, to go watch in high mountain when the birds are migrating in winter in Doi Inthanor and Doi Suthep-Pui National Park, or to go watch bird when the migrating in mangrove area in Sam Roi Yot National Park, for example, visitors should go to local forest for bird watching, such as, in khao Yai national Park, Kang Khachan National Park, Khao Luang National Park,Ban National Park for examples. How to watch bird Bird watchers should go in small groups, better about 2-3 persons, that will enable them to easier find birds than in a big group. When finding birds, bird watchers should take particular quiet, not make noise, avoid standing obviously, and watch the birds from hiding places such as behind a tree for example.
Butterfly Watching Butterfly watching is a new activity, which is just started in Thailand. It is becoming quickly popular to nature lover because the magnificent wings of butterfly are more beautiful than any other types of animal. Sometimes, visitors can find a school of hundreds of butterfies in which the visitors can get closer when the butterflies are still not moving during eating. Magnifying Glass is a tool for seeing closer detail of a butterfly. It should have handle and 7-10 centimeters of diameter. Butterfy Watching Manual is a book providing illustration and information of each type of butterfly in which will be useful for sorting the type of a butterflyfound correctly. Record Book is a book for recording details of a butterfly such as color, strips of wings, behaviors etc. Butterfly Watching Equipment The main butterfly watching equipments are :
Preparing: Well preparing will enable visitors to find butterfly easily. When going out to find butterfly, visitors should dress in outfit harmonious with nature, not easily observed by butterfly, and in which visitors can get closer to that butterfly, such as in green, gray or brown color outfit. The outit should be long-sleeves shirt,full-length trouser for protecting visitors from sunlight and prickle. Shoes should be comfort shoes with socks to prevent graze during walking. Moreover, if going to watch butterfly on high mountain, visitors should bring woolen coat in winter and raincoat in the rains. BUTTERFLY WATCHING
TREKKING Unspoiled forest is the highest dream of adventure and challenge lover. There are many routes for trekking, such as, to remotely beautiful waterfall--which hasnever been entered by anyone, or on top of Skyscrapper Mountain--which only doughty person can get there. These routes may require trekker to walk over ain and another, and take overnight campine for davs, In fact, it is not that mountain and too difficult if visitors take well preparing. Preparing As fest visitors should ask for the information of the area from the national park's office, such as, condition of the route, weather in the area, and geography, then chedule the using time and target, day by day, and don't foreet to make an appointment with the park's officer for leading the trip The next important thing to prepare is mind and physical healthiness of visitors in which will be used to fall apart the obstacles happened alone the way.
OUTDOOR GEARS N O M A D I C | 2 4 Shoes or boots that are well fit the owner, not too hard, too soft, and too much weieht, visitors should wear socks to prevent graze during walking Hat is to use for protectine its owner from sunlieht, and prickle while that person walks through bushes Backpack should be suitable for its owner's body, usually not over 20% of the owner's weight. When the backpack has so much weieht, visitors should use waist belt to transfer its weight to the visitor's waist and body. Tent should be brought only suitable for the visitors, and, or using hammock is a kind of expedient because it is lieht and easy takine, Moreover, one thing so important is plastic sheet for coverine over the tent to prevent rain and dew Other necessary gears are personal medicine, sleeping bag. flashlight Camping knife, water canteen, outdoor cooking utensil, rubbish bag, 2-3 coras with 2-3 meters, etc Outfit should be lone sleeves shirt, full-leneth trouser, dry easily and comfortable. Each visitors should bring three outfits--one for daytime another for nighttime, and the last one for the day back. Woolen coat or raincoat should be brought together-this depends on the weather of that area
DIVING Many islands in national parks still have broad coral reefs, the highest dream of diving lover, which are the habitat of many creatures of the world under the sea. such as, scleractinian coral, soft coral, sponge, sea anemone, coralline, and many types of animals. Coral reef can be found only in shallow water, which the sunlight can get through, about five meters sloping to more than 40 meters that is called deepwater coral There are two types of diving, such as; shallow water diving called 'Snorkeling', and deep water diving called 'Scuba diving', each of which uses different equipment and style of diving. Snorkeling is shallow water diving, which has diving mask with breathing pipe be an important device. Divers only make themselves float on the water, and put their faces down to see under-water scenery and animals. This type of diving is quite easy and not dangerous, so visitors can go diving by themselvesNot only using diving mask with breathing pipe, but diver should wear lifesavine coat for getting long floating on the water. When diving in shallow water, divers may not use fins; they are not necessary but only let diver swim fast. Because when divers do not get used to that fins, or not use them regularly, that divers may get cramps. Fins can also cause harmful condition to coral, such as, broken that coral when crashing by swimming or drive too much sand to cover that coral to death.
Fauget Scuba Diving is a diving in deep water to discover deep-water coral reef. Therefore, diver have to use many devices especially air-pressure adjusting and air tank for breathing under water. In addition, anyone wanted to dive in deep water has to pass a special course and have a diving license. If that person has not passed the correct diving course, he or she might have got danger or died under deep water. For licensed scuba diver, the person should not dive alone. The rule for scuba diving all over the world requires a scuba diver to have a 'buddy' for help while the person is under deep water. Besides, most of the area for scuba diving is far out of the shore so that the divers have to go by boat to the targeted place and lead by skillfully dive master while they dive. Anyone interested can contact scuba diving tourist agency, because there is safer while diving in-group provided by the agency. Where to dive There are many beautiful, unspoiled coral reefs in the national parks, both in the Gulf of Thailand and Andaman Sea. Especially the coral reef in Mu Ko Surin National Park and Mu Ko Similan National Park, they are well known around the world, appropriate for snorkeling and scuba diving, and have many targeted places for diving. Mo Ko Lanta National Park, Hat Chaomai National Park, Tarutao National Park and Mu Ko Chumpron National park etc. Diving Instruction One important thing divers should do while they are diving, that is to avoid touching the coral, only smoothly touch can break that coral, and take time for 10 years that the coral can grow to meet its size. Because the coral Is growing very slowly, for examples, staghorn coral will grow only 5-6 centimeters a year, and massive coral will grow only 1-2 centimeters a year. Not only coral, there are also many sea animals such as sea anemone, fish, soft coral etc, which diver should not touch.
Photographing National Parks have many beautiful areas such as mountains, lakes. Grass fields,jungles, plants, flowers, and wild lives that attract the visitors to take pictures. Camera The more comfortable camera is 35 mm, both in compact or manual that can zoom in or adjust the focus. Lenses the suitable lenses for taking a picture of mountain and waterfall should be 24, 28, and 35 mm depend on the need pf the photographers. Currently, there is 20-35 mm that is very good and more comfortable to carry. Macro Lenses For any who loves to take pictures of very small flowers, or animals, macro lenses is more suited as well as for any animals that can not be closed easily. The narrow of picture is also suited for take pictures of views such as trees, or waterfall Flash In case of less light such as in the jungle, it will work as the sunlight and show the color of objects. Camera Stand It is very important for help to hold the photo. A suitable stand should have a proper size and not too heavy as well as can carry easily. Film The most important thing is film. If want to keep the picture, the color film will be more comfortable to develop and not too expensive as slide film Do and Don't Don't change or move anything Remembering the peaceful of animal should come first, avoiding annoving the animals. Tools Presently, to take photos is not difficult as there is many comfort tools for selecting
P A S S I V E V O I C E Passive voice Pattern: Verb to be + V3 Examples: Forest parks are miscalled ... The department was created ... Pronunciation -ed ending: miscalled passed protected References Example: ..those are less protected and governed by the provincial administration. The department was newly created in 2002 ... .... one for the terrestrial and one for the marine parks. Relative Pronoun : That, Which National parks in Thailand are defined as an area of least ten square kilometers that contains national resources of ecological importance or unique beauty, or flora and fauna of special importance. The parks are administrated by the National Park, Wildlife, and Plant Conservation Department (DNP), which is part of the Ministry of Natural Resourcesand Environment ( MONRE ).
M E C H A N I C W O R D S However... Often forest parks are miscalled as well, however those are less protected by the provincial administration. There is / Due to... There is some controversy about the status of Thailand's national parks due to excessive development and private concessions. Further…. Further, many of the northern parks are greatly impacted by illegal swidden farming and poaching. In addition…. National Parks of Thailand offer the visitors tremendous variety of attractions, in addition, they consists of ecologically, economically and scientifcally valuable plants and animals.
Vocabulary
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EXERCISES
DIRECTION: FIND THE PROVINCES FOR THE FOLLOWING NATIONAL PARKS
ENGLISH FOR TOURISM