The words you are searching are inside this book. To get more targeted content, please make full-text search by clicking here.
Discover the best professional documents and content resources in AnyFlip Document Base.
Search
Published by revnyputri, 2021-10-13 03:08:59

EMODUL INTRODUCTION OF VIRUS

EMODUL INTRODUCTION OF VIRUS

KD 3.4 ANALYZING VIRUS AND ITS ROLE
BIOLOGY GRADE 10

LINK BOOKCREATOR REVNY : https://read.bookcreator.com/Ard0RgNFgrYgvqsE3rYUQqaalZV2/-Yk4Yw6DR7yzGkgQZdrkFg

Instruction for student: read and watch every video and explanation below, then at the
end of the book you have to klik link for the interactive quiz.

Corona Virus Has Conquered the world by their new generation COVID- 19. Now... Our Task as
humans to defeat them! How? Find their weakness and how to control them. first Step! What

IntroducisViinrus?g Virus

Viruses: Life Cycles and Variation
https://learn-biology.com/ap-biology/module-15-
viruses/

Viruses are infectious particles that stand on the border between life and non-life. Smaller and
simpler than cells, their genes are the key of genetic instructions for self-replication. At the
same time, viruses lack many life’s properties and lack any independent metabolism.

Viruses are best described as obligate intracellular parasites,

a phrase worth taking apart:

Parasites are organisms that interact closely with a larger host organism, causing their host harm.
While viruses don’t qualify as organisms (an organism is an independent living thing), they certainly
prey on a larger host, causing it it harm. That host, in many cases, is us. Every time you’ve had a
cold, the flu or another viral infection, you’ve been parasitized by a virus.

Obligate means “by necessity.” Viruses can’t live on their own. The only way they reproduce themselves
is by parasitizing a living cell.

Intracellular means “within cells.” Viruses are the smallest parasites imaginable, preying upon life at
its most basic level: the cell.

Viruses Lesson in Cartoon 2. Viruses: Size

A virus is only about 15 times
bigger than that. When we talk
about viruses, we’re practically
at a molecular scale

3. Viruses: Structure

https://learn-biology.com/ap-biology/module-15-viruses/

Viruses are also much simpler than cells. The bacterial viruses
shown above. These bacterial viruses consist of two main parts:
a genetic core (1), consisting of DNA or RNA; and a protein coat
(2), also known as a capsid.

The capsid, in turn, is made of self assembling units
called capsomeres. At right, you can see another type of virus,
with the same numbering scheme used to indicate the genetic
core (1) and the capsid/protein coat (2). An individual
capsomere subunit is at “3.”

Note that if the
capsomere/capsid
relationship is making
you think about tertiary
and quaternary structure
in proteins, you’ve clearly
learned a lot of biology.
Good job!

https://learn-biology.com/ap-biology/module-15-viruses/
capsid can also have other protein part, like bacterophage that has look like landing
gear from space ship, that protein function to attack cell that parasitize. but virus
has a various ways to make their genes get injected through cell membrane.
Some animal-attacking viruses have an even more complex structure. But, for now,
all you need to remember is “genetic core” and “protein coat.” So, with that in hand,
let’s see how viruses do their deadly work.

same structure

The Lytic Cycle

Here’s the lytic cycle for a bacteriophage(or “phage:” as discussed above, that’s the name for a virus that
attacks a bacterial cell).

1. The cycle begins with a 2. The phage
phage (“a”) randomly injects its DNA (“e”)
bumping into its host. into its victim.
Proteins on the phage

(the “landing gear” at “b”)

enable it to attach to the 3. The phage then
wall (“d”) of its bacterial uses the host cell’s
host. The host cell’s molecular
chromosome is shown at machinery (such as
“c.” DNA polymerases)
to copy the phage’s
6. The host DNA, while
bursts, releasing simultaneously
new phage into shutting down the
the environment.

host cell’s DNA.

5. Based on molecular 4. The host’s RNA
complementarity, these polymerases and
phage components ribosomes are used to
self assemble into new create new phage
viruses. components.

Additional video to learn more

The Lysogenic Cycle

In the lysogenic cycle, viral genes incorporate themselves into the chromosomes of their hosts.

(3) in part II of the diagram (1) As you can see in image 1
(images 3, 4, and 5) the (on the upper right side of
provirus becomes part of the the diagram to your left), the
host cell’s reproductive cycle cycle begins just as the lytic
then every time the cell cycle does: with the virus (B)
replicates itself, the cell will injecting its genes (C) into its
also replicate the provirus. host (D).
Since bacteria can reproduce
themselves very quickly (E. (2) But in step two, things start
coli can reproduce itself to differ. Here, the viral DNA (in
every 20 minutes), lysogenic red) incorporates itself into its
incorporation can be an host’s chromosome (at “E,” in
effective reproductive blue). Once there, the viral
strategy for lysogenic DNA is called a provirus (or
viruses. a prophage, if it’s a bacterial
virus).

At certain moments, however, proviruses can break out their dormancy, excise themselves from their host chromosome,
and re-enter the virulent, lytic cycle. It’s possible that environmental stimuli, such as exposure to ultraviolet light

now fellow class its time for
little rst quiz, go to this link
and answer the question
https://www.liveworksheets.com/3-
yq295034yd

https://www.liveworksheets.com/3-
ct303126qn

https://www.liveworksheets.com/3-
br303136hl

https://www.liveworksheets.com/3-
uy303351fv


Click to View FlipBook Version