SMG 606_GROUP 6

THE TOGETHERNESS ISSUE /

PREPARED BY: AMANI AQILAH BINTI
MOHAMAD AMINUDIN

MEISTASHUGIEACSZSIIN&NEPSPOOLIRCTY

28 JUNE 2021/ INSIDE /
ISSUE 12/
VOL. 1 PREPARED TO:
SIR MOHAMAD FIRDAUS
$12.00 BIN AHMAD

HELLO THERE, READER!

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER 1: SPORTS POLICY AND
SPORTS ADMINISTRATION IN MALAYSIA

CHAPTER 2: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
FOR MORAL REASONING

CHAPTER 3: DEVELOPING A
CONSISTENT GAME PLAN FOR MORAL
REASONING

CHAPTER 4: INTIMIDATION,
COMPETITION AND SPORTSMANSHIP

CHAPTER 5: VIOLENCE IN SPORT

CHAPTER 6: COMMERCIALIZED SPORT

CHAPTER 7: ERGOGENIC AIDS FOR
SPORT PERFORMANCE

CHAPTER 8: TECHNOLOGY IN SPORTS,
SPORT SCIENCE, PHYSICAL EDUCATION
AND RESEARCH

CONCLUSION

OUTLINE

INTRODUCTION

ASSALAMUALAIKUM & HELLO THERE,
READER!

We are currently taking course SMG 606 (ETHICS &
POLICY ISSUES IN SPORT), We were given a task to
make a magazine for all of eight chapter that we
learned with a case study. This task is given due to
the pandemic Covid-19.

I am very thankful and also grateful to my
lecturer SIR MOHAMAD FIRDAUS BIN AHMAD as
my lecturer of subject SMG 606 (ETHICS & POLICY
ISSUES IN SPORT) and because of him, we get the
chance to create this amazing magazine. Enjoy
the reading!

YOURS TRULY,
GROUP 6

EDITOR, MAGAZINE

MARSYA AINA AMANI AQILAH
BINTI MOHD SAID BINTI MOHAMAD

(2020954261) AMINUDIN
(2020961241)
FARAH ATIQAH
KAMARUDIN AHMAD ADIB
BIN ANUAR
(2020949509)
(2019336105)

SPORTS POLICY
AND SPORTS

ADMINISTRATION
IN MALAYSIA

National Sports Policy has been enacted on 20 January 1988.
Rational: Sports for all. Encompasses both high performance
sport and mass sport. Beneficial on the individual, society
and the nation.

The Ministry of Education Via the National Sports Policy 1988
Provides adequate time for sports and physical education
(mass sports and high-performance sports).
Develops and coordinates sports activities in schools
including the development of the leadership qualities in
sports and physical education with the cooperation and
assistance of the Ministry of Youth and Sports, the NSC
and national sports associations.

Malaysian National Education Philosophy 1979
·Education is an on-going effort towards further developing
the potential individuals in a holistic and integrated manner
·So as to produce individuals who are: Intellectually,
Spiritually and Emotionally

What is RMK (Rancangan Malaysia)?

Was launched before national day by
federal cabinet on 1956.
2 term was called ‘Rancangan Malaya’
(1956-1965).
Now RMK (Rancangan Malaysia Ke-).
Each plan is for 5 years.
Giving high impact on society
development for rural area from poverty.
The Malaysian Plans (Rancangan Malaysia -
RMK) From 1966-1970, 1971-1975,
2006-2010, 2011-2015, 2016-2020…

CASE STUDY

Since a long time, sports have been a normal activity in the
life of our society. Many Malaysians are aware that the
sports industry is of great value and impact and it is
beginning to grow in our country. However, there are also
some who still look down on careers that involve sports. The
sports industry is not only related to the manufacturing
industry of sports-related products alone, but also involves
various other components. This includes in terms of
services, medicine, sports science and tourism based on
athletes, the community as well as the sports activities
themselves where the main target is to generate profits. In
2017, Malaysia was the host of the well -known sporting
event, the SEA Games. The involvement of foreign countries
participating in the Games is quite encouraging. Through
the organization of games like this, the countries that are
indirectly involved have invested in our country. Like,
foreign currency exchange, renting hotels as
accommodation and others. Since then, these activities
have generally helped to develop the country's economy. In
addition, the existence of agencies that are suppliers of
sports products and services in our country is also a source
of income for the national economy.

RECOMMENDATION

In my opinion, these agencies should establish closer ties
with manufacturers or suppliers of sports products from
abroad. This can help improve and develop the quality of
product sales in our country as well as can help in
improving the country's economy. In conclusion, sports is
not only about sports and recreational activities as well as
activities that are healthy for the body, but sports is also an
important industry that will give a significant positive
impact in helping the country's economy to develop rapidly.
Organizing sports events has the right to organize which
gives many advantages to the organizers in terms of
economy such as imposing taxes, rentals, participation fees,
ticket sales and so on. It also provides employment
opportunities to locals such as being involved as volunteers,
small businesses, transportation services, tour guides and so
on. The economy of the tourism sector such as hospitality,
small businesses, transportation will benefit through the
arrival of foreign tourists. Tourists will also spend their
money to visit and sightseeing places of interest during
sporting events. This can also promote the country's tourism
products to them. Foreign exchange rates will also increase
with the presence of tourists from abroad. Sponsorship and
advertising Sports organizations and athletes themselves
will benefit from sponsorship often in the form of a source
of income and sponsorship of training equipment as well as
team clothing. In addition, sponsors can also promote their
business or products for attract customers to get their
services. Sponsorship can also reduce the cost of
government spending in organizing a sporting event,
because the sponsor will bear and pay a certain amount of
money and services to promote their company’s brand,
products and social responsibility. Broadcasting rights
Broadcasting contracts will be obtained to bring many
benefits to broadcast operators such as live broadcast
coverage, advertising and so on.
.

CASE STUDY

The National Sports Vision 2030 (VSN2030) will be the main
platform for Malaysians to share ideas to further strengthen
the country's sports arena together with the Ministry of
Youth and Sports (KBS). VSN2030 which is a new direction
for the development of national sports is a continuation of
several policies such as the National Sports Policy 1988
before it was further strengthened through the Sports
Development Act 1997 and the National Sports Policy 2009.
Based on the hope to make the next 10 years a golden
decade for Malaysian sports. VSN2030 is expected to be
launched next September, which will be the beginning of
the 'democratization of sports' with openness to receive the
views and voices of all parties. Among the key components
outlined in the VSN2030 direction are the empowerment of
sports culture in society, sports excellence, talent
identification and development, making Malaysia an
international sports hub, sports industry empowerment as
well as inclusivity and professionalism in sports
administration.

RECOMMENDATION

All questions, hopes and aspirations such as the people
want quality sports infrastructure both in urban and rural
areas, a fair talent search process without leaving anyone,
sports facilities for the disabled as well as the sports
industry as a new source of wealth will be the main image
to VSN 2030. It thus bringing the meaning of VSN2030 is
the work and hope of Malaysians. This canvas truly belongs
to all of us with voice and hope. We dream of a policy
document that is constantly scrutinized and appreciated by
the people. A document 'living' in the eyes and hearts of the
people. A document that is embodied by every layer of
Malaysians. We also hope that big names such as Datuk Lee
Chong Wei, Datuk Nicol David, Shalin Zulkifli, Pandelela
Rinong, Mohd Azizulhasni Awang and Farah Ann Abdul Hadi
continue to be born.
.

FRAMEWORK
OF MORAL
REASONING

Ethics
The word ethics is derived from the Greek, “ethos”
which means customs, habitual usage, conduct
and character.
·Ethics is an individual’s personal beliefs regarding
what is right and wrong or good or bad.
·Ethics involves a discipline that examines good or
bad practices within the context of moral duty.

Moral
·The word moral, from the Latin “mos”, refers to an
individual’s actual custom and manners.
·Morals are based on religious beliefs and social
influence and group norms.
·Moral values have to do with the importance we
place on the motive, intention and action directed
toward others.

Values
Definition: They are the ideas and beliefs about
life that guide us to do what we do and be what
we are. They can be about politics, religion,
friends, etc.

1.Moral Values:
Values you hold for yourself but don’t force on
others such as right vs. wrong, honesty vs.
dishonesty, being of service to others
2.Aesthetic Values:
Personal standards of beauty as seen in nature, art,
music, personal appearance
3.Performance Values:
Benchmarks you set for yourself such as accuracy,
speed, reward for achievement, self-discipline and
overall accomplishment

CASE STUDY

Definition: They are the ideas and beliefs about life that
guide us to do what we do and be what we are. They can
be about politics, religion, friends, etc.
Case Study: Werder Bremen midfielder, Aaron Hunt has
won praise for admitting to a dive, which made the referee
reverses his decision to award a penalty during the 2-0 win
at Nurnberg. Bremen were already ahead by two goals in
Saturday’s relegation battle when Hunt fell in Nurnberg’s
box and referee Manuel Graefe awarded a penalty for the
2004 Bundesliga champions. But the half-English former
Germany international urged Graefe to take back the
penalty decision.
Opinion/ Recommendation: The actions of Aaron Hunt
are very high moral values, especially since we rarely know
a player who is willing to do such a thing. If in some other
country, perhaps he will be the victim of ridicule of
supporters. But with such an action, he was given the ‘Fair
Play’ award for his kind action towards the opponent.

CASE STUDY

Definition: An ethical dilemma occurs when you are
placed in a situation where what you believe is challenged
or questioned and you are forced to act. It involves making
choices based on values.
Case Study: England are happy for Moeen Ali to wear
“Save Gaza” and “Free Palestine” wristbands during the
remainder of the third Test and beyond, despite an
International Cricket Council ban on players displaying
political messages. The ICC has launched an investigation
after being alerted to photographs of the 27-year-old
batting in the wristbands on the second day of the match,
opening up the possibility that Moeen could face
punishment for breaching its code of conduct. But
England do not believe that Moeen has done anything
wrong, arguing that his messages were humanitarian
rather than political. The Worcestershire left-hander had
been pictured raising money for the Gaza relief efforts in
his home city of Birmingham last week.

RECOMMENDATION

Opinion/Recommendation: Even though we
have different opinions, religions, races and
so on but we have to understand what a
person wants to convey. As in this case,
Moeen Ali is a devout Muslim and fully
supports Palestine because it is oppressed by
the Israeli regime’s army. In fact, he
supported the action not politically, but as a
humanitarian. So, England’s action to fully
support Ali is right.

DEVELOPING
A CONSISTENT

GAME PLAN
FOR MORAL
REASONING

Moral Reasoning
“The action of thinking about something in a logical,
sensible way

Steps used in thinking through
a moral problem
1. Are any moral principle
violated?
2. Are any moral rules violated?
3. Is this case an exception?
4. Are the rules justified?
5. How can the rules be
changed

Obstacles
Thing that blocks one's way or prevents or hinders
progress.
Fallacies
A mistaken belief, especially one based on unsound
arguments.

Obstacles Fallacies

1. Skepticism 1. Fallacies in
2. Cultural and reasoning
relative ethics 3. 2. Fallacy of
Dogmatism 4. authority
False obstruction 3. Ad Hominem
of theory and Arguments
practice 4. Misplaced and
Improperly Placed
Authority
5. The Appeal to
Force
6. The Appeal to Pity
and Ridicule
7. Begging the
Question
8. Equivocation
9. Psychological
Obstacles
10.A Final Comment
on Courage

CASE STUDY

The lack of their daily training and competition schedule,
combined with the uncertainty of when life will return to
normal, is a hazardous combination. Malaysian athletes,
they feel, have shown that they are fighters. It is normal
to feel apprehensive about uncertainty, according to NSI
psychologist Philip Lew Chun Foong, and the key to
coming through unhurt is how perceptions and
expectations are handled. “The Covid-19 is a once-in-a-
lifetime worldwide crisis, no one knows how things will
unfold, and the most important thing to remember at
this time is to keep safe and healthy. It's natural to feel
anxious when confronted with unknowns, but the key is
to recognise that the problem affects the entire world,”
Philip explained. “The next phase is to concentrate on
what we have control over, which is what we can
accomplish at home. We have seen that a lot of
sportsmen have been doing their training at home. There
are constraints, but athletes have shown that they can
find inventive ways to practise at home.” The NSI has also
taken several steps to assist national athletes in avoiding
the slump.

RECOMMENDATION

Following NSI psychologist Philip Lew Chun Foong
statement on mental health, perhaps we could take
advantage of this chance to learn more about prevalent
mental diseases such as anxiety and depression, as well
as show empathy for people who suffer. In addition, we
need to encourage the athletes to publish their own
motivational quotations and fitness challenges on social
media so community can see that they are all in the
same boat. National divers Leong Mun Yee and Pandelela
Rinong, as well as bowler Syaidatul Afifah Badrul Hamidi,
have recently been filmed practising various home
training exercises. Because you have been feeling
disorganised, be wary of misguided, frivolous phrases
hinting to mental illness features, such as "wanting to
fall off a bridge" or "being schizophrenia." People within
us have stories to tell, and many of them are suffering
internal battles that we are unaware of. Let us not pass
judgement when someone says they are struggling,
regardless of how good they are at their sport or how
much money they made last year.

CASE STUDY

The headmaster of Dato' Bentara Luar secondary school
in Johor has put in place racial and gender limitations on
co-curricular activity registration. In a statement issued,
Abdul Razak Hamid confirmed that the school had
disregarded material on racial sensitivity contained in
the registration form for co-curricular activities provided
to Form 1 students. He previously defended the move,
telling FMT that the "conditions" were required due to
the kids' lack of sports facilities. Football and sepak
takraw were only open to "Malay males," while basketball
was only open to "Chinese boys and girls." In the
meanwhile, hockey was only offered to dorm students,
while the netball club was only limited to Malay girls.
Handball, bowling, petanque, and badminton, on the
other hand, were open to all.

RECOMMENDATION

In sports, it is essential that both girls and boys are
treated equally, noting the need to remove the
connection of athleticism and strength with a particular
gender. The government should make current sports
facilities in the country open to the public to encourage
more young people to participate in sports. Malaysians
are embracing healthier lives so existing sporting
facilities should be made available to the public as soon
as possible. In addition, when there is more than one
venue for women's and men's events, the organiser
should take special care in scheduling to ensure that
women's and men's events are equally accessible at both
venues. Athletes should also be protected from
harassment and abuse in sports by sports organisations.
They must achieve a balance in how both genders are
portrayed in the media.

INTIMIDATION,
COMPETITION

AND
SPORTSMANSHIP



COACHING INTIMIDATION: PURPOSEFUL
Typical methods of intimidation can range from mild tactics
like raising the pitch and tone of the voice to stronger physical
and emotional tactics, such as cursing, throwing objects

COACHING INTIMIDATION: NONPURPOSEFUL
Intimidation can occur
With no purposeful motive, intention, or action of the moral
agent.
Just the demeanor and professional position of many
individuals
Athletes may often be intimidated by a coach because of
reputation
Perception is the key to the problem

Intimidation by the Athlete
Purposeful:
The direct motivation, intention, and action to somehow
take the opposing player out of the game.
Use of psychological tricks such as trash talking
Intentionally acts to “take out” the opponent through a
physical act
Physical aggression and physical contact are part and
parcel of contact sports

Non-purposeful
Non purposeful psychological and physiological
intimidation:
Accidentally to scare others
Intimidate their opponents by their size, demeanour or
action, and their physical skills.

Non purposeful physical intimidation:
injury and physical harm, may occur to an opponent with
no intention on the part of the offending athlete

CASE STUDY

The disciplinary council of the sports arbitration
organisation ISR has given gymnastics coach Nico Zijp a
one-year conditional suspension. After several former
elite athletes revealed significant abuse of power and
intimidation in the gymnastics industry in the summer of
2020, Zijp became the first coach to be penalized. Zijp's
punishment arises from a finding that he persistently
neglected his athletes' injuries while verbally abusing or
intimidating them. Zijp is the head coach of FlikFlak's
women's team in Den Bosch, as well as the coordinator of
Topturnen Zuid, the area talent centre. At least fourteen
complaints were lodged against Zijp, according to the
judgement. Most of the complaints were about coaches
neglecting injuries or scolding athletes for failing to
achieve their coach's demands. Zijn was also found guilty
of criticising, threatening, and forcing gymnasts to
reduce weight on a regular basis. As a result of the
assault, a few victims said they were left with
psychological scars. Threats of humiliation, insults,
negative criticism, making a fool of someone in front of a
group, screaming, manipulation, intimidation, isolation,
and other forms of abuse were widespread among the
athletes' experiences.

RECOMMENDATION

The importance of self-assurance cannot be emphasized.
Coaches cannot overlook the negative, but they must
maintain a healthy balance. Something went wrong with
one of the players. Coach has the power to yell at them,
but guess what? Because they obtained a poor result,
they know they done something wrong. Coaches should
guide them through the decision-making process. If they
balance negative with positive when educating, the
person they are teaching will be far more attentive.
Coaches could correct athletes without intimidating
them, yet they must be corrected. Sometimes all it takes
is a quick glance. For example, coaches can provide
simple correction instead of pretending it was a good
swing when they know it was not.

CASE STUDY

Michael Jordan is one of the most famous people in the
Physical or verbal intimidation are both forms of
intimidation. You gain a mental advantage over someone
else when you intimidate them. Because of their height,
race, religion, age, and background, among other things,
someone or something can be intimidating. People's
competitive nature will always be brought out in sports.
That has been the case since the beginning of time. Those
who participate in sports and are committed to succeed
will triumph over those who participate for the sake of
having fun. Athletes in the top ranks of any sport have
characteristics that ordinary people lack simply because
they have devoted and trained themselves for that position.
When confronted with an opponent who displays amazing
ability, it might be daunting. Therefore, it is fascinating for
the general people to watch the professionals compete to
see who the best is. world. PGA Tour pro Harold Varner III
revealed a great incident about playing golf with Jordan for
the second time. Varner's friend, who had previously played
professionally and in college, was nearly knocked out by
Jordan during the round. In a competition, he should've
been able to handle Jordan, but MJ's imposing aura
destroyed him.

RECOMMENDATION

If you want to succeed at a high level in sports, you must
learn how to deal with intimidation and fear. Every
athlete must deal with intimidation at some point
during their career, especially in the early stages.
Learning how to frighten people is a varied issue that
depends on one's personality, and while it is not
required, it can be advantageous. Athlete must not take
anything the other person says or does personally.
Recognize that the person's behavior has nothing to do
with any deficiency in you or your performance, as
difficult as it may be. Lastly, coach need to assess
athlete's achievements or favorable characteristics to
reaffirm their ability and right to self-assurance.

VIOLENCE IN
SPORT &
SPORT

ELIMINATION

Violence
Violence is a physical force used with the intent to
harm, damage, or kill someone or something. In
sports, athletes will make violence because they want
to make their competitors injured and cannot play the
games anymore. Violence exist then the rules of sports
and people fail to hold themselves accountable to the
spirit of the rules. The effect of violence can reduce a
good moral values in the athletes and they will always
be focusing on gaining advantages to win.

Burnout
Burnout is a condition that can have a negative
impact on people's health and cause them to become
utterly drained as a result of excessive effort. Burnout
can occur when someone works on a task for an
extended period of time. It can happen in sports when
athletes overtraining to the point that their bodies get
exhausted and unable to adapt. Sport burnout divided
into 3 which are physical burnout, psychological
burnout and social burnout. Physical is something that
will effected on the athlete’s body, psychological is
effect athlete’s emotion and mental and social is when
the athletes socialized to the point that they can’t do
it anymore.

CASE STUDY

This case study shows that after Cleveland Browns pass
rusher Myles Garret and Pittsburgh Steelers, Garret
pulled Rudolph's helmet and attempted to smack him
in the head with it. Garret was suspended indefinitely by
the NFL after the event. Fans and teammates of the
Pittsburgh Steelers have both condemned his actions.
According to this case study, Garret was dissatisfied
with Rudolph since his team was losing. According to
this case study, Garret was dissatisfied with Rudolph
since his team had lost against Rudolph's squad, and he
began to act violently by attempting to smack Rudolph
in the head with a helmet. My recommendation is,
Garret should not to do that action and should accept
the result. The violence in sport must be discourage
even though through fighting or beating. It’s also need
to be banned permanently to the coaches, fans or
athlete as for people safety.

CASE STUDY

Manuel loses during swim trials as a result of burnout in
this case study. She is disappointed since she did not
qualify for the Olympic trials in the 100 metre freestyle.
She is the first African-American woman to win an
Olympic gold medal in swimming, although she has
been diagnosed with overtraining syndrome and
burnout. She wasn't noticing any improvement in her
performance before to the trial, so she changed her
training for two weeks. Her body began to exhibit
symptoms such as elevated heart rate during resting
and training, insomnia, depression, anxiety, and muscle
soreness as a result. Manuel's burnout is a physical one,
since her body has been harmed as a result of her
overtraining. In my opinion, Manuel should stick to the
proper training programme and avoid overtraining prior
to the event, since this will impair her performance
during the competition.

COMMERCIALIZED
SPORT

Commercialized sport
The commercialization of sports refers to any
component of the sports industry that involves the
sale, presentation, or use of sport or some aspect of
sport in order to generate revenue, with the goal of
improving the sport by adding additional world-class
facilities. Commercialized sport and the associate
pressure to win usually affect moral value values, often
negatively.

Ethical analysis of commercialized sport
·Sport as a Business
·Sport as Entertainment
·Sport as Transmitter of Economic value
·Sport for Public Relations and Promotion.

Sport as a business
When the competitive and recreational aspects of
sport are combined, it is a multibillion-dollar industry.
It focuses on the actual commercial activities that
make sport possible, such as sponsoring a team,
managing athletes, organizing events, and marketing
to spectators.

Sport as entertainment
Role of sport as entertainment threatens the
educational mission of schools and colleges. Sports
entertainment is a form of spectacle that uses a high
level of genuine enthusiasm and extravagant
presentation to entertain an audience while
presenting an apparently competitive action.

Sport as transmitter of economic value
Economic values may overwhelm ethical
characteristics in professional sports since the former
are rewarded while the latter may just receive a
smattering of appreciation. Sport may be an income
generator for both the country and the sports club.
When commercial values emerge, the spirit of the
rules vanishes.

Sport for Public Relation and Promotion
Sport has used as a promotional tool for cities,
businesses, colleges, and products. Sponsorship of
sports enables companies to acquire visibility and
build interest in their teams, as well as their services
and products.

Sponsorship
Sponsorship is when an outside body, such as a person
or an organisation, provides financial assistance to a
sport, whether it be an event, an organisation, or a
performer, for the mutual advantage of both sides.
When both sides benefit from a contract, it is referred
to as sponsorship.

C
A
S
E

Forest Green Rovers have become the first S
professional team in England to call for T
gambling, according to the case study. The U
English Football League objected to the ban D
because it would result in a loss of £40 Y
million per season. Dale Vince, the owner of
Forest Green Rovers, believes that gambling
in football is a misuse of the game and its
fans. Forest Green has teamed up with Big
Step, a charity that supports families who
are experiencing financial difficulties as a
result of gambling. Forest Green Rover made
the correct decision to prohibit gambling in
sports based on the case study. Every
sporting event should avoid gambling and
play fairly in order for each team to be
satisfied with the outcome.

C
A
S
E

Pandelela and Jun Hoon are given a lifetime S
pension in this case study. Following their T
silver medal performance at the Rio U
Olympic Games, they will split an D
RM600,000 cash prize and an RM3,000 Y
monthly pension. When Pandelela won
bronze in the 10m individual platform at the
2012 London Olympics, she became the first
Malaysian woman to win an Olympic medal.
In my opinion, they are deserving of a
lifetime pension from the National Sport
Council after winning silver at the Olympic
Games because Pandelela Rinong and Jun
Hoong represented Malaysia and won silver
in that major competition. It's not easy to
win a huge competition like that, but they
managed to do it and win a medal.

ERGOGENIC AIDS
FOR SPORT

PERFORMANCE

In this chapter, we will learn about ergogenic aids.
Ergogenic aids are supplement or ingested
substance that is prohibited by the letter or the
spirit of the rules but is used to garner an
advantage in the sport experience. An ergogenic
aid is defined as a physical, mechanical, nutritional,
psychological, or pharmacological substance or
treatment that either directly improves
physiological variables associated with exercise
performance or removes subjective restraints which
may limit physiological capacity. Use of ergogenic
sub into 6 type which is stimulants, depressants,
anabolic steroids, human growth hormone, blood
doping and beta blockers. There have pro and cons
each type of it. Moreover, the dilemma of drug
testing is opposition of frug testing, thwarting drug
testing, justification for drug testing and education
against drug use in sport. Athletes, coaches, and
trainers need to examine their personal beliefs and
values and determine what actions are fair, just,
honest, and beneficent.

CASE STUDY Definition: A synthetic

steroid hormone which
resembles testosterone
in promoting the growth
of muscle, are used
medically especially to
promote tissue growth.
Case study: A 23-year-

old aspiring bodybuilder
died last Sunday due to
suspected excessive
intake of steroid. Doctor
at the hospital do tests
and diagnosed Khan
with Hepatitis b and they
found increased levels of
cortisol which are one of
the steroid hormones
known as
glucocorticoids. His
condition rapidly
deteriorated and he died
because unable to
breath due to lung
problems.
Opinion and
Recommendation:

Anabolic steroid is to
gain in muscular
strength and bulk. It can
boost performance, but
it also can damage livers
and tumors. It is not
good for athlete to take
the drug because when
it uses regularly it will
harm our own life.

CASE STUDY

Definition: Blood doping
involves reinfusion one’s
own red blood cells, which
carry oxygen, just before a
competition
Case study: Chinese
swimmer Sun Yang will miss
the Tokyo Olympics after
the Court decided he had
violated anti-doping rules.
The 1500m freestyle world
record-holder appeared to
have no hope of making it
to the Olympics after the
Lausanne-based CAS
banned him for eight years
for refusing to give a sample
following an incident in
which a member of his
entourage smashed a vial
containing Sun’s blood
when doping inspectors
visited his home.
Opinion &
recommendation:
Blood doping can improve
stamina and performance,
particularly in long-distance
events. But it is not allowed
and illegal for athlete to use
the drug. Because of the
this, athlete will be banned
from their events.

TECHNOLOGY IN
SPORTS, SPORT

SCIENCE,
PHYSICAL
EDUCATION AND
RESEARCH

In this chapter, we will learn about advanced
material design in sport equipment technology has
changed the sporting experience to one in which
many can succeed without much talent or training.
It has good effect which is, it can give many
advantages to athlete. As example equipment for
Paralympic athletes. With the advanced
technology, it could help the athlete feel more
comfortable to involve in sport events. It also has
bad effect which is it could give harm or bad
consequences to use. As example the ice-skating
boot blade, sharpen on front. If the athlete does
not take it seriously when use the boot, it will make
them in dangerous situation. Triangle in ethics has
3 element that include social responsibility,
personal philosophy, and professional
responsibility. Seem like in our sport era nowadays,
people will follow with the trends. If it is good, they
will use.

Case study: Injuries of varying degrees C
happen all the time in sports. Woodcast A
offers a method to make supports that are S
thin enough that they can fit in shoes. E
Woodcast is not only about immobilizing
and shielding broken bones or twisted S
fingers, but also about preventing damages. T
Many injuries can be prevented if the U
athletes use individually shaped, D
lightweight supports of just the right Y
stiffness.
Opinion and recommendation: Woodcast
also can be use in water. It being made from
wood and biopolymers. Woodcast is also
environmentally sound. With this advanced
technology, it will help athlete recovery
their injuries faster. It gives many
advantages to sport person.

C
A
S
E

Case study: O'Neill-Thorne was born with S
arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, a T
condition affecting the mobility in his legs. He U
feels lucky to be among the first basketballers D
to benefit from the new technology. The seats Y
follow individual's body shape. It use carbon-
fibre, the same technology that find in a
Formula 1 car, an America's Cup boat or
aerospace. It has the highest strength-to-
weight ratio, and the seats tend to be very
light. It's also designed to increase speed and
agility.
Opinion and recommendation: The lighter
weight not only provides better support and
agility but an improved performance. It helps
those sport persons in Paralympic to perform
well as much as normal people can play. The
technology will increase their spirit to always
give full commitment.

CONCLUSION

Based on whole chapter in ethic in sport, sport
has long been considered as a competitive field in

which participants can acquire valuable lessons
and obtain rewards as a result of their

participation. Sport has traditionally been
considered as a means for people to learn moral
lessons and practise discipline, both of which can

lead to great life experiences. Rules, laws, and
regulations abound in competitive sports,

attempting to provide a set of guidelines to follow
ensuring that all of the participants are able to

participate on an equal terms. People must decide
how closely they will adhere to the regulations

that govern the sport or game in which they play
based on various of considerations, just as they
must in life. Some athletes try to get an unfair
edge by cheating or disobeying the established
laws and conventions. Thank you for reading our
magazine and we hope that with this knowledge
could give all people in sport industry know well

and play fair. Arigatoo.