10-Active and Passive Voice

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Simple Sentence

Numbers (Singular/Plural subjects)

She eats pizza every day.

Time (Tenses)

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Subject Verb

I am a student. Verb to be
She is beautiful.

You are smart.

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Subject Verb

I sleep late every day. Intransitive
I am sleeping now. Verb = VI
I will sleep at midnight.
I slept late yesterday.

I have slept for 5 hours.

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Main Helping Main Verb late every day.
Verb verb
sleep
Helping I
Verb
I amPresent Cont. sleeping now.

I willFuture Simple sleep at midnight.

I slept late yesterday.
I havePresent Perf. slept for 5 hours.

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Subject Verb Object

She has many friends. Transitive
I have many friends. Verb = VT

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Subject Verb Object

She eats rice every day.

She is eating rice now. Transitive
She will eat rice soon. Verb = VT

She ate rice yesterday.

She has eaten rice since this morning.

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Helping Main Object
verb Verb

Main She eats rice every day.
Verb now.
ShePresenitsCont. eating rice soon.
Helping
Verb SheFuturewSiimllple eat rice

She ate rice yesterday.
ShePreshenat Pserf. eaten rice
since this morning

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10

Present Simple do / does
(helping verb)
Subject + V(s/es)

Subject Affirmative Negative Yes-No Wh-Questions
Questions

He sleeps He does Does he sleep? Where does
She goes not sleep. he sleep?
It studies

I sleep They do Do they sleep? Where do
You go not sleep. they sleep?
We
study 11
They

Present Continuous

Subject + Be + Ving

Subject Affirmative Negative Yes-No Wh-Questions
Questions
He is not
He sleeping. Is he sleeping? Where is he
She is sleeping sleeping?
It I am not
sleeping.
I am sleeping They are not Am I sleeping? Where am I
You are sleeping sleeping. sleeping?
We
Are they Where are
They sleeping? they sleeping?

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Future Simple

Subject + will + Base Verb

Subject Affirmative Negative Yes-No Wh-Questions
Questions

He will not sleep. Will she sleep? Where will she
She will sleep. sleep?
It

I will sleep. will not sleep. Will they sleep? Where will
You they sleep?
We
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They

Past Simple did
(helping verb)
Subject + V2

Subject Affirmative Negative Yes-No Wh-Questions
Questions
He worked He did not Where did he
She cried sleep. Did he sleep? sleep?
It slept
They did Did they sleep? Where did
I worked not sleep. they sleep?
You cried
We slept
They
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Present Perfect

Subject + has/have + V3

Subject Affirmative Negative Yes-No Wh-Questions
Questions

He He has not Has he slept? Where has he
She has slept slept. slept?
It

I Where have
Have they slept? they slept?
You have slept They have
We not slept.

They 15

Passive Voice

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Passive Voice

• Passive Voice is the grammatical function in which
the object of the sentence is raised and placed as
the subject of the sentence. It is used in cases where
the object in the sentence is emphasized and
important for the action occurring.

Subject (Obj) Verb to be V3

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Non-Agentive or Agentless
Passives

The shop was burned down.
The dinner is served now.
This chair was made in Italy.
The window was broken.

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The letter was written by a boy.

Agentive Blue shoes are worn by them.
Passives She was bit by the snake yesterday.

The rat is being chased by the cat.

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Grammar in Context Active and Passive Voice

The Statue of Liberty

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Grammar Focus Passive Voice

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Grammar Focus Passive Voice

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Grammar Focus Passive Voice

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Grammar Focus Passive Voice

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Grammar Focus Passive Voice

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Grammar Focus Passive Voice

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Grammar Focus Passive Voice: Present Simple

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is are is
is am V.3
are are
is
is 30
is
am
are
are

1. Firemen wear special uniform.

Special uniform is worn by firemen.

2. Architects design houses.

Houses are designed by architects. is V.3
am
3. Mr. Elliot pays the workers. are 31
The workers are paid by Mr. Elliot.

4. My brother rides a motorbike.
A motorbike is ridden by my brother.

5. She sends text messages every hour.

Text messages are sent every hour by her.

6. Teenagers use a lot of technology.
A lot of technology is used by teenagers.

Grammar Focus Passive Voice: Present Cont.

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Grammar Focus Passive Voice: Present Cont

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1. The gym _i_s_b__e_in_g____ renovated. is
2. The plants _a_r_e_b__e_in_g___ watered. am being V.3
3. Progress _i_s_b__e_in__g___ made. are

4. A new museum _i_s_b__e_in__g____ built now.
5. My cars __a_r_e_b__e_in_g___ repaired.
6. I __a_m___b_e_in__g___ questioned by the police.

7. The child ______________ taken good care of by

the doctor.

8. Tom __i_s_b__e_in_g_____ charged with murder.
9. We _a_r_e_b__e_in__g_ helped.

10. They _a_r_e__b_e_i_n_g___ arrested right now.

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1. The police are recording the conversation.

The conversation is being recorded by the police.
is
2. Jane is writing the letter to Jim. am being V.3
are
The letter to Jim is being written by Jane.
3. The workers are repairing the bridge.

The bridge is being repaired by the workers.

4. A bird is eating the worm.

The worm is being eaten by a bird.

5. They are discussing the problem.

The problem is being discussed by them.

6. The waiter is serving drinks in the lounge bar.

Drinks in the lounge bar are being served by the waiter3.5

Grammar Focus Passive Voice: Past Simple

opened

was opened

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1. My car __w__a_s__ repaired last week. was V.3
2. These films __w_e__re__ made 10 years ago. were

3. The email _w__a_s__sent to you two hours ago.
4. The garbage _w__a_s___ collected yesterday.
5. These songs _w__e_r_e___ not written by John Lennon.
6. The cars __w__e_r_e__ not damaged in the accident.
7. A lot of people _w__e_r_e__ invited to the party last week.
8. The chocolate cake w__a_s____ eaten by the children last

night.
9. All the reports _w__e_r_e___typed by the secretary.
10. This pictures _w__e_r_e_ taken during our last Christmas.

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1. Somebody built this house in 1930. was
This house was built in 1930 (by somebody). were V.3

2. Alexander Flemming discovered penicillin in 1928.

Penicillin was discovered by Alxander Flemming in 1928.

3. Someone turned the lights off.

The lights were turned off (by someone).
4. A detective found the missing child.

The missing child was found by a detective.

5. One of the students broke the window.

The window was broken by one of the students.

6. someone stole Jim’s bike last night. 38
Jim’s bike was stolen last night.

Grammar Focus Passive Voice: Present Perfect

has opened

has been
opened

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has

1. Many buildings _h_a_v_e_b__e_e_n_ destroyed have been V.3
in the earthquake in Mexico.

2. Many lives h__a_v_e_b_e_e__n lost in the tsunami in Indonesia.
3. He h__a_s_b_e_e_n__ employed by a big company.
4. Our house _h_a_s__b_e_e_n_ broken into.
5. Some trees h_a__v_e_b_e_e_n_ planted in the street.
6. I _h_a_v_e_b__e_e_n_ bitten by a snake.
7. Coffee _h_a_s_b__e_e_n_ grown in Brazil.
8. Animals h__a_v_e_b_e_e_n_ fed twice a day.
9. Spanish _h_a_s__b_e_e_n___ spoken in Italian.
10. ‘Leave the Door Open’ h__a_s_b_e_e_n_ sung be Bruno Mars.

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I. I have finished the homework. has
have been V.3
The homework has been finished by me.
2. She has read that book.

That book has been read by her.
3. We have known Jane for a long time.

Jane has been known by us for a long time.
4. They have cooked Chinese food.

Chinese food has been cooked by them.
5. I have accepted the invitation.

The invitation has been accepted by me.
6. He has taken cared of his patients.

His patients have been taken care of by him. 41

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Focused Practice Passive Voice

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Focused Practice Passive Voice

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Focused Practice Passive Voice

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Money is collected by my son.
A piece of chocolate cake was eaten by me.

North Carolina Museum of Art will be visited by
millions of people.

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The window was opened by my grandmother.
The students were read the books by the librarian
Their homework has been done by my students.
My father’s car was washed by him three weeks
ago.
Some questions will be asked by the teacher.

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My boss will be introduced to you by me this week. 48
The window was opened by my grandmother.
The contract should be signed by our boss.

Several homes and schools were smashed by an
unexpected tornado.
The pictures can be cut out by the manager.

A new computer will be bought by Michael.

His car will not be repaired by Robert.

The new policy was approved by the executive
committee.

New workers will be employed by the company.

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Focused Practice Passive Voice

Someone stole the money. 50
Someone paid them on Fridays.
Someone quickly forgot them.
Someone will have designed cars.
The servant carries the wine.