Theories of Personality

482 Name Index

Irwin, C., 22 Jones, E., 38, 42 Kearsley, R., 71
Isaacowitz, D., 390 Jones, R. L., 70 Kelly, B., 398
Iskender, M., 364, 375 Jones, R. M., 177 Kelly, F., 68
Ispas, D., 232, 408 Jones, S., 390 Kelly, G. A., 295, 297, 304
Israelashvili, M., 179 Jones, T., 400 Kelly, J. A., 382
Itkonen, J., 241 Jonkmann, K., 237 Kelly, T., 402
Ivancevich, S., 7 Jonsdottir, S., 265 Keltikangas-Jaruinen, L., 376
Iversen, V., 266 Joo, Y., 375 Keltner, D., 207–208, 235
Ivtzan, I., 263 Joormann, J., 206 Kemeny, M. E., 389
Iyer, P., 408 Jordan-Conde, Z., 179 Keniston, K., 159
Jorm, A. F., 234 Kennedy, S., 130
J Joseph, S., 285, 288, 399–400 Kenrick, D., 269
Joung, S., 375 Kentta, G., 375
Jaakkola, M., 398 Jourdan, A., 288 Keogh, E., 63
Jack, R., 209 Judge, T., 360, 377 Kepes, S., 360
Jackson, C., 229, 360 Juhl, J., 265 Kerestes, G., 129
Jackson, D. N., 310 Jun, Z., 398 Kerkhof, P., 7
Jackson, E., 399 Jung, C. G., 83–87, 90–91, 93, 98 Kern, M., 236
Jackson, J., 21–22 Jung, J., 262 Kern, R. M., 123, 125, 127
Jackson, L., 242 Jurkiewicz, M., 241 Kerr, N., 145
Jackson, M., 124 Justiniano, M., 68 Kersting, A., 234
Jackson, T., 360 Ketcham, K., 72
Jacobson, J. L., 174 K Keyes, C., 399
Jaffé, A., 105 Khan, M., 375
Jahangiri, M., 389 Kaczor, L. M., 152 Khodarahimi, S., 380
James, S., 240 Kagan, J., 71 Kiang, L., 184
James, W., 30 Kahle, E., 394 Kidd, T., 389
Janarthanam, D., 181 Kahneman, D., 396 Kidney, B. A., 176
Jang, H., 7 Kahr, B., 40 Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K., 391
Jang, Y., 22 Kalichman, S. C., 382 Kiesler, D. J., 283
Janoff-Bulman, P., 152 Kaljee, J., 381 Kihlstrom, J. F., 61
Jardine, R., 230 Kalpidou, M., 265 Kikuchi, M., 208
Jasinskaja-Lahti, I., 398 Kamban, P., 364 Kilpatrick, S., 400
Jensen, A., 365 Kamitani, Y., 70 Kim, C., 391
Jensen-Campbell, L., 178, 233, 235, 408 Kanagawa, C., 11 Kim, E., 266
Jern, P., 408 Kandel, E., 41 Kim, S., 381
Jerusalem, M., 362 Kandler, C., 408–410, 414 Kim, T., 179
Jeshmaridian, S., 210 Kaneshiro, S., 266 Kim, Y., 400
Ji, G., 129 Kang, H., 374 Kim-Prieto, C., 20
Jiangqun, L., 265 Kang, S., 262 King, J., 400
Jiao, S., 129 Kao, C. F., 360 King, L. A., 396, 401
Ji-Liang, S., 398 Kaplan, H., 232 King, L. J., 66
Jing, D., 382 Kaplan, R., 361 King-Kallimans, S., 22
Jing, N., 382 Kaprio, J., 233 Kinsky, M., 347
Jing, Q., 129 Kapusta, N., 234 Kirsch, H., 137
Jiraki, K., 207 Karesen, R., 389 Kirschenbaum, H., 271, 288
Johansson, A., 408 Kashima, E., 10 Kishi, T., 208
Johansson, B., 414 Kashima, Y., 10 Kitayama, S., 11–12, 285
Johansson, E., 396 Kasimatis, M., 234 Kitts, J., 101
John, O. P., 104, 234–235, 414 Kasl, S., 376 Kivimaki, M., 389, 409
Johnson, A., 176, 384 Kasler, J., 125 Kivmaki, M., 236
Johnson, B., 366 Kassenboehmer, S., 376 Kivnick, H. Q., 169, 171
Johnson, G., 309 Kasser, T., 183, 400, 412 Klahr, A., 412
Johnson, J., 231, 382, 400 Kato, S., 331 Klassen, A., 228
Johnson, M., 239 Kaufman, J., 127, 196 Klein, D., 236
Johnson, R. C., 216, 232, 408 Kaufman, M. T., 207, 366 Klein, M. H., 283
Johnson, W., 101, 415 Kaunitz, N., 396 Kleinman, M., 381
Joiner, R., 173 Kauth, M., 187 Klimstra, T., 177–178
Jokela, M., 128, 236, 409, 410 Kavanagh, P., 240 Kline, P., 219
Jolton, J., 382 Kavetsos, G., 396 Kloep, M., 384
Jonason, P., 240–241 Kazdin, A. E., 331 Klohnen, E. C., 180
Jones, A., 399 Kazem, A., 390

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Name Index 483

Klug, H., 401 LaFountain, R., 131 Leung, B., 390
Knafo, A., 412 Lai, M., 399 Levenson, M. R., 381
Knaster, C., 22 Lai, S., 179 Levine, C., 181
Koester, S., 237 Laird, T., 129 Levine, H., 236
Koestner, R., 267, 412 Lajunen, T., 241 Levine, T., 382
Kokubo, T., 10 Lam, L., 7 Levinson, D. J., 103
Konu, A., 400 Lam, R., 184 Levy, N., 101
Kopp, R., 121 Lamb, M., 65, 410 Lewis, C., 102
Koren, M., 320 Lambrecht, S., 69 Lewis, J., 8
Kornadt, A., 414 Lampert, T., 376 Lewis, M., 126, 181
Kosaka, Y., 124 Lanaway, D., 266 Leyendecker, B., 11
Kosciw, J., 187 Lane, R. W., 9, 123 Li, F., 352
Koskenvuo, M., 233 Lang, F., 265, 400 Li, M., 387
Kotov, R., 234 Lang, R., 331 Li, X., 177, 381
Kovaleski, M., 309 Larsen, R. J., 234 Li, Y., 361
Kovatch, A., 12 Larsson, H., 408 Liang, J., 266
Kowalski, R. M., 265 Latham, G. P., 360 Libran, E., 400
Kracke, W., 69 Latzman, R., 345 Lichtenstein, E., 236
Krahe, B., 364–365 Lau, J., 394 Lichtenstein, P., 235, 408
Krahn, H., 175 Laudenslager, M., 388 Lichtman, J., 376
Kramer, N., 364 Laursen, B., 237 Liebkind, K., 398
Krause, N., 266 LaVoie, J., 180 Lige, Q., 266
Kraybill, M., 236 Law, A., 388 Lightsey, O., 361–362
Krell, R., 175 Law, D., 365 Lilienfeld, S. O., 18
Kring, A., 235 Lazzari, R., 287 Lillevoll, K., 176
Krings, F., 400 Le, T., 185, 399 Lin, N., 379
Kristensen, P., 128 Leak, G., 123, 126–127 Lin, Y., 392
Kroger, J., 176 Leak, K., 127 Linares, K., 179
Kronstrom, K., 394 Leary, M. R., 265 Lindenberger, U., 397, 399
Kross, E., 7 Leatherdale, S., 347 Linder, J., 365
Krossbakken, E., 237 Lee, A., 10 Lindley, L., 310
Krueger, A., 396 Lee, B., 11 Lindstrom, M., 376
Krueger, R., 415 Lee, F., 311 Lindzey, G., 205
Krüll, M., 40–41, 55–56 Lee, H., 236 Lineberger, M. R., 129
Krumholz, H., 376 Lee, J., 184, 394 Lingiardi, F., 58
Kruse, A., 397 Lee, K., 102, 239 Linley, P., 285
Kuba, I., 185 Lee, M., 9, 236 Lintonen, T., 400
Kuh, R., 228 Lee, R., 184 Lippa, R., 206
Kuhn, M., 347 Lee, Y. T., 22, 390 Lippnnan, S., 363
Kulick, A., 187 Lee-Chai, A., 63 Lischetzke, T., 234
Kull, R., 187 Lefkowitz, M. M., 125–126 Little, T., 397
Kulshrestha, U., 376 Lehman, D., 9, 11, 285 Littlewort, G., 209
Kunter, M., 359 Lehmann, T. R., 360 Litwin, H., 398
Kunz-Ebrecht, S., 390 Leigh, E., 389 Liu, M., 11
Kunzmann, U., 397 Leising, D., 277 Liu, W., 187
Kuo, T., 8 Lejuez, C., 379 Livingston, J., 266
Kupfermann, Y., 394 Lemelin, J., 126 Livingston, N., 237
Kupfersmid, J., 70 Lenaghan, M., 73 Llamas, J., 374
Kuppens, P., 233 Lens, W., 28 Lliffe, S., 390
Kurman, J., 12 Lent, R. W., 359 Llorens, S., 360
Kuruvilla, B., 69 Leonard, R., 104 Lobo Antunes, M., 376
Kvam, S., 237 Leone, L., 239 Lock, J., 67
Kwang, T., 27 Leong, F., 21 Locke, E. A., 360
Leonhardt, A., 277 Lockenhoff, C., 235
L Leontopoulou, S., 375 Loehlin, J. C., 413
Lero Vie, M., 232 Loffredo, D. A., 101
Labouvie-Vief, G., 67 LeScanff, C., 267 Loftus, E., 72–73
Labrentz, H. L., 124 Lesser, I. M., 177 Logan, H., 388
Lacefield, K., 382 Lester, D., 263, 310, 390 Logan, M., 376
Lacey, H., 397 Letzring, T., 64–65 Lohr, J., 65
Lachman, M., 358, 401 Leu, J., 311 Loman, M., 384
Lafavor, T., 384

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484 Name Index

Lombardo, P., 73 Mansfield, E., 181 Mazzoni, G. A. L., 73
Londerville, S., 174 Manstead, A. S. R., 12 McAdams, D. P., 172, 181–182, 415
Lonnqvist, J., 241 Mantsha, T., 225 McAdams, K., 381
Loo, C. M., 149 Maqsud, M., 374 McAdoo, H., 266
Lopez, A., 389 Marcano, M., 375 McAuley, E., 352
Lopez, I., 266 Marcia, J. E., 176–177 McBride-Chang, C., 390
Loureiro, B., 183 Marcus, B., 27 McCabe, D., 228
Lowell, A., 126 Marcus-Newhall, A., 65 McCann, S., 129
Lucas, R., 228, 235, 396, 401, 414 Mardhekar, V., 387 McCarthy, T., 288
Lucas, T., 409 Maringer, M., 208 McCaulley, M., 100
Luce, K., 16 Mark, G., 241 McClarty, K., 265
Ludtke, O., 237 Markel, H., 39 McClearn, G. E., 231, 235
Luengo, M., 381 Marker, C., 379 McClelland, D. C., 181
Luevano, V., 241 Markon, K., 345 McClelland, S., 285
Luhmann, M., 330, 398 Markstrom, C., 176–177 McClive, K., 392
Luhtanen, R., 265 Markus, G. B., 128 McCloskey, M., 207
Lumley, M., 67 Markus, H. R., 11, 128, 285, 399 McCoy, H., 358
Lundberg, S., 7 Marmar, C., 23 McCoy, T., 387
Luo, X., 126 Marold, D. B., 287 McCrae, R. R., 9, 231–235, 408,
Luthans, F., 360 Marolla, F. A., 128
Luyckx, K., 177 Marrero, Quevedo R., 399 414–415
Lycett, E. J., 70 Marriott, Y., 6 McCullough, M., 61, 400
Lykken, D. T., 230 Marshall, G. N., 23 McDaniel, M., 15
Lynch, P., 365 Marshall, S., 176 McDonnell, J., 27
Lyness, J., 390 Martin, A., 237 McGrath, K., 101
Lynn, A., 329 Martin, C. M., 173, 375 McGregor, H. A., 352
Lynn, M., 400 Martin, L., 236 McGue, M., 233, 408, 415
Lynne-Landsman, S., 380 Martin, M., 414 McHale, S., 129
Lyons, D., 103 Martin, N. G., 230 McIntyre, C. W., 234
Lyubomirsky, S., 401 Martinent, G., 267 McKinney, L. C., 66
Martin-Krumm, C., 391 McLaughlin, D., 183
M Martins, S., 22 McLaughlin, N. G., 138
Martinussen, M., 176 McLeod, B., 361
MacCallum, R. C., 391 Maruna, S., 182 McMurtry, D., 175
Mackavey, W. R., 183 Maruta, T., 390 McNally, B., 309
MacPherson, L., 379 Mashek, D., 266 McNally, R., 72–73
Macrae, K., 10 Masling, J. M., 62, 71 McNulty, J. L., 21
Maddux, J. E., 351 Maslow, A. H., 255 McSharry, J., 361
Magai, C., 390 Mason, C., 185 Medinnus, G., 286
Magnus, K., 235 Mason, L., 14 Mednick, S., 383
Mahalik, J. R., 68, 186 Mason, W., 27 Meerkerk, G., 241
Mahmood, S., 27 Massenkoff, M., 232 Meesters, C., 241
Mahoney, J., 287, 381 Massman, A., 242 Meeus, W., 12, 177
Mahoney, P., 61, 73 Mastekaasa, A., 398 Mehdizadeh, S., 8, 265
Maier, G., 401 Mastrangelo, P., 382 Meier, B., 235
Maier, H., 359 Matheny, K., 127 Melamed, B. G., 356
Maier, S. F., 388–389, 394, 386 Mathew, P., 102 Mellander, C., 399
Main, M., 174 Matlin, S., 376 Mellor, S., 130, 177
Maio, G. R., 70 Matsuba, M., 410 Menlove, F. L., 355
Malaka, D., 381 Matsumoto, D., 207 Mermillod, M., 208
Malcolm, K., 235 Matthews, K. A., 103, 389 Mervielde, I., 182, 408
Malfatto, G., 361 Matthias, S., 179 Mesquita, B., 9
Malinchoc, M., 390 Matysiak, A., 398 Messer, S., 71
Malley, J. E., 183 Maurer, D., 207 Metzler, T., 23
Malloy, T., 22 Mauss, I., 287 Meuss, W., 176
Maltby, J., 400 Mavioglu, R., 394 Meyer, O., 21
Malthieu, P. L., 283 Maxwell, C., 363 Michaels, D., 375
Malvagia, S., 73 Mayekiso, T., 376 Michikyan, M., 8
Manaster, G., 121, 123 Mayes, R., 75 Migone, M., 75
Manger, T., 374 Mays, M., 121 Miles, J., 23
Man-Na, H., 402 Mazandarani, A., 70 Miletic, M. P., 154
Manning, M. M., 360 Miller, N., 65

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Name Index 485

Millsap, R., 358 Multhauf, K., 382 Nikelly, A., 127
Milosevic-Dordevic, J., 7 Multon, K. D., 359 Nilsson, K., 128
Milot, T., 126 Munsey, C., 398 Noble, H., 331
Milton, J., 248, 272, 274 Murakoshi, A., 266 Nolan, G., 287
Milyavskaya, M., 267 Murdock, N., 288 Nolen-Hoeksema, S., 393
Minch, D., 234 Muris, P., 241, 361 Noll, R., 84–85, 100, 105
Mindess, H., 320 Murphy, M. J., 127 Noltemeyer, A., 263
Miner-Rubino, K., 183 Murray, H. A., 18 Norenzayan, A., 10
Ming-Yi, Q., 382 Murray, K. M., 101 Norris, K., 208
Minkov, M., 398 Muscarella, F., 387 Norton, M., 70
Miranda, A. O., 127 Muusses, L., 7 Noser, A., 264
Miranda, P., 21 Myers, E., 265 Nowicki, S., 373
Mischel, W., 5 Myers, I. B., 99–100
Mishali, M., 361 Myers, L., 66 O
Misovich, S. J., 382 Mynarska, M., 398
Mittag, W., 362 O’Connell, M., 237
Mittal, C., 377 N O’Malley, P. M., 28
Miyake, K., 208 O’Neal, K., 376
Miyamoto, Y., 10–11 Nadorff, D., 7 O’Neill, R. M., 71
Miyawaki, Y., 70 Nakamura, M., 208 O’Regan, L., 346
Mizuochi, F., 177 Napa, C. K., 396 O’Riordan, S., 237
Moeller, S., 265 Napolitano, J. M., 68 O’Shea, B., 234
Moffitt, B., 265 Naqvi, A., 65 Oates, J., 343
Moffitt, T., 265 Nasser, R., 375 Obasi, M., 22
Mogilner, C., 396 Naumann, E., 228 Oberhauser, A., 7
Mohammadi, A., 176 Naus, M., 16 Oehlberg, K., 226
Mohr, J., 187 Nave, C., 414 Oettingen, G., 359
Moise-Titus, J., 364 Nebbitt, V., 358 Offen, I., 365
Moksnes, U., 265 Nedate, L., 308 Offidani, E., 236
Molander, B., 128 Needs, A., 309 Offord, K., 390
Moljord, I., 265 Nehen, H., 397 Ofshe, R., 72
Molleman, E., 362 Nehrke, M. F., 183 Ogasahara, K., 331
Moller, I., 364, 365 Neiderhiser, J., 228 Ogletree, M., 177
Molock, S., 376 Neimeyer, G. J., 309 Oishi, S., 11, 234, 398, 401
Moneta, G., 390 Neimeyer, R., 294 Okazaki, S., 9
Montag, C., 241 Nelson, L., 365 Okeke, B. I., 374
Monzani, D., 234, 361 Nesselroade, J. R., 224 Oladimeji, B., 376
Moolenaar, N., 363 Netz, Y., 397 Olander, E., 361
Moor, C. J., 150 Neuberg, S., 269 Olatunji, B., 65
Moore, S. M., 188 Neumann, W., 375 Olioff, M., 354
Morehouse, R. E., 382 Neuzil, P., 151 Oliveira, J., 239, 241
Moretti, M. M., 287 Neville, H., 184 Olson, B., 182, 365, 415
Morewedge, C., 70 Nevo, O., 125 Olson, E., 390
Morgan, C. D., 18 Newbauer, J., 127 Oltmanns, T., 21
Morling, B., 10–11 Newman, L. S., 66, 129 Omer, H., 361
Morris, A. S., 178, 411 Newton, T., 381 Omoile, J., 267
Morris, E., 320 Neyer, F., 265, 414–415 Ones, D., 19, 400
Morris, J., 265 Nezami, E., 24 Ong, A., 185
Morris, T., 207 Nezlek, J., 265 Ong, E., 8
Morrison, D., 240 Nezworski, M. T., 18 Onyeizugbo, E., 361
Mosher, C., 399 Ng, A., 11 Oost, K., 237
Mosher, D., 7 Ng, D., 10 Oppermann, R., 375
Mosing, M., 408 Ng, W., 396, 398 Orejudo, S., 394
Moskowitz, D. S., 151 Nghe, L., 186 Oreyzia, H., 152
Motley, M. T., 71 Nichols, R. C., 380 Orgler, H., 109
Mottus, R., 228, 232–233 Nichols, T., 380 Orlando, M. J., 27
Mount, M. K., 236 Nicholson, I. A. M., 194–195 Orlofsky, J. L., 177
Movellan, J., 209 Nicolaou, N., 235 Ormel, J., 234
Mroczek, D., 235, 397 Nie, N., 402 Orr, R., 8
Muffels, R., 401 Niedenthal, P., 208 Orth, D., 8
Muller, K., 241 Nigg, J., 236 Orth, U., 265
Nijenhuis, J., 235 Ortin, A., 381

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486 Name Index

Orue, I., 365 Paunonen, S. V., 102, 238 Plamondon, A., 126
Osborne, M., 16 Pavlov, I., 321–322 Plaut, V., 396, 399
Osnos, E., 75 Pavot, W., 235 Plomin, R., 19, 231, 235
Ostafin, B., 265 Payne, Y., 399 Podd, M. H., 176
Oster, H., 208 Pedersen, N. L., 229–231, 235 Podlog, L., 267
Ostrove, J. M., 104, 180, 182 Pedersen, W., 65 Podolski, C., 364
Overbeek, G., 241 Pedrotti, J., 286 Pole, N., 23
Overmier, J. B., 386 Peltzer, K., 381 Poling, A., 324
Overskeid, G., 320 Peluso, J., 123 Polit, D. F., 130
Owen, J., 310 Peluso, P., 123 Pollak, S., 207
Owen, S., 375 Penard, T., 402 Poole, L., 389
Owens, J. F., 389 Pencheva, E., 102 Porcerelli, J. H., 67
Ozer, E. M., 362 Peng, Z., 7 Poropat, A., 235
Ozlale, Y., 398 Penn, D., 22 Porter, S., 240
Pentti, J., 389 Postmes, T., 399
P Pepler, D., 7 Potter, J., 238
Pereira, H., 183 Poulton, R., 265
Pace, T., 23 Perkins, A., 15 Poussing, N., 402
Pacico, J., 234 Perkins, L., 400 Poutvaara, P., 241
Padilla, P., 365 Perlman, C., 73 Pozios, V., 364
Padilla-Walker, L., 365 Perry, D., 186 Pratkanis, A. R., 67
Page, M. M., 263 Perry, R., 239 Pratt, M., 310
Pahic, T., 373 Pervin, L. A., 62, 196 Pratt-Hyatt, J., 184
Paige, J. M., 205 Pesant, N., 69 Preiser, N., 363
Palkas, O., 68 Peteet, B., 266 Prelow, H., 266, 399
Pallesen, S., 237 Peterson, B. E., 175, 182 Prenda, K., 401
Pals, J. L., 104, 180 Peterson, C., 387, 389, 391, 394 Price, S., 392
Pancake, V. R., 174 Peterson, M., 381 Prinzie, O., 235, 412
Pancer, S., 310 Peterson, R. F., 334 Prochnik, G., 39, 42
Pantin, H., 185 Petitta, L., 364 Proctor, H., 297
Panton, J., 68 Petrides, K., 229 Pulkkinen, L., 237
Paolacci, G., 27 Petrini, L., 239 Pulkki-Rabach, L., 236
Papadakis, S., 347 Petrocelli, J., 124 Pullmann, H., 232, 414
Papastylianou, A., 8 Petrosky, M. J., 376 Punamaki, R., 68
Papazova, E., 102 Phares, E. J., 376 Puri, R., 376
Pappas, S., 396 Phaswana, N., 381 Puyuelo, M., 394
Paquet, Y., 376 Phelps, A., 68 Pyszczynski, T., 263
Paradise, R., 343, 364 Philipp, A., 359
Paran, F., 381 Philipp, L., 16 Q
Parati, G., 361 Phillips, B., 310
Parham, T., 22 Phillips, D. P., 365 Qing-Xin, S., 382
Paris, B. J., 137–138 Phillips, J., 8 Quevedo, K., 384
Paris, R., 64 Phinney, J. S., 185 Quevedo, R., 399
Park, A., 176 Phipps, S., 66 Quiery, N., 174
Park, C., 20 Pickett, C. L., 264 Quinn, S., 154
Park, D., 10 Piegeri, I., 187 Quintieri, P., 331
Park, J., 7 Piekkola, B., 210
Park, L., 265 Piel, E., 68 R
Park, M., 22 Pierce, J., 375
Park, N., 398 Pierre, M., 186 Raaijmakers, Q., 177
Parke, R. D., 345 Pilkington, B., 73 Rabie, L., 71
Parkes, K. R., 234 Pillay, Y., 184 Rabinowitz, P., 384
Parks, A., 402–403 Pillemer, D., 69 Raffoul, W., 181
Parmley, M., 207 Pinchevsky, G., 363 Ragab, M., 70
Pastorelli, C., 361 Pincott, J., 71 Raghubir, P., 392
Paterson, H., 175 Pinkham, A., 207 Raiff, B., 331
Patten, A. H., 181 Pinquart, M., 397 Räikkönen, K., 376, 389
Patterson, T., 124, 288 Pinsker, D., 183 Raine, A., 383
Patton, J., 263 Piot-Ziegler, C., 181 Rainey, N., 184
Paugh, J., 127 Pitman, R., 72 Rainville, R., 69
Paul, H., 154 Pittenger, D., 101 Ram, N., 397, 399
Paulhus, D. L., 9, 240–241 Raman, A., 365
Ramirez-Maestre, C., 389

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Name Index 487

Ramos, T., 394 Roberti, J., 379, 382–383 Rutledge, P., 7
Ramos-Sanchez, L., 22 Roberts, B. W., 16, 237–238 Ryan, R., 267
Rann, J., 381 Roberts, J., 22 Ryan, S. M., 388
Rashid, T., 402–403 Roberts, L., 265 Ryan, T., 241
Raskauskas, J., 365 Robins, R. W., 238, 265 Ryckman, R., 152
Raskin, A., 125 Robins, W., 265 Ryff, C. D., 400
Rasmuson, I., 230 Robinson, M., 235 Ryff, D., 399
Rat-Fischer, L., 346 Robinson, O., 183, 235 Ryon, H., 375
Raudsepp, L., 414 Robinson-Whelen, S., 391
Ravert, R., 176, 381 Roche, S., 129 S
Rayle, A., 397 Rochlen, A., 187
Raynor, D., 236 Rodgers, J. L., 128 Saarni, S., 396
Realo, A., 232–233, 408 Rodriguez, R., 389 Sakamoto, S., 20
Reddy, P., 129 Rodriguez-Mosquera, P. M., 12 Saklofske, D., 227
Reed, P., 326 Rogers, C. R., 272–273, 275, 279, 282–284 Salamon, M., 265
Regalia, C., 363 Rogers, L., 185 Salanova, M., 360
Reid, L. D., 311 Rogoff, B., 364 Salas, E., 360
Reijntjes, A., 235, 412 Rom, T., 381 Salem, M., 70
Reimanis, G., 175 Rompa, D., 382 Salem-Hartshorne, N., 128
Reimann, R., 408, 410 Ronaldson, A., 389 Salinas, C., 206
Reinsch, S., 361 Rong-Gang, Z., 382 Salmon, P., 309
Reio, T., 382 Roques, M., 364 Salvisberg, C., 266
Reips, U., 27 Rorschach, H., 16, 23 Samreen, H., 375
Reiser, M., 64 Rose, J., 265 Samsi, M., 16
Reiss, D., 228 Rose, R. J., 233 Samuels, J., 236
Rendon, D., 151 Rose, S., 226 Sanbonmatsu, D., 392
Renk, K., 375 Rosenberg, B. C., 129 Sanders-Reio, J., 382
Renner, B., 392 Rosenbloom, T., 382 Sandnabba, N., 408
Renshaw, K., 12 Rosenthal, D. R., 188 Sandvik, L., 389
Rentfrow, P., 399, 410 Rosenthal, R., 206 Sandy, C., 238
Repucci, N. D., 331 Rosenzweig, S., 62 Sanna, L., 390–391
Resnicow, K., 185 Roski, C., 277 Santos, S., 185
Rettner, R., 129 Ross, C., 8 Santtila, P., 408
Reuter, A., 398 Ross, D., 344 Sapouna, M., 363
Reuter, M., 241 Ross, J., 101 Sarangi, S., 309
Revelle, W., 226 Ross, S., 266, 344 Sarason, I. G., 356
Revonsuo, A., 68 Roth, G., 285 Saric, M., 373
Reyero, D., 375 Roth, M., 379 Sarrazin, P., 391
Reyes, J., 331 Rothrauff, T., 182 Sarrica, M., 402
Reynolds, C., 236, 383 Rotter, J. B., 131, 372–373 Sassi, M., 181
Reynolds, J., 181 Rouhani, S., 374 Sasson, N., 207
Rheingold, A., 22 Rousseau, M., 126 Saudino, K. J., 228, 235
Rice, B., 335 Roussi-Vergou, C., 225 Saunders, J. T., 66, 331
Rice, T., 398 Routh, D., 296 Sayer, A., 181
Rich, B., 360 Routledge, C., 265 Sayers, J., 66
Rich, S., 230 Rowatt, W., 239 Sayles, M., 376
Richard, J., 207 Rubiano, S., 365 Scabini, E., 363
Richard, P., 22 Rubin, R., 176 Schachter, S., 128–129
Richelle, M. N., 335 Rubins, J. L., 137 Schacter, D., 72
Riggio, R. E., 206 Rucker, D. D., 67 Schaie, K., 398
Rijsdijk, F., 394 Rudich, E. A., 264 Schaller, M., 269
Riksen-Walraven, J., 64 Rudolph, K., 20 Scheier, M., 388–389, 391
Rimpelae, M., 400 Rudy, D., 412 Schell, T., 23
Risinger, R. T., 234 Ruetzel, K., 181 Schimel, J., 264
Rispoli, M., 331 Ruland, C., 389 Schimmack, U., 66, 234
Ristuccia, C., 73 Rule, N., 10 Schkade, D., 396
Ritter, B., 355 Rush, L., 69 Schmidt, A., 360
Roazen, P., 41, 110 Rushen, J., 324 Schmidt, F., 234
Robbins, M., 102 Russell, D. W., 360 Schmidt, M., 127
Robbins, R., 23 Russell, J. A., 206 Schmitt, D., 232, 266
Roberson, D., 208 Russo, S., 381 Schmitt, K., 179
Schmitz, N., 375

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488 Name Index

Schmukle, S., 235 Sen, C., 376 Singh-Manoux, A., 389
Schmutte, P. S., 400 Senatore, N., 103 Sinha, P., 207
Schneewind, K. A., 353, 376 Serson, J., 161 Siribaddana, P., 130
Schneider, A., 69 Sestir, M., 365 Sisic, M., 8
Schneider, F., 379 Settles, I., 184 Skinner, B. F., 318–319, 324, 327–328, 332,
Schneider, G., 397 Shah, K., 374
Schneider, S. C., 389, 392 Shallcross, A., 287 336
Scholte, R., 235, 241 Shamir, B., 264 Skinner, T., 236
Schou, I., 389 Shane, S., 235 Skogan, W., 363
Schredl, M., 68–70 Shao, L., 398 Sleegers, P., 363
Schueller, S., 403 Shapka, J., 365 Sleek, S., 413
Schul, Y., 67 Shatz, S., 151 Slugoski, B. F., 188
Schultz, D. P., 85 Shaughnessy, S., 266 Smari, J., 265
Schulz, R., 374 Shaw, B., 266 Smeekens, S., 64
Schupp, J., 397, 399 Shaw, G., 10 Smillie, L., 229
Schur, M., 42 Shaw, J., 360 Smirles, K. A., 182
Schurer, S., 376 Sheku, B., 374 Smith, A., 264
Schutz, A., 277 Sheldon, K., 183, 267, 285, 400 Smith, D., 367, 397
Schwankovsky, L., 387 Sheldon, W., 191 Smith, E., 381
Schwartz, A., 151, 396 Shelton, A., 129 Smith, H. L., 396, 398
Schwartz, G., 9 Shen, H., 68 Smith, J., 309, 397, 380
Schwartz, J., 187 Shepherd, S., 239 Smith, M., 185, 396
Schwartz, N., 396 Shepperd, J., 392 Smith, R. E., 352
Schwartz, S., 176, 185, 381 Sher, K., 229 Smith, S., 7
Schwartzman, A. E., 151 Sherman, M., 22 Smith, T. B., 184
Schwarz, E., 375 Sherman, R., 414 Sneed, J., 177, 181
Schwarz, N., 15 Shevlin, M., 229 Snipes, D., 237
Schwarzer, R., 361 Shevrin, H., 63 Snowdon, D., 390
Schweid, E., 334 Shi, M., 176 Sobolew-Shubin, A., 387
Schwitzgebel, E., 69 Shifren, K., 389 Soenens, B., 177
Schyns, P., 209 Shim, U., 237 Soerensen, S., 397
Scoffier, S., 376 Shin, Y., 364 Sogolow, Z., 68
Scollon, C., 20, 229 Shiner, R. L., 64, 408, 415 Soler, R. E., 185
Scott, J., 360 Shipherd, J., 187 Solnit, A. J., 58
Scott, R., 22, 62 Shirachi, M., 66 Solo, C., 399
Scrutton, H., 240 Shmotkin, D., 399 Solomon, S., 264
Seaton, C., 65 Shojaee, M., 376 Soriano, E., 175
Seaton, E., 22, 399 Shors, T., 388 Sorlie, T., 376
Sechrest, L., 9, 124, 309–310, 372 Short, R., 129 South, S., 408
Sedikides, C., 264–265, 352 Shostrom, E. L., 261–262 Spann, M., 376
Seehusen, J., 264 Shull, R., 322 Spector, T., 235
Seeman, M., 376 Shulman, E., 380 Spencer, C., 309
Seeman, T., 376 Shulman, H., 382 Spinath, F., 408, 410
Seemann, E., 187 Shuming, Z., 102 Spiro, A., 397
Segal, B., 381 Sibley, C., 239 Spirrison, C., 66
Segal, D. L., 150–151 Siegel, L. J., 356 Spitalnick, J., 381
Segal., N., 230 Siegler, I. C., 233, 399 Spock, B., 42
Segall, M., 376 Silcott, L., 22 Springer, C., 390
Seger, C., 12 Silcox, B., 240 Srivastava, S., 182
Segers, E., 235 Silkstrom, S., 240 Sroufe, L. A., 174
Segerstrom, S. C., 389, 391 Silva, L., 184 St. John, C., 126
Segrin, C., 358 Silver, N., 266, 375 Stack, A. D., 65
Seidah, A., 265 Silvera, D., 12 Stacy, A. W., 361
Seidman, E., 185 Silverman, L. H., 63, 417 Stajkovic, A., 360
Seidman, G., 7 Silvia, S., 22 Stams, G., 235, 412
Seiffge-Krenke, I., 137, 176 Sim, W., 375 Stanton, B., 381
Sekercioglu, G., 225 Simmering, M. G., 8 Statton, J. E., 125
Sekhon, M., 263 Simon, A., 225 Staudinger, U. M., 183, 400
Seligman, M. E. P., 386, 388–390, 392–395, Simonton, D., 320 Steca, P., 234, 358–359, 361
Simsek, O., 384 Stecker, R., 387
402–403 Singh, T., 376 Steel, P., 362, 400
Sellers, R., 22 Steele, B., 398

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Name Index 489

Steele, R., 66 T Trapnell, P. D., 9
Stefan, C., 309 Trautwein, U., 237
Steinberg, L., 178, 380 Taft, L. B., 183 Triandis, H. C., 9
Stell, A., 183 Tai, K., 279 Tribich, D., 71
Stelmack, R. M., 228, 242 Takahata, M., 324 Trice, A., 379
Stepanikova, I., 402 Takanishi, A., 208 Trifonova, A., 232
Stepansky, P. E., 116 Takano, K., 20 Troetschel, R., 63
Stephan, J., 69 Takata, T., 11 Troup, L., 228
Stephan, Y., 267 Takeuchi, D., 21 Trovato, G., 208
Stephenson, W., 284 Tallandini, M., 67 Trzesniewski, K. H., 265
Steptoe, A., 389–390, 397 Tam, V., 184 Tsai, C., 364
Sterba, R. F., 131 Tamaki, M., 70 Tsai, J., 209
Stewart, A., 104, 175, 180, 182–183 Tamamiya, Y., 207 Tsai, M., 364
Stewart, G. L., 236 Tang, L., 8 Tseng, M., 123, 127
Stewart, S. E., 150 Tangney, J., 330 Tucker, J., 236
Stewin, L., 129 Tanno, Y., 20 Tucker, W., 226
Stieger, S., 27 Tarantino, N., 408 Tucker-Drob, E., 409
Stilwell, N. A., 101 Tardiff, K., 363 Tully, E., 408
Stinson, D., 265 Tarraf, W., 21 Turban, D., 400
Stirn, A., 382 Tatsuoka, M. M., 223 Turenshine, H., 129
St-Laurent, D., 126 Tavakoli, H., 362 Turiano, N., 402
Stone, A., 396–397 Tavris, C., 188 Turkle, S., 179
Stone, M., 127 Tay, L., 263 Turkum, A., 398
Stookey, J., 324 Taylor, C., 16 Turner-Cobb, J., 264
Strano, D., 124 Taylor, D., 184, 410 Twenge, J., 265
Straumann, T. J., 287 Taylor, J., 207 Tyson, D., 22
Strauss, J. P., 236 Taylor, M., 264, 361
Streitmatter, J., 176 Taylor, S. E., 389 U
Stricker, L. J., 101 Taylor-Ritzler, T., 27
Strickland, B. R., 373 Tedeschi, R., 389 Uba, L., 374
Strizhitskaya, O., 267 Tellegen, A., 230 Ubel, P., 397
Strong, B., 179 Tennen, H., 20 Udris, R., 365
Strouse, G., 179 Terracciano, A., 232, 235, 414–415 Uhlmann, E., 365
Strupp, H. H., 284 Tesiny, E. P., 125–126 Ulbricht, J., 228
Suarez-Balcazar, Y., 27 Teti, D. M., 354 Ullen, F., 408
Subrahmanyam, K., 8, 179 Tetlock, P. E., 310 Umana-Taylor, A. J., 185
Suchy, Y., 236 Thacker, S., 345 Updegraff, K., 129, 185
Suedfeld, P., 175 Thal, S. E., 101 Usborne, E., 184, 410
Suh, E. M., 9, 396, 398, 401 Thiel, W., 408 Ustwani, B., 102
Suinn, R., 185 Thoemmes, F., 237 Utsey, S., 399
Suire, R., 402 Thomas, S., 67 Utz, S., 179
Suldo, S., 234 Thompson, S. C., 387
Sullivan, M., 126 Thompson, T., 336 V
Sullivan, S., 129 Thompson, V., 22
Sullivan-Logan, G. M., 233 Thompson-Lake, D., 381 Vaccarino, V., 376
Sulloway, F. J., 44, 61, 129 Thoresen, C., 377 Vahtera, J., 389
Sully, A., 324 Thornton, B., 152 Vaidya, J., 345
Summerville, K., 105 Tildesley, E., 381 Valentijn, S., 358
Sun, P., 311 Timmermans, A., 241 Vallath, S., 66
Suri, S., 27 Tjan-Heijnen, V., 376 Valli, K., 68
Susskind, J., 209 Tobey, L. H., 125 Van Aken, M., 12, 415
Sussman, S., 361 Tobin, D., 127 van Bakel, H., 64
Sutin, A., 390, 410 Tomina, Y., 324 Van Boven, L., 396
Sutton-Smith, B., 129 Tomlin, M., 326 Van de Castle, R., 70, 152
Swann, W., 265 Tomlinson, T. M., 283 Van de Water, D. A., 181–182
Swanson, J., 365 Tompson, M., 377 Van den Eijnden, J., 241
Sweeny, K., 392 Tong, J., 374 Van der Aa, N., 241
Swenson, R., 266 Torges, C., 183 Van der Linden, D., 235
Swickert, R. J., 234 Tori, C., 68 van der Vyver, J., 208
Synn, W., 101 Torres, L., 185 Van Eeden, R., 225
Szapocznik, J., 185 Tosun, L., 241 Van Hiel, A., 182–183, 265
Townsend, A., 179 Van Leeuwen, K., 408
Van Zalk, M., 12

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490 Name Index

Vanderborght, B., 75 Wallick, M. M., 101 Widom, C., 126
Vandewater, E. A., 104, 182 Walsh, D., 365 Wieczorkowska, G., 128
Vandiver, B., 186 Walsh, S., 8 Wilbarger, J., 63
Vansteenkiste, M., 177 Walters, R. H., 344–345 Wilborn, B., 125
Varesconi, I., 381 Walton, K., 237, 414 Wilcox, K., 230
Varvatsoulias, G., 102 Wan, W., 75 Wilfong, J., 177
Vasquez, E., 65 Wang, L., 374–375 Wilkinson, R., 390
Vaughan, A., 324 Wang, Q., 375 Wille, D. E., 174
Vazire, S., 6 Wang, S., 176 Williams, D. E., 263
Vecchione, M., 65 Wang, Y., 360 Williams, K., 240, 264, 363
Veenhoven, R., 398 Want, V., 22 Williams, P., 236
Velasquez, R., 376 Warburton, J., 183 Williamson, J., 8
Velezmoro, R., 382 Waterman, A. S., 175, 177, 188 Willis, M., 234
Venables, P., 383 Waterman, C. K., 175 Willis, S., 398
Ventura, M., 360 Watkins, C. E., Jr., 126 Wills, T.., 330
Verkasaio, M., 241 Watson, C. B., 363 Wilpers, S., 237
Verkuyten, M., 266 Watson, D., 234, 237, 249, 345 Wilson, C., 248
Vernon, P., 205–206, 241 Watson, J. B., 249, 315, 321 Wilson, H., 126
Verrico, C., 381 Watson, M. W., 70 Wilson, K., 8
Veselka, L., 241 Watters, E., 72 Wilt, J., 182
Vetere, A., 66 Watts, R., 114, 128 Windsor, T., 400
Viechtbauer, W., 414 Wayland, A., 365 Winkielman, P., 63
Viezel, K., 126 Weber, H., 392 Winter, D. A., 183, 306, 309, 312
Viken, R. J., 233 Webster, G., 240 Winter, D. G., 205, 297
Villanova, P., 387 Webster, R., 61, 74 Winter, S., 8, 364
Villardon, L., 365 Weed, N., 14 Winzelberg, A., 16
Viner, R., 74 Weetjens, B., 324 Wirtz, D., 398
Vinitzky, G., 241 Wegner, D. M., 62 Witkow, M., 184
Vinokur, A. D., 67 Weinberger, I., 63, 417 Witt, E. A., 27, 242
Visintainer, M., 388 Weinberger, J., 181 Wittels, F., 110
Vlaev, I., 396 Weinstein, J. N., 360 Woemmel, C., 361
Vlahov, D., 363 Weir, K., 330 Wohlfarth, T., 234
Vleioras, G., 177 Weisfeld, C., 409 Wojcik, E., 403
Vogel, E., 265 Weisfeld, G., 409 Wolfling, K., 241
Vohs, K., 330 Weisgram, E., 173 Wolinsky, F., 374
Vollmann, M., 392 Weiss, A., 400 Wong, A., 10
Volpicelli, J., 388 Weiss, D., 8 Wong, F. Y., 283
Von Dras, D. D., 233 Weisse, C. S., 393 Wong, S., 11
Von Franz, Marie-Louise, 97–98 Weisskirch, R., 242, 381 Wong, W., 173
Von Grumbkow, J., 209 Weiszbeck, T., 175 Wood, A., 400
von Kanel, R., 64 Weiten, W., 45 Wood, J. M., 18, 22
von Rueden, C., 232 Weitlauf, J. C., 352 Wood, M., 229
Vookles, J., 129, 287 Wendorf, C., 409 Woodworth, M., 240
Voracek, M., 232 Wentworth, P. A., 182 Worrell, F., 186
Vosper, J., 129 Werner, N., 365 Worth, R., 66
Vosvick, M., 376 Wernick, L., 187 Wright, C., 390
Wero, J. L. F., 206 Wright, E., 363
W Westen, D., 63, 71, 73 Wright, P. M., 352
Westenberg, P. M., 104 Wright, T. L., 360
Wadkar, A., 387 Westerlund, M., 408 Wu, M., 397
Wagerman, S., 235 Westerman, S., 7 Wu, Q., 264
Wagner, B., 234 Westermeyer, J., 182 Wyatt-Gieser, J., 18
Wagner, G., 265, 397, 399, 401 Westkott, M., 148 Wygant, S., 14
Wagner, J., 265 Wethington, E., 410 Wynd, C. A., 376
Waldrop, D., 361 Wheatley, T., 62 Wynn, R., 376
Walker, B., 312 Wheeler, L., 358
Walker, C., 312 Whetstone, A., 388 X
Walker, K., 390 Whitaker, J., 65
Walker, R., 22 Whitbourne, S., 181 Xenos, S., 241
Wallace, B., 184 White, K., 8 Xiang, J., 68
Wallen, J., 399 Whitesell, N. R., 287 Xian-Li, A., 69
Wallerstein, R., 160 Whittaker, V., 184 Xiao-Yun, Z., 382

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Y Yu, C., 60, 69 Name Index 491
Yu, E., 394
Yablon, Y., 102 Zhao, S., 102
Yagmurlu, B., 11 Z Zheng, H., 382
Yamagata, S., 408 Zhong, Z., 7
Yamaguchi, S., 10, 266 Zadra, A., 69 Zhou, Y., 69
Yamazaki, T. G., 150 Zafiropoulou, M., 225 Zhuo, J., 345
Yan, G., 382 Zajonc, R. B., 118, 128 Ziegelstein, R., 236
Yan, Z., 27 Zamani, R., 24 Ziegler-Hill, V., 265
Yang, H., 102 Zamboanga, B., 381 Zigler, E., 287
Yang, Y., 234, 241 Zane, N., 21 Zimmer, C., 208
Yao, M., 7 Zanon, C., 234 Zimmerman, B. J., 359
Yap, S., 184, 358 Zaretsky, E., 74 Zimmerman, M., 400
Yarlap, A., 397 Zarghamee, H., 398 Zimmerman, R., 366
Yee, C., 362 Zeb, N., 65 Zimmermann, J., 277
Yeo, G., 229 Zebrowitz, L. A., 208, 358 Zimprich, D., 233, 414
Yi, M. S. M., 9 Zecca, M., 208 Zonash, R., 65
Yildiz, S., 225 Zeidner, M., 376 Zubair, A., 375
Yip, T., 399 Zeigler-Hill, V., 264 Zucchi, J., 387
Yong-Hong, H., 402 Zelazo, P., 71 Zucker, A., 182
Yoo, H., 9 Zhai, Q., 234 Zuckerman, M., 378–379, 381,
Young, R., 8 Zhai, Y., 234
Young-Bruehl, E., 73 Zhang, D., 399 383
Youngquist, J. V., 382 Zhang, F., 207 Zukanovic, R., 175
Youngs, D., 309 Zhang, H., 267 Zullow, H., 393
Zunshine, L., 210
Zweigenhaft, R., 129

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subject Index

A Archetypes, 91–93, 102 Bobo inflatable doll studies, 343–344
Ashton, Michael, HEXACO model, 239–240 Body language, 111, 206
Ability traits, 217 Asian-American identity, 185 Body types, 191
Actualization tendency, 274–276. See also Assessment of personality
C
Self-actualization behavioral, 19
Adjective checklist, 3 clinical interviews, 18–19 Cardinal trait, 198
Adler, Alfred, 105, 249, 258, 409, 411, 416 gender and ethnic issues, 20–24 Case study method, 24–25, 60–61, 123
online test administration, 16 Castration anxiety, 55
life of, 109–110 projective techniques, 16–18 Catharsis, 58, 65
relationship with Freud, 41–42, 109, reliability and validity, 13–14 Cathexis, 44
self-report inventory, 14–15 Cattell, Raymond, 105, 409, 411
131–132 thought and experience, 19–20
Adler’s theory Attentional processes, 348–349 life of, 214–216
Aversive stimulation, 329 Cattell’s approach to personality traits,
assessment in, 120–123 Avoiding style of life, 115
reflection on, 130–133 216–218
research on, 123–130 B assessment in, 222–223
Adolescent development, 176–178, 354 reflections on, 225–226
Adulthood, 202–203, 354 Bandura, Albert, 26, 341–367, 377, 410, 416 research on, 223–225
African-American identity, 185 life of, 342–343 Central traits, 198
Aggressive behavior, 344, 364–365 Childhood
Aggressive drive, 44 Bandura’s theory need for safety and security, 139–140,
Aggressive personality, 143–147 assessment in, 357
Agreeableness, 231–239, 241 reflection on, 366–367 252–253
Alienated achievement, 177 research on, 357–365 personality development in, 51–57, 93–94,
Allport, Gordon, 131, 193–210, 409, 411, 416
challenged Freud’s psychoanalysis, 194 Basic anxiety, 140–141 200–202, 276–279, 353–354, 394
life of, 194–196 Basic strengths, 163 sexual abuse, 39–40, 72–73
uniqueness of personality, 194 Basic weaknesses, 170 Choice corollary of personal construct
Allport’s theory Behavior modification, 330–332, 354–357
assessment in, 204–205 Behavior shaping, 326–328 theory, 300–301
reflections on, 210 Behavioral approach, 315, 317–336 Clinical interviews, 18–19
research on, 205–209 Behavioral genetics, 226 Clinical method, 24–25
Anal personality type, 71 Behaviorism, 245, 249, 294, 315, 320 Cognitive approach, 291, 293–312
Anal stage, 53–54 Cognitive complexity, 310–311
Analytical psychology, 81 Bandura’s, 342 Cognitive needs, 255
Anima/animus archetypes, 92, 96 Skinner’s, 336, 343 Cognitive psychology, 295
Anticipating life events, 298–303 Being needs, 251 Cognitive simplicity, 310–311
Anxiety, 47 Belongingness need, 253–254, 263–264 Cognitive styles, 310
basic, 140–141 Beyond Freedom and Dignity (Skinner), 336 Collective efficacy, 362–364
behavior modification of, 356 Big Five factors, 230–238 Collective unconscious, 90–91
castration, 55 Birth order, 117–120, 127–128 Commonality corollary of personal
defenses against, 49–51, 67–68 effects, 130
purpose of, 48–49 Bivariate method, 224 construct theory, 303
types of, 48 Black identity, 184–186 Common traits, 198
Compensation, 111
Complexes, 90

492

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Subject Index 493

Compliant personality, 143 E First-born child, 117, 128–129
Computerized test administration, 16 characteristics, 117–118
Conditional positive regard, 278, 285 Early recollections, 121, 124–125
Conditioning, 321 Ego, 46–47, 64–65, 87 Five-factor model, 230–238
Conditions of worth, 278–279 Ego-ideal, 47 behavioral correlation, 235–238
Conflict, 144–145 Ego identity, 167, 179–181 cross-cultural consistency, 232
Congruence, 279 emotional correlation, 234–235
Conscience, 47 despair vs., 169 gender differences, 232
Conscientiousness, 231–233, 239, 241 Ego psychology, 73–74 measuring of, 231
Conscious level of personality, 44–45 Electra complex, 56 prediction of changes over time, 233
Consciousness, 416 Emotional arousal, self-efficacy, 352–353 stability over time, 233
Constitutional traits, 217–218 Emotionality, 239
Construct, 297–298. See also Personal Emotionality, activity, and sociability (EAS), Fixation, 52
Fixed-interval/fixed-ratio reinforcement
construct theory 287
Construction corollary of personal construct Encounter groups, 283 schedule, 325–326
Entropy, principle of, 86–87 Fixed role therapy, 306–308
theory, 299 Environmental-mold traits, 217, 218 Flight from womanhood, 147
Constructive alternativism, 298 Environment influences, 197, 219, Foreclosure (adolescent status), 176
Control group, 25 Fragmentation corollary of personal con-
Coping behavior, 206 408–410
Correlational method, 27–29 Epigenetic principle of maturation, 163 struct theory, 302–303
Correlation coefficient, 28 Equivalence, principle of, 86 Free association
Costa, Paul, model of, 230–239 Erikson, Erik, 105, 153, 409, 411
Covert modeling, 355 Freud’s theory, 58–59
Creative power of self, 115 life of, 160–162 Horney’s theory, 150
Cross-cultural psychology, 9 Erikson’s theory Free will, 132
Culture in shaping personality, 9–12 determinism vs, 31
assessment in, 171–172 Freud, Anna, work of, 40–41, 73–74,
child-rearing practices, 11 reflections on, 188–189
cultural belief about destiny, 10 research in, 172–187 77, 161
diversity, 12 Esteem needs, 253 Freud, Sigmund, 411, 413, 416
and five-factor model, 232 Ethical issues in behavior modification,
individualism, 10–11 Adler and, 41, 109, 131–132
self-enhancement, 11–12 356–357 Allport and, 193–194, 195–196
in personality assessment, 23–24 Ethnic identity, 184–186 on Anna, 73–74
Ethnic issues Erikson and, 160–161
D Horney and, 135–136
in assessment, 20–24 Jung and, 81, 83
Dark Triad of personality, 240–241 locus of control, 374–375 life of, 38–42
Death instincts, 44 Experience corollary of personal construct Freudian slip, 71
Defense mechanisms, 49–51 Freud’s research, criticisms, 60–73
theory, 301 scientific testing, 62–73
hierarchy, 67–68 Experience sampling, 19–20 Freud’s theory
Deficit (deficiency) needs, 251 Experiential environment, 276 assessment in, 58–60
Denial, 50, 67 Experimental group, 25–26 extension of, 73–74
Dependent variable, 25 Experimental method, 25–27 reflection on, 74–76
Depression, 392–394 Explanatory style, 388–394 Fromm, Erich, 138, 328
Detached personality, 144 Expressive behavior (Allport), 206–208 Fully functioning persons, 279–281
Determinism, free will and, 31 Functional analysis, 333
Developmental factor, 413–415 facial expressions, 207–208 Functional autonomy, propriate,
Dichotomy corollary of personal construct gender and age effects, 206–207
Externalization, 146 199–200
theory, 299–300 External locus of control, 372, 374–375
Dichotomy in Kelly’s theory, 305–306 Extinction, 322 G
Dimensions of personality, 226–230 Extraversion, 88, 100–101, 228,
Direct observation of behavior, 333–334 Gay identity, 187
Dirty Dozen Scale, 240 239, 341 Gender, 179–181
Disinhibition, 345 Extrinsic motivation, 267 Gender issues
Displacement, 50, 65 Eysenck’s personality dimensions, 241
Dominant style of life, 115 in assessment, 20
Dream analysis F in personality, 8–9
Gender preference identity, 186–187
Adler and, 121–122, 123 Facial expressions, 206–208 Gender-typed play therapy, 172–174
Horney and, 150 cultural differences in, 208–209 Generativity, 181–182
Jung and, 98–99, 102 stagnation vs., 168–169
S. Freud and, 41, 59–60, 68 Factor analysis, 223, 379 Genetic approach, 191, 193–242
Dynamic traits, 217, 219 of behavior prediction, 214 Genetic factors, 407–408
Genital stage, 57
Fears, behavior modification of, Growth needs, 251
355 Guided participation, 355

Feminine psychology, 146–149,
152

cultural influences on, 148–149
Fictional finalism, 114

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494 Subject Index

H Introversion, 87–89, 101 Maturity, 182–184
Isolation, intimacy vs., 167–168 MBTI. See Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
Happy personality, 395–404
Heredity J (MBTI)
McCrae, Robert, model of, 230–238
influence of, 408 Janteloven, 12 Memories, repressed, 72–73
primary role of, 230 Jonah complex, 260 Metamotivation, 255–256
Hierarchy of needs, 250–255, 263 Jung, Carl, 413, 416 Metaneeds, 256–257
Hispanic-American identity, 185 Metapathologies, 256–257
Historical determinism, 32 life of, 82–85 Middle age, personality development, 94–95
Honesty/humility, 239–240 S. Freud and, 41, 81, 83 Midlife crisis in women, 103
Horney, Karen, 131, 409, 411 Jung’s theory, 86–87 Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inven-
life of, 136–138 assessment in, 97–100
Horney’s theory research on, 100–104 tory (MMPI), 14–15, 24
assessment in, 150–151 Modeling, 343–348, 355
reflection on, 153–154 K
research on, 151–153 therapy, advantages of, 355–356
Humanistic approach, 245, 247–288 Karma, 10 Modulation corollary of personal construct
Human nature Kelly, George, 293–312, 416
Adler’s view of, 120 theory, 302
Allport’s view of, 202–203 life of, 295–297 Moral anxiety, 48
Bandura’s view of, 357 Kelly’s theory Moratorium (adolescent status), 176
Cattell’s view of, 221–222 Motivation, 198–200, 255–256, 267
Erikson’s view of, 170 assessment in, 304–308 Multivariate methods, 224
Freud’s view of, 57–58 reflection on, 312 Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), 99–100
Horney’s view of, 149 research on, 308–311
Jung’s view of, 96–97 N
Kelly’s view of, 304 L
Maslow’s view of, 260–261 Narcissism traits, 240
questions about, 31–32 Last-born child, 119 Nature or nurture, 31
Rogers’ view of, 281–282 Latency period, 57 Needs, Maslow’s hierarchy of, 250–255, 263
Skinner’s view of, 332–333 L-data technique, 222 Negative emotionality, 180
Hypnosis, 58 Learned helplessness, 385–388, 392–395, 404 Negative reinforcement, 332
Neglect in childhood, 125–126
I animal research on, 388 NEO Personality Inventory, 231
in childhood, 394 Neo-psychoanalytic approach, 79, 81–154
Id, 45–46 emotional health and, 387–388 Neuroses, 39, 41, 141–145
Idealized self-image, 145–146 reflections on, 394–395 Neurotic anxiety, 48
Identity achievement, 176 as torture, 387 Neurotic competitiveness, 152
Identity cohesion, 167 Learning factor, 410–411 Neuroticism, 228–229
Identity confusion, 162 Lee, Kibeom, HEXACO model, 239–240 Neurotic needs, 141–145
Identity crisis, 167, 176–177, 181 Letters from Jenny, 205
Identity diffusion, 177 Levels of personality, 44–45 aggressive personality, 143–144
Impulsive unsocialized sensation seeking, 379 Libido, 44, 86 compliant personality, 143
Incentive processes, 350 Life-history reconstruction, 100 conflict, 144–145
Incongruence, 279 Life instincts, 44 Neurotic trends, 142–143, 151–152
Independent variable, 25 Life-span approach, 157, 159–189 Neurotic’s self-image, 146
Individualism, 10–11 Life style, 115 Non-impulsive socialized sensation seeking,
Individuality corollary of personal construct Limited-domain approach, 369–417
Locus of control, 372–377 379
theory, 299 age and gender differences, 373–374 Nordic cultures, 12
Individual psychology, 108, 132–133 assessment of, 373
Individuation, 95–96, 102–103 behavioral differences, 375 O
Inferiority complex, 132 in childhood, 376–377
ethnic issues, 374–375 Objective anxiety, 48
causes, 111–113 internal vs. external control, 372–373 Observational learning, 342–350. See also
Inferiority feelings, 111, 123–124, 138 physical health differences, 376
Instinctive drift, 335 Social-learning theory
Instinctoid needs, 250 M attentional processes, 348–349
Instincts, 43 Bobo inflatable doll studies, 343–344
Machiavellianism traits, 240 disinhibition, 345
types of, 44 Maldevelopment, 170 incentive processes, 350
Internal locus of control, 372–373 Maslow, Abraham, 105, 131, 153, 210, 245, modeling situation characteristics, 346–348
Internet, personality and, 6, 241–242 production processes, 349–350
The Interpretation of Dreams (S. Freud), 247–269, 409, 411, 416 retention processes, 349
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, 250–255, 263 society’s models effects, 345–346
60 Maslow’s theory verbal modeling, 344
Intimacy, isolation vs., 167–168 Observer characteristics
assessment in, 261–262 age, 347–348
reflection on, 268–269 attributes, 348
research on, 262–266

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Subject Index 495

Oedipus complex, 54–56, 70, 148 goals, 400–401 schedules of, 324–326
Old age, 182–183, 221, 354, 397 marriage and social support, 397–398 of self, 350–351
Online test administration, 16 Positive regard, 277 vicarious, 342
Only child, 119–120 Positive self-regard, 277 Reliability, 13
Operant behavior, 322–323 Preconscious level of personality, 45 Repertory grid, 305, 306
Operant conditioning, 323–324, 330–332 Predictive validity, 13 Repression, 49–50, 65–66, 72–73
Opposites, principle of, 86 Primary-process thought, 46 Resistances, 59
Optimism/pessimism, 32, 388–394 Production processes, 349–350 Respondent behavior, 321–322
Optimistic explanatory style, 388–394 Projection, 50 Retention processes, 349
Oral personality type, 71 Projective techniques, 16–18 Revised Racial Identity Model, 186
Oral stage, 52–53 Propriate functional autonomy, 199–200 Rogers, Carl, 271–289, 409, 411, 416
Order of birth, 117–120, 127–128 Proprium, 199, 200–202 life of, 272–274
Organic inferiority complexes, 111–112 Psyche, 86 Rogers’s theory
Organismic valuing process, 276 Psychic energy, 86–87 assessment in, 282–283
Organization corollary of personal construct Psychoanalysis, 35–76, 41–42, 74 reflection on, 288
Psychohistorical analysis, 172 research on, 283–287
theory, 299 Psychological approach, 291 Role confusion, 167
Psychological functions, 87–88 Role Construct Repertory Test, 304–305
P Psychological tests, 172, 283 Rorschach Inkblot Technique, 16–17
Psychological types, 88–89, 100–101 Rotter, Julian, and locus of control,
Pampering in childhood, 126 Psychopath traits, 240
Parental factor, 411–413 Psychosexual stages of personality develop- 372–377
Peak experience, 257
Peer groups, 167 ment, 51–57 S
Penis envy, 56, 70 anal stage, 53–54
Perceptual defense, 286 genital stage, 57 Safety need and security, 139–140, 252–253
Perfection, drive for, 113–114 latency period, 57 Satiation, 329
Performance attainment, self-efficacy, 352 oral stage, 52–53 Schedules of reinforcement, 324–326
Permeability, 302 phallic stage, 54–56 Secondary-process thought, 46
Perseverative functional autonomy, 199 Psychosocial stages of personality develop- Secondary traits, 198
Persona archetype, 91–92, 95–96 Second-born child, 118–119, 129
Personal construct theory, 293–313 ment, 162–169, 181–182 Self-acceptance, 286–287
Personal-document technique, 204–205 autonomy vs doubt and Self-actualization
Personal growth/stagnation, 104 ego integrity vs despair, 169
Personality generativity vs stagnation, 168–169 and actualization tendency, 274–276
identity cohesion vs role confusion, 167 childhood importance in, 259
Allport’s uniqueness of, 194 industriousness vs inferiority, 166–167 conditions for achieving, 254
aspects, 87–93 initiative vs guilt, 165 Maslow and, 249–250, 253
assessment (See Assessment of personality) intimacy vs isolation, 167–168 Rogers and, 271–289
dimensions (See Dimensions of personality) trust vs mistrust, 163–164 self-esteem and, 266
social media and, 6–8 Psychoticism, 229–230 Self-actualizer, characteristics, 256–258
tests, 13–24 Punishment, 332 Self-administered satiation, 329
traits, 214, 241–242 Self archetype, 93
Personality: A Psychological Interpretation Q Self-characterization sketch, 304
Self-concept, 276–279
(Allport), 193 Q-data technique, 222 Self-control of behavior, 329–330
Personality development, 93–96 Q-sort technique, 284–285 Self-determination theory, 267
Self-efficacy, 351–354, 358–362
hierarchy of needs, 250–255 R Self-enhancement, 11–12
stages of, 219–220 Self-esteem, 264–266
Personality theories, 29–30 Race and gender in shaping personality, ethnic and cultural differences in, 266
autobiographical nature of, 30 8–9 high, 264
Personal Orientation Inventory (POI), low, 264–265
Racial identity, 184–186, 286 self-actualization and, 266
261–262 Range corollary of personal construct theory, Self-image, idealized, 145–146
Personal unconscious, 89 Self-protective mechanism, characteristics,
Person-centered therapy, 272, 282–285, 288 301
Pessimistic explanatory style, 388–394 Rationalization, 50 141
Phallic stage, 54–56 Reaction formation, 50 Self-reinforcement, 350–351
Phobias, 355 Reality anxiety, 48 Self-report inventories, 14–15, 150–151
Physiological arousal, self-efficacy, 352–353 Reality principle, 46 Self-report of behavior, 334
Physiological needs, 252 Reciprocal determinism, 357 Seligman, Martin E. P.
Play constructions, 172–174 Regression, 50
Pleasure principle, 45–46 Reinforcement, Skinner’s ideas learned helplessness, 385–395
Positive emotionality, 180 life of, 395
Positive psychology (Seligman), 395–403 definition of, 321 positive psychology, 395–403
internal vs external locus of control, 372–373
characteristics and causes of happiness, 395 negative, 332

Copyright 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.

496 Subject Index

Sensation seeking, 378–385 Style of life, 114–115 collective, 90–91
assessment of, 378–379 Subjective well-being, 395–403 influence of, 416–417
behavioral differences, 381–382 Subjectivity in personality theories, 30 personal, 89
characteristics of, 379–380 Sublimation, 50–51 S. Freud and, 44–45, 63
heredity vs. environment, 384 Subliminal perception, 63 Unique traits, 216–217
occupational preferences, 383 Successive approximation, 327–328 Utopian society, 333
personality differences, 382–383 Superego, 47
Superiority complex, 113 V
Sentence-completion test, 18 Superstitious behavior, 328
Sex-role training, 173 Surface traits, 217 Validity, 13
Sexual abuse, childhood, 39–40, 72–73 Symptom analysis, 98 Values, personal, 205
Shadow archetype, 92 Variable-interval/variable-ratio reinforcement
Shaping method, 326–328 T
Siblings, influence of, 117–120 schedule, 326
Six-Factor Model, 239–240 T-data technique, 222 Verbal modeling, 344
Sixteen Personality Factor (16PF) Ques- Television and aggressive behavior, Verbal persuasion, self-efficacy, 352
Vicarious experiences, self-efficacy,
tionnaire, 218, 223 364–365
Skinner, B. F., 315, 317–337, 410 Temperament traits, 217 352
Test anxiety, 356 Vicarious reinforcement, 342
life of, 318–321 Test standardization, 13–24 Video games and aggressive behavior,
Skinner box, 323–324 Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), 18, 24
Skinner’s theory Thought-sampling research, 19–20 364–365
Token economy program, 330–331 Virtual identity, 178–179
assessment in, 333–334 Trait approach, reflections on, 242 Virtual research, 27
reflection on, 335–336 Trait theories
research on, 334–335 W
Snake phobia, 355 Allport and, 197–198
Social interest, 116, 122–123, 126–127 Ashton and Lee, 239–240 Walden Two (Skinner), 320, 332
Sociality corollary of personal construct Cattell and, 214–219 Wisdom, 169
definition of, 4 Womb envy, 146–147
theory, 303 Eysenck and, 226–230 Women
Social-learning approach, 26, 339, 341–367 McCrae, Costa, and, 230–238
Social media, 6–8, 102 overview of, 191–192 Freud’s view of, 56, 70
Society’s models effects, 345–346 Trolling, 345 Horney’s view of, 135–136, 146–149
Source traits, 217 Twin studies, 230, 231, 384 midlife crisis in, 103
Stagnation, generativity vs., 168–169 Type A/Type B behavior, 208 Word association, 18, 98
Stimulus avoidance, 329 Tyranny of the shoulds, 145, 152
Striving for superiority, 113–114 Y
Structure of personality U
Young adulthood, 167, 354
ego, 46–47 Unconditional positive regard, 277, 278 Youngest child, 119
id, 45–46 Unconscious
superego, 47 Z
Study of Values, 205
Zuckerman, Marvin, and sensation seeking,
378–385

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Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.

Personality around the World

In addition to covering a diverse range of ages, genders, religious and ethnic groups,
and geographical locations, Schultz and Schultz: Theories of Personality, includes the
following countries whose populations served as subject samples in research cited
in this new 11th edition:

Australia Iceland Poland
Belgium India Portugal
Bolivia Iran Romania
Botswana Israel Russia
Brazil Italy Serbia
Bulgaria Japan Scotland
Canada Korea Singapore
Chile Kuwait Slovakia
China Lebanon South Africa
Croatia Lithuania Spain
Czech Republic Macau Sweden
Denmark Malaysia Switzerland
Egypt Mauritius Syria
England Mexico Taiwan
Estonia Netherlands Thailand
Ethiopia New Zealand Turkey
Finland Nigeria Uganda
France Norway United Arab Emirates
Germany Oman United States
Greece Pakistan Venezuela
Hong Kong Peru Wales
Hungary Philippines

Copyright 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.