UC2-Core-Plant crops

ANSWER KEY 2.2-1

1. Plant layout
2. Bamboo sticks
3. Field layout
4. Rope
5. Ideal farm layout

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Title : TASK SHEET 2.2-1

MAKE A FIELD/FARM LAYOUT

Performance Objectives:
Given a time and necessary materials and tools for the activity , you should
be able to make a field layout according to the plant to be planted

Materials /Supplies : bond paper, pencil/ball pen, fertilizer

Tools/Equipment : prepared area for vegetable production

Steps

1. Prepare all the needed tools and materials for field lay outing.

2. Proceed to the assigned area and conduct an ocular inspection

3. Perform the activity according to the size /contour of soil.

4. Submit your field layout to your trainer/supervisor

5. Interpret your farm layout

6. Implement 5,s in the area

Assessment Method:
Demonstration with questioning

Trainer’s Name: _______________________ Date: _____________

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Performance Criteria Checklists 2.2-1

Criteria YES NO

DID YOU….

1. Prepare all the needed tools and materials for field

lay outing.

2. Proceed to the assigned area and conduct an ocular
inspection

3. Perform the activity according to the size /contour of
soil.

4. Submit your field layout to your trainer/supervisor

5. Interpret your farm layout

6. Implement 5,s in the area

Comments / Suggestions:

______________________________________________________________________

Trainer’s______________________ Date:________________

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INFORMATION SHEET 2.2-2
PLANTING SYSTEM

Objectives
After reading this information sheet the trainees/students must be able to:
1. Know the different planting system
2. Apply planting system in farming

Introduction

The systems of planting are also called systems of layout and none system is
ideal for planting of fruit plants in all conditions. There are
following systems of planting commonly used for planting of fruit trees. The
distance from plant to plant and row to row is kept equal.
METHODS OF PLANTING

1. Direct seeding: It is indirect because the seeds are not immediately sown on
the field. Instead, these seeds are first used to raise seedlings in pots or in
any temporary place and only when they reach the right age are they out
planted. The actual field planting may be accomplished either manually or
by mechanical means.

2. Transplanting; It is planting with the use of pre-grown seedlings or plants
that had been propagated from seeds. Crop area is here meant to refer to
any space intended for the growing of crops for the purpose of harvesting
some products.

PLANTING SYSTEM

1. Square system: This common system of planting adopted in plants. The
distance from plant to plant and row to row is kept equal. The planting is
done at each squares.

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2. Rectangular System –in this system planting is done row to row distance is
kept more than the plant to plant distance. The planting is done at each
corner of the rectangles.

Total Number of Plant = area of the land)/plant to plant distance x row to row
distance )

3. Diagonal or Quincunx –the quincunx system has been developed to utilize the
space between four trees that remains unutilized in the square system. The
planting is done similar to the square system except an additional plant is
planted at the center of the square. The main crop is called primary crop and
the filler is called secondary or supplementary crop.

4. Triangular System –the triangular system is similar to the square system: the

only difference is that the tree in the alternate rows are planted in the
middle of the corners of the squares, whereas in the alternate rows also
planting is done at the corners of the triangles whose base and altitude are

kept equal in length the one corner of such six isosceles triangles meeting at
the same point to form a hexagon whose six trees are planted at the six
corners and seventh tree is the midpoint of the hexagon.

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5. Hexagonal System –in this system of planting crop are planted at the corners
of triangles have all sides equal in length and are called equilateral triangles,

the one corner of six equilateral triangles meets at a point and forms hexagon
whose all six sides and angles are equal in length and degree, respectively.

The six plants are planted the six corners and seventh at the midpoint of the
hexagon

Total number of plant = (area of the land) (area occupied by single plant)

Area occupies by single plant = ¾ x A x A x 2

Where, A =length of a side of triangle or spacing between plants

6. Contour System =is an imaginary line connecting the points of equal height
on a slope. This system has been evolved for the planting of fruit trees on hilly
and slopes topography with the objective to minimize the soil erosion. The
trees are planted on the bench terrace prepared on the contour. The one row
of shrubs and grasses may be planted between two rows of fruit trees to
reduce water flow and thereby soil erosion more effectively.

Formula:
Where,

N=number of hedges, D=distance between plants, H=distance between hedges
V=vertical distance between rows

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PLANTING SYSTEM FOR VEGETABLES

1. Traditional vegetable garden. Growing crops on one large patch of soil is a
system that still works well for those gardeners who have the time and the
space to do it

2. Permaculture. Permaculture focuses on the sustainable use of your land and
working in harmony with nature. Permaculture methods are based on the
adage: Reduce, Reuse, And Recycle. Working with this system can cut down
on your carbon footprint. The idea is to plan your garden for easy access and
minimum labor, and to grow food without using chemicals.

3. No-dig- the no-dig technique may not be suitable on soils that are heavily
compacted. For maximum success with this method it is advisable to create
narrow beds between boards at least 15cm high, held in place with pegs
hammered into the ground- This needs to be watered well before spreading a
layer of compost, finished off with about 6cm of soil, which is the layer into
which you plant your seeds.

4. Raised Beds.-Raised beds work on the same principle as the no-dig
techniques, but tend to be deeper – they are basically large boxes of soil and
compost. Raised beds are filled with rich compost which is higher than the
surrounding ground and therefore remains dryer. This avoids the problems
of poor soil and bad drainage.

5. Square Foot Gardening- This system is particularly effective where space is
at a premium. This method is particularly suited to salad crops and
miniature varieties of vegetables. Close planting produces a micro-climate in
which weed growth is suppressed. The crops are easy to reach from all sides,
making it a very accessible way to grow produce directly outside your kitchen
door.

References:
1. www.agrihortieducation.com>2016/19>system-of-pl...

2. www.slidesshare.net>AshishKoradai1>plantingsystem
3. Agritech.tnau.ac.in>horticulture

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SELF-CHECK 2.2-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the letter of your answer and write it on the answer sheet
provided for.

1. The growing crops on one large patch of soil is a system that still works well

for those gardeners who have the time and the space to do it

a. Square foot gardening c. raised bed

b. Traditional vegetable garden d. permaculture

2. This method is particularly suited to salad crops and miniature varieties of

vegetables

a. Square foot gardening c. permaculture

b. No-dig d. raised bed

3. This system has been evolved for the planting of fruit trees on hilly and slopes

topography with the objective to minimize the soil erosion

a. Square system c. contour system

b. Hexagonal system d. triangular system

4. This avoids the problems of poor soil and bad drainage.

a. Square foot gardening c. permaculture

b. No-dig d. raised bed

5. The planting is done similar to the square system except an additional plant is

planted at the center of the square.

a. Quincunx system c. square system

b. Rectangular system d. contour system

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ANSWER KEY 2.2-2

1. B
2. A
3. C
4. D
5. A

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LEARNING OUTCOME 3: DIG HOLES

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
 Diggings of holes are performed based on crop
requirement.
 Top soil is separated to be used in covering the hole after
planting.
 Basal fertilizer application is performed based on
recommended amount.

CONTENTS:
 Steps in planting crops
 Basal fertilization

CONDITIONS:
The students/trainees must be provided with the following:
 Materials, tools, equipment in harvesting operations
 Personal protective equipment

METHODOLOGIES:
 Individual self-paced learning
 Lecture

ASSESSMENT METHODS:
 Written examination
 Interview
 Practical application (demonstration)

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 Direct observation

LEARNING OUTCOME NO. 3 DIG HOLES

LEARNING ACTIVITIES SPEIAL INSTRUCTIONS
Read Information Sheet 2.3-1
Information Sheet 2.3-1
Steps in Planting Crops

Self-check 2.3-1 Read and answer Self-check 2.3-1

Job Sheet 2.3-1 Read and Perform Job Sheet 2.3-1
Plant Fruit Trees

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INFORMATION SHEET 2.3-1
STEPS IN PLANTING CROPS AND BASAL FERTILIZATION

Objectives
After reading this information sheet the trainees/students must be able to:
1. Know the steps/procedures in planting crops
2. Perform planting of crops
3. Apply fertilizer correctly

Introduction:

Various methods of planting are practiced in crop farming. These can be put
under broad classifications such as direct seeding vs. transplanting, direct
planting vs. indirect planting, and manual vs. mechanized planting.

Whatever the method s of planting to be used the most important factor to
consider is the land preparation.

PROCEDURE IN PLANTING TREES/FRUIT TREES

1. Holing - for fruit trees./tree
crop The hole must be big
enough. “The bigger the hole the
better”

2. Removal of the soil –in removing
the soil. The top soil must be
separated from the Subsoil.

3. Basal fertilization the application of
fertilizer wherein the fertilizer is

place at the base of the plant before
planting.

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4. Preparation of the planting material
-for indirect planting remove the
container of the plant before planting

5. Setting of planting materials
- Set the seedling at the center of
the hole

6. Filling the hole with soil - return first
the top soil followed with the subsoil.

7. Praying “whatever we do it should be
offered to God (optional)

8. Providing temporary shed “fronding”

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PLANTING VEGETABLES

TRANSPPLANTING VEGETABLE SEEDLINGS
1. Mark where you plan to put each of your plants.

use a trowel to make a hole large enough to take
the root system.
2. Have the soil in the seedlings' containers damp

enough so that the soil clings to the roots of each
plant as much as possible.

3. Gently prise or tip out each vegetable seedling
from its container taking as much of the soil as you can with it into the
garden bed.

4. Firm the soil around the plant in its new position, cover the area with
mulch and water in gently. Initially leave a small gap between the mulch

and seedlings so that rot does not set in when the plants are so young
and tender.
5. It is best to transplant seedlings in the late afternoon or evening to give

the plants time to settle before being subjected to midday sun.

Reference:

1. Collection from laboratory activity of the trainees

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SELF-CHECK 2.3-1

MATCHING TYPE: Match Column A with Column B, write the letter of your answer on
the answer sheet provided for.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

1. Trowel a. must be return first into the hole
2. Indirect planting b. “the bigger the hole the better”
3. Basal c. remove the container of the seedlings
4. Holing d. use in transplanting vegetables
5. Top soil e. placing of fertilizer at the base of the plant before

planting

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ANSWER KEY 2.3-1

1. D
2. C
3. E
4. B
5. A

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Title : JOB SHEET 2.3-1

PLANT FRUIT TREES

Performance Objectives:

Given the necessary tools and materials for planting, you should
be able to perform the activity according to trainer’s /supervisor
instruction.
Materials /Supplies : area , planting materials , fertilizer

Tools/Equipment : digging tools , shovel , trowel

Steps / Procedures:

1. Prepare all the tools and materials for planting

2. Proceed to the area for the activity

3. Follow the layout for pLanting

4. Dig holes according to standard

5. Apply fertilizer according to the recommended rate

6. Finish the activity by provided the plant with temporary shade

7. Check all the tools and materials before leaving the area.

8. Implement 5’s to tools after using

Assessment Method:
Demonstration with questioning

Trainer’s Name: _________________ Date: _____________

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Performance Criteria Checklists 2.3-1

Criteria YES NO

DID YOU…

1. Prepare all the tools and materials for planting

2. Proceed to the area for the activity

3. Follow the layout for planting

4. Dig holes according to standard

5. Apply basal fertilization according to the
recommended rate

6. Install temporary shade /fronding to newly planted
crops

7. Check all the tools and materials before leaving the
area.

8. Implement 5’s to tools after using

Comments / Suggestions:
______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

Trainer’s Name:_______________________ Date:________________

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LEARNING OUTCOME 4: PERFORM DIRECT SEEDING

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
 Seeds are planted according to recommended rate, distance and
depth
 Replanting are timely done according to recommended practices form
a particular crop
 Safety procedures are followed according to Occupational Safety and
 Health Standards (OSHS) and Good Agricultural Practices (GAP)

CONTENTS:
 Direct seeding and replanting
 Safety procedures and good agricultural practices

CONDITIONS:
The students/trainees must be provided with the following:
 Materials, tools, equipment in harvesting operations
 Personal protective equipment

METHODOLOGIES:
 Individual self-paced learning
 Lecture

ASSESSMENT METHODS:
 Written examination
 Interview
 Practical application (demonstration)
 Direct observation

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LEARNING OUTCOME NO 4. PERFORM DIRECT SEEDING

LEARNING ACTIVITIES SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS
Read Information Sheet 2.4-1
Information Sheet 2.4-1
Direct seeding and Replanting

Self-check 2.4-1 Read and answer Self-check 2.4-1

Job Sheet 4.1-1 Read and perform Job sheet 4.1-1
Transplant Seedlings

Information Sheet 2.4-2 Read information Sheet 2.4-2
Safety Procedures and Good

Agricultural Practices

Self-check 2.4-2 Read and answer Self-check 2.4-2

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INFORMATION SHEET 2.4-1
DIRECT SEEDING AND REPLANTING

Objectives
After reading this information sheet the trainees/students must be able to:
1. Perform replanting
2. Perform direct seeding
3. Follow correct distance and recommended rate and depth of
planting

Introduction:

Direct seeding refers to farming systems that
fertilize and plant directly into undisturbed soil
in one field operation, or two separate operations

of fertilizing and planting. Much of the residue
from the previous crop is retained on the soil surface.
The reduced soil disturbance and retention of surface crop residues with direct

seed systems provide improved environmental protection while maintaining or
increasing soil productivity, and reducing production costs for farmers

METHODS OF DIRECT SEEDING

Direct seeded crops require less labor and tend
to mature faster than transplanted crops. In
thismethod, plants are not subjected to stresses
such as being pulled from the soil and
re-establishing fine rootlets. However, they have
more competition from weeds.

1. Broadcasting

 Broadcast 60−80 kg of seeds uniformly by hand or in furrows in 1
ha of field.

 Make shallow furrows by passing a furrower along the prepared
field.

 After broadcasting, cover the seeds using a spike-tooth harrow.
2. Drilling

 Precision equipment, such as the Turbo Happy Seeder, can be
used to drill seeds.

 Drill 80−100 kg of seeds per ha.

 Seeds are placed by the machine into both dry and moist soil, and
then irrigated. A smooth, level seedbed is necessary to ensure that
seeds are not planted at depths greater than 10−15 mm.

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 In this technique, fertilizers can be applied at the same time as

the seed. Manual weeding also is easier in machine-drilled crops
than in broadcast crops.

3. Dibbling: Dibbling or hill planting is usually practiced along mountain
slopes or where plowing and harrowing are difficult.

 Use a long wood or bamboo pole with a metal scoop attached at
the end for digging holes.

 Drop the seeds into the holes and cover them with soil.

CROP SPACING

Crop spacing is about the number of crops planted in a unit area. It is about
the distance between one plant and another. Agriculturalists have advice
about spacing with regard to particular crops, and this is based on research

findings with a view to maximize crop yields

If plants are planted far apart, they will not have to compete at all for resources.
They may produce higher yields per plant than more crowded plants, but if they
are spaced too far apart the yield for the entire field of plants can still be low.

DETERMINING PLANT SPACING

To determine the total space needed by each plant, multiply the distance
between plants within the rows (X) by the distance between the rows (Y). A. For a

square planting pattern with plants spaced 6” on center (O.C.), X = 6 and Y = 6.
Therefore, 6 × 6 = 36 in2.

STEPS IN PLANTING SEEDS

Prepare your seedbed. Make sure that the top 8-12 inches of your soil are loose
and fluffy. You can do this by digging, plowing, or if you’ve been tending your
garden for some years and using mulch, just raking away the mulch to reveal a

beautiful, soft, open palate. After loosening, run a rake over the bed to smooth
out its surface and remove any debris such as rocks or roots.
2 – Decide on a planting pattern and mark it out. Three of the most common

ways to plant are in rows, in a honeycomb pattern, and broadcast or scattered.
Depending on the crop and your overall management, one of these styles will be

the right choice for you. For rows, it can be helpful to scratch a furrow or run a
string to mark the row so that you stay on it while sowing. Some people use
planting jigs for honeycomb patterns.

3 – Sow seeds. Depending on the area you are planting, this can be done by
hand or with a device. Rolling, walk-behind seeders and jab-style seeders are
available for larger gardens and farms. Seeding devices can be homemade too.

Sowing depth depends on the crop you are working with, and ultimately on the
size of the seed. A general rule of thumb is to plant to a depth of 2x the width of

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the seed. Some seeds, however, need light to germinate, so check on your seed
packet for specific information.
4 – Cover seeds. Good soil contact is crucial for germination. It also means that
your seedlings won’t get dried out easily once they germinate. With you hands or
a hoe, cover the seeds completely with soil (unless they are light-dependent
germinators). Tamp the soil down gently. Walk-behind seeders do this step
automatically!
5 – Thin to desired spacing, and weed. Once your baby plants are up, thin out
enough of them so that you’re left with optimal spacing. Keep up with weeding
right from the start so that your crops don’t have to fend off competition from too
many vigorous neighbors.

WHAT IS TRANSPLANTING

In agriculture and gardening transplanting or replanting is the technique of
moving a plant from one location to another. Protecting young plants from
diseases and pests until they are sufficiently established; avoiding germination
problems by setting out seedlings instead of direct seeding.

When the seedlings have developed their second set of true leaves, it’s time
to transplant or thin them. If you don’t need many plants, you can thin them in
place: just pinch or snip off the excess seedlings, leaving the remaining ones
spaced about 2 inches apart.

STEPS IN TRANSPLANTING SEEDLINGS

Seedlings are the easiest and most common way of starting a Vegetable patch.

Seedlings are basically the germinated stage of a seed, taking out one of the
harder steps in getting into gardening. You can see what is growing immediately
after planting, which will make it much easier to dedicate your time to growing

your patch, without waiting weeks to see s single green leaf.

Seedlings are quite cheap and can be bought at any hardware or gardening
center.

Seeds can be grown and germinated in small containers, old jars, basically
anything, but when they get to seedling stage, they need more room for their

roots to grow. The seedlings must then be transplanted into a bigger
pot/container, or if room allows, a garden bed.

1. Seedlings should be hardened-off, well-fed and watered before
transplanting.

2. Prepare a weed-free surface. Loosen and aerate garden soil by tilling or

hoeing.
3. Dig a hole large enough for seedling.

4. Carefully remove seedling from its container. Try not to disturb the roots.

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5. Set seedling in hole level with soil surface. The exception is tomato
seedlings, which can be transplanted a bit deeper.

6. Feed seedling to kick start growth. I transplant each seedling with a hefty
handful of compost. If you don’t make compost, purchase specially
formulated fertilizer for transplanting.

7. Surround seedling with displaced soil.
8. Water seedling thoroughly.
9. Mulch seedling to maintain soil moisture and regulate temperature.
10. Keep area weed-free

1. Prepare a hole in well fertilized soil. The hole
should be wider than the seedling pot and
also about an inch and a half deeper, depending
on the size of the seedling.

2. Place your hand over the soil allowing the seedling stem to come between
your fingers not leaving too much of a
gap – we don’t want to lose it’s original
soil- and squeeze the bottom of the seedling
pot to loosen the soil and the roots from
the inner walls.

3. Continue squeezing and rotating the pot until you can slide the root cluster
with the soil straight out of the pot. When
using a pot with sufficient drainage, this
should all come out as one ‘clump’. Separate
the roots a little with your hands once you pull
it out to allow new space for growing.

4. Place the seedling in the hole while filling it with quality soil or potting mix. It
is advisable to bury part of the stem in the soil
as any of the stem that you bury will grow new
roots and boost the plant’s future growth!
However, do not bury leaves else they may cause
rot with watering, it’s best to remove the lowest
leaves to avoid such rot.

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5. Water generously and apply top soil/mulch/compost of choice. You will
notice that here I have applied a thin layer

of (chemical free) firewood sawdust. This is
because I have a bit of a snail problem and

they don’t like the sawdust. If you are going
to do this then do not use treated wood such
as treated pine as the chemicals can damage

your plants. Another option I have read about
is crushed eggshells. The snails don’t like them either, both options will also
provide beneficial nutrients to the soil!

References:

1. www.directseed.org>about.Why-direct-seed
2. www.knowledgebank.irri.org>growth>planting>directseeding

3. en.wikipedia.org>wiki.transplanting
4. www.sunset.com>garden.garden-basics.seedling-care-transplanting
5. www.instructables.com.living. gardening

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP JULY 10, 2020 ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II DEVELOPED BY:
TESDA-WNAS 75
PLANTING CROPS ERLINDA V. FERRER REVISION # of
Instructor
100

SELF-CHECK 2.4-1

MATCHING TYPE: match Column A with Column B, write the letter of your
answer on the answer sheet provided for.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

1. Broadcasting a. technique of moving a panty from one location to
another
2. Drilling
3. Dibbling b. number of crops planted in a unit area
4. Crop spacing c. seeds uniformly broadcast by hand

5. Transplanting d. seeds are placed by the machine in both dry and
moist soil

e. usually practiced along mountain slopes

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

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ANSWER KEY 2.4-1

1. C
2. D
3. E
4. B
5. A

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

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Title : JOB SHEET 2.4-1

TRANSPLANT CROPS

Performance Objectives:

Given the necessary tools and materials for transplanting activity,
you should be able to perform the activity according to trainer’s
/supervisor instruction.
Materials /Supplies : area , seedlings

Tools/Equipment : transplanting tool

Steps / Procedures:

1. Prepare all the tools and materials for transplanting

2. Perform the activity according to the instruction given by the
trainer/supervisor

3. Use the appropriate tools for transplanting

4. Follow the step by step procedures in transplanting

5. check the workplace area before leaving

6. Implement 5’s to tools after using

Assessment Method:
Demonstration with questioning

Trainer’s Name: _________________ Date: _____________

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP JULY 10, 2020 ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II DEVELOPED BY:
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PLANTING CROPS ERLINDA V. FERRER REVISION # of
Instructor
100

Performance Criteria Checklists 2.4-1

Criteria YES NO
1. Prepare all the tools and materials for transplanting

2. Perform the activity according to the instruction given
by the trainer/supervisor

3. Use the appropriate tools for transplanting

4. Follow the step by step procedures in transplanting

5. check the workplace area before leaving

6. Implement 5’s to tools after using

Comments / Suggestions:
______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

Trainer’s Name:_______________________ Date:________________

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP JULY 10, 2020 ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II DEVELOPED BY:
TESDA-WNAS 79
PLANTING CROPS ERLINDA V. FERRER REVISION # of
Instructor
100

INFORMATION SHEET 2.4-2
SAFETY PROCEDURES AND GOOD AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES

Objectives
After reading this information sheet the trainees/students must be able to:
1. Practice safety procedures in agriculture
2. Understand safety procedure and good agricultural practices

Introduction:

Agricultural safety and health is an aspect of occupational safety and health in
the agricultural workplace. It specifically addresses the health and safety of
farmers, farm workers, and their families.

OSHA has standards that cover agricultural operations, information on solutions
to common agricultural hazards, and other resources such as publications to
help employers and employees create and maintain safe and healthy work
environments.

Farm safety is a top priority among agricultural operators in the United States,
but despite all efforts to the contrary, farm work remains one of the most
dangerous occupations in the country. This danger is compounded by the
peculiar nature of farming; whole families may work the same land, exposing
potential caregivers to the same injuries that would render them caregivers in the
first place. In other words, on an unsafe farm, whole families can be injured
badly enough to lose their livelihoods.

FARM EMERGENCY PROCEDURES REGARDING SAFETY WORK
ENVIRONMENT

 Write a safety plan together that includes ways to identify hazards and
minimise potential risks.

 Always use appropriate safety equipment, such as machinery guards and
shields, helmets, gloves, goggles or breathing apparatus.

 Make sure everyone understands and uses safety procedures, especially
children.

FARM EQUIPMENT SAFETY TIPS

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

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100

1. Read and comply with the manual: Always thoroughly read the manual for
each piece of equipment.

2. Follow and keep up with federal and state laws
3. Always keep your slow-moving-emblem (SMV) clean, visible and properly

mounted.
4. Dress appropriately
5. Ensure you're well rested
6. Avoid alcohol
7. Maintain awareness
8. Adjust equipment accordingly
9. Keep children and animals away from working areas.
10. Read up about planter equipment safety.

WHAT IS GOOD AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES

Good agricultural practice (GAP) is a certification system for agriculture,
specifying procedures (and attendant documentation) that must be implemented
to create food for consumers or further processing that is safe and wholesome,
using sustainable methods.

GOOD AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES

1. Crop rotation –it preserves the productive capacity of the soil. It is a practiced
of growing series of dissimilar crops in the same area in sequenced seasons.

2. Cover crops - it is largely embedded to manage soil fertility, quality, erosion,
diseases, biodiversity, water, pests, weeds and wildlife in an agroecosystem.

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP JULY 10, 2020 ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II DEVELOPED BY:
TESDA-WNAS 81
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Instructor
100

3. Soil enrichment- there are various methods which are used to improve the
quality (nutrient content, organism’s activities of soil. Two majority used
types are the following
Types of soil enrichment

 Organic method – it performs better than the inorganic in terms of
biodiversity promotion.

 Inorganic method
4. Natural pest predator: Parasites, pathogens and predators manage pest

control.
5. Bio intensive, integrated Pest Management: A system approach to pest

management base on an understanding of pest ecology. It is primarily starts
with the step of diagnosing the nature depending on a range of preventive
tactics within limits.

References:

1. www.osha.gov>dsg>topics.agriculturaloperations

2. www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au>health>HealthyLiving>farm_safety.risk

3. www.rural.mutual.com>respource.farm-safety>farm-machinery>10...

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP JULY 10, 2020 ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II DEVELOPED BY:
TESDA-WNAS 82
PLANTING CROPS ERLINDA V. FERRER REVISION # of
Instructor
100

4. en.wikipedia.org>wiki>Good-agriculture-practice

SELF-CHECK 2.4-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the letter of your answer and write it on the answer
sheet provided for.

1. A system approach to pest management base on an understanding of pest

ecology.

a. Biointensive Integrated Pest Management

b. Natural pest predator

c. Soil enrichment

d. Crop rotation

2. It performs better than the inorganic in terms of biodiversity promotion.

a. Cover crops c. organic method

b. Inorganic method d. composting method

3. It is a certification system for agriculture, specifying procedures (and

attendant documentation) that must be implemented to create food for

consumers or further processing that is safe and wholesome, using

sustainable methods.

a. Agricultural safety c. farm safety

b. Occupational health and safety d. good agricultural practices

4. It specifically addresses the health and safety of farmers, farm workers, and

their families

a. Agricultural safety and health

b. Good agricultural practices

c. Occupational health and safety

d. Farm Safety

5. It is a practiced of growing series of dissimilar crops in the same area in

sequenced seasons

a. Crop rotation

b. Cover crops

c. Natural predators

d. Soil enrichment

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP JULY 10, 2020 ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II DEVELOPED BY:
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Instructor
100

ANSWER KEY 2.4-2

1. A
2. C
3. D
4. A
5. A

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

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100

LEARNING OUTCOME 5: TRANSPLANTING SEEDLINGS

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

 Handling of seedlings from nursery is performed based on prescribed
practices.

 Transplanting of seedlings is done based on crop practices
 Re-bagging is done for a particular crop requirement
 Replanting is timely done based on planting protocol.
 Safety procedures are followed according to Occupational Safety and

Health Standards (OSHS) and Good Agricultural Practices (GAP)

CONTENTS:

 Transplanting seedlings
 Replanting
 Safety procedures and good agricultural practices

CONDITIONS:
The students/trainees must be provided with the following:
 Materials, tools, equipment in harvesting operations
 Personal protective equipment

METHODOLOGIES:
 Individual self-paced learning
 Lecture

ASSESSMENT METHODS: DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01
 Written examination
 Interview JULY 10, 2020 ISSUED BY: Page
DEVELOPED BY:
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PLANTING CROPS Instructor
100

 Practical application (demonstration)
 Direct observation

LEARNING OUTCOME NO. 5: TRANSPALNTING SEEDLINGS

LEARNING ACTIVITIES SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS
Read Information Sheet 2.5-1
Information Sheet 2.5-1
Transplanting Seedlings

Self-check 2.5-1 Read and answer Self-check 2.5-1

Job Sheet 2.5-1 Read and perform Job Sheet 2.5-1
Transplant Seedlings

Information Sheet 2.5-2 Read Information Sheet 2.5-2
Safety Procedures and Good
Agricultural Practices

Self-check 2.5-2 Read and answer Self-check 2.5-2

s

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

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INFORMATION SHEET 2.5-1
TRANSPALNTING SEEDLINGS

Objectives
After reading this information sheet the trainees/students must be able to:
1. Transplant seedlings accordingly
3. Use appropriate tools for transplanting seedlings

Introduction:

WHAT IS TRANSPLANTING

In agriculture and gardening transplanting or replanting is the technique of
moving a plant from one location to another. Protecting young plants from
diseases and pests until they are sufficiently established; avoiding germination
problems by setting out seedlings instead of direct seeding.

When the seedlings have developed their second set of true leaves, it’s time

to transplant or thin them. If you don’t need many plants, you can thin them in
place: just pinch or snip off the excess seedlings, leaving the remaining ones
spaced about 2 inches apart.

STEPS IN TRANSPLANTING SEEDLINGS

Seedlings are the easiest and most common way of starting a Vegetable patch.
Seedlings are basically the germinated stage of a seed, taking out one of the

harder steps in getting into gardening. You can see what is growing immediately
after planting, which will make it much easier to dedicate your time to growing
your patch, without waiting weeks to see s single green leaf.

1. Use a hoe, spade, or trowel to make a small hole in your garden for each

seedling. The hole should be deep enough so the transplant is at the same

depth in the ground as it was in the pot (except for tomatoes). Make the hole

twice as wide as the root ball.

2. Unpot a seedling (unless it’s in a peat pot) by turning its pot upside down

and cupping the seedling with your hand. Be sure to keep the root mass and

soil intact. If the seedling doesn’t come out easily, gently tap on the edge of

the pot or gently press on the bottom of each cell of the flat with your

fingers. Whatever you do, don’t yank out a plant by its stem.

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

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100

Instructor

3. Check the root ball’s condition. If the roots are wound around the outside of
the pot, work them loose with your fingers so they can grow out into the soil.

Unwind larger roots and break smaller ones (this won’t hurt them) so they
all point outward. Try to keep as much of the original soil intact as possible.

4. Mix a diluted liquid fertilizer into the soil of the planting hole to help the
plants get off to a fast start. Reduce the recommended strength on the
fertilizer container by half. For example, if it says apply 1 tablespoon per

gallon of water, use only 1/2 tablespoon.
5. Put each prepared seedling into the holes that you made.

Plant seedlings at the correct depth.
6. After firming the soil around the roots with your hands, form a shallow soil

basin around the base of the transplant. The soil basin serves as a moat
around the seedling to hold water. When you water or when it rains, the

moisture stays in the moat and drains to where the roots are located.
7. Depending on the conditions, water the bed that day or the next. If the

weather has been dry or if the soil is sandy, you may want to water the

entire bed; if it’s rainy or the soil is already very wet, wait until tomorrow to
water.

8. Keep the bed moist while the seedlings get established and begin to grow
strongly. Mulch after the seedlings become well-established. In extreme hot,
dry weather, provide temporary shade for transplants with paper tents or

wooden shingles pushed into the ground on the south or west side of the
plants.

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

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PRODUCTION NC II DEVELOPED BY:
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100

References:
1. www.directseed.org>about.Why-direct-seed

2. www.knowledgebank.irri.org>growth>planting>directseeding
3. en.wikipedia.org>wiki.transplanting

4. www.sunset.com>garden.garden-basics.seedling-care-transplanting
5. www.instructables.com.living. gardening

SELF-CHECK 2.5-1

MATCHING TYPE: match Column A with Column B, write the letter of your
answer on the answer sheet provided for.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

1. Transplanting a. use in making small holes
2. Seedlings b. turning its pot upside down

3. Trowel c. moving plant from one location to another
4. Unpot seedlings d. germinated seeds
e. Plant seedlings at correct depth

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

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100

ANSWER KEY 2.5-1

1. C
2. D
3. A
4. B

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

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100

Title : JOB SHEET 2.5-1

TRANSPLANT SEEDLINGS

Performance Objectives:

Given the necessary tools and materials for transplanting activity,
you should be able to perform the activity according to trainer’s
/supervisor instruction.
Materials /Supplies : area , seedlings

Tools/Equipment : transplanting tool

Steps / Procedures:

1. Prepare all the tools and materials for transplanting

2. Perform the activity according to the instruction given by the
trainer/supervisor

3. Use the appropriate tools for transplanting

4. Follow the step by step procedures in transplanting

5. check the workplace area before leaving

6. Implement 5’s to tools after using

Assessment Method:
Demonstration with questioning

Trainer’s Name: _________________ Date: _____________

AGRICULTURAL CROP DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01
PRODUCTION NC II
PLANTING CROPS JULY 10, 2020 ISSUED BY: Page
DEVELOPED BY:
TESDA-WNAS 91
ERLINDA V. FERRER REVISION # of
Instructor
100

Performance Criteria Checklists 2.5-1

Criteria YES NO

DID YOU…

1. Prepare all the tools and materials for transplanting

2. Perform the activity according to the instruction given
by the trainer/supervisor

3. Use the appropriate tools for transplanting

4. Follow the step by step procedures in transplanting

5. check the workplace area before leaving

6. Implement 5’s to tools after using

Comments / Suggestions:
______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP JULY 10, 2020 ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II DEVELOPED BY:
TESDA-WNAS 92
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Instructor
100

Trainer’s Name: _____________________ Date: ________________

INFORMATION SHEET 2.5-2
SAFETY PROCEDURES AND GOOD AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES

Objectives
After reading this information sheet the trainees/students must be able to:
4. Practice safety procedures in agriculture
5. Understand safety procedure and good agricultural practices

Introduction:

Agricultural safety and health is an aspect of occupational safety and health in
the agricultural workplace. It specifically addresses the health and safety of
farmers, farm workers, and their families.

OSHA has standards that cover agricultural operations, information on solutions
to common agricultural hazards, and other resources such as publications to
help employers and employees create and maintain safe and healthy work
environments.

Farm safety is a top priority among agricultural operators in the United States,
but despite all efforts to the contrary, farm work remains one of the most
dangerous occupations in the country. This danger is compounded by the
peculiar nature of farming; whole families may work the same land, exposing
potential caregivers to the same injuries that would render them caregivers in the
first place. In other words, on an unsafe farm, whole families can be injured
badly enough to lose their livelihoods.

FARM EMERGENCY PROCEDURES REGARDING SAFETY WORK
ENVIRONMENT

 Write a safety plan together that includes ways to identify hazards and
minimise potential risks.

 Always use appropriate safety equipment, such as machinery guards and
shields, helmets, gloves, goggles or breathing apparatus.

 Make sure everyone understands and uses safety procedures, especially
children.

FARM EQUIPMENT SAFETY TIPS DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP JULY 10, 2020 ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II DEVELOPED BY:
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ERLINDA V. FERRER REVISION # of
Instructor
100

11. Read and comply with the manual: Always thoroughly read the manual for
each piece of equipment.

12. Follow and keep up with federal and state laws
13. Always keep your slow-moving-emblem (SMV) clean, visible and properly

mounted.
14. Dress appropriately
15. Ensure you're well rested
16. Avoid alcohol
17. Maintain awareness
18. Adjust equipment accordingly
19. Keep children and animals away from working areas.
20. Read up about planter equipment safety.

WHAT IS GOOD AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES

Good agricultural practice (GAP) is a certification system for agriculture,
specifying procedures (and attendant documentation) that must be implemented
to create food for consumers or further processing that is safe and wholesome,
using sustainable methods.

GOOD AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES

6. Crop rotation –it preserves the productive capacity of the soil. It is a practiced
of growing series of dissimilar crops in the same area in sequenced seasons.

7. Cover crops - it is largely embedded to manage soil fertility, quality, erosion,
diseases, biodiversity, water, pests, weeds and wildlife in an agroecosystem.

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP JULY 10, 2020 ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II DEVELOPED BY:
TESDA-WNAS 94
PLANTING CROPS ERLINDA V. FERRER REVISION # of
Instructor
100

8. Soil enrichment- there are various methods which are used to improve the
quality (nutrient content, organism’s activities of soil. Two majority used
types are the following
Types of soil enrichment

 Organic method – it performs better than the inorganic in terms of
biodiversity promotion.

 Inorganic method
9. Natural pest predator: Parasites, pathogens and predators manage pest

control.
10. Bio intensive, integrated Pest Management: A system approach to pest

management base on an understanding of pest ecology. It is primarily starts
with the step of diagnosing the nature depending on a range of preventive
tactics within limits.

References:
1. www.osha.gov>dsg>topics.agriculturaloperations
2. www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au>health>HealthyLiving>farm_safety.risk
3. www.rural.mutual.com>respource.farm-safety>farm-machinery>10...
4. en.wikipedia.org>wiki>Good-agriculture-practice

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP JULY 10, 2020 ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II DEVELOPED BY:
TESDA-WNAS 95
PLANTING CROPS ERLINDA V. FERRER REVISION # of
Instructor
100

SELF-CHECK 2.5-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the letter of your answer and write it on the answer
sheet provided for.

6. A system approach to pest management base on an understanding of pest

ecology.

e. Biointensive Integrated pest Management

f. Natural pest predator

g. Soil enrichment

h. Crop rotation

7. It performs better than the inorganic in terms of biodiversity promotion.

c. Cover crops c. organic method

d. Inorganic method d. composting method

8. It is a certification system for agriculture, specifying procedures (and

attendant documentation) that must be implemented to create food for

consumers or further processing that is safe and wholesome, using

sustainable methods.

c. Agricultural safety c. farm safety

d. Occupational health and safety d. good agricultural practices

9. It specifically addresses the health and safety of farmers, farm workers, and

their families

e. Agricultural safety and health

f. Good agricultural practices

g. Occupational health and safety

h. Farm Safety

10. It is a practiced of growing series of dissimilar crops in the same area in

sequenced seasons

e. Crop rotation

f. Cover crops

g. Natural predators

h. Soil enrichment

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

AGRICULTURAL CROP JULY 10, 2020 ISSUED BY: Page
PRODUCTION NC II DEVELOPED BY:
TESDA-WNAS 96
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Instructor
100

ANSWER KEY 2.5-2

2. A
3. C
4. D
5. A
6. A

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

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Instructor
100

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

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100

END

DATE DEVELOP: DOCUMENT NO.ACP2-01

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