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ROOM 1
13 DESEMBER 2022

CORRELATION BETWEEN COMMUNITY
MOBILITY AND COVID-19 INCIDENCE IN
SOUTH KALIMANTAN IN 2020 AND 2021

Kamilia Quamila Andriani1, Rudi Fakhriadi1, Hadrianti H. D. Lasari1, Noor
Ahda Fadillah1, Dian Rosadi1

1Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru
Coresspondence Author: [email protected]

Abstract:

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) is transmitted through direct or indirect contact.
Humans as hosts can carry agents of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV-2) which contaminate the environment and spread to more people. This study
aims to analyze the relationship between community mobility and Covid-19 incidence in
South Kalimantan through an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach
using the Spearman's rho correlation test. In 2020, mobility in several areas outside
residential shows a very weak positive correlation (r = 0.161) to moderate (r = 0.416) while
residential mobility has a very weak negative correlation (r = -0.221). Whereas in 2021,
mobility outside residential has a strong negative correlation (r = -0.626) and residential
mobility tends to have a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.490). It is concluded that
community mobility in 2021 is no longer related to the reported Covid-19 cases as it was in
the previous year.

Keywords: Community mobility; Covid-19; Grocery and pharmacy stores; Parks;
Residential; Retail and recreation; Transit Stations; Workplaces

MEASLES AN OVERVIEW OF A HIGHLY
CONTAGIOUS DISESASE CAUSING BURDEN
TO HEALTH STATUS

M Rifqi Khairi1, M Febri Saputra2 Harapan Parlindungan Ringoringo3

1Department of Pediatric Idaman General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of
Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarbaru
2Department of Pediatric Soeharsono Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lambung
Mangkurat, Banjarmasin
3Department of Pediatric, Idaman General Hospital, Banjarbaru
Coresspondence Author: [email protected]

Abstract:

Measles is an acute viral infection disease. References to measles can be found from as early
as the 7th century, since then causing burden to health status worldwide especially the
developed countries. It is highly contagious, around 9 out of 10 people who are not protected
will become infected following exposure to the virus. Measles is a preventable disease,
countries in which the measles vaccine is widely used have experienced a marked decrease
in incidence of disease. Despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccine, in 2018,
around 350.000 measles cases were reported worldwide, resulted in an estimate of 142.300
deaths from measles. Additionally, in 2017, global measles cases spiked, causing death of
110.000 people, mostly children under the age of 5 years and immunocompromised adults.
This event draw scientific interest. For this reason, we reviewed this topic about measles and
the strategies to handle it (clinical management and public health management) in order to
reach measles elimination status.

Keywords: Measles, Measles cases, Clinical manifestation, Measles management, Measles
vaccine.

Campak adalah infeksi virus akut yang sangat menular. Penyakit ini telah lama
didokumentasikan bahkan sejak abad ke 7 dan sejak dulu menyebabkan masalah kesehatan
di seluruh dunia terutama di negara berkembang. Diperkirakan 9 dari 10 orang yang rentan
dapat tertular campak setelah berkontak dengan penderitanya sehingga campak dengan
mudah menyebabkan epidemi. Campak adalah penyakit yang dapat dicegah, negara dengan
penerapan vaksinasi campak secara luas mengalami penurunan kasus secara dramatis.
Walaupun telah tersedia vaksin campak yang aman dan efektif, kejadian campak sampai
saat ini masih dilaporkan. Pada tahun 2018 sekitar 350.000 orang dilaporkan menderita
campak, sekitar 142.300 diantaranya meninggal dunia dengan penderita terbanyak adalah
anak anak di bawah 5 tahun dan orang orang dengan status immunocompromise. Kejadian
ini menarik perhatian para peneliti. Dengan alasan inilah kami melakukan tinjauan terhadap
topik campak serta strategi tatalaksananya dalam mencapai tujuan status eliminasi virus
tersebut.

Kata kunci: Campak, Epidemiologi campak, Manifestasi klinik campak, Tatalaksana
campak, Vaksinasi campak.

CORRELATION OF AIR TEMPERATURE,
HUMIDITY AND RAINFALL WITH THE
INCIDENCE OF LUNG TUBERCULOSIS
(ECOLOGICAL STUDY IN BANJARBARU CITY
2016-2020)

Muhammad Irfan1, Rudi Fakhriadi2, Noor Ahda Fadillah2, Hadrianti H.D.
Lasari3, Dian Rosadi2

1Faculty of Medicine, University of Lambung Mangkurat, <Banjarbaru>
2Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lambung Mangkurat,
<Banjarbaru>
3Department of Biostatistic and Demography, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lambung
Mangkurat, <Banjarbaru>
Coresspondence Author: [email protected]

Abstract:

Tuberculosis is a contagious infectious disease that mainly attacks the lungs. Data from the
2020 Banjarbaru City Health Office showed that as many as 86 (0,0021%) new cases of
pulmonary tuberculosis were clinically diagnosed and 82 new cases of pulmonary
tuberculosis were confirmed bacteriologically. One of the environmental factors that
correlates with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis is climate. The purpose of the
study was to explain the correlation between air temperature, air humidity and rainfall with
the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Banjarbaru City in 2016-2020. The research
design uses ecological studies with a time trend approach. Data analysis used the Pearson
test and Rank Spearman. The results showed that the correlation between air temperature
(p=0,305), air humidity (p=0,907) and rainfall (p=0,409) on the incidence of pulmonary
tuberculosis. The conclusion is that there is no significant correlation and a very weak
correlation between air temperature, air humidity and rainfall on the number of pulmonary
tuberculosis cases in Banjarbaru City in 2016-2020.

Keywords: Air humidity; Air temperature; Infectious diseases; Pulmonary tuberculosis;
Rainfall

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TEST OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF
Xylocarpus granatum LEAVES AGAINST Staphylococcus aureus ATCC

25923 AND Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 12344

Raymona Dewi Ginarti

Xylocarpus granatum (X. granatum) is a type of mangrove plant that commonly found in the
mangrove forest area of Pulau Burung, South Kalimantan. X. granatum leaves are known to
contain secondary metabolites that act as antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to test the
antibacterial power of the ethanol extract (ED) of X. granatum leaves against Staphylococcus
aureus (S. aureus) ATCC 25923 and Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) ATCC 12344. This
experimental study design used a posttest-only with control group design with inhibition test using
the paper disc diffusion method. The treatment group on ED X. granatum 25%, 50%, 75% and
100%, as well as the chloramphenicol and 1% DMSO control. Inhibition zone diameter data from
ED treatment of S. aureus (9.20–16.37 mm) and S. pyogenes (8.13–15.69 mm) this inhibition zone
is moderate to strong category. The mean of ED inhibition zone of S. aureus greater than S.
pyogenes, which is significantly different according to the one-way ANOVA test, Duncan post-
hoc test, and independent T-test. The antibacterial activity of the extract is still under positive
control. In conclusion, the ethanol extract of X. granatum leaves has antibacterial activity against
S. aureus and S. pyogenes with moderate to strong inhibition zone.
Keywords: Antibacterial activity, paper disc diffusion, leaves ethanol extract, Xylocarpus

granatum, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes

SEORANG LAKI-LAKI USIA 24 TAHUN DENGAN DEMAM DENGUE DISERTAI
TANDA BAHAYA DAN ELEVATED LIVER ENZYM

Istiqomah1, Nani Zaitun2, Riswanto 2

1 Residen Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Spesialis Penyakit Dalam, Fakultas Kedokteran
Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
2 Divisi Tropik Infeksi, Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas
Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarmasin, Indonesia

Abstrak

Demam dengue disebabkan oleh virus dengue, yaitu salah satu virus patogen yang ditularkan
oleh nyamuk yang paling mematikan pada manusia. Di area lahan basah seperti Kalimantan Selatan
insiden 47,84 per 100.000 penduduk dengan angka kematian 0,75%. Dilaporkan seorang laki-laki usia
24 tahun datang ke IGD RS Ulin Banjarmasin dengan keluhan utama demam sejak dua hari
sebelum masuk rumah sakit, mual dan muntah sejak 1 hari sebelum masuk rumah sakit. Pasien
tinggal di rumah dekat daerah berair dan banyak nyamuk. Pada pemeriksaan fisik didapatkan
keadaan umum tampak sakit sedang, sklera slight ikterik, nyeri tekan epigastrik minimal,
hepar/ lien/ massa tidak teraba, tidak ada akral dingin serta tidak ada petekie. Dari hasil
laboratorium jumlah trombosit dalam batas normal, namun terjadi peningkatan nilai SGOT
serta SGPT. Pada hari perawatan kedua pasien masih merasa demam dan jumlah trombosit
dalam batas normal, serta nilai tubex 4. Pada hari perawatan ketiga, pasien sudah tidak
mengeluh demam lagi namun jumlah trombosit dan leukosit menurun dan direncanakan
pemeriksaan serologis antidengue IgG dan Ig M. Pada hari perawatan keempat diketahui IgG
dan IgM antidengue positif dengan jumlah trombosit 39.000/ul dan leukosit 2500/ul. Pasien
didiagnosis demam dengue disertai tanda bahaya dan elevated liver enzym . Pasien dirawat
selama 7 hari mulai tanggal 17 sampai dengan 23 Mei 2022. Pasien kemudian dipulangkan
setelah terjadi perbaikan baik dalam hal klinis maupun laboratoris.

Kata-kata kunci : demam dengue, virus dengue, lahan basah, trombosit, elevated liver enzym

FACTORS RELATED TO PNEUMONIA IN
TODDLERS (ADVANCED ANALYSIS OF 2018
RISKESDAS RESULTS DATA FOR SOUTH
KALIMANTAN PROVINCE)

Rahmat Hidayat1, Hadrianti H.D. Lasari2, Rudi Fakhriadi3, Dian Rosadi3,
Noor Ahda Fadillah3

1Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, <Banjarbaru>
2Department of Biostatistics and Demoghraphy, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat
University, <Banjarbaru>
3Department of Epidemiolgy, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University,
<Banjarbaru>
Coresspondence Author: [email protected]

Abstract:

Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) shows that the prevalence of pneumonia in toddlers in
Indonesia has increased from 2013 which was originally only 1.85% to 4.8% with a
mortality rate of 0.08 % in 2018. This study aims to explain the factors associated with the
incidence of pneumonia in toddlers in South Kalimantan based on the 2018 Riskesdas data.
The research design used was cross-sectional. Data analysis was carried out by bivariate
test using chi square test. The results showed that there was no relationship between
ventilation area in the master bedroom (p-value= 0,417), master bedroom lighting (p-
value=0,489), immunization status (p-value=0,872), vitamin A intake (p-value=1,000), and
birth weight (p-value=1,000) with the incidence of pneumonia in toddlers. The conclusion
of this study is that ventilation, lighting, immunization status, vitamin A intake, and birth
weight are not related to the incidence of pneumonia in toddlers.

Keywords: Immunization status; Lighting; Pneumonia in toddlers; Riskesdas; Ventilation
area

ROOM 2
13 DESEMBER 2022

Profile Microvascular and Macrovascular Complication of Diabetes Mellitus
in Wetland Area: A Study From Best-Diab 2 (Borneo Wetland Study on
Diabetes 2)

Venna Febrian K1, Adlan Fariz1, Achmad Muamar1, Nanang Miftah Fajari2

1Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
2Endocrine, Metabolic and Diabetes Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung

Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia

Abstract :
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a disease that is strongly associated with microvascular and
macrovascular complications that, if left untreated, can produce chronic complications that affect
quality of life.
Methods: A cross-sectional study with outpatients at the metabolic endocrine polyclinic of
diabetes mellitus at Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin, as a population
Results: A total of 545 data were collected during the 2019-2022 period. Macrovascular
complications were hypertension 66.2%, DFU 23.9%, CAD 17.05%, and stroke/CVA 10.08%,
while microvascular complications were diabetic retinopathy (78.6%), diabetic neuropathy
(84.6%), diabetic nephropathy (14.9%), and erectile dysfunction (73.3%) in male patients.
Conclusion: The most common microvascular complications are diabetic neuropathy in the
majority of female patients and erectile dysfunction in all male patients. The most macrovascular
complications are hypertension with the majority of female

Keywords: microvascular complications, macrovascular complications, Diabetes Mellitus (DM),
wetlands, Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin.

NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF BODY WEIGHT IS
NOT RELATED WITH THE INTELLIGENCE
SCORE USING GOODENOUGH DRAW A
PERSON METHOD IN EARLY CHILDHOOD

Oski Illiandri

Department Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lambung Mangkurat,
Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan
Coresspondence Author: [email protected]

Abstract:

It was widely known that lack of nutrient in childhood influence brain development in
adulthood. Nutritional status that can be measured was body weight (BW). Some reports
have shown that nutritional status has a close relationship with intelligence. However there
has been no data showing that BW has a relationship with intelligence. Research was
conducted with the subject of students of SDN Curahmoho Mojokerto at grades 1 and 2.
Intelligence score was measured by drawing people methods, Goodenough Draw A
Person Test. This test was choose because its relatively easy and fun for a young child
compared with other method. From the analysis of the results study using Chi Square
shows that the nutritional status of BW did not show a significant difference in intelligence
scores between groups. The conclusion is that nutritional status in short term period BW
has not related with inteliggence score in early childhood.

Keywords: Nutritional status; Score intelligence; Body weight; Child

PENGARUH GEL EKSTRAK DAUN RAMANIA (Bouea macrophylla Griff)
KONSENTRASI 15% TERHADAP KETEBALAN EPITEL (Studi in vivo Pasca

Pencabutan Gigi Tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus))

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Pencabutan gigi adalah tindakan yang sering dilakukan oleh dokter gigi.
Reepitelisasi merupakan salah satu parameter keberhasilan penyembuhan luka. Semakin cepat
proses reepitelisasi terjadi maka semakin singkat waktu penyembuhan luka. Ekstrak daun
ramania mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder yang berperan dalam proses penyembuhan
luka diantaranya flavonoid, fenol, alkaloid, steroid dan terpenoid. Tujuan: Mengetahui adanya
pengaruh gel ekstrak daun ramania (Bouea macrophylla Griff) konsentrasi 15% terhadap
ketebalan epitel di hari ke-3, 5 dan 7 pada soket pasca pencabutan gigi tikus wistar jantan.
Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan ekperimental laboratoris secara in vivo
dengan rancangan posttest-only with control design. Sampel penelitian ini adalah tikus wistar
(Rattus norvegicus) jantan sebanyak 27 ekor yang dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok, yaitu kelompok
yang diberi gel ekstrak daun ramania konsentrasi 15% (perlakuan), kelompok yang diberi gel
Aloe vera dan bahan tambahan (kontrol positif) dan kelompok yang hanya diberikan pakan
saja (kontrol negatif). Masing masing kelompok didekaputasi dan dibuat sediaan histologi
dengan pewarnaan HE untuk dilihat ketebalan epitel. Analisis data diolah dan diproses
menggunakan sofware komputer SPSS. Hasil: Hasil uji Two-way ANOVA meununjukkan
perbedaan yang bermakna antara ketebalan epitel dan kelompok perlakuan dengan nilai
sig.0,00 (<0,05). Perbedaan bermakna juga terjadi antara ketebalan epitel dan hari perlakuan
dengan menunjukkan nilai sig.0,00 (<0,05). Kesimpulan: Gel ekstrak daun ramania
konsentrasi 15% berpengaruh terhadap ketebalan epitel pasca pencabutan gigi tikus wistar pada
hari ke-3, 5 dan 7.

Kata kunci: daun ramania (Bouea macrophylla Griff), ketebalan epitel, pencabutan gigi

Corresponding: Rizki Ramadhiyanti Mahdjar, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas
Lambung
Mangkurat, JL. Veteran Sungai Bilu No.128, Melayu, Banjarmasin Tengah, Kota Banjarmasin,
Kalimantan Selatan 70122, E-mail: [email protected]

LITERATUE REVIEW: TERTIER PREVENTION
WITH HERBAL PLANT THERAPY TO LOWER
BLOOD PRESSURE IN HYPERTENSION
PATIENTS IN INDONESIA

Nurlinawati1, Adi Nugroho2, Hadrianti H.D Lasari3, Rudi Fakhriadi4, Dian
Rosadi4

1Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, <Banjarbaru>
2Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, Lambung Mangkurat University,
<Banjarbaru>
3Department of Biostatistics and Demoghraphy, Lambung Mangkurat University,
<Banjarbaru>
4Department of Epidemiology, Lambung Mangkurat University, <Banjarbaru>
Coresspondence Author: [email protected]

Abstract:

Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) in 2018 showed that 13.3% of hypertension sufferers did
not take medication and 32.3% did not take medication regularly. Consumption of herbal
plants can be an alternative treatment for lowering blood pressure. This study aims to
examine articles related to herbal plants that affect blood pressure using a scooping review
research design. Data sources were obtained through the Google Scholar database. There
are 66 research articles included. The results showed 21 herbal plants there are Coconut
Water, Avocado Leaves, Watermelon, Ambon Banana, Tomato, Cucumber, Sweet
Carambola, Garlic, Celery, Papaya, Chayote, Noni, Bay Leaf, Green Grass Jelly Leaves,
Binahong Leaves, Seeds. Mahogany, Ginger, Turmeric, Belimbing Wuluh, Carrots, and
Corn Hair which affect the reduction of blood pressure in hypertension sufferers in
Indonesia. Specific ingredients that can lower blood pressure in herbal plants are potassium
and flavonoids. The conclusion was obtained 21 herbal plants that affect blood pressure.

Keywords: Therapy; Non-pharmacological; Herbal; Hypertension; Prevention

NO EFFECT OF EUCHEUMA COTTONII ON
INFLAMMATION INDICATORS IN
HYPERTENSION PATIENTS

Oski Illiandri1*, Dwi Setyohadi2, Erida Wydiamala3, Musjaya M Guli4,
Ejeatuluchukwu Obi5

1Department Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lambung Mangkurat,
Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan
2Department Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lambung Mangkurat,
Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan
3Department Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lambung
Mangkurat, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan
4Department Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Tadulako,
Palu, Sulawesi
4Department Biology, Faculty of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University,
Awka, Nigeria

*Coresspondence Author: [email protected]

Abstract:

Among the causes of death for people with hypertension is the emergence of complications
such as strokes and heart attacks due to chronic inflammation in blood vessels. Hence it is
important to discover functional food that can prevent blood vessel inflammation. Seaweed
has been reported in several studies to prevent inflammation of blood vessels. In southern
Kalimantan, the most widely cultivated seaweed is the red seaweed Eucheuma cottonii. In
this study, a study was conducted on 30 hypertensive patients divided into 2 groups, the
intervention group consuming E cottoni flour 500 mg for 2 weeks and the control group.
Before and after the intervention, blood was taken and blood C-Reactive Protein was
measured as a parameter of blood vessel inflammation. Statistical calculation using the T-
test showed no significant difference between the treatment group and the control group.
This could be due to the low number of participants.

Keywords: Inflammation; Diet; Euchema cottoni; Hypertension; Blood

Kitosan Sebagai Kandidat Obat Wound Healing Dari Ikan Papuyu
(Anabas testudineus)

Erwin Rosadi1, Lia Yulia Budiarti2, Bhisma Ridho Ramadhan3, Nida Nurkhalisah3, Nur
Salsabila Apriliani Risma Putri3, Isnaini4

1 Capture Fisheries Study Program, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, University of Lambung
Mangkurat Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan, Indonesia

2 Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, university of Lambung
Mangkurat Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia

3 Student of Faculty of Medicine, University of Lambung Mangkurat Banjarbaru, South
Kalimantan, Indonesia

4Department of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lambung
Mangkurat Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan Indonesia

Corresponding : [email protected]

Abstrak

Produksi ikan secara nasional pada tahun 2020 mencapai 23,16 juta ton. Papuyu
merupakan ikan yang banyak di konsumsi di Kalimantan Selatan. Besarnya jumlah produksi
ikan ini tentu menghasilkan limbah sisik ikan yang cukup besar juga. Salah satu bahan yang
bisa di hasilkan dari sisik ikan adalah kitosan. Kitosan mempunyai aktivitas sebagai antibakteri,
antifungi, antioksidan, sitotoksik, antiinflamasi. Besarnya potensi kitosan dan banyaknya sisik
yang dihasilkan di Kalimantan, maka berpeluang untuk dikembangkan menjadi obat.
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui derajat deasetilasi dari sisik ikan papuyu. Analisis kitosan
dengan menggunakan FTIR dan menghitung derajat deasetilasi (DD). Hasil penelitian
menunjukkan bahwa papuyu menghasilkan kitosan dengan DD 14,88%.

Kata kunci : Kitosan, papuyu, Anabas testudineus

ROOM 3
13 DESEMBER 2022

BILATERAL RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA: A CASE
REPORT OF A RARE INHERITED RETINAL
DISORDER

Rosmaryati Manalu1, Yudika Iwan1, Vissia Didin Ardiyani2

1Department of Ophthalmology, Doris Sylvanus Hospital, Palangka Raya
2Health Polytechnic of Palangka Raya, Ministry of Health, Indonesia Republic
Correspondence Author: [email protected]

Abstract:

Background: Retinitis Pigmentosa is hereditary with progressive damage of the
photoreceptors of the retina. Multiple gene defects associated with autosomal recessive,
autosomal dominant, and X-linked inheritance patterns have all been clearly related to the
cause of RP. We reported a case of bilateral RP on a 30-year-old male patient.

Methods: Diagnosis of RP was determined by presented symptoms from auto anamnesis
and supported by funduscopic finding, a bone spicule shaped of clumping of disrupted
retinal pigment epithelium, and attenuated retina vessels.

Results: This case report depicts the clinical features of a female patient with bilateral
retinitis pigmentosa (RP) who presented in Doris Sylvanus Hospital, Palangka Raya at the
age of 30-year-old. On clinical findings showed uncorrected visual acuity of 2/60 (OD) and
2/20 (OS). On funduscopic examination found bone spicule-shaped pigment deposits
located in the mid-periphery retina while the macula was still preserved. Retinal vessels
were attenuated. In early childhood, the patient complained of visual loss which was also
found in his sibling. Within 28 years, the complete clinical manifestation of IRP developed
with the signs of pale optic disc, narrow arterioles, and irregular pigment aggregates was
observed in both periphery eyes.

Conclusions: In this report, we provide an overview of a clinical characteristics of an
inherited retinitis pigmentosa case. Three main symptoms which were found in this case are
early visual lost, degeneration in the retina, hereditary RP. Therefore, based on clinical
examination, the patient was diagnosed with bilateral hereditary RP.

Keywords: genetics, retinitis pigmentosa, inherited retinal pigmentosa, gene defect, visual
loss

THE IMPACT OF SMOKING, DIET, AND GENDER ON DIABETES
MELLITUS PREVALENCE IN SOUTH KALIMANTAN, A STUDY
FROM BEST-DIAB1 (BORNEO WET LAND STUDY ON DIABETES 1)

Nanang Miftah Fajari1, Felix Hariyanto Salim2

1Department/SMF of Internal Medicine Ulin Hospital-Faculty of Medicine, University of
Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
2Students of the Internal Medicine Specialist Medical Education Study Program, Faculty of
Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
Coresspondence Author: [email protected]

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing, especially in developing
countries. In South Kalimantan Province, 1.3% of the population suffers from diabetes
mellitus. Several risk factors have been shown to contribute to its occurrence, including
smoking and poor diet. Gender-related differences have also been found in previous studies.

Objective: to determine the effect of smoking, diet, and gender on the prevalence of diabetes
mellitus in South Kalimantan.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2020 to March 2022 in
community health centers throughout South Kalimantan. Subjects who met the requirements
were men and women aged ≥20 years. Interviews were conducted to obtain information on
lifestyle, social status, and medical history. Examination includes measurement of blood
pressure, anthropometric assessment, and blood glucose levels.

Results: 9952 total sample, with 5119 patients in the diabetes mellitus group and 4833 patients
in the non-diabetes mellitus group. About 51.7% of female subjects were diagnosed with
diabetes mellitus, the same as 50.5% of male subjects. Gender was not significantly correlated
with diabetes mellitus (prevalence ratio, 0.976; 95% CI, 0.930-1.024; p=0.039). Individuals in
the older age group (> 50 years) with diabetes mellitus are 1.40 times more likely than the
younger age group (≤50 years) (PR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.32-1.44; p=0.000). The proportion of
diabetes mellitus in overweight was 1.06 times greater than individuals with normal BMI and
underweight (PR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.03-1.11; p=0.000). Smoking habit is significantly related to
the incidence of diabetes mellitus (PR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.82-0.94; p=0.001 The prevalence of
diabetes mellitus in individuals with excessive salt intake and lack of fruit and vegetables is
1.10 and 1. .14 times greater and significantly related to diabetes mellitus (PR, 1.10; 95%CI,
1.04-1.16; p=0.000 and PR, 1.14; 95%CI , 1.09-1.19; p= 0.000).

Keywords: Smoking; Diet; Gender; Diabetes Mellitus; South Kalimantan

Wahyuni, dkk. The Relationship of Degree Cell Differentiation with Rasio Lymphocyte Inflammatory
Cells of Histopathological Colorectal Cancer

THE RELATIONSHIP OF DEGREE CELL DIFFERENTIATION WITH
RASIO LYMPHOCYTE INFLAMMATORY CELLS OF
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL COLORECTAL CANCER

Dina Wahyuni1, Dr. dr. Agung Ary Wibowo, Sp. B(K)-BD2, Dr. dr. Ika Kustiyah
Oktavianti 3, dr. Winardi Budiwinata Sp. B(K)-Onk4, dr. Lena Rosida, M.Kes5

1Program Studi Kedokteran Program Sarjana, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Lambung
Mangkurat.

2Digestive Department, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin
3Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat
University, Banjarmasin

Abstract: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cause of death in the world. Colorectal cancer
was ranked third in Indonesia. Colorectal cancer patients had a statistically significant difference in
lymphocyte inflammatory cell values compared to healthy controls. Colorectal cancer patients had
much higher lymphocyte inflammatory cell values than healthy controls. Lymphocyte infiltration can
provide additional prognostic information for treatment options in some situations. Histopathology is
essential factors in determining the diagnosis, treatment management, and prognosis.
Histopathological examination of the degree of differentiation can determine whether a neoplasm is
malignant. The prognosis of colorectal cancer depends on the presence or absence of metastases and
the degree of differentiation; with a histopathological examination, we can see the spread of
inflammatory cell infiltration at the degree of differentiation which can be used to determine the
prognosis of colorectal cancer. The normality test results of the p-value of inflammatory lymphocyte
cells were <0.001. Correlation data analysis using the rank-spearman test showed p>0.05 in colorectal
cancer patients at Ulin Hospital Banjarmasin.
Keywords: colorectal cancer, degree of differentiation, lymphocyte cells, prognostic

THE CORRELATION OF GOBLET CELL COUNT
WITH INFLAMMATORY LYMPHOCYTE CELL
COUNT ON HISTOPATHOLOGICAL OVERVIEW
OF COLORECTAL CANCER AT RSUD ULIN
BANJARMASIN 2021-2022

Widya Noor Haliza1, Agung Ary Wibowo2, Ika Kustiyah Oktaviyanti3

1Department of Digestive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lambung Mangkurat,
Banjarmasin, Indonesia
2Department of Pathology Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University,
Banjarmasin, Indonesia
Coresspondence Author: [email protected]

Abstract:

Colorectal cancer is a disease originating from polyps which are the result of the mutated
epithelial cells lining the colon and rectum so that they grow into polyps which are
neoplastic precursor lesions. These mutations cause hyperproliferation, mucin depletion,
and goblet cell disintegration so that intestinal homeostasis is disturbed and the
inflammatory process continues. This study aims to analyze the correlation of the counting
of goblet cells with the counting of lymphocyte inflammatory cells in colorectal
histopathology preparations at Ulin Hospital Banjarmasin in 2021-2022. This research is
an analytical observational study with a cross sectional approach, using a sample of 35
histopathological preparations (preparations/slides) and taken by total sampling technique.
Spearman's Rank test has shown a correlation between the number of goblet cells and the
number of lymphocyte inflammatory cells with a p value of 0.002. Based on the results of
this study, it can be concluded that there is a correlation between the counting of goblet
cells and the counting of inflammatory lymphocyte cells in the histopathological
description of colorectal cancer at Ulin Hospital Banjarmasin in 2021-2022.

Keywords: Colorectal cancer; Goblet cell count; Histopathological overview;
Inflammatory lymphocyte cell count, Intestinal barrier

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE DEGREE
OF DYSPLASIA AND THE NUMBER OF
GOBLET CELLS IN HISTOPATHOLOGICAL
IMAGE OF COLLITIS AT ULIN GENERAL
HOSPITAL, BANJARMASIN IN 2020-2022

Kanessha Winola Sunata1, Agung Ary Wibowo2, Ika Kustiyah Oktaviyanti3,
Winardi Budiwinata2, Lena rosida4

1 Medical Education Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lambung Mangkurat,
Banjarmasin, Indonesia
2 Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas of Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarmasin,
Indonesia
3 Pathology of Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin,
Indonesia
4 Department of Biomedical of Medical Education Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of
Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarmasin, Indonesia

Coresspondence Author: [email protected]

Abstract:

Colitisis a condition in which the lining of the colon is inflamed, either acutely or
chronically. Over the last 2 decades, the incidence of IBD has increased significantly in
Asia. In addition, colitis can also develop into a malignancy. This can be seen by
monitoring an increase in the degree of dysplasia and a decrease in the number of goblet
cells as the disease progresses. The purpose of this study was to analyse the characteristics
and the relationship between the degree of dysplasia and the number of goblet cells in
colitis in Banjarmasin Hospital in 2020-2022. This study uses an analytic observational
research design with a cross sectional approach, using a sample of 39 histopathological
preparations (preparations/slides) of colitis patients taken by total sampling technique.
The results of this study were analyzed using the Rank Spearman test and it was found that
there was a relationship between an increase in the degree of dysplasia and a decrease in
the number of goblet cells. The higher the degree of dysplasia, the lower the average
number of goblet cells in colitis.

Keywords: colitis, dysplasia, goblet cells, histopathology, inflamation

The Compound of Purple Nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) Tuber from Province of
Lampung is potential as Anticancer Agent on the T47D Breast Cancer Cell

Susianti1, Maya Ganda Ratna1, Syaiful Bahri2, Rumbiwati3
1Medical Faculty, Lampung university, 2Mathematic and Natural Sciences Faculty, Lampung University, 3Medical

Faculty, Gadjah Mada University

Abstract

Cancer is a death threat in the world. Based on the WHO report in 2018, 9.6 million
people worldwide died from cancer. In Indonesia, based on the Riskerdas 2018, the prevalence
of cancer increased from 1.4% in 2013 to 1.8% in 2018. Cervical and breast cancer were
cancers with the highest prevalence in Indonesia in 2013, namely cervical cancer of 0.8 ‰
and breast cancer by 0.5‰.

According to estimates by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the
global cancer burden will increase to 19.3 million new cases and 10.0 million deaths by 2020.
Worldwide, one in 5 people will develop cancer during their lifetime, and one in every 8 men
and one in 11 women die from the disease. Among the most striking developments revealed
by the new IARC estimates is that women's breast cancer has become the most frequently
diagnosed cancer in the world, with 2.3 million cases diagnosed in 2020, exceeding the
number of new cases of lung cancer for the first time. Breast cancer now accounts for 11.7%
of all new cancer cases in both sexes. Breast cancer is the second cause of death in women
after cervical cancer. In 2016 cases of breast cancer occurred in 40 per 100,000 women in
Indonesia3. The high incidence of cancer is due to increasing factors

Several studies have been conducted to explore natural ingredients with the aim of
finding new anticancer agents with higher efficacy, minimal side effects, and are more
economical because they can be found easily. One of the potential medicinal plant natural
ingredients to be developed as an anticancer is purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.). This
plant is quite interesting to develop because it is cheap and easy to get. Through several
studies, purple nutsedge is known to have a cytotoxic effect on cancer cells so that it has the
potential to be developed as an anticancer agent.

Keywords: Anticancer, Breast cancer, Cytotoxic, Purple nutsedge, Cyperus rotundus L

ROOM 4
13 DESEMBER 2022

CHARACTERISTICS OF HEMORRHOID’S
PATIENTS AT THE INPATIENT ROOM OF ULIN
HOSPITAL IN BANJARMASIN IN 2019-2021

Widya Shoffa Rosyida1, Ika Kustiyah Oktaviyanti2, Lena Rosida3

1Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin
2Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University/Ulin
Hospital, Banjarmasin
3Division of Histology, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat
University, Banjarmasin
Coresspondence Author: [email protected]

Abstract:

Hemorrhoids are dilation of the hemorrhoidal venous plexus by hypertrophy and
perivascular infiltration. Prevalence of hemorrhoids still limited because patients don’t seek
medical help before the symptoms are getting worse and increasing the grades. Thrombosis
in hemorrhoids will aggravate the pain felt by the patient which requires surgical therapy.
This study aims to determine the characteristics of hemorrhoidal patients in the inpatient
room of Ulin Hospital Banjarmasin in 2019-2021 in terms of the degree of internal
hemorrhoids, clinical symptoms, histopathological features of thrombosis, type of surgery,
and length of treatment. Research's method is descriptive observational through secondary
data from medical records and histopathology’s preparates. Sampling using total sampling
with 46 data’s patients. The results showed the most common degree of internal
hemorrhoids was grade III by 47.5%. The most common clinical symptom was bloody
stools by 72%. Histopathological features of thrombosis were found in 57% patients. While
the most types of surgery are stapled hemorroidopexy by 58.3%. Then, the length of
treatment, 52% patients received average ≤ 3 days of treatment.

Keywords: Clinical symptomps; Degree Of internal hemorrhoid; Histopathology of
thrombosis hemorrhoid; Length of hospitalized; Surgical technique

DESCRIPTION OF ACUTE AND CHRONIC
INFLAMMATORY CELLS IN INTERNAL
HEMORRHOIDS

Siti Atthahirah Al Hasani1, Ika Kustiyah Oktaviyanti2, Lena Rosida3

1Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin
2Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University/Ulin
Hospital, Banjarmasin
3Division of Histology, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat
University, Banjarmasin
Coresspondence Author: [email protected]

Abstract:

Hemorrhoids are abnormal protrusions of the anus pads. Based on histopathological
characteristics, hemorrhoids are divided into internal, external and mixed hemorrhoids.
Hemorrhoids can become inflammation, especially internal hemorrhoids when they
experience supporting tissue degeneration due to several risk factors which are divided
into acute and chronic inflammation which can be measured based on the severity of
clinical symptoms which were then developed into the Goligher classification. The
purpose of this study was to describe acute inflammatory cells and chronic inflammatory
cells in internal hemorrhoids based on the histopathological description of hemorrhoidal
patients at the Anatomical Pathology Laboratory of Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin,
2017-2021. This study used a descriptive observational method with a cross sectional
approach through secondary data collection, using a total sampling technique. Based on
the data, it can be concluded that of the 24 samples that met the criteria, 20 samples
(83.33%) showed an appearance of acute inflammatory cells and 4 other samples
(16.67%) did not show any acute inflammatory cells. In addition, chronic inflammatory
cells were found in all samples, and there were 20 samples (83.33%) that found acute
inflammatory cells and chronic inflammatory cells in one preparation. Then the
researchers categorized chronic inflammation by showing the highest degree of chronic
inflammatory cells, namely moderate degrees of 14 samples (58.33%), 7 samples
(29.17%) showing severe chronic inflammatory cells, and 3 samples (12.5%) showed mild
chronic inflammatory cells.

Keywords: Hemorrhoids, Internal hemorrhoids, Picture of inflammatory cells,
Neutrophils, Lymphocytes

THE CORRELATION OF AGE AND GENDER
WITH THE SEVERITY OF INTERNAL
HEMORRHOID’S GRADES AT THE ULIN
HOSPITAL BANJARMASIN IN 2019-2021

Nazwa Salsabila Hadni1, Ika Kustiyah Oktaviyanti2, Lena Rosida3

1Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin
2Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University/Ulin
Hospital, Banjarmasin
3Division of Histology, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat
University, Banjarmasin
Coresspondence Author: [email protected]

Abstract:

Hemorrhoid is abnormal condition of the anal cushion which are divided into internal,
external, and mixed based on its relative position. Internal hemorrhoid is divided into four
grades of severity, I-IV grades. Hemorrhoid is considered a cause of morbidity which is
influenced by various risk factors, like age and gender. This study aims to analyze the
relation between age and gender with the severity of internal hemorrhoid's grades at The
RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin in 2019-2021. This study used a cross sectional approach with
purposive sampling method and obtained 45 samples that met the inclusion criteria, having
data of age, gender, and the internal hemorrhoid's grades, then they were analyzed by the
Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistical test. Based on the results, 58% of patients with internal
hemorrhoids were aged <45 years, 67% were male, and the highest grade was grade III
which was 58%. Data analysis showed that the age < 45 years was mostly in the third grade,
14 patients (54%), while ≥ 45 years in the third grade was 12 patients (63%). The highest
number of male patients is in the third grade which is 18 patients (60%), while the female
in the third grade is 8 patients (54%). The results of the analysis between the variables
showed value of p = 0.000. The conclusion of this study is that there's a significant
relationship between age and gender with the severity of internal hemorrhoid's grades in
internal hemorrhoidal patients at The RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin in 2019-2021.

Keywords: Age; Gender; Internal hemorrhoid; Internal hemorrhoid’s grades

CORRELATION BETWEEN FUNCTIONAL
MOBILITY AND BONE MINERAL DENSITY
VALUES IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH
OSTEOPOROSIS AT THE GERIATRIC
POLYCLINIC ULIN GENERAL HOSPITAL
BANJARMASIN

Elsa Oliviana1, Wiwit Agung Sri Nur Cahyawati2, Roselina Panghiyangani3,4

1Student of Medical Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University
<Indonesia>
2Department of Internal Medicine-Geriatric, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University
<Indonesia>
3Doctoral Program Medical Sciences Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat
University <Indonesia>
4Department of Biomedic, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University,<Indonesia>
Coresspondence Author: [email protected]

Abstract:

Functional mobility describes the ability to move independently in completing daily
activities. Aging causes a decrease in bone mass which results in osteoporosis thereby
increasing the risk of falls and fractures. The result can lead to reduced mobility.and.physical
function. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between functional
mobility and BMD values of elderly patients with osteoporosis at the Geriatric Polyclinic at
Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin. This research is an analytic observational study with a
cross-sectional method using a purposive sampling technique to take samples and a total of
78 samples were obtained that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The mean functional
mobility was 17.378 ± 5.316 and the average BMD was lumbar spine (-2.883 ± 1.180),
femur (-2.002 ± 0.912) and forearm (-3.374 ± 1.064). The results of data analysis using the
Pearson correlation test between functional mobility and BMD of the lumbar spine (p =
0.627), BMD of the femur (p = 0.000 and r = -0.399), and BMD of the forearm (p = 0.219).
This shows that there is a relationship between functional mobility and femur BMD values
in elderly patients with osteoporosis, but there is no relationship between functional mobility
and BMD values of the lumbar spine and forearm.

Keywords: Bone Mineral Density; elderly; functional mobility; osteoporosis; Time Up and
Go

CORRELATION BETWEEN FRAILTY AND BONE
MINERAL DENSITY VALUE IN ELDERLY
PATIENT WITH OSTEOPOROSIS AT RSUD
ULIN BANJARMASIN

Fitriah Nur Azizah Imran1, Wiwit Agung Sri Nur Cahyawati2, Roselina
Panghiyangani3,4

1Student of Medical Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University
<Indonesia>
2Department of Internal Medicine-Geriatri, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat
University,<Indonesia>
3Doctoral Program Medical Science Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat
University,<Indonesia >
4Department of Biomedic, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University,<Indonesia >
Coresspondence Author: [email protected]

Abstract:

Elderly often experienced various health problems such as frailty and osteoporosis.
Osteoporosis is a progressive bone disease characterized by a decreased in bone mineral
density (BMD) which can cause fractures. Frailty is characterized by a susceptibility to falls,
fractures, and death. Frailty is associated with low BMD. The purpose of this study was to
analyze the relationship between frailty and BMD values in the elderly with osteoporosis at
RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. This research is an analytic observational with cross-sectional
method. A sample of 78 elderly with osteoporosis were obtained using purposive sampling
according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The average value of frailty is 8,128 ± 2,008
and the average value of BMD femur is -2,032 ± 0,923, lumbar is -2,903 ± 1,162, and
forearm is -3,391 ± 1,054. Correlation test results between frailty and BMD femur obtained
p = 0.001 and r = -0.377, frailty and BMD lumbar p = 0.818 and r = -0.026 and frailty with
BMD forearm p = 0.100 and r = -0.188. The conclusion of this study is that there is a
significant relationship between frailty and the BMD value of the femur in the elderly with
osteoporosis at RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin, but not in the lumbar and forearm.

Keywords: elderly, frailty, bone mineral density, osteoporosis

Heavy Metals and Hematologic Disease
on Wetlands : a Literature Review

Muhammad Darwin Prenggono1, Imelda Nita Saputri2
1Hematology and Oncology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,

Lambung Mangkurat University, Ulin General Hospital Banjarmasin
2Department of internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University,

Ulin General Hospital Banjarmasin
Coresspondence Author: [email protected]

Abstract
Background: Heavy metals are metal elements with relatively high density compared to water. One area
prone to heavy metal pollution is the wetland environment. In South Kalimantan, a wetland area, pollution
is mainly caused by mining and palm plantation activities. The presence of heavy metals in the sediments
of Martapura River, have passed the sediment pollution threshold, include Mn, Fe and Hg.
Literature Review : Heavy metals can cause oxidative stress by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS),
are associated with increased systemic inflammation, can lead to impaired immune function and
accumulation of immune complexes. Mechanisms including direct toxicity to marrow precursors, inhibition
of enzymatic processes essential for cell division and maturation, impairment of erythrocyte membrane
transport, and immune-mediated cell destruction. However, research results are still contradictory.
Conclusion: Presence of heavy metals still poses health risks in wetlands. The effect of heavy metal on
health, especially hematological diseases, requires further research.

Keywords: Environmental Pollution; Heavy Metals; Hematological Disease; Oxidative Stress; Wetland

ROOM 1
14 DESEMBER 2022

THE EFFECT OF RICE MILLING DUST CHRONIC EXPOSURE ON
RICE MILLING WORKERS IN WETLAND SOUTH KALIMANTAN

Dewita Rahmantisa1, Elok Hikmatun Nikmah1, Ira Nurrasyidah2, Erna
Kusumawardhani2, Isa Ansori2

1. Resident of Pulmonology and Respiratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lambung Mangkurat,
Banjarmasin

2. Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lambung Mangkurat,
Banjarmasin

Abstract

The extensive wetlands area in South Kalimantan can potentially develop the agricultural
sector enormously. In line with this, the demand for rice mills is also increasing. The rapid
growth of rice mills, besides having a positive impact, also has several negative impacts
related to health, one of which is dust particles. This research will examine the risk of
exposure to occupational asthma and COPD for rice mill workers. For this purpose, the Peak
Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) was measured on 30 rice mill workers (participants) who met
the inclusion criteria. PEFR measurements were taken three times, and the best result was
selected from the three values. In addition, before the examination, a measurement regarding
the weight and height of the participants was carried out. Furthermore, the participants also
filled out the questionnaire using PUMA and OASQ-11 forms. The research results show that
the rice mill workers (4.38±3.07) have a lower PEFR value measurement result than the
control sample (5.65±3.12) with p-value <0.0001. This study also shows that prolonged
exposure to rice mill dust is associated with decreased PEFR values (p<0.05). As a
recommendation, rice mill workers must take preventive measures by using appropriate
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and having regular screening to prevent decreased lung
function. Moreover, examining environmental factors such as temperature and humidity
needs to be carried out further in working lung problems arising from the rice milling
process.

Keywords: Wetlands, Rice Mill Workers, Dust, PEFR, Occupational Asthma, COPD

Effect Of Coal Dust Exposure to Coal Mining Workers On The Value Of
Peak Expiratory Flow

Widya Ramadhaniati1, Syarifah Fatimah1, Muhamad Taufiqurrahman1, Isa Anshori1

1. Resident of Pulmonology and Respiratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lambung Mangkurat,
Banjarmasin

2. Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lambung Mangkurat,
Banjarmasin

ABSTRACT: Background : Occupational lung disease is a pulmonary disease that occurs due to inhalation of
harmful particles, fog, vapors or gases while a person is at work. In Indonesia, occupational lung diseases caused
by dust are estimated to be quite numerous, although existing data is still lacking. Dust inhaled by labor can cause
abnormalities in lung function or capacity. However, the effect of coal dust exposure on coal mining company
workers on the value of the peak expiratory flow (PEF) is not yet known. Objective : Studying the effect of coal
dust exposure on coal mining company workers on the value of peak expiratory flow. Methods : Observational
analytical research is carried out cross-sectionally. Data was collected from the results of the examination of the
peak flow of respiration of PT. Arutmin Site Satui in September – October 2022. Test using chi-square method and
independent t-test. Results : Of the 16 subjects, there were 14 subjects with green PEF results and 2 subjects
with yellow PEF results. Mean age 32.38±8.188, BMI 23.8337±3.75252, peak flow meter result
527.5000±91.97826. A total of 14 subjects smoked, 6 had comorbid dyslipidemia, 6 had pulmonary hyperinflation,
7 subjects had signs of emphysema, 3 subjects had flattening of the lungs, 6 had intercostalis dilation, and 6
subjects had narrowed heart silhouettes. Analysis of the relationship between APE and age p=0.166, BMI p=0.917,
smoking p=0.568, comorbid p=0.051, lung size p=0.696, emphysema sign p=0.849, flattening p=0.468, intercostal
dilation p=0.696, narrowing of the heart silhouette p=0.696. Conclusion : There is no relationship between coal
dust exposure to peak expiratory flow.

Keywords: Peak expiratory flow; Peak flow meter; Emphysema; Occupational lung disease

EFFECT OF MOTOR VEHICLE EXHAUST ON LUNG HEALTH

Elok Hikmatun N1, Isa Ansori2, Ira Nurrasyidah2

1.Resident of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat Univesity,

Banjarmasin
2. Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat Univesity,
Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin

Abstract:
Road traffic is the most important source of some pollutants, such as those from motorized
vehicles. Exhaust emissions are emitted from vehicles during their operation, fueling,
manufacturing and disposal. These emissions mainly consist of two types, gasoline (gasoline)
and diesel (diesel) emissions including carbon monoxide, nitrogen and sulfur oxides,
hydrocarbons, particulate matter (PM), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), and other
organic compounds originating from combustion. . The mechanism of damage to respiratory
cells by vehicle exhaust gases is through oxidative stress, resulting from an imbalance between
the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The exhaust emissions of these vehicles
cause damage to human microvascular endothelial cells and increase ROS levels in cells. Direct
injury, which increases the risk of alveolar damage, as well as lung inflammation by alveolar
macrophages. These PMs are recruited to areas of injury and express a variety of cytokines and
chemotaxins, in turn recruiting macrophages and other immune cells. Several cytokines such
as IL-1 and TNF-α. Lung Disease due to the Impact of Motor Vehicle Exhaust Gas can be
divided into acute diseases, non-carcinogenic chronic diseases and carcinogenic chronic
diseases. Exposure causes acute irritation, and respiratory, and asthma-like symptoms. Chronic
exposure can trigger asthma and bronchitis exacerbations. Chronic exposure to carcinogens is
suspected of causing lung cancer. Prevention consists of control at source preventing or
controlling transmission of a pollutant to individuals, and protecting workers.
Keywords: exhaust emissions, respiratory cell damage, acute disease, non-carcinogenic
chronic disease, carcinogenic chronic disease.

Renewable Waste Water with Filtration and
Phytoremediation System by Using Water

Hyacinth and Zeolith

Wulan Pratiwi*, Eko Suhartono, Erida Wydiamala, Meitria Syahadatina Noor, and Isna Syauqiah

Abstract—Laboratory is a unit that can produce waste water in large quantities. This can have
a negative impact on the surrounding environment. To prevent this, liquid waste must be
managed before disposal. Phytoremediation and or combination with filtration system is most
preferable technique to improve the quality of wastewater. According to this point of view,
this present study aims to analyze the effectivity of water hyacinth or zeolite as a
phytoremediation system in combination with filtration system to improve the quality of
laboratory waste water. The study was divided into 6 treatment groups; only filtration media;
waste water only; combination of filtration media and zeolite, combination of filtration media
and water hyacinth; combination of filtration media, 700 gr of zeolite, and 300 gr of water
hyacinth; and a combination of filtration media, 300 grams of zeolite, and 700 grams of water
hyacinth. The parameters tested in this study were BOD, COD, TSS, TDS, and turbidity
some measurement times. The results showed that the combination of filtration and
phytoremediation was able to improve the quality of waste water. The best treatment for all
parameters was combination filtration with zeolite only. It seems an interaction between
water hyacinth and zeolite which is reduce the effectiveness to improve all parameters.
Index Terms—Phytoremediation, Water Hyacinth, Waste Water, Zeolite

HEAVY METAL CONTENT IN LOCAL BANJAR RICE

Nanang Miftah Fajari1, Nida Amalia2

1Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University/Ulin
Hospital, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
2Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University/Ulin
Hospital, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
Coresspondence Author: [email protected]

Abstract:

Background: The presence of sea water intrusion and watershed pollution due to mining and
plantation processes in tidal type paddy fields in the Kalimantan region will affect the heavy metal
content in the local Banjar rice.

Objective: To determine exposure to heavy metals in various Banjar local rice.

Methods: The content of heavy metals in 9 types of Banjar local rice was examined using the
Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) test method at the Center for Industry Research and
Standardization.

Result: Contamination content of heavy metal cadmium, mercury, lead, zinc, selenium in Banjar
local rice does not exceed the maximum standard limit for contamination in foodstuffs according
to SNI. However, the iron content in Siam Gambut rice exceeds the upper limit of the value that
can still be tolerated by the body.

Conclusion: There is no heavy metal content in local Banjar rice which can be potentially harmful
to the body when consumed.

Keywords: Local rice; Heavy metal; Intrusion, Tidal rice fields; Iron.

ROOM 2
14 DESEMBER 2022

Relations between the ages of analysis , length of employment , working posture
the msds ) ( musculoskeletal disorders caused by work with labor productivity of
state civil apparatus ( ) thr provincial health department Central Kalimantan

ABSTRACT

Introduction of : state civil apparatus formal working group is working with the
risk of low to moderate .Activity work in a sitting position for an average of 6
hours a day and has the potential to cause the exhaustion to reduce labor
productivity .Body exercise habits , stretching every 2 hours of work and
employment support workers during work in posture work ergonomic will reduce
fatigue .
The purpose of : this research is to analyze the relationship between the age,
length of employment, the posture of work and a complaint of musculoskeletal
disorders caused by work with productivity.
A method of: this research used design cross sectional is observational and
analytic carried on as. This study were 88 respondents taken with proportional
random sampling data analysis using chi square test and logistics multiple
regression
The results of the chi square: analysis test with variable age p-value = 0,101 ) (
p, the length of employment ( 0,015 ) = p, variable working posture ( p = 0,466 )
musculoskeletal disorders and variable complaints = 0,005 ) ( p .The analysis of
the logistic regression multiple got the result of value or and exp ( b ) variable age
= 0,210 ( p , exp ) = 0,782 ) ( b , p = 0,044 ( tenure , exp ) = 2,642 ) ( b , the
musculoskeletal disorders = 0,005 ( p , exp ) = 3,360 ) ( b .
Conclusion : variable working time and complaints musculoskeletal disorders
caused by work significant links to the labor productivity in Central Kalimantan
provincial health department. The most complaints related musculoskeletal
disorders is variable.

Keywords: age , length of employment , working posture , complaints
musculoskeletal disorders , labor productivity .

1

ANALYSIS OF MANGANESE (MN) CONTENT IN DRILLED WELLS IN FLOOD PRONE
AREA IN ASTAMBUL DISTRICT, SELATAN KALIMANTAN

Anugrah Nur Rahmat1, Husaini2, Erida Wydiamala3, Eko Suhartono4,
Adi Nugroho5

1 Department of Environmental Health, Public Health Study Program Faculty of Medicine,
University of Lambung Mangkurat Banjarbaru

1,4 Department of Environmental Health, Masters Program in Public Health, University of
Lambung Mangkurat Banjarbaru

3 Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat
5 Department of Health Promotion, Public Health Study Program, Faculty of
Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru
Author Correspondence: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Manganese (Mn) is a metal needed in the body but in small amounts. Excess of this metal in
the body can cause health effects such as heart attacks, blood vessel disorders and even
liver cancer. Drinking water must not be polluted by the heavy metal Manganese (Mn)
exceeding the standards set by the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of
Indonesia Number 32 of 2017, namely 0.5 mg/L. The presence of Mn in water will cause
stains on laundry, and cause color, metallic taste and odor in drinking water. This type of
research was carried out quantitative descriptive and the purpose of this study was to
determine manganese levels in dug well water in Astambul district, South Kalimantan. The
initial stage of the research was to collect primary and secondary data. Determination of the
number of location points refers to purposive sampling of 15 points. Results for 15 samples
of well water used by the community in the Astambul sub-district from the results of testing
water samples to see the manganese or Mn content in the water found an average of 18.87
mg/l. Very far beyond the maximum threshold set for water used for sanitary hygiene by the
community. Of the 15 samples of well water tested, none of the points contained Mn
according to the standard. Water containing excess Manganese (Mn) causes taste, color
(brown/purple/black), and turbidity. Relative manganese toxicity has been shown at low
concentrations. The Mn content allowed in waters for sanitary hygiene is a maximum of 0.05
mg/l based on the RI Minister of Health No. 32 of 2017. Water originating from acid mine
sources can contain dissolved Mn at a concentration of ±1 mg/l. At a rather high pH and
aerobic conditions, insoluble Mn such as MnO2, Mn3O4 or MnCO3 is formed, although the
oxidation of Mn2+ is relatively slow. Based on the results of this study, the public is advised
to use a well water filter so as not to cause problems regarding the quality of the water used.

Keywords: Dug well water, Manganese (Mn), Polluted, Heavy Metal, Mine

COMBINATION OF Citrus hystrix DC LEAVES
AND FRUIT PEEL EXTRACT AS AN ANTISEPTIC

ALTERNATIVE IN VITRO

Lia Yulia Budiarti1, Husnul Khatimah2, Erida Wydiamala1,3, Ghina
Salsabila4, Nurwafa’4

1Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat
University Banjarmasin (Indonesia)

2Department of Biomedical, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University
Banjarmasin (Indonesia) 2Department Research Center Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung

Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
4Students of Medical Education Study Program, Faculty of Medicine Lambung Mangkurat

University Banjarmasin (Indonesia)

Abstract:

Citrus hystrix DC (C.hystrix) Citrus hystrix DC (C.hystrix) contains several antimicrobial compounds
that have potential as antiseptic candidates. This study reports the effectiveness of C.hystrix leaf
and fruit peel (LPE) combination extract against several microbial isolates in vitro through a phenol
coefficient test (KF). KF test on C.hystrix LPE suspension, 70% alcohol control, 5% phenol with test
microbe, in 1:20 dilution; 1:30; 1:40; 1:50; 1:60; 1:70; 1:80; 1:90; 1:100; 1:110; 1:150; 1:200; 1:250
which was observed at 5, 10, and 15 minutes and the KF value was calculated. The effective KF
value is 5%=1 phenol equivalent. The results showed that the KF value of the control and LPE
C.hystrix treatments for Staphylococcus aureus = 1.25; Escherichia coli=1.00; Pseudomonas
aeruginosa=1.00; and Candida albicans= 1.00. In conclusion, the combination of leaf extract and

PHENOL COEFFICIENT TEST OFC.hystrix fruit peel has effectiveness as an antimicrobial which has the potential to be used as an

alternative antiseptic.

Keywords: Citrus hystrix, Combined Extract, In Vitro, Phenol Coefficient Test



IKTERIK IN CASES OF MALARIA DEATH IN CHILDREN,

dr. ajra fitri
Departement of Pasca Sarjana Program, Faculty of public health, University of Nusa Cendana
Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara

ABSTRAK
Malaria is still a serious problem in Indonesia because it often causes death if it is not managed
properly. Malaria can be suspected based on the symptoms and physical signs found at the time
of examination. Diagnosis of malaria can be made based on anamnesis, physical examination,
and laboratory tests. Definitive diagnosis is made by microscopic laboratory examination or
Rapid Diagnosis Test (RDT). A child aged 8 years with a diagnosis of DOC espalopatihepaticum
DD cerebral malaria + hyperbilirubinemia + suspected MOF which caused death after being
intensively treated in the ICU. The emergence of symptoms of fever accompanied by nausea,
vomiting, yellow urine like tea, and yellow eyes, due to delays in handling the diagnosis of
malaria. Because the symptoms in cases of severe malaria are almost the same as the diagnoses
of other diseases such as jaundice, hepatic ensevalopathy, the treatment given is inappropriate.
Symptoms of severe malaria indicate a high infection rate in malaria, the more erythrocytes are
destroyed which will then increase the level of bilirubin in the urine of malaria patients.
Keywords: cerebral malaria, malaria cases, icteric malaria, malaria diagnosis, malaria
management

IKTERIK PADA KASUS KEMATIAN MALARIA PADA ANAK
dr. Ajra Fitri
Departemen Program Pasca Sarjana, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Nusa Cendana,
Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur.

ABSTRAK
Permasalahan malaria masih menjadi salah satu masalah yang serius di Indonesia karena sering
menimbulkan kematian apabila tidak ditatalaksana secara benar. Malaria dapat dicurigai
berdasarkan gejala-gejala dan tanda-tanda fisik yang ditemukan pada saat pemeriksaan.
Diagnosis malaria dapat dilakukan berdasarkan anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, dan pemeriksaan

DESCRIPTION OF DIARRHEA DETERMINANT FACTORS
IN MAINLAND AREA AND RIVER BANK
IN BANJAR DISTRICT

Rudi Fakhriadi1, Noor Ahda Fadillah1, Lisda Hayatie2

1 Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lambung Mangkurat
2 Department of Micropar, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lambung Mangkurat
Correspondence Address : [email protected]

Abstract
Diarrheal disease is a disease characterized by changes in the form and consistency of stools
that soften until they are liquefied and an increase in the frequency of passing more than three
times a day. Until now, diarrheal disease is still a world health problem, especially in
developing countries. The magnitude of the problem can be seen from the high morbidity and
mortality due to diarrhea. WHO estimates that 1.7 billion cases of diarrhea in children occur
in the world, in 2019 as many as 525,000 children under five died from diarrhea. Banjar
Regency is an area that has many rivers passing through, especially the Martapura River and
Barito River. In addition, according to the 2018 Riskesdas data, Banjar Regency is the district
with the highest prevalence of diarrhea, with the prevalence of diarrhea in Banjar Regency
exceeding 25.35%. This study aims to describe the determinants of diarrhea in children in the
mainland and river areas of Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan. This study used an analytic
observational design with a descriptive approach method. The results showed that in the
troubled mainland areas there were factors of low parental education (61.16%), low income
(58.25%), poor hand washing behavior (41.74%) and waste management that did not meet the
requirements (90.29%). Whereas in the riverbanks the dominant diarrhea determinant factors
were low income (52.43%), incomplete immunization (51.45%), latrines that did not meet the
requirements (44.66%) and waste management that did not meet the requirements (84, 46%).

Keywords: diarrhea, land, riverbanks, waste management, latrines