Black Voices, Volume 11

Vol . 2 | November 2021 V OIC E S INSIDE THIS ISSUE Black Church & Social Justice Black Aviation +MORE Vol. 11 | MAY 2024 THE Maternal Health ISSUE

Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 33 Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 3 Table of Contents 6 Black Moms Matter 15 SDARJ Continues Driving Community Efforts 10 17 Erica M. Allen: Working to Even the Birthing Field in Delaware Kayode Abegunde: Candidate for Insurance Commissioner 19 Eugene Young and Donyale Hall Set Their Political Sights on Congress 14 20 24 25 John Dickinson Plantation Lisa Blunt-Rochester High Blood Pressure: Silent Killer or Manageable Health Condition? Juneteenth and Delaware’s Racist History We are excited to be partnering with United Way of Delaware and Delaware Racial Justice Collaborative, and we thank them for their generous contribution to Black Voices. Are you liking Black Voices? Do you want to hear more? Please help us continue with and grow this publication dedicated to publishing news and viewpoints of Black citizens. Here is how you can help: Donate: Black Voices is currently offered to its readers without a paid subscription. However, we would deeply appreciate donations. If you wish to donate to Black Voices, please go sdarj.org website, find the donation button and click to donate. Advertise: Black Voices has a circulation of 17,100 that is inserted into the Cape Gazette and other publications in Western Sussex County, a growing list of other hard copy readers to whom we mail directly, and a large digital audience across the state and out of state. Our rates are competitive, only $300 for a full page. For more information about advertising contact us at: advertiseblackvoices.sdarj.org 12 Chantalle Ashford: Founding Principal and Academic Head

4 Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 From the Editor It’s been a little over a year now since we lost our beautiful angel Ra’Shea, a young Black woman, who took her own life after succumbing to what was undoubtedly the devastating impact of long-term postpartum depression. She was only 26 and living 2,600 miles away from her supportive family, in a city known for its especially high Black maternal death rate. “Shea” as we called her, was a dear, sweet soul and eclectic free spirit, who was an accomplished student and a dedicated Christian. She loved reading poetry and the Bible; watching scary movies; and spending time with her family. But most of all, she loved and cherished her little son, Zayne, who was barely a year old when his mother died. I came to know her mom, Danyelle, nearly 30 years ago when she signed on to an AmeriCorps Youth Community Service program I developed in conjunction with Baltimore City Schools. We quickly bonded over our shared love of hip-hop music, and as a result, she often sought my advice on life, love and the future. Danyelle officially joined our family circle when my husband Ric and I took her home to live with us, after rescuing her from a virtually uninhabitable apartment in a rather sketchy Baltimore neighborhood. She stayed on for the next couple of years until giving birth to the first of three daughters. But we all kept in touch as we watched the girls grow into lovely young women. Needless to say, the news of Shea’s tragic death shook us all to the core; and as with any inexplicable event in my life, I dug deeply into the latest research only to find what was indeed a horrifying trend. Put simply, when left untreated (which is most often the case), postpartum depression can last for months and even years – and Black women more frequently lose their lives struggling in silence rather than risk having their families ripped apart by child welfare services. I have come to believe that Ra’Shea suffered the same fate – which is why I am an ardent advocate for Black maternal health. So as Mother’s Day approaches, what better time to educate our readers around the appalling racial healthcare disparities that Black women like her experience both pre- and postpartum, regardless of where they give birth. To compliment this issue’s feature article – “Black Moms Matter” – Nancy Sakaduski has provided a wonderful interview with Erica Allen (founder of Do Care Doula Foundation), our Champion for Maternal Health Equality. You may also read the second part of our series on Black Candidates Making History in Delaware, which includes interviews with another four powerful candidates – Lisa Blunt Rochester, Kayode Abegunde, Eugene Young, and Donyale Hall – written by Gloria Ho and Charlotte King. Likewise, this issue includes updates on two SDARJ projects and partnerships – John Dickinson Plantation and the Nassau School – from Gloria Henry and Gwendolyn Miller – along with a great article by Jessica Clark featuring Mover and Shaker Chantalle Ashford, the founding principal of the Bryan Allen Stevenson School of Excellence in Georgetown. As all of you moms out there look forward to a bright and happy Mother’s Day, I hope you will take a few moments to remember Ra’Shea and all the many other Black women for whom this issue is dedicated – who have needlessly lost their lives in the course of becoming moms themselves. And above all, find time to put a call in to your elected representatives urging them to ensure that critical maternal health policies aimed at equitable and affordable treatment are signed into law. Because just as a rising tide lifts all boats, we rise by lifting others with kindness, fairness and respect. KATHY HARVATT Editor-in-Chief, Lewes, DE

Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 5 55 People to Know, Things to See Editorial Board Charlotte King, Founder and Chair of SDARJ Kathleen Harvatt, Editor-in-Chief Susan Goekler, contributor Jessica Clark, contributor Gloria Ho, contributor Rev. Dania Griffin, contributor Joseph Lawson, contributor Black Voices is a quarterly (February, May, August, November) publication of the Southern Delaware Alliance for Racial Justice. Black Voices articles may be copied for personal use, but proper notice of copyright and credit to Black Voices must appear on all copies made. The views expressed do not necessarily represent positions of SDARJ. The Editorial Staff is committed to producing a publication that is a truthful learning opportunity for the entire community. All are invited to lend their voices via letters to the editor, commentaries and articles of interest. Submissions are reviewed by the editorial board and may be edited for brevity and clarification. We regret we cannot return any unsolicited articles, photos or other materials. Contact us at: [email protected] Your donation to the Southern Delaware Alliance for Racial Justice is important to us. Please scan to donate or send your donation by mail: Southern Delaware Alliance for Racial Justice (SDARJ) P.O. Box 306 Lewes, Delaware 19958 A SPECIAL PUBLICATION OF UPCOMING EVENTS Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 BOOK & FILM: I Saw Death Coming by Kidada E. Williams Lewes Library | May 28, 2024, 6:00 pm SDARJ Monthly Town Hall | Online, May 14, 2024, 7:00 pm Our thanks to Matt Haley Trust The Southern Delaware Alliance for Racial Justice extends their deepest appreciation to the Matt Haley Trust for its generous grant that has helped us grow and expand the readership of Black Voices. Thank you also to Patricia Riviera, owner of Hook PR and Marketing, who serves as our liaison to the Trust. OUR GOAL: To educate, inform and advocate for racial justice and social equality for all. • Dialogue to Action • Legislative Advocacy • Monthly Town Hall Meetings • Student Scholarships • Book Club • Go West (in Sussex County) • Youth Ambassador Program • Higher Education for Incarcerated Individuals • Regular Commentary on Individual and Systemic Racism in local papers • Supplemental Educational Modules on Black History • African-American Film Festival • Public Speaking Engagements Regarding Racism • Special Forums on Racial Justice Issues Visit www.sdarj.org for more info. What We Do: www.sdarj.com SAVE THE DATE: City of Lewes Annual Juneteenth Celebration George H.P. Smith Park | June 29, 2024 (if inclement weather, event will be held at Cape Henlopen High School)

6 Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 Black Moms Matter: The Fight to End Racial Disparities in Maternal Health BY KATHY HARVATT No doubt about it. It’s dangerous and at times even deadly for Black women to give birth in the United States. In fact, recent data shows that they are three to four times more likely than White women to die from complications before, during and after pregnancy, most of which are preventable (over 80% according to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). In addition, while only one out of every four women who gave birth in Delaware from 2011 - 2018 were Black, they accounted for half of the mothers who died during that same period of time. Even hearty professional athletes like tennis superstar Serena Williams and six-time Olympic gold medalist Allyson Felix have their own frightening stories to tell after suffering life-threatening maternal health issues. For Williams, who had a history of blood clots, it was a pulmonary embolism she developed the day after undergoing an emergency C-section; for Felix, it was severe preeclampsia (aka toxemia), which led to an emergency C-section. And now that both of these moms are fully recovered from their experiences, they have become ardent champions for Black maternal health, focused on raising awareness to promote far better outcomes. The Story Behind the Statistics Of course, such disparities can be attributed to a variety of variables, beginning with notably higher rates of serious disease among pregnant Black women, before, during and after childbirth, including asthma, diabetes and hypertension; blood clots and preeclampsia. Likewise, postpartum depression – which affects 29-44% of Black mothers – is a common underlying cause, given that it puts them at higher risk for suicide – the leading cause of maternal death during the period immediately following childbirth. Indeed, some 14-30% of reported maternal deaths are attributed to suicide and accidental drug overdose. Even more distressing, studies reveal that Black women have higher rates of suicidal ideation – thoughts of suicide – in the immediate postpartum period. Yet while they report these thoughts far more often than White women, they are far less likely to initiate and/or receive appropriate treatment. And if left untreated, postpartum depression can persist for months, and in some cases, years. Elevated levels of prenatal stress can also result in high blood pressure, which, in turn, increases the odds of developing such life-threatening conditions as preeclampsia and gestational diabetes. For Black women, the ongoing impact of social and economic inequities rooted in systemic racism makes them especially susceptible to the cumulative physiological effects of chronic stress (referred to as allostatic load). Low-income Black women are also at greater risk of being under- or uninsured, which makes it far more difficult for them to seek the prenatal care they need, a known cause of both complications in pregnancy and the belated diagnosis of treatable conditions. To be sure, the Delaware Department of Health and Social Services (DHSS) found that in 2021, 11% of Black women of child-bearing age had no health insurance. The Devastating Impact of Racial Bias in Healthcare At the same time, racial bias – both explicit and implicit – has long played a major role in both the quality of and access to preand post-partum care for Black women regardless of income and education. According to research from the National Institutes of Health, there is a clear connec

Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 7 tion between racial discrimination on the part of the healthcare system and adverse outcomes for Black women throughout the childbirth cycle. Until the Civil Rights Act of 1964, pregnant Black women were turned away from most well-funded White hospitals and frequently received inadequate and even inhumane medical treatment. Indeed, as older members of the once predominantly Black community in Lewes DE are quick to point out, the hospital there made Black women deliver their babies in the basement next to the morgue until the state fully desegregated its medical facilities. And although research continues to show that pregnant Black women clearly prefer Black obstetric providers, systemic racism has long pervaded American health systems and medical education. It dates back to 1910 and the Flexner Report, funded by the American Medical Association (AMA), which established the foundation for our medical education. Given that the medical field was then dominated by White male physicians, who saw Black doctors as a threat to their prestige and income, this report recommended closing all but two historically Black medical schools. On top of that, postgraduate internships in a hospital setting became a standard requirement for medical licensure – which further restricted future opportunities for Black students at a time when Black hospitals were few and far between. Consequently, this devastating report led to critical shortages of Black health professionals, which continues to this day – making it difficult for the vast majority of Black women to access culturally sensitive care. As a result, studies show that pregnant Black women are more than twice as likely as White women to feel dissatisfied with or mistreated by their healthcare providers - a finding that is hardly surprising in the U.S. where obstetric providers are overwhelmingly White. Take Serena Williams for example, who knowing she was already at high risk for blood clots proactively asked for heparin to thin her blood shortly after delivering her daughter – a request that was repeatedly dismissed by her medical team. But thanks to her persistence, they finally conducted a CAT scan of her lungs, which did in fact reveal an embolism that required immediate treatment to prevent it from moving on to her heart. Thus, in light of these sobering stories and statistics, policymakers, care providers and community leaders are now joining forces to tackle racial disparities headon. And in doing so, expanding access to high-quality, culturally sensitive care, by promoting research-informed practices; implementing targeted policies; and strengthening community-based initiatives. Research-Informed Practices In recent years, research scientists have clearly stepped up efforts to not only shine a light on Black maternal health inequities, but also pave the way for childbearing practices proven to ensure more favorable outcomes. Here are three such practices that are being widely touted as both medically effective and economically feasible. Doulas. Maternal health advocates increasingly point to evidence that doulas – non-clinical providers who offer culturally congruent, physical and emotional support and education throughout the childbirth experience – can play a critical role in addressing racial disparities. Continued on Page 8 ➜

8 Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 In fact, rigorous studies show that Black women under the care of Black doulas are far less likely to experience pregnancy complications, pre-term deliveries, and cesarean births – all of which results in major cost savings. Yet as promising as this practice is, there are also significant barriers to access, thanks to a variety of factors – from variable insurance coverage and low reimbursement rates to insufficient guidelines around and training opportunities for certification. But the tide is turning as a growing number of states and the District of Columbia are either providing or in the process of implementing Medicaid coverage for doula care, while two states require coverage by both Medicaid and private insurance. At the same time, maternal health advocates are opening new avenues for high quality doula training and certification, using such evidence-based strategies as ongoing professional networking; one-to-one mentoring; and experiential practicums. Telehealth. Reasonable access to high-quality, culturally sensitive care before, during and after childbirth is by no means consistently available across the country. Indeed, so-called “maternity care deserts” are increasingly common, making it especially challenging for Black women, who are more often underserved and vulnerable to poor health outcomes. And while Delaware is a small state where, on average, women travel 7.9 miles to receive maternity care, limited public transportation in most parts of the state can make the journey far more costly for many of them. That’s where telehealth services come in handy as yet another strategy for fostering healthy pregnancies. Having been rapidly implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic, many states (including our own) kept moving with these services once it was over, often mandating continued Medicaid coverage. As such, Black women have more options for videoconferencing with culturally congruent health providers, as well as checking test results and tracking health conditions online – which helps bridge the racial disparity gap.   Implicit Bias Training. While explicit racial bias implies active awareness, implicit bias unconsciously influences the attitudes and/or stereotypes that affect our understanding, actions and decisions – which when grounded in negative racial or gender terms, leads to inadequate patient care. Patient care that only exacerbates poor maternal health outcomes for Black women. To address this challenge, highly reputable organizations are creating implicit bias training courses – both online and in-person. For example, March of Dimes offers a program called “Awareness to Action: Dismantling Bias in Maternal and Infant Healthcare.” Endorsed by the American Hospital Association it provides authentic and compelling content designed specifically for healthcare professionals and students caring for women before, during and after pregnancy. While it is not an overnight fix, it has proven to furnish insights that are key to recognizing and resolving implicit bias. Targeted Public Policies Legal remedies have always played a vital role when it comes to lessening the dangerous impact of structural and systemic racism on every aspect of American life – and healthcare has quickly become an important focus, thanks to racial inequities ever more clearly exposed during the pandemic. Which is why legislators at both the national and state levels are proactively working to implement targeted public policies that address the key challenges Black women face with respect to ensuring positive maternal health outcomes. At the National Level. In 2019, Congresswomen Alma Adams (D-NC) and Lauren Underwood (D-IL) founded the Black Maternal Health Caucus to “advance policy solutions to improve maternal health outcomes and end disparities.” This bipartisan, multiracial caucus comprising 111 male and female members of the U.S. House of Representatives has since introduced significant legislation aimed at achieving its mission, the most of which is The Black Maternal Health Momnibus Act. Originally introduced in 2021, it has since been expanded and reintroduced by Senator Cory Booker (D-NJ) and Representative Underwood. Co-sponsored by more than 200 legislators in both Houses of Congress and endorsed by over 200 organizations, it is designed to comprehensively address the drivers of maternal mortality, morbidity and disparities. As such, it includes 13 standalone bills that will collectively accomplish a variety of relevant objectives – from critical investments in the social, environmental and economic deContinued from Page 7 ➜

Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 9 terminants of maternal health to funding for innovative treatment methods and models. At the State Level. On July 25, 2022 Delaware’s Governor John Carney signed into law the state’s own version of a Momnibus Act that included the following six bills, aimed at improving access to maternal and infant healthcare:   Fast forward to August 2023 when Delaware’s governor signed into law HB 80, bipartisan legislation, which mandated that beginning on January 1, 2024, doula services in Delaware will be covered by Medicaid. Likewise, in 2021, HB 150 became state law making permanent the state’s temporary expansion of telehealth rules during the pandemic. As such, maternal healthcare patients can be seen by a provider over video chat without having first been seen in person. Moreover, they can use telehealth services to consult with an out-ofstate specialist without having to first meet in person. Community-Based Initiatives The ever-growing focus on black maternal health is largely grounded in a partnership project between two organizations that resulted in the Black Mamas Matter Alliance – a national network of Black women-led birth and reproductive justice organizations. In fact, this network was the driving force behind Black Maternal Health Week, which takes place every year from April 11 – 17, to raise awareness around healthcare challenges that Black mothers and babies experience every day. As the light shines brighter on this issue, likeminded community-focused organizations (CFOs) are receiving the support they need to collaborate with policymakers, healthcare providers and other stakeholders around solutions that address the unique needs of their communities. In Delaware, CFOs like Black Mothers in Power are leading the charge to eradicate disparities, by empowering the community with targeted resources, education and legislative engagement, while the Ubuntu Black Family Wellness Collective offers, among other things, reproductive health services to Black women in an accessible location, with or without appointments. Likewise, organizations like 4 Kira 4 Moms are making a difference in their own communities. Founded by Charles Johnson who lost his wife Kira during a routine Cesarean delivery, this CFO is focused on improving outcomes through advocacy and coalition building around public policy and innovative models of care. Final Thoughts To be sure, every woman in this country – regardless of race, income and/or insurance coverage – should have the right to high-quality, culturally sensitive reproductive healthcare. After all, maternal health is key to assessing the collective wellbeing of our nation, our states, and our communities. Yet given persistent and appalling racial disparities, we are falling far behind the curve. Like every racial injustice we face, it will take a multifaceted approach that tackles the root causes, by generating transformative solutions, grounded in the voices and experiences of everyone concerned. It is an approach the Biden Administration laid out clearly in its White House Blueprint for Addressing the Maternal Health Crisis, published in 2022. It is a powerful call to action that outlines five priorities for improving maternal health outcomes, which when taken together offer a solid foundation for seeding the change we need. But to achieve its goals, we must all commit to working together, wherever we call home. Because as Vice President Kamala Harris recently said: "When we address both the systematic disparities and implicit bias in both our society and our health care system, we can get to the point where being Black and pregnant is full of joy and free from fear of preventable death.” • House Bill 234 extends Medicaid coverage through the first year postpartum. • House Bill 340 provides updates to the Child Death Review Commission and name change. • House Bill 342 prohibits the use of restraints during childbirth for incarcerated women. • House Bill 343 requires a plan for Medicaid coverage of doula services. • HS2 for House Bill 344  requires bias and competency training for healthcare workers. • House Bill 345 furnishes access to doula/midwifery services for incarcerated women.

10 Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 Erica M. Allen is the founder and executive director of Do Care Doula Foundation, Inc., which provides grantfunded doula training and development; subsidized doula support; and a variety of community outreach programs including support groups, childbirth education and educational events. How are doulas trained? The training that our doulas receive is provided through Common Sense Childbirth Institute. It encompasses cultural awareness and specifies how to support Black birthing people1 and other people of color. It also teaches doulas how to advocate for and support people continuously with evidence-based research. What is the cost to the student? Typically, if they were to train by themselves and approach the organization (Common Sense) out of pocket, it would be $1,200…For the doulas that train through our organization, because we are a nonprofit, we are able to provide that to them at a fee of $150. After the training, what are doulas able to charge for their services? It varies from around $750 to I’ve heard of some charging $3,000. Typically, in the area we are in, it’s roughly around $1,500, on average, per birth. [Starting January 1, Medicaid began covering doula support.] You recently opened GROWTH: Family Resource Center. How does that complement your services? As doulas, a big part of what we do is community outreach. By opening the resource center, people know where we are and can consistently come to us, whether they need food, whether they need diapers, whether they need to come to a support group, whether they need a doula…we’re here, a footprint in the community. What are some common misconceptions surrounding the use of doulas throughout the childbirth process? A lot of the misconceptions are that doulas teach people to go against certain medical practices. But we don’t teach them to go against them. We actually teach them to educate themselves to make informed decisions as opposed to just going along with the flow without any rhyme or reason or without any actual research. On your website, you refer to doula support as a “necessity.” Would you explain? For Black birthing people, given the disparity rates, it’s a necessity, I would say, just to make sure that we stay alive. There are so many things that people aren’t educated on…so many things that are taught with medical education; so it’s a necessity to try to mitigate those negative outcomes and experiences. What are some examples of issues that are disproportionately experienced by Black and Brown mothers? Champion for Black Maternal Health Equality Erica M. Allen: Working to Even the Birthing Field in Delaware BY NANCY SAKADUSKI

Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 11 Specifically, blood pressure issues, and this disproportion can be for many different reasons— from diet, lack of exercise, and even genetic factors that come into play. What can be done to address some of the disparities? Doulas are important—we’re a necessity—but also the people who are supporting us medically need to learn more about culturally competent care and why it is so important to accurately and sufficiently support us in getting the word out. It’s about being able to meet people where they’re at and not insult them. There are a lot of different stereotypes and stigmas facing Black and Brown and people of color, so we need to rule those out and not treat everybody as one type of person… looking at the individual as opposed to putting them in a box. What would the doula’s role be if there are issues? Referring the person to their provider, attending appointments, helping the person to understand the risk factors. I understand doulas also assist women with miscarriage, induced abortion, and stillbirth. Does your organization provide those services? We, personally, don’t provide any type of abortion services, but we do support people who have abortions, who have miscarriages, who have infant loss…[In addition to offering specialized doula training], we also host a pregnancy and infant loss group here in our resource center. What should someone look for in choosing a doula? I would say look for someone that matches their energy. The reason I’m saying that is when you’re in labor, you want to make sure that the person you’re working with is not disruptive to how you want things to go. We often have our people, who come to us for a doula, interview with at least two or three doulas to see who’s the best fit. What type of person makes a good doula? It varies, but to actually care and want to be educated, and to be willing to support and have a heart to serve. Those are qualities that are much-needed. Is there a particular age range for doulas? We have trained some teens to provide support and we have some retired seniors who are looking to provide support and have trained with us, and we have people in the middle of that as well. So it varies. Do you mind sharing your own birth experience and whether that has affected your work? I have four children, and with all of my pregnancies I think there were points where I wasn’t listened to, and I wasn’t heard. Even with my most recent pregnancy, I did have a doula and she did help me advocate for myself and advocate on my behalf. And I credit her and the training I’ve gotten and the things I’ve learned as a doula to actually making it through my birth experience…having that education and that knowledge was helpful. Are hospitals and providers supportive of doulas? I do find some pushback (and I will say it as a nurse myself) with nursing staff and also some pushback from providers and I think it’s a thing where we all need to come together as a community to understand that we all should be working for the greater good of the birthing person and the baby that’s coming. Nancy Sakaduski Nancy is an award-winning writer and editor based in Lewes, Delaware, who founded Cat & Mouse Press, to support local writers and create beach reads for adults and children. Having personally authored and published 24 books, she holds the distinction of having one of her children’s books, Passport to History: Ancient Greece, named best social studies book by the Society of School Librarians International. Nancy is also on the board of directors of Delaware Press Association, and a member of the Rehoboth Beach Writers’ Guild and the Eastern Shore Writers Association. 1 The term “birthing person” is used to include people who give birth but do not identify as women.

12 Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 Movers and Shakers When Chantalle Ashford set out to make a difference, she led the charge to create a personalized educational experience for public school students, with the goal of building a stronger future for Sussex County. And her efforts are paying off, as she prepares to open the Bryan Allan Stevenson School of Excellence (BASSE) in Georgetown to 6th, 7th and 8th grade students for the 2024- 25 school year. As a former Indian River High School English and Special Education teacher, Ashford is one of BASSE’s founding board members, as well as its founding Principal and Academic Head. She explains the school’s vision: “Students will own their own brilliance; be in charge of the conversation; and be empowered to collaborate with their teachers and community members to drive their learning. BASSE students will think globally, act locally, and develop the skills needed to meet their full potential. We will figure out how to prepare them for the future.” The tuition-free secondary charter school – underwritten by a combination of public funds from the state of Delaware, grants, private donations, and other fundraising efforts – must follow state and federal education laws and regulations. Likewise, the curriculum must meet the Delaware Department of Education’s content standards and assessments. Grounded in the Philosophy of the School’s Namesake BASSE is founded on the philosophy of the prominent lawyer and human rights advocate Bryan Stevenson (https://basseinc.org/about-best-charterschools-delaware/bryan-stevenson) for whom the school is named and who also serves as advisor. Stevenson frequently talks about the power of proximity: “We have to get proximate. We cannot create justice without getting close to places where injustices prevail.” With that power in mind, students will not only meet grade-level academic standards, they will co-create community service learning experiences, which will be part of the overall learning experience. In describing her school’s approach to learning, Ashford is quick to point out that it is built around the concept that one size does not fit all students. “As a charter school, we are different from a traditional school in our flexibility and structure. Our students will participate in advisory blocks every morning, where students will work on their social-emotional skills and build a community with a small group of peers and a trusted advisor. Students will work with teachers and classmates to make a positive impact on the community through proximate service learning experiences with local community organizations, nonprofits, and service organizations supported by a personalized and rigorous academic curriculum. Our school days are extended to allow room for students to participate in clubs and have additional time to complete community service projects, as well as to complete the traditional course work. Service projects will incorporate what students learn in their classes and their passions and interests captured in their personalized learning plans.” Chantalle Ashford: Founding Principal and Academic Head Bryan Allan Stevenson School of Excellence (BASSE) BY JESSICA CLARK

Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 13 When BASSE opens in the fall at the former Howard T. Ennis School on the Delaware Technical Community College campus in Georgetown, it plans to enroll a total of 250 students – 100 in sixth and seventh grades; and 50 in eighth grade. Once fully enrolled in the 2028-2029 academic year, the school will serve sixth through twelfth grades. Students who wish to attend BASSE must be Delaware residents and registered public school students. The school will provide bus transportation for students living in Sussex County and hub spots for students living beyond the county line. The Man Behind the School’s Name A native of Milton, Delaware in Sussex County, Stevenson is a graduate of Harvard Law School and the Harvard School of Government, who went on to become an internationally acclaimed human rights and social justice advocate. He is also the founder and executive director of the Equal Justice Initiative in Montgomery, Alabama, dedicated to defending the poor, the incarcerated, and the unjustly condemned. As such, Stevenson has successfully argued several cases in the United States Supreme Court and won an historic ruling banning mandatory life-without-parole sentences for children 17 and younger. In documenting his legal career, Stevenson authored the critically acclaimed New York Times bestseller, Just Mercy, which was later adapted into a feature film. When describing the book’s impact, New York Times Opinion columnist Nicholas Kristof stated, “Bryan Stevenson may, indeed, be America’s Mandela.” So to further underscore BASSE’s connection to its namesake, Ashford will ensure that all of the school’s students receive the young adult version of Just Mercy to inspire them as they grow into their own leadership roles. Stevenson is also the founder of the National Memorial for Peace and Justice and the Legacy Museum on the site of a cotton warehouse in Montgomery, Alabama – one of many called “slave pens,” where enslaved people were marched in chains from the river and railroad to be auctioned. Among the artifacts displayed in the memorial are the names of 4,400 individuals slain in lynchings and other racial killings between 1877 and 1950. Additionally, the names of lynching victims across the Deep South are engraved on 800 steel columns with copies in each U.S. county where these atrocities occurred. In reflecting on the dedicated efforts of Ashford and her team to help BASSE students become future leaders, Stevenson stated, “I’m thrilled that new opportunities are emerging in Sussex County to inspire young people to reach their full potential. I hope this school empowers students to achieve great things and become informed, hopeful, and committed citizens who care about helping others and creating a healthy community.” Jessica Clark Jessica Clark is a University of Maryland, School of Journalism, graduate. After a 30-year career as a Public Information Specialist and photojournalist for several federal agencies, the Library of Congress, the U.S. Army and U.S. Navy in Washington, D.C., she retired to Georgetown, Delaware, where she restored the former Governor John Collins’ 1790s home on Collins Pond. Jessica now freelances and volunteers for several nonprofits and is a Sussex County Master Gardener.

14 Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 The John Dickinson Plantation (JDP) is an historic site - administered by the Delaware Division of Historical and Cultural Affairs (HCA) – that shares the stories of the Dickinson family, the tenant farmers, the indentured servants, the freedom seekers, and the free and enslaved Black men, women and children, who lived, labored and died there. The International Coalition of Sites of Conscience The museum is a member of the International Coalition of Sites of Conscience (ICSC) – a worldwide network of historic places and memory initiatives dedicated to both remembering past struggles for justice and addressing their contemporary legacies. As such, it is committed to transforming places that preserve the past into spaces that promote civic action. In 2023, ICSC received a grant from the Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS) to conduct a three-year project, designed to maximize museum resources, while addressing community needs through collaborative partnerships. It will enable 10 museums and their community partners throughout the U.S. to work with ICSC to address silences and absences in operations, collections, and programming, by amplifying voices and stories that have been historically suppressed. The Southern Delaware Alliance for Racial Justice In January 2024, JDP staff reached out to the Southern Delaware Alliance for Racial Justice (SDARJ) to propose a partnership, given that the organization’s mission and values of educating, informing, and advocating for racial justice and social equality aligned well with the ICSC project tenets. And in carrying out its mission, SDARJ engages the community by conducting town hall meetings; holding book and film discussions; and working with young people to counter the corrosive effects of racism. The Partnership After initial discussions between JDP staff and SDARJ’s Charlotte King and Gwendolyn Miller, the proposal to collaborate was presented to SDARJ board members, who approved both the project and the partnership in February 2024. The John Dickinson Plantation then informed ICSC staff, who invited representatives from SDARJ to join monthly project meetings at which time they would connect with the other museums, institutions and community partners. Responsibilities In building a strong cooperative relationship, the partners will co-create a simple report that identifies absences in the museum and propose ideas for solutions. In turn, this report will lay out a roadmap for collaboration that accomplishes at least one meaningful internal change to address absences within the institution, along with at least one public facing change. At the end John Dickinson Plantation and the Southern Delaware Alliance for Racial Justice Partnering to Address the Silences BY GLORIA HENRY Continued on Page 16 ➜

Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 15 Belltown is an historic district in Sussex County dating back to the Civil War era. As one of many small, self-supporting and segregated communities, its history is an important part of Southern Delaware’s past that is neither well-known nor appropriately preserved. Most of the neighborhood, unfortunately, has disappeared, with only a vacant church and a school remaining. But with a lot of help from its friends, the Southern Delaware Alliance for Racial Justice (SDARJ) is working hard to restore that school and turn it into a prominent historic reminder of the Belltown community. Preserving a Valued Black Community Landmark Originally known as The Nassau School for Colored Children, it was one of 80 schools built in the 1920s by Pierre S. du Pont when he was President of Delaware’s Board of Education. In doing so, he used his own money, given that state law prohibited using funds raised from White taxpayers to support public schools for Black children. And in light of the political and social attitudes at that time, his efforts were viewed as especially courageous because these schools provided the only public education for local Black students. SDARJ first became involved in the restoration project when DelDOT started planning for the Five Points - Plantation Road improvements, voicing concern about the impact it would have on The Nassau School. So the organization held an open meeting on August 13, 2019, to gauge the community’s interest in and support for preserving the school in its historic location. To focus local interest on the school’s future, SDARJ established a separate non-profit organization called the Nassau School Coalition. Its mission is “to preserve and commemorate the rich African-American heritage and contributions of those who attended the Nassau School, through acquisitions and restoration, directly and in cooperation with one or more other non-profit or governmental organizations.” Putting the Coalition’s Mission to Work As the project unfolded, it became clear that its architects would have to overcome a fair number of obstacles, the first of which involved the school’s ownership. DelDOT had purchased the Best family lands - on which the Nassau School was located - to make way for a newly modified Five Points intersection. But at the same time, DelDOT’s mission did not include preserving historical structures. It was quickly determined that the building was suffering from years of disrepair, including a large infestation of bees. So after assessing the building’s structural safety, the Delaware Department of State’s Division of Historical and Cultural Aft airs (HCA) made some immediate repairs. However, the ensuing report made clear that it would be impossible to preserve the school without undertaking significant repairs, while replacing its core components. Broadening the Project’s Support To ensure broad input and support for the school’s future, the Coalition continued meeting with other organizations and individuals who shared the commitment to the restoration project. It enlisted the help of the Lewes Historical Society, the Richard Allen Coalition and Delaware Preservation, along with current and retired pastors of local SDARJ Continues Driving Community Efforts to Preserve the Historic Nassau School BY GWENDOLYN MILLER Continued on Page 16 ➜

16 Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 of the three-year project, the partners will share feedback and lessons learned with ICSC to pave the way for presenting these findings at an ICSC-sponsored conference and webinar. Getting to Know You In February and March, JDP and SDARJ took part in relationship building exercises, which allowed members of both organizations an opportunity to get to know each other as individuals. In February 2024, Gwendolyn Miller visited the John Dickinson Plantation. And in March, the SDARJ Community Partner Committee visited the JDP site, where they observed an educational program for second graders. The partners then connected over lunch in Lewes, followed by a tour of the Zwaanendael Museum, another HCA site. Likewise, JDP staff members will participate in the May 2024 SDARJ town hall. Mutual Respect To be sure, it takes time to build a meaningful community partnership through commitment and mutual respect. But Gwendolyn Miller, the SDARJ Community Partner Chair and I, as Site Supervisor of the John Dickinson Plantation are dedicated to forging a long-term relationship. As I have often said, it’s important to address the absences and silences related to the John Dickinson Plantation. People and communities are important connections and foundations for the present and future generations. Gloria Henry Gloria Henry is the site supervisor of the John Dickinson Plantation, a National Historic Landmark administered by the Delaware Division of Historical and Cultural Affairs, who has a passion for sharing Delaware history. Her history degree from the University of Delaware has enabled her to spend the last 30 years conducting historic demonstrations, portraying enslaved individuals, transcribing primary documents, conducting tours, creating exhibits, and developing interactive programs. Her current research focuses on the enslaved, free, and indentured Black people who lived, labored, and died on the John Dickinson Plantation. In her free time, she works with the Underground Railroad Coalition of Delaware. churches with ties to the school; individuals who attended or had family members who attended the school; and other community residents who expressed interest in the school’s preservation. While community meetings were ongoing, the Coalition also worked with state legislators and officials to get the school ‘s title transferred to the Department of State, while simultaneously exploring public and private funding opportunities for restoring the school building. Working with HCA, it determined that because the necessary work was extensive, a state contribution would be an important next step to securing substantial private funding. With the help of local legislators, including Speaker Pete Schwartzkopf and State Ernie Senator Lopez (now retired), the Coalition testified before the Joint Capital Improvement Committee in spring 2021, asking it to support HCA’s request for both the transfer of title and initial funding for the school. The title was subsequently transferred to the Department, and HCA took responsibility for the school. At the same time, initial funding in the amount of $1 million was appropriated for the project. Keeping the School Where it Stands After receiving community input, HCA resolved to preserve and restore the school in its present location; and as with other historic buildings, an appropriate tenant was needed to manage and operate it within HCA guidelines, while keeping it vibrant. So to meet the requirements, SDARJ has agreed to be that tenant. And after partnering with Greater Lewes Foundation for its construction and project management expertise, the Coalition is now moving ahead to finalize the necessary plans and proposals for restoring the school where it has always stood. At the same time, regular Coalition meetings with HCA and community members have resulted in some preliminary plans, which will be presented to all interested persons at a community meeting in the next couple of months. Gwendolyn Miller Gwendolyn Miller is a distinguished expert witness, speaker and consultant with more than 15 years’ dedicated service in addressing critical racial issues. Her expertise encompasses diversity, equity and inclusion; racial microaggressions and unconscious bias, making her a recognized authority and expert witness in these areas. She is also a member at-large of the SDARJ Steering Committee. Continued from Page 14 ➜ Continued from Page 15 ➜

Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 17 Accountant, consultant, and entrepreneur, Kayode Abegunde is throwing his hat in the ring once again for the 2024 Delaware Insurance Commissioner race. Propelled by the 40,000 Delawareans who voted for him in his previous 2020 primary bid for office, he has renewed hopes of making a difference for the people he wants to represent, especially the vulnerable. And he believes that despite the outcome of the previous election, the votes he garnered did indeed demonstrate resounding support for his platform. A Commitment to Equity, Affordability and Accessibility In the Delaware political realm, Abegunde is a passionate advocate for the pursuit of equity, affordability and accessibility in insurance products and services. He is currently Director of Services and Operations for Keystone Human Services, while also serving as a Minister at The Redeemed Christian Church of God Abundant Life Center in New Castle. And he strives to infuse his commitment to service in his professional and personal life. Originally from Nigeria, he has lived in Delaware for the past 17 years and is a U.S. naturalized citizen. His wife, also an accountant and originally from Nigeria, is his college sweetheart. They live in Bear, Delaware with their four children - two boys and two girls, ages 17, 15, 12, and 9 – who attend public school in Colonial School District. As a family, they enjoy watching movies together in their spare time, as well as reading and listening to the children play their musical instruments. (One daughter plays the saxophone, while the other one plays the keyboard.) In describing his first job experience in America as a housekeeper in a nursing home, Abegunde. said he met an elderly resident, who told him she would soon be leaving the nursing home because she couldn't afford the room and board. And with no family members to help, there was nobody willing to advocate for her. Her plight caused Abegunde to question why there were no resources out there to help the elderly in this nursing home. “I asked who is representing them and who is fighting for them? My politics is to fight, advocate, and speak the truth, most especially for those who are vulnerable. They really need someone to speak for them.”  Five Reasons for Running When asked why he is running, Abegunde offers five pivotal reasons, the first of which is Equity. As he puts it, he wants to combat redlining, which has historically perpetuated economic disparities. He says by advocating and fighting against discriminatory practices he will ensure fair access to insurance products for all Delawareans. Likewise, he is campaigning for Affordability, by collaborating with insurance companies to make premiums more affordable, thus alleviating the financial burden for many due to high insurance cost. His third reason is Accessibility, achieved by diversifying insurance products to break the monopoly that restricts choices for residents and tailoring products to their needs. Abegunde cites Regulations, as well, saying he wants to implement effective regulations with which to guide the insurance market towards reduced costs and premiums, thereby creating a more consumer-friendly environment. And finally, he will work toward increasing insurance options for veterans, which will contribute to their financial well-being and stability. A Solid Commitment to Equity for All At the core of Abegunde’s platform is his commitment to Kayode Abegunde: Candidate for Insurance Commissioner BY GLORIA HO Black Political History in the Making In our last issue, we featured the first of a two-part series on our impressive slate of Black candidates running in 2024 for elected office in Delaware. So as promised, we want to round out part two by profiling four additional and equally impressive individuals making Black political history in our state. Continued on Page 23 ➜

18 Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 Eugene Young: “Stand Tall for Delaware” Having now stepped down from his role as Director of the Delaware State Housing Authority, Eugene Young is moving full speed ahead with his campaign to become the first Black man to represent the First State in Congress. If successful, he will replace Delaware’s lone Congresswoman Lisa Blunt Rochester, who is running for retiring Senator Tom Carper’s seat. Bring Neighbors Together To Succeed Born and raised on the Eastside of Wilmington, the son of a teacher and a retired member of the Air Force, Young describes himself as “a proud, lifelong Delawarean and Democrat,” who believes “that the power of our collective voice can light up a nation.” He is quick to point out what he calls “some big, bright things” we have accomplished lately here in Delaware – from leading the country in Black and LGBTQ+ state legislators, to increasing Black maternal healthcare support, to earmarking many millions of dollars to revitalize neglected communities. “I’m running for Congress to bring that big, bright Delaware energy to the U.S. House, so we can lead the country in creating policies and legislation that improve the lives of all Americans - just as we have done here at home. I’m running to be your Representative in Congress because I believe in neighbors helping neighbors, regardless of zip code or state lines or party affiliation.”  Past Experience and Key Priorities As someone who embraced a life of service early on, Young has had plenty of experience working for sustainable change at the community level. In fact, he launched his career 16 years ago after co-founding Delaware Elite, a program that provided urban youth with academic enrichment, leadership training and college access. He went on from there to later serve as a close aide to U. S. Senator Cory Booker and then to become the President and CEO of the Metropolitan Wilmington Urban League. Likewise, Young co-founded Network Delaware, its mission to “develop change agents.” And if elected, he vows to use his experience to benefit every American, by increasing access to quality healthcare, jobs, education, and housing, while protecting the environment and ensuring the rights of women, minorities, and members of LGBTQ+ communities. It is a mission that closely reflects his Eugene Young and Donyale Hall Set Their Political Sights on Congress BY CHARLOTTE KING

Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 19 belief that as he puts it, “when both you and your neighbor succeed, we all succeed.” Donyale Hall: “So That All May Prosper” As the Black Republican running for Delaware’s lone congressional seat, Donyale Hall describes herself as a businesswoman; a mother of 10 children; and a U.S. Air Force veteran, who has called Dover home since 1973 when her father was assigned to the Air Force Base there. A History of Successful Ventures She graduated in 1987 from Caesar Rodney High School and went on to serve her country as an Air Force Communications/ Navigations Systems Specialist during Operation Desert Shield/ Desert Storm. As a woman who never shies away from a good challenge, Hall majored in electrical engineering at the Citadel Military College of South Carolina, attending classes in her off-duty hours. Upon returning to Dover, she settled in to marry and raise a family. Although she was a “stay-athome” mom, Hall found a way to supplement the family income by opening her first business – a catering service. What’s more, she decided to pursue an MBA at Wilmington University, which she received in 2008, in the midst of what became known as the Great Recession. Undaunted, Hall once again accessed her entrepreneurial acumen to open a second business designed to empower others like her to become successful small business owners in what had become a severely depressed job market. And in 2010, she put all of that experience to work for her fellow veterans after taking a job at the U.S. Department of Labor as a Program Specialist for Veterans Employment and Training Services. A Seat at the Table These days, Hall runs her own general contracting and construction company, created to support small business growth for women, ethnic minorities and disabled veterans. Likewise, she plays an active role in her community, currently serving as the At Large Commissioner for the city’s Human Relations Commission; the president of the Frederick Douglas Foundation; and 1st Vice President of Blacks in Government. And of course, on top of all that, she is traveling the state to promote her candidacy for the U. S. House of Representatives. In making her case to the people of Delaware, Hall is quick to say that “it’s time hardworking families have a seat at the table.” She describes herself as a fiscal conservative, who strongly believes that elected officials must be good stewards of the taxpayers’ dollars, pointing to governing systems that squander our fiscal resources while upholding systems that keep people in poverty. With that in mind, Hall’s platform is built around three straightforward goals: Lower costs, create more good-paying jobs and cut wasteful spending in Washington. Get tough on violent crime, stand with law enforcement and keep our communities safe. Improve our education system, support parents and teachers, and expand school choice. But beyond these goals, she believes that it’s essential for Delawareans to vote based on values, rather than party affiliation, at a time when there is a lot at stake when it comes to building a stronger and more prosperous future for all. Charlotte King A resident of Lewes, Charlotte King is the Founder and Chair of the Southern Delaware Alliance for Racial Justice. She is a retired social worker and therapist, and a passionate advocate and champion of racial justice.

20 Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 Tell me a little about your background here in Delaware? My roots in the First State run deep — it’s the place that I’ve called home for over five decades. My family came to Delaware in 1969 when my father got a job in the heart of Wilmington at People’s Settlement Association. A turbulent time, Wilmington had experienced the longest occupation of the National Guard in a city after the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King. Dad stepped up to serve in the education system, as well as to represent our councilmanic district and eventually become President of Wilmington City Council. He was my inspiration and example of the power of grassroots organizing and public service. My journey began in 1988, as a graduate student at UD and a young mother. With a baby on my hip and my second on the way, I attended one of thenRep. Tom Carper’s town halls — an encounter that would set me on my own path of service. I joined his office as an intern, then became a caseworker. Upon his election to governor in 1993, I joined his cabinet, serving as Deputy Secretary of Health & Social Services and later as the Secretary of Labor. Under our first woman Governor, Ruth Ann Minner, I was appointed Director of State Personnel working with state agencies, school districts and retirees. I’ve also served in various non-profit roles in Delaware from boards like the YWCA to becoming the CEO of the Metropolitan Wilmington Urban League and chairing a state Housing Roundtable. From the mother of two children who graduated from Delaware public schools and HBCUs, to a widow at age 52, to a joyous grandmother almost 10 years later, I’ve worn many hats and assumed many roles in Delaware — and I hope the next will be Senator of the place I call home. What are your specific reasons for running for this office? I want to build on the victories we have won for Delawareans and Americans. That means continuing the work of job creation; lowering the cost of health care; and protecting the fundamental right to vote. I want to keep pushing for the kind of change that will make our world better for my children’s generation and for my precious granddaughter. From tackling the climate crisis so future generations have clean air and water to defending our rights and freedoms whether that means the power to make decisions about our own bodies or our ability to access the ballot box, we face big challenges that can and Lisa Blunt Rochester: Ready to Take Historic Aim at U.S. Senate race in 2024 BY GLORIA HO Congresswoman Lisa Blunt Rochester is running for the open Delaware U.S. Senate seat vacated by Senator Thomas Carper who announced his retirement in May of this year, while also endorsing Blunt Rochester for his seat. Elected to serve as Delaware’s single member of the U.S. House of Representatives in 2017, Blunt Rochester is also an Assistant Whip for House Leadership. What’s more, she is the first woman and African American to represent Delaware in Congress. Should she be successful in this election, she will become the first woman and person of color to represent Delaware in the Senate. According to her congressional record, Blunt Rochester has sponsored 99 bills and resolutions with notable focus on improving and expanding healthcare access, specifically directed towards women and minorities. When interviewed for Black Voices, she shared the following responses.

Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 21 must be met with bold solutions. I think about the theme of our campaign — Bright Hope. It’s the name of the church my grandmother attended for 70 years and also represents the optimism we can bring to the future. I recognize there can be a lot of cynicism in our politics right now. When it comes to tackling the biggest challenges of our time, whether it’s climate, the economy, or our rights and freedoms, we need everybody to harness that bright hope. What do you perceive are the major social justice and/or racial justice issues impacting our communities of color? If elected, how do you expect/hope to intervene on behalf of those most affected by these issues? My charge is to be a voice for Delaware — especially those who have felt unheard and not seen. So many of the issues that affect communities of color are the same ones that are top of mind for so many Americans and Delawareans — making ends meet, keeping themselves or their kids healthy and safe. Whether it is access to capital to start a business; investing in education and job training programs; or expanding access to affordable housing and affordable health care, I have brought and want to continue bringing solutions that immediately impact our communities. In the Senate, I will continue to deliver on these priorities — and make sure our communities have truly equitable access to the kinds of resources that come with these solutions. I will fight to make sure our kids have what they need to grow up strong and healthy and I will fight to make sure our seniors have access to Social Security and Medicare — programs that so many worked hard for. I want to ensure that we take a broad and inclusive view of the health disparities that exist in our communities like Black maternal health, while simultaneously expanding our view of what care looks like — from fighting for lower prescription costs, to working to give our elders the stability they deserve. My efforts to protect and expand health care coverage for all Americans can and will be coupled with my advocacy for measures to address the root causes of health inequities (including the social drivers of health) and ensure equity, not bias, in our care. For our communities and families to thrive, generation to generation, we need to relieve the headwinds that people of color face in starting small businesses, building wealth, and ensuring financial security. Something I hear often from Black chambers of commerce is the need to make access to capital more equitable. By ushering in opportunity we can and will give our communities the tools to grow. From education to access to reproductive care, Senators have a voice in steering both the executive and judicial branches — in doing so, I will be resolute in driving us toward justice. In the Senate, I will also focus on using that body’s unique role in confirming cabinet nominees and judges to further the fight against the institutional and structural barriers to progress. I will work with my colleagues to confirm judges and cabinet members with a lens towards justice. This power of confirmation is a critical tool in shaping the trajectory of policies and practices that directly impact communities of color. No matter where you live in our country, Republican extremists will stop at nothing to attack our access to the ballot box. This assault on voting rights, as we know, often disproportionately affects communities of color. We must focus on defending our democracy by both defending the fundamental right to vote and strengthening the institutions entrusted with enacting the will of the people. What, if any, major problems are we facing in our state over the next five years, and what legislative priorities will you bring to bear if elected? I was moved to run for office when I saw a father in a grocery store put back grapes that were $9 because he couldn’t afford them. And that’s why in Congress, my focus has been supporting an economy that works for all of us — boosting business growth and economic opportuContinued on Page 23 ➜

22 Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 nity; creating good jobs close to home; and creating resilient supply chains. I started a bipartisan Future of Work Caucus in Congress prior to the pandemic but COVID showed us how vulnerable we are as a country and that we can’t leave anyone behind in this new tech age. I want to continue this work. Another major area of concern and priority is voting rights and our democracy. Just last month, Delaware’s Superior Court ruled that early and permanent absentee voting was unconstitutional. The suit is a right-wing attack on our voting rights here in Delaware and if it can happen in Delaware, it can happen anywhere. I also harken back to being trapped in the balcony overlooking the House floor when insurrectionists attacked our Capitol on Jan. 6. I saw firsthand how fragile our democracy is — it is important to me to not forget what happened, but to remember, to reflect on how close we were to losing it and then to recommit to strengthening our democracy. We urgently need federal voting rights protections — and I plan to make this a priority in the Senate. Clean air and drinkable water is a basic human right. But the reality is, under-resourced and overlooked communities are disproportionately impacted by pollution. I’ve made it my priority to view climate action through a lens of justice, and was so proud to help fund the effort to bring clean drinking water to Delaware, including in Sussex County where access was at risk. These were issues I heard about during my time in the Governor’s cabinet, and I’m proud I was able to go back to these strong communities and deliver in my time in Congress. Public education is one of our most important public goods. We need to legislate that way and we must fund it as a priority. I am the proud parent of two children, both products of the Delaware public school system. We’re building the channels that give our kids and grandkids access to a great education and preparing all of our students for a bright future. What challenges do you see in holding the Senate seat? We must hold this seat, and I hope that no one takes it for granted. I’m not taking a win or a single vote for granted. Getting folks to turn out is a priority and we are ramping up this historic campaign. Challenges to this effort are misinformation, disinformation and restricting options for voting such as the court decision. We also must battle against apathy. That’s why the Southern Delaware Alliance for Racial Justice and organizations like it are critical in this moment. What you do — and what my campaign will do, too — is help folks see the connection between their vote and their life; between their life and our democracy. The stakes are high, we need folks to feel that. What would you like to say to Black Voices readers that I have not asked? First, thank you for being engaged in your community, state and country and that everyone has a role to play. Run for office. Volunteer on a race. Speak up in your community. Find an organization you care about and engage. Believe that your voice is not just welcome but essential. When I started this campaign my friends stepped up to support me — I remember my best friend said, “I don't have money to give you, but I can make you a pot of spaghetti or beef stew.” Michelle is doing her part. We each have different gifts and no gift is too big or too small especially in a moment where the stakes are as high as they are now. Bottomline, now is the moment to ACTIVATE. Our voices are critical. Our lived experiences are valuable. And our vote matters! You mentioned each year you focus on a message or theme with your staff. This year it was “Advocate”. Could you elaborate more on what that means and what it looks like? The power of this word for me is that it is a verb and a noun. We can be advocates and we can advocate — and in this moment we must have both. Being an advocate is about getting the facts, understanding the issues and bringing stories that would otherwise never be told to the halls of power — or on the floor of the U.S. Senate — and turning them into transformative action. My goal as an advocate can be summed up by something that folks started saying here in Delaware when I first ran my race for the House: “When Lisa goes to Washington, we all go to Washington!” Who has been a major influence on you in your life? I am so blessed to be the product of so many incredible Continued from Page 21 ➜

Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 23 folks pouring themselves, their wisdom, and their faith into me. My family — from my grandparents and parents to the next generation, my baby granddaughter, I have been inspired to serve. The love of my life, my late husband Charles Rochester, gave me an outlook on life that pushed me through my deepest grief to greet life, even without him, as a blessing. My sisters keep me grounded and lift me up every day. There have been many mentors, peers and friends, who have made my service to my beloved home state possible. But most of all the people of Delaware who have shared their loves, their losses, and their stories with me; they are and will always be my inspiration. Currently, you said your focus was to protect our seniors, our environment, our small businesses and women’s reproductive rights, but we’ve got so much more to do. Do you foresee your issues changing or remaining the same? Delaware comes first. That will never change. I am running for Senate because of the fundamental understanding that more must be done because better is possible when we fight for it. I am ready to do more — more in the fight for democracy; more in leading our judicial branch to focus on our rights; more to topple institutional and structural barriers to progress. I also come back to that theme of Bright Hope that I’ve touched on: we can bring hope, so bright and bold that it cannot be extinguished by fear, hate or cynicism, back to our politics. We’re ready to take on this new challenge and in doing so bring bright hope to the Senate and to our country. combat the many injustices faced by communities of color. He acutely identifies the impact of prejudices in economic status, income disparity, high insurance premiums, and systemic biases in healthcare, education, and opportunities for individuals with disabilities. His goal remains clear: he wants to intervene on behalf of those disproportionately affected by system inequities. Toward that end, Abegunde’s proposed strategy is to effectively collaborate with all stakeholders, working closely with legislators and the community to draft and recommend policies with which to address the areas of concern he has outlined. His legislative priorities are grounded in his pledge to dismantle racial discrimination with historical insurance practices, by creating a state where everyone, regardless of background or circumstance, has access to insurance products at fair and affordable rates. What’s more, Abegunde emphasizes the need to recognize diversity in the community and to support inclusive decision-making within a responsive legislature. He wants to bring community leaders and others together to tap into their collective perspectives, thereby leveraging the richness of our diversity to shape insurance policies that fit the needs of all Delawareans. In meeting these service goals, Abegunde is driven by his desire to effect positive change by advocating for and giving voice to the marginalized and underserved. To be sure, his vision for a more equitable and accessible insurance system resonates deeply with the issues faced by our residents both here in Sussex County and around the state. Continued from Page 17 ➜ Gloria Ho Gloria Ho is a native Delawarean and a licensed clinical social worker. She is a national certified school social worker in the Cape Henlopen School District; the elected NEA Director of the Delaware State Education Association; and a member of various committees supporting diversity, equity, and inclusion. Gloria enjoys combining her love of writing and research with her passion for racial and social justice.

24 Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 As any physician will confirm, high blood pressure (HBP) often goes undetected for years, while it quietly lays the groundwork for such potentially fatal conditions as stroke, heart failure and kidney disease – which is why it is often referred to as a “silent killer.” This medical reality is especially challenging for Black adults in the United States, given that according to the American Heart Association, more than half of them are living with HBP. In fact, HBP not only hits the Black community in disproportionately high rates, it is also more severe and develops earlier in life. And while Black adults are 30% more likely to develop HBP, they are also less likely to have it under control. By the same token, statistics show that they face disproportionately high rates of diabetes, when compared with other racial groups – a consequence that exacerbates the risk for HBP, as well. So Why the Disparities? Our country’s long history of structural racism plays a big part in both the risk of developing HBP and the likelihood of early diagnosis. For starters, it causes Black Americans to experience higher than normal stress levels (often referred to as race-related stress), which sends hormones like adrenaline and cortisol rushing quickly through the body, making the heart beat faster and blood pressure rise. In a similar vein, hundreds of studies have found a clear relationship between racism and the social determinants of health – such as income, level of education and exposure to environmental hazards; quality healthcare, nutritious foods and regular physical activity. And given our country’s long history of racial segregation and bias, Black neighborhoods typically lack access to quality schools and environmentally sound housing; grocery stores that stock fresh foods and well-equipped gyms for regular exercise. Equally challenging, far too many health care providers are still engaging in medical practices rooted in racial bias. For example, generations of physicians have been taught to use race as the standard for prescribing blood pressure medication. As such, they follow long-established guidelines that limit Black patients to a narrow range of blood pressure medication options – a practice that is unwarranted, ineffective and even life-threatening. At the same time, research reveals that genes play at least some role in HBP and other related conditions. But families with a history of HBP may also be more likely to share common lifestyle habits – like smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, or diets full of salty food – that put them at higher risk. Likewise, blood pressure tends to rise with age, which makes it even more important to develop and sustain healthy habits throughout your lifetime. Turning a Silent Killer Into a Manageable Health Condition Controlling your blood pressure is a lifelong commitment, particularly if you are at greater risk for HBP. However, agencies like National Institutes of Health and organizations like the American Heart Association recommend the following evidence-based lifestyle habits to help you turn a silent killer into a manageable health condition. High Blood Pressure: Silent Killer or Manageable Health Condition? To Your Health Continued on Page 26 ➜

Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 25 Delaware tends to get a “free ride” when it comes to its image regarding slavery because it remained in the union. But truth be told, it does not deserve that “free ride.” The Meaning Behind Juneteenth June NINETEENTH, or Juneteenth as it is known, is not just a date. It's a symbol of resilience and hope. It marks the day in 1865 when a group of enslaved people in Galveston, Texas, finally learned that they were free from the institution of slavery. This momentous event took place almost two-and-a-half years after President Abraham Lincoln signed the EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION. As much as Juneteenth represents freedom, it also represents how emancipation was tragically delayed for enslaved people in the deepest reaches of the Confederacy. While the proclamation legally liberated millions of enslaved people in the Confederacy, it exempted those in the Union-loyal border states of Delaware, Maryland, Missouri, and Kentucky. These states held Confederate sympathies and might have seceded if Lincoln had not exempted them from the Emancipation Proclamation. Delaware’s Hidden History According to the 1860 Census, there were approximately 1,800 slaves in Delaware, most of whom were in the southern end of the state. In fact, the John Dickinson Plantation south of Dover and the Governor Ross Plantation in Seaford remain monuments to this inhumane institution in southern Delaware. Because the Emancipation Proclamation did not apply to Delaware, the 1,800 enslaved people there remained so when the Civil War ended – which only compounded the injustice they had suffered. So, while enslaved people in Texas were celebrating their freedom on June 19th, 1865, those here in Delaware were forced to remain in slavery until the 13th Amendment was passed on December 6th, 1865. That said, Juneteenth was meaningless for them, given that it would take another six months AFTER Juneteenth for them to be free. And adding insult to injury, Delaware was not among the two-thirds of the states that ratified the 13th Amendment, voting to reject it on February 8, 1865. Consequently, our state was not only dragged kicking and screaming to free its slaves in December 1865, it was also among the last to pass the 13th Amendment some 35 years later in 1901. On top of that, Delaware voted to reject the 14th and 15th Amendments, as well, during the Reconstruction era. Still, the history behind the story wasn’t all bad. The Battle to End Oppression – Past and Present At the time of the Civil War, Delaware had 20,000 free Black Americans compared to only 1,800 slaves, thanks to Pennsylvania Quakers who heavily promoted a solid abolitionist movement there. Equally important, Whites and free Blacks supported many active underground railroad stations in Delaware, with Thomas Garrett of Wilmington, a Quaker businessman, reportedly assisting in the escapes of 2,000 to 3,000 enslaved people. Harriet Tubman was also known to have come through Delaware on several occasions. Likewise, more than 20,000 White Delawareans volunteered to fight for the Union Army in the longstanding battle to end Juneteenth and Delaware’s Racist History BY JOSEPH AND JACQUELINE LAWSON Continued on Page 26 ➜

26 Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 slavery, with some 1,000 of them giving their lives to the cause. In addition, 954 free Blacks fought on the side of the Union – an impressive number when compared to the estimated 2,000 White Delawareans who fought for the Confederacy. Most importantly, however, Delaware voted to remain in the Union. So, as we celebrate Juneteenth this year and, thematically, the end of the most brutal, savage institution our nation has ever had, imagine how distressing it would have been to know that while millions of people like you were freed, you were not. And just like in 1865, when Delaware was not where it should have been, it is still not where we need it to be today. To get there, we must continue to push for changing Delaware’s voter access laws; reforming its law enforcement and correctional systems; and eliminating racial disparities in its schools, healthcare facilities and housing units. Only by changing our future and making our state a better place can we honor those who suffered injustice in the past. Joseph & Jaqueline Lawson Joseph Lawson, a dedicated social activist since high school, served as the President of the National Association of Multi-Ethnicity in Communications, which was devoted to increasing the number of people of color in the media. He is the proud father of four college graduates, two of whom live in Delaware. Jacqueline Lawson is a retired Health Information Manager and former Librarian. In 2023, she gave a presentation on the history of Juneteenth for SDARJ and volunteered at the Lewes Juneteenth Celebration. • Check your pressure regularly. Whereas normal blood pressure is below 120/80, a reading above 130/80 means you are probably veering into increasingly unsafe territory. So it’s important to keep an eye on your blood pressure, by regularly visiting a doctor’s office, clinic or pharmacy; or checking it yourself with a home blood pressure monitor, many of which are priced at well under $100. • Follow DASH plan guidelines (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension). By following this plan (DASH Eating Plan | NHLBI, NIH ) you will eat less fat and more fresh fruits and vegetables, as well as whole-grain food, with the goal of creating a flexible and balanced, hearthealthy diet. Likewise, when combined with regular exercise, this diet makes it much easier to maintain a healthy weight – another factor in reducing the risk of HBP. • Limit salt and alcohol intake. Too much salt and/or alcohol can significantly elevate your blood pressure. That said, it’s best to keep your daily sodium intake to no more than 1,500 mg. and your alcohol consumption to one drink a day for women, two for men. • If you smoke, quit now. Tobacco smoke not only elevates your blood pressure, it also damages your heart and blood vessels. In fact, all it takes is one day of tobacco-free living to lower your pressure; and one year, to reduce your odds for suffering coronary heart disease by 50%. • When medication is necessary, ensure that all of your options are on the table. Recent studies increasingly conclude that a blood pressure medication treatment plan should be tailored to the individual, rather than be determined by racial identity. And because there are several effective drugs to choose from, it’s essential to arm yourself with information and find a physician who is willing to prescribe a combination that works for you with the least number of side effects. • Above all, find effective ways to manage your stress. Although stress may have become a way of life, there are more than a few proven strategies for relieving it. For instance, just 20-30 minutes of exercise a day improves the body’s response to stress. You might also try practicing yoga or tai chi, both of which combine exercise with meditation; engaging in a hobby you enjoy; and/or listening to your favorite music. What’s more, a healthy diet provides the extra energy you need to cope with anxiety-producing events, while hanging out with friends and family offers a safe haven in times of tension. Continued from Page 25 ➜ Continued from Page 24 ➜

Black Voices | Vol. 11 | May 2024 27 “Of all the forms of inequality, injustice in health is the most shocking and the most inhuman because it often results in physical death.” Martin Luther King’s clarion call for healthcare equity March 26, 1966

OUR GOAL: To educate, inform and advocate for racial justice and social equality for all. • Dialogue to Action • Legislative Advocacy • Monthly Town Hall Meetings • Student Scholarships • Book Club • Go West (in Sussex County) • Youth Ambassador Program • Higher Education for Incarcerated Individuals • Regular Commentary on Individual and Systemic Racism in local papers • Supplemental Educational Modules on Black History • African-American Film Festival • Public Speaking Engagements Regarding Racism • Special Forums on Racial Justice Issues Visit www.sdarj.org for more info. What We Do: