JKR
STANDARD
JKR/SIRIM 4:2021
ICS: 13.040.20
Indoor environmental quality (IEQ) for
office buildings
© Copyright 2021
Jabatan Kerja Raya &
SIRIM Berhad
JKR
Jabatan Kerja Raya (JKR) Malaysia is a federal government department in Malaysia under Ministry of
Works Malaysia which is responsible for construction and maintenance of public infrastructure in
Malaysia such as roads, government buildings, schools, hospitals, airports, harbors, piers and related
engineering works.
JKR Malaysia vision is to become a world-class service provider and centre of excellence in asset
management, project management and engineering services for the development of the nation’s
infrastructure through creative and innovative human capital and state-of-the-art technology.
SIRIM
SIRIM Berhad is a premier total solutions provider in quality and technology innovations that helps
industries and businesses to compete better through every step of the business value chain.
SIRIM Berhad is the centre of excellence in standardisation, facilitating industries and businesses in
enhancing their production and competitiveness, protecting consumers’ health and safety, and giving
them the choice for quality products and services.
JKR STANDARD
JKR Standard is developed according to SIRIM standardisation procedures, which are in line with
international practices that ensure appropriate notification of work programmes and participation of
interested parties. As a standards development organisation, SIRIM Berhad has extensive expertise in
standards research and consultancy which helps industries and businesses meet local and international
requirements and practices.
JKR Standard is developed from JKR Malaysia initiatives as a technical advisory in infrastructure
development for the Government of Malaysia through collaboration with SIRIM which provides
requirements, specifications, guidelines or characteristics that can be used to ensure that materials,
products, processes and services are fit for their purpose.
JKR Standard is developed through consensus by established committee, which consists of experts in
the subject matter. The use of this standard is voluntary, and it is open for adoption by regulators,
government agencies, associations, industries, professional bodies, etc.
© Copyright 2021
For further info or enquiries on JKR Standard, please contact:
Training Standards and Consultancy OR Cawangan Kejuruteraan Mekanikal
Development Ibu pejabat Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia
SIRIM STS Sdn Bhd Tingkat 27, Menara Kerja Raya, Blok G,
1, Persiaran Dato’ Menteri Jalan Sultan Salahuddin
Section 2, P.O. Box 7035 50480, Wilayah Persekutuan
40700 Shah Alam Kuala Lumpur
Selangor Darul Ehsan
Tel: 60 3 2610 8888
Tel: 60 3 5544 5179/6909 Fax: 60 3 2618 9510
Email: [email protected] Website: www.jkr.gov.my
http://www.sirimsts.my
JKR/SIRIM 4:2021
Contents
Page
Foreword............................................................................................................................... ii
0 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1
1 Scope........................................................................................................................... 1
2 Normative references ................................................................................................... 1
3 Terms and definitions ................................................................................................... 2
4 General ........................................................................................................................ 4
5 Requirements for Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) .................................................. 6
6 Housekeeping of buildings ......................................................................................... 19
7 Safety and health ....................................................................................................... 20
8 Assessment................................................................................................................ 21
Annex A Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) elements summary……………………..……23
Annex B Operation and maintenance schedule for IEQ elements……...……………..……24
Annex C Mould prevention tests....................................................................................... 32
Annex D Cleaning activities.............................................................................................. 35
Annex E Pre-occupancy evaluation.................................................................................. 37
Annex F Post-occupancy evaluation ................................................................................ 40
Bibliography ........................................................................................................................ 47
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Foreword
This standard was developed by the Project Committee on Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)
established by SIRIM Berhad.
This standard was developed with the following objectives:
a) to provide general guidance on improving the indoor environmental quality of air-
conditioned office buildings based on selected parameters in accordance with the current
technical requirements and best practices to improve occupants’ health, comfort,
satisfaction and productivity; and
b) to educate, promote and create awareness among the stakeholders on indoor
environmental quality of air-conditioned office buildings.
This standard will be subjected to review to reflect current needs and conditions. Users and
other interested parties may submit comments on the contents of this standard for
consideration into future versions.
Information to assist users of the standard
For the purposes of this standard, the following ISO definitions have been adopted regarding
verbal forms for the expression of provisions:
a) “shall” indicates an auditable requirement: it is used to indicate requirements strictly to
be followed in order to conform to the document and from which no deviation is permitted;
b) “should” indicates a recommendation: it is used to indicate that among several
possibilities one is recommended as particularly suitable, without mentioning or excluding
others, or that a certain course of action is preferred but not necessarily required, or that
(in the negative form) a certain possibility or course of action is deprecated but not
prohibited;
c) “may” indicates a permission: it is used to indicate a course of action permissible within
the limits of the document; and
d) “can” indicates a possibility or a capability: it is used for statements of possibility and
capability, whether material, physical or causal.
Compliance with this standard does not by itself grant immunity from legal obligations.
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Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) for office buildings
0. Introduction
Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) plays an important role in the health and comfort of
building occupants. Good IEQ can lead to improved productivity at the workplace, while poor
IEQ will reduce productivity due to discomfort and illness. Sick building syndrome (SBS) and
building related illness (BRI) have long been recognized as consequences of poor indoor
environmental quality.
Part of the key success or failure of a project rests on its IEQ. Without proper design,
construction, operation and maintenance, buildings can quickly become a source of
distraction, discomfort and even illness. Effective management of the IEQ in buildings is
important to the occupants’ health, comfort, satisfaction and productivity. Understanding the
indoor environmental sources and influences and controlling them can often help prevent or
resolve sick building syndrome (SBS) and building related illness (BRI).
1. Scope
This standard specifies requirements for air-conditioned office buildings to achieve good
indoor environmental quality (IEQ). It includes requirements for indoor air quality, acoustic
comfort, thermal comfort, visual comfort, safety and health, housekeeping, and assessments.
It is applicable to new and existing building projects in all phases, i.e. design, construction,
and operation and maintenance.
2. Normative references
The following normative references are indispensable for the application of this standard. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of
the normative reference (including any amendments) applies.
Electricity Supply Act 1990
Electricity Regulations 1994
Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994
Occupational Safety and Health (Use and Standards of Exposure of Chemicals Hazardous to
Health) Regulations 2000
Occupational Safety and Health (Noise Exposure) Regulations 2019
Poisons Act 1952
The Control of Tobacco Product Regulations 2004
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ISO 16890-1, Air Filters for General Ventilation - Part 1: Technical Specifications,
Requirements and Classification System Based Upon Particulate Matter Efficiency (EPM)
ISO 29463-1, High Efficiency Filters and Filter Media for Removing Particles from Air - Part 1:
Classification, Performance, Testing and Marking
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2, Method of Testing General Ventilation Air-Cleaning Devices
for Removal Efficiency by Particle Size
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55, Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1, Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 111, Measurement, Testing, Adjusting and Balancing of Building
HVAC Systems
ASHRAE Indoor Air Quality Guide, Best Practices for Design, Construction, and
Commissioning
ASHRAE Application Handbook, within Chapter on Noise/Sound and Vibration Control
MS ISO 8995, Lighting of indoor work places
MS 1525, Energy Efficiency and Use of Renewable Energy for Non-residential Buildings -
Code of Practice
DOSH Guidelines on Control of Molds Contamination and Remediation
Government Building Scheduled Maintenance Guidelines (GBSMG)
Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for Lighting at workplace (DOSH)
Guideline for Environmental Noise Limits and Control 2004 (DOE)
JKR Guidelines on the Prevention of Mould Growth in Buildings
Industry Code of Practice on Indoor Air Quality (DOSH)
Industry Code of Practice for Management of Occupational Noise Exposure and Hearing
Conservation 2019 (DOSH)
3. Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 air-conditioned office buildings
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Buildings or any part of the building or totally enclosed areas served by air conditioning and
mechanical ventilating system (ACMV) including unitary unit where there are occupants at
work.
3.2 Air Handling Unit (AHU)
Component of an air conditioning and mechanical ventilation (ACMV) system that distributes
cooled air into the building space.
3.3 artificial lighting
Human-made light and can emanate from sources including fire, candlelight, gaslight, electric
lamps etc.
3.4 building flush-out
Process whereby outdoor air is forced through a building to force indoor air out for a period of
time in order to remove or reduce pollutants and to improve indoor air quality.
3.5 building owner
Person(s), company, corporation, authority, commission, board, governmental entity,
institution, owner, lessee, or any other entity that holds title to the subject building or facility.
3.6 end-user
Occupant who uses the building on a permanent or long-term basis.
3.7 facility manager
Person or company appointed by building owner who is responsible for the security,
maintenance and services of work facilities to ensure that they meet the needs of the building
owner and its occupants.
3.8 indoor air
Air in an enclosed occupiable space.
3.8.1 indoor air quality
Quality of indoor air that describe physical characteristics, chemical characteristics and airborne
constituents with the special concern for the impact on occupant health and comfort.
3.9 Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)
Quality of indoor environmental elements that contributes to the health, comfort, satisfaction
and productivity of occupants inside occupied space.
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3.10 Legionella
Genus of pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria that includes the species L. pneumophila,
causing legionellosis (all illnesses caused by Legionella) that is commonly associated with
outbreaks linked to poorly maintained artificial water systems, particularly cooling towers or
evaporative condensers associated with air conditioning and industrial cooling, hot and cold
water systems in public and private buildings, and whirlpool spas.
3.11 noise
Noise is an undesirable sound that is considered unpleasant or interfering with hearing.
3.12 outdoor air
Ambient air that enters a building through a ventilation system, through intentional openings
for natural ventilation, or by infiltration.
3.13 thermal comfort
Condition of mind which expresses satisfaction with the thermal environment.
NOTE. The environmental conditions required for comfort are not the same for everyone. When a space is occupied
by a group of people, it is beyond the bound of possibilities to satisfy everyone’s thermal comforts due to differences
in their physiological and psychological needs. The acceptable thermal comfort limit as recommended in ASHRAE
Standard 55, Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy is when 80 % or more of the occupants do
not express dissatisfaction.
4. General
4.1 Design phase
During the planning and design process, all projects shall have a comprehensive, integrated
perspective that covers the following:
a) facilitate attainment of good IEQ through implementation of good design practices;
b) ACMV system and building envelope shall be designed to prevent the intrusion of moisture
and microbial (e.g bacteria, fungi/mould etc.) growth;
c) external factors/environment, such as ambient temperature, moisture content, site
location, brownfield, air velocity, soil condition etc.;
d) value aesthetic decisions, such as the importance of views and the integration of natural
and man-made elements;
e) provide thermal comfort with a maximum degree of personal control over temperature,
humidity and air movement;
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f) provide adequate ventilation and supply adequate amount of outdoor air to ensure indoor
air quality;
g) avoid the use of materials high in pollutants, such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
or toxins, and use low emitting materials;
h) ensure acoustic privacy and comfort through the recommended internal noise levels
which can be achieved using sound absorbing material and equipment isolation;
i) control disturbing odours through contaminant isolation and selection, and appropriate air
cleaning products; and
j) create a high-performance luminous environment through the integration of natural and
artificial light sources.
4.2 Construction phase
4.2.1 During the construction phase, environmental factors that can influence IEQ shall
always be taken into consideration. Critical matters that need to be considered are as below.
a) Building, material and equipment to be constructed shall be as per approved design and
materials.
b) All relevant external factors/environment, such as ambient temperature, moisture content,
site location, brownfield, air velocity, soil condition etc.;
c) All floor shall be constructed to be watertight to prevent water seepage. Water leakage in
the building shall be rectified immediately.
4.3 Operation and maintenance phase
4.3.1 Building owner or facility manager shall plan, operate and maintain the building to
ensure good IEQ through:
a) application of good operational practices;
b) using low emitting material;
c) implementation of appropriate planned periodic maintenance;
d) appropriate arrangement of furniture;
e) establishment and implementation of relevant standard operating procedures;
f) ongoing awareness activity; and
g) periodic self-assessment.
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5. Requirements for indoor environmental quality (IEQ)
IEQ consists of the following elements:
a) indoor air quality;
b) acoustic comfort;
c) thermal comfort; and
d) visual comfort.
5.1 Indoor air quality (IAQ)
5.1.1 The building design should follow ASHRAE Indoor Air Quality Guide, Best Practices
for Design, Construction, and Commissioning.
5.1.2 The quality of indoor air shall meet the requirements of Industry Code of Practice on
Indoor Air Quality (DOSH).
5.1.3 Air ventilation
5.1.3.1 All air conditioning and mechanical ventilation (ACMV) systems shall be designed
to meet the higher of the minimum ventilation rates and other measures intended to provide
IAQ that is acceptable to occupants and that minimise adverse health effects as specified in
Schedule 3, Uniform Building by Laws (UBBL) or the ASHRAE Standard 62.1 Ventilation for
Acceptable Indoor Air Quality.
5.1.3.2 The outdoor air intake for the purpose of ventilation shall be properly located to avoid
taking in contaminated outdoor air such as, but not limited to, air from kitchen exhaust, cooling
tower, toilet, refuse collector, fume cupboard exhaust and waste disposal area.
NOTE. Outdoor air intakes need to be located:
a) at least 7.6 m (25 ft) from plume discharges and upwind (prevailing wind) of cooling towers, evaporative
condensers, and fluid coolers; and
b) at least 4.6 m (15 ft) away from intakes or basins of cooling towers, evaporative condensers and fluid coolers.
5.1.3.3 The installation of the ACMV system shall be supervised, properly tested and
commissioned to ensure it operates as designed.
5.1.3.4 The air conditioning system shall be maintained, controlled and monitored to ensure
adequate air ventilation. The system should be periodically tested in accordance with
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 111, Measurement, Testing, Adjusting and Balancing of Building
HVAC Systems.
5.1.3.5 The building owner shall have an effective operation and maintenance schedule for
maintaining the outdoor air performance in the building as described in Annex B. The
procedure shall be properly documented and maintained.
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5.1.3.6 In situations where unitary air-conditioners (without ventilation features) are
installed and infiltration of outdoor air into the air-conditioned space is deemed to be
insufficient against the acceptable limit specified in Industry Code of Practice on Indoor Air
Quality (DOSH), additional ventilation should be introduced using systems such as the
dedicated outdoor air system (DOAS) or other suitable system/method. The system ventilation
rate shall be the higher of the values as determined in accordance to Schedule 3 of UBBL or
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1, Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality.
5.1.3.7 Alternatively, for improvement of ventilation, the total number of occupants in the
air-conditioned space could also be reduced accordingly to comply with the acceptable limit
listed in Industry Code of Practice on Indoor Air Quality. The higher of the values specified in
Schedule 3 of UBBL or ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1, Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air
Quality, can be used to estimate the maximum number of occupants.
5.1.4 Mould prevention
5.1.4.1 The building shall be designed to ensure architectural, structural and mechanical
elements are well considered to prevent fungal/mould growth in accordance with JKR
Guideline on the Prevention of Mould Growth in Buildings and DOSH Guidelines on Control
of Molds Contamination and Remediation.
5.1.4.2 Building materials and equipment shall be of good quality and shall not promote
mould growth (e.g. materials with low moisture absorption rate, porous materials etc.).
5.1.4.3 ACMV equipment and accessories shall be selected and installed according to
approved specification and design requirements.
NOTE. Establishing comprehensive ACMV equipment installation guidelines covering equipment selection, proper
duct installation, use of low VOC sealants, drain pan gradient, collar joint, control valve and signal will ensure the
achievement of good mould control for a building project.
5.1.4.4 Upon completion of building construction, a testing and commissioning procedure
shall be established. The testing and commissioning for the building shall be done and shall
specifically cover the following elements. Refer to Annex C.
a) air balancing;
b) water balancing;
c) control system;
d) water leakage test; and
e) building envelope.
5.1.4.5 The building owner and/or facility manager shall establish an effective preventive
maintenance programme to avoid mould growth in the building. The preventive maintenance
programme shall include:
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a) regular inspection of all critical components of the ACMV system such as dampers, fans,
belts, ductwork, diffusers and the control system;
b) regular inspections for conditions such as water leaks or stagnant water pools that could
promote the growth of micro-organisms;
c) correction of any deficiencies found during inspections;
d) repair or replacement of malfunctioning components, replacement of consumables such
as filters and cleaning of air distribution systems, ducts and dampers;
e) adequate treatment of open loop water system associated with ACMV equipment, such
as cooling tower and dehumidifiers, to control biological growth;
f) regular housekeeping scheduling of all furniture and carpet; and
g) adjustment and calibration of control system components and replacement of faulty
components as and when necessary.
5.1.4.6 The building owner and/or facility manager shall have an effective operation and
maintenance schedule for preventing mould growth in the building as described in Annex B.
The procedure shall be properly documented and maintained.
5.1.5 Indoor air quality requirements
5.1.5.1 Prohibition of smoking in office building premises shall be adhered to as specified in
The Control of Tobacco Product Regulations 2004.
5.1.5.2 Exposure to formaldehyde or any carcinogen sourced from equipment or building
materials shall not exceed the acceptable limit specified in Industry Code of Practice on Indoor
Air Quality (DOSH).
5.1.5.3 Acceptable limit for other air pollutants, physical parameters (i.e. temperature,
relative humidity and air movement) and biological parameters in a building shall comply with
Industry Code of Practice on Indoor Air Quality (DOSH).
5.1.6 Indoor air pollutants control
5.1.6.1 Indoor air pollutants control shall be done properly to reduce risk to occupants’ health
from furnishes, moisture, odours, smoke, heat, dust, biological contaminants, carbon
monoxide and/or carbon dioxide.
5.1.6.2 Requirements for effective indoor air pollutants control shall be in accordance to
Table 1.
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Table 1. Requirements for effective indoor air pollutants control
Type of air pollutant Requirements
Volatile organic compound a) Use either zero or low VOC materials for floors (e.g. heavy-
(VOC) duty flooring at mechanical and electrical rooms etc.), walls
(e.g. paint, coating, adhesive materials etc.), ceiling,
equipment (e.g. duct insulation etc.), fittings and fixtures,
furnishings and finishes.
b) Avoid using VOC materials with site-applied paints or
coatings.
Formaldehyde c) Whenever the paint remover is applied, make sure that paint
Environmental tobacco stripper does not contain methylene chloride.
smoke (ETS)
Avoid using building materials that contain formaldehyde for
Legionella pneumophilia example composite products, furniture and furnishings etc.
a) Prohibition of smoking in office buildings.
b) Appropriate signage for prohibition of smoking shall be
displayed in the office area.
a) Proper maintenance and monitoring of cooling tower shall be
conducted regularly and shall be carried out as specified in
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 188 Legionellosis: Risk
Management for Building Water Systems.
Biological contaminants b) Open/closed cooling tower systems shall be treated to limit
(i.e. bacteria and fungi) the growth of microbiological contaminants.
Odour Ensure the level of biological contaminants (i.e. total bacterial
counts and total fungal counts) are within the acceptable limits
as specified in Industry Code of Practice on Indoor Air Quality
(DOSH).
a) Use either zero or low odour indoor paints, coatings, primers
and adhesives in internal areas.
b) Waste disposal area is designed properly and located at a
suitable location to avoid unpleasant odour from entering the
building.
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Table 1. Requirements for effective indoor air pollutants control (continued)
Type of air pollutant Requirements
Ozone
a) Avoid using office equipment (e.g. photocopiers, printers, air-
purifier, ozoniser etc.) that generate high ozone levels or
isolate such equipment in dedicated room with good
ventilation, away from the occupants.
b) Usage of eco-friendly office equipment should be
considered.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) c) Ensure the ozone level is within the acceptable limit as
specified in Industry Code of Practice on Indoor Air Quality
(DOSH).
a) Ensure the CO2 level is within the acceptable limit as
specified in Industry Code of Practice on Indoor Air Quality
(DOSH).
b) Provide CO2 monitoring system to monitor the amount of CO2
for office areas.
Carbon monoxide (CO) c) The maximum number of occupants in the room shall be
based on schedule 3 of UBBL or ANSI/ASHRAE Standard
62.1, Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality whichever
is higher.
a) Ensure the CO level is within the acceptable limit as specified
in Industry Code of Practice on Indoor Air Quality (DOSH).
Respirable particulate b) Provide CO monitoring system to monitor the amount of CO
for basement carpark and other affected office areas.
Ensure the respirable particulate level is within the acceptable
limit as specified in Industry Code of Practice on Indoor Air
Quality (DOSH).
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Table 1. Requirements for effective indoor air pollutants control (concluded)
Type of air pollutant Requirements
Air-borne infectious a) Building owners shall control the outbreaks using
aerosols and virus outbreak engineering control techniques as follows to control the air
quality and prevent the spread of virus:
i) Increasing the ventilation rates or decrease occupant
density.
ii) Using high efficiency filter as recommended in
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2, Method of Testing
General Ventilation Air-Cleaning Devices for Removal
Efficiency by Particle Size, ISO 16890-1, Air Filters for
General Ventilation - Part 1: Technical Specifications,
Requirements and Classification System Based Upon
Particulate Matter Efficiency (EPM) or ISO 29463-1.
iii) Provide equipment with air treatments systems.
b) Air-borne infectious aerosols and virus outbreak guidance
documents issued by relevant authorities should also be
adhered to.
c) Preventive measures to reduce disease transmission (e.g.
wearing of personal protective equipment, temperature
checks, frequently washing hands, and carrying out regular
disinfection of high-touch points within the building etc.) shall
be in place as specified in the public health guidance.
5.1.7 Building flush-out
5.1.7.1 Building flush-out shall be conducted by the:
a) building owner or contractor prior to the occupancy of a new building;
b) building owner, facility manager or end-user for an unoccupied existing building; and
c) building owner, facility manager or end-user for a newly renovated building.
5.1.7.2 Building flush-out should also be conducted by the building owner, facility manager
or end-user periodically to remove odours and/or respirable particulate/ indoor air pollutants,
whenever necessary.
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5.1.8 Air treatment
5.1.8.1 The air-conditioned area shall be treated by appropriate air treatment system or air
cleaning technologies to eliminate pollutants, e.g. high efficiency filter, ultraviolet germicidal
irradiation, electronic air cleaner, cooling coil treatment, magnetised air filtration, ioniser,
oxidiser, gas phase air filtration, carbon filters, etc.
5.1.8.2 The air treatment system shall be installed either within the AHU, fan coil unit (FCU)
or ductwork to provide clean and healthy air to the space.
5.1.8.3 The installation of air treatment system shall be supervised, properly tested and
commissioned to ensure it operates as intended.
5.1.8.4 Maintenance of air treatment system components in the AHU/FCU shall be carried
out by ACMV contractors registered with CIDB or equipment suppliers/specialists for the
following but not limited to:
i) regular inspection of air treatment system components such as filter, UV light, ballast,
multiple-enzyme coating, carbon processor etc.;
ii) correction of any deficiencies found during inspections;
iii) repair or replacement of malfunctioning and consumable components such as filter, UV
light, ballast, multiple-enzyme coating, carbon processor etc.;
iv) adjustment and calibration of control system components; and
v) cleaning of internal duct to prevent dust and particulates from getting into the air and
landing on clean surfaces.
5.2 Acoustic comfort
Noise exposure in office buildings shall comply to Occupational Safety and Health (Noise
Exposure) Regulations 2019 and Industry Code of Practice for Management of Occupational
Noise Exposure and Hearing Conservation.
5.2.1 Internal noise and vibration control
5.2.1.1 Adequate noise and vibration control should be as specified in ASHRAE Application
Handbook within Chapter on Noise/Sound and Vibration Control where applicable and as a
minimum performance requirement.
5.2.1.2 Internal noise level throughout the building should be maintained at an acceptable
and tolerable level as specified in Table 2 below. While achieving the required noise level,
the noise spectrum shall also be free from any tonal spectrum content.
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Table 2. Recommended internal noise level limit
Maximum desirable levels
Area LAeq
(dBA)*
NC-RC level
Board rooms 30 35
Conference rooms 35 40
Teleconference rooms 25 30
Executive offices 40 45
General offices 40 45
Reception rooms 45 50
General open offices 45 50
Drafting rooms 45 50
Halls and corridors 60 65
Tabulation and computation area 50 55
Multi-purpose halls 30 35
Musalla/ praying room 35 40
Cafeterias 50 55
Gymnasiums 45 50
Outside mechanical plant room 70 75
NOTE. *Maximum permissible limits: Background existing levels + 5 dBA
SOURCE. ASHRAE Application Handbook within Chapter on Noise/Sound and Vibration Control
5.2.1.3 Actions below should be adopted to reduce noise sourced from office equipment and
external sources.
a) Noise generating plant and equipment is located away from sensitive areas such as
meeting rooms, teleconference rooms etc.
b) Low emitting noise office equipment is used in office buildings.
c) Centralised printer, facsimile machine and photocopier is located in a specific zone.
d) Windows and walls are double glazed to reduce radiated noise.
e) Ventilation inlets on the sides of the building are located away from the principal noise
sources.
f) Sound absorption and acoustic barriers are used to provide privacy, where needed.
5.2.1.4 Acoustic treatment should be done in office rooms especially in sensitive areas such
as meeting rooms, teleconference rooms etc., to avoid sound resonance and/or echo. The
insulation of walls shall be appropriate to reduce outside noises, noises from room to room
and between different levels of the building whilst not compromising the appearance and
aesthetics of the room.
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5.2.1.5 Rooms with mechanical and electrical equipment that produce low frequency noise
and/or vibration that consequently cause vibration of building elements or structures, shall be
located away from sensitive areas such as meeting rooms, teleconference rooms etc.
5.2.1.6 Attenuation devices should be installed at the source of low frequency noise (e.g.
exhaust stacks, blowout points, etc.) of all new or retrofitted building.
5.2.1.7 The use of solid/heavier/higher density material that is able to decrease sound
transmission should be considered during design stage to improve acoustic performance in
noise generating rooms.
5.2.1.8 Acoustic block as load bearing units should be incorporated with reinforcement
design.
5.2.1.9 The building owner shall provide effective operation and maintenance schedule for
maintaining good acoustic performance in the building as described in Annex B. The
procedure shall be properly documented and maintained.
5.2.1.10 The building owner or facility manager shall conduct noise level assessment using
appropriate measurement tools such as sound level meter and vibration meter, whenever
there is a complaint. Maximum limit of noise level should comply with Table 2.
5.3 Thermal comfort
5.3.1 ACMV system shall be designed with a high level of thermal comfort system controlled
by an individual occupant or by specific groups in multi-occupant spaces to enhance the
productivity, comfort and well-being of occupants.
5.3.2 Physical parameters that can affect thermal comfort (i.e. temperature, relative humidity
and air movement) shall comply with Industry Code of Practice on Indoor Air Quality (DOSH)
requirements and should comply with MS 1525, Energy Efficiency and Use of Renewable
Energy for Non-residential Buildings - Code of Practice. Other best practices and standards
such as ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55 – Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human
Occupancy may be referred to.
NOTE. Mean radiant temperature (MRT) also has a significant effect on thermal comfort. The adjacent area to the
perimeter wall may have higher mean radiant temperature than the rest of the place.
5.3.3 Regular monitoring/inspection of waterside and airside conditions/components of the
ACMV system (e.g. chilled water temperature, chilled water pump, motorised valve, cooling
coil temperature, air filter, AHU fan, thermostat, duct air speed, volume and balancing, control
signal cabling /wiring); and adjustment and calibration of control system components shall be
conducted as specified in ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 111, Measurement, Testing, Adjusting and
Balancing of Building HVAC Systems. Repair or replacement shall be done if the system is
found to be faulty or malfunctioning.
5.3.4 Re-balancing of the ACMV air distribution system shall be conducted after any change
of the internal partition design of the building and/or the functional use of the space.
14 © JKR and SIRIM Berhad 2021 - All rights reserved
JKR/SIRIM 4:2021
5.3.5 The building owner shall establish and implement an effective operation and
maintenance schedule for maintaining good thermal comfort in the building as described in
Annex B. The procedure shall be properly documented and maintained.
5.4 Visual comfort
To ensure that the workplace has a safe and comfortable visual working environment, best
practices in Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for Lighting at workplace (DOSH)
should be followed.
5.4.1 Daylighting
5.4.1.1 In achieving visual comfort, optimum and equal distribution of daylighting to prevent
severe direct glare and encourage diffuse light into the building shall be emphasized. Best
design practice for daylight factor should be as described in MS 1525, Energy Efficiency and
Use of Renewable Energy for Non-residential Buildings - Code of Practice.
5.4.1.2 Appropriate strategies shall be established for allowing light to penetrate deeper,
preventing severe direct glare and high brightness ratios, and encouraging diffuse light.
5.4.1.3 The recommended daylight factor in the building can also be achieved by the
following strategies.
a) Orient the building in the North-South direction for better light quality and to avoid glare.
b) If a North-South orientation is not possible, fenestration, shading devices, and internal
blinds should be installed to prevent direct solar radiation and glare.
c) Install windows on more than one wall to improve light distribution, and the windows should
face adjacent interior walls to reduce strong daylighting directionality.
d) Use a narrow building layout to ensure even distribution of daylight. If it is unavoidable,
use central atria or courtyards that are proportionate to the building's height.
e) For maximum daylighting and visual comfort, an open plan concept with low internal
partitions is recommended. Non-habitable spaces should be kept away from the building's
façade.
f) For deep building plans, provide roof lighting strategies to allow uniform daylight
illumination.
g) Use external and internal light shelves to deflect daylight from the outside while also
smoothing it deeper into the space.
h) To reflect more light into the building, use light colors on both indoor and outdoor walls.
5.4.1.4 The average illuminance level for visual comfort in the building are as recommended
in MS 1525, Energy Efficiency and Use of Renewable Energy for Non-residential Buildings -
Code of Practice and it is best to achieve by utilising daylight into the building.
© JKR and SIRIM Berhad 2021 - All rights reserved 15
JKR/SIRIM 4:2021
5.4.1.5 Computer simulation may be used during design stage to simulate the illuminance
level as required.
5.4.2 View
5.4.2.1 The view towards the exterior of the building may help in promoting occupant’s
health and wellbeing during working hours. Therefore, open office layout should be zoned
nearer to the building perimeter.
5.4.2.2 Non-usable space or storage areas should be located far from window/facade in
order to get maximum daylight and external views.
5.4.2.3 The use of night or blackout curtain is not recommended to avoid blockage of
daylight and view.
5.4.3 Glare control
5.4.3.1 The main building façade should be designed to avoid facing east and west, and to
emphasise facing north and south. If facing east and west is unavoidable, window-to-wall ratio
(WWR) for the façade shall be as specified in MS 1525, Energy Efficiency and Use of
Renewable Energy for Non-residential Buildings - Code of Practice.
5.4.3.2 Shading devices and light shelves should be used to create diffuse light and control
glare into the building. Use of blinds, removable screen, curtains or tinted film/glass can also
be considered.
5.4.3.3 Internal glare from highly reflective materials or equipment should be avoided or
positioned appropriately.
5.4.4 Artificial lighting
5.4.4.1 Artificial lighting shall satisfy the quantitative and qualitative aspects demanded by
the occupant as follows.
a) Visual comfort, where the occupant has a feeling of well-being.
b) Visual performance, where the occupant can perform visual tasks speedily and
accurately, even under difficult circumstances, and for long periods.
c) Visual safety, where occupant is able to detect hazards.
5.4.4.2 The criteria below shall be considered to ensure good artificial lighting design.
a) Luminance distribution
Well-balanced luminance distribution shall be met to avoid glare, visual fatigue and dull and
non-stimulating working environment which affect task visibility.
16 © JKR and SIRIM Berhad 2021 - All rights reserved
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b) Illuminance
All luminance should meet the illumination level stated in MS 1525.
c) Glare
Open luminaires shall be fitted with louvers whose cut off angle is sufficient to prevent the
lamp being seen at normal angle of view.
NOTE. It is important to limit the glare to avoid errors, fatigue and accidents.
d) Lighting flicker
High frequency ballasts should be used to eliminate the 50 Hz lamp flicker to ensure visual
comfort.
e) Colour aspects
The colour qualities of a near-white light source are characterised by two attributes as below.
i) colour appearance of the light; and
ii) colour rendering capabilities, which affect the colour appearance of objects and
persons.
Suitable color aspects of lighting should be considered because it may affect the colour
appearance of objects and persons.
f) Colour appearance
The colour appearance of a light source refers to the apparent colour (chromaticity) of the light
emitted. It is cagetorised by its correlated colour temperature (TCP). Colour appearance of
artificial light can also be described as in Table 3.
Table 3. Light source colour appearance groups
Colour appearance Correlated colour temperature TCP
Warm < 3 300 K
Intermediate 3 300 to 5 300 K
Cool
> 5 300 K
The choice of colour appearance is a matter of psychology, aesthetics and what is considered
to be natural. The choice will depend on illuminance level, colours of the room
and furniture, surrounding climate and the application. In warm climates, generally a cooler
light colour appearance is preferred, whereas in cold climates a warmer light colour
appearance is preferred.
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JKR/SIRIM 4:2021
g) Colour rendering
For visual performance and the feeling of comfort and well-being colours in the environment,
of objects and of human skin, shall be rendered with sufficient accuracy according to the task
requirements.
To provide an objective indication of the colour rendering properties of a light source, the
general colour rendering index (CRI) is used. The minimum value of CRI 80 shall be
considered. Lamps with CRI less than 80 should not be used in interiors where people work
or stay for long periods.
5.4.4.3 Design values for quantifiable parameters of illuminance, discomfort, glare and
colour rendering shall comply with Table 4.
Table 4. Requirements for parameters of illuminance and colour rendering
Factor Florescent LED
Wattage 14 - 54 8 - 22
Output (lumens) 1 000 - 3 000
Efficacy (lumen/watt) 1 200 - 4 450 100 - 150
Lumen maintenance 60 - 105
Lamp life (hours) 70 70
CRI 40 000 - 50 000
12 000 - 24 000
70 - 90 70 - 90
5.4.4.4 The luminance of all surfaces is important and will be determined by the reflectance
of and the illuminance of the surfaces. The range of useful reflectance for the major interior
surfaces shall meet the requirements given in Table 5 below.
Table 5. Range of useful reflectance for major interior surfaces
Interior surfaces Range of useful reflectance
Ceiling 0.6 - 0.9
Wall 0.3 - 0.8
Working plane 0.2 - 0.6
Floor 0.1 - 0.5
5.4.4.5 Maintenance of artificial lights
5.4.4.5.1 The lighting scheme should be designed with a maintenance factor of not less than
0.7, calculated for the selected lighting equipment, space environment and specified
maintenance schedule as recommended in MS ISO 8995, Lighting of indoor work places.
5.4.4.5.2 The building owner or building manager should maintain the illuminance of artificial
lighting as per the design assumptions.
18 © JKR and SIRIM Berhad 2021 - All rights reserved
JKR/SIRIM 4:2021
6. Housekeeping of buildings
6.1 Housekeeping refers to the general internal cleaning of buildings, including the floors,
walls, ceiling, equipment, fittings and fixtures, furnishings, finishes and other surfaces.
Housekeeping activities shall be as below.
a) Aim to eliminate dust and dirt through housekeeping activities such as carpet vacuuming,
removal of dust from surfaces and air grilles etc.
b) Using products and methods that minimise the introduction of pollutants into the
building. Less harmful chemicals, such as low VOC chemicals, shall be used according to
their safety data sheets. Chemical health risk assessments shall be conducted prior to use
of chemicals hazardous to health during housekeeping. Use of green/eco-certified
cleaning materials should be considered.
c) Tasks related to housekeeping activities shall be safe to the person who perform the
activity and to the occupants. Occupational safety and health requirements shall be
followed.
d) Appropriate planning and scheduling of housekeeping activity, and adequate training of
cleaning staff and his/her performance monitoring shall be done to ensure the
housekeeping activities are being carried out in a proper manner.
6.2 Safe working procedure and frequency of housekeeping shall be determined based on
the building operation and usage. The procedure shall be properly documented and
maintained.
6.3 Housekeeping equipment, materials and chemicals shall be kept properly in a
designated area.
6.4 Whenever chemicals are used in housekeeping activity, the housekeeping team shall
liaise with building facility manager to increase the air ventilation rate of the space. Building
flush-out may be conducted, if necessary.
6.5 General cleaning of the building’s surrounding area should be conducted to reduce the
likelihood of dirt and/or pollutants from the vicinity from entering the building.
6.6 Prior to commissioning of the building, major housekeeping shall be performed by the
contractor. The entire building especially the ACMV parts and equipment (such as air duct,
AHU, filter, diffuser, etc.) shall be cleaned properly before operation starts.
6.7 Daily housekeeping activities during renovation of buildings shall be done to ensure
cleanliness and comfort of the occupants by keeping the work area clean and dry. Sweeping
of dirt/dust shall be avoided.
6.8 To remove indoor air contamination, specific cleaning activities shall be conducted as
described in Annex D.
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JKR/SIRIM 4:2021
6.9 Pest control
6.9.1 Effective pest control measures shall be in place for inside and outside of the building
surrounding area to ensure the comfort and health of the building occupants.
6.9.2 Determination of pest control measures such as selection of pesticides (i.e. organic or
non-toxic pesticides etc.) and frequency of pest control activity shall be based on the size of
the building/area, type of pest and extent of the pest problem potentially occurring in the area.
6.9.3 All pest control activities shall be in accordance with the requirements of Poisons Act
1952 and Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 to ensure safety and health of occupants
and workers.
6.9.4 Pesticides/baits shall not be placed in the AHU room to avoid the spread of harmful
materials inside the building.
6.9.5 Chemical pest control activities shall be done during periods when the building
occupants are not present.
7. Safety and health
7.1 General
7.1.1 Renovation works shall follow the requirements of Occupational Safety and Health Act
1994 with regards to safety and health to ensure safety and health of occupants and workers.
7.1.2 Specific area within an occupied building that undergoes renovation shall be properly
isolated from other zones. The ventilation system of the affected space shall be isolated from
the main system, if necessary, to maintain good indoor air quality within the building.
7.1.3 The ACMV system that has been affected by renovation work (e.g. by partitioning of
office space) shall undergo duct cleaning and rebalancing of air distribution after renovation
work completed.
7.1.4 All safe working procedure shall comply with the Electricity Supply Act 1990 and
Electricity Regulations 1994.
7.2 Dust control
7.2.1 To control dust, the following actions shall be given specific priority to ensure a safe
and healthy environment:
a) Use temporary barriers to separate renovation work areas from occupied areas and
contain renovation activities that produce a lot of dust.
b) Provide walk-off mats for workers to prevent tracking dust and contaminants from the
renovation area.
20 © JKR and SIRIM Berhad 2021 - All rights reserved
JKR/SIRIM 4:2021
c) Cover ductwork and cover open grilles to protect dust from spreading.
d) Carry out regular sweeping and mopping.
e) Arrange renovation works schedule to limit occupant exposure to renovation area e.g.
undertake work during periods of low occupancy.
f) Use temporary exhaust ventilation during renovation work if applicable.
7.2.2 The permissible limit for dust particles generated from renovation works shall below
the particle’s permissible exposure limit as stipulated in Schedule 1, Occupational Safety and
Health (Use and Standards of Exposure of Chemicals Hazardous to Health) Regulations 2000.
7.3 Noise control
7.3.1 Noise pollution is unwanted sounds that can affect an occupant’s health and
productivity, Negative impacts of noise on an occupant’s behaviour and health include stress,
aggression, high blood pressure, sleep loss and hearing loss. To prevent negative effect of
noise, owners or managers should:
a) properly planned and schedule any renovation works (e.g. carry out the renovation
works on holiday or after office hours); and
b) administer noise buffer measures.
7.3.2 The permissible limit for noise generated from renovation works shall follow the
minimum requirement of Occupational Safety and Health (Noise Exposure) Regulations 2019,
Industry Code of Practice for Management of Occupational Noise Exposure and Hearing
Conservation 2019 (DOSH) and Guideline for Environmental Noise Limits and Control 2004
(DOE).
8. Assessment
8.1 General
8.1.1 Building owners shall establish and implement proper methods for the assessment of
the IEQ performance of buildings. Assessments shall be carried out in an organised and
systematic manner and shall be based on established sampling methods.
8.1.2 Assessments shall use appropriate sampling techniques (e.g. full period sampling, full
period consecutive sampling, grab sampling) and tools (e.g. temperature meter, humidity
meter, air velocity meter, noise and vibration meter, volatile organic compound meter,
formaldehyde meter, lux meter, moisture meter, dust meter) to measure all related IEQ
parameters based on the limits specified in this standard.
8.1.3 Data obtained from the exercise shall be analysed to ensure proper corrective action
is taken to maintain good IEQ within the building.
© JKR and SIRIM Berhad 2021 - All rights reserved 21
JKR/SIRIM 4:2021
8.2 Pre-occupancy evaluation
8.2.1 Before building occupancy, IEQ elements shall be assessed prior to the issuance of
certificate of practical completion and/or building handover. Refer Annex E.
8.2.2 The pre-occupancy indoor air quality test which consists of assessment and sampling
shall be done before handing over of the building to verify IEQ performance and to take the
necessary actions to reduce indoor air quality problems and, as a consequence, minimise any
potential impact on the health of the occupants.
8.3 Post occupancy evaluation
8.3.1 Periodic post occupancy evaluation shall be conducted to evaluate the level of
acceptance on indoor environmental quality over a period of time. The evaluation shall be
based on the limits specified in this standard.
8.3.2 Evaluation shall be carried out using the questionnaire as in Annex F.
22 © JKR and SIRIM Berhad 2021 - All rights reserved
JKR/SIRIM 4:2021
Annex A
(informative)
Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) elements summary
NO IEQ ELEMENTS SUB ELEMENTS PARAMETER
1 Indoor air quality Outdoor air performance CO2 monitoring and control
Mould prevention Relative humidity
2 Acoustic comfort Temperature
3 Thermal comfort Indoor air pollutants control Air velocity
4 Visual comfort Low VOC formaldehyde material
Indoor air quality Tobacco smoke
5 Housekeeping assessment Air treatment
6 Safety and health Internal noise and vibration Legionella
control Odour
- Non-carcinogenic material
Component of furniture
Daylighting Floor finishes
View and sufficient Building flush out
daylighting Ozone
Glare control Radon
Artificial lighting CO2 monitoring
Pre-occupancy air quality test
Construction Post-occupancy air quality test
Operation and General system
maintenance Lighting and noise
Renovation Acoustic treatment
Clothing insulation
Air temperature
Air speed
Humidity
Building orientation
Window design
Building orientation
Shading device
Light shelves
Illumination
Artificial lighting glare
Lighting flicker
Clean site
Cleaning services
Pest control
Dust control
Noise control
© JKR and SIRIM Berhad 2021 - All rights reserved 23
24 © JKR and SIRIM Berhad 2021 - All rights reserved Ann
(norm
Operation and maintenanc
No Description
1. IEQ ELEMENTS
The building owner shall operate all IEQ elements
according to specifications and shall generally carry out
the following, but not limited to:
GENERAL
a) Establishment of health and safety procedure
b) Assign staff with clear responsibility(ies) and give
adequate training
c) Record and update IEQ related policy(ies)
d) Collect and maintain data from buildings, ACMV, and
electrical design, testing and balancing reports, operating
instructions and manuals
nex B JKR/SIRIM 4:2021
mative)
e schedule for IEQ elements
Frequency Checklist Comments
D M 3M 6M Y Yes No
© JKR and SIRIM Berhad 2021 - All rights reserved Operation and maintenance sche
No Description
e) Check, update and review ACMV maintenance and
calibration records, testing reports, adjustment, replacement,
control settings and operating schedules
f) Provide inventory of locations where occupancy,
equipment, or building use has changed
g) Monitor positive or negative pressure for any zone or
room to avoid pollutant pathway.
h) Record and update safety data sheet for hazardous
substances which are stored or used in the building
i) Conduct a walkthrough inspection as described in
Industry Code of Practice on Indoor Air Quality at location that
needs monitoring or correction and record all findings. Any
deficiencies found during inspections shall be corrected
accordingly
25
edule for IEQ elements (continued)
Frequency Checklist Comments
D M 3M 6M Y Yes No
JKR/SIRIM 4:2021
26 © JKR and SIRIM Berhad 2021 - All rights reserved Operation and maintenance sche
No Description
2. Indoor air quality
a) Regularly inspect and maintain all ACMV equipment and
ensure filters, cooling coil, supply ducts and supply grill are
clean and unobstructed. Repair and replace any
malfunctioning ACMV components due to wear and tear/life
span based on manufacturer’s recommendation
b) Monitor and measure amount of outdoor air intake (CO2
level) for compliance with Industry Code of Practice on Indoor
Air Quality
c) Regularly inspect outdoor air intake components e.g. air
grilles, ducting, dampers, bird screen, etc. to ensure clear air
paths. Repair and replace if necessary
d) Adjust and calibrate variable air volume (VAV) dampers,
sensors and control system components
edule for IEQ elements (continued) JKR/SIRIM 4:2021
Frequency Checklist Comments
D M 3M 6M Y Yes No
© JKR and SIRIM Berhad 2021 - All rights reserved Operation and maintenance sche
No Description
e) Regular monitoring, measurement, and ensuring of indoor
air pollutant (e.g. formaldehyde, total volatile organic
compound, ozone, carbon monoxide, radon and respirable
particulates) are within acceptable limit by ICOP or other
authorities
3. Acoustic Comfort
a) Measure and ensure noise level throughout the building
(e.g. generating plant, ventilation inlets and equipment) is
within the recommended range
b) Inspect and ensure sound absorption and acoustic
barriers are being used to avoid any excessive noise
transmission
27
edule for IEQ elements (continued)
Frequency Checklist Comments
D M 3M 6M Y Yes No
JKR/SIRIM 4:2021
28 © JKR and SIRIM Berhad 2021 - All rights reserved Operation and maintenance sche
No Description
4. Thermal Comfort
a) Monitor, measure and ensure the physical parameters
(i.e. relative humidity, air movement, and dry bulb
temperature) are within acceptable limits
b) Inspect and ensure chilled water temperature and room
temperature are within acceptable limits
c) Inspect and maintain all ACMV and ancillary equipment
related to thermal comfort. Repair and replace any
malfunctioning ACMV components due to wear and tear/life
span and based on manufacturer’s recommendation
d) Monitor, adjust and calibrate control system components
related to thermal comfort (i.e. thermostat, damper, controller,
control valve, etc.)
edule for IEQ elements (continued) JKR/SIRIM 4:2021
Frequency Checklist Comments
D M 3M 6M Y Yes No
© JKR and SIRIM Berhad 2021 - All rights reserved Operation and maintenance sche
No Description
5. Visual comfort
Monitor, measure and adjust average illuminance level for
visual comfort in the building as recommended in MS 1525/
Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health for Lighting at
workplace (DOSH)
a) Inspect and ensure all lighting and glare controls are in
good working condition (i.e. light switch, light dimmer,
windows blind, or shades)
b) Measure and ensure the reflectance for the ceiling, walls,
working planes, and floor are within the acceptable limits
c) Measure and ensure the lighting scheme of maintenance
factor not be less than 0.7 as recommended in MS ISO 8995,
Lighting of indoor work places
d) Monitor, measure and calculate the glare index. Should
the glare index be greater than the limiting value, the following
adjustment might be necessary
29
edule for IEQ elements (continued)
Frequency Checklist Comments
D M 3M 6M Y Yes No
JKR/SIRIM 4:2021
30 © JKR and SIRIM Berhad 2021 - All rights reserved Operation and maintenance sche
No Description
i) Change the orientation of the luminaire
ii) Change the type of luminaire
iii) Change the room surface reflectance
6. Housekeeping
a) Inspect the cleanliness of floors, walls, ceiling, equipment,
fittings and fixtures, furnishings, finishes and other surfaces
for dust, dirt and debris
b) Ensure the use of products and methods that minimise
the introduction of pollutants into the building
c) Ensure cleaning materials selection is made of low VOC
materials, proven by Safety Data Sheet
d) Ensure containers containing VOCs are sealed properly
and stored outside the building
e) Provide a proper storage for housekeeping equipment
and cleaning materials
f) Increase air ventilation rate of the space if chemical
substances are used in housekeeping activity
edule for IEQ elements (continued) JKR/SIRIM 4:2021
Frequency Checklist Comments
D M 3M 6M Y Yes No
© JKR and SIRIM Berhad 2021 - All rights reserved Operation and maintenance sche
No Description
7. Pest control
a) Inspect and verify that bait stations or other pest control
devices are appropriately located inside and outside the
building, and maintained
b) Inspect and verify that baits are not to be placed in AHU
room to avoid the spread of harmful materials inside the
building
c) Monitor and ensure pest control activities shall be in
accordance with the requirements of Poisons Act 1952 and
Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994
31
edule for IEQ elements (concluded)
Frequency Checklist Comments
D M 3M 6M Y Yes No
JKR/SIRIM 4:2021
JKR/SIRIM 4:2021
Annex C
(normative)
Mould prevention tests
Premise :
Date of
Inspection :
Checked by
Components :
: All air conditioning and mechanical ventilation (ACMV) systems
This checklist shall be carried out in accordance with the manufacturer’s schedule.
The building owner shall operate all ACMV system to specifications and shall generally
carry out the following, but not limited to:
No Item Yes No Comments
1. Monitor the temperature of room / area /
space systematically and periodically.
Ensure the temperature is within the
design range.
2. Monitor the relative humidity (RH) of the
room / area / space systematically and
periodically. Ensure the relative humidity
is within design range.
3. Monitor the temperature of chilled water
supply (CHWS) and chilled water return
(CHWR) readings on the chiller. Ensure
the temperature is within the design
range.
4. Ensure the face velocity reading on the
AHU and the total airflow of the
AHU/FCU are according to the design
value. Moisture eliminators should be
installed inside the AHU if the face
velocity exceeds 550 fpm.
5. Ensure the air distribution and air change
rate for each room / area are according to
the design range.
6. Monitor the temperature of chilled water
supply on the AHU / FCU systematically
and periodically. Ensure the temperature
is within the design range.
32 © JKR and SIRIM Berhad 2021 - All rights reserved
No Item Yes No JKR/SIRIM 4:2021
Comments
7. Ensure the control and monitoring system
(BAS / local control) operates as the 33
original design.
8. Inspect the record of chiller maintenance.
Ensure condensers shell, tube, cooler
tubes are washed as per schedule.
9. Inspect the record of AHU maintenance.
Ensure air filters are cleaned or replaced
periodically.
10. Inspect the record of AHU maintenance.
Ensure cooling coil are cleaned and
washed periodically.
11. Inspect the operation of all sensors
(thermostat, humidity, flow, modulating
valve, etc.). Repair or replace, if
necessary.
12. Inspect the condition of piping and
insulation. Ensure they are in good
condition.
13. Inspect all sources of infiltration/openings
such as doors and windows in air-
conditioned spaces are always closed.
Ensure no infiltration of outdoor air.
14. Check the air movement in office room.
Ensure the air movement is within the
acceptable range (0.15 - 0.5 m/s).
15. Inspect and verify that all use spaces are
based on original design, without
functional changes.
16. Inspect and ensure there is no cross
ventilation between two zones that use 2
different ventilation/air conditioning
isnytsotethmesb.uilding
17. Inspect all surfaces/rooms for any sign of
mould problem.
18. Affected surfaces/rooms are cleaned,
repainted and/or replaced, if necessary.
© JKR and SIRIM Berhad 2021 - All rights reserved
JKR/SIRIM 4:2021
Premise : Building Envelope
Date of Inspection
Checked by :
Components :
:
No Item Yes No Comments
1. All sources of infiltration/openings such
as doors and windows in air-
conditioned spaces are always closed.
2. Natural ventilation occurs effectively (if
any).
3. All spaces are used as per the original
design (without functional changes).
4. No cross ventilation between two zones
that use two different ventilation/air
conditioning systems.
5. Fungus cleaning is done at spaces with
fungus problem (e.g. repainting the walls,
replacing the ceiling, cleaning the
furniture, etc.).
34 © JKR and SIRIM Berhad 2021 - All rights reserved
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Annex D
(informative)
Cleaning activities
Premise :
Date of Inspection :
NO DESCRIPTION YES NO COMMENTS
1. General
1.1 Record and update housekeeping
schedules and procedures.
1.2 Evaluate cleaning schedules and
procedures; modify if necessary.
1.3 Review, record and display Safety Data Sheet
(SDS) for all chemicals (cleaning materials
and fresheners).
1.4 Confirm proper use and storage of materials.
1.5 Provide staff with proper personal protective
equipment (PPE).
1.6 Provide adequate training related to indoor air
contamination control, chemical handling and
best practice of cleaning activities to staff in
charged.
2. Activities
2.1 Cleaning activities that will use products and
methods that introduce pollutants into the
building to be done during unoccupied
periods.
2.2 Use less harmful chemicals, such as low VOC
chemicals for cleaning.
© JKR and SIRIM Berhad 2021 - All rights reserved 35
JKR/SIRIM 4:2021
NO DESCRIPTION YES NO COMMENTS
2.3 Housekeeping equipment, materials and
chemicals is kept properly in a designated
area. Avoid storing housekeeping equipment,
materials and chemicals in office area and
AHU rooms.
2.4 Use green/eco certified cleaning materials in
housekeeping activities.
2.5 Remove dirt/dust using vacuum cleaners or
wet cloth. Sweeping of dirt/dust is to be
avoided.
2.6 Strictly follow manufacturer’s instructions for
mixing and diluting of disinfectants to ensure
their effectiveness.
2.7 Safe and appropriate cleaning procedure and
frequency is established, properly
documented and maintained.
2.8 Waste is collected and disposed in
accordance with appropriate disposal
procedure to avoid indoor air contamination.
36 © JKR and SIRIM Berhad 2021 - All rights reserved
JKR/SIRIM 4:2021
Annex E
(informative)
Pre-occupancy evaluation
Premise :
Date of Assessment :
Checklist
NO Description
Yes No
1. General
a) Submission of related documents as follows.
i) Testing, Adjusting, Balancing and Commissioning Reports
ii) Operation and Maintenance Manuals
iii) As-built Drawings
b) IEQ assessment result (if any).
2. Indoor Air Quality
a) Volatile organic compound (VOC) less than 3.0 ppm.
b) Formaldehyde less than 0.1 ppm.
c) Ozone less than 0.05 ppm.
d) Carbon monoxide less than 10 ppm.
e) Respirable particulates less than 0.15 mg/m3’
f) Carbon dioxide less than 1,000 ppm.
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JKR/SIRIM 4:2021
Checklist
NO Description
Yes No
3. Acoustic comfort
a) Noise level throughout the building is according to Table 2,
Recommended internal noise level limit
b) Noise level from mechanical equipment (i.e. AHUs, FCUs)
are within recommended design range.
4. Thermal comfort
a) Relative humidity is within acceptable range (55 - 70 %).
b) Air movement is within acceptable range (0.15 m/s – 0.5
m/s)
c) Room dry bulb temperature is within acceptable design
range (23 - 26 ºC)
d) Chilled water temperature and cooling coil temperature is
within acceptable range.
5. Visual comfort
a) The average illuminance level for visual comfort in the
building is as recommended in MS 1525 or Guidelines on
Occupational Safety and Health for Lighting at workplace
(DOSH).
b) The range of useful reflectance for the ceiling is within
acceptable range.
c) The range of useful reflectance for the walls is within
acceptable range.
d) The range of useful reflectance for the working planes is
within acceptable range.
e) The range of useful reflectance for the floor is within
acceptable range.
f) The uniformity of the illuminance for task area is not less
than 0.7 and immediate surrounding areas are not less than
0.5.
38 © JKR and SIRIM Berhad 2021 - All rights reserved
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JKR Standard on Indoor Environment Quality -approved 24.11.21-new
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