TOURISM GEOGRAPHY

DTM 10103 – TOURISM GEOGRAPHY

Tourism Geography

NAME OF MEMBERS : 1) MUHAMAD ZAFRI AZRI BIN MOHAMMAD AMIN 14DUP21F2027
2) NUR IRDIYANIE BINTI SALLEH 14DUP21F2029
3) FATIN NUR IRDINA BINTI SHAHARUDIN 14DUP21F2030
4) MUKHLISAH DAYANA BINTI SAFARUDDIN 14DUP21F2034
5) NUR AISYAHTUL HUSNA BINTI ASRANI 14DUP21F2039

LECTERUR NAME : PUAN RUHANA WATI BINTI IRAN

DTM 10103 – TOURISM GEOGRAPHY

Table of Contents

01Political Map of the 03 Population density in
Malaysia
continent in Malaysia 04 Environmental issues that effects
tourism in the continent
02Demography

07Demand for tourism

06Top 10attraction 05 Culture

DTM 10103 – TOURISM GEOGRAPHY

Political Map of the continent in Malaysia

DTM 10103 – TOURISM GEOGRAPHY

DEMOGRAPHY

❑ Malaysia is currently experiencing population growth at a rate that is
gradually slowing down. Malaysia’s population is currently 32.37
million people. It is estimated that Malaysia’s population will peak in
the year 2068 at 42.07 million people. Following 2069, the
population will begin to steadily decline.

❑ Malaysia’s population is growing at a rate of 1.30% as of 2020. This
is significantly lower than its rate in 2000, which was 2.51%. This
decrease in the population growth rate is expected to continue in the
next few decades, slowing down population growth until the
numbers plateau and eventually decline.

❑ If Malaysia wants to continue to grow its population further than
current projections and prevent an aging population, it will need to
increase its fertility rate. The fertility rate is 2.01 births per woman,
just under the population replacement rate

DTM 10103 – TOURISM GEOGRAPHY

Population density in Malaysia

DTM 10103 – TOURISM GEOGRAPHY

Population density in Malaysia

DTM 10103 – TOURISM GEOGRAPHY

The behaviour of tourists,
and their use of facilities,

can result
in environmental pollution

through an increased
number of people.

Top challenges Environmental As well as air
confronting tourism issues that pollution from an
are taxation, travel increase in the use
effects tourism
marketing, in the continent of fossil fuels,
infrastructure issues, pollution of the land
and security and cross Too many tourism and sea swells in
destinations are not tourist areas and in
border regulations. prepared for visitors.
Tourists or travelers can at tourist seasons.
times deem travel

marketing to be
exaggerated

DTM 10103 – TOURISM GEOGRAPHY

Culture in Malaysia

❑ Teh-tarik or coffee is a must during meals

Be it breakfast, lunch or dinner, a cup of hot ‘teh-tarik’ or ‘kopi-tarik’
is a must for almost every Malaysian, because without it, our meal
would simply be incomplete. Don’t trust us? Just try a cup and you’ll
swear by it every time you’re here.

❑ Ordering food

Being a Malaysian means, you get to “rojak” your
words, and nobody would judge you. When ordering
food in ‘mamak’ shops or hawker stalls, all you need to
say is “Boss, roti canai satu, teh-tarik satu”, and they’ll
know exactly what you’re saying.

❑ Eating with your hands

No fork or spoon could ever make your food taste as
delicious as when eating with your hands. A majority of
Malaysians, especially Malays and Indians often use
bare hands when eating, be it banana leaf rice, KFC
chicken, mixed rice or roti canai.

DTM 10103 – TOURISM GEOGRAPHY

Culture in Malaysia

❑ Hawker stalls/food truck

Believe it or not most of the food you buy from the roadside stalls or food trucks
taste way better than those from the posh restaurants. What makes us a true
Malaysian, is the fact that we wouldn’t even mind queuing up under the hot sun,
at the stalls, for a sweet bowl of ‘cendol’, a plate of ‘rojak’ or for some stir-fried
goodness.

❑ Breakfast meals

Being a Malaysian meant a majority of our breakfast
during school days, were nothing more than a hot cup
of milo and a slice of bread. But on weekends, we grew
up savouring ‘nasi lemak ” and ‘roti telur’, which gave us
all the more reason to look forward to the weekends.

❑ We like it spicy

Thanks to the racial diversity in Malaysia, we get to enjoy
delicious food with a mixture of various flavours and spices. No
matter what eat, we somehow try to incorporate a little gravy or
curry, and if that weren’t the case, then a side dish of ‘cili padi

would do the work.

DTM 10103 – TOURISM GEOGRAPHY

Traditional clothes of Malaysia

❑ Malay

Malay is the most prominent ethnic group in Malaysia. Pakaian is the word for clothing in the
official language. The traditional dress is different for males and females and is usually in bright
and loud colours.

Men: The traditional attire of Malay men is called baju melayu, which is a loose tunic paired with
trousers and a sarong which is known as sampin. Men also wear the traditional hat, called
songkok or kopiah with it. Some men prefer wearing batik shirts with trousers.

Women: The ancient traditional dress for Malay women was kemban, which included sarongs
tied above the chest. The current traditional dress for women is baju kurung, which comprises of
a knee-length, full-sleeved blouse and a long skirt called kain. The skirt is pleated on one side.
This attire is usually accompanied by a scarf on the head. A semi formal version is the kebaya,

which is a skin-fit two piece costume.

DTM 10103 – TOURISM GEOGRAPHY

Traditional clothes of Malaysia

❑ Chinese

Most of the people from the Chinese community residing in Malaysia don’t dress
traditionally. They prefer to dress casual. However, during festivals, specially the
Chinese New Year, they are spotted in traditional outfits.

Men: Although rare, Chinese men in Malaysia wear their traditional dress called
tang suit. Tang suit is a type of jacket that has a collar and a knot at the belly
and is mostly floral. It has been named after the Tang empire, by overseas
Chinese people. The name was suggested because the Tang empire was so
powerful that the foreigners called Chinese “Tang people”.

Women: Chinese women in Malaysia wear cheongsam (means ‘long dress’)
during festivals and formal events. Cheongsam, also called qipao, is a silk one
piece dress with a collar and clasps at the waist, either in the centre or on the
side. Elder women dress in samfoo, which is a type of ankle length pant with a
loose fitted top with clasps at the centre. Another popular traditional outfit is worn
by Chinese women in Malaysia is hanfu, which is a combination of a loose
blouse and a long skirt and a belt sash.

DTM 10103 – TOURISM GEOGRAPHY

Traditional clothes of Malaysia

❑ Indians

Trade between Malaysia and India is quite smooth, because of which
Malaysian Indians get a fair share of traditional clothes from their
country. Thus, the Indians in Malaysia have stuck to their roots in terms
of traditional dresses.

Men: Indian men in Malaysia wear kurta-pyjama, dhoti-kurta or lungi-
kurta. Kurta is typically a knee length shirt. Another popular version of
kurta is sherwani, which is worn during weddings and other festivals.
Dhoti and lungi are types of baggy lowers.

Women: Most Indian women in Malaysia wear saree and blouse. Sari is
a six yard piece of cloth, draped around the body in a way that it looks
like a skirt with pleats in the centre and part of the same cloth covers one
shoulder and hangs below till the knees. Some women also wear salwar
kurta, which is a tunic worn with loose bottoms and long scarf called
dupatta.

DTM 10103 – TOURISM GEOGRAPHY

Traditional clothes of Malaysia

❑ Kadazan

Kadazan is an indegenious ethnic group in Sabah, Malaysia. Their
traditional attires are well conserved since their past

Men: Their traditional dress is a jacket with golden designs, worn
with trousers and a headgear known as siga. The siga is made of
handwoven destar cloth.

Women: Their traditional costume is known as papar and is
basically an embroidered one piece made of gold thread along with
a belt of silver coins. A headgear made of bamboo strips, known as
siung, is also worn. This attire is usually made from black velvet or
silk.

DTM 10103 – TOURISM GEOGRAPHY

Traditional clothes of Malaysia

❑ Iban

The Ibans are an indigenous community in Malaysia. They
are known for their warrior-like outfits and weaving of
colourful, patterned cotton cloths called "pua kumbu".

Men: Iban men have baju burung as their traditional dress.
This is basically a warrior-like outfit having vest on top and
a skirt like woven cloth as the bottom. These men also
wear a silver belt, armlet and anklet and a headgear.

Women: The traditional dress of Iban women is made of
bidang cloth (a cloth used for stitching women’s skirts) and
consists of marek empang (a chest adornment), sugu
tinggi (headgear) and silver accessories including belt,
bangles, etc.

DTM 10103 – TOURISM GEOGRAPHY

Transportation in Malaysia

❑ Monorail

The monorail transportation in Malaysia started as Kuala
Lumpur Monorail System or KL Monorail System on 31st
August 2003, now spreads to the surrounding areas of
Selangor, Pahang, Melaka and Putrajaya. Major shopping
centres including Bukit Bintang, Imbi and Chow Kit are
covered on this route. The KL Monorail line includes 11
stations and covers a distance of 8.6 kms of the city.

The monorail system in Malaysia is quite popular because of
its speed, comfort and low fares. The government promotes
it because it does not cause noise pollution and is easy to
construct.

DTM 10103 – TOURISM GEOGRAPHY

Transportation in Malaysia

❑ Public Bus Operators

1. Go KL City Bus
Go KL City Bus is a free bus service which covers most of the tourist spots in Kuala Lumpur,
including Bukit Bintang, Chinatown, and KLCC. With a frequency of 15 minutes, these pink buses
can be boarded at any stop. Each bus is air-conditioned and has free wifi. There are two buses
operators for the Go KL City Bus Service: Rapid Bus and Konsortium Transnasional.

2. Rapid Bus/Rapid KL
The RapidKL bus service runs on 177 routes across Kuala Lumpur. Recently revamped, this
transport in Malaysia divided its routes into four classes: express routes, city shuttles, trunk routes
and local shuttles. The bus stations also have an information counter, where one can seek help
with the routes. These buses cost up to RM 3, which can be paid as exact change or through TnG
card.

3. Konsortium Transnasional Berhad
Konsortium Transnasional Berhad or KTB is the largest bus operator in Peninsular Malaysia. It
has four types of buses: stage bus called Transnasional, express bus service called Pushliner,
luxury bus service called Nice and a specialized service called Cityliner. KTB has more than 1500
buses which run on 250 routes and take over 1000 trips per day. Hence, this service has the
ability to annually serve over 60 million passengers. Konsortium Transnasional Berhad also has
bus services to and from Singapore.

DTM 10103 – TOURISM GEOGRAPHY

Transportation in Malaysia

❑ Taxis

Taxis are not a frequently used transport in Malaysia. However,
those who want to avoid the crowd and are willing to pay more
avail this facility. Malaysia has two types of taxis - local and long-
distance. Local taxis operate in Kuala Lumpur and can be
boarded from any place in the city. These are red and white or
yellow and blue. Long-distance taxis can be boarded from Pudu
raya bus station. They only operate when the taxi is full of
passengers and are more expensive.

Unfortunately, the taxi drivers in this region are notorious for
refusing to use their meter and overprice passengers, especially
tourists. Tourists are advised to be cautious while using the taxi
service. The taxi fare is always expected to be paid in cash. The
government is trying to dissolve this issue and have a hotline
number (1 800 88 9600) for complaints against drivers charging
extra.

DTM 10103 – TOURISM GEOGRAPHY

Transportation in Malaysia

❑ Bike Rentals

The Malaysian government has been trying to promote the
usage of bicycles since the last few years. Hence, there
are separate blue painted tracks for cyclists in the capital
city. There are several bike rentals to facilitate this mode
of transport in Malaysia. The most famous ones being
oBike, Ecocana, Forest Trek Cycle, and many more.
Various types of bikes are available for transport in
Malaysia, such as city bike, mountain bike, chopper bike,
road bike, kids bike and tandem bike.

DTM 10103 – TOURISM GEOGRAPHY

Transportation in Malaysia

❑ Boats

Since it is an island country, there is a rich system of water transport in
Malaysia. There are five ports: Penang, Port Klang, Kuantan, Kuching and
Kota Kinabalu. Boat services connect the islands, including remote areas.
Apart from boats, small rover crafts and ferries are also operational.
Holiday cruises are available for inter-country transport in Malaysia.

DTM 10103 – TOURISM GEOGRAPHY

Top ten tourist attraction in Malaysia

Petronas Twin Towers Melaka Straits Mosque

Legoland Malaysia Semenggoh Nature Reserve

Panorama Skycab Langkawi Tanjung Aru Beach

Manukan Island Georgetown
Genting Skyway Perhentian Island

DTM 10103 – TOURISM GEOGRAPHY

Demand for tourism in Malaysia

The geographic perspective defines tourism demand as the total number of persons
who travel or wish to travel, and use tourist facilities and services at places away
from their places of work or residence (Cooper et al. 1993).

Variation in tourism demand and inflows is induced by many factors – ranging from
economic and political to social, natural and technological. Some of them are
discussed here briefly. Income in the country of tourists' origin plays an essential role
when it comes to traveling.