MESYUARAT TAHUNAN JURUTERA MEKANIKAL 2022
JKR FLEET ELECTRIFICATION
Ts. MOHD AZLAN BIN UMAR
Bahagian Perkhidmatan Mekanikal
Cawangan Kejuruteraan Mekanikal
Ibu Pejabat JKR Malaysia
[email protected]
What is Electric Vehicle ( EV )
Definition:
“Vehicles with two or more wheels which main powertrain comprises
of one or more electric traction motors powered using energy stored
in batteries. Requires charging of the batteries from external electric
power supply through a vehicle inlet socket”.
Advantages Disadvantages
Zero Zero Fuel Low Excellent Speed Limited Range Longger Limited High Vehicle
Carbon Cost Maintenance & Power Charging Time Charging Price
emissions Facility
Cost
Electrified Vehicles 3
Types of Vehicle Electrification Technologies including:
Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs). HEVs have a combination of ICE with an
electric propulsion system. ICE delivers most of the energy, and the electric
powertrain system is used only to improve fuel efficiency.
(e.g.; Toyota Prius, Honda City Hybrid, Hyundai Ionic )
Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs). PHEVs also have a combination of
ICE and electric propulsion systems. A PHEV stores energy from the electric
power grid or through regenerative braking. The PHEV runs on electric
power until the battery is nearly depleted, and then the car automatically
switches over to use the ICE. ( e.g.., Mercedes C350e, BMW 530e, Volvo
XC90 Twin Engine)
Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs). BEVs have larger battery packs to store
more energy from the electric power grid for longer range. They have no
backup gasoline engine. BEVs are also referred to by some as "pure-electric
vehicles" or "all-electric vehicles" (AEVs). ( e.g., Nissan Leaf, Hyundai Kona
Electric, Kia EV6)
Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs). FCEVs refuel with hydrogen and use a fuel
cell to produce electricity to propel the vehicle. FCEVs are also referred to as
fuel-cell vehicles or FCVs. ( Toyota Mirae, Hyundai Nexo)
JKR LOW CARBON MOBILITY
GLOBAL EV OUTLOOK
Electric car model available globally and average range, 2015-2020
200 mil. units in 2030
EV Battery Price Trend 30 mil. units in 2020
81% Drop since 2013 source : (IEA,2021)
Price trend is downward and by 2024 average prices could
dip below US$100/kWh. ( source : BloombergNEF)
EV GLOBAL
JKR LOW CARBON MOBILITY
HALATUJU PEMBANGUNAN EV ROADMAP
Cadangan EV roadmaps
Matlamat memangkin pembaharuan fleet kenderaan sektor awam kepada mobiliti rendah karbon dan
memacu JKR sebagai peneraju teknologi mobiliti rendah karbon sektor awam
Fasa 1 Fasa 2 Fasa 3
Memangkin kesedaran terhadap pengangkutan yang lestari 2020 - 2022 2022 - 2023 2024 onwards
Meningkatkan pembangunan kapasiti dan keperluan infrastruktur EV
Memangkin pembaharuan fleet ke arah mobiliti rendah karbon Memangkin Meningkatkan Pembaharuan
Memperkukuh peranan JKR dalam bidang khidmat perundingan teknikal kesedaran pembangunan fleet ke arah
terhadap EV kapasiti dan
mobiliti
keperluan berkarbon
infrastruktur
rendah
EV
JKR LOW CARBON MOBILITY
Rejuvenating fleets toward sustainability
MALAYSIAN EV DEVELOPMENTS
National Transport Policy ( 2018-2030) National Automotive Policy 2020
Policy trust 4 : ST 3 accelerate implementation of Low Vehicle Next Generation
Carbon Mobility Initiatives Mobility as a Service (MaaS) Industrial Revolution 4.0
(IR 4.0)
National Automotive Policy 2014 Continuation NAP 2014 Primary Objectives
2nd Objectives: Develop Malaysia as the regional
Low Carbon Mobility Blueprint( LCMB) 2021-2030
automotive hub in Energy Efficient Vehicle ( EEV ) -Focus Area 3: GHG Emission & Energy Reduction via Electric Mobility Adoption
Task Force 3.1 :Government Lead by Example
Green Technology Master Plan 2030 (GTMP) - Establish 10% target new government fleet to be BEV in 2022
100% EEV Private Transportation - Establish 50% target of new government fleet to be BEV ( 2023-2025)
EV Leasing Scheme ( 2015-2018) Budget 2022
Initiative being carried out by GreenTech Malaysia to -EVs be completely exempt from import duty, excise
promote EV in Malaysia ( Tesla Model S and Renault Zoe ) duty and sales tax
- Road tax exemption of up to 100%
Public EV charging stations - Tax relief of up to RM2,500 will be provided on the
Initiative being carried out to accelerate development
public EV charging station in Malaysia cost of purchasing and installing, renting or taking
up hire purchase facilities
JKR LOW CARBON MOBILITY
JKR EV’S DEVELOPMENT Electric Vehicle Conversion (EVC) JKR
Involvement in Malaysian EV Policy Development - EVC pilot project converting existing vehicle engines to
electric vehicles
- Stakeholders Engagement Workshop Low Carbon Mobility
Blueprint ( LCMB) on Low Carbon Mobility and Action Plan - JKR as leading gov. agency to promote adoption
(MESTECC, 2019) electric vehicles fleets
- Stakeholder Workshop- Development of Electrical Vehicle - Explore potentials development of EV infrastructures
Roadmap ( MESTEC, 2019)
Hybrid and EV Technical Certification
- Development of Training Needs, Capacity Building and Standard to Programs
Support Electric Vehicle Value Chain in Malaysia ( MGTC, 2019)
- 5 JKR Engineers successfully completed the program
Hybrid/EV Technology and Infrastructure Awareness ➢ IMI L1 Award In Electric/Hybrid Vehicle
Programs
- KPKR speech during EnCon’2021 ( 4th Oct 2021) Awareness
➢ IMI L2 Award In Electric/Hybrid Vehicle Hazard
“the potential of energy storage system technology and
electric car technology as well as its infrastructure Management For Emergency And Recovery
requirements in the implementation of JKR projects in the Personnel
future” ➢ IMI Award In Electric/Hybrid Vehicle System
Repair And Replacement
- EVC Technical Talks
- Introduction To Hybrid/EV Technology Course JKR Hybrid / EV Technology Center ( In Progress)
Procurement of Hybrid / EV for JKR Fleet - A Comprehensive Hybrid / EV Maintenance & Inspection Center
- Pilot project at Bahagian Perkhidmatan Mekanikal, CKM
- Procurement 1 unit Nissan Serena Hybrid For CPAB
- Hybrid / EV specifications for new vehicle
JKR LOW CARBON MOBILITY
An EV fleet contains vehicles that run partially
or completely on electric battery power.
Electric vehicles (EVs) have the potential to
significantly improve fleet efficiency and reduce
vehicle operation and maintenance costs.
Electric vehicle fleet management is overseeing
the charging needs of fleet drivers and electric
vehicles as well as ensuring the charging
infrastructure is optimized to fulfill those
needs.
Overview of EV
FLEET ELECTRICFICATIOCNo: nPLtArNibNIuNtGio&nOPERATION CHALLENGES
Routes
Maintenance
EV Selection
EVSE Selections & Electrical Infrastructure
Infrastructure
JKR LOW CARBON MOBILITY
PUNCA KUASA EVC JKR MALAYSIA
“Saya ingin mencadangkan supaya CKE dapat melihat potensi Teknologi Sistem Penstoran
Tenaga (Energy Storage System) dan Teknologi Kereta Elektrik (Electric Vehicle), serta
keperluan infrastrukturnya dalam pelaksanaan projek-projek JKR di masa akan datang.”
– Ucapan Dato’ KPKR di Majlis Perasmian EnCon 2021
Low Carbon Mobility Blueprint – Decarbonizing Land Transportation 2021-2030 - Kementerian 11
Alam Sekitar dan Air.
Pelan Tindakan 3.1 (Government Lead by Example):
3.1.A.c : Establish 10% target of new government fleet to be Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) (2022)
3.1.A.d : Establish 50% target of new government fleet to be BEV (2023 – 2025)
JKR LOW CARBON MOBILITY
Rejuvenating fleets toward sustainability
HALA TUJU PELAKSANAAN EVC JKR
1 2Melaksanakan pertukaran enjin Kenderaan Menjadikan BPMek & Woksyop CKMN
Jabatan daripada internal combustion engine sebagai Pusat Teknologi EVC Bertauliah
kepada sistem elektrik Serta Pembangunan Kompetensi Dalam
Bidang EV
3 Menghasilkan EVC Standard di Malaysia 4 Membangunkan EV Charging Station di
Bangunan Kerajaan
JKR LOW CARBON MOBILITY
PENGENALAN PROGRAM EVC JKR MALAYSIA
Projek rintis pertukaran enjin kenderaan sedia ada kepada TAJUK PROJEK
kenderaan elekrik (EV Conversion) • Projek Pelaksanaan Electric Vehicle
Kelebihan Kenderaan EVC Conversion (EVC) JKR Malaysia
Zero Carbon Zero Fuel Low TARIKH MULA KERJA
Cost Maintenance • 29 Oktober 2021
Emission
Cost TARIKH SERAH EVC (FASA 1)
• 25 Januari 2022
JKR LOW CARBON MOBILITY
TARIKH SERAH EVC (FASA 2)
Rejuvenating fleets toward sustainability • Julai 2022
PASUKAN PROJEK JKR
• Cawangan Kejuruteraan Elektrik (CKE)
• Cawangan Kejuruteraan Mekanikal (CKM)
• CREaTE, JKR
PROGRAM
• EV Conversion
• Rekabentuk dan standard EV Supply Equipment ( EV Charging )
• Penyelidikan
• Pembangunan Kompetensi
13
RAKAN KOLABORASI EVC JKR
CAWANGAN KEJURUTERAAN CAWANGAN KEJURUTERAAN PUSAT KECEMERLANGAN KEJURUTERAAN
ELEKTRIK MEKANIKAL DAN TEKNOLOGI JKR
JKR LOW CARBON MOBILITY
CARTA ORGANISASI EVC JKR MALAYSIA
BPMek
EVC JKR MALAYSIA FASA 1 & 2
Vehicle
1992 Mitsubishi Pajero LO49 Pajero EVC NO. 1 Pajero EVC NO. 2
Vehicle Type SUV, 7 seats SUV, 5 seats SUV, 5 seats
Propulsion 2.5 Diesel Engine (Natural
Fuel Type Brushless DC Motor 70V 700A AC synchronous motors with regenerative
Battery/Fuel Aspirated) braking
Diesel Electric
Capacity Lithium Ion Battery 72 v 200 AH ( 14kWh) Electric
92 L
Total Power DC Battery with BMS Integration 300A LiFePo4 Battery with ruthenium metal oxide
Total Torque 62 kW ( 80bhp) 20kW (min)-50kW (max), ultracapacitor, BMS, DC-DC Converter &
201 Nm Inverter
Range Operating 90 Amps @ 30kmh
AC Charging 300 km full tank 160Nm 80kW
DC Charging -
Max 60km ( 2 Hours @ 30km/h ) 250Nm
-
J1772 ( 3kW onboard charger ) 150km ( operating speed 110km/h)
- J1772 / Mannekes (11kw onboard charger)
CCS / CCS2 ( 50kW) 16
JKR LOW CARBON MOBILITY
PELAKSANAAN EVC JKR MALAYSIA FASA 1
13. Dis. 2021 – 25.Jan.2022 ( 41 hari )
13 - 14 Disember 2021 01 7-12 Januari 2022 04
• Kerja membuka enjin diesel, transmissi, pendawaian - Perlaksanaan simulation test
• Dilaksanakan bersama oleh BPMek & EMAR
• Kerja mengukur penyambungan motor elektrik bagi motor elektrik dan
transmisi
02 13-21 Januari 2022 05
- Kerja pemasangan motor elektrik & transmisi
14 Dis. 2021-7 Jan.2022 - Kerja memasangan system bateri controller dan pendawaian
• Kerja fabrikasi connector shaft & coupling - Pengujian system dan pandu uji
• Kerja pemasangan motor elektrik pada
06
transmisi manual
• Dilaksanakan di Bengkel EMARTECH 25 Januari 2022
Sesi Pandu Uji oleh TKPKR
03 ( Sektor Bangunan )
6-7 Jan.2022
• Kerja-kerja mengecat ruang enjin
• Dilaksanakan oleh kakitangan BPMek
KOMPONEN UTAMA EVC JKR MALAYSIA FASA 1
20kW Brushless Motor Motor Controller Hall Effect Throttle Pedal Lithium Ion Battery
• Voltages: 72Vdc • Voltages Ranges: 72V • Output Voltage: 0-5V • Voltage : 72V 200ah
• Rated Power: 20kW • Rated Current: 700A • Material: Casted • Power Rating: 36kW
• Torque: 80Nm ~ 160Nm • Weight: 5.7kg • Lithium Ion LiFEPo4
• Speed: 3200-6000rpm Aluminum • Weight 192kg
• Weight: 39kg • Weight: 0.9kg • BMS 300amp
• Air cooled
• Liquid cooling
JKR LOW CARBON MOBILITY
KOMPONEN MOTOR ELEKTRIK EVC JKR MALAYSIA FASA 1
Electric Motor Coolant Pump
Radiator Fan
Electric Brake Pump
JKR LOW CARBON MOBILITY
MAJLIS PERASMIAN YB MENTERI KANAN KERJA RAYA DAN
SESI PENGUJIAN OLEH KPKR
TARIKH: 27 JANUARI 2022
TEMPAT: DEWAN MAHFUZ, JKR MALAYSIA
PELAKSANAAN EVC JKR FASA 2
UJIAN SIMULASI BAGI REKABENTUK MOTOR ELEKTRIK
• Bagi EVC No. 2, sebuah kenderaan Pajero 2.5 Diesel LO49 tahun 1994 ( WDP 4161)
• Ujian dilaksanakan bagi analisis perjalanan kenderaan seharian bagi rekabentuk pemilihan motor dan beban bateri dengan kerjasama
UNiKL
• Data logging bagi mengumpul maklumat driving pattern bagi penyediaan spesifikasi
• Spesifikasi telah dimuktamadkan dan dalam proses perolehan perkhidmatan
LESSON LEARNT EVC JKR MALAYSIA FASA 1
• Pemasangan komponen mematuhi UNECE Standards,
Regulation No. 100 (relating to vehicle regulation):
- High Voltage Labeling
- HV cabling standard
• Thermal management bagi High Voltage battery packs
• Standard pemasangan mematuhi UNECE No.100 bagi
pemasangan HV battery
JKR LOW CARBON MOBILITY
LESSON LEARNT EVC JKR MALAYSIA FASA 1
• Kajian Kedudukan Motor Elektrik (Electric motors positioning)
• Rekabentuk kedudukan motor dan transmisi menentukan
prestasi kenderaan
- Centrally positioned motor
- Wheel-hub drive or in-wheel drive
- Wheel-hub with reduction drive
- Close-wheel drive
• Rekabentuk Electric Energy Supply
- Menyediakan sumber kuasa yang membolehkan pengangkutan
mudah, harga rendah dan autonomi kenderaan yang
memuaskan
- Konsep Range Extended EVC bagi pemanduan jarak jauh
- Menerokai teknologi sistem bateri seperti Graphene
- Battery swapping
JKR LOW CARBON MOBILITY
LESSON LEARNT EVC JKR MALAYSIA FASA 1
• Kajian Ride Comfort Performance
- Penalaan semula sistem suspensi dan pemanduan
( handling) bagi meningkatkan kestabilan EVC semasa bergerak
- Pengagihan semula berat kenderaan
- Kesan perubahan taburan berat terhadap prestasi keselesaan
perjalanan
JKR LOW CARBON MOBILITY
PENYELARASAN BERSAMA JABATAN PENGANGKUTAN
JALAN (JPJ) BAGI PROGRAM EVC JKR
Hasil Penyelarasan
1. Bahagian Kejuruteraan Automotif JPJ menyatakan hasrat untuk
menjadi Rakan Strategik EVC JKR bagi berkongsi pandangan
serta pengetahuan dalam memastikan EVC di Malaysia dapat
dijayakan.
2. Membina satu platform yang baru bagi penyediaan standard dan
prosedur EVC
3. Mematuhi syarat-syarat teknikal yang akan dikenalpasti
bersama.
4. Penggunaan EVC JKR diluluskan bagi pemanduan di jalan raya
pada 27 April 2022
JKR LOW CARBON MOBILITY
PROGRAM KERJASAMA (EVC) JKR MALAYSIA BERSAMA
MOSTI & NANOMALAYSIA
TARIKH : Khamis, 10 Mac 2022
KEHADIRAN :
1. Wakil MOSTI
2. CEO & COO Nano Malaysia
HASIL PERBINCANGAN:
• MOSTI dan NanoMalaysia ingin bekerjasama dengan JKR dalam usaha meluluskan
pertukaran enjin Internal Combustion Engine ke Kenderaan Elektrik
• Melantik JKR selaku peneraju kluster kerja Proses & Prosedur bagi program Rapid
Electric Vehicles Innovation Validation Ecosystem ( REVIVE)
JKR LOW CARBON MOBILITY
RAPID ELECTRIC VEHICLES INNOVATION VALIDATION ECOSYSTEM
(REVIVE)
JKR LOW CARBON MOBILITY
PENYELIDIKAN DAN PEMBANGUNAN KOMPETENSI
EVC JKR MALAYSIA
Program Penyelidikan EVC JKR-UNiKL Program Penyelidikan dan Pengujian Teknologi Bateri
Graphene
- Program penyelidikan dengan kerjasama Create, CKM & CKE
- Bidang kajian meliputi kejuruteraan mekanikal & elektrik - Program penyelidikan dengan kerjasama UMORIE-UKM
- Menerokai teknologi Bateri Graphene
bagi kenderaan EV - Kajian rintis pengujian bateri graphene pada EVC JKR
- Penulisan dan penerbitan jurnal kajian
JKR LOW CARBON MOBILITY
PENYELIDIKAN DAN PEMBANGUNAN KOMPETENSI
EVC JKR MALAYSIA
Program Pensijilan Antarabangsa Teknologi Program EVC Talks
Hybrid/EV
- 5 Pegawai BPMek telah berjaya dianugerahkan pensijilan
➢ IMI L1 Award In Electric/Hybrid Vehicle Awareness
➢ IMI L2 Award In Electric/Hybrid Vehicle Hazard
Management For Emergency And Recovery Personnel
➢ IMI L3 Award In Electric/Hybrid Vehicle System Repair And
Replacement
Kursus Pengenalan Teknologi Kenderaan Hybrid & EV
JKR LOW CARBON MOBILITY
Terima Kasih
Bahagian Perkhidmatan Mekanikal
Cawangan Kejuruteraan Mekanikal
Ibu Pejabat JKR Malaysia
[email protected]
JKR LOW CARBON MOBILITY
Rejuvenating fleets toward sustainability